230 lines
28 KiB
XML
230 lines
28 KiB
XML
<document id="026569966B659162DE44E843CFD9C4B0" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3999.1.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6bd3a3e2-ea99-490e-a64d-fbad37df8aa5" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="289200" ID-ZooBank="1FE7AFED-DC04-4E8C-BFB3-880A94B296DB" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461279614665" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Thandar, Ahmed S. & Rambaran, Ryan" docDate="2015" docId="174487A93850D77639E3DDC3B741FD31" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03999p061.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3999 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Pseudostichopus langeae Thandar 2009" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="46" masterDocId="EB7DFFD13853D7733974DC1AB43AFF96" masterDocTitle="On some sea cucumbers (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea) from off the south and west coasts of South Africa collected by the South African Environmental and Observation Network (SAEON)" masterLastPageNumber="61" masterPageNumber="41" pageNumber="44" updateTime="1698613662619" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="5F6972EDB60C0CB0492FE7EAE6835490">On some sea cucumbers (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea) from off the south and west coasts of South Africa collected by the South African Environmental and Observation Network (SAEON)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="145BB71F9587DFD0A7198EB4E3A60084">Thandar, Ahmed S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="6CA204A42A7F524E831C3AC2B9B44CBD">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="DBA3B46D5F2EFF7A429D13D5555E084A">2015</mods:date>
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<treatment id="174487A93850D77639E3DDC3B741FD31" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3511879" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127692685" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3511879" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:174487A93850D77639E3DDC3B741FD31" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/174487A93850D77639E3DDC3B741FD31" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="3" pageNumber="44">
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<paragraph id="9F5236BF3850D77039E3DDC3B6B9FE65" blockId="3.[151,643,473,533]" box="[151,643,473,499]" pageId="3" pageNumber="44">
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<heading id="C41A81D33850D77039E3DDC3B6B9FE65" bold="true" box="[151,643,473,499]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="44" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="58ED4D3C3850D77039E3DDC3B6B9FE65" authority="Thandar, 2009" authorityName="Thandar" authorityYear="2009" box="[151,643,473,499]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Synallactidae" genus="Pseudostichopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="3" pageNumber="44" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="langeae">
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<emphasis id="AD99EAAD3850D77039E3DDC3B6B9FE65" bold="true" box="[151,643,473,499]" pageId="3" pageNumber="44">
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<emphasis id="AD99EAAD3850D77039E3DDC3B5FCFE65" bold="true" box="[151,454,473,499]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="44">Pseudostichopus langeae</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="FB7C4B4E3850D77038BADDC3B6B9FE65" author="Thandar" box="[462,643,473,499]" pageId="3" pageNumber="44" refString="Thandar, A. S. (2009) New species and a new record of sea cucumbers from the deep waters of the South African temperate region (Echinodermata: Holothuridea). Zootaxa, 2013, 30 - 42." type="journal article" year="2009">Thandar, 2009</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9F5236BF3850D77039E3DDE6B53DFD82" blockId="3.[151,643,473,533]" box="[151,263,508,533]" pageId="3" pageNumber="44">
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(
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<figureCitation id="07D62A3A3850D77039EADDE6B4C4FD82" box="[158,254,508,533]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1923,1945]" captionTargetBox="[341,1235,214,1875]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[341,1235,193,1876]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Pseudostichopus langeae Thandar, 2009. A 31419, A. Tentacle rods; B. X-shaped rods from respiratory trees; C. Yshaped rods from gonad; D. Tube feet rods; E. Calcareous ring; F. Specimen entire, courtesy Lara Atkinson. (Figures A-D, scale a; Figure E, scale b)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/289203/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="44">Figure 3</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D7F765343850D77039E3DE5EB737FDCC" box="[151,781,580,602]" pageId="3" pageNumber="44" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="9F5236BF3850D77039E3DE5EB737FDCC" blockId="3.[151,781,580,602]" box="[151,781,580,602]" pageId="3" pageNumber="44">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="BFFD11913850D77039E3DE5EB737FDCC" box="[151,781,580,602]" pageId="3" pageNumber="44">
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<taxonomicName id="58ED4D3C3850D77039E3DE5EB662FDCC" authority="Thandar, 2009: 30" authorityName="Thandar" authorityPageNumber="30" authorityYear="2009" box="[151,600,580,602]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Synallactidae" genus="Pseudostichopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="3" pageNumber="44" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="langeae">
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<emphasis id="AD99EAAD3850D77039E3DE5EB5ADFDCC" box="[151,407,580,602]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="44">Pseudostichopus langeae</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="1E4C10AE3850D77038EADE5EB662FDCC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3503338" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3503338" author="Thandar" box="[414,600,580,602]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/651A87A17B51FF97FF3EF970FC5BFA23" page="30" pageId="3" pageNumber="44" year="2009">
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<bibRefCitation id="FB7C4B4E3850D77038EADE5EB60EFDCC" author="Thandar" box="[414,564,580,602]" pageId="3" pageNumber="44" refString="Thandar, A. S. (2009) New species and a new record of sea cucumbers from the deep waters of the South African temperate region (Echinodermata: Holothuridea). Zootaxa, 2013, 30 - 42." type="journal article" year="2009">Thandar, 2009</bibRefCitation>
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: 30
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–33, figs. 1 and 2.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D7F765343850D77039E3DE9CB5D1FD09" box="[151,491,646,671]" pageId="3" pageNumber="44" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="9F5236BF3850D77039E3DE9CB5D1FD09" blockId="3.[151,1437,646,2003]" box="[151,491,646,671]" pageId="3" pageNumber="44">
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<emphasis id="AD99EAAD3850D77039E3DE9CB530FD09" bold="true" box="[151,266,646,671]" pageId="3" pageNumber="44">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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(see
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<bibRefCitation id="FB7C4B4E3850D7703831DE9CB5D9FD09" author="Thandar" box="[325,483,646,671]" pageId="3" pageNumber="44" refString="Thandar, A. S. (2009) New species and a new record of sea cucumbers from the deep waters of the South African temperate region (Echinodermata: Holothuridea). Zootaxa, 2013, 30 - 42." type="journal article" year="2009">Thandar 2009</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D7F765343850D77039B3DEB0B7C5FD70" pageId="3" pageNumber="44" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="9F5236BF3850D77039B3DEB0B7C5FD70" blockId="3.[151,1437,646,2003]" pageId="3" pageNumber="44">
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<emphasis id="AD99EAAD3850D77039B3DEB0B58CFD55" bold="true" box="[199,438,682,707]" pageId="3" pageNumber="44">Material examined.</emphasis>
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<accessionNumber id="80BEAB5C3850D77038B7DEB1B61AFD55" box="[451,544,683,707]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/A31419" pageId="3" pageNumber="44" type="EnaNcbi">A31419</accessionNumber>
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, West Coast Survey 2011, just north of Lambert’s Bay,
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="FAD950783850D7703C01DEB0B4C7FD71" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="44" precision="1" value="16.46315">16° 27.789'E</geoCoordinate>
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, Demersal Trawl 060-4080, Cruise
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<quantity id="58159B5A3850D7703BF9DED5B734FD70" box="[653,782,718,743]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.70368" pageId="3" pageNumber="44" unit="m" value="270.368">270, 368 m</quantity>
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,
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<date id="EB53107F3850D7703A6DDED5B7A1FD71" box="[793,923,719,743]" pageId="3" pageNumber="44" value="2011-01-29">29/01/2011</date>
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, 2 specs.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D7F765343850D77039B3DEE8B0A5F9B5" pageId="3" pageNumber="44" type="description">
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<paragraph id="9F5236BF3850D77039B3DEE8B73EFB91" blockId="3.[151,1437,646,2003]" pageId="3" pageNumber="44">
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<emphasis id="AD99EAAD3850D77039B3DEE8B563FC9D" bold="true" box="[199,345,754,779]" pageId="3" pageNumber="44">Description.</emphasis>
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Body sub-cylindrical, slightly flattened ventrally, slightly arched dorsally, length up to
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<quantity id="58159B5A3850D7703C30DEE8B1A2FC9C" box="[1348,1432,754,779]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="3" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="55.0">55 mm</quantity>
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, width of mid-body up to
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<quantity id="58159B5A3850D77038C1DF0CB5C0FCB8" box="[437,506,790,815]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
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; encrusted predominantly with sand grains, but Foraminifera and shell debris also present. Skin with longitudinal ridges and depressions, mostly concentrated in extremities of ventro-lateral regions, encrustations more abundant in depressions. Mouth ventral, anus sub-ventral. Colour in live state white, off-white to grey in alcohol. Tube feet very reduced (0.5–1.5 mm), fine, in paired longitudinal rows dorso- and ventrolaterally, more common dorsally; mid-ventral and mid-dorsal regions naked, tube feet reach level of mouth and anus. Papillae and anal teeth absent. Both specimens with part of gut protruding through anus. Pygal furrow distinct. Tentacles 20, peltate, crown
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<quantity id="58159B5A3850D7703B43DFF5B642FB90" box="[567,632,1007,1031]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
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in diameter.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9F5236BF3850D77039B3D808B6C1FB49" blockId="3.[151,1437,646,2003]" pageId="3" pageNumber="44">
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Calcareous ring fragile, radial and inter-radial plates notched posteriorly, radial plates larger and more deeply notched; inter-radial plates each with triangular anterior projection; radial plates undulating anteriorly. Gut filled with sediment. Stone canal and madreporite not detected. Polian vesicle single,
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<quantity id="58159B5A3850D7703D56D840B05CFBE4" box="[1058,1126,1114,1139]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
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, saccular. Respiratory trees yellow, well-branched, left tree spans just over half the body length, right tree extends throughout length of body, attached to body wall, both trees originate from single stem posteriorly. Gonad large, single tuft, unbranched. Longitudinal muscles thick, paired, appear cylindrical.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9F5236BF3850D77039B3D8F0B0A5F9B5" blockId="3.[151,1437,646,2003]" pageId="3" pageNumber="44">Ossicles only present in tentacles, tube feet, respiratory trees and gonad. Tentacles with straight or slightly curved rods (124–220 µm), usually with smooth margins or sometimes adorned with few spines, extremities may be branched, toothed, truncate, rarely perforate. Tube feet rods similar in form but smaller (98–152 µm) and with greater curvature due to their concentric arrangement within each podium. Respiratory trees with very small (74– 92 µm), usually x-shaped rods formed from dichotomously branching arms which may sometimes branch more than twice, rods thickened centrally, usually before branching of arms. Arms taper into extremities forming sharp, pointed ends which may be adorned with one or two spinelets. Gonad with small y-shaped or straight rods, variable in size (32–84 µm), centrally thickened, arms tapering into extremities forming sharp, pointed ends; often as c- or s-shaped bodies, sometimes irregularly branched, also present. Pygal lobes without ossicles.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<emphasis id="AD99EAAD3850D77039B3DA34B55AF9D1" bold="true" box="[199,352,1582,1607]" pageId="3" pageNumber="44">Distribution.</emphasis>
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South and west coasts of
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<collectingCountry id="E7FA762F3850D7703BF7DA34B72FF9D1" box="[643,789,1582,1607]" name="South Africa" pageId="3" pageNumber="44">South Africa</collectingCountry>
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,
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|
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186–
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<specimenCount id="89EBFD363850D7703A2DDA34B799F9D0" box="[857,931,1582,1607]" pageId="3" pageNumber="44" type="generic">368 m</specimenCount>
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</quantity>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D7F765343850D77039B3DA48B740F941" pageId="3" pageNumber="44" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="9F5236BF3850D77039B3DA48B740F941" blockId="3.[151,1437,646,2003]" pageId="3" pageNumber="44">
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<emphasis id="AD99EAAD3850D77039B3DA48B50EF9FD" bold="true" box="[199,308,1618,1643]" pageId="3" pageNumber="44">Remarks</emphasis>
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||
. The most comprehensive revision of pygal-furrowed synallactids is by
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||
<bibRefCitation id="FB7C4B4E3850D7703DF3DA48B4DEF919" pageId="3" pageNumber="44" refString="O'Loughlin, P. M. & Ahearn, C. (2005) A review of pygal-furrowed Synallactidae (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea), with new species from the Antarctic, Atlantic and Pacific oceans. Memoirs of Museum Victoria, 62 (2), 147 - 179." type="journal article">O’Loughlin and Ahearn (2005)</bibRefCitation>
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||
. In this revision, the authors described new species, presented new combinations and provided a wellconstructed key to the group (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FB7C4B4E3850D770389FDA80B6AAF925" author="Thandar" box="[491,656,1690,1715]" pageId="3" pageNumber="44" refString="Thandar, A. S. (2009) New species and a new record of sea cucumbers from the deep waters of the South African temperate region (Echinodermata: Holothuridea). Zootaxa, 2013, 30 - 42." type="journal article" year="2009">Thandar 2009</bibRefCitation>
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||
). According to Thandar this species comes close to
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<taxonomicName id="58ED4D3C3850D7703D94DA80B530F941" class="Holothuroidea" family="Synallactidae" genus="Pseudostichopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="3" pageNumber="44" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="occultatus">
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||
<emphasis id="AD99EAAD3850D7703D94DA80B530F941" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="44">Pseudostichopus occultatus</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
von Marenzeller, 1893 and
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||
<taxonomicName id="58ED4D3C3850D7703B30DAA5B74DF941" authority="Sluiter, 1901" authorityName="Sluiter" authorityYear="1901" box="[580,887,1726,1751]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Synallactidae" genus="Pseudostichopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="3" pageNumber="44" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="peripatus">
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||
<emphasis id="AD99EAAD3850D7703B30DAA5B6F3F940" box="[580,713,1727,1750]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="44">P. peripatus</emphasis>
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||
(Sluiter, 1901)
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D7F765343850D77639B3DAFEB741FD31" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="3" pageNumber="44" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="9F5236BF3850D77039B3DAFEB0BEF845" blockId="3.[151,1437,646,2003]" pageId="3" pageNumber="44">
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<taxonomicName id="58ED4D3C3850D77039B3DAFEB56CF96D" box="[199,342,1762,1787]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Synallactidae" genus="Pseudostichopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="3" pageNumber="44" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="occultatus">
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<emphasis id="AD99EAAD3850D77039B3DAFEB56CF96D" box="[199,342,1762,1787]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="44">P. occultatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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occurs in the Mediterranean Sea at depths of
|
||
<quantity id="58159B5A3850D7703A2EDAF8B7D2F96C" box="[858,1000,1762,1787]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.3" metricValueMax="14.45" metricValueMin="4.15" pageId="3" pageNumber="44" unit="m" value="930.0" valueMax="1445.0" valueMin="415.0">415–1445 m</quantity>
|
||
and in the north Atlantic, off the coast of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E7FA762F3850D77039C2DB1CB4C3F889" box="[182,249,1798,1823]" name="Spain" pageId="3" pageNumber="44">Spain</collectingCountry>
|
||
, at depths of
|
||
<quantity id="58159B5A3850D77038E6DB1CB62FF888" box="[402,533,1798,1823]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.365" metricValueMax="5.1" metricValueMin="3.63" pageId="3" pageNumber="44" unit="m" value="436.5" valueMax="510.0" valueMin="363.0">
|
||
363–
|
||
<specimenCount id="89EBFD363850D77038BDDB1CB62FF888" box="[457,533,1798,1823]" pageId="3" pageNumber="44" type="generic">510 m</specimenCount>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
. The specimens in the current collection, as well as those described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FB7C4B4E3850D7703C4BDB1CB4DEF8D5" author="Thandar" pageId="3" pageNumber="44" refString="Thandar, A. S. (2009) New species and a new record of sea cucumbers from the deep waters of the South African temperate region (Echinodermata: Holothuridea). Zootaxa, 2013, 30 - 42." type="journal article" year="2009">Thandar (2009)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, have not been recorded at depths greater than
|
||
<quantity id="58159B5A3850D7703A74DB30B770F8D4" box="[768,842,1834,1859]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6799999999999997" pageId="3" pageNumber="44" unit="m" value="368.0">368 m</quantity>
|
||
, thus excluding them from the bathymetric range of the Mediterranean species while reaching the lower limit of the bathymetric range of the north Atlantic species. There are, however, major differences between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="58ED4D3C3850D7703BC4DB6EB705F81D" box="[688,831,1906,1931]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Synallactidae" genus="Pseudostichopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="3" pageNumber="44" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="occultatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="AD99EAAD3850D7703BC4DB6EB705F81D" box="[688,831,1906,1931]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="44">P. occultatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and the current species in that no ossicles are present in the pygal lobes, nor any sponge spicule encrustations, absence of body epibiotes, as described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FB7C4B4E3850D7703C6CDB8CB4DEF845" pageId="3" pageNumber="44" refString="O'Loughlin, P. M. (2002) Report on selected species of Banzare and Anare holothuroidea, with reviews of Meseres Ludwig and Heterocucumis Panning (Echinodermata). Memoirs of Museum Victoria, 59, 297 - 325." type="journal article">O’Loughlin (2002)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, and no end-plates in the tube feet as described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FB7C4B4E3850D7703A6ADBA0B045F845" box="[798,1151,1978,2003]" pageId="3" pageNumber="44" refString="O'Loughlin, P. M. & Ahearn, C. (2005) A review of pygal-furrowed Synallactidae (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea), with new species from the Antarctic, Atlantic and Pacific oceans. Memoirs of Museum Victoria, 62 (2), 147 - 179." type="journal article">O’Loughlin and Ahearn (2005)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="9F5236BF3857D77639E3DC82B5CEFED6" blockId="4.[151,158,152,174]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1436,151,680]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="4" pageNumber="45">
|
||
\
|
||
<taxonomicName id="58ED4D3C3856D77639B3DC83B638FF26" authority="Sluiter, 1901" authorityName="Sluiter" authorityYear="1901" box="[199,514,151,176]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Synallactidae" genus="Pseudostichopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="peripatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="AD99EAAD3856D77639B3DC83B56BFF26" box="[199,337,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">P. peripatus</emphasis>
|
||
(Sluiter, 1901)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on the other hand, with its long list of synonyms, is virtually a cosmopolitan species (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FB7C4B4E3856D7763982DCA6B5A2FF42" author="Thandar" box="[246,408,188,213]" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" refString="Thandar, A. S. (2009) New species and a new record of sea cucumbers from the deep waters of the South African temperate region (Echinodermata: Holothuridea). Zootaxa, 2013, 30 - 42." type="journal article" year="2009">Thandar 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). This, together with its considerable variety of ossicles and body forms, indicates that it is a polymorphic species. It, however, differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="58ED4D3C3856D7763BC7DCFBB710FF6E" box="[691,810,223,248]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Synallactidae" genus="Pseudostichopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="langeae">
|
||
<emphasis id="AD99EAAD3856D7763BC7DCFBB710FF6E" box="[691,810,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">P. langeae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in its dorso-ventrally depressed body, serrated ventrolateral margins created by strong wrinkling and transverse creases, and different form of the gonad rods (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FB7C4B4E3856D77639E3DD3DB5D2FED6" author="O'Loughlin" box="[151,488,295,320]" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" refString="O'Loughlin, P. M. & Ahearn, C. (2005) A review of pygal-furrowed Synallactidae (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea), with new species from the Antarctic, Atlantic and Pacific oceans. Memoirs of Museum Victoria, 62 (2), 147 - 179." type="journal article" year="2005">O’Loughlin and Ahearn 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="CB9266373857D77739E3DB99B59BF84D" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/289203/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="45" targetBox="[341,1235,214,1875]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="9F5236BF3857D77739E3DB99B59BF84D" blockId="4.[151,1436,1923,2011]" pageId="4" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<emphasis id="AD99EAAD3857D77739E3DB99B528F80E" bold="true" box="[151,274,1923,1945]" pageId="4" pageNumber="45">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="58ED4D3C3857D777386CDB99B689F80F" authority="Thandar, 2009" authorityName="Thandar" authorityYear="2009" box="[280,691,1923,1945]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Synallactidae" genus="Pseudostichopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="4" pageNumber="45" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="langeae">
|
||
<emphasis id="AD99EAAD3857D777386CDB99B622F80F" box="[280,536,1923,1945]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="45">Pseudostichopus langeae</emphasis>
|
||
Thandar, 2009
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<accessionNumber id="80BEAB5C3857D7773BCFDB99B735F80F" box="[699,783,1923,1945]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/A31419" pageId="4" pageNumber="45" type="EnaNcbi">A31419</accessionNumber>
|
||
, A. Tentacle rods; B. X-shaped rods from respiratory trees; C. Yshaped rods from gonad; D. Tube feet rods; E. Calcareous ring; F. Specimen entire, courtesy Lara Atkinson. (Figures A-D, scale a; Figure E, scale b).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="9F5236BF3856D77639B3DD56B741FD31" blockId="5.[151,1436,151,680]" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">
|
||
The current material is identical to the
|
||
<typeStatus id="4056881D3856D7763BE4DD57B6FAFEF3" box="[656,704,333,357]" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">type</typeStatus>
|
||
described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FB7C4B4E3856D7763A12DD56B022FEF2" author="Thandar" box="[870,1048,332,357]" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" refString="Thandar, A. S. (2009) New species and a new record of sea cucumbers from the deep waters of the South African temperate region (Echinodermata: Holothuridea). Zootaxa, 2013, 30 - 42." type="journal article" year="2009">Thandar (2009)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
but with minor variations. These include the absence of broken shells, coral debris and echinoderm spines in the encrustations. While the x- and yshaped rods are present in both the respiratory and gonad, in the current specimens the former are almost exclusively confined to the respiratory trees and the latter to the gonad. Thandar’s
|
||
<typeStatus id="4056881D3856D7763D44DDA2B05AFE46" box="[1072,1120,440,464]" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">type</typeStatus>
|
||
contained a mixture of both x- and y-shaped rods in both the respiratory trees and the gonad. The ossicles of the tentacles and tube feet of the current material fall within the range mentioned by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FB7C4B4E3856D7763BAFDDE5B7B0FD8E" author="Thandar" box="[731,906,511,536]" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" refString="Thandar, A. S. (2009) New species and a new record of sea cucumbers from the deep waters of the South African temperate region (Echinodermata: Holothuridea). Zootaxa, 2013, 30 - 42." type="journal article" year="2009">Thandar (2009)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(300 Μm for tentacle rods, 200µm for tube feet deposits), however the gonad rods are noticeably smaller (120µm in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="4056881D3856D7763AA9DE3EB028FDAA" box="[989,1042,548,572]" pageId="5" pageNumber="46">type</typeStatus>
|
||
). This is the second record of this species. The depth range recorded herein increases the bathymetric range by only
|
||
<quantity id="58159B5A3856D7763D30DE5DB045FDC9" box="[1092,1151,583,608]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" unit="m" value="35.0">35 m</quantity>
|
||
and the horizontal range from off Cape Peninsula to just north of Lambert’s Bay. The coordinates recorded for
|
||
<typeStatus id="4056881D3856D7763D19DE77B0F5FD13" box="[1133,1231,621,645]" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
SAM-A28043 by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FB7C4B4E3856D77639E3DE95B57CFD3E" author="Thandar" box="[151,326,655,680]" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" refString="Thandar, A. S. (2008) Additions to the holothuroid fauna of the southern African temperate faunistic provinces, with descriptions of new species. Zootaxa, 1697, 1 - 57." type="journal article" year="2008">Thandar (2008)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
is inaccurate and should read
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="FAD950783856D7763BEDDE8AB73AFD3E" box="[665,768,655,680]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" precision="925" value="-34.766666">34° 46' S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="FAD950783856D7763A79DE8AB74DFD31" box="[781,887,656,680]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="46" precision="925" value="18.633333">17° 98' E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |