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<document id="511932A563E565CE3920373973FF2BEA" ID-CLB-Dataset="21452" ID-DOI="10.5252/geodiversitas2020v42a18" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a498fa04-36a2-403f-9014-d3f75231e5e1" ID-ISSN="1638-9395" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3952805" ID-ZooBank="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:030C3660-4FC5-4C68-BD56-226860C8FD1C" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1595266907065" checkinUser="valdenar" docAuthor="Fournier, Morgane, Ladevèze, Sandrine, Verger, Kévin Le, Fischer, Valentin, Speijer, Robert P. &amp; Solé, Floréal" docDate="2020" docId="17167930FFAEFFCAFBA8FC11C56B9AAE" docLanguage="en" docName="GEODIVERSITAS.42.18.305-325.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Geodiversitas 42 (18)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:F830B10FF475E64C1F1601E3B32DDC00.4:Geodiversitas.2018-.journal_article" docStyleId="F830B10FF475E64C1F1601E3B32DDC00" docStyleName="Geodiversitas.2018-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Morphotype 4" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="316" masterDocId="EB2F0148FFA5FFC7FFB5FFE7C663985F" masterDocTitle="On the morphology of the astragalus and calcaneus of the amphicyonids (Carnivora, Mammalia) from the Paleogene of Europe: implications for the ecology of the European bear-dogs" masterLastPageNumber="325" masterPageNumber="305" pageNumber="314" updateTime="1698843722547" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC0-1.0">
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<mods:title id="A7DD0DB7170FCE1B5B4DDDA5B4B14CE4">On the morphology of the astragalus and calcaneus of the amphicyonids (Carnivora, Mammalia) from the Paleogene of Europe: implications for the ecology of the European bear-dogs</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="433AF3BC6CC8266EB16F5A9BEC2EBFE8">Fournier, Morgane</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="369DA49AC613F5D6517DA03C562B4379">CR 2 P (CNRS, MNHN, Sorbonne Université), Département Origines et Évolution, Muséum national dHistoire naturelle, case postale 38, 57 rue Cuvier, F- 75231 Paris cedex 05 (France)</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="EB7194778E5555E9F422A6C9FBFCD240">Ladevèze, Sandrine</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="142FF91D78FC5360829668427C7674C2">CR 2 P (CNRS, MNHN, Sorbonne Université), Département Origines et Évolution, Muséum national dHistoire naturelle, case postale 38, 57 rue Cuvier, F- 75231 Paris cedex 05 (France)</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="3FD8292D29A45319F7A9A2176458C584">Verger, Kévin Le</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="B75B75B872105BC7D7FE54FC4B0C486D">CR 2 P (CNRS, MNHN, Sorbonne Université), Département Origines et Évolution, Muséum national dHistoire naturelle, case postale 38, 57 rue Cuvier, F- 75231 Paris cedex 05 (France)</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="96398988DE4E723EFE4A1165A9480115">Fischer, Valentin</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="B8EDDBC748EBE3F368E5E5647B22955B">Evolution &amp; Diversity Dynamics Lab, Université de Liège (ULiège), Quartier Agora, Bâtiment B 18, Allée du six août, 14, 4000 Liège (Belgium)</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="C03D395AD101C1E12BC19C2011183101">Speijer, Robert P.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="0EF3909C541C2E59DBF663D820227B71">KU Leuven, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Celestijnenlaan 200 E, B- 3001 Leuven-Heverlee (Belgium)</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="227333710CBA4E2CCEFB06A81065117A">Solé, Floréal</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="D680EC04D15577AC36B894022304D571">Directorate Earth and History of Life, Palaeobiosphere Evolution Research Unit, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Rue Vautier 29, B- 1000 Brussels (Belgium)</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="3FC509A9FEC6102B75F177366395C7E3">Geodiversitas</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="013DFE243EB1143F69CCE791DE4EA7EA">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="FA37ADA05579EF9BC25C314A9D506376">2020-07-16</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="DD4484F5C7E620E51FF54BE66623B2CD">42</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="1613FCA050E6F50371274E351A0A2BB9" type="DOI">10.5252/geodiversitas2020v42a18</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="17167930FFAEFFCAFBA8FC11C56B9AAE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4329653" ID-GBIF-Taxon="165843304" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4329653" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:17167930FFAEFFCAFBA8FC11C56B9AAE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/17167930FFAEFFCAFBA8FC11C56B9AAE" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="316" pageId="11" pageNumber="314">
<subSubSection id="D7A59BADFFAEFFCCFBA8FC11C2CD9C6E" pageId="11" pageNumber="314" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="9F00C826FFAEFFCCFBA8FC11C2CD9C6E" blockId="11.[1053,1215,1014,1073]" pageId="11" pageNumber="314">
<heading id="C4487F4AFFAEFFCCFBA8FC11C2DC9C4E" box="[1053,1215,1014,1041]" pageId="11" pageNumber="314">
<taxonomicName id="58BFB3A5FFAEFFCCFBA8FC11C2DC9C4E" box="[1053,1215,1014,1041]" class="Mammalia" family="Amphicyonidae" genus="Morphotype 4" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="11" pageNumber="314" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Morphotype 4</taxonomicName>
</heading>
(
<figureCitation id="0784D4A3FFAEFFCCFB8DFBF1C21B9C6F" box="[1080,1144,1046,1072]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="11.[132,143,1940,1957]" captionText="FIG. 3. — Astragali of undetermined amphicyonids from the Quercy (France; Priabonian-Chattian, MP18-MP30): A-E, Morphotype 1, MNHN.F.Qu10038, left astragalus (reversed views): A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, lateral view; D, distal view; E, proximal view; F-J, Morphotype 2, KUL.PLV1542_8, right astragalus: F, dorsal view; G, ventral view; H, lateral view; I, distal view; J, proximal view; K-O, Morphotype 3, MNHN.F.Qu9758, left astragalus (reversed views); K, dorsal view; L, ventral view; M, lateral view; N, distal view; O, proximal view; P-T, Morphotype 4, MNHN.F.Qu10039, right astragalus: P, dorsal view; Q, ventral view;" pageId="11" pageNumber="314">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
P-T)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D7A59BADFFAEFFCAFC98FBB1C56B9AAE" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="316" pageId="11" pageNumber="314" type="description">
<paragraph id="9F00C826FFAEFFCCFC98FBB1C5CF9C2F" blockId="11.[813,1456,1110,1487]" box="[813,940,1110,1136]" pageId="11" pageNumber="314">
<emphasis id="ADCB1434FFAEFFCCFC98FBB1C5CF9C2F" box="[813,940,1110,1136]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="314">Dorsal view</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9F00C826FFAEFFCCFC98FB91C22C9D90" blockId="11.[813,1456,1110,1487]" pageId="11" pageNumber="314">
The trochlea is shallow. The medial and lateral lips are more or less parallel to each other, but of different proximodistal lengths, and have a distal edge of the medial lip that is more proximal than the lateral lip. The proximal plantar tuberosity is a little broader than in Morphotype 3. The neck is longer than in Morphotype 3. The head is quite large and a little projected on the medial side. It has more pronounced edges than in Morphotype 3 and extends much less on the neck of the medial side of the
<emphasis id="ADCB1434FFAEFFCCFB34FA92C28A9DD0" box="[1153,1257,1397,1423]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="314">astragalus</emphasis>
. The medial edge of the head is well separated from the distal edge of the medial lip of the trochlea.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9F00C826FFAEFFCCFC98FA12C5D19E51" blockId="11.[813,1456,1525,1711]" box="[813,946,1525,1551]" pageId="11" pageNumber="314">
<emphasis id="ADCB1434FFAEFFCCFC98FA12C5D19E51" box="[813,946,1525,1551]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="314">Ventral view</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9F00C826FFAEFFCCFC98F9F3C5EE9EF0" blockId="11.[813,1456,1525,1711]" pageId="11" pageNumber="314">The medial and lateral edges of the ectal facet have a strong curvature. The sustentacular facet has a rhomboidal area. Its edges are well pronounced. This facet is slightly convex except on its proximomedial extension, where it becomes concave.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9F00C826FFAEFFCCFC98F933C5D29EB1" blockId="11.[813,1456,1748,1870]" box="[813,945,1748,1774]" pageId="11" pageNumber="314">
<emphasis id="ADCB1434FFAEFFCCFC98F933C5D29EB1" box="[813,945,1748,1774]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="314">Lateral view</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9F00C826FFAEFFCCFC98F913C3089F11" blockId="11.[813,1456,1748,1870]" pageId="11" pageNumber="314">The proximomedial edge of the fibular facet is less rounded than in Morphotype 3 and therefore displays a somewhat rectangular shape. The ectal facet is sharply convex.</paragraph>
<caption id="CBC098AEFFAEFFCCFF31F873C3D29FB6" pageId="11" pageNumber="314">
<paragraph id="9F00C826FFAEFFCCFF31F873C3D29FB6" blockId="11.[132,1457,1940,2025]" pageId="11" pageNumber="314">
FIG. 3. — Astragali of undetermined amphicyonids from the Quercy (France; Priabonian-Chattian, MP18-MP30):
<emphasis id="ADCB1434FFAEFFCCFB92F873C2249FFA" bold="true" box="[1063,1095,1940,1957]" pageId="11" pageNumber="314">A -E</emphasis>
, Morphotype 1, MNHN.F.Qu10038, left astragalus (reversed views):
<emphasis id="ADCB1434FFAEFFCCFEE8F84DC7099FE4" bold="true" box="[349,362,1962,1979]" pageId="11" pageNumber="314">A</emphasis>
, dorsal view;
<emphasis id="ADCB1434FFAEFFCCFE68F84DC7899FE4" bold="true" box="[477,490,1962,1979]" pageId="11" pageNumber="314">B</emphasis>
, ventral view;
<emphasis id="ADCB1434FFAEFFCCFDD7F84DC4139FE4" bold="true" box="[610,624,1962,1979]" pageId="11" pageNumber="314">C</emphasis>
, lateral view;
<emphasis id="ADCB1434FFAEFFCCFD57F84DC4939FE4" bold="true" box="[738,752,1962,1979]" pageId="11" pageNumber="314">D</emphasis>
, distal view;
<emphasis id="ADCB1434FFAEFFCCFCE9F84DC50B9FE4" bold="true" box="[860,872,1962,1979]" pageId="11" pageNumber="314">E</emphasis>
, proximal view;
<emphasis id="ADCB1434FFAEFFCCFC5AF84DC26F9FE4" bold="true" box="[1007,1036,1962,1979]" pageId="11" pageNumber="314">F -J</emphasis>
, Morphotype 2, KUL.PLV1542_8, right astragalus:
<emphasis id="ADCB1434FFAEFFCCFF31F826C6EC9F8D" bold="true" box="[132,143,1985,2002]" pageId="11" pageNumber="314">F</emphasis>
, dorsal view;
<emphasis id="ADCB1434FFAEFFCCFEB6F826C7729F8D" bold="true" box="[259,273,1985,2002]" pageId="11" pageNumber="314">G</emphasis>
, ventral view;
<emphasis id="ADCB1434FFAEFFCCFE3FF826C7FB9F8D" bold="true" box="[394,408,1985,2002]" pageId="11" pageNumber="314">H</emphasis>
, lateral view;
<emphasis id="ADCB1434FFAEFFCCFDBFF826C4739F8D" bold="true" box="[522,528,1985,2002]" pageId="11" pageNumber="314">I</emphasis>
, distal view;
<emphasis id="ADCB1434FFAEFFCCFDC8F826C4E49F8D" bold="true" box="[637,647,1985,2002]" pageId="11" pageNumber="314">J</emphasis>
, proximal view;
<emphasis id="ADCB1434FFAEFFCCFCBAF826C5509F8D" bold="true" box="[783,819,1985,2002]" pageId="11" pageNumber="314">K -O</emphasis>
, Morphotype 3, MNHN.F.Qu9758, left astragalus (reversed views);
<emphasis id="ADCB1434FFAEFFCCFAD1F826C3129F8D" bold="true" box="[1380,1393,1985,2002]" pageId="11" pageNumber="314">K</emphasis>
, dorsal view;
<emphasis id="ADCB1434FFAEFFCCFF00F83FC6A39FB6" bold="true" box="[181,192,2008,2025]" pageId="11" pageNumber="314">L</emphasis>
, ventral view;
<emphasis id="ADCB1434FFAEFFCCFE8CF83FC7299FB6" bold="true" box="[313,330,2008,2025]" pageId="11" pageNumber="314">M</emphasis>
, lateral view;
<emphasis id="ADCB1434FFAEFFCCFE08F83FC7A89FB6" bold="true" box="[445,459,2008,2025]" pageId="11" pageNumber="314">N</emphasis>
, distal view;
<emphasis id="ADCB1434FFAEFFCCFD8CF83FC42B9FB6" bold="true" box="[569,584,2008,2025]" pageId="11" pageNumber="314">O</emphasis>
, proximal view;
<emphasis id="ADCB1434FFAEFFCCFD65F83FC48C9FB6" bold="true" box="[720,751,2008,2025]" pageId="11" pageNumber="314">P -T</emphasis>
, Morphotype 4, MNHN.F.Qu10039, right astragalus:
<emphasis id="ADCB1434FFAEFFCCFB19F83FC2DB9FB6" bold="true" box="[1196,1208,2008,2025]" pageId="11" pageNumber="314">P</emphasis>
, dorsal view;
<emphasis id="ADCB1434FFAEFFCCFA98F83FC35F9FB6" bold="true" box="[1325,1340,2008,2025]" pageId="11" pageNumber="314">Q</emphasis>
, ventral view;
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="9F00C826FFA9FFCBFEDAFF17C2C09F5F" pageId="12" pageNumber="315">
ll ml A B ppt tr sf n sit C D ef lp ff E h ptg F G H I J K L P Q f M N O
<collectionCode id="F9AE50E3FFA9FFCBFC21F9EBC5C59E7A" box="[916,934,1548,1573]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="12" pageNumber="315">R</collectionCode>
S
<collectionCode id="F9AE50E3FFA9FFCBFB21F900C2C09F5F" box="[1172,1187,1767,1792]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="12" pageNumber="315">T</collectionCode>
</paragraph>
<caption id="CBC098AEFFA9FFCBFF31F826C35D9FB6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3952811" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3952811" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3952811/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="315" startId="12.[132,145,1985,2002]" subCaptionStartIDs="12.[526,644,1985,2002]" subCaptionStarts="Abbr" targetBox="[161,1426,213,1945]" targetPageId="12">
<paragraph id="9F00C826FFA9FFCBFF31F826C35D9FB6" blockId="12.[132,1456,1985,2025]" pageId="12" pageNumber="315">
<emphasis id="ADCB1434FFA9FFCBFF31F826C6F29F8D" bold="true" box="[132,145,1985,2002]" pageId="12" pageNumber="315">R</emphasis>
, lateral view;
<emphasis id="ADCB1434FFA9FFCBFEB6F826C76C9F8D" bold="true" box="[259,271,1985,2002]" pageId="12" pageNumber="315">S</emphasis>
, distal view;
<emphasis id="ADCB1434FFA9FFCBFECEF826C7E59F8D" bold="true" box="[379,390,1985,2002]" pageId="12" pageNumber="315">T</emphasis>
, proximal view. Abbreviations:
<emphasis id="ADCB1434FFA9FFCBFD3EF826C4FF9F8D" bold="true" box="[651,668,1985,2002]" pageId="12" pageNumber="315">ef</emphasis>
, ectal facet;
<emphasis id="ADCB1434FFA9FFCBFCB2F826C56E9F8D" bold="true" box="[775,781,1985,2002]" pageId="12" pageNumber="315">f</emphasis>
, foramen;
<emphasis id="ADCB1434FFA9FFCBFCD3F826C5119F8D" bold="true" box="[870,882,1985,2002]" pageId="12" pageNumber="315">ff</emphasis>
, fibular facet;
<emphasis id="ADCB1434FFA9FFCBFC5CF826C5979F8D" bold="true" box="[1001,1012,1985,2002]" pageId="12" pageNumber="315">h</emphasis>
, head;
<emphasis id="ADCB1434FFA9FFCBFB87F826C25F9F8D" bold="true" box="[1074,1084,1985,2002]" pageId="12" pageNumber="315">ll</emphasis>
, lateral lip;
<emphasis id="ADCB1434FFA9FFCBFB2EF826C2C89F8D" bold="true" box="[1179,1195,1985,2002]" pageId="12" pageNumber="315">lp</emphasis>
, lateral process;
<emphasis id="ADCB1434FFA9FFCBFA8FF826C3339F8D" bold="true" box="[1338,1360,1985,2002]" pageId="12" pageNumber="315">ml</emphasis>
, medial lip;
<emphasis id="ADCB1434FFA9FFCBFF31F83FC6EC9FB6" bold="true" box="[132,143,2008,2025]" pageId="12" pageNumber="315">n</emphasis>
, neck;
<emphasis id="ADCB1434FFA9FFCBFF79F83FC68A9FB6" bold="true" box="[204,233,2008,2025]" pageId="12" pageNumber="315">ppt</emphasis>
, proximal plantar tuberosity;
<emphasis id="ADCB1434FFA9FFCBFE68F83FC7999FB6" bold="true" box="[477,506,2008,2025]" pageId="12" pageNumber="315">ptg</emphasis>
, plantar tendon groove;
<emphasis id="ADCB1434FFA9FFCBFD7DF83FC4BB9FB6" bold="true" box="[712,728,2008,2025]" pageId="12" pageNumber="315">sf</emphasis>
, sustentacular facet;
<emphasis id="ADCB1434FFA9FFCBFC3EF83FC5C39FB6" bold="true" box="[907,928,2008,2025]" pageId="12" pageNumber="315">sit</emphasis>
, sinus of the tarsus;
<emphasis id="ADCB1434FFA9FFCBFBFBF83FC23F9FB6" bold="true" box="[1102,1116,2008,2025]" pageId="12" pageNumber="315">tr</emphasis>
, trochlea. Scale bar:
<quantity id="584765C3FFA9FFCBFABBF83FC3599FB6" box="[1294,1338,2008,2025]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="315" unit="cm" value="1.0">1 cm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="9F00C826FFA8FFCAFF31FF3EC69998AC" blockId="13.[132,775,217,308]" box="[132,250,217,243]" pageId="13" pageNumber="316">
<emphasis id="ADCB1434FFA8FFCAFF31FF3EC69998AC" box="[132,250,217,243]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="316">Distal view</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9F00C826FFA8FFCAFF31FF1EC566996C" blockId="13.[132,775,217,308]" pageId="13" pageNumber="316">The axis of elongation of the head is along the mediolateral axis of the astragalus. The lateral process is very little broad.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9F00C826FFA8FFCAFF31FEBEC779992D" blockId="13.[132,775,345,498]" box="[132,282,345,371]" pageId="13" pageNumber="316">
<emphasis id="ADCB1434FFA8FFCAFF31FEBEC779992D" box="[132,282,345,371]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="316">Proximal view</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9F00C826FFA8FFCAFF31FE9EC45099AD" blockId="13.[132,775,345,498]" pageId="13" pageNumber="316">The trochlear foramen is absent. The proximoventral edge of the medial lip of the trochlea forms a ventral tip. The plantar tendon groove is well marked, very inclined relative to the axis of the trochlea, and well excavated.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9F00C826FFA8FFCAFF31FDF0C7C09A70" blockId="13.[132,776,535,754]" box="[132,419,535,561]" pageId="13" pageNumber="316">CALCANEUS DESCRIPTIONS</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9F00C826FFA8FFCAFF31FDDEC56B9AAE" blockId="13.[132,776,535,754]" pageId="13" pageNumber="316">
For all morphotypes, the medial process of the
<emphasis id="ADCB1434FFA8FFCAFDCDFDDFC5649A0D" box="[632,775,568,594]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="316">tuber calcanei</emphasis>
is proximally longer than the lateral process. A groove on the proximal surface of the
<emphasis id="ADCB1434FFA8FFCAFECAFD9FC46D9ACD" box="[383,526,632,658]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="316">tuber calcanei</emphasis>
, positioned rather ventrally, is clearly visible. The cuboid facet is larger mediolaterally than proximodistally. Three different morphotypes have been determined based on differences in size and morphology.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>