300 lines
40 KiB
XML
300 lines
40 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="7C2C10AE2964D5D2BB59F327DB19404D">Mycale species of the tropical Indo-West Pacific (Porifera, Demospongiae, Poecilosclerida)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="B8A2D34BAD65A40CF093A71D45B1ED11" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="D15CCA001F8D5B446E40D8ECF8DC53C1">Van, Rob W. M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="1BEA4E4065D4BF73695940074FA8B8A3">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="CAC89E5C761CB17D58430D58AA2CCDE5">Aryasari, Ratih</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="0A0094536C93AEC09862398BFAB0FC34">De, Nicole J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="C5F917C6C37DA955A313E5048828E375" type="email">rob.vansoest@naturalis.nl</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="7B38514CA63F9E1EC1118B9599AD40B2">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="86806B4A3C782531BB261F997F694394">
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<mods:date id="CC8C521671AEA93CFB418DB029480453">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="E47A06E54F55B196E127A23CB5E0DF1F">2021-01-19</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="5DD69BC41A49353F668AF42F3B6AD3FD">4912</mods:number>
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<treatment id="361087A7FF6DFF0955ABFB6B50A0CA80" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4464423" ID-GBIF-Taxon="177132473" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4464423" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:361087A7FF6DFF0955ABFB6B50A0CA80" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/361087A7FF6DFF0955ABFB6B50A0CA80" lastPageId="169" lastPageNumber="170" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">
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<subSubSection id="F6A3653AFF6DFF0855ABFB6B52E6C9FC" box="[151,652,1230,1257]" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF6DFF0855ABFB6B52E6C9FC" blockId="168.[151,652,1230,1293]" box="[151,652,1230,1257]" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">
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<heading id="E54E81DDFF6DFF0855ABFB6B52E6C9FC" bold="true" box="[151,652,1230,1257]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" reason="4">
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<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF6DFF0855ABFB6B52E6C9FC" bold="true" box="[151,652,1230,1257]" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">
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<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF6DFF0855ABFB6B5245C9FC" ID-CoL="86X5G" authority="Van & Aryasari & De, 2021" authorityName="Van & Aryasari & De" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,559,1230,1257]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sceptroides" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Paresperella">
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<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF6DFF0855ABFB6B5245C9FC" bold="true" box="[151,559,1230,1257]" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">Mycale (Paresperella) sceptroides</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="97FE57D8FF6DFF08570AFB6A52E6C9FC" box="[566,652,1231,1257]" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" rank="species">sp.nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="F6A3653AFF6DFF0855ABFB565111C818" box="[151,379,1267,1293]" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" type="description">
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<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF6DFF0855ABFB565111C818" blockId="168.[151,652,1230,1293]" box="[151,379,1267,1293]" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">
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<figureCitation id="26822A34FF6DFF0855ABFB565092C818" box="[151,248,1267,1293]" captionStart="FIGURE 110" captionStartId="169.[151,250,1161,1185]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1137]" captionTargetId="figure-19@169.[151,1435,181,1137]" captionTargetPageId="169" captionText="FIGURE 110. Mycale (Paresperella) sceptroides sp.nov., holotype ZMA Por. 01739, from Indonesia, a, preserved habitus (scale bar = 1 cm), b, light microscopical image of the ectosomal skeleton, c, light microscopical image of the spicules." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451201" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4451201/files/figure.png" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">Figs 110</figureCitation>
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a–c, 111a–e
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F6A3653AFF6DFF0855ABFA925301C85A" box="[151,875,1335,1359]" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF6DFF0855ABFA925301C85A" blockId="168.[151,875,1335,1359]" box="[151,875,1335,1359]" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="9EA9119FFF6DFF0855ABFA925301C85A" box="[151,875,1335,1359]" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">
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<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF6DFF0855ABFA925113C85A" ID-CoL="85KLN" authority="" authorityName="Dendy" authorityYear="1905" box="[151,377,1335,1359]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" phylum="Porifera" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Paresperella">
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<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF6DFF0855ABFA925113C85A" box="[151,377,1335,1359]" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">Mycale (Paresperella)</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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spec.
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<treatmentCitation id="3F1810A0FF6DFF085485FA9D5281C85A" author="Van Soest, R. W. M. & Hajdu, E." box="[441,747,1335,1359]" page="684" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" year="2002">
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<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FF6DFF085485FA9D5281C85A" author="Van Soest, R. W. M. & Hajdu, E." box="[441,747,1335,1359]" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" pagination="1905" refId="ref137824" refString="Van Soest, R. W. M. & Hajdu, E. (2002) Family Mycalidae Lundbeck, 1905. In: Hooper, J. N. A. & Van Soest, R. W. M. (Eds.), Systema Porifera. A guide to the classification of sponges. Vol. 1. Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publishers, New York, Boston, Dordrecht, London, Moscow, pp. 669 - 690. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 1 - 4615 - 0747 - 5" type="book chapter" year="2002">Van Soest & Hajdu 2002: 684</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, figs 11B–F.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F6A3653AFF6DFF0855ABFAD850BDC8CA" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF6DFF0855ABFAD850BDC8CA" blockId="168.[151,1437,1405,2008]" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">
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<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF6DFF0855ABFAD85111C882" bold="true" box="[151,379,1405,1431]" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">Material examined</emphasis>
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.
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<materialsCitation id="0ED13CECFF6DFF0854B7FAD850BDC8CA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3026466432" collectingDate="1900-02-22" collectionCode="ZMA" collectorName="Siboga Expedition" country="Indonesia" elevation="83" latitude="-6.6083" location="Northwest of Pulau Sabi" longLatPrecision="55" longitude="114.925" municipality="Sea" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Jawa Timur" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="61028813FF6DFF0854B7FAD85199C882" box="[395,499,1405,1431]" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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<collectionCode id="D8A8AE74FF6DFF0854C1FADB5250C88D" box="[509,570,1406,1432]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a65z-wv6r" name="Universiteit van Amsterdam, Zoologisch Museum" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">ZMA</collectionCode>
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Por. 01739,
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<collectingCountry id="C6AE7621FF6DFF0857F2FAD85354C882" box="[718,830,1405,1431]" name="Indonesia" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="7C7DF853FF6DFF085676FADB53EFC88D" box="[842,901,1406,1432]" country="Indonesia" name="Jawa Timur" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">Jawa</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="7C7DF853FF6DFF0856AEFADB53A0C88D" box="[914,970,1406,1432]" country="Indonesia" name="Jawa Timur" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">Jawa</collectingRegion>
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<collectingMunicipality id="5E62ACCBFF6DFF0856EFFAD85394C882" box="[979,1022,1405,1431]" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">Sea</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<location id="BB66606AFF6DFF085130FAD8554DC882" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:361087A7FF6DFF0955ABFB6B50A0CA80:BB66606AFF6DFF085130FAD8554DC882" box="[1036,1319,1405,1431]" country="Indonesia" latitude="-6.6083" longLatPrecision="55" longitude="114.925" municipality="Sea" name="Northwest of Pulau Sabi" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" stateProvince="Jawa Timur">Northwest of Pulau Sabi</location>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="DB8D5076FF6DFF085008FAD855F6C882" box="[1332,1436,1405,1431]" degrees="6.6083" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" precision="5" value="-6.6083">6.6083°S</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="DB8D5076FF6DFF0855ABFA04517AC8A9" box="[151,272,1441,1468]" degrees="114.925" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" precision="55" value="114.925">114.925°E</geoCoordinate>
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, depth
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<quantity id="79419B54FF6DFF085455FA0451C2C8A9" box="[361,424,1441,1468]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.3" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" unit="m" value="83.0">
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<elevation id="3594D182FF6DFF085455FA0451C2C8A9" box="[361,424,1441,1468]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.3" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" unit="m" value="83.0">83 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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, muddy bottom, trawl, coll.
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<collectorName id="134C5367FF6DFF0857C5FA0453A7C8AE" box="[761,973,1441,1467]" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">Siboga Expedition</collectorName>
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stat. 318, field nr. SE483,
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<date id="CA071071FF6DFF08502CFA0450B8C8CA" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" value="1900-02-22">
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<collectingDate id="DA43E999FF6DFF08502CFA0450B8C8CA" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" value="1900-02-22">22 February 1900</collectingDate>
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</date>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F6A3653AFF6DFF0955FBFA4C5490C88B" lastPageId="169" lastPageNumber="170" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" type="description">
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<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF6DFF0855FBFA4C546ECB5E" blockId="168.[151,1437,1405,2008]" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">
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<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF6DFF0855FBFA4C513BCB16" bold="true" box="[199,337,1513,1539]" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">Description</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="26822A34FF6DFF08545CFA4C51A6CB16" box="[352,460,1513,1539]" captionStart="FIGURE 110" captionStartId="169.[151,250,1161,1185]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1137]" captionTargetId="figure-19@169.[151,1435,181,1137]" captionTargetPageId="169" captionText="FIGURE 110. Mycale (Paresperella) sceptroides sp.nov., holotype ZMA Por. 01739, from Indonesia, a, preserved habitus (scale bar = 1 cm), b, light microscopical image of the ectosomal skeleton, c, light microscopical image of the spicules." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451201" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4451201/files/figure.png" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">Fig. 110a</figureCitation>
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||
). Elongate growth, collected as a detached object, but presumably attached to an unidentified branching substratum. Color in preservation red-brown. Surface smooth but slightly bumpy and grooved. No visible openings. Size about 6.5 x 3 x
|
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<quantity id="79419B54FF6DFF08577DF9945216CB59" box="[577,636,1585,1612]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" unit="cm" value="1.0">1 cm</quantity>
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. Consistency soft, easily damaged.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF6DFF0855FBF9F05211CA15" blockId="168.[151,1437,1405,2008]" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">
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<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF6DFF0855FBF9F05144CB7A" bold="true" box="[199,302,1621,1647]" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">Skeleton</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="26822A34FF6DFF08547CF9F051D8CB65" box="[320,434,1621,1648]" captionStart="FIGURE 110" captionStartId="169.[151,250,1161,1185]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1137]" captionTargetId="figure-19@169.[151,1435,181,1137]" captionTargetPageId="169" captionText="FIGURE 110. Mycale (Paresperella) sceptroides sp.nov., holotype ZMA Por. 01739, from Indonesia, a, preserved habitus (scale bar = 1 cm), b, light microscopical image of the ectosomal skeleton, c, light microscopical image of the spicules." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451201" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4451201/files/figure.png" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">Fig. 110b</figureCitation>
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). Choanosomal skeleton consisting of plumose spicule tracts,
|
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<quantity id="79419B54FF6DFF085147F9F05566CB65" box="[1147,1292,1621,1648]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" unit="mm" value="150.0" valueMax="180.0" valueMin="120.0">120–180 µm</quantity>
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||
in diameter, dividing and fanning out towards the surface into thinner tracts (
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<quantity id="79419B54FF6DFF085653F9DC5382CB81" box="[879,1000,1657,1684]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" unit="mm" value="25.0" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="20.0">20–30 µm</quantity>
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||
), which carry the tangential ectosomal skeleton. This is an aegogropila-type skeleton with intercrossing thin tracts of
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF6DFF085120F93854FBCBAD" box="[1052,1169,1693,1720]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" unit="mm" value="30.0" valueMax="40.0" valueMin="20.0">20–40 µm</quantity>
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||
diameter (3–4 spicules thick) delimiting meshes of
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF6DFF0854EAF964520CCBC9" box="[470,614,1729,1756]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" unit="mm" value="325.0" valueMax="400.0" valueMin="250.0">250–400 µm</quantity>
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||
in widest dimension. Rosettes of anisochelae I (
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF6DFF0851B7F9645495CBCE" box="[1163,1279,1729,1755]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4384" metricValueMax="2.5907999999999998" metricValueMin="2.286" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" unit="in" value="96.0" valueMax="102.0" valueMin="90.0">90–102 in</quantity>
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||
diameter) are scattered between the tracts (cf.
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF6DFF08573CF9405205CA15" box="[512,623,1765,1792]" captionStart="FIGURE 110" captionStartId="169.[151,250,1161,1185]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1137]" captionTargetId="figure-19@169.[151,1435,181,1137]" captionTargetPageId="169" captionText="FIGURE 110. Mycale (Paresperella) sceptroides sp.nov., holotype ZMA Por. 01739, from Indonesia, a, preserved habitus (scale bar = 1 cm), b, light microscopical image of the ectosomal skeleton, c, light microscopical image of the spicules." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451201" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4451201/files/figure.png" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">Fig. 110b</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF6DFF0855FBF8AC54DECA31" blockId="168.[151,1437,1405,2008]" box="[199,1204,1801,1828]" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF6DFF0855FBF8AC5143CA36" bold="true" box="[199,297,1801,1827]" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">Spicules</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF6DFF085404F8AC51C2CA36" box="[312,424,1801,1827]" captionStart="FIGURE 110" captionStartId="169.[151,250,1161,1185]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1137]" captionTargetId="figure-19@169.[151,1435,181,1137]" captionTargetPageId="169" captionText="FIGURE 110. Mycale (Paresperella) sceptroides sp.nov., holotype ZMA Por. 01739, from Indonesia, a, preserved habitus (scale bar = 1 cm), b, light microscopical image of the ectosomal skeleton, c, light microscopical image of the spicules." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451201" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4451201/files/figure.png" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">Figs 110c</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF6DFF085488F8AC51B7CA36" box="[436,477,1801,1827]" captionStart="FIGURE 111" captionStartId="170.[151,250,1867,1891]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1844]" captionTargetId="figure-26@170.[151,1435,181,1844]" captionTargetPageId="170" captionText="FIGURE 111. Mycale (Paresperella) sceptroides sp.nov., holotype ZMA Por. 01739, from Indonesia, SEM images of the spicules, a, mycalostyle, a1, details of mycalostyle, a2–a3, details of the polyaxone ending, b, anisochela I, c, anisochela II, d, serrated sigma, d1, detail of serrated sigma, e, toxa." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451205" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4451205/files/figure.png" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">111</figureCitation>
|
||
a–e). Mycalostyles, two categories of anisochelae, sigmas, toxas.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF6DFF0855FBF88851E2CA85" blockId="168.[151,1437,1405,2008]" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">
|
||
Mycalostyles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF6DFF085450F88851B3CA52" box="[364,473,1837,1863]" captionStart="FIGURE 110" captionStartId="169.[151,250,1161,1185]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1137]" captionTargetId="figure-19@169.[151,1435,181,1137]" captionTargetPageId="169" captionText="FIGURE 110. Mycale (Paresperella) sceptroides sp.nov., holotype ZMA Por. 01739, from Indonesia, a, preserved habitus (scale bar = 1 cm), b, light microscopical image of the ectosomal skeleton, c, light microscopical image of the spicules." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451201" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4451201/files/figure.png" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">Fig. 110c</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF6DFF0854D9F8885258CA52" box="[485,562,1837,1863]" captionStart="FIGURE 111" captionStartId="170.[151,250,1867,1891]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1844]" captionTargetId="figure-26@170.[151,1435,181,1844]" captionTargetPageId="170" captionText="FIGURE 111. Mycale (Paresperella) sceptroides sp.nov., holotype ZMA Por. 01739, from Indonesia, SEM images of the spicules, a, mycalostyle, a1, details of mycalostyle, a2–a3, details of the polyaxone ending, b, anisochela I, c, anisochela II, d, serrated sigma, d1, detail of serrated sigma, e, toxa." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451205" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4451205/files/figure.png" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">111a,a</figureCitation>
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF6DFF08570EF8885233CA52" box="[562,601,1837,1863]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStartId-0="6.[151,250,1177,1201]" captionStartId-1="10.[151,250,1867,1891]" captionStartId-2="11.[151,250,1859,1883]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,381,1154]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1435,181,1844]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1435,309,1835]" captionTargetId-0="figure-111@6.[151,1436,381,1154]" captionTargetId-1="figure-26@10.[151,1435,181,1844]" captionTargetId-2="figure-69@11.[151,1435,309,1835]" captionTargetPageId-0="6" captionTargetPageId-1="10" captionTargetPageId-2="11" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. A. Numbers of available specimens for the present study from the collections of the Naturalis Biodiversity Center distributed over Indo-West Pacific Marine Ecoregions (MEOWS, cf. Spalding et al. 2007). B. Ditto for type specimens and additional specimens from other institutions consulted for this study." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Mycale (Aegogropila) gravelyi Burton, 1937, ZMA Por. 07864 from Ambon Bay, Indonesia, a, habitus encrusting on coral rubble (arrows) (scale bar = 1 cm), b–f, SEM images of spicules, b, mycalostyle, b1, details of mycalostyle, c, anisochela I in side view, d, anisochela II, d1, anisochela II enlarged, e, anisochela III, e1, anisochela III enlarged, f, sigma I." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Mycale (Aegogropila) gravelyi Burton, 1937, ZMA Por. 08199 from Ambon Bay, Indonesia, a–e, SEM images of spicules, a, mycalostyle, a1, details of mycalostyle, b, anisochela I in front view, c, anisochela II, d, anisochela III, e, sigma I, f–f1, light microscopic images of ectosomal skeleton, f, overview showing aegogropila-type tangential skeleton, f1, detail showing rosettes of anisochelae I, sigmas, and anisochela II (arrow)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450932" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450934" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450938" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4450932/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4450934/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/4450938/files/figure.png" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">1–3</figureCitation>
|
||
), ‘cladotylostylote’ in shape, with elongated heads with barely constricted neck, with slightly swollen opposite ends, polyaxone with four or more rounded or spined projections, 298–
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF6DFF085073F8F455E4CA7E" box="[1359,1422,1873,1899]" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">324.3</emphasis>
|
||
– 423 x 8–
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF6DFF0855C5F8D05140CA9A" box="[249,298,1909,1935]" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">10.8</emphasis>
|
||
–
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF6DFF085406F8D051EECA85" box="[314,388,1909,1936]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" unit="mm" value="14.0">14 µm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF6DFF0855FBF83C50AECACD" blockId="168.[151,1437,1405,2008]" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">
|
||
Anisochelae I (
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF6DFF08544DF83C51B5CAA1" box="[369,479,1945,1972]" captionStart="FIGURE 111" captionStartId="170.[151,250,1867,1891]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1844]" captionTargetId="figure-26@170.[151,1435,181,1844]" captionTargetPageId="170" captionText="FIGURE 111. Mycale (Paresperella) sceptroides sp.nov., holotype ZMA Por. 01739, from Indonesia, SEM images of the spicules, a, mycalostyle, a1, details of mycalostyle, a2–a3, details of the polyaxone ending, b, anisochela I, c, anisochela II, d, serrated sigma, d1, detail of serrated sigma, e, toxa." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451205" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4451205/files/figure.png" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">Fig. 111b</figureCitation>
|
||
), well-developed, with curved shaft, free part 30–35 % of spicule length, 37–
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF6DFF08507DF83C5518CAA6" box="[1345,1394,1945,1971]" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">44.8</emphasis>
|
||
–
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF6DFF0850BDF83C50AACACD" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.7" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" unit="mm" value="57.0">57 µm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="EAC66639FF6CFF0955ABFB2C553AC9D0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451201" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4451201" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4451201/files/figure.png" pageId="169" pageNumber="170" startId="169.[151,250,1161,1185]" targetBox="[151,1435,181,1137]" targetPageId="169">
|
||
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF6CFF0955ABFB2C553AC9D0" blockId="169.[151,1436,1161,1221]" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF6CFF0955ABFB2C5142C9B4" bold="true" box="[151,296,1161,1185]" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">FIGURE 110</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF6CFF09540BFB2C52F2C9B4" authority="Van & Aryasari & De, 2021" authorityName="Van & Aryasari & De" authorityYear="2021" box="[311,664,1161,1185]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="169" pageNumber="170" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="sceptroides" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Paresperella">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF6CFF09540BFB2C52F2C9B4" box="[311,664,1161,1185]" italics="true" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">Mycale (Paresperella) sceptroides</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF6CFF09579EFB2C5287C9B4" bold="true" box="[674,749,1161,1185]" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="97FE57D8FF6CFF09579EFB2C5287C9B4" box="[674,749,1161,1185]" pageId="169" pageNumber="170" rank="species">sp.nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, holotype ZMA Por. 01739, from Indonesia, a, preserved habitus (scale bar = 1 cm), b, light microscopical image of the ectosomal skeleton, c, light microscopical image of the spicules.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF6CFF0955FBFB565541C827" blockId="169.[151,1437,1267,1941]" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">
|
||
Anisochelae II (
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF6CFF095440FB565183C81B" box="[380,489,1267,1294]" captionStart="FIGURE 111" captionStartId="170.[151,250,1867,1891]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1844]" captionTargetId="figure-26@170.[151,1435,181,1844]" captionTargetPageId="170" captionText="FIGURE 111. Mycale (Paresperella) sceptroides sp.nov., holotype ZMA Por. 01739, from Indonesia, SEM images of the spicules, a, mycalostyle, a1, details of mycalostyle, a2–a3, details of the polyaxone ending, b, anisochela I, c, anisochela II, d, serrated sigma, d1, detail of serrated sigma, e, toxa." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451205" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4451205/files/figure.png" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">Fig. 111c</figureCitation>
|
||
), well-developed, free part of the shaft 20–25% of spicule length, upper frontal alae more than 50% of spicule length, lower frontal alae with small projection on upper rim, 22–
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF6CFF0951A0FAB254A7C824" box="[1180,1229,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">26.5</emphasis>
|
||
–
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF6CFF0951E0FABD554DC827" box="[1244,1319,1304,1330]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="169" pageNumber="170" unit="mm" value="30.0">30 µm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF6CFF0955FBFA9E513AC86F" blockId="169.[151,1437,1267,1941]" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">
|
||
Sigmas (
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF6CFF095415FA9E51C5C843" box="[297,431,1339,1366]" captionStart="FIGURE 111" captionStartId="170.[151,250,1867,1891]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1844]" captionTargetId="figure-26@170.[151,1435,181,1844]" captionTargetPageId="170" captionText="FIGURE 111. Mycale (Paresperella) sceptroides sp.nov., holotype ZMA Por. 01739, from Indonesia, SEM images of the spicules, a, mycalostyle, a1, details of mycalostyle, a2–a3, details of the polyaxone ending, b, anisochela I, c, anisochela II, d, serrated sigma, d1, detail of serrated sigma, e, toxa." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451205" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4451205/files/figure.png" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">Fig. 111d,d</figureCitation>
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF6CFF095493FA9E51D3C843" box="[431,441,1339,1366]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1177,1201]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,381,1154]" captionTargetId="figure-111@6.[151,1436,381,1154]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 1. A. Numbers of available specimens for the present study from the collections of the Naturalis Biodiversity Center distributed over Indo-West Pacific Marine Ecoregions (MEOWS, cf. Spalding et al. 2007). B. Ditto for type specimens and additional specimens from other institutions consulted for this study." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4450932" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4450932/files/figure.png" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">1</figureCitation>
|
||
), narrow-shaped, asymmetrical, about
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF6CFF095650FA9953CDC843" box="[876,935,1340,1366]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="169" pageNumber="170" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 µm</quantity>
|
||
thick, with flattened spines on both endings, 63–
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF6CFF0955FDFAFA5098C86C" box="[193,242,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">68.0</emphasis>
|
||
–
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF6CFF09543DFAC55126C86F" box="[257,332,1376,1402]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.7" pageId="169" pageNumber="170" unit="mm" value="87.0">87 µm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF6CFF0955FBFA215490C88B" blockId="169.[151,1437,1267,1941]" box="[199,1274,1411,1438]" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">
|
||
Toxas (
|
||
<figureCitation id="26822A34FF6CFF095425FA2651EFC88B" box="[281,389,1411,1438]" captionStart="FIGURE 111" captionStartId="170.[151,250,1867,1891]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1844]" captionTargetId="figure-26@170.[151,1435,181,1844]" captionTargetPageId="170" captionText="FIGURE 111. Mycale (Paresperella) sceptroides sp.nov., holotype ZMA Por. 01739, from Indonesia, SEM images of the spicules, a, mycalostyle, a1, details of mycalostyle, a2–a3, details of the polyaxone ending, b, anisochela I, c, anisochela II, d, serrated sigma, d1, detail of serrated sigma, e, toxa." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4451205" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4451205/files/figure.png" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">Fig. 111e</figureCitation>
|
||
), rare, thin (about
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF6CFF095768FA2152E5C88B" box="[596,655,1412,1438]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="169" pageNumber="170" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 µm</quantity>
|
||
or less), curved gradually and widely, 19–
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF6CFF095157FA2154F6C88B" box="[1131,1180,1412,1438]" italics="true" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">23.2</emphasis>
|
||
–
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF6CFF095197FA21549CC88B" box="[1195,1270,1412,1438]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="169" pageNumber="170" unit="mm" value="28.0">28 µm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="F6A3653AFF6CFF0955FBFA0253DFC8D7" box="[199,949,1447,1474]" pageId="169" pageNumber="170" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF6CFF0955FBFA0253DFC8D7" blockId="169.[151,1437,1267,1941]" box="[199,949,1447,1474]" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF6CFF0955FBFA025184C8D7" bold="true" box="[199,494,1447,1474]" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">Distribution and ecology</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C6AE7621FF6CFF0954C7FA025201C8D4" box="[507,619,1447,1473]" name="Indonesia" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, deeper water, down to
|
||
<specimenCount id="A8BFFD38FF6CFF095649FA0D53DFC8D7" box="[885,949,1448,1474]" pageId="169" pageNumber="170" type="generic">
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF6CFF095649FA0D53DBC8D7" box="[885,945,1448,1474]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.3" pageId="169" pageNumber="170" unit="m" value="83.0">83 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="F6A3653AFF6CFF0955FBFA695494CB1C" pageId="169" pageNumber="170" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF6CFF0955FBFA695494CB1C" blockId="169.[151,1437,1267,1941]" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF6CFF0955FBFA695122C8F3" bold="true" box="[199,328,1484,1510]" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
. The name was coined by
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C6AE7621FF6CFF095744FA6E52BFC8F0" box="[632,725,1483,1509]" name="Mauritius" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">Maurice</collectingCountry>
|
||
Burton in an unpublished manuscript on the sponges collected by the Siboga Expedition. The name refers to the polyaxone scepter-like endings of the megascleres.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="F6A3653AFF6CFF0955FBF9B150A0CA80" pageId="169" pageNumber="170" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF6CFF0955FBF9B15441CB8C" blockId="169.[151,1437,1267,1941]" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF6CFF0955FBF9B1515ECB3B" bold="true" box="[199,308,1556,1582]" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
. The new species differs from other toxa-bearing
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF6CFF095652F9B65400CB38" authority="" authorityName="Dendy" authorityYear="1905" box="[878,1130,1555,1581]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="169" pageNumber="170" phylum="Porifera" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Paresperella">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF6CFF095652F9B65400CB38" box="[878,1130,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">Mycale (Paresperella)</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the region by having the toxas very small and thin, and by having ‘cladotylostylote’ megascleres. Both, Indian
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF6CFF0951A3F99D515FCB63" authority="(Carter, 1880)" baseAuthorityName="Carter" baseAuthorityYear="1880" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="169" pageNumber="170" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="serratohamata" subGenus="Paresperella">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF6CFF0951A3F99D55F6CB44" box="[1183,1436,1591,1618]" italics="true" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">M. (P.) serratohamata</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FF6CFF0955A3F9F95146CB63" author="Carter, H. J." box="[159,300,1628,1654]" pageId="169" pageNumber="170" pagination="35 - 61" refId="ref129313" refString="Carter, H. J. (1880) Report on Specimens dredged up from the Gulf of Manaar and presented to the Liverpool Free Museum by Capt. W. H. Cawne Warren. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 5, 6 (31), 35 - 61, pls. IV-VI, 129 - 156, pls. VII-VIII. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222938009458893" type="journal article" year="1880">Carter, 1880</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and East South African
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF6CFF095779F9F953E8CB63" authority="(Levi, 1963)" baseAuthorityName="Levi" baseAuthorityYear="1963" box="[581,898,1627,1654]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="169" pageNumber="170" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="toxifera" subGenus="Paresperella">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF6CFF095779F9F95285CB60" box="[581,751,1627,1654]" italics="true" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">M. (P.) toxifera</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FF6CFF0957C2F9FE5313CB63" author="Levi, C." box="[766,889,1627,1654]" pageId="169" pageNumber="170" pagination="1 - 72" refId="ref133684" refString="Levi, C. (1963) Spongiaires d'Afrique du Sud. (1) Poecilosclerides. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Afric a, 37 (1), 1 - 72, pls. I-X. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00359196309519054" type="journal article" year="1963">Lévi, 1963</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have ‘normal’ mycalostyles, without polyaxone endings, and their toxas, respectively
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF6CFF095701F9DA52ECCB8F" box="[573,646,1663,1690]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="169" pageNumber="170" unit="mm" value="50.0">50 µm</quantity>
|
||
and
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF6CFF095781F9DA532ACB8F" box="[701,832,1663,1690]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.175" metricValueMax="1.75" metricValueMin="0.6" pageId="169" pageNumber="170" unit="mm" value="117.5" valueMax="175.0" valueMin="60.0">60–175 µm</quantity>
|
||
, are distinctly larger.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF6CFF0955FBF906552CCBAB" blockId="169.[151,1437,1267,1941]" box="[199,1350,1699,1726]" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">
|
||
Australian
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF6CFF09547FF90652A8CBA8" baseAuthorityName="Von Lendenfeld" baseAuthorityYear="1888" box="[323,706,1699,1725]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="169" pageNumber="170" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="penicillium" subGenus="Paresperella">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF6CFF09547FF90652A8CBA8" box="[323,706,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">Mycale (Paresperella) penicillium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
shares the two categories of anisochelae, but lacks toxas.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BE0636B1FF6CFF0955FBF96250A0CA80" blockId="169.[151,1437,1267,1941]" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">
|
||
The South Atlantic species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="79B94D32FF6CFF095734F9625442CBF7" authority="(Levi, 1969)" baseAuthorityName="Levi" baseAuthorityYear="1969" box="[520,1064,1735,1762]" class="Demospongiae" family="Mycalidae" genus="Mycale" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="169" pageNumber="170" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="curvisigma" subGenus="Paresperella">
|
||
<emphasis id="8CCDEAA3FF6CFF095734F96253E7CBF4" box="[520,909,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">Mycale (Paresperella) curvisigma</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="DA284B40FF6CFF09569CF962544ACBF7" author="Levi, C." box="[928,1056,1735,1762]" pageId="169" pageNumber="170" pagination="952 - 973" refId="ref133734" refString="Levi, C. (1969) Spongiaires du Vema Seamount (Atlantique Sud). Bulletin du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, 41 (4), 952 - 973." type="journal article" year="1969">Lévi, 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a similar spiculation as the present species, but shapes and sizes differ: megascleres are smaller (310–325 x
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF6CFF095115F94E54EECA13" box="[1065,1156,1771,1798]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="169" pageNumber="170" unit="mm" value="6.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="5.0">5–8 µm</quantity>
|
||
), more distinctly stylote, with the pointed end bifid; the two anisochelae categories are clearly smaller (20–23 and
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF6CFF0951B2F8B55492CA3F" box="[1166,1272,1808,1834]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="9.0" pageId="169" pageNumber="170" unit="mm" value="9.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="9.0">9–10 µm</quantity>
|
||
); the toxas are shaped differently from the present species and measure
|
||
<quantity id="79419B54FF6CFF095634F8965339CA5B" box="[776,851,1843,1870]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="169" pageNumber="170" unit="mm" value="35.0">35 µm</quantity>
|
||
. Together with the distance between localities (Vema Seamount vs
|
||
<collectingRegion id="7C7DF853FF6CFF095411F8FD510FCA67" box="[301,357,1880,1906]" country="Indonesia" name="Jawa Timur" pageId="169" pageNumber="170">Jawa</collectingRegion>
|
||
Sea) we conclude that the differences are sufficient to consider both separate closely related species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |