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<document id="2D5E8142A5336E1CB64E5B962BCCAE30" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.274298" ID-GBIF-Dataset="15f26c1e-88ef-4f65-b902-73e9f32658ad" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="274298" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459856033032" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Li, Baoquan &amp; Li, Xinzheng" docDate="2008" docId="B01187F0FFB3FFDDFF7E7DA5FC28FF5A" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01778p025.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1778" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Gemmula gemmulina" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="8" masterDocId="4C28FF88FFB4FFD5FFE97D32FF80FF80" masterDocTitle="Report on the turrid genera Gemmula, Lophiotoma and Ptychosyrinx (Gastropoda: Turridae: Turrinae) from the China seas" masterLastPageNumber="25" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="8" updateTime="1698225717564" updateUser="plazi">
<mods:mods id="0EAC45441C045539A5B7F15078CA1EC1" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="05819F0877E572C1F423C548C6305589">
<mods:title id="5DCCF572B92B4C4853E101D58EB1C1D4">Report on the turrid genera Gemmula, Lophiotoma and Ptychosyrinx (Gastropoda: Turridae: Turrinae) from the China seas</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="EB399F089D23923CAEB4E85E36A71B12" type="personal">
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="75BEDC70E51C78F3404C2A38D13D88AA">Li, Baoquan</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="269AD8713398D58F7C87824E4D57E1E7" type="personal">
<mods:role id="0841E22DD2DA25CF5872D28B2F04AFE9">
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<mods:namePart id="B951DADF95951F63CCC46E868BA24D09">Li, Xinzheng</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="920D45DFECE49CCDC336A6B616B4B11F">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="8C5B77EF88EB42452063D8E79D0C283A">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="25E067BD0924C2EB9C90355F0A60F197">
<mods:date id="C37697BE31A378396F08432111759589">2008</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="403E155E78FA4E2BA6BEA543E0FB2106" type="volume">
<mods:number id="75D017CF96C5EA368034B4CC33F05739">1778</mods:number>
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<mods:extent id="C33FF48E6DE9D27C137FCDC10B14F41B" unit="page">
<mods:start id="7D626C4C596AB441F88DFD9C51F216CA">1</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="169CF27A738595E499B0E0E31E184AFB">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="6C4C1801ACE4981583C1AD33EDE507E3" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.274298</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="147BC3D9B7D0F9C429476C757BE7804E" type="GBIF-Dataset">15f26c1e-88ef-4f65-b902-73e9f32658ad</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="C61EBC3B158C3D09B82E0381C347F27F" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="957EDB8E70B6632F92380205E5AB01AB" type="Zenodo-Dep">274298</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="B01187F0FFB3FFDDFF7E7DA5FC28FF5A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6232959" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119363038" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6232959" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B01187F0FFB3FFDDFF7E7DA5FC28FF5A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B01187F0FFB3FFDDFF7E7DA5FC28FF5A" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<subSubSection id="70A2656DFFB3FFD2FF7E7DA5FED0FF54" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="380736E6FFB3FFD2FF7E7DA5FD45FF31" blockId="7.[151,709,151,212]" box="[151,709,151,177]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<heading id="634F818AFFB3FFD2FF7E7DA5FD45FF31" bold="true" box="[151,709,151,177]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" reason="1">
<emphasis id="0ACCEAF4FFB3FFD2FF7E7DA5FD45FF31" bold="true" box="[151,709,151,177]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<taxonomicName id="FFB84D65FFB3FFD2FF7E7DA5FE43FF31" ID-CoL="3FKBQ" box="[151,451,151,177]" class="Gastropoda" family="Turridae" genus="Gemmula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gemmulina">
<emphasis id="0ACCEAF4FFB3FFD2FF7E7DA5FE8EFF31" bold="true" box="[151,270,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Gemmula</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="0ACCEAF4FFB3FFD2FED37DA5FE43FF31" bold="true" box="[314,451,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">gemmulina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(von
<bibRefCitation id="5C294B17FFB3FFD2FDE07DA5FD3DFF31" author="Martens" box="[521,701,151,177]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" refString="von Martens, E. (1902) Einige neue Arten von Meer-Conchylien aus den Sammlungen der deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition. Sitzungs-Berichte der Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin, 1902, 237 - 244." type="journal article" year="1902">Martens, 1902</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="380736E6FFB3FFD2FF7E7D88FED0FF54" blockId="7.[151,709,151,212]" box="[151,336,186,212]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">(Pl. 4, figs. 6-7)</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="70A2656DFFB3FFD2FF7E7C38FAAAFEA1" box="[151,1322,266,289]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="380736E6FFB3FFD2FF7E7C38FAAAFEA1" blockId="7.[151,1322,266,289]" box="[151,1322,266,289]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="18A811C8FFB3FFD2FF7E7C38FAAAFEA1" box="[151,1322,266,289]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<taxonomicName id="FFB84D65FFB3FFD2FF7E7C38FE7BFEA1" ID-CoL="3FKBQ" box="[151,507,266,289]" class="Gastropoda" family="Turridae" genus="Gemmula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gemmulina" subGenus="Gemmula">
<emphasis id="0ACCEAF4FFB3FFD2FF7E7C38FF7FFEA1" box="[151,255,266,289]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Gemmula</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="0ACCEAF4FFB3FFD2FEE77C38FEF6FEA1" box="[270,374,266,289]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Gemmula</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="0ACCEAF4FFB3FFD2FE6C7C38FE7BFEA1" box="[389,507,266,289]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">gemmulina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
von
<treatmentCitation id="B91910F7FFB3FFD2FDD87C38FC84FEA1" author="Martens" box="[561,772,266,289]" page="238" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" year="1902">
<bibRefCitation id="5C294B17FFB3FFD2FDD87C38FD4EFEA1" author="Martens" box="[561,718,266,289]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" refString="von Martens, E. (1902) Einige neue Arten von Meer-Conchylien aus den Sammlungen der deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition. Sitzungs-Berichte der Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin, 1902, 237 - 244." type="journal article" year="1902">Martens, 1902</bibRefCitation>
: 238
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="B91910F7FFB3FFD2FCE67C38FC4DFEA1" author="Powell" box="[783,973,266,289]" page="260" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" year="1964">
<bibRefCitation id="5C294B17FFB3FFD2FCE67C38FC19FEA1" author="Powell" box="[783,921,266,289]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" refString="Powell, A. W. B. (1964) The family Turridae in the Indo-Pacific. Part 1. The subfamily Turrinae. Indo-Pacific Mollusca, 1, 227 - 346." type="journal article" year="1964">Powell 1964</bibRefCitation>
: 260
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 200, fig. 2, pl. 201, figs 1, 2.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="70A2656DFFB3FFD2FF7E7C60FA1CFE64" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="380736E6FFB3FFD2FF7E7C60FA1CFE64" blockId="7.[151,1436,338,524]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="0ACCEAF4FFB3FFD2FF7E7C60FD9EFEEC" bold="true" box="[151,542,338,364]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Material examined. Bohai Gulf</emphasis>
. 1 spm, CN H238B-7, coarse sand,
<quantity id="FF409B03FFB3FFD2FC207C60FB88FEEC" box="[969,1032,338,364]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</quantity>
,
<date id="4C061026FFB3FFD2FBFD7C60FB28FEEC" box="[1044,1192,338,364]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="1959-07-09">9. VII. 1959</date>
.
<emphasis id="0ACCEAF4FFB3FFD2FB5D7C60FABEFEEC" bold="true" box="[1204,1342,338,364]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Beibu Gulf</emphasis>
. 1 spm, CN N158B-83,
<geoCoordinate id="5D8C5021FFB3FFD2FEBE7C48FEF4FE14" box="[343,372,378,404]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" precision="925" value="18.25">18</geoCoordinate>
º15´N,
<geoCoordinate id="5D8C5021FFB3FFD2FE237C48FDBBFE14" box="[458,571,378,404]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" precision="925" value="108.75">108º45´E</geoCoordinate>
, muddy coarse sand,
<quantity id="FF409B03FFB3FFD2FCA97C48FC01FE14" box="[832,897,378,404]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="m" value="38.0">38 m</quantity>
, AT,
<date id="4C061026FFB3FFD2FC2A7C48FBDEFE14" box="[963,1118,378,404]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="1960-03-13">13. III. 1960</date>
.
<emphasis id="0ACCEAF4FFB3FFD2FB857C48FB22FE14" bold="true" box="[1132,1186,378,404]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">SCS</emphasis>
. 1 spm, CN Q101B,
<geoCoordinate id="5D8C5021FFB3FFD2FF7E7C90FF7CFE3C" box="[151,252,418,444]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" precision="925" value="23.25">23º15´N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="5D8C5021FFB3FFD2FEE07C90FEF8FE3C" box="[265,376,418,444]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" precision="925" value="117.0">117º00´E</geoCoordinate>
, sandy mud,
<quantity id="FF409B03FFB3FFD2FDFF7C90FDD5FE3C" box="[534,597,418,444]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="m" value="23.0">23 m</quantity>
, AT,
<date id="4C061026FFB3FFD2FD7A7C90FCADFE3C" box="[659,813,418,444]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="1959-11-20">20. XI. 1959</date>
; 1 spm, CN 2-42,
<geoCoordinate id="5D8C5021FFB3FFD2FBEE7C90FBA3FE3C" box="[1031,1059,418,444]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" precision="925" value="18.75">18</geoCoordinate>
º45´N,
<geoCoordinate id="5D8C5021FFB3FFD2FB907C90FB69FE3C" box="[1145,1257,418,444]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" precision="925" value="110.75">110º45´E</geoCoordinate>
, shell debris &amp; mud, 118.5 m, AT,
<date id="4C061026FFB3FFD2FE9E7CF8FE79FE64" box="[375,505,458,484]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="1959-01-25">25. I. 1959</date>
; 1 spm, CN R25B-15,
<geoCoordinate id="5D8C5021FFB3FFD2FCEA7CF8FCA0FE64" box="[771,800,458,484]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" precision="925" value="19.0">19</geoCoordinate>
º00´N,
<geoCoordinate id="5D8C5021FFB3FFD2FC9D7CF8FC64FE64" box="[884,996,458,484]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" precision="925" value="110.75">110º45´E</geoCoordinate>
, sandy mud,
<quantity id="FF409B03FFB3FFD2FB947CF8FB3CFE64" box="[1149,1212,458,484]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="m" value="80.0">80 m</quantity>
, AT,
<date id="4C061026FFB3FFD2FB1E7CF8FA18FE64" box="[1271,1432,458,484]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="1959-07-10">10. VII. 1959</date>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="70A2656DFFB3FFD2FF2F7CC0FE51FD8C" box="[198,465,498,524]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="description">
<paragraph id="380736E6FFB3FFD2FF2F7CC0FE51FD8C" blockId="7.[151,1436,338,524]" box="[198,465,498,524]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="0ACCEAF4FFB3FFD2FF2F7CC0FE51FD8C" bold="true" box="[198,465,498,524]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Measurements (mm).</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<paragraph id="380736E6FFB3FFD2FF767F1FFAB1FC99" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<table id="4AB8C446FFB3002AFF767F1FFAB2FC99" box="[159,1330,557,793]" colsContinueIn="7.[159,1331,1637,1788]" gridcols="4" gridrows="6" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<tr id="868834A4FFB3002AFF767F1FFAB2FDC4" box="[159,1330,557,580]" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<th id="C5595DD8FFB3002AFF767F1FFE42FDC4" box="[159,450,557,580]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">CN Length</th>
<th id="C5595DD8FFB3002AFD827F1FFD2CFDC4" box="[619,684,557,580]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Width</th>
<th id="C5595DD8FFB3002AFC8D7F1FFC43FDC4" box="[868,963,557,580]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Aperture</th>
<th id="C5595DD8FFB3002AFB917F1FFAB2FDC4" box="[1144,1330,557,580]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">W/L A/L</th>
</tr>
<tr id="868834A4FFB3002AFF767F6AFAB2FDEF" box="[159,1330,600,623]" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<th id="C5595DD8FFB3002AFF767F6AFE42FDEF" box="[159,450,600,623]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Q101B 24.8</th>
<td id="C5595DD8FFB3002AFD827F6AFD2CFDEF" box="[619,684,600,623]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">8.5</td>
<td id="C5595DD8FFB3002AFC8D7F6AFC43FDEF" box="[868,963,600,623]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">10.8</td>
<td id="C5595DD8FFB3002AFB917F6AFAB2FDEF" box="[1144,1330,600,623]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">0.34 0.44</td>
</tr>
<tr id="868834A4FFB3002AFF767FB0FAB2FD19" box="[159,1330,642,665]" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<th id="C5595DD8FFB3002AFF767FB0FE42FD19" box="[159,450,642,665]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">H238B-7 17.6</th>
<td id="C5595DD8FFB3002AFD827FB0FD2CFD19" box="[619,684,642,665]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">5.5</td>
<td id="C5595DD8FFB3002AFC8D7FB0FC43FD19" box="[868,963,642,665]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">8.4</td>
<td id="C5595DD8FFB3002AFB917FB0FAB2FD19" box="[1144,1330,642,665]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">0.31 0.48</td>
</tr>
<tr id="868834A4FFB3002AFF767F9FFAB2FD44" box="[159,1330,685,708]" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<th id="C5595DD8FFB3002AFF767F9FFE42FD44" box="[159,450,685,708]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">R25B-15 14.3</th>
<td id="C5595DD8FFB3002AFD827F9FFD2CFD44" box="[619,684,685,708]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">5.2</td>
<td id="C5595DD8FFB3002AFC8D7F9FFC43FD44" box="[868,963,685,708]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">7.2</td>
<td id="C5595DD8FFB3002AFB917F9FFAB2FD44" box="[1144,1330,685,708]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">0.36 0.50</td>
</tr>
<tr id="868834A4FFB3002AFF767FEAFAB2FD6F" box="[159,1330,728,751]" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<th id="C5595DD8FFB3002AFF767FEAFE42FD6F" box="[159,450,728,751]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">N158B-83 11.1</th>
<td id="C5595DD8FFB3002AFD827FEAFD2CFD6F" box="[619,684,728,751]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">4.4</td>
<td id="C5595DD8FFB3002AFC8D7FEAFC43FD6F" box="[868,963,728,751]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">5.1</td>
<td id="C5595DD8FFB3002AFB917FEAFAB2FD6F" box="[1144,1330,728,751]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">0.40 0.46</td>
</tr>
<tr id="868834A4FFB3002AFF767E30FAB2FC99" box="[159,1330,770,793]" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<th id="C5595DD8FFB3002AFF767E30FE42FC99" box="[159,450,770,793]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">2-42 15.8</th>
<td id="C5595DD8FFB3002AFD827E30FD2CFC99" box="[619,684,770,793]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">5.5</td>
<td id="C5595DD8FFB3002AFC8D7E30FC43FC99" box="[868,963,770,793]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">7.5</td>
<td id="C5595DD8FFB3002AFB917E30FAB2FC99" box="[1144,1330,770,793]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">0.35 0.47</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="70A2656DFFB3FFD2FF2F7E5FFC4EFC07" box="[198,974,877,903]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="380736E6FFB3FFD2FF2F7E5FFC4EFC07" blockId="7.[151,1436,877,1143]" box="[198,974,877,903]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="0ACCEAF4FFB3FFD2FF2F7E5FFEE7FC07" bold="true" box="[198,359,877,903]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Distribution.</emphasis>
Bohai Gulf, South
<collectingCountry id="40AF7676FFB3FFD2FDA27E5FFD11FC07" box="[587,657,877,903]" name="China" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">China</collectingCountry>
Sea; Sumatra,
<collectingCountry id="40AF7676FFB3FFD2FCAB7E5FFC4AFC07" box="[834,970,877,903]" name="Philippines" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Philippines</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="70A2656DFFB3FFD2FF2F7EA7FDBCFBF7" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="380736E6FFB3FFD2FF2F7EA7FDBCFBF7" blockId="7.[151,1436,877,1143]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="0ACCEAF4FFB3FFD2FF2F7EA7FEBFFC2F" bold="true" box="[198,319,917,943]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Remarks.</emphasis>
The present specimens are very similar to
<taxonomicName id="FFB84D65FFB3FFD2FCD87EA7FB46FC2F" authority="Powell 1964" authorityName="Powell" authorityYear="1964" box="[817,1222,917,943]" class="Gastropoda" family="Turridae" genus="Gemmula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gemmulina">
<emphasis id="0ACCEAF4FFB3FFD2FCD87EA7FBACFC2E" box="[817,1068,917,942]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Gemmula gemmulina</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5C294B17FFB3FFD2FBDA7EA7FB46FC2F" author="Powell" box="[1075,1222,917,943]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" refString="Powell, A. W. B. (1964) The family Turridae in the Indo-Pacific. Part 1. The subfamily Turrinae. Indo-Pacific Mollusca, 1, 227 - 346." type="journal article" year="1964">
Powell
<quantity id="FF409B03FFB3FFD2FB627EA7FB46FC2F" box="[1163,1222,917,943]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.98856" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="in" value="1964.0">1964</quantity>
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
in shell form. The only difference in the number of the gemmulate nodes: the present specimens have nearly 30 gemmulate nodes, 20 more than in the
<typeStatus id="E7038844FFB3FFD2FE3E7ED7FD99FC7F" box="[471,537,997,1023]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">types</typeStatus>
. The species was also found from the South
<collectingCountry id="40AF7676FFB3FFD2FBCF7ED7FBECFC7F" box="[1062,1132,997,1023]" name="China" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">China</collectingCountry>
Sea (off Dongsha Islands (Pratas Is.))(
<bibRefCitation id="5C294B17FFB3FFD2FECD793FFE56FBA7" author="Powell" box="[292,470,1037,1063]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" refString="Powell, A. W. B. (1966) The molluscan families Speightiidae and Turridae. Bulletin of the Auckland Institute and Museum, 5, 1 - 184, 23 plates." type="book chapter" year="1966">Powell (1966)</bibRefCitation>
. So we refer it to
<taxonomicName id="FFB84D65FFB3FFD2FD43793FFC27FBA6" box="[682,935,1037,1062]" class="Gastropoda" family="Turridae" genus="Gemmula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gemmulina">
<emphasis id="0ACCEAF4FFB3FFD2FD43793FFC27FBA6" box="[682,935,1037,1062]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Gemmula gemmulina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
von
<bibRefCitation id="5C294B17FFB3FFD2FC0A793FFB0DFBA7" author="Martens" box="[995,1165,1037,1063]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" refString="von Martens, E. (1902) Einige neue Arten von Meer-Conchylien aus den Sammlungen der deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition. Sitzungs-Berichte der Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin, 1902, 237 - 244." type="journal article" year="1902">Martens, 1902</bibRefCitation>
rather than a new species. The
<typeStatus id="E7038844FFB3FFD2FEE57907FEF3FBCF" box="[268,371,1077,1103]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
was collected from west coast of Sumatra at
<quantity id="FF409B03FFB3FFD2FC7F7907FC62FBCF" box="[918,994,1077,1103]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.77" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="m" value="677.0">677 m</quantity>
depth, much deeper than the present specimens in the depth 20–118.5 m.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="70A2656DFFB3FFD2FF7E79E7FC8BFA02" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="380736E6FFB3FFD2FF7E79E7FEADFA94" blockId="7.[151,600,1237,1300]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="0ACCEAF4FFB3FFD2FF7E79E7FDD8FB72" bold="true" box="[151,600,1237,1266]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
*
<taxonomicName id="FFB84D65FFB3FFD2FF7679EAFDD8FB72" ID-CoL="3FKBR" authority="Sowerby, 1902" authorityName="Sowerby" authorityYear="1902" box="[159,600,1240,1266]" class="Gastropoda" family="Turridae" genus="Gemmula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gilchristi">
<emphasis id="0ACCEAF4FFB3FFD2FF7679EAFE08FB72" bold="true" box="[159,392,1240,1266]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Gemmula gilchristi</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="5C294B17FFB3FFD2FE7179EAFDD0FB72" author="Sowerby" box="[408,592,1240,1266]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" refString="Sowerby, G. B. (1902) Mollusca of South Africa. Marine Investigations of South Africa, 2, 93 - 100, pl. 2." type="journal article" year="1902">Sowerby, 1902</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
(Pl. 4, fig. 5)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="380736E6FFB3FFD2FF7E7879FD52FAE2" blockId="7.[151,779,1355,1410]" box="[151,722,1355,1378]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="18A811C8FFB3FFD2FF7E7879FD52FAE2" box="[151,722,1355,1378]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<taxonomicName id="FFB84D65FFB3FFD2FF7E7879FDCCFAE2" ID-CoL="4KDYL" authority="Sowerby, 1902: 99" authorityName="Sowerby" authorityPageNumber="99" authorityYear="1902" box="[151,588,1355,1378]" class="Gastropoda" family="Turridae" genus="Pleurotoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gilchristi">
<emphasis id="0ACCEAF4FFB3FFD2FF7E7879FEFAFAE2" box="[151,378,1355,1378]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Pleurotoma gilchristi</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="B91910F7FFB3FFD2FE687879FDCCFAE2" author="Sowerby" box="[385,588,1355,1378]" page="99" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" year="1902">
<bibRefCitation id="5C294B17FFB3FFD2FE687879FDA5FAE2" author="Sowerby" box="[385,549,1355,1378]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" refString="Sowerby, G. B. (1902) Mollusca of South Africa. Marine Investigations of South Africa, 2, 93 - 100, pl. 2." type="journal article" year="1902">Sowerby, 1902</bibRefCitation>
: 99
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, pl. 2, fig. 9.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="380736E6FFB3FFD2FF7E7859FC8BFA02" blockId="7.[151,779,1355,1410]" box="[151,779,1387,1410]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="18A811C8FFB3FFD2FF7E7859FC8BFA02" box="[151,779,1387,1410]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<taxonomicName id="FFB84D65FFB3FFD2FF7E7859FEE5FA02" ID-CoL="3FKBR" box="[151,357,1387,1410]" class="Gastropoda" family="Turridae" genus="Gemmula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gilchristi">
<emphasis id="0ACCEAF4FFB3FFD2FF7E7859FEE5FA02" box="[151,357,1387,1410]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Gemmula gilchristi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.—
<treatmentCitation id="B91910F7FFB3FFD2FE6C7859FDC5FA02" author="Powell" box="[389,581,1387,1410]" page="249" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" year="1964">
<bibRefCitation id="5C294B17FFB3FFD2FE6C7859FD90FA02" author="Powell" box="[389,528,1387,1410]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" refString="Powell, A. W. B. (1964) The family Turridae in the Indo-Pacific. Part 1. The subfamily Turrinae. Indo-Pacific Mollusca, 1, 227 - 346." type="journal article" year="1964">Powell 1964</bibRefCitation>
: 249
</treatmentCitation>
, pl. 189, figs. 1, 2.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="70A2656DFFB3FFD2FF7E7880FCB7F99C" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="380736E6FFB3FFD2FF7E7880FCB7F99C" blockId="7.[151,1436,1458,1604]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="0ACCEAF4FFB3FFD2FF7E7880FE4BFA4C" bold="true" box="[151,459,1458,1484]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Material examined. ECS</emphasis>
. 1 spms, CN F14B,
<geoCoordinate id="5D8C5021FFB3FFD2FD527880FCA0FA4C" box="[699,800,1458,1484]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" precision="925" value="29.5">29º30´N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="5D8C5021FFB3FFD2FCC57880FC1CFA4C" box="[812,924,1458,1484]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" precision="925" value="124.0">124º00´E</geoCoordinate>
, fine sand,
<quantity id="FF409B03FFB3FFD2FBCB7880FBDFFA4C" box="[1058,1119,1458,1484]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="m" value="70.0">70 m</quantity>
, AT,
<date id="4C061026FFB3FFD2FB757880FABDFA4C" box="[1180,1341,1458,1484]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="1988-07-29">29. VII. 1988</date>
.
<emphasis id="0ACCEAF4FFB3FFD2FAA07880FAFEFA4C" bold="true" box="[1353,1406,1458,1484]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">SCS</emphasis>
. 1 spm, CN Q101B-48,
<geoCoordinate id="5D8C5021FFB3FFD2FE6678E8FE2EFA74" box="[399,430,1498,1524]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" precision="925" value="23.25">23</geoCoordinate>
º15´N,
<geoCoordinate id="5D8C5021FFB3FFD2FE1678E8FDEFFA74" box="[511,623,1498,1524]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" precision="925" value="117.0">117º00´E</geoCoordinate>
, Shantou, Guangdong Province, muddy sand,
<quantity id="FF409B03FFB3FFD2FB6078E8FB46FA74" box="[1161,1222,1498,1524]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="m" value="23.0">23 m</quantity>
, AT,
<date id="4C061026FFB3FFD2FAE878E8FA17FA74" box="[1281,1431,1498,1524]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="1959-11-20">20. XI. 1959</date>
; 1 spm,
<geoCoordinate id="5D8C5021FFB3FFD2FF057B30FED1F99C" box="[236,337,1538,1564]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" precision="925" value="19.5">19º30´N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="5D8C5021FFB3FFD2FEB47B30FE4CF99C" box="[349,460,1538,1564]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" precision="925" value="111.25">111º15´E</geoCoordinate>
, sandy mud,
<quantity id="FF409B03FFB3FFD2FD8F7B30FD24F99C" box="[614,676,1538,1564]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="m" value="90.0">90 m</quantity>
,
<date id="4C061026FFB3FFD2FD597B30FCB3F99C" box="[688,819,1538,1564]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="1959-01-28">28. I. 1959</date>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="70A2656DFFB3FFD2FF2F7B18FE51F9C4" box="[198,465,1578,1604]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="description">
<paragraph id="380736E6FFB3FFD2FF2F7B18FE51F9C4" blockId="7.[151,1436,1458,1604]" box="[198,465,1578,1604]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="0ACCEAF4FFB3FFD2FF2F7B18FE51F9C4" bold="true" box="[198,465,1578,1604]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Measurements (mm).</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<paragraph id="380736E6FFB3FFD2FF767B57FAB3F97C" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<table id="4AB8C446FFB3002AFF767B57FAB3F97C" box="[159,1331,1637,1788]" colsContinueFrom="7.[159,1330,557,793]" gridcols="4" gridrows="4" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<tr id="868834A4FFB3002AFF767B57FAB3F9FC" box="[159,1331,1637,1660]" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<th id="C5595DD8FFB3002AFF767B57FE43F9FC" box="[159,451,1637,1660]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">CN Length</th>
<th id="C5595DD8FFB3002AFD857B57FD2EF9FC" box="[620,686,1637,1660]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Width</th>
<th id="C5595DD8FFB3002AFC8C7B57FC45F9FC" box="[869,965,1637,1660]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Aperture</th>
<th id="C5595DD8FFB3002AFB907B57FAB3F9FC" box="[1145,1331,1637,1660]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">W/L A/L</th>
</tr>
<tr id="868834A4FFB3002AFF767BA2FAB3F927" box="[159,1331,1680,1703]" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<th id="C5595DD8FFB3002AFF767BA2FE43F927" box="[159,451,1680,1703]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">F14B 24.5</th>
<td id="C5595DD8FFB3002AFD857BA2FD2EF927" box="[620,686,1680,1703]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">7.4</td>
<td id="C5595DD8FFB3002AFC8C7BA2FC45F927" box="[869,965,1680,1703]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">11.0</td>
<td id="C5595DD8FFB3002AFB907BA2FAB3F927" box="[1145,1331,1680,1703]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">0.30 0.45</td>
</tr>
<tr id="868834A4FFB3002AFF767B89FAB3F952" box="[159,1331,1723,1746]" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<th id="C5595DD8FFB3002AFF767B89FE43F952" box="[159,451,1723,1746]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Q101B-48 19.2</th>
<td id="C5595DD8FFB3002AFD857B89FD2EF952" box="[620,686,1723,1746]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">6.6</td>
<td id="C5595DD8FFB3002AFC8C7B89FC45F952" box="[869,965,1723,1746]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">8.8</td>
<td id="C5595DD8FFB3002AFB907B89FAB3F952" box="[1145,1331,1723,1746]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">0.34 0.46</td>
</tr>
<tr id="868834A4FFB3002AFF767BD7FAB3F97C" box="[159,1331,1765,1788]" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<th id="C5595DD8FFB3002AFF767BD7FE43F97C" box="[159,451,1765,1788]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">10.5</th>
<td id="C5595DD8FFB3002AFD857BD7FD2EF97C" box="[620,686,1765,1788]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">3.8</td>
<td id="C5595DD8FFB3002AFC8C7BD7FC45F97C" box="[869,965,1765,1788]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">5.1</td>
<td id="C5595DD8FFB3002AFB907BD7FAB3F97C" box="[1145,1331,1765,1788]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">0.36 0.49</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="70A2656DFFB3FFD2FF2F7A62FB78F8EA" box="[198,1272,1872,1898]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="380736E6FFB3FFD2FF2F7A62FB78F8EA" blockId="7.[151,1437,1872,2018]" box="[198,1272,1872,1898]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="0ACCEAF4FFB3FFD2FF2F7A62FEE7F8EA" bold="true" box="[198,359,1872,1898]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Distribution.</emphasis>
East and South
<collectingCountry id="40AF7676FFB3FFD2FDCC7A62FDEBF8EA" box="[549,619,1872,1898]" name="China" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">China</collectingCountry>
Seas;
<collectingCountry id="40AF7676FFB3FFD2FD5E7A62FCD1F8EA" box="[695,849,1872,1898]" name="South Africa" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">South Africa</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="40AF7676FFB3FFD2FCB47A62FC47F8EA" box="[861,967,1872,1898]" name="Tanzania" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Zanzibar</collectingCountry>
, Andaman Islands,
<collectingCountry id="40AF7676FFB3FFD2FB447A62FB74F8EA" box="[1197,1268,1872,1898]" name="Japan" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Japan</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="70A2656DFFB3FFDDFF2F7A4AFC28FF5A" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="380736E6FFB3FFDDFF2F7A4AFC28FF5A" blockId="7.[151,1437,1872,2018]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1436,152,218]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="0ACCEAF4FFB3FFD2FF2F7A4AFEBFF812" bold="true" box="[198,319,1912,1938]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Remarks.</emphasis>
The present specimens agree with Powell’s (1964) descriptions and figures (pl. 189, figs. 1, 2) of
<taxonomicName id="FFB84D65FFB3FFD2FF5E7A92FEC2F839" box="[183,322,1952,1977]" class="Gastropoda" family="Turridae" genus="Gemmula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="gilchristi">
<emphasis id="0ACCEAF4FFB3FFD2FF5E7A92FEC2F839" box="[183,322,1952,1977]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">G. gilchristi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="40AF7676FFB3FFD2FE627A92FDA5F83A" box="[395,549,1952,1978]" name="South Africa" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">South Africa</collectingCountry>
, although their shells are white, the subsutural fold is uniform light yellow. Based on the
<typeStatus id="E7038844FFB3FFD2FED17AFAFE1FF862" box="[312,415,1992,2018]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
and four other specimens collected from
<collectingCountry id="40AF7676FFB3FFD2FC647AFAFC53F862" box="[909,979,1992,2018]" name="Japan" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Japan</collectingCountry>
, Durban and Andaman,
<bibRefCitation id="5C294B17FFB3FFD2FB1D7AFAFA1CF862" author="Powell" box="[1268,1436,1992,2018]" pageId="7" pageNumber="25" refString="Powell, A. W. B. (1964) The family Turridae in the Indo-Pacific. Part 1. The subfamily Turrinae. Indo-Pacific Mollusca, 1, 227 - 346." type="journal article" year="1964">Powell (1964)</bibRefCitation>
noted that the color of this species is uniform golden to light reddish brown for shallow water shells; the topotypes are white with pale brown between the peripheral gemmules.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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