232 lines
26 KiB
XML
232 lines
26 KiB
XML
<document id="D42A7ED4850C8F0C7D31577E1F2DDD9C" ID-CLB-Dataset="27950" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4521.4.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="832ac35c-8871-4041-9321-ea7f2ae5eb41" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="2610021" ID-ZooBank="A4FD6137-25B0-43D5-845B-B4FDF4E9F5D7" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1553624231237" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Shachar, Einat, Melika, George, Inbar, Moshe & Dorchin, Netta" docDate="2018" docId="AC1F87FEFFEDFF8CFF61FC64FCEAB7E6" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4521.4.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4521 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Andricus cecconii Kieffer 1901, new synonym" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="460" masterDocId="5026FF86FFE4FF86FFF6FFE8FFBAB733" masterDocTitle="The oak gall wasps of Israel (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae, Cynipini) - diversity, distribution and life history" masterLastPageNumber="498" masterPageNumber="451" pageNumber="460" updateTime="1698713837181" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="8F0CAC293CAE7B4691E28A630849B49D" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="8BE2011A5F407927A1326C866677F6A4">
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<mods:title id="C054358D2736A331AF89577460C055F3">The oak gall wasps of Israel (Hymenoptera, Cynipidae, Cynipini) - diversity, distribution and life history</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="B2BAF9879F5DD77D3A8C35E155F4B254" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="FA0E104240CB6CF591352D37AFDDE8EA">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="011375FEA961150EEB9EBFDB142CA169">Shachar, Einat</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm id="BBAB7D169561D3A3CBC54EA306529DB0">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="FA19BABF6F3CC25005E2729D22954A87">Melika, George</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="F28BE0782C3C590C841540AB268017B5">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="FD4FA69CCF21E650AE40F8027107C710">Inbar, Moshe</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="0320C5B8F5B955EEF5AB0AC86C663377" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="89970E07A7E254E09C0C4C65D24EB9F1">
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<mods:roleTerm id="244CF8045768840332DC56710C88983F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="A00D384BB4E01F410171654D2A949CFD">Dorchin, Netta</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="6B954AEDA74091EBF0A987B50956AA32">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="6FC772CF5F7852619E4AE93C5FAF17C6">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="1E43F0166C56CAA3AFD4C55445ED1410">
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<mods:date id="02607214316F2425F60FB478702BC23B">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="A7714F8078C79D5333919892B1A939F9" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="43B8DEDD83D5912B2804C18B5A890EBE">2018-11-16</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="1AED1927DD14EA3EAC8F04FACE9F2302" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="F68660984019CBF037A12EA574BCE505">4521</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="A4D7D68026691C9B61E8C0C7F64D58F1" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="AB87653854857F8BB585197428663C5D">4</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="FAF70217EE75BB0FADAF5134D7FBA697">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="DBB1B6039E9FC56BD863D16EF364523F" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4521.4.1</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="AC1F87FEFFEDFF8CFF61FC64FCEAB7E6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5949855" ID-GBIF-Taxon="154498969" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5949855" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AC1F87FEFFEDFF8CFF61FC64FCEAB7E6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/AC1F87FEFFEDFF8CFF61FC64FCEAB7E6" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="460" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">
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<subSubSection id="6CAC6563FFEDFF8FFF61FC64FC0FB4DB" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="240936E8FFEDFF8FFF61FC64FDA2B495" blockId="9.[151,536,908,934]" box="[151,536,908,934]" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">
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<heading id="7F418184FFEDFF8FFF61FC64FDA2B495" bold="true" box="[151,536,908,934]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFEDFF8FFF61FC64FDA2B495" authority="Kieffer, 1901" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1901" box="[151,536,908,934]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cecconii">
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<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEDFF8FFF61FC64FDA2B495" bold="true" box="[151,536,908,934]" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">
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<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEDFF8FFF61FC64FECAB495" bold="true" box="[151,368,908,934]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">Andricus cecconii</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="40274B19FFEDFF8FFE81FC64FDA2B495" author="Kieffer, J. J." box="[375,536,908,934]" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" pagination="233 - 579" refId="ref34043" refString="Kieffer, J. J. (1901) Synopsis des Zoocecidies d'Europe. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, 1901, 233 - 579." type="journal article" year="1901">Kieffer, 1901</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="240936E8FFEDFF8FFF61FC3AFC0FB4DB" blockId="9.[151,949,978,1000]" box="[151,949,978,1000]" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">
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<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFEDFF8FFF61FC3AFCAAB4DB" authority="Melika, Stone, Sadeghi & Pujade-Villar" authorityName="Melika, Stone, Sadeghi & Pujade-Villar" box="[151,784,978,1000]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="megalucidus">
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<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEDFF8FFF61FC3AFEC3B4DB" box="[151,377,978,1000]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">Andricus megalucidus</emphasis>
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Melika, Stone, Sadeghi & Pujade-Villar
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEDFF8FFCEAFC3BFC0FB4DB" bold="true" box="[796,949,979,1000]" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="0DF15781FFEDFF8FFCEAFC3BFC0BB4DB" box="[796,945,979,1000]" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">new synonym</taxonomicNameLabel>
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.
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="6CAC6563FFEDFF8FFF61FBFDFC1DB115" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="240936E8FFEDFF8FFF61FBFDFEDFB38D" blockId="9.[151,1437,1045,2006]" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">
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<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEDFF8FFF61FBFDFE9CB31D" bold="true" box="[151,294,1045,1070]" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">Host plants.</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="5CA17678FFEDFF8FFED8FBFDFECBB31D" box="[302,369,1045,1070]" name="Israel" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">Israel</collectingCountry>
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:
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<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFEDFF8FFE8AFBFEFD9DB31E" baseAuthorityName="Sternlicht" baseAuthorityYear="1968" box="[380,551,1045,1069]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ithaburensis">
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<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEDFF8FFE8AFBFEFD9DB31E" box="[380,551,1045,1069]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">Q. ithaburensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(sexual generation) and
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<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFEDFF8FFCC9FBFEFC78B31E" box="[831,962,1045,1069]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="boissieri">
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<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEDFF8FFCC9FBFEFC78B31E" box="[831,962,1045,1069]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">Q. boissieri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(asexual generation). Galls of the asexual generation can also be found on the introduced
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<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFEDFF8FFD29FBD2FC17B362" box="[735,941,1081,1105]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pedunculiflora">
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<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEDFF8FFD29FBD2FC17B362" box="[735,941,1081,1105]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">Q. pedunculiflora</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, which is widely planted in
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<collectingCountry id="5CA17678FFEDFF8FFAE7FBD1FAF5B361" box="[1297,1359,1081,1106]" name="Israel" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">Israel</collectingCountry>
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as an ornamental. Elsewhere:
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<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFEDFF8FFE5FFBB6FD8EB346" box="[425,564,1117,1141]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="coccifera">
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<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEDFF8FFE5FFBB6FD8EB346" box="[425,564,1117,1141]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">Q. coccifera</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEDFF8FFDB2FBB6FD00B346" box="[580,698,1117,1141]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">
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<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFEDFF8FFDB2FBB6FD0CB346" authorityName="Lindl" authorityYear="1840" box="[580,694,1117,1141]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="brantii">Q. brantii</taxonomicName>
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,
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</emphasis>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFEDFF8FFD05FBB6FCE2B346" box="[755,856,1117,1141]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="libani">
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<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEDFF8FFD05FBB6FCE2B346" box="[755,856,1117,1141]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">Q. libani</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(sexual generation) (
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<bibRefCitation id="40274B19FFEDFF8FFBBFFBB5FAAAB345" author="Maisuradze, N. L." box="[1097,1296,1117,1142]" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" pagination="30 - 35" refId="ref34528" refString="Maisuradze, N. L. (1968) Zoogeographical analysis of the oak gall wasps of Azarbaijan. Scientific Notes of the Azerbaijan State University, 1, 30 - 35. [in Russian]" type="journal article" year="1968">Maisuradze 1968</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="40274B19FFEDFF8FFAEBFBB5FEA5B3A9" author="Katilmis, Y. & Kiyak, S." pageId="9" pageNumber="460" pagination="2161 - 2167" refId="ref34071" refString="Katilmis, Y. & Kiyak, S. (2008) Checklist of Cynipidae of Turkey with a new genus record. Journal of Natural History, 42 (31 - 32), 2161 - 2167. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222930802148981" type="journal article" year="2008">Katilmiş & Kiyak 2008</bibRefCitation>
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),
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<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFEDFF8FFEC5FB6AFE78B3AA" box="[307,450,1153,1177]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="infectoria">
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<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEDFF8FFEC5FB6AFE78B3AA" box="[307,450,1153,1177]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">Q. infectoria</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in
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<collectingCountry id="5CA17678FFEDFF8FFE11FB69FD8DB3A9" box="[487,567,1153,1178]" name="Turkey" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">Turkey</collectingCountry>
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and
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<collectingCountry id="5CA17678FFEDFF8FFD99FB6AFD25B3AA" box="[623,671,1154,1177]" name="Iran" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">Iran</collectingCountry>
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, and possibly
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<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFEDFF8FFCC9FB6AFC6FB3AA" box="[831,981,1153,1177]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pubescens">
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<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEDFF8FFCC9FB6AFC6FB3AA" box="[831,981,1153,1177]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">Q. pubescens</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in
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<collectingCountry id="5CA17678FFEDFF8FFC0CFB6AFBF3B3A9" box="[1018,1097,1154,1178]" name="Greece" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">Greece</collectingCountry>
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(asexual generation) (Pujade- Villar
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<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEDFF8FFF2BFB4EFEACB38E" box="[221,278,1189,1213]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">et al.</emphasis>
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2002).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="240936E8FFEDFF8FFF31FB21FC1DB115" blockId="9.[151,1437,1045,2006]" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">
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<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEDFF8FFF31FB21FEE2B3D1" bold="true" box="[199,344,1225,1250]" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">Life history.</emphasis>
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The association of the sexual and asexual generations of this species was established for the first time in the present study. The sexual generation develops on oaks from section
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<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEDFF8FFBA0FB06FB24B236" box="[1110,1182,1262,1285]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">Cerris</emphasis>
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, on which it induces spherical multi-chambered catkin galls, composed of 10–18 delicate, conical, thin-walled units that are joined at their bases,
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<quantity id="E34E9B0DFFEDFF8FFEE8FADDFE22B27E" box="[286,408,1333,1358]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" unit="mm" value="27.5" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="25.0">25–30 mm</quantity>
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in diameter when mature (
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<figureCitation id="BC8D2A6DFFEDFF8FFD3CFADDFCA5B27D" box="[714,799,1333,1358]" captionStart="FIGURES 47–52" captionStartId="39.[151,264,1677,1700]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1656]" captionTargetId="figure@39.[151,1435,193,1657]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIGURES 47–52. Sexual generation galls on Quercus ithaburensis. 47. Andricus cecconii; 48. Same, old gall; 49. Andricus grossulariae, young galls; 50. Andricus grossulariae, old galls (arrow); 51. Andricus vindobonensis; 52. Andricus coriarius." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2610041/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">Fig. 47</figureCitation>
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). The units are round, with undulating rims, and contain 1–2 chambers each. They are smooth-surfaced and green when young, becoming reddish where exposed to the sun, and turning brown when mature (
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<figureCitation id="BC8D2A6DFFEDFF8FFDE6FA95FDDCB2A5" box="[528,614,1405,1430]" captionStart="FIGURES 47–52" captionStartId="39.[151,264,1677,1700]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1656]" captionTargetId="figure@39.[151,1435,193,1657]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIGURES 47–52. Sexual generation galls on Quercus ithaburensis. 47. Andricus cecconii; 48. Same, old gall; 49. Andricus grossulariae, young galls; 50. Andricus grossulariae, old galls (arrow); 51. Andricus vindobonensis; 52. Andricus coriarius." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2610041/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">Fig. 48</figureCitation>
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). Some of the galls are green to light purple and covered by velvety hair. Old galls remain on the tree until the next year. The asexual generation develops on oaks from section
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<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFEDFF8FFAC1FA4AFA2FB28A" box="[1335,1429,1442,1465]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEDFF8FFAC1FA4AFA2FB28A" box="[1335,1429,1442,1465]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">Quercus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, inducing large, conspicuous, globular, multi-chambered bud galls of up to
|
||
<quantity id="E34E9B0DFFEDFF8FFC2BFA2DFB97B2EE" box="[989,1069,1477,1502]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" unit="mm" value="50.0">50 mm</quantity>
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in diameter (
|
||
<figureCitation id="BC8D2A6DFFEDFF8FFB35FA2DFABDB2ED" box="[1219,1287,1477,1502]" captionStart="FIGURES 5–10" captionStartId="32.[151,264,1711,1734]" captionTargetBox="[137,1416,199,1651]" captionTargetId="figure@32.[137,1416,193,1652]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURES 5–10. Galls on Quercus boissieri. 5. Andricus lucidus, asexual generation (arrow) and Andricus moreae, asexual generation (bottom); 6. Andricus cecconii, asexual generation; 7. Andricus caputmedusae, asexual generation, young gall; 8. Andricus caputmedusae, asexual generation, mature gall; 9. Andricus grossulariae, asexual generation; 10. Andricus hystrix, asexual generation." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2610025/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
). These galls are densely covered by slightly curved, long and thin spines, up to
|
||
<quantity id="E34E9B0DFFEDFF8FFC7AFA02FC66B132" box="[908,988,1514,1538]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, which are blunt-tipped and easily broken. The gall is light green when young, turning grayish when old.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="6CAC6563FFEDFF8FFF31F9D9FD02B185" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="240936E8FFEDFF8FFF31F9D9FD02B185" blockId="9.[151,1437,1045,2006]" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">
|
||
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEDFF8FFF31F9D9FEF3B179" bold="true" box="[199,329,1585,1610]" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">Phenology.</emphasis>
|
||
Galls of the sexual generation usually begin to develop in late February and adults emerge from them in April, but at higher elevations (e.g., in En Zivan) they develop later and adults emerged in July. Galls of the asexual generation mature in fall, and while most adults emerge from them in January, some emerge in early spring and some remain in diapause for at least 2 years.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="6CAC6563FFEDFF8FFF31F929FAFDB012" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="240936E8FFEDFF8FFF31F929FAFDB012" blockId="9.[151,1437,1045,2006]" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">
|
||
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEDFF8FFF31F929FEDAB1E9" bold="true" box="[199,352,1729,1754]" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5CA17678FFEDFF8FFE9AF929FE15B1E9" box="[364,431,1729,1754]" name="Israel" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">Israel</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Galls of the sexual generation are common throughout the distribution range of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFEDFF8FFA77F92AFE9AB1CE" baseAuthorityName="Sternlicht" baseAuthorityYear="1968" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ithaburensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEDFF8FFA77F92AFE9AB1CE" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">Q. ithaburensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, whereas galls of the asexual generation are common in the northern part of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5CA17678FFEDFF8FFB5EF90DFB5CB1CD" box="[1192,1254,1765,1790]" name="Israel" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">Israel</collectingCountry>
|
||
but rare in Zur Hadassa (the Judean Mountains). Elsewhere: known from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5CA17678FFEDFF8FFCD0F8E2FCC2B011" box="[806,888,1802,1826]" name="Greece" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">Greece</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Transcaucasia,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5CA17678FFEDFF8FFBD9F8E1FB3AB011" box="[1071,1152,1801,1826]" name="Turkey" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">Turkey</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5CA17678FFEDFF8FFB7CF8E1FB6DB011" box="[1162,1239,1801,1826]" name="Jordan" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">Jordan</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5CA17678FFEDFF8FFAE4F8E2FAF9B012" box="[1298,1347,1802,1825]" name="Iran" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">Iran</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="6CAC6563FFEDFF8CFF31F8C5FCEAB7E6" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="461" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="240936E8FFEDFF8CFF31F8C5FCEAB7E6" blockId="9.[151,1437,1045,2006]" lastBlockId="10.[151,1436,151,213]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="461" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">
|
||
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEDFF8FFF31F8C5FEF5B075" bold="true" box="[199,335,1837,1862]" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||
Galls of the sexual generation are very distinct and do not resemble any other oak catkin galls in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5CA17678FFEDFF8FFF61F8B9FF63B059" box="[151,217,1873,1898]" name="Israel" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">Israel</collectingCountry>
|
||
. They resemble galls of the sexual generation of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFEDFF8FFCEAF8BAFC35B05A" baseAuthorityName="Hartig" baseAuthorityYear="1843" box="[796,911,1873,1897]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lucidus">
|
||
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEDFF8FFCEAF8BAFC35B05A" box="[796,911,1873,1897]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">A. lucidus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(=
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFEDFF8FFC4BF8BAFBF3B05A" box="[957,1097,1873,1897]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aestivalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEDFF8FFC4BF8BAFBF3B05A" box="[957,1097,1873,1897]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">A. aestivalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) in Europe. When young,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFEDFF8FFA72F8BAFF52B0BE" baseAuthorityName="Hartig" baseAuthorityYear="1843" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lucidus">
|
||
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEDFF8FFA72F8BAFF52B0BE" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">A. lucidus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
galls have a shiny, waxy surface, whereas the galls of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFEDFF8FFCBBF89EFC73B0BE" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1901" box="[845,969,1910,1933]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cecconii">
|
||
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEDFF8FFCBBF89EFC73B0BE" box="[845,969,1910,1933]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">A. cecconii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are covered by fine pubescence. In
|
||
<collectingCountry id="5CA17678FFEDFF8FFAA8F89DFA26B0BD" box="[1374,1436,1909,1934]" name="Israel" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">Israel</collectingCountry>
|
||
galls of the asexual generation resemble those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFEDFF8FFD16F872FC1EB082" baseAuthorityName="Hartig" baseAuthorityYear="1843" box="[736,932,1945,1969]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caputmedusae">
|
||
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEDFF8FFD16F872FC1EB082" box="[736,932,1945,1969]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">A. caputmedusae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="BC8D2A6DFFEDFF8FFC41F871FBA5B081" box="[951,1055,1945,1970]" captionStart="FIGURES 5–10" captionStartId="32.[151,264,1711,1734]" captionTargetBox="[137,1416,199,1651]" captionTargetId="figure@32.[137,1416,193,1652]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURES 5–10. Galls on Quercus boissieri. 5. Andricus lucidus, asexual generation (arrow) and Andricus moreae, asexual generation (bottom); 6. Andricus cecconii, asexual generation; 7. Andricus caputmedusae, asexual generation, young gall; 8. Andricus caputmedusae, asexual generation, mature gall; 9. Andricus grossulariae, asexual generation; 10. Andricus hystrix, asexual generation." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2610025/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">Figs 7–8</figureCitation>
|
||
) but differ from them in having straight and more delicate spines compared to the irregularly branched and pointier spines of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFEDFF8FFB5BF856FAD6B0E6" baseAuthorityName="Hartig" baseAuthorityYear="1843" box="[1197,1388,1981,2005]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="460" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caputmedusae">
|
||
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEDFF8FFB5BF856FAD6B0E6" box="[1197,1388,1981,2005]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="460">A. caputmedusae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and in being multi-chambered as opposed to single-chambered.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFEEFF8CFCB4FF70FB87B783" box="[834,1085,152,176]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="megalucidus">
|
||
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEEFF8CFCB4FF70FB87B783" box="[834,1085,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">Andricus megalucidus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is synonymized here under
|
||
<taxonomicName id="E3B64D6BFFEEFF8CFA72FF70FF4EB7E7" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1901" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="461" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cecconii">
|
||
<emphasis id="16C2EAFAFFEEFF8CFA72FF70FF4EB7E7" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="461">A. cecconii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on molecular evidence (Shachar, unpublished).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |