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<document id="335FD881572135FA631C7CB75E9E38A8" ID-CLB-Dataset="271660" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2023.900.2299" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8b15583e-a9c6-4c32-8438-f02b6e4490d6" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8420708" ID-ZooBank="0B4BF469-77A8-4CF9-A006-3B98FF4187D5" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="valdenar" checkinTime="1696845197903" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Cole, Mary L. &amp; Herbert, David G." docDate="2023" docId="E60087E6FFB5FFD8FD235576FCD3FC41" docLanguage="en" docName="EJT.2023.900.1-31.pdf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 900 (1)" docSource="https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2299/9967" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Gulella libertas Cole &amp; Herbert 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="54F995CA-0DA3-4D6F-8566-7207A1209EA3" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="26" masterDocId="1A39FF9EFFA2FFC1FFAF547EFF99FFD9" masterDocTitle="Seven new narrowly endemic species of Gulella Pfeiffer, 1856 from eastern South Africa (Gastropoda, Streptaxidae) and status revision for another" masterLastPageNumber="31" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="24" updateTime="1699694286568" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
<mods:mods id="B64ACCCD47FF9D4A001C7B07B1105CBE" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="D5071E70C663C8BB89EB7AFC51F8447A">
<mods:title id="BFAEB92D86F476E0B5FE4AE586AA0DF9">Seven new narrowly endemic species of Gulella Pfeiffer, 1856 from eastern South Africa (Gastropoda, Streptaxidae) and status revision for another</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="37FD93819C6AA03F16881534EF146F03" type="personal">
<mods:role id="1588282D0BB2DC5680F050A1394476C9">
<mods:roleTerm id="5A89927526690B8E103E83A3C2E74D84">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="C2E2EC1F2C88325E7413030495D227D9">Cole, Mary L.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="973487C2306DFF1EE133429F0AC1C51E" type="LSID">FDA80F4A-4E08-401E-8FF6-778E033BBBA7</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="3606C4EBBA97692FE4CA6694C3D8D8D4">East London Museum, 319 Oxford St, East London, 5201, South Africa. &amp; Department of Zoology and Entomology, Rhodes University, Makhanda, 6140, South Africa.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="3561871534C0358C8FD882729EB4B0F2" type="email">marybursey@elmuseum.za.org</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="3761CBA4B63CF1E8EC8A5B2DB3F543D9" type="personal">
<mods:role id="8CA4763965A924E3735A8FE7789A9214">
<mods:roleTerm id="87942E15466F07024234C4CD9BA1F132">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="F3E5127FF29A15752C1CCA9C48BC6658">Herbert, David G.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="7DDF1F3973FC34D353EBC4970F09B06B" type="LSID">0C09EE45-6198-482E-857A-EF690C2A016F</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="F53D559629BAE750E934FDF6C92502E8">Department of Natural Sciences, National Museum Wales, Cathays Park, Cardiff, CF 10 3 NP, United Kingdom.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="3FBB21B0699E4F29CA70770E8A0CBBBA" type="email">phasianella@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="7FA0FED356D8533B43E631D6C08F8FBC">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="4A0F8F996CCA63232CE1507F14DE5961">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="05E0FC5265F1A73A113EFB2515ECAA72">
<mods:date id="EF37BBD1D317473EE6F876099BE7889E">2023</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="AB7EA18659C00BC9291614C78A464CC6" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="C97D5575657E238C9B883C34C4F97CD4">2023-10-09</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="91513085E2D336730A08EEA305CA34F2" type="volume">
<mods:number id="9285B4572B744CF7EDFE819A71649000">900</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="AAA337986DCF6C1CF06B9AB8F61D2C14">1</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="3D5A11C6B5225A76058280968ABF42AA">1</mods:start>
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<mods:url id="A58903873E3CE6360BFCD7C9D7ECAF15">https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2299/9967</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="D56371A185016E7C1502D68C9C425789">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="AB7AAE44325064130075D40499DA3951" type="CLB-Dataset">271660</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="19E063EA490776DBC4E909E90660C32C" type="DOI">10.5852/ejt.2023.900.2299</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="AA7F564BF0DDB407207F43365933DC15" type="GBIF-Dataset">8b15583e-a9c6-4c32-8438-f02b6e4490d6</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="2A267942A8ECB6B18203C73DD3D7D8B9" type="ISSN">2118-9773</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="55D8652B44C0064BF5D32C177CEE72FD" type="Zenodo-Dep">8420708</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="8477CE6AF96E39BD5FC926D78727CC07" type="ZooBank">0B4BF469-77A8-4CF9-A006-3B98FF4187D5</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="E60087E6FFB5FFD8FD235576FCD3FC41" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8423122" ID-GBIF-Taxon="213740313" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8423122" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:54F995CA-0DA3-4D6F-8566-7207A1209EA3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E60087E6FFB5FFD8FD235576FCD3FC41" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<subSubSection id="26B3657BFFB5FFD6FD235576FB5DFE91" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="6E1636F0FFB5FFD6FD235576FC31FEFA" blockId="23.[367,1220,264,364]" box="[652,936,264,291]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<heading id="355E819CFFB5FFD6FD235576FC31FEFA" box="[652,936,264,291]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="A9A94D73FFB5FFD6FD235576FCDEFEFA" authority="Cole &amp; Herbert, 2023" authorityName="Cole &amp; Herbert" authorityYear="2023" box="[652,839,264,291]" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Gulella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="libertas" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="5CDDEAE2FFB5FFD6FD235576FCDEFEFA" bold="true" box="[652,839,264,291]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Gulella libertas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="47EE5799FFB5FFD6FCE15577FC31FEFA" box="[846,936,265,291]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6E1636F0FFB5FFD6FEC05553FB5DFE91" blockId="23.[367,1220,264,364]" box="[367,1220,301,328]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<uri id="1A383AF2FFB5FFD6FEC05553FB5DFE91" box="[367,1220,301,328]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
<uuid id="1A0F0C25FFB5FFD6FD215553FB5DFE91" box="[654,1220,301,328]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">54F995CA-0DA3-4D6F-8566-7207A1209EA3</uuid>
</uri>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="26B3657BFFB5FFD6FD70552FFCCDFEB5" box="[735,852,337,364]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="description">
<paragraph id="6E1636F0FFB5FFD6FD70552FFCCDFEB5" blockId="23.[367,1220,264,364]" box="[735,852,337,364]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<figureCitation id="F6922A75FFB5FFD6FD70552FFCB3FEB5" box="[735,810,337,364]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="17.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,968,1884]" captionTargetId="figure-178@17.[189,1398,968,1884]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig. 9. Distribution map of Gulella hlathikhulu sp. nov. (green circles), G. nkandla sp. nov. (yellow triangles), G. mystica sp. nov. (red squares) and G. libertas sp. nov. (blue circle) in north-central KwaZulu-Natal. Contours at 1000 m and 2000 m." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8420730" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8420730/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Figs 9</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="F6922A75FFB5FFD6FC98552CFCCDFEB5" box="[823,852,338,364]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="24.[189,232,1935,1961]" captionTargetBox="[194,1393,288,1880]" captionTargetId="figure-19@24.[189,1398,266,1884]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Fig. 12. Gulella libertas sp. nov., holotype (NMSA W9287/T4601), length 2.6 mm, width 1.2 mm. A. Aperture view. B. Side view. C. Detail of aperture. D. Oblique view of base showing umbilicus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8420738" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8420738/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">12</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="26B3657BFFB5FFD6FF1255EDFAB6FDB0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="6E1636F0FFB5FFD6FF1255EDFEAFFE74" blockId="23.[189,310,403,429]" box="[189,310,403,429]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<heading id="355E819CFFB5FFD6FF1255EDFEAFFE74" bold="true" box="[189,310,403,429]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" reason="3">
<emphasis id="5CDDEAE2FFB5FFD6FF1255EDFEAFFE74" bold="true" box="[189,310,403,429]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6E1636F0FFB5FFD6FF1255BFFAB6FDB0" blockId="23.[187,1399,449,617]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Shell minute, sub-cylindrical; sculptured with weak widely-spaced axial ribs; dentition seven-fold, including an angular parietal lamella, a large, bicuspid labral tooth, the lower cusp stronger, a low, deeply inset transverse basal tooth slightly to right of centre, an in-running tooth at base of columella lip, a prominent tooth in middle of columella lip and a large, convex columella lamella; peristome protruding at position of labral and superficial columella teeth; umbilicus widely open, more or less circular.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="26B3657BFFB5FFD6FF1256EEFD3CFD22" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="6E1636F0FFB5FFD6FF1256EEFEDDFD73" blockId="23.[189,324,656,682]" box="[189,324,656,682]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<heading id="355E819CFFB5FFD6FF1256EEFEDDFD73" bold="true" box="[189,324,656,682]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" reason="3">
<emphasis id="5CDDEAE2FFB5FFD6FF1256EEFEDDFD73" bold="true" box="[189,324,656,682]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Etymology</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6E1636F0FFB5FFD6FF1256C1FD3CFD22" blockId="23.[189,1398,702,764]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
From Latin ‘
<taxonomicName id="A9A94D73FFB5FFD6FEF156C0FE21FD01" authorityName="Cole &amp; Herbert" authorityYear="2023" box="[350,440,702,728]" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Gulella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="libertas">
<emphasis id="5CDDEAE2FFB5FFD6FEF156C0FE21FD01" box="[350,440,702,728]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">libertas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
’ meaning ‘freedom’. The
<typeStatus id="B1128852FFB5FFD6FCAC56C1FCAFFD00" box="[771,822,703,729]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">type</typeStatus>
locality is in the town Vryheid, Afrikaans for freedom, an area with a history of battles.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="26B3657BFFB5FFD6FF12575DFE2CFACD" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="6E1636F0FFB5FFD6FF12575DFEF5FCE4" blockId="23.[189,364,803,829]" box="[189,364,803,829]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<heading id="355E819CFFB5FFD6FF12575DFEF5FCE4" bold="true" box="[189,364,803,829]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" reason="3">
<emphasis id="5CDDEAE2FFB5FFD6FF12575DFEF5FCE4" bold="true" box="[189,364,803,829]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Type material</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6E1636F0FFB5FFD6FF45572CFD88FC0C" blockId="23.[189,1399,850,981]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<materialsCitation id="DEC13CADFFB5FFD6FF45572CFD88FC0C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4423011319" collectedFrom="sorted from leaf-litter" collectingDate="2012-12-14" collectionCode="NMSA" collectorName="A. Ndaba &amp; B. Mkhize &amp; G. Zamisa" country="South Africa" elevation="1140" latitude="-27.7507" location="indigenous forest behind Lancaster Lodge" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="30.7624" municipality="Vryheid" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" specimenCode="W9287" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="5CDDEAE2FFB5FFD6FF45572CFEC5FCB5" bold="true" box="[234,348,850,876]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<typeStatus id="B1128852FFB5FFD6FF45572CFEC5FCB5" box="[234,348,850,876]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="16BE7660FFB5FFD6FF12570BFE17FC56" box="[189,398,885,911]" name="South Africa" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">SOUTH AFRICA</collectingCountry>
–
<emphasis id="5CDDEAE2FFB5FFD6FE07570BFDF4FC56" bold="true" box="[424,621,885,911]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<collectingRegion id="AC6DF812FFB5FFD6FE07570BFDF4FC56" box="[424,621,885,911]" country="South Africa" name="KwaZulu-Natal" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">KwaZulu-Natal</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
•
<collectingMunicipality id="8E72AC8AFFB5FFD6FD29570BFD7EFC56" box="[646,743,885,911]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Vryheid</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="6B76602BFFB5FFD6FD5C570BFB7BFC56" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E60087E6FFB5FFD8FD235576FCD3FC41:6B76602BFFB5FFD6FD5C570BFB7BFC56" box="[755,1250,885,911]" country="South Africa" latitude="-27.7507" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="30.7624" municipality="Vryheid" name="indigenous forest behind Lancaster Lodge" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">indigenous forest behind Lancaster Lodge</location>
;
<geoCoordinate id="0B9D5037FFB5FFD6FB42570AFAE8FC56" box="[1261,1393,884,911]" degrees="27.7507" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" precision="5" value="-27.7507">27.7507° S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="0B9D5037FFB5FFD6FF1257E6FEDFFC6B" box="[189,326,920,946]" degrees="30.7624" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" precision="5" value="30.7624">30.7624° E</geoCoordinate>
;
<elevation id="E584D1C3FFB5FFD6FEFB57E6FE69FC6B" box="[340,496,920,946]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.14" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="1140.0">
<quantity id="A9519B15FFB5FFD6FEFB57E6FE37FC6B" box="[340,430,920,946]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.14" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="1140.0">1140 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
;
<date id="1A171030FFB5FFD6FE5057E6FD3AFC6B" box="[511,675,920,946]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="2012-12-14">
<collectingDate id="0A53E9D8FFB5FFD6FE5057E6FD3AFC6B" box="[511,675,920,946]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" value="2012-12-14">14 Dec. 2012</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="C35C5326FFB5FFD6FD0057E6FCBCFC6B" box="[687,805,920,946]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">A. Ndaba</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="C35C5326FFB5FFD6FC9D57E6FC29FC6B" box="[818,944,920,946]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">B. Mkhize</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="C35C5326FFB5FFD6FC4357E6FBF1FC6B" box="[1004,1128,920,946]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">G. Zamisa</collectorName>
leg.;
<collectedFrom id="DDB5750DFFB5FFD6FB0157E6FF61FC0C" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">sorted from leaf-litter</collectedFrom>
;
<collectionCode id="08B8AE35FFB5FFD6FEAB57C5FECEFC0C" box="[260,343,955,981]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" name="KwaZulu-Natal Museum" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="Museum">NMSA</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="3E0F9E8BFFB5FFD6FEF157C5FE2EFC0C" box="[350,439,955,981]" collectionCode="NMSA" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" name="KwaZulu-Natal Museum" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="Museum">W9287</specimenCode>
/T4601.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6E1636F0FFB5FFD6FF455783FB30FB59" blockId="23.[189,1398,1021,1153]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<materialsCitation id="DEC13CADFFB5FFD6FF455783FEF2FB87" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4423011348" collectedFrom="sorted from leaf-litter" collectingDate="2012-12-14" collectionCode="NMSA" collectorName="A. Ndaba &amp; B. Mkhize &amp; G. Zamisa" country="South Africa" elevation="1140" latitude="-27.7507" location="KwaZulu-Natal" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="30.7624" municipality="Vryheid" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="5CDDEAE2FFB5FFD6FF455783FEFEFBCE" bold="true" box="[234,359,1021,1047]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<typeStatus id="B1128852FFB5FFD6FF455783FEFEFBCE" box="[234,359,1021,1047]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="16BE7660FFB5FFD6FF12505EFE0DFBE3" box="[189,404,1056,1082]" name="South Africa" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">SOUTH AFRICA</collectingCountry>
–
<emphasis id="5CDDEAE2FFB5FFD6FE14505EFD19FBE3" bold="true" box="[443,640,1056,1082]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<collectingRegion id="AC6DF812FFB5FFD6FE14505EFD19FBE3" box="[443,640,1056,1082]" country="South Africa" name="KwaZulu-Natal" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">KwaZulu-Natal</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
•
<specimenCount id="78AFFD79FFB5FFD6FD0C505EFC98FBE3" box="[675,769,1056,1082]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">2 specs</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for holotype; NMSA-Mol 0P2352/T4602
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="DEC13CADFFB5FFD6FE2B503DFAFCFB84" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4423011345" box="[388,1381,1091,1118]" collectedFrom="sorted from leaf-litter" collectingDate="2012-12-14" collectionCode="NMSA" collectorName="A. Ndaba &amp; B. Mkhize &amp; G. Zamisa" country="South Africa" elevation="1140" latitude="-27.7507" location="Lancaster Lodge" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="30.7624" municipality="Vryheid" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" specimenCode="W9287" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="78AFFD79FFB5FFD6FE2B503DFE40FB84" box="[388,473,1091,1117]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for holotype; ELMD 19090/T245, ex
<collectionCode id="08B8AE35FFB5FFD6FB1A503DFA91FB84" box="[1205,1288,1091,1117]" collectionName="South Africa, Kwa-Zulu Natal, Pietermaritzburg, Natal Museum" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" name="KwaZulu-Natal Museum" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="Museum">NMSA</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="3E0F9E8BFFB5FFD6FAA0503DFAFCFB84" box="[1295,1381,1091,1117]" collectionCode="NMSA" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" name="KwaZulu-Natal Museum" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="Museum">W9287</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="DEC13CADFFB5FFD6FF125018FB3FFB59" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4423011356" box="[189,1190,1126,1153]" collectedFrom="sorted from leaf-litter" collectingDate="2012-12-14" collectionCode="NMSA" collectorName="A. Ndaba &amp; B. Mkhize &amp; G. Zamisa" country="South Africa" elevation="1140" latitude="-27.7507" location="Lancaster Lodge" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="30.7624" municipality="Vryheid" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" specimenCode="NHMUK 20230172, W9287" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="78AFFD79FFB5FFD6FF125018FE8BFB58" box="[189,274,1126,1153]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="generic">1 spec.</specimenCount>
; same collection data as for holotype;
<specimenCode id="3E0F9E8BFFB5FFD6FD7B5019FC5BFB59" box="[724,962,1126,1153]" collectionCode="NHMUK" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34665" name="Natural History Museum, London" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="Museum">NHMUK 20230172</specimenCode>
, ex
<collectionCode id="08B8AE35FFB5FFD6FC5E5018FBDDFB59" box="[1009,1092,1126,1152]" collectionName="South Africa, Kwa-Zulu Natal, Pietermaritzburg, Natal Museum" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" name="KwaZulu-Natal Museum" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="Museum">NMSA</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="3E0F9E8BFFB5FFD6FBE45018FB3FFB59" box="[1099,1190,1126,1152]" collectionCode="NMSA" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34985" name="KwaZulu-Natal Museum" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="Museum">W9287</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6E1636F0FFB5FFD6FF1250D9FE60FB18" blockId="23.[189,505,1191,1217]" box="[189,505,1191,1217]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<heading id="355E819CFFB5FFD6FF1250D9FE60FB18" bold="true" box="[189,505,1191,1217]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" reason="3">
<emphasis id="5CDDEAE2FFB5FFD6FF1250D9FE60FB18" bold="true" box="[189,505,1191,1217]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Other material examined</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6E1636F0FFB5FFD6FF1250A8FE2CFACD" blockId="23.[189,1398,1238,1300]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<materialsCitation id="DEC13CADFFB5FFD6FF1250A8FE28FACD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4423011340" collectedFrom="sorted from leaf-litter" collectingDate="2012-12-14" collectionCode="NMSA" collectorName="A. Ndaba &amp; B. Mkhize &amp; G. Zamisa" country="South Africa" elevation="1140" latitude="-27.7507" location="KwaZulu-Natal" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="30.7624" municipality="Vryheid" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-adult="1" specimenCount-juvenile="1" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">
<collectingCountry id="16BE7660FFB5FFD6FF1250A8FE14FB29" box="[189,397,1238,1264]" name="South Africa" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">SOUTH AFRICA</collectingCountry>
–
<emphasis id="5CDDEAE2FFB5FFD6FE0A50A8FDF3FB29" bold="true" box="[421,618,1238,1264]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<collectingRegion id="AC6DF812FFB5FFD6FE0A50A8FDF3FB29" box="[421,618,1238,1264]" country="South Africa" name="KwaZulu-Natal" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">KwaZulu-Natal</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
• 2 specs (
<specimenCount id="78AFFD79FFB5FFD6FD4650A8FCA3FB29" box="[745,826,1238,1264]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="adult">1 adult</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="78AFFD79FFB5FFD6FCEC50A8FC25FB29" box="[835,956,1238,1264]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="juvenile">1 juvenile</specimenCount>
); same collection data as for holotype; NMSA-Mol 0P2353
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="26B3657BFFB5FFD8FF125144FC01FE3C" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="description">
<paragraph id="6E1636F0FFB5FFD6FF125144FED7FA8D" blockId="23.[189,334,1338,1364]" box="[189,334,1338,1364]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<heading id="355E819CFFB5FFD6FF125144FED7FA8D" bold="true" box="[189,334,1338,1364]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" reason="3">
<emphasis id="5CDDEAE2FFB5FFD6FF125144FED7FA8D" bold="true" box="[189,334,1338,1364]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Description</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6E1636F0FFB5FFD6FF125117FCB5F803" blockId="23.[188,1401,1385,2010]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<smallCapsWord id="68F0A02CFFB5FFD6FF125117FE9BFA5B" baselines="1404,1405" box="[189,258,1385,1411]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Shell" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">SHELL</smallCapsWord>
(
<figureCitation id="F6922A75FFB5FFD6FEBA5117FEF7FA5A" box="[277,366,1385,1412]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="24.[189,232,1935,1961]" captionTargetBox="[194,1393,288,1880]" captionTargetId="figure-19@24.[189,1398,266,1884]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Fig. 12. Gulella libertas sp. nov., holotype (NMSA W9287/T4601), length 2.6 mm, width 1.2 mm. A. Aperture view. B. Side view. C. Detail of aperture. D. Oblique view of base showing umbilicus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8420738" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8420738/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
). Shell minute, sub-cylindrical, length
<quantity id="A9519B15FFB5FFD6FC935117FC54FA5D" box="[828,973,1385,1412]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.45" metricValueMax="2.7" metricValueMin="2.2" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="2.45" valueMax="2.7" valueMin="2.2">2.2–2.7 mm</quantity>
, width
<quantity id="A9519B15FFB5FFD6FB8A5117FB2EFA5D" box="[1061,1207,1385,1412]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="1.15" valueMax="1.2" valueMin="1.1">1.1–1.2 mm</quantity>
, L:W 2.03–2.29 (n = 6). Protoconch approx.
<quantity id="A9519B15FFB5FFD6FDAC51F3FDC2FA7E" box="[515,603,1421,1447]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="0.7">0.7 mm</quantity>
in diameter, comprising 2.25 whorls, smooth (
<figureCitation id="F6922A75FFB5FFD6FBD951F2FA9CFA7E" box="[1142,1285,1420,1447]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="24.[189,232,1935,1961]" captionTargetBox="[194,1393,288,1880]" captionTargetId="figure-19@24.[189,1398,266,1884]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Fig. 12. Gulella libertas sp. nov., holotype (NMSA W9287/T4601), length 2.6 mm, width 1.2 mm. A. Aperture view. B. Side view. C. Detail of aperture. D. Oblique view of base showing umbilicus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8420738" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8420738/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 12A–B</figureCitation>
); junction between protoconch and teleoconch distinct.Teleoconch comprising approx. 5 whorls; first whorl convex, others weakly so; first 0.25 whorl with fine, closely spaced riblets, remainder with widely-spaced axial ribs, strong below suture and fading out before reaching next suture except on body whorl (
<figureCitation id="F6922A75FFB5FFD6FB745188FAF2F9C9" box="[1243,1387,1526,1552]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="24.[189,232,1935,1961]" captionTargetBox="[194,1393,288,1880]" captionTargetId="figure-19@24.[189,1398,266,1884]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Fig. 12. Gulella libertas sp. nov., holotype (NMSA W9287/T4601), length 2.6 mm, width 1.2 mm. A. Aperture view. B. Side view. C. Detail of aperture. D. Oblique view of base showing umbilicus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8420738" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8420738/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 12A–B</figureCitation>
). Peristome very thick and reflected. Aperture more or less quadrate, base rounded; apertural dentition seven-fold (
<figureCitation id="F6922A75FFB5FFD6FEE35242FE22F98E" box="[332,443,1596,1623]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="24.[189,232,1935,1961]" captionTargetBox="[194,1393,288,1880]" captionTargetId="figure-19@24.[189,1398,266,1884]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Fig. 12. Gulella libertas sp. nov., holotype (NMSA W9287/T4601), length 2.6 mm, width 1.2 mm. A. Aperture view. B. Side view. C. Detail of aperture. D. Oblique view of base showing umbilicus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8420738" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8420738/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 12C</figureCitation>
): 1) an angular parietal lamella, with an oblique ridge extending from angle to middle of parietal region, almost forming a buttress, side of lamella facing labral sinus concave, running into aperture medial to angle, 2–3) two labral teeth fused to form a large plate, the lower tooth stronger, 4) a low, inset transverse basal tooth slightly to right of centre, 5) an in-running, ridge-like basal tooth well to left of centre beginning at base of columella lip, 6) a prominent tooth in middle of columella lip and 7) a large, broadly rounded columella lamella. A weak ridge appears to join the tooth on columella lip and columella lamella in some specimens. Labral tooth corresponds with a deep pit behind outer lip (
<figureCitation id="F6922A75FFB5FFD6FF43534DFEC1F894" box="[236,344,1843,1869]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="24.[189,232,1935,1961]" captionTargetBox="[194,1393,288,1880]" captionTargetId="figure-19@24.[189,1398,266,1884]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Fig. 12. Gulella libertas sp. nov., holotype (NMSA W9287/T4601), length 2.6 mm, width 1.2 mm. A. Aperture view. B. Side view. C. Detail of aperture. D. Oblique view of base showing umbilicus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8420738" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8420738/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 12B</figureCitation>
). When viewed from either side, profile of aperture juts out in position of teeth on labrum and columella lip, which lie opposite each other. Umbilicus widely open, more or less circular, approx.
<quantity id="A9519B15FFB5FFD6FF125307FEB1F84D" box="[189,296,1913,1940]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="0.12">0.12 mm</quantity>
in diameter (
<figureCitation id="F6922A75FFB5FFD6FE645307FDA2F84A" box="[459,571,1913,1939]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="24.[189,232,1935,1961]" captionTargetBox="[194,1393,288,1880]" captionTargetId="figure-19@24.[189,1398,266,1884]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Fig. 12. Gulella libertas sp. nov., holotype (NMSA W9287/T4601), length 2.6 mm, width 1.2 mm. A. Aperture view. B. Side view. C. Detail of aperture. D. Oblique view of base showing umbilicus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8420738" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8420738/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 12D</figureCitation>
). Tooth in middle of columella lip corresponds with an elongated pit behind columella lip which joins the umbilicus (
<figureCitation id="F6922A75FFB5FFD6FCA453E2FCE2F86E" box="[779,891,1948,1975]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="24.[189,232,1935,1961]" captionTargetBox="[194,1393,288,1880]" captionTargetId="figure-19@24.[189,1398,266,1884]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Fig. 12. Gulella libertas sp. nov., holotype (NMSA W9287/T4601), length 2.6 mm, width 1.2 mm. A. Aperture view. B. Side view. C. Detail of aperture. D. Oblique view of base showing umbilicus." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8420738" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8420738/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 12D</figureCitation>
). Shell translucent when fresh, red-orange coloration of dried tissue of animal visible internally.
</paragraph>
<caption id="3AD66678FFBAFFD9FF1253F1FADCF814" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8420738" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8420738" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8420738/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" startId="24.[189,232,1935,1961]" targetBox="[194,1393,288,1880]" targetPageId="24">
<paragraph id="6E1636F0FFBAFFD9FF1253F1FADCF814" blockId="24.[189,1399,1935,1997]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="5CDDEAE2FFBAFFD9FF1253F1FE87F870" bold="true" box="[189,286,1935,1961]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Fig. 12.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="A9A94D73FFBAFFD9FE8653F1FE7FF870" authority="Cole &amp; Herbert, 2023" authorityName="Cole &amp; Herbert" authorityYear="2023" box="[297,486,1935,1961]" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Gulella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="libertas" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="5CDDEAE2FFBAFFD9FE8653F1FE7FF870" box="[297,486,1935,1961]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Gulella libertas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="47EE5799FFBAFFD9FE5F53EEFDC8F873" box="[496,593,1936,1962]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype (NMSA W9287/T4601), length 2.6 mm, width 1.2 mm.
<emphasis id="5CDDEAE2FFBAFFD9FF1253CCFF4BF815" bold="true" box="[189,210,1970,1996]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">A</emphasis>
. Aperture view.
<emphasis id="5CDDEAE2FFBAFFD9FE3C53CDFE3EF814" bold="true" box="[403,423,1971,1997]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">B</emphasis>
. Side view.
<emphasis id="5CDDEAE2FFBAFFD9FD9753CCFDD4F815" bold="true" box="[568,589,1970,1996]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">C</emphasis>
. Detail of aperture.
<emphasis id="5CDDEAE2FFBAFFD9FC9653CDFCD7F814" bold="true" box="[825,846,1971,1997]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">D</emphasis>
. Oblique view of base showing umbilicus.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="6E1636F0FFBBFFD8FF125577FE2CFEFA" blockId="25.[189,437,265,291]" box="[189,437,265,291]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="5CDDEAE2FFBBFFD8FF125577FECFFEFA" bold="true" box="[189,342,265,291]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Distribution</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="F6922A75FFBBFFD8FEC95577FE35FEFA" box="[358,428,265,291]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="17.[189,232,1928,1954]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,968,1884]" captionTargetId="figure-178@17.[189,1398,968,1884]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Fig. 9. Distribution map of Gulella hlathikhulu sp. nov. (green circles), G. nkandla sp. nov. (yellow triangles), G. mystica sp. nov. (red squares) and G. libertas sp. nov. (blue circle) in north-central KwaZulu-Natal. Contours at 1000 m and 2000 m." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8420730" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8420730/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6E1636F0FFBBFFD8FF125546FE4EFEAC" blockId="25.[189,1399,311,373]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
Known only from the outskirts of the town of Vryheid in north-central
<collectingRegion id="AC6DF812FFBBFFD8FB9D5549FB74FE88" box="[1074,1261,311,337]" country="South Africa" name="KwaZulu-Natal" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">KwaZulu-Natal</collectingRegion>
, at approx.
<quantity id="A9519B15FFBBFFD8FF125525FE8CFEAC" box="[189,277,347,373]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.14" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" unit="m" value="1140.0">1140 m</quantity>
above sea level.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6E1636F0FFBBFFD8FF1255E2FE84FE6F" blockId="25.[189,285,412,438]" box="[189,285,412,438]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<heading id="355E819CFFBBFFD8FF1255E2FE84FE6F" bold="true" box="[189,285,412,438]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" reason="3">
<emphasis id="5CDDEAE2FFBBFFD8FF1255E2FE84FE6F" bold="true" box="[189,285,412,438]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Habitat</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6E1636F0FFBBFFD8FF1255B5FC01FE3C" blockId="25.[189,920,459,485]" box="[189,920,459,485]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
Northern Afrotemperate Forest (
<bibRefCitation id="0A384B01FFBBFFD8FD9855B5FC15FE3C" author="Mucina L. &amp; Geldenhuys C. J." box="[567,908,459,485]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="585 - 614" refId="ref14100" refString="Mucina L. &amp; Geldenhuys C. J. 2006. Afrotemperate, subtropical and azonal forests. In: Mucina L. &amp; Rutherford M. C. (eds) The Vegetation of South Africa, Lesotho and Swaziland. Strelitzia 19: 585 - 614. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria." type="journal article" year="2006">Mucina &amp; Geldenhuys 2006</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="26B3657BFFBBFFD8FF125672FCD3FC41" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="6E1636F0FFBBFFD8FF125672FEB6FDFF" blockId="25.[189,303,524,550]" box="[189,303,524,550]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<heading id="355E819CFFBBFFD8FF125672FEB6FDFF" bold="true" box="[189,303,524,550]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" reason="3">
<emphasis id="5CDDEAE2FFBBFFD8FF125672FEB6FDFF" bold="true" box="[189,303,524,550]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6E1636F0FFBBFFD8FF125645FC31FD38" blockId="25.[188,1399,571,738]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<taxonomicName id="A9A94D73FFBBFFD8FF125645FEE5FD8C" authority="Cole &amp; Herbert, 2023" authorityName="Cole &amp; Herbert" authorityYear="2023" box="[189,380,571,597]" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Gulella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="libertas" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="5CDDEAE2FFBBFFD8FF125645FEE5FD8C" box="[189,380,571,597]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Gulella libertas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="47EE5799FFBBFFD8FE275645FE71FD8C" box="[392,488,571,597]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
resembles
<taxonomicName id="A9A94D73FFBBFFD8FDD95645FC65FD8C" authority="(Burnup, 1914)" baseAuthorityName="Burnup" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[630,1020,571,597]" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Gulella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="melvilli">
<emphasis id="5CDDEAE2FFBBFFD8FDD95645FCABFD8C" box="[630,818,571,597]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Gulella melvilli</emphasis>
(Burnup, 1914)
</taxonomicName>
, an uncommon species widely distributed in the interior of
<collectingRegion id="AC6DF812FFBBFFD8FDA55620FD5FFDA1" box="[522,710,606,632]" country="South Africa" name="KwaZulu-Natal" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">KwaZulu-Natal</collectingRegion>
. The major differences are that the axial ribs of
<taxonomicName id="A9A94D73FFBBFFD8FB565620FAEEFDA1" authorityName="Cole &amp; Herbert" authorityYear="2023" box="[1273,1399,606,632]" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Gulella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="libertas">
<emphasis id="5CDDEAE2FFBBFFD8FB565620FAEEFDA1" box="[1273,1399,606,632]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">G. libertas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are stronger, rendering the subsutural region crenulate, and there is a prominent tooth in the middle of the columella lip.
<taxonomicName id="A9A94D73FFBBFFD8FE2456DAFCE2FD67" authority="(Melvill &amp; Ponsonby, 1903)" baseAuthorityName="Melvill &amp; Ponsonby" baseAuthorityYear="1903" box="[395,891,676,702]" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Gulella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sylvia">
<emphasis id="5CDDEAE2FFBBFFD8FE2456DAFDB4FD67" box="[395,557,676,702]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Gulella sylvia</emphasis>
(Melvill &amp; Ponsonby, 1903)
</taxonomicName>
from the
<collectingRegion id="AC6DF812FFBBFFD8FC4556DBFB1DFD67" box="[1002,1156,676,703]" country="South Africa" name="Eastern Cape" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Eastern Cape</collectingRegion>
has similar apertural dentition, but it is smooth and has a bicuspid columella lamella.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6E1636F0FFBBFFD8FF125777FEFCFCFA" blockId="25.[189,357,777,803]" box="[189,357,777,803]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<heading id="355E819CFFBBFFD8FF125777FEFCFCFA" bold="true" box="[189,357,777,803]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" reason="3">
<emphasis id="5CDDEAE2FFBBFFD8FF125777FEFCFCFA" bold="true" box="[189,357,777,803]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Conservation</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6E1636F0FFBBFFD8FF125749FCD3FC41" blockId="25.[189,1400,823,920]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<taxonomicName id="A9A94D73FFBBFFD8FF125749FEEEFC88" authority="Cole &amp; Herbert, 2023" authorityName="Cole &amp; Herbert" authorityYear="2023" box="[189,375,823,849]" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Gulella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="libertas" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="5CDDEAE2FFBBFFD8FF125749FEEEFC88" box="[189,375,823,849]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Gulella libertas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="47EE5799FFBBFFD8FED05746FE43FC8B" box="[383,474,824,850]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
appears to be a very rare species, known only from the
<typeStatus id="B1128852FFBBFFD8FBDC5746FB3FFC8B" box="[1139,1190,824,850]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">type</typeStatus>
locality, which is not within a formally protected area. A local, municipal nature reserve, Vryheid Hill Nature Reserve, is nearby and it is likely that the species also occurs there.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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