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<mods:title id="4DDE3D3787B9259A8C6467D3567641EC">Revision of the sesarmid crab genera Labuanium Serène and Soh, 1970, Scandarma Schubart, Liu and Cuesta, 2003 and Namlacium Serène and Soh, 1970 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Sesarmidae), with descriptions of four new genera and two new species</mods:title>
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<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFCFBE476E03FF100D679F80" bold="true" box="[304,567,142,168]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="481">Scandarma gracilipes</emphasis>
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(H. 
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), comb. nov.
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(
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(c), 19–21)
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<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFCFBE476F93FF780E349FD7" box="[160,356,230,255]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="481">Sesarma impressa</emphasis>
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? 
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFCFBE476E45FF780EE59FD7" box="[374,437,230,255]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="481">junior</emphasis>
: 
<bibRefCitation id="5D654B39FFCFBE476EF1FF780C449FD7" author="Hombron JB &amp; Jacquinot H" box="[450,788,230,255]" pageId="37" pageNumber="481" pagination="1 - 9" refId="ref42122" refString="Hombron JB, Jacquinot H. 1842 - 1854. Crustaces. Atlas d'Histoire Naturelle. Zoologie. Voyage au Pole Sud et dans l'Oceanie sur les corvettes l'Astrolabe et la Zelee pendant les annees 1837 - 1838 - 1839 - 1840 sous le commandement de M. Dumont d'Urville, Capitaine de vaisseau, publie par ordre du Gouvernement et sous la direction superieure de M. Jacquinot, Capitaine de vaisseau, Commandant de la Zelee. Crustaces. pl. 1 - 9." type="book chapter" year="1842">Hombron and Jacquinot 1842</bibRefCitation>
–1854 (1846), pl. 6, fig. 5.
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<treatmentCitation id="B85510D9FFCFBE476F93FE960D879E09" author="Milne Edwards H" box="[160,727,264,289]" page="182" pageId="37" pageNumber="481" year="1853">
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFCFBE476F93FE960DD09E09" ID-CoL="8de7c595-1831-4d78-ae39-f45c358a6801" authority="H. Milne Edwards 1853" authorityName="H. Milne Edwards" authorityYear="1853" box="[160,640,264,289]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Sesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="37" pageNumber="481" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilipes">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFCFBE476F93FE960E3C9E09" box="[160,364,264,289]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="481">Sesarma gracilipes</emphasis>
H. 
<bibRefCitation id="5D654B39FFCFBE476EA4FE960DD09E09" author="Milne Edwards H" box="[407,640,264,289]" pageId="37" pageNumber="481" pagination="163 - 228" refId="ref43918" refString="Milne Edwards H. 1853. Memoire sur la Famille des Ocypodiens. Ann Scie Nat Zool. 20 (3): 163 - 228, pls. 6 - 11." type="journal article" year="1853">Milne Edwards 1853</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 182
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locality: 
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1854, p. 72; De Man 1887, p. 645, 663.
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<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFCFBE476F93FED00E279E4F" box="[160,375,334,359]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="481">Sesarma compressa</emphasis>
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? 
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFCFBE476EB9FED00E999E4F" box="[394,457,334,359]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="481">junior</emphasis>
: H. 
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, p. 182
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[incorrect spelling of 
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<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFCFBE476B14FED00E709EA1" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="481">Sesarma impressa</emphasis>
H. 
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–1840 (1837)]
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<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFCFBE476F93FE0D0D4B9E84" authority="Hess, 1865, p. 24" authorityName="Hess" authorityPageNumber="24" authorityYear="1865" box="[160,539,403,428]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Sesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="37" pageNumber="481" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schuetteii">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFCFBE476F93FE0D0E319E84" box="[160,353,403,428]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="481">Sesarma schuetteii</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5D654B39FFCFBE476E54FE0D0E899E84" author="Hess W" box="[359,473,403,428]" pageId="37" pageNumber="481" pagination="127 - 173" refId="ref41950" refString="Hess W. 1865. Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Decapoden-Krebse Ost-Australiens. Arch Naturg. 36: 127 - 173, pls. 1, 2." type="book chapter" year="1865">Hess, 1865</bibRefCitation>
, p. 24
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, pl. 6, fig. 11*; 
<treatmentCitation id="B85510D9FFCFBE476D86FE0D0CC99E84" author="Kingsley JS" box="[693,921,403,428]" page="217" pageId="37" pageNumber="481" year="1880">
<bibRefCitation id="5D654B39FFCFBE476D86FE0D0C199E84" author="Kingsley JS" box="[693,841,403,428]" pageId="37" pageNumber="481" pagination="187 - 224" refId="ref42417" refString="Kingsley JS. 1880. Carcinological notes. No. IV. Synopsis of the grapsidae. Proc Acad Nat Sci Phila. 1880: 187 - 224." type="journal article" year="1880">Kingsley 1880</bibRefCitation>
, p. 217
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; 
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, p. 109
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.
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<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFCFBE476F93FE280EDF9EE7" box="[160,399,438,463]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Labuanium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="37" pageNumber="481" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracillipes">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFCFBE476F93FE280EDF9EE7" box="[160,399,438,463]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="481">Labuanium gracillipes</emphasis>
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[sic]: 
<treatmentCitation id="B85510D9FFCFBE476EE3FE280C439EE7" author="Serene R &amp; Soh CL" box="[464,787,438,463]" page="402" pageId="37" pageNumber="481" year="1970">
<bibRefCitation id="5D654B39FFCFBE476EE3FE280DEF9EE7" author="Serene R &amp; Soh CL" box="[464,703,438,463]" pageId="37" pageNumber="481" pagination="387 - 416" refId="ref46714" refString="Serene R, Soh CL. 1970. New Indo-Pacific genera allied to Sesarma Say, 1817 (Brachyura, Decapoda, Crustacea). Treubia. 27 (4): 387 - 416." type="journal article" year="1970">Serène and Soh 1970</bibRefCitation>
, p. 402
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; 
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<bibRefCitation id="5D654B39FFCFBE476C2DFE280C979EE7" author="Ng PKL &amp; Guinot D &amp; Davie PJF" box="[798,967,438,463]" pageId="37" pageNumber="481" pagination="1 - 286" refId="ref44591" refString="Ng PKL, Guinot D, Davie PJF. 2008 a. Systema Brachyurorum: part I. An annotated checklist of extant brachyuran crabs of the world. Raffles Bull Zool Suppl. 17: 1 - 286." type="journal article" year="2008">Ng et al. 2008a</bibRefCitation>
, p. 221
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(part).
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<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFCFBE476F93FE460DC49ED9" ID-CoL="7WTQV" authority=": Ng et al. 2008 a, p. 221" authorityName="Ng" authorityPageNumber="221" authorityYear="2008" box="[160,660,472,497]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Labuanium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="37" pageNumber="481" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schuetteii">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFCFBE476F93FE460EDA9ED9" box="[160,394,472,497]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="481">Labuanium schuetteii</emphasis>
: 
<bibRefCitation id="5D654B39FFCFBE476EA4FE460D109ED9" author="Ng PKL &amp; Guinot D &amp; Davie PJF" box="[407,576,472,497]" pageId="37" pageNumber="481" pagination="1 - 286" refId="ref44591" refString="Ng PKL, Guinot D, Davie PJF. 2008 a. Systema Brachyurorum: part I. An annotated checklist of extant brachyuran crabs of the world. Raffles Bull Zool Suppl. 17: 1 - 286." type="journal article" year="2008">Ng et al. 2008a</bibRefCitation>
, p. 221
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<paragraph id="394B36C8FFCFBE476F93FE650CEF9D1F" blockId="37.[160,1156,230,567]" pageId="37" pageNumber="481">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="19E411E6FFCFBE476F93FE650CEF9D1F" pageId="37" pageNumber="481">
Not 
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFCFBE476FE5FE650DFB9D3C" box="[214,683,507,532]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="481">
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFCFBE476FE5FE650E949D3C" ID-CoL="84H9N" baseAuthorityName="H.Milne Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[214,452,507,532]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Scandarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="37" pageNumber="481" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilipes">Scandarma gracilipes</taxonomicName>
: 
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFCFBE476EE5FE650DFB9D3C" ID-CoL="7Z29L" authorityName="Ortmann" authorityYear="1894" box="[470,683,507,532]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Sesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="37" pageNumber="481" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jacquinoti">Sesarma jacquinoti</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
; 
<treatmentCitation id="B85510D9FFCFBE476D8EFE650C869D3C" author="Ortmann AE" box="[701,982,507,532]" page="718" pageId="37" pageNumber="481" year="1894">
<bibRefCitation id="5D654B39FFCFBE476D8EFE650C2A9D3C" author="Ortmann AE" box="[701,890,507,532]" pageId="37" pageNumber="481" pagination="683 - 772" refId="ref45398" refString="Ortmann AE. 1894 b. Die Decapoden-Krebse des Strassburger Museums, mit besonderer Berucksichtigung der von Herrn Dr. Doderlein bei Japan und bei den Liu-Kiu-Inseln gesammelten und zur Zeit im Strassburger Museum aufbewahrten Formen. VIII Thiel. Abtheilung: Brachyura (Brachyura Genuina Boas), III. Unterabtheilung: Cancroidea, 2. Section: Cancrinea, 2. Gruppe: Catametopa. Zool Jahrb Abt Syst Geogr Biol Thiere. 7 (5): 683 - 772, pl. 23." type="journal article" year="1894">Ortmann, 1894b</bibRefCitation>
, p. 718
</treatmentCitation>
= 
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFCFBE476CCCFE650D0F9D1F" ID-CoL="7V4P9" authority="(A. Milne-Edwards 1869)" baseAuthorityName="A. Milne-Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1869" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Geosesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="37" pageNumber="481" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angustifrons">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFCFBE476CCCFE650E179D1F" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="481">Geosesarma angustifrons</emphasis>
(A. 
<bibRefCitation id="5D654B39FFCFBE476E40FD800D079D1F" author="Milne-Edwards A" box="[371,599,542,567]" pageId="37" pageNumber="481" pagination="25 - 31" refId="ref43951" refString="Milne-Edwards A. 1869. Notes sur quelques nouvelles especes du genre Sesarma (Say). Nouv Arch Mus Hist Nat Paris. 5: 25 - 31." type="journal article" year="1869">Milne-Edwards 1869</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
(See Remarks on 
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFCFBE476C14FD800CE29D1F" ID-CoL="84H9N" baseAuthorityName="H.Milne Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[807,946,542,567]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Scandarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="37" pageNumber="481" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilipes">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFCFBE476C14FD800CE29D1F" box="[807,946,542,567]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="481">Sc. gracilipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="6D8B6640FFCFBE476F93F9FB0C1F99FC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4609192" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4609192" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4609192/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="481" startId="37.[160,225,1637,1660]" targetBox="[163,1153,643,1605]" targetPageId="37">
<paragraph id="394B36C8FFCFBE476F93F9FB0C1F99FC" blockId="37.[160,1157,1637,1748]" pageId="37" pageNumber="481">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFCFBE476F93F9FB0E579954" bold="true" box="[160,263,1637,1660]" pageId="37" pageNumber="481">Figure 19.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFCFBE476E3DF9FB0E8A9954" baseAuthorityName="H.Milne Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[270,474,1637,1660]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Scandarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="37" pageNumber="481" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilipes">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFCFBE476E3DF9FB0E8A9954" box="[270,474,1637,1660]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="481">Scandarma gracilipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(H. 
<bibRefCitation id="5D654B39FFCFBE476D37F9FB0D809954" author="Milne Edwards H" box="[516,720,1637,1660]" pageId="37" pageNumber="481" pagination="163 - 228" refId="ref43918" refString="Milne Edwards H. 1853. Memoire sur la Famille des Ocypodiens. Ann Scie Nat Zool. 20 (3): 163 - 228, pls. 6 - 11." type="journal article" year="1853">Milne Edwards, 1853</bibRefCitation>
), comb. nov. a–c, lectotype of 
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFCFBE476B30F9FB0B2E9954" box="[1027,1150,1637,1660]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="481">
Se. 
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFCFBE476B16F9FB0B2E9954" baseAuthorityName="H.Milne Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[1061,1150,1637,1660]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Scandarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="37" pageNumber="481" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilipes">gracilipes</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
, MNHN-B3947, male, 16.6 × 17.3 mm (Tonga); a, habitus, dorsal view; b, right chela, outer view; c, right cheliped, upper view; d, holotype of 
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFCFBE476D2CF93E0C1A999F" authority="Hess, 1865" authorityName="Hess" authorityYear="1865" box="[543,842,1696,1719]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Sesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="37" pageNumber="481" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schuetteii">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFCFBE476D2CF93E0D84999F" box="[543,724,1696,1719]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="481">Sesarma schuetteii</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5D654B39FFCFBE476DEDF93E0C1A999F" author="Hess W" box="[734,842,1696,1719]" pageId="37" pageNumber="481" pagination="127 - 173" refId="ref41950" refString="Hess W. 1865. Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Decapoden-Krebse Ost-Australiens. Arch Naturg. 36: 127 - 173, pls. 1, 2." type="book chapter" year="1865">Hess, 1865</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(now a junior synonym of 
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFCFBE476B5AF93E0FA999FC" baseAuthorityName="H.Milne Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1853" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Scandarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="37" pageNumber="481" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilipes">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFCFBE476B5AF93E0FA999FC" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="481">Sc. gracilipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), outer surface of right chela (after 
<bibRefCitation id="5D654B39FFCFBE476D6FF9230D9099FC" author="Hess W" box="[604,704,1725,1748]" pageId="37" pageNumber="481" pagination="127 - 173" refId="ref41950" refString="Hess W. 1865. Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Decapoden-Krebse Ost-Australiens. Arch Naturg. 36: 127 - 173, pls. 1, 2." type="book chapter" year="1865">Hess 1865</bibRefCitation>
, pl. 6, fig. 11).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="6D8B6640FFCCBE446FACFBCE0DE89BAD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4609194" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4609194" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4609194/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="482" startId="38.[159,224,1104,1127]" targetBox="[163,1153,142,1072]" targetPageId="38">
<paragraph id="394B36C8FFCCBE446FACFBCE0DE89BAD" blockId="38.[159,1157,1104,1157]" pageId="38" pageNumber="482">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFCCBE446FACFBCE0E579B4F" bold="true" box="[159,263,1104,1127]" pageId="38" pageNumber="482">Figure 20.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFCCBE446E3EFBCE0E889B4F" baseAuthorityName="H.Milne Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[269,472,1104,1127]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Scandarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="38" pageNumber="482" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilipes">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFCCBE446E3EFBCE0E889B4F" box="[269,472,1104,1127]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="482">Scandarma gracilipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(H. 
<bibRefCitation id="5D654B39FFCCBE446D32FBCE0D9C9B4F" author="Milne Edwards H" box="[513,716,1104,1127]" pageId="38" pageNumber="482" pagination="163 - 228" refId="ref43918" refString="Milne Edwards H. 1853. Memoire sur la Famille des Ocypodiens. Ann Scie Nat Zool. 20 (3): 163 - 228, pls. 6 - 11." type="journal article" year="1853">Milne Edwards, 1853</bibRefCitation>
), comb. nov. Lectotype, MNHN-B3947, male, 16.6 × 17.3 mm (Tonga). Cephalothorax, ventral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="71EE6543FFCCBE456F93FB210DA09CB5" lastPageId="39" lastPageNumber="483" pageId="38" pageNumber="482" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="394B36C8FFCCBE446F93FB210E2F9BF1" blockId="38.[160,1156,1215,1310]" box="[160,383,1215,1241]" pageId="38" pageNumber="482">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFCCBE446F93FB210E2F9BF1" bold="true" box="[160,383,1215,1241]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="482">Material examined</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="394B36C8FFCCBE446F93FB7C0C029A36" blockId="38.[160,1156,1215,1310]" pageId="38" pageNumber="482">
<materialsCitation id="899C3C95FFCCBE446F93FB7C0C029A36" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3762866322" collectionCode="MNHN-B" country="Tonga" location="Vavao" pageId="38" pageNumber="482" specimenCode="MNHN-B3947" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Vava'u" typeStatus="lectotype">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFCCBE446F93FB7C0E489BD4" bold="true" box="[160,280,1250,1276]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="482">
<typeStatus id="E64F886AFFCCBE446F93FB7C0E449BD4" box="[160,276,1250,1276]" pageId="38" pageNumber="482" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
<specimenCode id="69529EB3FFCCBE446E1AFB7D0E939BD4" box="[297,451,1251,1276]" collectionCode="MNHN-B" pageId="38" pageNumber="482">MNHN-B3947</specimenCode>
, male, 16.6 × 
<quantity id="FE0C9B2DFFCCBE446D5AFB7D0D819BD4" box="[617,721,1251,1276]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.73" pageId="38" pageNumber="482" unit="mm" value="17.3">17.3 mm</quantity>
, 
<location id="3C2B6013FFCCBE446DEDFB7D0C729BD4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B15D87DEFFCFBE4E6E03FF100D039A5D:3C2B6013FFCCBE446DEDFB7D0C729BD4" box="[734,802,1251,1276]" country="Tonga" name="Vavao" pageId="38" pageNumber="482" stateProvince="Vava'u">Vavao</location>
(
<collectingRegion id="FB30F82AFFCCBE446C01FB7D0CD09BD4" box="[818,896,1251,1276]" country="Tonga" name="Vava'u" pageId="38" pageNumber="482">Vava’u</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry id="41E37658FFCCBE446CBDFB7D0C869BD4" box="[910,982,1251,1276]" name="Tonga" pageId="38" pageNumber="482">Tonga</collectingCountry>
) (simultaneous 
<typeStatus id="E64F886AFFCCBE446F93FA9B0FAD9A36" box="[160,253,1285,1310]" pageId="38" pageNumber="482" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
of 
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFCCBE446E11FA9B0D3C9A36" authority="Hess, 1865" authorityName="Hess" authorityYear="1865" box="[290,620,1285,1310]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Sesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="38" pageNumber="482" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schuetteii">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFCCBE446E11FA9B0EBD9A36" box="[290,493,1285,1310]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="482">Sesarma schuetteii</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5D654B39FFCCBE446EC7FA9B0D3C9A36" author="Hess W" box="[500,620,1285,1310]" pageId="38" pageNumber="482" pagination="127 - 173" refId="ref41950" refString="Hess W. 1865. Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Decapoden-Krebse Ost-Australiens. Arch Naturg. 36: 127 - 173, pls. 1, 2." type="book chapter" year="1865">Hess, 1865</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, designated herein).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="394B36C8FFCCBE456F93FAC40DA09CB5" blockId="38.[159,1156,1370,1708]" lastBlockId="39.[159,1154,865,925]" lastPageId="39" lastPageNumber="483" pageId="38" pageNumber="482">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFCCBE446F93FAC40FA59A5C" bold="true" box="[160,245,1370,1396]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="482">Others.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="899C3C95FFCCBE446E36FAC40B169A5B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3762866355" box="[261,1094,1370,1395]" collectingDate="2006-09-11" collectionCode="ZRC" collectorName="Whitmee &amp; Island" country="Solomon Islands" county="Espiritu Santo" isTailEnumeration="true" location="Lifu" municipality="Loyalty Islands" pageId="38" pageNumber="482" specimenCode="ZRC 2018.0053" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="8" specimenCount-juvenile="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Guadalcanal">
NHM 1877.24, 
<specimenCount id="2FF2FD41FFCCBE446E91FAC40EBD9A5B" box="[418,493,1370,1395]" pageId="38" pageNumber="482" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
, 17.5 × 
<quantity id="FE0C9B2DFFCCBE446D73FAC40DF19A5B" box="[576,673,1370,1395]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.78" pageId="38" pageNumber="482" unit="mm" value="17.8">17.8 mm</quantity>
, 
<location id="3C2B6013FFCCBE446D98FAC40D859A5B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B15D87DEFFCFBE4E6E03FF100D039A5D:3C2B6013FFCCBE446D98FAC40D859A5B" box="[683,725,1370,1395]" municipality="Loyalty Islands" name="Lifu" pageId="38" pageNumber="482">Lifu</location>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="D92FACB2FFCCBE446DEDFAC40C2D9A5B" box="[734,893,1370,1395]" pageId="38" pageNumber="482">Loyalty Islands</collectingMunicipality>
, coll. S.J. 
<collectorName id="9401531EFFCCBE446CEDFAC40B129A5B" box="[990,1090,1370,1395]" pageId="38" pageNumber="482">Whitmee</collectorName>
;
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="899C3C95FFCCBE446B78FAC40E0F9A91" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3762866359" collectingDate="2006-09-11" collectionCode="ZRC" collectorName="Whitmee &amp; Island" country="Solomon Islands" county="Espiritu Santo" isTailEnumeration="true" location="Lifu" municipality="Loyalty Islands" pageId="38" pageNumber="482" specimenCode="ZRC 2018.0053" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="8" specimenCount-juvenile="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Guadalcanal">
NHM 1936.10.2.1–2, 
<specimenCount id="2FF2FD41FFCCBE446E0DFAE30ED99ABE" box="[318,393,1405,1430]" pageId="38" pageNumber="482" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
, 17.5 × 
<quantity id="FE0C9B2DFFCCBE446EEFFAE30D6E9ABE" box="[476,574,1405,1430]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.83" pageId="38" pageNumber="482" unit="mm" value="18.3">18.3 mm</quantity>
, 
<specimenCount id="2FF2FD41FFCCBE446D74FAE30DF69ABE" box="[583,678,1405,1430]" pageId="38" pageNumber="482" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
, 14.7 × 
<quantity id="FE0C9B2DFFCCBE446DC9FAE30C0B9ABE" box="[762,859,1405,1430]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6199999999999999" pageId="38" pageNumber="482" unit="mm" value="16.2">16.2 mm</quantity>
, 
<location id="3C2B6013FFCCBE446C57FAE30CFA9ABE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B15D87DEFFCFBE4E6E03FF100D039A5D:3C2B6013FFCCBE446C57FAE30CFA9ABE" box="[868,938,1405,1430]" country="Solomon Islands" county="Espiritu Santo" municipality="Luganville" name="Lunga" pageId="38" pageNumber="482" stateProvince="Guadalcanal">Lunga</location>
, 
<collectingRegion id="FB30F82AFFCCBE446C87FAE30B689ABE" box="[948,1080,1405,1430]" country="Solomon Islands" name="Guadalcanal" pageId="38" pageNumber="482">Guadalcanal</collectingRegion>
<collectorName id="9401531EFFCCBE446B0DFAE30B2F9ABE" box="[1086,1151,1405,1430]" pageId="38" pageNumber="482">Island</collectorName>
, 
<collectingCountry id="41E37658FFCCBE446FACFA3E0E0A9A91" box="[159,346,1440,1465]" name="Solomon Islands" pageId="38" pageNumber="482">Solomon Islands</collectingCountry>
;
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="899C3C95FFCCBE446E5FFA3E0ED69909" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3762866319" collectingDate="2006-09-11" collectionCode="ZRC" collectorName="Whitmee &amp; Island" country="Solomon Islands" county="Espiritu Santo" isTailEnumeration="true" location="Lifu" municipality="Loyalty Islands" pageId="38" pageNumber="482" specimenCode="ZRC 2018.0053" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="8" specimenCount-juvenile="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Guadalcanal">
<specimenCode id="69529EB3FFCCBE446E5FFA3E0D479A91" box="[364,535,1440,1465]" collectionCode="ZRC" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="38" pageNumber="482">ZRC 2018.0053</specimenCode>
, 
<specimenCount id="2FF2FD41FFCCBE446D1AFA3E0DC39A91" box="[553,659,1440,1465]" pageId="38" pageNumber="482" type="male">11 males</specimenCount>
, 10.8 × 11.3–17.6 × 
<quantity id="FE0C9B2DFFCCBE446CA0FA3E0CAC9A91" box="[915,1020,1440,1465]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8199999999999998" pageId="38" pageNumber="482" unit="mm" value="18.2">18.2 mm</quantity>
, 
<specimenCount id="2FF2FD41FFCCBE446B3DFA3E0BD09A91" box="[1038,1152,1440,1465]" pageId="38" pageNumber="482" type="female">7 females</specimenCount>
, 10.1 × 11.3–15.7 × 
<quantity id="FE0C9B2DFFCCBE446E45FA5C0E8A9AF3" box="[374,474,1474,1499]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.77" pageId="38" pageNumber="482" unit="mm" value="17.7">17.7 mm</quantity>
, back mangrove near boatshed of 
<collectingCountry id="41E37658FFCCBE446C53FA5C0CEA9AF3" box="[864,954,1474,1499]" name="Vanuatu" pageId="38" pageNumber="482">Vanuatu</collectingCountry>
<location id="3C2B6013FFCCBE446CF0FA5C0B2F9AF3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B15D87DEFFCFBE4E6E03FF100D039A5D:3C2B6013FFCCBE446CF0FA5C0B2F9AF3" box="[963,1151,1474,1499]" country="Solomon Islands" county="Espiritu Santo" municipality="Luganville" name="Maritime College" pageId="38" pageNumber="482" stateProvince="Guadalcanal">Maritime College</location>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="D92FACB2FFCCBE446FACFA7B0E5F9AD6" box="[159,271,1509,1534]" pageId="38" pageNumber="482">Luganville</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<collectingCounty id="D02A4E44FFCCBE446E2EFA7B0EE79AD6" box="[285,439,1509,1534]" pageId="38" pageNumber="482">Espiritu Santo</collectingCounty>
, 
<collectingCountry id="41E37658FFCCBE446EF6FA7B0D729AD6" box="[453,546,1509,1534]" name="Vanuatu" pageId="38" pageNumber="482">Vanuatu</collectingCountry>
, coll. P.K.L. Ng, H.H. Tan, S.H. Tan and J.C.E. 
<collectorName id="9401531EFFCCBE446B2AFA7B0BD09AD6" box="[1049,1152,1509,1534]" pageId="38" pageNumber="482">Mendoza</collectorName>
, 
<date id="4D4A1008FFCCBE446FACF9960ED19909" box="[159,385,1544,1569]" pageId="38" pageNumber="482" value="2006-09-11">
<collectingDate id="5D0EE9E0FFCCBE446FACF9960ED19909" box="[159,385,1544,1569]" pageId="38" pageNumber="482" value="2006-09-11">11 September 2006</collectingDate>
</date>
;
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="899C3C95FFCCBE446EA2F9960D17994E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3762866379" collectingDate="2006-09-11" collectionCode="ZRC" collectorName="Whitmee &amp; Island" country="Solomon Islands" county="Espiritu Santo" isTailEnumeration="true" location="Lifu" municipality="Loyalty Islands" pageId="38" pageNumber="482" specimenCode="ZRC 2018.0053" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="8" specimenCount-juvenile="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Guadalcanal">
<specimenCode id="69529EB3FFCCBE446EA2F9960D6A9909" box="[401,570,1544,1569]" collectionCode="ZRC" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="38" pageNumber="482">ZRC 2018.0054</specimenCode>
, 
<specimenCount id="2FF2FD41FFCCBE446D7AF9960DF49909" box="[585,676,1544,1569]" pageId="38" pageNumber="482" type="male">7 males</specimenCount>
, 10.3 × 10.8–13.1 × 
<quantity id="FE0C9B2DFFCCBE446CAAF9960B519909" box="[921,1025,1544,1569]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.43" pageId="38" pageNumber="482" unit="mm" value="14.3">14.3 mm</quantity>
, 
<specimenCount id="2FF2FD41FFCCBE446B23F9960BD09909" box="[1040,1152,1544,1569]" pageId="38" pageNumber="482" type="female">5 females</specimenCount>
, 9.6 × 10.8–11.1 × 
<quantity id="FE0C9B2DFFCCBE446E40F9B40E89996B" box="[371,473,1578,1603]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.19" pageId="38" pageNumber="482" unit="mm" value="11.9">11.9 mm</quantity>
, 1 ovig. female, 11.3 × 
<quantity id="FE0C9B2DFFCCBE446DDEF9B40C04996B" box="[749,852,1578,1603]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.27" pageId="38" pageNumber="482" unit="mm" value="12.7">12.7 mm</quantity>
, 
<specimenCount id="2FF2FD41FFCCBE446C51F9B40C82996B" box="[866,978,1578,1603]" pageId="38" pageNumber="482" type="juvenile">1 juvenile</specimenCount>
, 6.4 × 7.0 mm, 
<collectingCountry id="41E37658FFCCBE446FACF9D30FAC994E" box="[159,252,1613,1638]" name="Vanuatu" pageId="38" pageNumber="482">Vanuatu</collectingCountry>
, coll. 
<specimenCode id="69529EB3FFCCBE446E08F9D30E95994E" box="[315,453,1613,1638]" collectionCode="SANTO" pageId="38" pageNumber="482">SANTO 2006</specimenCode>
expedition;
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="899C3C95FFCCBE446D7DF9D30C2B99A1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3762866327" collectingDate="2006-09-11" collectionCode="ZRC" collectorName="Whitmee &amp; Island" country="Solomon Islands" county="Espiritu Santo" isTailEnumeration="true" location="Lifu" municipality="Loyalty Islands" pageId="38" pageNumber="482" specimenCode="ZRC 2018.0053" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="8" specimenCount-juvenile="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Guadalcanal">
RUMF-ZC-5014, 
<specimenCount id="2FF2FD41FFCCBE446DCDF9D30C1B994E" box="[766,843,1613,1638]" pageId="38" pageNumber="482" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
, 14.8 × 
<quantity id="FE0C9B2DFFCCBE446C96F9D30B59994E" box="[933,1033,1613,1638]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.61" pageId="38" pageNumber="482" unit="mm" value="16.1">16.1 mm</quantity>
, 
<specimenCount id="2FF2FD41FFCCBE446B27F9D30BD0994E" box="[1044,1152,1613,1638]" pageId="38" pageNumber="482" type="female">6 females</specimenCount>
, 9.6 × 10.7–14.0 × 
<quantity id="FE0C9B2DFFCCBE446E54F9EE0E9A99A1" box="[359,458,1648,1673]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.52" pageId="38" pageNumber="482" unit="mm" value="15.2">15.2 mm</quantity>
, 
<collectingCountry id="41E37658FFCCBE446EE6F9EE0D6299A1" box="[469,562,1648,1673]" name="Vanuatu" pageId="38" pageNumber="482">Vanuatu</collectingCountry>
, coll. 
<specimenCode id="69529EB3FFCCBE446D43F9EE0DAA99A1" box="[624,762,1648,1673]" collectionCode="SANTO" pageId="38" pageNumber="482">SANTO 2006</specimenCode>
expedition;
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="899C3C95FFCCBE446CB0F9EE0D8F9984" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3762866360" collectingDate="2006-09-11" collectionCode="ZRC" collectorName="Whitmee &amp; Island" country="Solomon Islands" county="Espiritu Santo" isTailEnumeration="true" location="Lifu" municipality="Loyalty Islands" pageId="38" pageNumber="482" specimenCode="ZRC 2018.0053" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="8" specimenCount-juvenile="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Guadalcanal">
<specimenCode id="69529EB3FFCCBE446CB0F9EE0B7799A1" box="[899,1063,1648,1673]" collectionCode="ZRC" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="38" pageNumber="482">ZRC 2018.0056</specimenCode>
, 
<specimenCount id="2FF2FD41FFCCBE446B00F9EE0B2F99A1" box="[1075,1151,1648,1673]" pageId="38" pageNumber="482" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
, 12.8 × 
<quantity id="FE0C9B2DFFCCBE446FD7F90D0E139984" box="[228,323,1683,1708]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3699999999999999" pageId="38" pageNumber="482" unit="mm" value="13.7">13.7 mm</quantity>
, 
<collectingCountry id="41E37658FFCCBE446E79F90D0EF79984" box="[330,423,1683,1708]" name="Vanuatu" pageId="38" pageNumber="482">Vanuatu</collectingCountry>
,coll. 
<specimenCode id="69529EB3FFCCBE446EEFF90D0D329984" box="[476,610,1683,1708]" collectionCode="SANTO" pageId="38" pageNumber="482">SANTO 2006</specimenCode>
expedition;
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="899C3C95FFCCBE456DD1F90D0DDE9C52" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3762866336" collectingDate="2006-09-11" collectionCode="ZRC" collectorName="Whitmee &amp; Island" country="Solomon Islands" county="Espiritu Santo" isTailEnumeration="true" lastPageId="39" lastPageNumber="483" location="Lifu" municipality="Loyalty Islands" pageId="38" pageNumber="482" specimenCode="ZRC 2018.0053" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="8" specimenCount-juvenile="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Guadalcanal">
<specimenCode id="69529EB3FFCCBE446DD1F90D0CD39984" box="[738,899,1683,1708]" collectionCode="ZRC" country="Singapore" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/16z4-1tbx" name="Zoological Reference Collection, National University of Singapore" pageId="38" pageNumber="482">ZRC 2015.0517</specimenCode>
,female,16.6 × 
<quantity id="FE0C9B2DFFCCBE446B12F90D0BD09984" box="[1057,1152,1683,1708]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.85" pageId="38" pageNumber="482" unit="mm" value="18.5">18.5 mm</quantity>
, 
<collectorName id="9401531EFFCDBE456F93FCFF0E6C9C52" box="[160,316,865,890]" pageId="39" pageNumber="483">Espiritu Santo</collectorName>
, 
<collectingCountry id="41E37658FFCDBE456E7FFCFF0EF99C52" box="[332,425,865,890]" name="Vanuatu" pageId="39" pageNumber="483">Vanuatu</collectingCountry>
, 
<date id="4D4A1008FFCDBE456E8AFCFF0DD99C52" box="[441,649,865,890]" pageId="39" pageNumber="483" value="2006-11-06">
<collectingDate id="5D0EE9E0FFCDBE456E8AFCFF0DD99C52" box="[441,649,865,890]" pageId="39" pageNumber="483" value="2006-11-06">6 November 2006</collectingDate>
</date>
;
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="899C3C95FFCDBE456DAAFCFF0DBC9CB5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3762866388" collectingDate="2006-09-11" collectionCode="ZRC" collectorName="Whitmee &amp; Island" country="Solomon Islands" county="Espiritu Santo" isTailEnumeration="true" location="Lifu" municipality="Loyalty Islands" pageId="39" pageNumber="483" specimenCode="ZRC 2018.0053" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="8" specimenCount-juvenile="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Guadalcanal">
<collectionCode id="5FE5AE0DFFCDBE456DAAFCFF0DB49C52" box="[665,740,865,890]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="39" pageNumber="483">MNHN</collectionCode>
, 
<specimenCount id="2FF2FD41FFCDBE456DC7FCFF0C139C52" box="[756,835,865,890]" pageId="39" pageNumber="483" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
12.1 × 13.0 mm, 
<specimenCount id="2FF2FD41FFCDBE456B2CFCFF0BD29C52" box="[1055,1154,865,890]" pageId="39" pageNumber="483" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
12.8 × 
<quantity id="FE0C9B2DFFCDBE456FDAFC1A0E1A9CB5" box="[233,330,900,925]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.39" pageId="39" pageNumber="483" unit="mm" value="13.9">13.9 mm</quantity>
, 
<collectingCountry id="41E37658FFCDBE456E60FC1A0EE09CB5" box="[339,432,900,925]" name="Vanuatu" pageId="39" pageNumber="483">Vanuatu</collectingCountry>
, coll. 
<specimenCode id="69529EB3FFCDBE456EDAFC1A0D219CB5" box="[489,625,900,925]" collectionCode="SANTO" pageId="39" pageNumber="483">SANTO 2006</specimenCode>
expedition
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="6D8B6640FFCDBE456F93FD4B0EF19C0F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4609200" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4609200" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4609200/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="483" startId="39.[160,225,725,748]" targetBox="[165,1151,144,692]" targetPageId="39">
<paragraph id="394B36C8FFCDBE456F93FD4B0EF19C0F" blockId="39.[160,1156,725,807]" pageId="39" pageNumber="483">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFCDBE456F93FD4B0E569DC4" bold="true" box="[160,262,725,748]" pageId="39" pageNumber="483">Figure 21.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFCDBE456E3DFD4B0E899DC4" baseAuthorityName="H.Milne Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[270,473,725,748]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Scandarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="39" pageNumber="483" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilipes">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFCDBE456E3DFD4B0E899DC4" box="[270,473,725,748]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="483">Scandarma gracilipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(H. 
<bibRefCitation id="5D654B39FFCDBE456D31FD4B0D9E9DC4" author="Milne Edwards H" box="[514,718,725,748]" pageId="39" pageNumber="483" pagination="163 - 228" refId="ref43918" refString="Milne Edwards H. 1853. Memoire sur la Famille des Ocypodiens. Ann Scie Nat Zool. 20 (3): 163 - 228, pls. 6 - 11." type="journal article" year="1853">Milne Edwards, 1853</bibRefCitation>
), comb. nov. RUMF-ZC-5014 (Vanuatu). a, b, male, 14.8 × 16.1 mm; c, female, 14.0 × 15.2 mm. a, pleon; b, left G1, ventral view; c, right vulva. Scale bars: a= 5 mm; b= 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="71EE6543FFCDBE4B6F93FC470CA49D58" lastPageId="41" lastPageNumber="485" pageId="39" pageNumber="483" type="description">
<paragraph id="394B36C8FFCDBE456F93FC470E109CDB" blockId="39.[160,1156,985,1704]" box="[160,320,985,1011]" pageId="39" pageNumber="483">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFCDBE456F93FC470E109CDB" bold="true" box="[160,320,985,1011]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="483">Redescription</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="394B36C8FFCDBE456F93FC620D679AD2" blockId="39.[160,1156,985,1704]" pageId="39" pageNumber="483">
Carapace (
<figureCitation id="A1CF2A4DFFCDBE456E27FC620E2C9B3D" box="[276,380,1020,1045]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="37.[160,225,1637,1660]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,643,1605]" captionTargetId="figure-159@37.[163,1153,643,1606]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="Figure 19. Scandarma gracilipes (H. Milne Edwards, 1853), comb. nov. a–c, lectotype of Se. gracilipes, MNHN-B3947, male, 16.6 × 17.3 mm (Tonga); a, habitus, dorsal view; b, right chela, outer view; c, right cheliped, upper view; d, holotype of Sesarma schuetteii Hess, 1865 (now a junior synonym of Sc. gracilipes), outer surface of right chela (after Hess 1865, pl. 6, fig. 11)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4609192" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4609192/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="483">Figure 19</figureCitation>
(a)) subsquarish, 1.02–1.13 times (mean = 1.07, n = 36) as wide as long, lateral margins slightly divergent posteriorly. Dorsal surface slightly convex longitudinally and transversely, glabrous, regions poorly defined; posterolateral regions sloping. Front deflexed at anterior margin of postfrontal lobes, distally recurved, directed anteriorly, frontal margin gently concave medially, overhanging onto antennular septum and fossae. Two pairs of postfrontal lobes present, lateral lobes slightly exceeding mesial lobes anteriorly in large individuals (
<figureCitation id="A1CF2A4DFFCDBE456ECAFB520D359BCD" box="[505,613,1228,1253]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="37.[160,225,1637,1660]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,643,1605]" captionTargetId="figure-159@37.[163,1153,643,1606]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="Figure 19. Scandarma gracilipes (H. Milne Edwards, 1853), comb. nov. a–c, lectotype of Se. gracilipes, MNHN-B3947, male, 16.6 × 17.3 mm (Tonga); a, habitus, dorsal view; b, right chela, outer view; c, right cheliped, upper view; d, holotype of Sesarma schuetteii Hess, 1865 (now a junior synonym of Sc. gracilipes), outer surface of right chela (after Hess 1865, pl. 6, fig. 11)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4609192" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4609192/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="483">Figure 19</figureCitation>
(a)); anterior margins of all lobes relatively close to but never reaching frontal margin in dorsal view; 1 pair of short lobes posterior to lateral pair of postfrontal lobes. External orbital angle blunt, directed anteriorly, without longitudinal ridge on verntral surface; lateral margins of carapace weakly undulate, with traces of 2 rudimentary epibranchial teeth. Antennular septum wide, short. Orbit, in dorsal view, tilted J-shaped, median part of supraorbital margins oblique; infraorbital margin cristate, mesial end forming triangular inner orbital tooth, directed dorsoanteriorly. Suborbital crista straight, granulated, setose. Suborbital, pterygostomial, subhepatic regions with reticulate mat of setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="394B36C8FFCDBE456FF3F99A0C4B9968" blockId="39.[160,1156,985,1704]" pageId="39" pageNumber="483">Epistome long, setose, posterior margin with 3 triangular lobes, lateral lobes sharper, directed anteroventrally, median lobe directed ventrally.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="394B36C8FFCDBE456FF3F9D70B669980" blockId="39.[160,1156,985,1704]" pageId="39" pageNumber="483">
Ocular peduncle (
<figureCitation id="A1CF2A4DFFCDBE456EB9F9D70EA5994A" box="[394,501,1609,1634]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="37.[160,225,1637,1660]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,643,1605]" captionTargetId="figure-159@37.[163,1153,643,1606]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="Figure 19. Scandarma gracilipes (H. Milne Edwards, 1853), comb. nov. a–c, lectotype of Se. gracilipes, MNHN-B3947, male, 16.6 × 17.3 mm (Tonga); a, habitus, dorsal view; b, right chela, outer view; c, right cheliped, upper view; d, holotype of Sesarma schuetteii Hess, 1865 (now a junior synonym of Sc. gracilipes), outer surface of right chela (after Hess 1865, pl. 6, fig. 11)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4609192" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4609192/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="483">Figure 19</figureCitation>
(a)) cylindrical; cornea moderately large, as broad as peduncle. Antennule with rounded basal article. Antenna with wide, ellipsoidal basal article; antenna entering into orbit through space between inner orbital tooth and front.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="394B36C8FFC2BE4A6FF3FF100E9F9FC5" blockId="40.[159,1156,142,1727]" pageId="40" pageNumber="484">
Mxp3 (
<figureCitation id="A1CF2A4DFFC2BE4A6E3DFF100E2D9F8F" box="[270,381,142,167]" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="38.[159,224,1104,1127]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1072]" captionTargetId="figure-184@38.[163,1153,142,1073]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="Figure 20. Scandarma gracilipes (H. Milne Edwards, 1853), comb. nov. Lectotype, MNHN-B3947, male, 16.6 × 17.3 mm (Tonga). Cephalothorax, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4609194" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4609194/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="484">Figure 20</figureCitation>
) with relatively narrow subtriangular ischium, ovoid merus, leaving long, wide rhomboidal hiatus between them; flagellum of exopod reaching just anterior to mesial margin of merus.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="394B36C8FFC2BE4A6FF3FF680B4F9CCF" blockId="40.[159,1156,142,1727]" pageId="40" pageNumber="484">
Chelipeds (
<figureCitation id="A1CF2A4DFFC2BE4A6E0AFF680EF09E27" box="[313,416,246,271]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="37.[160,225,1637,1660]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,643,1605]" captionTargetId="figure-159@37.[163,1153,643,1606]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="Figure 19. Scandarma gracilipes (H. Milne Edwards, 1853), comb. nov. a–c, lectotype of Se. gracilipes, MNHN-B3947, male, 16.6 × 17.3 mm (Tonga); a, habitus, dorsal view; b, right chela, outer view; c, right cheliped, upper view; d, holotype of Sesarma schuetteii Hess, 1865 (now a junior synonym of Sc. gracilipes), outer surface of right chela (after Hess 1865, pl. 6, fig. 11)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4609192" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4609192/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="484">Figure 19</figureCitation>
) symmetrical in both male and female; male chelipeds larger. Male cheliped with merus subtriangular in cross section, upper and lower-inner margins keeled; upper margin with shallow concavity subdistally, forming angle behind concavity, lower-inner margin weakly serrate, subdistally with triangular lobe; lower-outer margin serrate, with distal sub-pentagonal lobe near articulation with carpus; outer surface covered with short rows of granules; inner surface with 2 longitudinal rows of soft setae; carpus (
<figureCitation id="A1CF2A4DFFC2BE4A6C9CFE3A0B479E95" box="[943,1047,420,445]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="37.[160,225,1637,1660]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,643,1605]" captionTargetId="figure-159@37.[163,1153,643,1606]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="Figure 19. Scandarma gracilipes (H. Milne Edwards, 1853), comb. nov. a–c, lectotype of Se. gracilipes, MNHN-B3947, male, 16.6 × 17.3 mm (Tonga); a, habitus, dorsal view; b, right chela, outer view; c, right cheliped, upper view; d, holotype of Sesarma schuetteii Hess, 1865 (now a junior synonym of Sc. gracilipes), outer surface of right chela (after Hess 1865, pl. 6, fig. 11)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4609192" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4609192/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="484">Figure 19</figureCitation>
(a,c)) with granulated upper surface,inner angle blunt; palm (
<figureCitation id="A1CF2A4DFFC2BE4A6D88FE580C4F9EF7" box="[699,799,454,479]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="37.[160,225,1637,1660]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,643,1605]" captionTargetId="figure-159@37.[163,1153,643,1606]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="Figure 19. Scandarma gracilipes (H. Milne Edwards, 1853), comb. nov. a–c, lectotype of Se. gracilipes, MNHN-B3947, male, 16.6 × 17.3 mm (Tonga); a, habitus, dorsal view; b, right chela, outer view; c, right cheliped, upper view; d, holotype of Sesarma schuetteii Hess, 1865 (now a junior synonym of Sc. gracilipes), outer surface of right chela (after Hess 1865, pl. 6, fig. 11)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4609192" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4609192/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="484">Figure 19</figureCitation>
) swollen; outer surface (
<figureCitation id="A1CF2A4DFFC2BE4A6B2CFE580BD39EF7" box="[1055,1155,454,479]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="37.[160,225,1637,1660]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,643,1605]" captionTargetId="figure-159@37.[163,1153,643,1606]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="Figure 19. Scandarma gracilipes (H. Milne Edwards, 1853), comb. nov. a–c, lectotype of Se. gracilipes, MNHN-B3947, male, 16.6 × 17.3 mm (Tonga); a, habitus, dorsal view; b, right chela, outer view; c, right cheliped, upper view; d, holotype of Sesarma schuetteii Hess, 1865 (now a junior synonym of Sc. gracilipes), outer surface of right chela (after Hess 1865, pl. 6, fig. 11)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4609192" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4609192/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="484">Figure 19</figureCitation>
(b)) granulated, granules smaller on lower part; distally sloping smooth area around bases of fingers well delimited, large median protuberance present proximal to sloping surface; upper surface (
<figureCitation id="A1CF2A4DFFC2BE4A6FC9FDB00E0F9D6F" box="[250,351,558,583]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="37.[160,225,1637,1660]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,643,1605]" captionTargetId="figure-159@37.[163,1153,643,1606]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="Figure 19. Scandarma gracilipes (H. Milne Edwards, 1853), comb. nov. a–c, lectotype of Se. gracilipes, MNHN-B3947, male, 16.6 × 17.3 mm (Tonga); a, habitus, dorsal view; b, right chela, outer view; c, right cheliped, upper view; d, holotype of Sesarma schuetteii Hess, 1865 (now a junior synonym of Sc. gracilipes), outer surface of right chela (after Hess 1865, pl. 6, fig. 11)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4609192" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4609192/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="484">Figure 19</figureCitation>
(a,c)) with 1 gently sinuous, longitudinally traversing row of small granules, and with few shorter, subparallel rows of granules on inner side; inner surface swollen, with oblique row of granules from upper distal angle to middle, and with large granules medially; thick rim extending along occlusal margin of immovable finger to dactylar articulation on both outer and inner surfaces, thick rims of both outer and inner surfaces not interrupted near dactylar articulation.Immovable finger almost straight,gradually tapering towards tip;occlusal margin lined with elevation over proximal two-fifths (3–5 teeth on elevation), followed distally by 4 or 5 teeth,distal quarter with 2 large teeth; lower margin with irregular row of small teeth. Movable finger with distal part strongly curved downwards; occlusal margin lined with large proximal 3 teeth, followed distally by entire margin or small teeth, and 1 large subdistal tooth; inner side of upper margin regularly lined with flat, rounded granules, these granules becoming smaller proximally and distally. Tips of both fingers corneous, hoof-like. Subdistal tooth of movable finger fitting between 2 subdistal teeth of immovable finger when closed.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="394B36C8FFC2BE4A6FF3FC6F0B1C9BF2" blockId="40.[159,1156,142,1727]" pageId="40" pageNumber="484">
Ambulatory legs (
<figureCitation id="A1CF2A4DFFC2BE4A6EA3FC6F0EAD9B22" box="[400,509,1009,1034]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="37.[160,225,1637,1660]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,643,1605]" captionTargetId="figure-159@37.[163,1153,643,1606]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="Figure 19. Scandarma gracilipes (H. Milne Edwards, 1853), comb. nov. a–c, lectotype of Se. gracilipes, MNHN-B3947, male, 16.6 × 17.3 mm (Tonga); a, habitus, dorsal view; b, right chela, outer view; c, right cheliped, upper view; d, holotype of Sesarma schuetteii Hess, 1865 (now a junior synonym of Sc. gracilipes), outer surface of right chela (after Hess 1865, pl. 6, fig. 11)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4609192" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4609192/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="484">Figure 19</figureCitation>
(a)) long, P3 and P4 longest, P4 merus 0.73–0.92 times (mean = 0.81, n = 35) CL. Tufts of soft setae present between P1–5 coxae, of them tufts between P2–4 coxae larger than others. Meri with distal anterior corner toothed, followed by subdistal tooth, and with short setae near anterior and posterior margins. Propodi with longer setae on inner and outer margins, setae black proximally, yellowish distally, distal inner part with small patch of short black setae in P2 and P3. Dactyli gently curved distally, margins with dense row of long setae that are similar to longer setae on propodus.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="394B36C8FFC2BE4A6FF3FB7A0EFB993A" blockId="40.[159,1156,142,1727]" pageId="40" pageNumber="484">
Male thoracic sternum (
<figureCitation id="A1CF2A4DFFC2BE4A6EFDFB7A0D689BD5" box="[462,568,1252,1277]" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="38.[159,224,1104,1127]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1072]" captionTargetId="figure-184@38.[163,1153,142,1073]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="Figure 20. Scandarma gracilipes (H. Milne Edwards, 1853), comb. nov. Lectotype, MNHN-B3947, male, 16.6 × 17.3 mm (Tonga). Cephalothorax, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4609194" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4609194/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="484">Figure 20</figureCitation>
) transversely wide, sternites 1–4 fused, 2/3 and 3/4 indicated superficially by distally produced row of granules and horizontal groove, respectively. Sternite 2 setose. Male sternopleonal cavity reaching distal third of bases of cheliped coxae; margin of sternopleonal cavity on somite 4 rimmed except for posterior end, posterior end of rim thick, slightly produced posteromesially, produced part of rim adjacent to articulation of pleonal somite 6 and telson when pleon closed; lateral slope of sternopleonal cavity below non-rimmed part on sternite 4 produced mesially, posteriorly accomodating distal end of G 
<quantity id="FE0C9B2DFFC2BE4A6D36FA480D7E9AC7" box="[517,558,1494,1519]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="40" pageNumber="484" unit="in" value="1.0">1 in</quantity>
situ. No sternal button for locking mechanism on sternite 5. Penis sternal.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="394B36C8FFC2BE4A6FF3F9820E9B9952" blockId="40.[159,1156,142,1727]" pageId="40" pageNumber="484">
Male pleonal somites 1 and 2 short, wide, somite 3 widest, lateral margins of somites 3–6 forming gradually narrowing curvature; telson rounded distally, slightly longer than somite 6 (
<figureCitation id="A1CF2A4DFFC2BE4A6E23F9FF0E2A9952" box="[272,378,1633,1658]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="37.[160,225,1637,1660]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,643,1605]" captionTargetId="figure-159@37.[163,1153,643,1606]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="Figure 19. Scandarma gracilipes (H. Milne Edwards, 1853), comb. nov. a–c, lectotype of Se. gracilipes, MNHN-B3947, male, 16.6 × 17.3 mm (Tonga); a, habitus, dorsal view; b, right chela, outer view; c, right cheliped, upper view; d, holotype of Sesarma schuetteii Hess, 1865 (now a junior synonym of Sc. gracilipes), outer surface of right chela (after Hess 1865, pl. 6, fig. 11)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4609192" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4609192/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="484">Figure 19</figureCitation>
(a), 20).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="394B36C8FFC2BE4A6FF3F91A0C1A9997" blockId="40.[159,1156,142,1727]" pageId="40" pageNumber="484">
G1 (
<figureCitation id="A1CF2A4DFFC2BE4A6FC0F91A0E3199B5" box="[243,353,1668,1693]" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="39.[160,225,725,748]" captionTargetBox="[165,1151,144,692]" captionTargetId="figure-266@39.[163,1153,142,694]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Figure 21. Scandarma gracilipes (H. Milne Edwards, 1853), comb. nov. RUMF-ZC-5014 (Vanuatu). a, b, male, 14.8 × 16.1 mm; c, female, 14.0 × 15.2 mm. a, pleon; b, left G1, ventral view; c, right vulva. Scale bars: a= 5 mm; b= 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4609200" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4609200/files/figure.png" pageId="40" pageNumber="484">Figure 21</figureCitation>
(b)) short, almost straight, stout, narrowed medially, distal end with dorsolaterally directed and wide corneous process. G2 short.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="394B36C8FFC3BE4B6FF3FF100C219E1A" blockId="41.[160,1156,142,306]" pageId="41" pageNumber="485">
Vulvae (
<figureCitation id="A1CF2A4DFFC3BE4B6E28FF100ED59F8F" box="[283,389,142,167]" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="39.[160,225,725,748]" captionTargetBox="[165,1151,144,692]" captionTargetId="figure-266@39.[163,1153,142,694]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Figure 21. Scandarma gracilipes (H. Milne Edwards, 1853), comb. nov. RUMF-ZC-5014 (Vanuatu). a, b, male, 14.8 × 16.1 mm; c, female, 14.0 × 15.2 mm. a, pleon; b, left G1, ventral view; c, right vulva. Scale bars: a= 5 mm; b= 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4609200" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4609200/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="485">Figure 21</figureCitation>
(c)) located on distal three-fifths of sternite 6, anterior margin adjacent to thoracic sternal suture 5/6, ellipsoidal, margin rimmed except for posteromesial corner, double-rimmed anteromesially, sternal vulval cover developed from anterolateral margin, covering almost entire vulva, except for slit-like gap on posteromesial corner, sternal vulval cover produced ventrally as earlobe-like structure.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="394B36C8FFC3BE4B6F93FEFE0E5E9E52" blockId="41.[160,1155,352,448]" box="[160,270,352,378]" pageId="41" pageNumber="485">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC3BE4B6F93FEFE0E5E9E52" bold="true" box="[160,270,352,378]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="485">Variation</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="394B36C8FFC3BE4B6F93FE1A0C989EE8" blockId="41.[160,1155,352,448]" pageId="41" pageNumber="485">
Small individuals with all postfrontal lobes aligned anteriorly; lobes close to but never reaching frontal margin in dorsal view (e.g. CW 12.0 mm) (
<figureCitation id="A1CF2A4DFFC3BE4B6C01FE390CCF9EE8" box="[818,927,423,448]" captionStart="Figure 17" captionStartId="35.[160,225,1645,1668]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,1323,1614]" captionTargetId="figure-330@35.[163,1153,1323,1614]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="Figure 17. Dorsal view of carapace of small individuals of Scandarma species. a, Sc. lintou, RUMF-ZC -2024, female, 12.9 × 13.6 mm; b, Sc. gracilipes, RUMF-ZC-5014, female,11.2 × 12.0 mm; c, Sc. papua, NHM 1922.11.9.2–5, female, 11.3 × 12.8 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4609188" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4609188/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="485">Figure 17</figureCitation>
(b)).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="394B36C8FFC3BE4B6F93FE700E7C9D20" blockId="41.[160,1155,494,624]" box="[160,300,494,520]" pageId="41" pageNumber="485">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC3BE4B6F93FE700E7C9D20" bold="true" box="[160,300,494,520]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="485">Colouration</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="394B36C8FFC3BE4B6F93FD8F0CA49D58" blockId="41.[160,1155,494,624]" pageId="41" pageNumber="485">
In life, very similar to that of 
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFC3BE4B6EC7FD8F0DE99D02" authorityName="Schubart, Liu and Cuesta" authorityYear="2003" box="[500,697,529,554]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Scandarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="41" pageNumber="485" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lintou">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC3BE4B6EC7FD8F0DE99D02" box="[500,697,529,554]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="485">Scandarma lintou</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see above). There are, however, minor differences in the posterolateral margins of the carapace (yellow but partially interrupted by black patches) and the outer surface of the chela (dark red) (
<figureCitation id="A1CF2A4DFFC3BE4B6C5CFDC90C9B9D58" box="[879,971,599,624]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="20.[160,225,694,717]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,662]" captionTargetId="figure-206@20.[163,1153,142,662]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="Figure 7. a, b, Circulium vitatum (Ng and Davie, 2011), ZRC 2014.0283 (Ambon, Indonesia) showing colouration in life; c, Scandarma gracilipes (H. Milne Edwards 1853), ZRC 2018.0056, male, 12.8 × 13.7 mm (Vanuatu), showing colouration in life; d, Scandarma malagasy sp. nov., ZRC 2010.0303, female, 20.5 × 22.0 mm (Madagasacar), showing colouration in preservative (about 6 years and 8 months). Photographed by Tan Heok Hui (a, b) and P.K.L. Ng (c)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4609168" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4609168/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="485">Figure 7</figureCitation>
(c)).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="71EE6543FFC3BE4B6F93FD000CDE9C6B" pageId="41" pageNumber="485" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="394B36C8FFC3BE4B6F93FD000E7C9D90" blockId="41.[160,1156,670,835]" box="[160,300,670,696]" pageId="41" pageNumber="485">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC3BE4B6F93FD000E7C9D90" bold="true" box="[160,300,670,696]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="485">Distribution</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="394B36C8FFC3BE4B6F93FD5C0CDE9C6B" blockId="41.[160,1156,670,835]" pageId="41" pageNumber="485">
South Pacific: Vavao, Viti Islands (
<collectingRegion id="FB30F82AFFC3BE4B6D19FD5C0D299DF3" box="[554,633,706,731]" country="Tonga" name="Vava'u" pageId="41" pageNumber="485">Vava’u</collectingRegion>
?), 
<collectingCountry id="41E37658FFC3BE4B6DA9FD5C0DB09DF3" box="[666,736,706,731]" name="Tonga" pageId="41" pageNumber="485">Tonga</collectingCountry>
[
<typeStatus id="E64F886AFFC3BE4B6DC2FD5C0C759DF3" box="[753,805,706,731]" pageId="41" pageNumber="485">type</typeStatus>
locality]; Lifu, Loyalty Islands; 
<collectingCountry id="41E37658FFC3BE4B6F93FD7A0E509DD5" box="[160,256,740,765]" name="Vanuatu" pageId="41" pageNumber="485">Vanuatu</collectingCountry>
; Lunga, 
<collectingRegion id="FB30F82AFFC3BE4B6E56FD7A0EBF9DD5" box="[357,495,740,765]" country="Solomon Islands" name="Guadalcanal" pageId="41" pageNumber="485">Guadalcanal</collectingRegion>
Island, 
<collectingCountry id="41E37658FFC3BE4B6D7FFD7A0C589DD5" box="[588,776,740,765]" name="Solomon Islands" pageId="41" pageNumber="485">Solomon Islands</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="5D654B39FFC3BE4B6C2AFD7A0B289DD5" author="Hombron JB &amp; Jacquinot H" box="[793,1144,740,765]" pageId="41" pageNumber="485" pagination="1 - 9" refId="ref42122" refString="Hombron JB, Jacquinot H. 1842 - 1854. Crustaces. Atlas d'Histoire Naturelle. Zoologie. Voyage au Pole Sud et dans l'Oceanie sur les corvettes l'Astrolabe et la Zelee pendant les annees 1837 - 1838 - 1839 - 1840 sous le commandement de M. Dumont d'Urville, Capitaine de vaisseau, publie par ordre du Gouvernement et sous la direction superieure de M. Jacquinot, Capitaine de vaisseau, Commandant de la Zelee. Crustaces. pl. 1 - 9." type="book chapter" year="1842">Hombron and Jacquinot 1842</bibRefCitation>
– 1854 (1846); H. 
<bibRefCitation id="5D654B39FFC3BE4B6E79FC990D799C08" author="Milne Edwards H" box="[330,553,775,800]" pageId="41" pageNumber="485" pagination="163 - 228" refId="ref43918" refString="Milne Edwards H. 1853. Memoire sur la Famille des Ocypodiens. Ann Scie Nat Zool. 20 (3): 163 - 228, pls. 6 - 11." type="journal article" year="1853">Milne Edwards 1853</bibRefCitation>
; present study). Erroneous records: Sydney (
<bibRefCitation id="5D654B39FFC3BE4B6B22FC990BD39C08" author="Hess W" box="[1041,1155,775,800]" pageId="41" pageNumber="485" pagination="127 - 173" refId="ref41950" refString="Hess W. 1865. Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Decapoden-Krebse Ost-Australiens. Arch Naturg. 36: 127 - 173, pls. 1, 2." type="book chapter" year="1865">Hess 1865</bibRefCitation>
as 
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFC3BE4B6F8CFCB40EDA9C6B" authorityName="Hess" authorityYear="1865" box="[191,394,810,835]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Sesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="41" pageNumber="485" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schuetteii">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC3BE4B6F8CFCB40EDA9C6B" box="[191,394,810,835]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="485">Sesarma schuetteii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); 
<collectingCountry id="41E37658FFC3BE4B6EADFCB40D749C6B" box="[414,548,810,835]" name="Madagascar" pageId="41" pageNumber="485">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
(De Man 1887, table on p. 664).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="71EE6543FFC3BE4E6F93FCEF0CC79BBD" lastPageId="44" lastPageNumber="488" pageId="41" pageNumber="485" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="394B36C8FFC3BE4B6F93FCEF0E569CA3" blockId="41.[159,1156,881,1531]" box="[160,262,881,907]" pageId="41" pageNumber="485">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC3BE4B6F93FCEF0E569CA3" bold="true" box="[160,262,881,907]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="485">Remarks</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="394B36C8FFC3BE4B6F93FC0B0C279B88" blockId="41.[159,1156,881,1531]" pageId="41" pageNumber="485">
Examination of the 
<typeStatus id="E64F886AFFC3BE4B6E5EFC0B0E829C86" box="[365,466,917,942]" pageId="41" pageNumber="485" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
(
<figureCitation id="A1CF2A4DFFC3BE4B6EECFC0B0D1C9C86" box="[479,588,917,942]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="37.[160,225,1637,1660]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,643,1605]" captionTargetId="figure-159@37.[163,1153,643,1606]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="Figure 19. Scandarma gracilipes (H. Milne Edwards, 1853), comb. nov. a–c, lectotype of Se. gracilipes, MNHN-B3947, male, 16.6 × 17.3 mm (Tonga); a, habitus, dorsal view; b, right chela, outer view; c, right cheliped, upper view; d, holotype of Sesarma schuetteii Hess, 1865 (now a junior synonym of Sc. gracilipes), outer surface of right chela (after Hess 1865, pl. 6, fig. 11)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4609192" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4609192/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="485">Figures 19</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="A1CF2A4DFFC3BE4B6D65FC0B0D219C86" box="[598,625,917,942]" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="38.[159,224,1104,1127]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,142,1072]" captionTargetId="figure-184@38.[163,1153,142,1073]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="Figure 20. Scandarma gracilipes (H. Milne Edwards, 1853), comb. nov. Lectotype, MNHN-B3947, male, 16.6 × 17.3 mm (Tonga). Cephalothorax, ventral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4609194" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4609194/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="485">20</figureCitation>
; see below) as well as other specimens (
<figureCitation id="A1CF2A4DFFC3BE4B6B2BFC0B0B2C9C86" box="[1048,1148,917,942]" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="39.[160,225,725,748]" captionTargetBox="[165,1151,144,692]" captionTargetId="figure-266@39.[163,1153,142,694]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="Figure 21. Scandarma gracilipes (H. Milne Edwards, 1853), comb. nov. RUMF-ZC-5014 (Vanuatu). a, b, male, 14.8 × 16.1 mm; c, female, 14.0 × 15.2 mm. a, pleon; b, left G1, ventral view; c, right vulva. Scale bars: a= 5 mm; b= 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4609200" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4609200/files/figure.png" pageId="41" pageNumber="485">Figure 21</figureCitation>
) of 
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFC3BE4B6F88FC290E2B9CF8" box="[187,379,951,976]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Sesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="41" pageNumber="485" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilipes">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC3BE4B6F88FC290E2B9CF8" box="[187,379,951,976]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="485">Sesarma gracilipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
H. 
<bibRefCitation id="5D654B39FFC3BE4B6EAEFC290D259CF8" author="Milne Edwards H" box="[413,629,951,976]" pageId="41" pageNumber="485" pagination="163 - 228" refId="ref43918" refString="Milne Edwards H. 1853. Memoire sur la Famille des Ocypodiens. Ann Scie Nat Zool. 20 (3): 163 - 228, pls. 6 - 11." type="journal article" year="1853">Milne Edwards 1853</bibRefCitation>
confirms that 
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC3BE4B6C23FC290CC49CF8" box="[784,916,951,976]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="485">
Se. 
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFC3BE4B6C00FC290CC49CF8" box="[819,916,951,976]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Sesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="41" pageNumber="485" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilipes">gracilipes</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
possesses the generic characters of 
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFC3BE4B6E0AFC440EE09CDB" authorityName="Schubart, Liu and Cuesta" authorityYear="2003" box="[313,432,986,1011]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Scandarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="41" pageNumber="485" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC3BE4B6E0AFC440EE09CDB" box="[313,432,986,1011]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="485">Scandarma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as defined here, and the species is now referred to the genus. ‘ 
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFC3BE4B6F96FC620E369B3D" box="[165,358,1020,1045]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Sesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="41" pageNumber="485" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilipes">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC3BE4B6F96FC620E369B3D" box="[165,358,1020,1045]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="485">Sesarma gracilipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
’ has been widely recorded from the Indo-Pacific regions, but at least two undescribed species have been included under this name (here described as 
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFC3BE4B6CFDFB810B049B10" authorityName="Naruse &amp; Ng" authorityYear="2020" box="[974,1108,1055,1080]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Scandarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="41" pageNumber="485" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="malagasy">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC3BE4B6CFDFB810B049B10" box="[974,1108,1055,1080]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="485">Sc. malagasy</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFC3BE4B6FACFBDC0E5C9B73" authorityName="Naruse &amp; Ng" authorityYear="2020" box="[159,268,1090,1115]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Scandarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="41" pageNumber="485" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="papua">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC3BE4B6FACFBDC0E5C9B73" box="[159,268,1090,1115]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="485">Sc. papua</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, see below), and 
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFC3BE4B6EEDFBDC0C089B73" authority="(Hess, 1865)" baseAuthorityName="Hess" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[478,856,1090,1115]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Labuanium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="41" pageNumber="485" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schuetteii">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC3BE4B6EEDFBDC0D949B73" box="[478,708,1090,1115]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="485">Labuanium schuetteii</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="5D654B39FFC3BE4B6DE5FBDC0C009B73" author="Hess W" box="[726,848,1090,1115]" pageId="41" pageNumber="485" pagination="127 - 173" refId="ref41950" refString="Hess W. 1865. Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Decapoden-Krebse Ost-Australiens. Arch Naturg. 36: 127 - 173, pls. 1, 2." type="book chapter" year="1865">Hess, 1865</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
is synonymised under 
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFC3BE4B6B55FBDC0E509B55" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Sesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="41" pageNumber="485" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilipes">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC3BE4B6B55FBDC0E509B55" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="485">Sc. gracilipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. To stabilise the taxonomy of 
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFC3BE4B6D6FFBFA0DB49B55" box="[604,740,1124,1149]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Sesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="41" pageNumber="485" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilipes">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC3BE4B6D6FFBFA0DB49B55" box="[604,740,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="485">Sc. gracilipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and allied species, a male specimen (MNHN-B3947) from Vavao (
<collectingRegion id="FB30F82AFFC3BE4B6EFDFB190D489B88" box="[462,536,1159,1184]" country="Tonga" name="Vava'u" pageId="41" pageNumber="485">Vava’u</collectingRegion>
) is here designated as 
<typeStatus id="E64F886AFFC3BE4B6C3FFB190C239B88" box="[780,883,1159,1184]" pageId="41" pageNumber="485" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="394B36C8FFC3BE4B6FF3FB340B569AD3" blockId="41.[159,1156,881,1531]" pageId="41" pageNumber="485">
The nomenclature of 
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFC3BE4B6E92FB340D0F9BEB" box="[417,607,1194,1219]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Sesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="41" pageNumber="485" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilipes">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC3BE4B6E92FB340D0F9BEB" box="[417,607,1194,1219]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="485">Sesarma gracilipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
H. 
<bibRefCitation id="5D654B39FFC3BE4B6D4DFB340C039BEB" author="Milne Edwards H" box="[638,851,1194,1219]" pageId="41" pageNumber="485" pagination="163 - 228" refId="ref43918" refString="Milne Edwards H. 1853. Memoire sur la Famille des Ocypodiens. Ann Scie Nat Zool. 20 (3): 163 - 228, pls. 6 - 11." type="journal article" year="1853">Milne Edwards 1853</bibRefCitation>
,needs explanation. 
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFC3BE4B6B1AFB340E509BCE" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Sesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="41" pageNumber="485" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilipes">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC3BE4B6B1AFB340E509BCE" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="485">Sesarma gracilipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
first appeared as a figure in a plate of ‘Zoologie.Voyage au Pôle Sud et dans l’Océanie sur les corvettes l’Astrolabe et la Zélée pendant les années 1837–1838–1839–1840’ (
<bibRefCitation id="5D654B39FFC3BE4B6B2AFB710E259A03" author="Hombron JB &amp; Jacquinot H" pageId="41" pageNumber="485" pagination="1 - 9" refId="ref42122" refString="Hombron JB, Jacquinot H. 1842 - 1854. Crustaces. Atlas d'Histoire Naturelle. Zoologie. Voyage au Pole Sud et dans l'Oceanie sur les corvettes l'Astrolabe et la Zelee pendant les annees 1837 - 1838 - 1839 - 1840 sous le commandement de M. Dumont d'Urville, Capitaine de vaisseau, publie par ordre du Gouvernement et sous la direction superieure de M. Jacquinot, Capitaine de vaisseau, Commandant de la Zelee. Crustaces. pl. 1 - 9." type="book chapter" year="1842">Hombron and Jacquinot 1842</bibRefCitation>
–1854 (1846), pl. 6, fig. 5; see 
<bibRefCitation id="5D654B39FFC3BE4B6D83FA8C0CE19A03" author="Clark PF &amp; Crosnier A" box="[688,945,1298,1323]" pageId="41" pageNumber="485" pagination="407 - 435" refId="ref40490" refString="Clark PF, Crosnier A. 2000. The zoology of the Voyage au pole sud et dans l'Oceanie sur les corvettes l'Astrolabe et la Zelee execute par ordre du roi pendant les annees 1837 - 1838 - 1839 - 1840 sous le commandement de M. Dumont-d'Urville (1842 - 1854): titles, volumes, plates, text, contents, proposed dates and anecdotal history of the publication. Arch Nat Hist. 27 (3): 407 - 435." type="journal article" year="2000">Clark and Crosnier 2000</bibRefCitation>
for published year) and captioned in a footnote as ‘S[esarma] IMPRESSA? Junior (Edw.)’.The figured crab,however, clearly differs markedly from 
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFC3BE4B6ED3FAC90DE29A58" baseAuthorityName="H.Milne Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[480,690,1367,1392]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Sesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="41" pageNumber="485" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="impressum">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC3BE4B6ED3FAC90DE29A58" box="[480,690,1367,1392]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="485">Sesarma impressum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
H. 
<bibRefCitation id="5D654B39FFC3BE4B6DE9FAC90CED9A58" author="Milne Edwards H" box="[730,957,1367,1392]" pageId="41" pageNumber="485" pagination="1 - 32" refId="ref43856" refString="Milne Edwards H. 1834 - 1840. Histoire naturelle des Crustaces, comprenant l'anatomie, la physiologie et la classification de ces animaux. Librairie Encyclopedique de Roret. Paris. Vol. 1 - 3: (1) 468, (2) 532, (3) 638 pp, Atlas 1 - 32, Plates I-XLII." type="book chapter" year="1834">Milne Edwards, 1834</bibRefCitation>
–1840 (1837) (currently the 
<typeStatus id="E64F886AFFC3BE4B6E39FAE40E6A9ABB" box="[266,314,1402,1427]" pageId="41" pageNumber="485">type</typeStatus>
species of 
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFC3BE4B6E9FFAE40C559ABB" authority="Serene and Soh, 1970" authorityName=", sensu Serene and Soh" authorityYear="1970" box="[428,773,1402,1427]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Sesarmops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="41" pageNumber="485" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC3BE4B6E9FFAE40D4C9ABB" box="[428,540,1402,1427]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="485">Sesarmops</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5D654B39FFC3BE4B6D13FAE40C559ABB" author="Serene R &amp; Soh CL" box="[544,773,1402,1427]" pageId="41" pageNumber="485" pagination="387 - 416" refId="ref46714" refString="Serene R, Soh CL. 1970. New Indo-Pacific genera allied to Sesarma Say, 1817 (Brachyura, Decapoda, Crustacea). Treubia. 27 (4): 387 - 416." type="journal article" year="1970">Serène and Soh,1970</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
). Henri 
<bibRefCitation id="5D654B39FFC3BE4B6C66FAE40B629ABB" author="Milne Edwards H" box="[853,1074,1402,1427]" pageId="41" pageNumber="485" pagination="163 - 228" refId="ref43918" refString="Milne Edwards H. 1853. Memoire sur la Famille des Ocypodiens. Ann Scie Nat Zool. 20 (3): 163 - 228, pls. 6 - 11." type="journal article" year="1853">Milne Edwards (1853</bibRefCitation>
, p. 182) realised that the figured crab represented a new species, and formally named it 
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFC3BE4B6B1AFA030E509AF0" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Sesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="41" pageNumber="485" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilipes">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC3BE4B6B1AFA030E509AF0" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="485">Sesarma gracilipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 
<bibRefCitation id="5D654B39FFC3BE4B6E38FA210D7D9AF0" author="Jacquinot H &amp; Lucas H" box="[267,557,1471,1496]" pageId="41" pageNumber="485" pagination="1 - 107" refId="ref42255" refString="Jacquinot H, Lucas H. 1853. Crustaces. In: voyage au Pole Sud et dans l'Oceanie sur le Corvettes l'Astrolabe et la Zelee; execute par ordre du roi pendant les annees 1837 - 1838 - 1839 - 1840 sous les commandement de M. J. Dumont d'Urville. Zoology 3, Crustaces. 3 (3): 1 - 107. (Atlas 1842 - 1853, 9 pls.)." type="book chapter" year="1853">Jacquinot and Lucas (1853)</bibRefCitation>
[see 
<bibRefCitation id="5D654B39FFC3BE4B6D52FA210C3D9AF0" author="Clark PF &amp; Crosnier A" box="[609,877,1471,1496]" pageId="41" pageNumber="485" pagination="407 - 435" refId="ref40490" refString="Clark PF, Crosnier A. 2000. The zoology of the Voyage au pole sud et dans l'Oceanie sur les corvettes l'Astrolabe et la Zelee execute par ordre du roi pendant les annees 1837 - 1838 - 1839 - 1840 sous le commandement de M. Dumont-d'Urville (1842 - 1854): titles, volumes, plates, text, contents, proposed dates and anecdotal history of the publication. Arch Nat Hist. 27 (3): 407 - 435." type="journal article" year="2000">Clark and Crosnier (2000)</bibRefCitation>
and 
<bibRefCitation id="5D654B39FFC3BE4B6C93FA210B139AF0" author="Holthuis LB" box="[928,1091,1471,1496]" pageId="41" pageNumber="485" pagination="413 - 422" refId="ref42066" refString="Holthuis LB. 2002. A few notes on the authors and dates of the names of Crustacea collected by the &quot; Voyage au Pole Sud et dans l'Oceanie sur les corvettes l'Astrolabe et la Zelee &quot;. Crustaceana. 75 (3 - 4): 413 - 422. doi: 10.1163 / 156854002760095480" type="journal article" year="2002">Holthuis (2002)</bibRefCitation>
for its publication date] also used the name ‘ 
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFC3BE4B6D08FA7C0DAB9AD3" box="[571,763,1506,1531]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Sesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="41" pageNumber="485" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilipes">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC3BE4B6D08FA7C0DAB9AD3" box="[571,763,1506,1531]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="485">Sesarma gracilipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
’ in their work and noted
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="394B36C8FFC3BE4B6FF3F9860C4F9940" blockId="41.[192,1123,1560,1640]" pageId="41" pageNumber="485">
Les genres et les espèces portant une † sont décrits pour la première fois dans ce travail; ils ont été presque tous créés par M.H. Jacquinot et figurés par lui dans l’Atlas, à l’exception du 
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFC3BE4B6FF3F9CC0E269940" box="[192,374,1618,1640]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Sesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="41" pageNumber="485" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilipes">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC3BE4B6FF3F9CC0E269940" box="[192,374,1618,1640]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="485">Sesarma gracilipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, qui appartient à M. Milne Edwards,.. ..(4)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="394B36C8FFC3BE486F93F91B0DD29E7D" blockId="41.[160,1156,1669,1728]" lastBlockId="42.[160,1156,142,514]" lastPageId="42" lastPageNumber="486" pageId="41" pageNumber="485">
This means that both 
<bibRefCitation id="5D654B39FFC3BE4B6EBCF91B0DEB99B6" author="Jacquinot H &amp; Lucas H" box="[399,699,1669,1694]" pageId="41" pageNumber="485" pagination="1 - 107" refId="ref42255" refString="Jacquinot H, Lucas H. 1853. Crustaces. In: voyage au Pole Sud et dans l'Oceanie sur le Corvettes l'Astrolabe et la Zelee; execute par ordre du roi pendant les annees 1837 - 1838 - 1839 - 1840 sous les commandement de M. J. Dumont d'Urville. Zoology 3, Crustaces. 3 (3): 1 - 107. (Atlas 1842 - 1853, 9 pls.)." type="book chapter" year="1853">Jacquinot and Lucas (1853)</bibRefCitation>
and 
<bibRefCitation id="5D654B39FFC3BE4B6DC3F91B0C8E99B6" author="Milne Edwards H" box="[752,990,1669,1694]" pageId="41" pageNumber="485" pagination="163 - 228" refId="ref43918" refString="Milne Edwards H. 1853. Memoire sur la Famille des Ocypodiens. Ann Scie Nat Zool. 20 (3): 163 - 228, pls. 6 - 11." type="journal article" year="1853">Milne Edwards (1853)</bibRefCitation>
used the same name in the same year. 
<bibRefCitation id="5D654B39FFC3BE4B6E9CF9390D9B99E8" author="Clark PF &amp; Crosnier A" box="[431,715,1703,1728]" pageId="41" pageNumber="485" pagination="407 - 435" refId="ref40490" refString="Clark PF, Crosnier A. 2000. The zoology of the Voyage au pole sud et dans l'Oceanie sur les corvettes l'Astrolabe et la Zelee execute par ordre du roi pendant les annees 1837 - 1838 - 1839 - 1840 sous le commandement de M. Dumont-d'Urville (1842 - 1854): titles, volumes, plates, text, contents, proposed dates and anecdotal history of the publication. Arch Nat Hist. 27 (3): 407 - 435." type="journal article" year="2000">Clark and Crosnier (2000)</bibRefCitation>
noted that 
<bibRefCitation id="5D654B39FFC3BE4B6C62F9390BD499E8" author="Jacquinot H &amp; Lucas H" box="[849,1156,1703,1728]" pageId="41" pageNumber="485" pagination="1 - 107" refId="ref42255" refString="Jacquinot H, Lucas H. 1853. Crustaces. In: voyage au Pole Sud et dans l'Oceanie sur le Corvettes l'Astrolabe et la Zelee; execute par ordre du roi pendant les annees 1837 - 1838 - 1839 - 1840 sous les commandement de M. J. Dumont d'Urville. Zoology 3, Crustaces. 3 (3): 1 - 107. (Atlas 1842 - 1853, 9 pls.)." type="book chapter" year="1853">Jacquinot and Lucas (1853)</bibRefCitation>
might have been published at the end of 1853. The exact publication date of H. 
<bibRefCitation id="5D654B39FFC0BE486B76FF100E1C9FE2" author="Milne Edwards H" pageId="42" pageNumber="486" pagination="163 - 228" refId="ref43918" refString="Milne Edwards H. 1853. Memoire sur la Famille des Ocypodiens. Ann Scie Nat Zool. 20 (3): 163 - 228, pls. 6 - 11." type="journal article" year="1853">Milne Edwards (1853)</bibRefCitation>
from Annales des Sciences Naturelles, Zoologie, is also unclear; the paper was published as the second issue of 2 volumes published in 1853, implying that it was published possibly in late 1853. Further study is needed to confirm which authorship has priority. The present study tentatively adopts ‘ 
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFC0BE486D99FE870C249E1A" box="[682,884,281,306]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Sesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="42" pageNumber="486" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilipes">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC0BE486D99FE870C249E1A" box="[682,884,281,306]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="486">Sesarma gracilipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
H. 
<bibRefCitation id="5D654B39FFC0BE486CA9FE870B2E9E1A" author="Milne Edwards H" box="[922,1150,281,306]" pageId="42" pageNumber="486" pagination="163 - 228" refId="ref43918" refString="Milne Edwards H. 1853. Memoire sur la Famille des Ocypodiens. Ann Scie Nat Zool. 20 (3): 163 - 228, pls. 6 - 11." type="journal article" year="1853">Milne Edwards 1853</bibRefCitation>
’ following Holthuis’s (2002, p. 421) opinion.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="394B36C8FFC0BE496FF3FEC00C969E1A" blockId="42.[160,1156,142,514]" lastBlockId="43.[159,1156,142,1727]" lastPageId="43" lastPageNumber="487" pageId="42" pageNumber="486">
<bibRefCitation id="5D654B39FFC0BE486FF3FEC00ED29E5F" author="Ng PKL &amp; Guinot D &amp; Davie PJF" box="[192,386,350,375]" pageId="42" pageNumber="486" pagination="1 - 286" refId="ref44591" refString="Ng PKL, Guinot D, Davie PJF. 2008 a. Systema Brachyurorum: part I. An annotated checklist of extant brachyuran crabs of the world. Raffles Bull Zool Suppl. 17: 1 - 286." type="journal article" year="2008">Ng et al. (2008a)</bibRefCitation>
listed 
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFC0BE486EE0FEC00C2F9E5F" authority="Jacquinot, 1853" authorityName="Jacquinot" authorityYear="1853" box="[467,895,350,375]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Sesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="42" pageNumber="486" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="compressum">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC0BE486EE0FEC00DEF9E5F" box="[467,703,350,375]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="486">Sesarma compressum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5D654B39FFC0BE486DF8FEC00C2F9E5F" author="Jacquinot H &amp; Lucas H" box="[715,895,350,375]" pageId="42" pageNumber="486" pagination="1 - 107" refId="ref42255" refString="Jacquinot H, Lucas H. 1853. Crustaces. In: voyage au Pole Sud et dans l'Oceanie sur le Corvettes l'Astrolabe et la Zelee; execute par ordre du roi pendant les annees 1837 - 1838 - 1839 - 1840 sous les commandement de M. J. Dumont d'Urville. Zoology 3, Crustaces. 3 (3): 1 - 107. (Atlas 1842 - 1853, 9 pls.)." type="book chapter" year="1853">Jacquinot, 1853</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, as a junior subjective synonym of 
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFC0BE486E1DFE1F0D459EB2" baseAuthorityName="H.Milne Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1854" box="[302,533,385,410]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Labuanium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="42" pageNumber="486" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilipes">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC0BE486E1DFE1F0D459EB2" box="[302,533,385,410]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="486">Labuanium gracilipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Ng et al.’s (2008a) authorship of ‘ 
<bibRefCitation id="5D654B39FFC0BE486CAFFE1F0B1C9EB2" author="Jacquinot H &amp; Lucas H" box="[924,1100,385,410]" pageId="42" pageNumber="486" pagination="1 - 107" refId="ref42255" refString="Jacquinot H, Lucas H. 1853. Crustaces. In: voyage au Pole Sud et dans l'Oceanie sur le Corvettes l'Astrolabe et la Zelee; execute par ordre du roi pendant les annees 1837 - 1838 - 1839 - 1840 sous les commandement de M. J. Dumont d'Urville. Zoology 3, Crustaces. 3 (3): 1 - 107. (Atlas 1842 - 1853, 9 pls.)." type="book chapter" year="1853">Jacquinot 1853</bibRefCitation>
’ was copied from the synonymy list of 
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC0BE486D2FFE3A0DF69E95" box="[540,678,420,445]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="486">
Se. 
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFC0BE486D71FE3A0DF69E95" baseAuthorityName="H.Milne Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1854" box="[578,678,420,445]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Labuanium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="42" pageNumber="486" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilipes">gracilipes</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
by H. 
<bibRefCitation id="5D654B39FFC0BE486DC3FE3A0C899E95" author="Milne Edwards H" box="[752,985,420,445]" pageId="42" pageNumber="486" pagination="163 - 228" refId="ref43918" refString="Milne Edwards H. 1853. Memoire sur la Famille des Ocypodiens. Ann Scie Nat Zool. 20 (3): 163 - 228, pls. 6 - 11." type="journal article" year="1853">Milne Edwards (1853</bibRefCitation>
, p. 182), which included the name ‘ 
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC0BE486E45FE580DC39EF7" box="[374,659,454,479]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="486">
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFC0BE486E45FE580D179EF7" box="[374,583,454,479]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Sesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="42" pageNumber="486" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="compressa">Sesarma compressa</taxonomicName>
? junior
</emphasis>
’. There is no publication ‘ 
<bibRefCitation id="5D654B39FFC0BE486C92FE580B1E9EF7" author="Jacquinot H &amp; Lucas H" box="[929,1102,454,479]" pageId="42" pageNumber="486" pagination="1 - 107" refId="ref42255" refString="Jacquinot H, Lucas H. 1853. Crustaces. In: voyage au Pole Sud et dans l'Oceanie sur le Corvettes l'Astrolabe et la Zelee; execute par ordre du roi pendant les annees 1837 - 1838 - 1839 - 1840 sous les commandement de M. J. Dumont d'Urville. Zoology 3, Crustaces. 3 (3): 1 - 107. (Atlas 1842 - 1853, 9 pls.)." type="book chapter" year="1853">Jacquinot 1853</bibRefCitation>
’, and the authorship of the name must be attributed to the work of 
<bibRefCitation id="5D654B39FFC0BE486C65FE770BD39D2A" author="Jacquinot H &amp; Lucas H" box="[854,1155,489,514]" pageId="42" pageNumber="486" pagination="1 - 107" refId="ref42255" refString="Jacquinot H, Lucas H. 1853. Crustaces. In: voyage au Pole Sud et dans l'Oceanie sur le Corvettes l'Astrolabe et la Zelee; execute par ordre du roi pendant les annees 1837 - 1838 - 1839 - 1840 sous les commandement de M. J. Dumont d'Urville. Zoology 3, Crustaces. 3 (3): 1 - 107. (Atlas 1842 - 1853, 9 pls.)." type="book chapter" year="1853">Jacquinot and Lucas (1853)</bibRefCitation>
(see 
<bibRefCitation id="5D654B39FFC1BE496FE0FF100E3C9F8F" author="Holthuis LB" box="[211,364,142,167]" pageId="43" pageNumber="487" pagination="413 - 422" refId="ref42066" refString="Holthuis LB. 2002. A few notes on the authors and dates of the names of Crustacea collected by the &quot; Voyage au Pole Sud et dans l'Oceanie sur les corvettes l'Astrolabe et la Zelee &quot;. Crustaceana. 75 (3 - 4): 413 - 422. doi: 10.1163 / 156854002760095480" type="journal article" year="2002">Holthuis 2002</bibRefCitation>
). We have not been able to find any taxon named ‘ 
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC1BE496C95FF100F8D9FE2" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="487">
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFC1BE496C95FF100B299F8F" box="[934,1145,142,167]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Sesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="43" pageNumber="487" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="compressa">Sesarma compressa</taxonomicName>
? junior
</emphasis>
’ and are of the opinion that 
<bibRefCitation id="5D654B39FFC1BE496D2FFF2F0C529FE2" author="Milne Edwards H" box="[540,770,177,202]" pageId="43" pageNumber="487" pagination="163 - 228" refId="ref43918" refString="Milne Edwards H. 1853. Memoire sur la Famille des Ocypodiens. Ann Scie Nat Zool. 20 (3): 163 - 228, pls. 6 - 11." type="journal article" year="1853">Milne Edwards (1853</bibRefCitation>
, p. 182) had merely misspelled the name ‘S[esarma] IMPRESSA? Junior (Edw.)’ which first appeared in the footnote of 
<bibRefCitation id="5D654B39FFC1BE496B2AFF4A0E2D9E27" author="Hombron JB &amp; Jacquinot H" pageId="43" pageNumber="487" pagination="1 - 9" refId="ref42122" refString="Hombron JB, Jacquinot H. 1842 - 1854. Crustaces. Atlas d'Histoire Naturelle. Zoologie. Voyage au Pole Sud et dans l'Oceanie sur les corvettes l'Astrolabe et la Zelee pendant les annees 1837 - 1838 - 1839 - 1840 sous le commandement de M. Dumont d'Urville, Capitaine de vaisseau, publie par ordre du Gouvernement et sous la direction superieure de M. Jacquinot, Capitaine de vaisseau, Commandant de la Zelee. Crustaces. pl. 1 - 9." type="book chapter" year="1842">Hombron and Jacquinot (1842</bibRefCitation>
–1854 (1846), pl. 6, fig. 5). We therefore treat ‘ 
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC1BE496C52FF680B2D9E27" box="[865,1149,246,271]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="487">
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFC1BE496C52FF680B619E27" box="[865,1073,246,271]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Sesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="43" pageNumber="487" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="compressa">Sesarma compressa</taxonomicName>
? junior
</emphasis>
’ as an incorrect spelling of the original name (see 
<bibRefCitation id="5D654B39FFC1BE496D8CFE870C629E1A" author="ICZN &amp; International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature" box="[703,818,281,306]" pageId="43" pageNumber="487" refId="ref42209" refString="ICZN, International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. 1999. International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. 4 th ed. Adopted by the International Union of Biological Sciences. London: the International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, in association with the Natural History Museum." type="book" year="1999">ICZN 1999</bibRefCitation>
, Article 33.3).
</paragraph>
<caption id="6D8B6640FFC0BE486F93F9F30C589997" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4609202" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4609202" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4609202/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="486" startId="42.[160,225,1645,1668]" targetBox="[163,1153,583,1613]" targetPageId="42">
<paragraph id="394B36C8FFC0BE486F93F9F30C589997" blockId="42.[160,1156,1645,1727]" pageId="42" pageNumber="486">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC0BE486F93F9F30E5A99AC" bold="true" box="[160,266,1645,1668]" pageId="42" pageNumber="486">Figure 22.</emphasis>
Lectotype of 
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFC0BE486EA8F9F30DA399AC" authority="Ortmann, 1894" authorityName="Ortmann" authorityYear="1894" box="[411,755,1645,1668]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Sesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="42" pageNumber="486" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jacquinoti">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC0BE486EA8F9F30D0499AC" box="[411,596,1645,1668]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="486">Sesarma jacquinoti</emphasis>
Ortmann, 1894
</taxonomicName>
[now a junior synonym of 
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFC0BE486B3CF9F30D49998A" authority="(A. Milne-Edwards, 1869)" baseAuthorityName="A. Milne-Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1869" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Geosesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="42" pageNumber="486" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angustifrons">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC0BE486B3CF9F30E46998A" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="486">Geosesarma angustifrons</emphasis>
(A. 
<bibRefCitation id="5D654B39FFC0BE486E71F9150D41998A" author="Milne-Edwards A" box="[322,529,1675,1698]" pageId="42" pageNumber="486" pagination="25 - 31" refId="ref43951" refString="Milne-Edwards A. 1869. Notes sur quelques nouvelles especes du genre Sesarma (Say). Nouv Arch Mus Hist Nat Paris. 5: 25 - 31." type="journal article" year="1869">Milne-Edwards, 1869</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
]. MZS Cru1895, male, 14 × 15 mm (Tahiti). a, habitus, dorsal view; b, habitus, ventral view. Arrow indicates a vertical ridge.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="394B36C8FFC1BE496FF3FEA20BD49C75" blockId="43.[159,1156,142,1727]" pageId="43" pageNumber="487">
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFC1BE496FF3FEA20D7D9E7D" authority="Ortmann, 1894" authorityName="Ortmann" authorityYear="1894" box="[192,557,316,341]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Sesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="43" pageNumber="487" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jacquinoti">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC1BE496FF3FEA20ED59E7D" box="[192,389,316,341]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="487">Sesarma jacquinoti</emphasis>
Ortmann, 1894
</taxonomicName>
, was described on the basis of one female from ‘Südsee’ and one male and one female from Tahiti. 
<bibRefCitation id="5D654B39FFC1BE496D56FEC00DB59E5F" author="Tesch JJ" box="[613,741,350,375]" pageId="43" pageNumber="487" pagination="127 - 260" refId="ref46939" refString="Tesch JJ. 1917. Synopsis of the genera Sesarma, Metasesarma, Sarmatium and Clistocoeloma, with a key to the determination of the IndoPacific species. Zool Med. 3: 127 - 260, pls. 15 - 17." type="journal article" year="1917">Tesch (1917</bibRefCitation>
, p. 155) regarded it as conspecific with 
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC1BE496FACFE1F0E769EB2" box="[159,294,385,410]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="487">
Se. 
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFC1BE496FF6FE1F0E769EB2" baseAuthorityName="H.Milne Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1854" box="[197,294,385,410]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Labuanium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="43" pageNumber="487" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilipes">gracilipes</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
. Marie Meister from the Musée zoologique de la ville de Strasbourg was kind enough to take photographs of a 
<typeStatus id="E64F886AFFC1BE496D25FE3A0D3B9E95" box="[534,619,420,445]" pageId="43" pageNumber="487" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
male (MZS Cru1895) and a 
<typeStatus id="E64F886AFFC1BE496CADFE3A0CA39E95" box="[926,1011,420,445]" pageId="43" pageNumber="487" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
female (MZS Cru1896) of 
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC1BE496E15FE580EE19EF7" box="[294,433,454,479]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="487">
Se. 
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFC1BE496E79FE580EE19EF7" authorityName="Ortmann" authorityYear="1894" box="[330,433,454,479]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Sesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="43" pageNumber="487" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jacquinoti">jacquinoti</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
from Tahiti. Both major (right) and minor (left) chelae of the male (
<figureCitation id="A1CF2A4DFFC1BE496F94FE770E409D2A" box="[167,272,489,514]" captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="42.[160,225,1645,1668]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,583,1613]" captionTargetId="figure-170@42.[163,1153,583,1614]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="Figure 22. Lectotype of Sesarma jacquinoti Ortmann, 1894 [now a junior synonym of Geosesarma angustifrons (A. Milne-Edwards, 1869)]. MZS Cru1895, male, 14 × 15 mm (Tahiti). a, habitus, dorsal view; b, habitus, ventral view. Arrow indicates a vertical ridge." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4609202" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4609202/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="487">Figure 22</figureCitation>
) have a short but strong vertical ridge on the inner surface of the palm, and a relatively slender and gently incurved dactylus. The male also has a wide and rounded median concavity of the front, gently concave anterolateral margins with small epibranchial tooth and relatively narrow pleonal somites 5 and 6. The female specimen agrees well with the male specimens except for sexual characters. These characters confirm that 
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC1BE496CCBFDEA0BD29DA5" box="[1016,1154,628,653]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="487">
Se. 
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFC1BE496B28FDEA0BD29DA5" authorityName="Ortmann" authorityYear="1894" box="[1051,1154,628,653]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Sesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="43" pageNumber="487" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jacquinoti">jacquinoti</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
is in fact conspecific with 
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFC1BE496E80FD080C959D87" authority="(A. Milne-Edwards 1869)" baseAuthorityName="A. Milne-Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1869" box="[435,965,662,687]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Geosesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="43" pageNumber="487" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angustifrons">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC1BE496E80FD080DEA9D87" box="[435,698,662,687]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="487">Geosesarma angustifrons</emphasis>
(A. 
<bibRefCitation id="5D654B39FFC1BE496DD0FD080CED9D87" author="Milne-Edwards A" box="[739,957,662,687]" pageId="43" pageNumber="487" pagination="25 - 31" refId="ref43951" refString="Milne-Edwards A. 1869. Notes sur quelques nouvelles especes du genre Sesarma (Say). Nouv Arch Mus Hist Nat Paris. 5: 25 - 31." type="journal article" year="1869">Milne-Edwards 1869</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
(see comparative material of this species examined). 
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFC1BE496D16FD270DBE9DFA" authorityName="Ortmann" authorityYear="1894" box="[549,750,697,722]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Sesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="43" pageNumber="487" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jacquinoti">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC1BE496D16FD270DBE9DFA" box="[549,750,697,722]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="487">Sesarma jacquinoti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is here formally synonymised under 
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFC1BE496FACFD420E6B9DDD" baseAuthorityName="A. Milne-Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1869" box="[159,315,732,757]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Geosesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="43" pageNumber="487" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angustifrons">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC1BE496FACFD420E6B9DDD" box="[159,315,732,757]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="487">G. angustifrons</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The systematic position of 
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFC1BE496D52FD420DAD9DDD" baseAuthorityName="A. Milne-Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1869" box="[609,765,732,757]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Geosesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="43" pageNumber="487" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angustifrons">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC1BE496D52FD420DAD9DDD" box="[609,765,732,757]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="487">G. angustifrons</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is also problematic and it is certainly not a species of 
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFC1BE496E64FD600E879C3F" authorityName="De Man" authorityYear="1892" box="[343,471,766,791]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Geosesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="43" pageNumber="487" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC1BE496E64FD600E879C3F" box="[343,471,766,791]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="487">Geosesarma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as currently defined. 
<bibRefCitation id="5D654B39FFC1BE496DF4FD600CB29C3F" author="Paulay G &amp; Starmer J" box="[711,994,766,791]" pageId="43" pageNumber="487" pagination="19916" refId="ref45519" refString="Paulay G, Starmer J. 2011. Evolution, insular restriction, and extinction of oceanic land crabs, exemplified by the loss of an endemic Geograpsus in the Hawaiian Islands. PLoS One. 6 (5): e 19916. doi: 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0019916" type="journal article" year="2011">Paulay and Starmer (2011</bibRefCitation>
, p. 11) recommended transferring 
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFC1BE496EB1FCBF0D4E9C12" baseAuthorityName="A. Milne-Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1869" box="[386,542,801,826]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Geosesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="43" pageNumber="487" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angustifrons">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC1BE496EB1FCBF0D4E9C12" box="[386,542,801,826]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="487">G. angustifrons</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to 
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFC1BE496D73FCBF0DE09C12" authorityName=", sensu Serene and Soh" authorityYear="1970" box="[576,688,801,826]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Sesarmops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="43" pageNumber="487" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC1BE496D73FCBF0DE09C12" box="[576,688,801,826]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="487">Sesarmops</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
for now, an action we agree with. The male specimen from Tahiti (MZS Cru1895) is here designated as the 
<typeStatus id="E64F886AFFC1BE496C07FCDA0CC99C75" box="[820,921,836,861]" pageId="43" pageNumber="487" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
of 
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFC1BE496C8AFCDA0B2D9C75" authorityName="Ortmann" authorityYear="1894" box="[953,1149,836,861]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Sesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="43" pageNumber="487" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jacquinoti">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC1BE496C8AFCDA0B2D9C75" box="[953,1149,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="487">Sesarma jacquinoti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="394B36C8FFC1BE496FF3FCF80D389B9F" blockId="43.[159,1156,142,1727]" pageId="43" pageNumber="487">
The taxonomic identity of 
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFC1BE496EDAFCF80C619C57" authority="Hess, 1865" authorityName="Hess" authorityYear="1865" box="[489,817,870,895]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Sesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="43" pageNumber="487" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schuetteii">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC1BE496EDAFCF80DE39C57" box="[489,691,870,895]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="487">Sesarma schuetteii</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5D654B39FFC1BE496D89FCF80C619C57" author="Hess W" box="[698,817,870,895]" pageId="43" pageNumber="487" pagination="127 - 173" refId="ref41950" refString="Hess W. 1865. Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Decapoden-Krebse Ost-Australiens. Arch Naturg. 36: 127 - 173, pls. 1, 2." type="book chapter" year="1865">Hess, 1865</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, is herein reassessed, because the taxon was once synonymised with 
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFC1BE496D60FC170C6C9C8A" baseAuthorityName="H.Milne Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[595,828,905,930]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Scandarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="43" pageNumber="487" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilipes">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC1BE496D60FC170C6C9C8A" box="[595,828,905,930]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="487">Scandarma gracilipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by De Man (1887). In spite of the action by De Man (1887), 
<bibRefCitation id="5D654B39FFC1BE496EC2FC320DA29CED" author="Serene R &amp; Soh CL" box="[497,754,940,965]" pageId="43" pageNumber="487" pagination="387 - 416" refId="ref46714" refString="Serene R, Soh CL. 1970. New Indo-Pacific genera allied to Sesarma Say, 1817 (Brachyura, Decapoda, Crustacea). Treubia. 27 (4): 387 - 416." type="journal article" year="1970">Serène and Soh (1970)</bibRefCitation>
resurrected Hess’s taxon as a good species (as 
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFC1BE496E2FFC500EBC9CCF" box="[284,492,974,999]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Labuanium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="43" pageNumber="487" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shuettii">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC1BE496E2FFC500EBC9CCF" box="[284,492,974,999]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="487">Labuanium shuettii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) without comment. 
<bibRefCitation id="5D654B39FFC1BE496DFCFC500C1F9CCF" author="Hess W" box="[719,847,974,999]" pageId="43" pageNumber="487" pagination="127 - 173" refId="ref41950" refString="Hess W. 1865. Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Decapoden-Krebse Ost-Australiens. Arch Naturg. 36: 127 - 173, pls. 1, 2." type="book chapter" year="1865">Hess (1865)</bibRefCitation>
noted that the 
<typeStatus id="E64F886AFFC1BE496CCFFC500B7E9CCF" box="[1020,1070,974,999]" pageId="43" pageNumber="487">type</typeStatus>
locality of 
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC1BE496FF2FC6F0E029B22" box="[193,338,1009,1034]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="487">
Se. 
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFC1BE496FD8FC6F0E029B22" authorityName="Hess" authorityYear="1865" box="[235,338,1009,1034]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Sesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="43" pageNumber="487" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schuetteii">schuetteii</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
was Sydney, although he did not specify how many specimens were available to him for study. 
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFC1BE496EE1FB8A0DCD9B05" authorityName="Hess" authorityYear="1865" box="[466,669,1044,1069]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Sesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="43" pageNumber="487" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schuetteii">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC1BE496EE1FB8A0DCD9B05" box="[466,669,1044,1069]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="487">Sesarma schuetteii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has not since been collected from eastern 
<collectingCountry id="41E37658FFC1BE496F93FBA80E549B67" box="[160,260,1078,1103]" name="Australia" pageId="43" pageNumber="487">Australia</collectingCountry>
, and 
<bibRefCitation id="5D654B39FFC1BE496E72FBA80D559B67" author="McCulloch AR" box="[321,517,1078,1103]" pageId="43" pageNumber="487" pagination="321 - 353" refId="ref43597" refString="McCulloch AR. 1913. Studies in Australian Crustacea. No. 3. Rec Aust Mus. 9: 321 - 353, pls. 10, 11. doi: 10.3853 / j. 0067 - 1975.9.1913.929" type="book chapter" year="1913">McCulloch (1913)</bibRefCitation>
and 
<bibRefCitation id="5D654B39FFC1BE496D0CFBA80D9D9B67" author="Davie PJF" box="[575,717,1078,1103]" pageId="43" pageNumber="487" refId="ref40800" refString="Davie PJF. 2002. Crustacea: Malacostraca. Eucarida (Part 2): Decapoda-Anomura, Brachyura. In: Wells A, Houston WWK, series editors. Zoological Catalogue of Australia. 19.3 B. Melbourne: CSIRO Publications; p. 641." type="journal volume" year="2002">Davie (2002)</bibRefCitation>
questioned the existence of the taxon there. Furthermore, 
<bibRefCitation id="5D654B39FFC1BE496E4CFBC70D539B5A" author="Davie PJF" box="[383,515,1113,1138]" pageId="43" pageNumber="487" refId="ref40800" refString="Davie PJF. 2002. Crustacea: Malacostraca. Eucarida (Part 2): Decapoda-Anomura, Brachyura. In: Wells A, Houston WWK, series editors. Zoological Catalogue of Australia. 19.3 B. Melbourne: CSIRO Publications; p. 641." type="journal volume" year="2002">Davie (2002</bibRefCitation>
, p. 221) noted the 
<typeStatus id="E64F886AFFC1BE496DE0FBC70C559B5A" box="[723,773,1113,1138]" pageId="43" pageNumber="487">type</typeStatus>
material of 
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC1BE496CBBFBC70B439B5A" box="[904,1043,1113,1138]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="487">
Se. 
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFC1BE496C9FFBC70B439B5A" authorityName="Hess" authorityYear="1865" box="[940,1043,1113,1138]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Sesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="43" pageNumber="487" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schuetteii">schuetteii</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
was likely collected from the islands of the south-west Pacific (see also discussion by 
<bibRefCitation id="5D654B39FFC1BE496CE0FBE20B609BBD" author="Ng PKL" box="[979,1072,1148,1173]" pageId="43" pageNumber="487" pagination="265 - 277" refId="ref44332" refString="Ng PKL. 2012. The identity of Sesarma rotundata Hess, 1865, and description of a new species of arboreal crab of the genus Labuanium Serene &amp; Soh, 1970, from Guam, western Pacific (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachyura: Sesarmidae). Raffles Bull Zool Suppl. 25: 265 - 277." type="journal article" year="2012">Ng 2012</bibRefCitation>
, p. 268, for Hess’s species 
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFC1BE496E58FB000D0C9B9F" authorityName="Naruse &amp; Ng" authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="Hess" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[363,604,1182,1207]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Circulium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="43" pageNumber="487" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rotundatum">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC1BE496E58FB000D0C9B9F" box="[363,604,1182,1207]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="487">Circulium rotundatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="394B36C8FFC1BE4E6FF3FB5F0CB39E7D" blockId="43.[159,1156,142,1727]" lastBlockId="44.[159,1156,142,1173]" lastPageId="44" lastPageNumber="488" pageId="43" pageNumber="487">
Wilhelm Hess of the Zoologische Museum Göttingen, 
<collectingCountry id="41E37658FFC1BE496C13FB5F0CD59BF2" box="[800,901,1217,1242]" name="Germany" pageId="43" pageNumber="487">Germany</collectingCountry>
, studied the collection made by Rudolf Schütte in 
<collectingCountry id="41E37658FFC1BE496EE2FB7A0D609BD5" box="[465,560,1252,1277]" name="Australia" pageId="43" pageNumber="487">Australia</collectingCountry>
. A part of Schütte’s collection is known to have been exchanged by De Man in Leiden,and what was left of the remaining collection was transferred to Senckenberg Museum (
<bibRefCitation id="5D654B39FFC1BE496E86FAB70D2C9A6A" author="Fransen CHJM &amp; Holthuis LB &amp; Adema JPHM" box="[437,636,1321,1346]" pageId="43" pageNumber="487" pagination="1 - 344" refId="ref41594" refString="Fransen CHJM, Holthuis LB, Adema JPHM. 1997. Type- catalogue of the Decapod Crustacea in the collections of the Nationaal Natuurhistorisch Museum, with appendices of pre- 1900 collectors and material. Zool Verhandel. 311: i-xvi, 1 - 344." type="journal article" year="1997">Fransen et al. 1997</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="5D654B39FFC1BE496DB5FAB70DAC9A6A" author="Davie PJF" box="[646,764,1321,1346]" pageId="43" pageNumber="487" refId="ref40800" refString="Davie PJF. 2002. Crustacea: Malacostraca. Eucarida (Part 2): Decapoda-Anomura, Brachyura. In: Wells A, Houston WWK, series editors. Zoological Catalogue of Australia. 19.3 B. Melbourne: CSIRO Publications; p. 641." type="journal volume" year="2002">Davie 2002</bibRefCitation>
). We tried to locate the type material of 
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC1BE496F8FFAD20E659A4D" box="[188,309,1356,1381]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="487">Se. schutteii</emphasis>
in the Naturalis, Leiden, and Senckenberg Museum in which collections of the Göttingen Museum are now deposited, but no specimen corresponding to Hess’s material was found. It is known, however, that the Swedish Museum of Natural History (Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet) has the 
<typeStatus id="E64F886AFFC1BE496EB4FA2A0EB89AE5" box="[391,488,1460,1485]" pageId="43" pageNumber="487" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of 
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFC1BE496D22FA2A0C149AE5" authority="Hess, 1865" authorityName="Hess" authorityYear="1865" box="[529,836,1460,1485]" class="Malacostraca" family="Paguridae" genus="Pagurus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="43" pageNumber="487" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minutus">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC1BE496D22FA2A0D959AE5" box="[529,709,1460,1485]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="487">Pagurus minutus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5D654B39FFC1BE496DFDFA2A0C149AE5" author="Hess W" box="[718,836,1460,1485]" pageId="43" pageNumber="487" pagination="127 - 173" refId="ref41950" refString="Hess W. 1865. Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Decapoden-Krebse Ost-Australiens. Arch Naturg. 36: 127 - 173, pls. 1, 2." type="book chapter" year="1865">Hess, 1865</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
; (
<bibRefCitation id="5D654B39FFC1BE496C6AFA2A0F849AC7" author="Sandberg L &amp; McLaughlin PA" pageId="43" pageNumber="487" pagination="197 - 206" refId="ref46237" refString="Sandberg L, McLaughlin PA. 1993. Reexamination of Pagurus minutus Hess, 1865, and Pagurus filholi (de Man, 1887) (Crustacea: Anomura: Paguridae). Zool Meded. 67: 197 - 206." type="journal article" year="1993">Sandberg and McLaughlin, 1993</bibRefCitation>
), although why it is there is not certain. Rasmus Hovmöller and Mattias Forshage of the Swedish Museum of Natural History kindly searched their collections for more material of Hess but found no other specimens. There are several old brachyuran specimens in the museum dating back to Hess’s time, but none of the data corresponds to his type material. The type specimen of 
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC1BE496E14F9FF0ECE9952" box="[295,414,1633,1658]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="487">Se.schutteii</emphasis>
is,therefore,certainly lost. The original descriptions of 
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC1BE496CECF9FF0B339952" box="[991,1123,1633,1658]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="487">
Se. 
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFC1BE496B32F9FF0B339952" authorityName="Hess" authorityYear="1865" box="[1025,1123,1633,1658]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Sesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="43" pageNumber="487" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schuetteii">schuetteii</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
by 
<bibRefCitation id="5D654B39FFC1BE496FACF91A0E4F99B5" author="Hess W" box="[159,287,1668,1693]" pageId="43" pageNumber="487" pagination="127 - 173" refId="ref41950" refString="Hess W. 1865. Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Decapoden-Krebse Ost-Australiens. Arch Naturg. 36: 127 - 173, pls. 1, 2." type="book chapter" year="1865">Hess (1865)</bibRefCitation>
and the subsequent redescription by De Man (1887), who examined the type specimen of 
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC1BE496E1AF9380EFF9997" box="[297,431,1702,1727]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="487">
Se. 
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFC1BE496E7EF9380EFF9997" authorityName="Hess" authorityYear="1865" box="[333,431,1702,1727]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Sesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="43" pageNumber="487" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schuetteii">schuetteii</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
at the Göttingen Museum, clearly showed the presence of a strong protuberance on the outer surface of the palm near the bases of the fingers, a proximal elevation on the occlusal margin of the immovable finger,and two distal teeth on the occlusal margin of the immovable finger (
<bibRefCitation id="5D654B39FFC6BE4E6D3BFF4A0D289FC5" author="Hess W" box="[520,632,212,237]" pageId="44" pageNumber="488" pagination="127 - 173" refId="ref41950" refString="Hess W. 1865. Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Decapoden-Krebse Ost-Australiens. Arch Naturg. 36: 127 - 173, pls. 1, 2." type="book chapter" year="1865">Hess 1865</bibRefCitation>
, pl. 6, fig. 11; 
<figureCitation id="A1CF2A4DFFC6BE4E6C3DFF4A0C259FC5" box="[782,885,212,237]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="37.[160,225,1637,1660]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,643,1605]" captionTargetId="figure-159@37.[163,1153,643,1606]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="Figure 19. Scandarma gracilipes (H. Milne Edwards, 1853), comb. nov. a–c, lectotype of Se. gracilipes, MNHN-B3947, male, 16.6 × 17.3 mm (Tonga); a, habitus, dorsal view; b, right chela, outer view; c, right cheliped, upper view; d, holotype of Sesarma schuetteii Hess, 1865 (now a junior synonym of Sc. gracilipes), outer surface of right chela (after Hess 1865, pl. 6, fig. 11)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4609192" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4609192/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="488">Figure 19</figureCitation>
(d)), characters which are diagnostic of 
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFC6BE4E6E07FF680EE99E27" baseAuthorityName="H.Milne Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[308,441,246,271]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Scandarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="44" pageNumber="488" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" sensu="stricto" species="gracilipes">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC6BE4E6E07FF680EE99E27" box="[308,441,246,271]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="488">Sc. gracilipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="10B357A1FFC6BE4E6EF2FF680EB09E27" box="[449,480,246,271]" pageId="44" pageNumber="488" sensu="stricto">s.s.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<figureCitation id="A1CF2A4DFFC6BE4E6EDDFF680D069E27" box="[494,598,246,271]" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="37.[160,225,1637,1660]" captionTargetBox="[163,1153,643,1605]" captionTargetId="figure-159@37.[163,1153,643,1606]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="Figure 19. Scandarma gracilipes (H. Milne Edwards, 1853), comb. nov. a–c, lectotype of Se. gracilipes, MNHN-B3947, male, 16.6 × 17.3 mm (Tonga); a, habitus, dorsal view; b, right chela, outer view; c, right cheliped, upper view; d, holotype of Sesarma schuetteii Hess, 1865 (now a junior synonym of Sc. gracilipes), outer surface of right chela (after Hess 1865, pl. 6, fig. 11)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4609192" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4609192/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="488">Figure 19</figureCitation>
(b,c)). To stabilise the nomenclature of 
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFC6BE4E6CCEFF680BD29E27" baseAuthorityName="H.Milne Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[1021,1154,246,271]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Scandarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="44" pageNumber="488" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilipes">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC6BE4E6CCEFF680BD29E27" box="[1021,1154,246,271]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="488">Sc. gracilipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC6BE4E6FE0FE870E0C9E1A" box="[211,348,281,306]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="488">
Se. 
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFC6BE4E6FC9FE870E0C9E1A" authorityName="Hess" authorityYear="1865" box="[250,348,281,306]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Sesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="44" pageNumber="488" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schuetteii">schuetteii</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
, we here designate the 
<typeStatus id="E64F886AFFC6BE4E6D41FE870D879E1A" box="[626,727,281,306]" pageId="44" pageNumber="488" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
of 
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFC6BE4E6C32FE870CD99E1A" baseAuthorityName="H.Milne Edwards" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[769,905,281,306]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Scandarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="44" pageNumber="488" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilipes">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC6BE4E6C32FE870CD99E1A" box="[769,905,281,306]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="488">Sc. gracilipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as the 
<typeStatus id="E64F886AFFC6BE4E6CD1FE870B6C9E1A" box="[994,1084,281,306]" pageId="44" pageNumber="488" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
of 
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC6BE4E6B55FE870E519E7D" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="488">
Se. 
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFC6BE4E6FACFEA20E519E7D" authorityName="Hess" authorityYear="1865" box="[159,257,316,341]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Sesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="44" pageNumber="488" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schuetteii">schuetteii</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
, making the latter name an objective junior synonym of the former.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="394B36C8FFC6BE4E6FF3FEC00DDE9DDD" blockId="44.[159,1156,142,1173]" pageId="44" pageNumber="488">
‘ 
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFC6BE4E6FF5FEC00EC69E5F" box="[198,406,350,375]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Sesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="44" pageNumber="488" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilipes">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC6BE4E6FF5FEC00EC69E5F" box="[198,406,350,375]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="488">Sesarma gracilipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
’ has been widely recorded, from Vavao (= 
<collectingRegion id="FB30F82AFFC6BE4E6C81FEC00CAE9E5F" box="[946,1022,350,375]" country="Tonga" name="Vava'u" pageId="44" pageNumber="488">Vava’u</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry id="41E37658FFC6BE4E6B3CFEC00B079E5F" box="[1039,1111,350,375]" name="Tonga" pageId="44" pageNumber="488">Tonga</collectingCountry>
) to 
<collectingCountry id="41E37658FFC6BE4E6F93FE1F0E799EB2" box="[160,297,385,410]" name="Madagascar" pageId="44" pageNumber="488">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
, by many authors, but our study shows that there are at least four species under this name. The distributional range of what we here refer to as the 
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC6BE4E6CC5FE3A0BD39E95" box="[1014,1155,420,445]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="488">
Se. 
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFC6BE4E6B2EFE3A0BD39E95" box="[1053,1155,420,445]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Sesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="44" pageNumber="488" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilipes">gracilipes</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
complex can be roughly divided into 4 regions: (1) the South Pacific to 
<collectingCountry id="41E37658FFC6BE4E6CF6FE580BD09EF7" box="[965,1152,454,479]" name="Solomon Islands" pageId="44" pageNumber="488">Solomon Islands</collectingCountry>
, (2) from Louisiade Archipelago to New 
<collectingCountry id="41E37658FFC6BE4E6D59FE770C599D2A" box="[618,777,489,514]" name="Guinea Island" pageId="44" pageNumber="488">Guinea Island</collectingCountry>
, (3) eastern Indian Ocean (Atjeh, Nicobaren and Pulau Nias), and (4) western Indian Ocean (
<collectingCountry id="41E37658FFC6BE4E6C17FD920CE19D0D" box="[804,945,524,549]" name="Madagascar" pageId="44" pageNumber="488">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
). All the specimens we examined from (1) the South Pacific localities represent 
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFC6BE4E6C63FDB00C8C9D6F" box="[848,988,558,583]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Sesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="44" pageNumber="488" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" sensu="stricto" species="gracilipes">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC6BE4E6C63FDB00C8C9D6F" box="[848,988,558,583]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="488">Sc. gracilipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="10B357A1FFC6BE4E6CD6FDB00B569D6F" box="[997,1030,558,583]" pageId="44" pageNumber="488" sensu="stricto">s.s.</taxonomicNameLabel>
The specimens from (2) Louisiade Archipelago to New 
<collectingCountry id="41E37658FFC6BE4E6DA0FDCF0C7A9D42" box="[659,810,593,618]" name="Guinea Island" pageId="44" pageNumber="488">Guinea Island</collectingCountry>
are markedly different from 
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFC6BE4E6B55FDCF0E569DA5" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Sesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="44" pageNumber="488" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" sensu="stricto" species="gracilipes">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC6BE4E6B55FDCF0E569DA5" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="488">Sc. gracilipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="10B357A1FFC6BE4E6E23FDEA0E619DA5" box="[272,305,628,653]" pageId="44" pageNumber="488" sensu="stricto">s.s.</taxonomicNameLabel>
and recognised as a new species, 
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFC6BE4E6DF7FDEA0CDF9DA5" authority="Naruse &amp; Ng, 2020" authorityName="Naruse &amp; Ng" authorityYear="2020" box="[708,911,628,653]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Scandarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="44" pageNumber="488" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="papua" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC6BE4E6DF7FDEA0CDF9DA5" box="[708,911,628,653]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="488">Scandarma papua</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="10B357A1FFC6BE4E6CABFDEA0CA29DA5" box="[920,1010,628,653]" pageId="44" pageNumber="488" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(see below). Specimens recorded from (3) the eastern Indian Ocean (Atjeh, Nicobaren and Pulau Nias) and (4) the western Indian Ocean (
<collectingCountry id="41E37658FFC6BE4E6D1FFD270DE69DFA" box="[556,694,697,722]" name="Madagascar" pageId="44" pageNumber="488">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
) will be discussed in the Remarks on 
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFC6BE4E6B55FD270F809DDD" authorityName="Alcock" authorityYear="1900" baseAuthorityName="Alcock" baseAuthorityYear="1900" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Sesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="44" pageNumber="488" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="finni">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC6BE4E6B55FD270F809DDD" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="488">Sc. finni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFC6BE4E6E3AFD420EC79DDD" authority="Naruse &amp; Ng, 2020" authorityName="Naruse &amp; Ng" authorityYear="2020" box="[265,407,732,757]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Scandarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="44" pageNumber="488" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="malagasy" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC6BE4E6E3AFD420EC79DDD" box="[265,407,732,757]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="488">Sc. malagasy</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="10B357A1FFC6BE4E6EACFD420EA89DDD" box="[415,504,732,757]" pageId="44" pageNumber="488" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, respectively.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="394B36C8FFC6BE4E6FF3FD600D919B22" blockId="44.[159,1156,142,1173]" pageId="44" pageNumber="488">
<bibRefCitation id="5D654B39FFC6BE4E6FF3FD600E369C3F" author="De Man JG" box="[192,358,766,791]" pageId="44" pageNumber="488" pagination="467 - 929" refId="ref41378" refString="De Man JG. 1902. Die von Herrn Professor Kukenthal im Indischen Archipel gesammelten Dekapoden und Stomatopoden. Abh Senckenb Nat Gesell. 25: 467 - 929, pls. 19 - 27." type="journal article" year="1902">De Man (1902</bibRefCitation>
, p. 507) identified material from Halmahera (Patani) and 
<collectingCountry id="41E37658FFC6BE4E6B38FD600B309C3F" box="[1035,1120,766,791]" name="Indonesia" pageId="44" pageNumber="488">Ternate</collectingCountry>
as ‘ 
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFC6BE4E6F96FCBF0E219C12" box="[165,369,801,826]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Sesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="44" pageNumber="488" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilipes">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC6BE4E6F96FCBF0E219C12" box="[165,369,801,826]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="488">Sesarma gracilipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
’. He said that his specimens have cristae of the upper surface of the cheliped palm that are separated into three parts. 
<bibRefCitation id="5D654B39FFC6BE4E6DE3FCDA0C059C75" author="Tesch JJ" box="[720,853,836,861]" pageId="44" pageNumber="488" pagination="127 - 260" refId="ref46939" refString="Tesch JJ. 1917. Synopsis of the genera Sesarma, Metasesarma, Sarmatium and Clistocoeloma, with a key to the determination of the IndoPacific species. Zool Med. 3: 127 - 260, pls. 15 - 17." type="journal article" year="1917">Tesch (1917</bibRefCitation>
, p. 155) examined material from Andai (
<collectingCountry id="41E37658FFC6BE4E6E07FCF80D489C57" box="[308,536,870,895]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="44" pageNumber="488">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
) and Amboina, identified as ‘ 
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC6BE4E6C4AFCF80B599C57" box="[889,1033,870,895]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="488">
Se. 
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFC6BE4E6C90FCF80B599C57" box="[931,1033,870,895]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Sesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="44" pageNumber="488" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilipes">gracilipes</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
’, and also mentioned this interrupted crista. Those specimens are clearly not 
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFC6BE4E6C9FFC170B6A9C8A" box="[940,1082,905,930]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Sesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="44" pageNumber="488" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilipes">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC6BE4E6C9FFC170B6A9C8A" box="[940,1082,905,930]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="488">Sc. gracilipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or 
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFC6BE4E6B55FC170FB69CED" authority="Naruse &amp; Ng, 2020" authorityName="Naruse &amp; Ng" authorityYear="2020" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Scandarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="44" pageNumber="488" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="papua" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC6BE4E6B55FC170FB69CED" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="488">Sc. papua</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="10B357A1FFC6BE4E6FC1FC320E009CED" box="[242,336,940,965]" pageId="44" pageNumber="488" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, as these two species have a single crista in the cheliped palm. It is necessary to re-examine material studied by 
<bibRefCitation id="5D654B39FFC6BE4E6D95FC500C189CCF" author="De Man JG" box="[678,840,974,999]" pageId="44" pageNumber="488" pagination="21 - 36" refId="ref40962" refString="De Man JG. 1880. On some species of the genus Sesarma Say and Cardisoma Latr. Notes Leyden Mus. 2: 21 - 36." type="journal article" year="1880">De Man (1880</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="5D654B39FFC6BE4E6C64FC500CDE9CCF" author="De Man JG" box="[855,910,974,999]" pageId="44" pageNumber="488" pagination="467 - 929" refId="ref41378" refString="De Man JG. 1902. Die von Herrn Professor Kukenthal im Indischen Archipel gesammelten Dekapoden und Stomatopoden. Abh Senckenb Nat Gesell. 25: 467 - 929, pls. 19 - 27." type="journal article" year="1902">1902</bibRefCitation>
) and 
<bibRefCitation id="5D654B39FFC6BE4E6CE0FC500B339CCF" author="Tesch JJ" box="[979,1123,974,999]" pageId="44" pageNumber="488" pagination="127 - 260" refId="ref46939" refString="Tesch JJ. 1917. Synopsis of the genera Sesarma, Metasesarma, Sarmatium and Clistocoeloma, with a key to the determination of the IndoPacific species. Zool Med. 3: 127 - 260, pls. 15 - 17." type="journal article" year="1917">Tesch (1917)</bibRefCitation>
to fully clarify the specific identity of their material.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="394B36C8FFC6BE4E6FF3FB8A0CC79BBD" blockId="44.[159,1156,142,1173]" pageId="44" pageNumber="488">
Although many references in the literature have used the names ‘ 
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFC6BE4E6CD3FB8A0B169B05" box="[992,1094,1044,1069]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Sesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="44" pageNumber="488" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilipes">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC6BE4E6CD3FB8A0B169B05" box="[992,1094,1044,1069]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="488">gracilipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
’ and ‘ 
<taxonomicName id="FEF44D4BFFC6BE4E6F96FBA80E5C9B67" authorityName="Hess" authorityYear="1865" box="[165,268,1078,1103]" class="Malacostraca" family="Sesarmidae" genus="Sesarma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Decapoda" pageId="44" pageNumber="488" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="schuetteii">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC6BE4E6F96FBA80E5C9B67" box="[165,268,1078,1103]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="488">schuetteii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
’, it is difficult to fully clarify the specific identities of material reported in those references (
<tableCitation id="74760373FFC6BE4E6E58FBC70E939B5A" box="[363,451,1113,1138]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="8.[160,216,142,165]" captionTargetBox="[171,1144,206,530]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Table 2. References that cited Sesarma ‘gracilipes’ and S. ‘schuetteii’ but their identities are not confirmed." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/6D8B6640FFE2BE6A6F93FF100E5B9FEA" pageId="44" pageNumber="488" tableUuid="6D8B6640FFE2BE6A6F93FF100E5B9FEA">Table 2</tableCitation>
). They are treated as incertae sedis for the moment, and the material will need to be re-examined to ascertain precise identities.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="71EE6543FFC6BE4E6F93FB4E0D039A5D" pageId="44" pageNumber="488" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="394B36C8FFC6BE4E6F93FB4E0E049BC2" blockId="44.[160,1156,1232,1397]" box="[160,340,1232,1258]" pageId="44" pageNumber="488">
<emphasis id="0B80EADAFFC6BE4E6F93FB4E0E049BC2" bold="true" box="[160,340,1232,1258]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="488">Ecological note</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="394B36C8FFC6BE4E6F93FB6A0D039A5D" blockId="44.[160,1156,1232,1397]" pageId="44" pageNumber="488">
The recently collected specimens from 
<collectingCountry id="41E37658FFC6BE4E6D53FB6A0DEE9A25" box="[608,702,1268,1293]" name="Vanuatu" pageId="44" pageNumber="488">Vanuatu</collectingCountry>
were all found in low shrubs and small trees near a swampy area several hundred metres from the sea, with thick grass in the undergrowth. All the plants were less than 
<quantity id="FE0C9B2DFFC6BE4E6DB9FAA70D939A7A" box="[650,707,1337,1362]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="44" pageNumber="488" unit="m" value="10.0">10 m</quantity>
tall. All the crabs were caught at night, after sundown, foraging on the plants.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>