133 lines
16 KiB
XML
133 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document id="41FD30744746995ECEC63396F8159AE1" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8150" ID-PMC="PMC5019016" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2828-4-8150" ID-PubMed="27651730" ID-ZooBank="262DB958242246B692E61675C3C07DB1" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2016" ModsDocID="1314-2828-4-e8150" ModsDocOrigin="Biodiversity Data Journal 4" ModsDocTitle="A taxonomic monograph of the assassin bug genus Zelus Fabricius (Hemiptera: Reduviidae): 71 species based on 10,000 specimens" checkinTime="1468017173306" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Zhang, Guanyang, Hart, Elwood R & Weirauch, Christiane" docDate="2016" docId="BD3B7B82416E2900EADE9693E2EACAD9" docLanguage="en" docName="BiodivDatJour 4: e8150" docOrigin="Biodiversity Data Journal 4" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8150" docTitle="Zelus grassans Stal 1862" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="8150" masterDocId="4A3057496460FFD9AB7C4B75FFABFFBD" masterDocTitle="A taxonomic monograph of the assassin bug genus Zelus Fabricius (Hemiptera: Reduviidae): 71 species based on 10,000 specimens" masterLastPageNumber="8150" masterPageNumber="8150" pageNumber="8150" updateTime="1701316338966" updateUser="plazi">
|
|
<mods:mods id="78E32BD499DC2E4F6CCA1603BF1B3791" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
|
<mods:titleInfo id="86958FD1AAB43D9F9C84BDE6F11B3611">
|
|
<mods:title id="20CE6613EC4C1FE5A7AD12B5ACF6C879">A taxonomic monograph of the assassin bug genus Zelus Fabricius (Hemiptera: Reduviidae): 71 species based on 10,000 specimens</mods:title>
|
|
</mods:titleInfo>
|
|
<mods:name id="2649F597CD8150EB31DDD3C3DE4C6452" type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role id="C756F89BEB4AAA36DC2C27E85CD7D191">
|
|
<mods:roleTerm id="147EDC0A95F9A049E99219FABBEE1F77">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart id="82A287F5F3DC365AB892B057AE1C92A0">Zhang, Guanyang</mods:namePart>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:name id="B04DD7EAC12B7530270C28E4BADE0CA9" type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role id="BC23391FEB993368FD3EE626E6FA4337">
|
|
<mods:roleTerm id="C8A9DBD40DF2E6584D4AC560DA08594F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart id="DDD584641EA5044C4CD6E8EFFE09133F">Hart, Elwood R</mods:namePart>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:name id="350C4FD47A1F39DA8E937D321045EA8D" type="personal">
|
|
<mods:role id="2093AEEDD04E557AA9BEA1C59CB2BCAA">
|
|
<mods:roleTerm id="2B9D722962C855AE4DF06BE4E7A0AC5E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
|
</mods:role>
|
|
<mods:namePart id="C45EFFFB6F4F776779CDEA29DB82132E">Weirauch, Christiane</mods:namePart>
|
|
</mods:name>
|
|
<mods:typeOfResource id="BDEAB64098C27B6C0B622D12AAF30D34">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
|
<mods:relatedItem id="3BB806E09EB59AE5294B9AF0F9623F18" type="host">
|
|
<mods:titleInfo id="251816E6BA31CC7213E6413086F8F33B">
|
|
<mods:title id="12F486A584680C48C63368268EB29030">Biodiversity Data Journal</mods:title>
|
|
</mods:titleInfo>
|
|
<mods:part id="C69E90A5624B53556E2F69C13FB1B822">
|
|
<mods:date id="9C99DC680E5ECA622CB4AEDAFD4715B4">2016</mods:date>
|
|
<mods:detail id="1A86395C00338FA6BD38C1FF5B3CF885" type="volume">
|
|
<mods:number id="ABBCF56B1F6616569DFE99E71E506866">4</mods:number>
|
|
</mods:detail>
|
|
<mods:extent id="DC27AA0D6601C110118498FEE30543E0" unit="page">
|
|
<mods:start id="E56929D7D4A5D93DDA4A42AB6F1C53AC">8150</mods:start>
|
|
<mods:end id="2E72AFD560E66EC3E234523E1C63FA1F">8150</mods:end>
|
|
</mods:extent>
|
|
</mods:part>
|
|
</mods:relatedItem>
|
|
<mods:location id="7202913954AAFC9E172EB2B43DC24ACA">
|
|
<mods:url id="9CB87925EB7DE83BA6D3D1B2D991E3BA">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8150</mods:url>
|
|
</mods:location>
|
|
<mods:classification id="17B5A5A8D93112B86B30EB6696B6D725">journal article</mods:classification>
|
|
<mods:identifier id="20F7B422CB36BC52CAF4383C4413516A" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e8150</mods:identifier>
|
|
<mods:identifier id="06E34AABE481EBA987A05889F4396CAA" type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2828-4-8150</mods:identifier>
|
|
<mods:identifier id="98AD5343A9EE63B0F487F59C4177D073" type="ZooBank">262DB958242246B692E61675C3C07DB1</mods:identifier>
|
|
</mods:mods>
|
|
<treatment id="BD3B7B82416E2900EADE9693E2EACAD9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BD3B7B82416E2900EADE9693E2EACAD9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/BD3B7B82416E2900EADE9693E2EACAD9" lastPageNumber="8150" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">
|
|
<subSubSection id="4CD392BAD284497CA02ED2A022CA810C" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" type="nomenclature">
|
|
<paragraph id="89FD44D4E6A3F2C4F133DE47CFC71251" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="11313DC08855648B4F8D52CDB71C8C60" ID-CoL="5D24X" authority="Stal, 1862" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1862" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Zelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zelus grassans" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grassans">
|
|
Zelus grassans
|
|
<normalizedToken id="73DFF08BECEF1A5CAE0DDC125CA6AED9" originalValue="Stål">Stal</normalizedToken>
|
|
, 1862
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="48E28F8BE6BC5F228BD4BBBD72B476BB" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" type="reference_group">
|
|
<paragraph id="D6921A791C212E81BAB1CED65A8459D0" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="9C675FC0A50DB6C7B143DAD6186A8904" class="Insecta" family="Reduviidae" genus="Zelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zelus grassans" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grassans">Zelus grassans</taxonomicName>
|
|
<normalizedToken id="F01401E8E774F2B12C0CF4202141659A" originalValue="Stål">Stal</normalizedToken>
|
|
, 1862, p, 450, orig. descr.;
|
|
<normalizedToken id="4D05578FAD8C8876A84E51B5842ECB56" originalValue="Stål">Stal</normalizedToken>
|
|
, 1872, p. 91, cat.; Lethierry and Severin, 1896, p. 152, cat.; Champion, 1898, p. 256-257, Tab. XV, fig. 16, 17, note and fig.; Kuhlgatz, 1902, p. 266, note; Fracker, 1913, p. 239, 240, key and list (subgenus
|
|
<taxonomicName id="AC9B4A83EB9FFB5358C164AA663B6AA2" class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Heteroptera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Heteroptera (Diplodus)" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Diplodus">Diplodus</taxonomicName>
|
|
); Wygodzinsky, 1949a, p. 49, checklist; Hart, 1986, p. 546-547, redescription, note, fig. and key; Maldonado, 1990, p. 327, cat.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="47593778505BC7822C12601C35997E98" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="39D14BBFE6022F678C2AF284BBDD6624" family="Sparidae" genus="Diplodus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diplodus grassans" order="Perciformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="grassans">Diplodus grassans</taxonomicName>
|
|
: Walker, 1872, p. 124, cat.; Uhler, 1886, p. 24, checklist.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="3D8474D4864F08E39B8E6094E09F3710" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" type="materials_examined">
|
|
<paragraph id="F39EC277F9CC8633FA69F2BA4B843EFA" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">Materials</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="D1C3971B2720C1BE737867E43CCA9F55" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">
|
|
<materialsCitation id="EA298B186C6E6451182107366624E6D9" collectionCode="NHMW" collectorName="Signoret" country="MEXICO" location="MEXICO" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" specimenCode="UCR _ ENT 00075073" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="Holotype">
|
|
Type status:
|
|
<typeStatus id="1167B65EF8E80284BB7DB1EE2FACF0E9" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
|
. Occurrence: catalogNumber:
|
|
<specimenCode id="7A8765D98634D8BB30DB5A42904AC0B2" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">UCR_ENT 00075073</specimenCode>
|
|
; occurrenceRemarks: Verbatim label info: Mexico coll. Signoret / grassans det. Stal / B.C.A. Rhyn.II. Zelusgrassans St. / Zelusgrassans Stal / Holotype / Lectotypus Zelusgrassans STAL, 1862 etik. Hecher 1996 REDV. 471/1; recordedBy:
|
|
<collectorName id="BB2C491F671CCE9A60CD450311F49E39" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">Signoret</collectorName>
|
|
; sex:
|
|
<specimenType id="64CB8D3DE89086F601CD2AEC9EBDDA66" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">Adult Female</specimenType>
|
|
; Taxon: scientificName: Zelusgrassans; family: Reduviidae; genus: Zelus; scientificNameAuthorship:
|
|
<normalizedToken id="C4A688DDAEBC32023174C18D03F38035" originalValue="Stål">Stal</normalizedToken>
|
|
, 1862; Location: country:
|
|
<collectingCountry id="9FFD99C6420A813201728EA4F3B9DEF7" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">MEXICO</collectingCountry>
|
|
; Identification: identifiedBy:
|
|
<determinerName id="76D8651292359110EB40DC7AD6B96F71" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">G. Zhang</determinerName>
|
|
; dateIdentified: 2013; Record Level: institutionCode:
|
|
<collectionCode id="BB6F94ABA4F531FCDA0528CC6BD54000" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">NHMW</collectionCode>
|
|
</materialsCitation>
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="B754DEFB7FBA7AC5C0CCA22F47CB474F" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" type="description">
|
|
<paragraph id="113C6320F12CB6CC18680C3B1C3B704C" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">Description</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="95A9EBFBA12DE9AB3E8ED81A1AA690EA" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">Figs 91, 92, 93</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="CFBA53795E25C2461383AFBF6B55CAD0" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">Male: (Fig. 91a, b, c) Medium-sized, total length 12.42-15.02 mm (mean 13.76 mm, Suppl. material 2); slender. COLORATION: Orangish to reddish, with variable amount of black areas. Legs reddish-brown, pro-femur with broad dark bands; meso and meta-femora reddish-brown, apex dark, two narrow indistinct dark bands medially. Black, red or whitish markings on abdominal venter. VESTITURE: Sparsely setose. Head with short, spine-like setae dorsally, finer, short to long semi-erect and erect setae over entire surface. Anterior pronotal lobe with sparse, erect setae on entire surface; posterior lobe with short, heavy, erect setae on dorsal surface, longer laterally. Abdomen with short to moderately long erect setae on entire surface. STRUCTURE: Head: Cylindrical, L/W = 2.22. Postocular lobe short; in dorsal view distinctly narrowing through anterior 1/2, posterior 1/2 constant, tube-like. Eye prominent; lateral margin much wider than postocular lobe; dorsal margin attaining postocular transverse groove, ventral margin removed from ventral surface of head. Labium: I: II: III = 1: 1.5: 0.4. Basiflagellomere diameter larger than that of pedicel. Thorax: Anterolateral angle rounded; medial longitudinal sulcus evident throughout, deepening posteriorly. Posterior pronotal lobe with rugulose surface; disc distinctly elevated above humeral angle; humeral angle rounded or with minute projection. Scutellum short; apex angulate. Legs: Relatively robust, mesofemoral diameter greatest. Hemelytron: Surpassing apex of abdomen by more than length of abdominal segment seven; quadrate cell moderately sized; Cu and M of cubital cell converging. GENITALIA: (Fig. 92) Pygophore: Ovoid; not expanded laterally in dorsal view. Medial process cylindrical; slender; long, only slightly shorter than paramere; laterally somewhat compressed; posteriorly directed; curved at middle; apex in posterior view acute, without modification; base humped in lateral view. Paramere: Sickle-shaped; long, not reaching apex of medial process; directed toward medial process; strongly curved ventrad at mid-point, apex recurved dorsally; apical portion tapered. Phallus: Dorsal phallothecal sclerite somewhat pandurate, fiddle-shaped, medially constricted; apical portion of phallothecal sclerite gradually tapering, flat, laterally rounded, not forming angle; apex abruptly truncate, not emarginate; posterior margin of foramen nearly straight. Struts attached to dorsal phallothecal sclerite; apically separate, connected by bridge; basally separate. Basal plate arm moderately robust; basally slightly touching, not clearly fused; in lateral view very slightly curved; bridge extremely short; extension of basal plate expanded onto arm.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="9EFB7AFEA4B1C25DA36588DB5501BB02" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">Female: (Fig. 91d) Similar to male, except for the following. Larger than male, total length 14.06-18.13 mm (mean 16.91 mm, Suppl. material 2). Reduced amount of dark areas on body, dorsal surface usually yellowish.</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="37588E1A9E969F86E7FC947EF25D1D72" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" type="diagnosis">
|
|
<paragraph id="38218461161822A4F02CA071926DC998" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">Diagnosis</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="C718177F1A930ACCF9F1BF4220B52CEB" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">
|
|
Can be distinguished by the following combination of characters: Humeral angle without or with minute processes; head and legs predominantly reddish; abdominal segments usually banded; pronotum with erect, nearly spine-like setae. Males can also be recognized by the paramere greatly curved at middle and distinctly tapered apically; the medial process curved and directed posteriad; and the dorsal phallothecal sclerite constricted and the apex truncate, without emargination. The only species within the range of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="DCA3A27F537BB8A24BF44C023236A859" lsidName="Z. grassans" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" rank="species" species="grassans">Z. grassans</taxonomicName>
|
|
with which the females may be confused is
|
|
<taxonomicName id="81B19C355FD99117197EDEE2A6D1A9ED" lsidName="Z. ruficeps" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" rank="species" species="ruficeps">Z. ruficeps</taxonomicName>
|
|
. The pronotal armature readily separate them, that of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="EC5AEDF32F6951CCC1D022F41F2C5C03" lsidName="Z. ruficeps" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" rank="species" species="ruficeps">Z. ruficeps</taxonomicName>
|
|
consisting of broad dentate lateral processes while those of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="E6C55A48A7D68F91DC9171A7805FE5C5" lsidName="Z. grassans" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" rank="species" species="grassans">Z. grassans</taxonomicName>
|
|
are as given above.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="D9F826E0C2276A937685E78F77003E4C" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" type="distribution">
|
|
<paragraph id="68EE14DC9348C509557B6FD704F9850D" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">Distribution</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="713C764CEA3537960825B9CA2E14C9F8" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">From Mexico to Panama (Fig. 93). Countries with specimen records: Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua and Panama.</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="376AB9D96E60252199B8BC8B05459D17" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" type="taxon discussion">
|
|
<paragraph id="17DCB78F9B5EB571EDF59B6B17AEDADF" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">Taxon discussion</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="3A5239991C6CCD40188A8D9680AEB8DD" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150">
|
|
There is a great amount of size and color variations in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="6077682B605568C09E175B7F6CD38F4F" lsidName="Z. grassans" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" rank="species" species="grassans">Z. grassans</taxonomicName>
|
|
. The dorsal coloration varies from almost entirely yellowish with only a narrow transverse dark band near the posterior margins of the pronotal lobes, to almost entirely dark brown. The legs show a similar range of coloration, from almost entirely light to entirely dark. The contrasting black and orange or red colors and the banded abdomen in many specimens of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="FAD47C29A4B1B09E117E2099334108E3" lsidName="Z. grassans" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" rank="species" species="grassans">Z. grassans</taxonomicName>
|
|
suggest that they may be mimics of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="E0F3BB111D329050463BE53C40580877" class="Insecta" family="Pyrrhocoridae" genus="Dysdercus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dysdercus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="8150" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Dysdercus</taxonomicName>
|
|
, whose members have similarly strongly contrasting red and black colors. They have been observed to co-occur on the same plant (Zhang, unpublished), indicating that this may be a case of aggressive mimicry.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |