344 lines
28 KiB
XML
344 lines
28 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.72.e78830" ID-Pensoft-Pub="2625-8498-72-271" ID-Pensoft-UUID="4D682458C96F5B899212B96F789A9403" ID-ZooBank="229EBA83732F477C9B2212222131274C" ModsDocID="2625-8498-72-271" checkinTime="1653650055619" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Vences, Miguel, Koehler, Joern, Crottini, Angelica, Hofreiter, Michael, Hutter, Carl R., du Preez, Louis, Preick, Michaela, Rakotoarison, Andolalao, Rancilhac, Lois, Raselimanana, Achille P., Rosa, Goncalo M., Scherz, Mark D. & Glaw, Frank" docDate="2022" docId="EF4EDB1077AB53CF9E202D6946967F5D" docLanguage="en" docName="VertZool 72: 271-309" docOrigin="Vertebrate Zoology 72" docPubDate="2022-05-26" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.72.e78830" docTitle="Gephyromantis portonae sp. nov. (lineage D)" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" id="4D682458C96F5B899212B96F789A9403" lastPageNumber="271" masterDocId="4D682458C96F5B899212B96F789A9403" masterDocTitle="An integrative taxonomic revision and redefinition of Gephyromantis (Laurentomantis) malagasius based on archival DNA analysis reveals four new mantellid frog species from Madagascar" masterLastPageNumber="309" masterPageNumber="271" pageNumber="271" updateTime="1653650359043" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>An integrative taxonomic revision and redefinition of Gephyromantis (Laurentomantis) malagasius based on archival DNA analysis reveals four new mantellid frog species from Madagascar</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Vences, Miguel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0747-0817</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Zoologisches Institut, Technische Universitaet Braunschweig, Mendelssohnstr. 4, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">m.vences@tu-bs.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Koehler, Joern</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Hessisches Landesmuseum Darmstadt, Friedensplatz 1, 64283 Darmstadt, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Crottini, Angelica</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8505-3050</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>CIBIO, Centro de Investigacao em Biodiversidade e Recursos Geneticos, InBIO Laboratorio Associado, Campus de Vairao, Universidade do Porto, 4485 - 661 Vairao, Portugal & Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Ciencias, Universidade do Porto, 4099 - 002 Porto, Portugal & BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics, Biodiversity and Land Planning, CIBIO, Campus de Vairao, 4485 - 661 Vairao, Portugal</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Hofreiter, Michael</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Institut fuer Biochemie und Biologie, Universitaet Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24 - 25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Hutter, Carl R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Museum of Natural Sciences and Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>du Preez, Louis</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3332-6053</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Unit for Environmental Sciences and Development ,, North-West University, Potchefstroom campus, Private Bag X 6001, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa & South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, Private Bag 1015, Makhanda, 6140, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Preick, Michaela</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Institut fuer Biochemie und Biologie, Universitaet Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str. 24 - 25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Rakotoarison, Andolalao</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Mention Zoologie et Biodiversite Animale, Universite d'Antananarivo, BP 906, 101 Antananarivo, Madagascar</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Rancilhac, Lois</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Zoologisches Institut, Technische Universitaet Braunschweig, Mendelssohnstr. 4, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Raselimanana, Achille P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Mention Zoologie et Biodiversite Animale, Universite d'Antananarivo, BP 906, 101 Antananarivo, Madagascar & Association Vahatra, Lot V A 38 LBA Ter Ambohidempona Tsiadana, BP 3972, 101 Antananarivo, Madagascar</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Rosa, Goncalo M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8658-8436</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, London NW 1 4 RY, UK & Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE 3 c), Faculdade de Ciencias, Universidade de Lisboa, 1749 - 016 Lisboa, Portugal</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Scherz, Mark D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Glaw, Frank</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4072-8111</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Zoologische Staatssammlung Muenchen (ZSM-SNSB), Muenchhausenstr. 21, 81247 Muenchen, Germany</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Vertebrate Zoology</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2022-05-26</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>72</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>271</mods:start>
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<mods:end>309</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.72.e78830</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/vz.72.e78830</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">2625-8498-72-271</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">229EBA83732F477C9B2212222131274C</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">4D682458C96F5B899212B96F789A9403</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<subSection pageId="0" pageNumber="271" type="taxonomy">
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:BEDD6FC6-6F8C-4AE7-9F73-E41DF76D4DA6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/EF4EDB1077AB53CF9E202D6946967F5D" lastPageNumber="271" pageId="0" pageNumber="271">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="271" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="271">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/BEDD6FC6-6F8C-4AE7-9F73-E41DF76D4DA6" authority="sp. nov. (lineage D)" authorityName="sp. nov. (lineage D)" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gephyromantis portonae" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="271" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="portonae">Gephyromantis portonae sp. nov. (lineage D)</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="271" type="holotype">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="271">Holotype.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="271">
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ZSM 115/2021 (ACZCV 0032), adult male, from
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Sahaïndrana">Sahaindrana</normalizedToken>
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campsite (
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<geoCoordinate degrees="17.8971" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-17.8971">17.8971°S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="049.1991" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="49.1991">049.1991°E</geoCoordinate>
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, ca. 239 m a.s.l.), Betampona Strict Nature Reserve, Antsinanana Region, eastern Madagascar, collected on 6 November 2013 by A. Crottini, D. Salvi, E.
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<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="271" rank="tribe" tribe="Scanarini">Scanarini</taxonomicName>
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, and J.H. Velo.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="271" type="paratypes">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="271">Paratypes.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="271">
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ZSM 118/2021 (ACZCV 0223), adult female, from Vohitsivalana campsite (
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<geoCoordinate degrees="17.8826" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-17.8826">17.8826°S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="049.2056" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="49.2056">049.2056°E</geoCoordinate>
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, ca. 497 m a.s.l.), Betampona Strict Nature Reserve, Antsinanana Region, eastern Madagascar, collected on 16 November 2013 by A. Crottini, D. Salvi, E.
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<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="271" rank="tribe" tribe="Scanarini">Scanarini</taxonomicName>
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, and Georges; ZSM 116/2021 (ACZCV 0030), adult female, from
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Sahaïndrana">Sahaindrana</normalizedToken>
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campsite (
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<geoCoordinate degrees="17.8961" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-17.8961">17.8961° S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="049.1995" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="49.1995">049.1995° E</geoCoordinate>
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, ca. 240 m a.s.l.), Betampona Strict Nature Reserve, collected on 6 November 2013 by A. Crottini, D. Salvi, E.
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<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="271" rank="tribe" tribe="Scanarini">Scanarini</taxonomicName>
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, and J.H. Velo; ZSM 117/2021 (ACZCV 0025), adult male, from
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Sahaïndrana">Sahaindrana</normalizedToken>
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campsite (
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<geoCoordinate degrees="17.8945" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-17.8945">17.8945° S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="049.1988" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="49.1988">049.1988° E</geoCoordinate>
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, ca. 349 m a.s.l.), Betampona Strict Nature Reserve, collected on 6 November 2013 by A. Crottini, D. Salvi, E.
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<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="271" rank="tribe" tribe="Scanarini">Scanarini</taxonomicName>
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, and J.H. Velo; MRSN A6263 (FAZC 13518), adult female, from Sahambendrana campsite (
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<geoCoordinate degrees="17.8984" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-17.8984">17.8984°S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="049.2154" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="49.2154">049.2154°E</geoCoordinate>
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, ca. 429 m a.s.l.), Betampona Strict Nature Reserve, collected on 7 February 2007 by G.M. Rosa, and F. Andreone; MRSN A6319 (FAZC 13469), adult male, from Piste Fontsimavo (
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<geoCoordinate degrees="17.9264" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-17.9264">17.9264°S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="049.2083" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="49.2083">049.2083°E</geoCoordinate>
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, ca. 220 m a.s.l.), Betampona Strict Nature Reserve, collected on 3 February 2007 by
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<taxonomicName genus="G." lsidName="G." pageId="0" pageNumber="271" rank="genus">G.</taxonomicName>
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M. Rosa; UADBA uncatalogued (ACZCV 0069), adult individual (unsexed), from Piste Fontsimavo (
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<geoCoordinate degrees="17.9186" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-17.9186">17.9186°S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="049.2103" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="49.2103">049.2103°E</geoCoordinate>
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, ca. 256 m a.s.l.), Betampona Strict Nature Reserve, collected on 11 November 2013 by A. Crottini, D. Salvi, E.
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<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="271" rank="tribe" tribe="Scanarini">Scanarini</taxonomicName>
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, Georges,
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<taxonomicName genus="G." lsidName="G." pageId="0" pageNumber="271" rank="genus">G.</taxonomicName>
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M. Rosa, D.J. Harris, M. Randriamialisoa, and H. Lava; UADBA uncatalogued (ACZCV 0031), juvenile, from
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Sahaïndrana">Sahaindrana</normalizedToken>
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campsite, Betampona Strict Nature Reserve, collected on 7 November 2013 by A. Crottini, D. Salvi, E.
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<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="271" rank="tribe" tribe="Scanarini">Scanarini</taxonomicName>
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, and J.H. Velo; UADBA uncatalogued (ACZCV 0024), adult individual (unsexed), from
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Sahaïndrana">Sahaindrana</normalizedToken>
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campsite, Betampona Strict Nature Reserve, collected on 5 November 2013 by A. Crottini, D. Salvi, E.
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<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="271" rank="tribe" tribe="Scanarini">Scanarini</taxonomicName>
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, and J.H. Velo.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="271" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="271">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="271">The specific epithet is a matronym for Ingrid Porton, our dear friend and colleague. Ingrid is a primatologist and Vice-Chair of Madagascar Fauna and Flora Group, and this honor is a recognition of her continuous support to the study of the unique biodiversity of Betampona Strict Natural Reserve, and her overall commitment to the conservation of Malagasy ecosystems.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="271" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="271">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="271">
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A member of the subfamily
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Laurent" authorityYear="1946" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="271" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Mantellinae">Mantellinae</taxonomicName>
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based on the presence of intercalary elements between terminal and subterminal phalanges of fingers and toes (verified externally), and on the absence of nuptial pads and presence of femoral glands in males. Assigned to the subgenus
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<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gephyromantis (Laurentomantis)" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="271" phylum="Chordata" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Laurentomantis">Gephyromantis Laurentomantis</taxonomicName>
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in the genus
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Methuen" authorityYear="1920" class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gephyromantis" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="271" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="271">Gephyromantis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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based on the strongly tubercular dorsal skin, absence of foot webbing, completely connected lateral metatarsalia, and molecular phylogenetic relationships. The new species differs from all nominal species of the subgenus
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<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gephyromantis (Laurentomantis)" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="271" phylum="Chordata" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Laurentomantis">Gephyromantis Laurentomantis</taxonomicName>
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as follows: From
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<taxonomicName genus="G." lsidName="G. horridus" pageId="0" pageNumber="271" rank="species" species="horridus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="271">G. horridus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by smaller body size (male SVL 22.4-22.9 mm vs. 33.5 mm), and absence of a dorsal pattern of two blackish transverse patches (vs. presence); from
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<taxonomicName genus="G." lsidName="G. ranjomavo" pageId="0" pageNumber="271" rank="species" species="ranjomavo">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="271">G. ranjomavo</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by the absence of light brown to orange-brown color covering limbs dorsally (vs. presence), a slightly smaller body size (male SVL 22.4-22.9 mm vs. 23.5-28.1 mm) and absence of a tibial gland (vs. presence); from
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<taxonomicName genus="G." lsidName="G. striatus" pageId="0" pageNumber="271" rank="species" species="striatus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="271">G. striatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by absence of a vertebral stripe posteriorly on dorsum (vs. presence); from
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<taxonomicName genus="G." lsidName="G. malagasius" pageId="0" pageNumber="271" rank="species" species="malagasius">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="271">G. malagasius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(as redefined herein) by absence of a distinct bluish gray pattern on a dark venter (vs. presence); from
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<taxonomicName genus="G." lsidName="G. marokoroko" pageId="0" pageNumber="271" rank="species" species="marokoroko">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="271">G. marokoroko</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by a more coarsely tubercular dorsal skin, presence of red color ventrally on limbs (vs. absence), absence of orange spots and vermiculations on dorsum (vs. presence), and absence of gray to whitish color on vocal sac (vs. presence). Furthermore, differing from all the aforementioned species (with the exeption of
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<taxonomicName genus="G." lsidName="G. fiharimpe" pageId="0" pageNumber="271" rank="species" species="fiharimpe">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="271">G. fiharimpe</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) by the presence of bright red color in the inguinal region and ventrally on limbs and on a small portion of posterior belly in life (vs. absence), and by a substantial genetic divergence (>6% uncorrected pairwise distance in the 16S gene).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="271">
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According to the molecular phylogeny,
|
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<taxonomicName genus="G." lsidName="G. portonae" pageId="0" pageNumber="271" rank="species" species="portonae">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="271">G. portonae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="271">sp. nov.</emphasis>
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is related to
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="G." lsidName="G. fiharimpe" pageId="0" pageNumber="271" rank="species" species="fiharimpe">
|
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="271">G. fiharimpe</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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|
,
|
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<taxonomicName genus="G." lsidName="G. matsilo" pageId="0" pageNumber="271" rank="species" species="matsilo">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="271">G. matsilo</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
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|
, and
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|
<taxonomicName genus="G." lsidName="G. oelkrugi" pageId="0" pageNumber="271" rank="species" species="oelkrugi">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="271">G. oelkrugi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
described above, but appears to be the genetically most divergent species of this complex, possibly representing the sister taxon of a clade composed by the other three species. It differs from
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="G." lsidName="G. fiharimpe" pageId="0" pageNumber="271" rank="species" species="fiharimpe">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="271">G. fiharimpe</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
by the absence of a tibial gland (vs. presence), a more strongly tubercular dorsal skin, and brighter red ventral color (vs. less bright light red color), and an uncorrected 16S genetic distance of 6.1-8.1%; from the sympatric
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="G." lsidName="G. matsilo" pageId="0" pageNumber="271" rank="species" species="matsilo">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="271">G. matsilo</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
by third toe distinctly longer than fifth (vs. of similar length or slightly longer) and an uncorrected 16S genetic distance of 5.9-7.3%; and from
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="G." lsidName="G. oelkrugi" pageId="0" pageNumber="271" rank="species" species="oelkrugi">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="271">G. oelkrugi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
by a dorsal skin composed of mostly rather large and rounded tubercles (vs. equally prominent but smaller and more pointed tubercles), and an uncorrected 16S genetic distance of 5.1-7.5%.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="271" type="description">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="271">Description of the holotype.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="271">
|
|
Adult male in good state of preservation (Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 18. Preserved holotype specimens of the four new Gephyromantis species in dorsal and ventral view. A, B G. matsilo sp. nov. (lineage A), ZSM 711 / 2009 (ZCMV 7234) from Ambatoroma, Befanjana Forest. C, D G. fiharimpe sp. nov. (lineage B), ZSM 164 / 2016 (FGZC 5181) from Mandraka. E, F G. oelkrugi sp. nov., ZSM 314 / 2010 (FGZC 4220) from Ambodivoangy. G, H G. portonae sp. nov. (lineage D), ZSM 115 / 2021 (ACZCV 0032) from Betampona." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.72.e78830.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/688688" pageId="0" pageNumber="271">18</figureCitation>
|
|
), skin around left femoral gland cut for internal examination of gland. SVL 22.9 mm, for other measurements see Table
|
|
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Morphometric measurements (all in mm) of voucher specimens of Gephyromantis belonging to the subgenus Gephyromantis Laurentomantis newly examined for this study and identified on the basis of DNA sequence data. See Vences et al. (2002) and Glaw and Vences (2011) for measurements of additional individuals. For abbreviations of measurements, see Materials and Methods. HT, holotype." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/F9637F48C90A59E74CFCAD26567B92BE" pageId="0" pageNumber="271" tableUuid="F9637F48C90A59E74CFCAD26567B92BE">1</tableCitation>
|
|
. Body slender; head longer than wide, as wide as body; snout rounded in dorsal view, subacuminate in lateral view; nostrils directed laterally, slightly protuberant, much nearer to tip of snout than to eye; canthus rostralis rather indistinct, slightly concave; loreal region slightly concave; tympanum distinct, rounded, 50% of eye diameter; supratympanic fold not recognizable; tongue ovoid, distinctly forked posteriorly; vomerine teeth weakly recognizable, but present in two small aggregations posteromedially to choanae; choanae rounded; maxillary teeth present. Dermal fold along the lower jaws (the inflatable parts of the vocal sac) not recognizable. Arms slender, subarticular tubercles single; outer and inner metacarpal tubercles distinct; fingers without webbing; relative length of fingers 1 <2 <4 <3, second finger distinctly shorter than fourth finger; finger discs distinctly enlarged; nuptial pads absent. Hindlimbs slender; tibiotarsal articulation reaching anterior corner of eye when hindlimb is adpressed along body; lateral metatarsalia connected; inner metatarsal tubercle distinct, outer metatarsal tubercle small but distinct; webbing between toes absent; relative toe length 1 <2 <5 <3 <4. Third toe distinctly longer than fifth toe. Toe discs enlarged. Skin on upper surface coarsely granular, with a few small ridges and numerous large tubercles on head, eyes, and dorsum. Ventral skin smooth on throat, chest and limbs, granular on posterior belly. Femoral glands well delimited and large, with seven large gland granules visible both in external and internal view. No tibial gland.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="271">After eight years in preservative, dorsal coloration of head and body dark brown, washed with lighter brown color especially on the large tubercles. Darker brown crossbands on hind- and forelimbs. Ventral and posterodorsal surface of thigh with larger whitish/cream areas, which were presumably reddish in life. Ventrally, throat light brown to grayish with a few small light spots; chest brown; belly marbled with brown and light color.</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="271" type="variation">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="271">Variation.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="271">
|
|
The specimens examined and photographed all agree well with each other in external morphology. Several photographed individuals have very large and coarse dorsal tubercles, of less spiny appearance compared to
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="G." lsidName="G. oelkrugi" pageId="0" pageNumber="271" rank="species" species="oelkrugi">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="271">G. oelkrugi</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName genus="G." lsidName="G. matsilo" pageId="0" pageNumber="271" rank="species" species="matsilo">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="271">G. matsilo</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(see especially Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="F24" captionText="Figure 24. Specimens of Gephyromantis portonae sp. nov. (lineage D) in life, all from Betampona. A, B Specimen ACZCV 1216. C Specimen ACZCV 1215. D Specimen ACZCV 1311. E Specimen ACZCV 1353. F Specimen ACZCV 1350. G Specimen ACZCV 1358. Not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/vz.72.e78830.figure24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/688694" pageId="0" pageNumber="271">24A</figureCitation>
|
|
, but also 24E-G). Tibial glands are absent in all specimens. The two females are distinctly larger than the two males for which measurements are available (25.1-26.1 vs. 22.4-22.9).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<caption doi="10.3897/vz.72.e78830.figure24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/688694" pageId="0" pageNumber="271" start="Figure 24" startId="F24">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="271">
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="271">Figure 24.</emphasis>
|
|
Specimens of
|
|
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" family="Mantellidae" genus="Gephyromantis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gephyromantis portonae" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="271" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="portonae">
|
|
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="271">Gephyromantis portonae</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="271">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
|
(lineage D) in life, all from Betampona.
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="271">A</emphasis>
|
|
,
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="271">B</emphasis>
|
|
Specimen ACZCV 1216.
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="271">C</emphasis>
|
|
Specimen ACZCV 1215.
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="271">D</emphasis>
|
|
Specimen ACZCV 1311.
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="271">E</emphasis>
|
|
Specimen ACZCV 1353.
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="271">F</emphasis>
|
|
Specimen ACZCV 1350.
|
|
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="271">G</emphasis>
|
|
Specimen ACZCV 1358. Not to scale.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</caption>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="271" type="call">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="271">Call.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="271">Although the advertisement call has never been recorded and analysed, one male has been heard calling. Call sounded unmotivated with low amplitude notes.</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="271" type="distribution">
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="271">Distribution and natural history.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="271">Based on genetically verified records, the distribution area is restricted to (1) Sahafina and (2) Betampona. Calling males were observed in Betampona in a muddy bank close to slow running brooks, but the species is often encountered on the leaflitter in dense forest, along slopes and ridges of steep hills, far from water. The tadpole is unknown. A poorly known species apparently restricted to lowland rainforest habitat ranging from 200 m a.s.l. to approximately 500 m a.s.l. of elevation.</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</subSection>
|
|
</document> |