297 lines
34 KiB
XML
297 lines
34 KiB
XML
<document id="5191C0AB2DC5959058A7B5081DD75B84" ID-CLB-Dataset="3152" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5072.4.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="87c4739e-7fe1-41e7-a25f-aae7e837fb33" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5748862" ID-ZooBank="810459A8-AF47-47A9-B5B6-BE45659B3E7F" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1638424210814" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Benayahu, Yehuda, Ekins, Merrick & Mcfadden, Catherine S." docDate="2021" docId="FB5F8935FFD1FFBCFF0CFCED3C44D63D" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5072.4.2.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5072 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Sympodium subtilis Benayahu & Ekins & Mcfadden 2021, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="340" masterDocId="0766F14DFFDEFFACFF9BFFF93E6FD02C" masterDocTitle="Overview of the genus Sympodium Ehrenberg, 1834 (Octocorallia, Alcyonacea, Xeniidae), with the description of new species, revealing regional endemism" masterLastPageNumber="350" masterPageNumber="324" pageNumber="339" updateTime="1699471700562" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="20DDFFFCD3BB424B431C247C5054F215">Overview of the genus Sympodium Ehrenberg, 1834 (Octocorallia, Alcyonacea, Xeniidae), with the description of new species, revealing regional endemism</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="05C4AF3EA7A0D39D0763E3A6D1BC7591">Benayahu, Yehuda</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="3CA95A9149F451155C3E5455FECBED07">School of Zoology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, 69978, Israel yehudab @ tauex. tau. ac. il; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6999 - 0239</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="144687E3ABD72EFA7BFB8E23213F6E34" type="email">yehudab@tauex.tau.ac.il</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="B56CAC7259CB9EB7E99EB3B938C7B62F">Ekins, Merrick</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="3D10DFDCD7752CD2C8C02678C02CD90A">Queensland Museum, South Brisbane BC, Queensland 4101, Australia.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="383265E56A01C65C7A9CF0C08837D17D">Mcfadden, Catherine S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="EBB14537AEA1B1FFD2D84E58217E79E8">Department of Biology, Harvey Mudd College, Claremont, CA 91711, USA.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="83BD1611828F3F294E288A739D43636A">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="218E815AD93A91355BDB99F85C5DB106">2021</mods:date>
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<taxonomicName id="B4F643A0FFD1FFA3FF0CFCED3FEBD303" ID-CoL="8TFZF" authority="Benayahu & Ekins & Mcfadden, 2021" authorityName="Benayahu & Ekins & Mcfadden" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,388,788,815]" class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Sympodium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="15" pageNumber="339" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="subtilis" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="4182E431FFD1FFA3FF0CFCED3FEBD303" bold="true" box="[151,388,788,815]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="339">Sympodium subtilis</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="73493823FFD1FFA3FF0CFCC13F36D37E" blockId="15.[151,462,788,850]" box="[151,345,824,850]" pageId="15" pageNumber="339">
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<figureCitation id="EBCD24A6FFD1FFA3FF0CFCC13E9CD37E" box="[151,243,824,850]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1834,1858]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,874,1809]" captionTargetId="figure-86@15.[151,1435,874,1810]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 12. Sympodium subtilis sp. n.: morphology of type material colonies. (A) Syntypes (SMNHTAU_Co_38204) encrusting colonies with delicate membrane growing on a bivalve shell. (B) Higher magnification of portion of syntypes showing both expanded and retracted polyps on spreading membrane." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5748897" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5748897/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="339">Figs. 12</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="EBCD24A6FFD1FFA3FF64FCC13F72D37E" box="[255,285,824,850]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1096,1120]" captionTargetBox="[151,1437,669,1073]" captionTargetId="figure-233@16.[151,1437,669,1073]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 13. Scanning electron micrographs of sclerites of Sympodium subtilis sp. n. Syntypes (SMNHTAU_Co_38204): (A) Ellipsoid platelets. (B) Tips of calcite rods provide a uniform granular appearance to the sclerite surface." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5748899" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5748899/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="339">13</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="EBCD24A6FFD1FFA3FEB2FCC13F36D37E" box="[297,345,824,850]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1410,1434]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,276,1387]" captionTargetId="figure-77@17.[151,1436,273,1387]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 14. Live colonies of Sympodium species on the reef. (A) Colonies of S. subtilis sp. n. with expanded polyps. (B, C) Colonies of S. vegrandis sp. n. (D, E) Colonies of S. yonaguniensis sp. n." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5748901" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5748901/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="339">14A</figureCitation>
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<emphasis id="4182E431FFD1FFA3FF0CF8D33F49D76E" bold="true" box="[151,294,1834,1858]" pageId="15" pageNumber="339">FIGURE 12.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="B4F643A0FFD1FFA3FEA9F8D33F92D76E" authority="Benayahu & Ekins & Mcfadden, 2021" authorityName="Benayahu & Ekins & Mcfadden" authorityYear="2021" box="[306,509,1834,1858]" class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Sympodium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="15" pageNumber="339" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="subtilis" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="4182E431FFD1FFA3FEA9F8D33F92D76E" box="[306,509,1834,1858]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="339">Sympodium subtilis</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="5AB1594AFFD1FFA3FD92F8D33C27D76E" box="[521,584,1834,1858]" pageId="15" pageNumber="339" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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: morphology of type material colonies. (A) Syntypes (SMNHTAU_Co_38204) encrusting colonies with delicate membrane growing on a bivalve shell. (B) Higher magnification of portion of syntypes showing both expanded and retracted polyps on spreading membrane.
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<elevation id="F8DBDF10FFCEFFBCFA1BFF6E3EC0D0F9" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="340" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
, coll.
|
||
<collectorName id="DE035DF5FFCEFFBCFF63FF423FFBD0F9" box="[248,404,187,213]" pageId="16" pageNumber="340">C. McFadden</collectorName>
|
||
(molecular sample only);
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="C39E327EFFCEFFBCFD5DFF423CE8D131" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3413092304" collectingDate="2018-09-22" collectingDateMax="2018-09-23" collectingDateMin="2018-09-22" collectorName="C. McFadden" county="Co" elevation="20" latitude="32.024822" location="Danjo Islands" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="128.36429" municipality="Danjo Islands" pageId="16" pageNumber="340" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Nagasaki">
|
||
SMNHTAU_Co_38103
|
||
<collectingRegion id="B132F6C1FFCEFFBCFC41FF423A2AD0F9" box="[986,1093,187,213]" country="Japan" name="Nagasaki" pageId="16" pageNumber="340">Nagasaki</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="76296EF8FFCEFFBCFBC8FF423A9CD0F9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FB5F8935FFD1FFBCFF0CFCED3C44D63D:76296EF8FFCEFFBCFBC8FF423A9CD0F9" box="[1107,1267,187,213]" county="Co" latitude="32.024822" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="128.36429" municipality="Danjo Islands" name="Danjo Islands" pageId="16" pageNumber="340" stateProvince="Nagasaki">Danjo Islands</location>
|
||
, rocks west of
|
||
<location id="76296EF8FFCEFFBCFF0CFF263E96D0D5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FB5F8935FFD1FFBCFF0CFCED3C44D63D:76296EF8FFCEFFBCFF0CFF263E96D0D5" box="[151,249,223,249]" county="Co" latitude="32.024822" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="128.36429" municipality="Danjo Islands" name="Yorijima" pageId="16" pageNumber="340" stateProvince="Nagasaki">Yorijima</location>
|
||
(
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="16C25EE4FFCEFFBCFE96FF263FC7D0D5" box="[269,424,223,249]" degrees="32.024824" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="340" precision="1" value="32.024822">32.024824°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="16C25EE4FFCEFFBCFE2CFF263C32D0D6" box="[439,605,223,250]" degrees="128.364289" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="340" precision="1" value="128.36429">128.364289°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
),
|
||
<date id="07481EE3FFCEFFBCFDEFFF263D35D0D5" box="[628,858,223,249]" pageId="16" pageNumber="340" value="2018-09-23">
|
||
<collectingDate id="170CE70BFFCEFFBCFDEFFF263D35D0D5" box="[628,858,223,249]" pageId="16" pageNumber="340" value="2018-09-23">23 September 2018</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, 10–
|
||
<quantity id="B40E95C6FFCEFFBCFC08FF263DBCD0D5" box="[915,979,223,249]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="340" unit="m" value="20.0">
|
||
<elevation id="F8DBDF10FFCEFFBCFC08FF263DBCD0D5" box="[915,979,223,249]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="340" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
, coll.
|
||
<collectorName id="DE035DF5FFCEFFBCFBBBFF263AD2D0D5" box="[1056,1213,223,249]" pageId="16" pageNumber="340">C. McFadden</collectorName>
|
||
(molecular sample only); SMNHTAU_
|
||
<collectorName id="DE035DF5FFCEFFBCFEE0FEFA3FF4D131" box="[379,411,259,285]" pageId="16" pageNumber="340">Co</collectorName>
|
||
_38104, same details
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="3BEC6BA8FFCEFFBCFF5CFEDF3DD4D4E1" pageId="16" pageNumber="340" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="73493823FFCEFFBCFF5CFEDF3DB3D235" blockId="16.[151,1437,151,645]" pageId="16" pageNumber="340">
|
||
<emphasis id="4182E431FFCEFFBCFF5CFEDF3F3ED16C" bold="true" box="[199,337,294,320]" pageId="16" pageNumber="340">Description</emphasis>
|
||
. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="AC4D8681FFCEFFBCFE05FEDE3C6FD16D" box="[414,512,295,321]" pageId="16" pageNumber="340" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
comprise several irregular encrusting colonies with a delicate thin spreading membrane (<
|
||
<quantity id="B40E95C6FFCEFFBCFEB6FEB33FE8D149" box="[301,391,330,357]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="340" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
) attached to a bivalve shell (
|
||
<figureCitation id="EBCD24A6FFCEFFBCFD55FEB23D58D149" box="[718,823,331,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1834,1858]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,874,1809]" captionTargetId="figure-86@15.[151,1435,874,1810]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 12. Sympodium subtilis sp. n.: morphology of type material colonies. (A) Syntypes (SMNHTAU_Co_38204) encrusting colonies with delicate membrane growing on a bivalve shell. (B) Higher magnification of portion of syntypes showing both expanded and retracted polyps on spreading membrane." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5748897" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5748897/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="340">Fig. 12A</figureCitation>
|
||
). The largest colony has a surface area of ca.
|
||
<quantity id="B40E95C6FFCEFFBCFAA6FEB33BE2D149" box="[1341,1421,330,357]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="16" pageNumber="340" unit="mm" value="15.0">15 mm</quantity>
|
||
<superScript id="8483956BFFCEFFBCFA16FEB33BFAD174" attach="left" box="[1421,1429,330,344]" fontSize="6" pageId="16" pageNumber="340">2</superScript>
|
||
. In addition, there are a few small colonies measuring
|
||
<quantity id="B40E95C6FFCEFFBCFD60FE973D35D1A5" box="[763,858,366,393]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="340" unit="mm" value="4.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="3.0">3–5 mm</quantity>
|
||
<superScript id="8483956BFFCEFFBCFCC2FE973D0ED150" attach="left" box="[857,865,366,380]" fontSize="6" pageId="16" pageNumber="340">2</superScript>
|
||
. It was not possible to separate a single colony as a
|
||
<typeStatus id="AC4D8681FFCEFFBCFF34FE6A3F7ED181" box="[175,273,403,429]" pageId="16" pageNumber="340" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
without compromising its integrity and therefore
|
||
<typeStatus id="AC4D8681FFCEFFBCFCC7FE6A3DD1D181" box="[860,958,403,429]" pageId="16" pageNumber="340" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
were assigned. The polyps emerge from the membrane
|
||
<quantity id="B40E95C6FFCEFFBCFED9FE4F3FCED1FD" box="[322,417,438,465]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="340" unit="mm" value="3.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="1.0">1–5 mm</quantity>
|
||
apart and exhibit various degrees of retraction (
|
||
<figureCitation id="EBCD24A6FFCEFFBCFC50FE4E3A5BD1FD" box="[971,1076,439,465]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1834,1858]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,874,1809]" captionTargetId="figure-86@15.[151,1435,874,1810]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 12. Sympodium subtilis sp. n.: morphology of type material colonies. (A) Syntypes (SMNHTAU_Co_38204) encrusting colonies with delicate membrane growing on a bivalve shell. (B) Higher magnification of portion of syntypes showing both expanded and retracted polyps on spreading membrane." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5748897" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5748897/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="340">Fig. 12B</figureCitation>
|
||
). The few expanded polyps are up to
|
||
<quantity id="B40E95C6FFCEFFBCFF41FE233F5DD1D9" box="[218,306,474,501]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="16" pageNumber="340" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long and their tentacles are approximately
|
||
<quantity id="B40E95C6FFCEFFBCFCBBFE233D17D1D9" box="[800,888,474,501]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="340" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long. The pinnules are either totally or partially contracted, with a single row of 3–5 pinnules on either side of the tentacle.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="73493823FFCEFFBCFF5CFDDA3D3CD2A9" blockId="16.[151,1437,151,645]" pageId="16" pageNumber="340">
|
||
The sclerites of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="AC4D8681FFCEFFBCFE3BFDDA3C6DD211" box="[416,514,547,573]" pageId="16" pageNumber="340" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
are ellipsoid platelets, abundant throughout the colony and measuring
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="16C25EE4FFCEFFBCFA8BFDDA3B20D211" box="[1296,1359,547,573]" degrees="0.010" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="340" precision="55" value="0.01">0.010</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="16C25EE4FFCEFFBCFAD4FDDA3BF3D211" box="[1359,1436,547,573]" degrees="0.012" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="340" precision="55" value="-0.012">–0.012</geoCoordinate>
|
||
x
|
||
<quantity id="B40E95C6FFCEFFBCFF36FDBF3F03D24D" box="[173,364,582,609]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="16" pageNumber="340" unit="mm" value="0.013999999999999999" valueMax="0.015" valueMin="0.013">
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="16C25EE4FFCEFFBCFF36FDBF3E83D24D" box="[173,236,582,609]" degrees="0.013" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="340" precision="55" value="0.013">0.013</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="16C25EE4FFCEFFBCFF70FDBF3F56D24D" box="[235,313,582,609]" degrees="0.015" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="16" pageNumber="340" precision="55" value="-0.015">–0.015</geoCoordinate>
|
||
mm
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
in diameter (
|
||
<figureCitation id="EBCD24A6FFCEFFBCFD99FDBE3C0CD24E" box="[514,611,583,610]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1096,1120]" captionTargetBox="[151,1437,669,1073]" captionTargetId="figure-233@16.[151,1437,669,1073]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 13. Scanning electron micrographs of sclerites of Sympodium subtilis sp. n. Syntypes (SMNHTAU_Co_38204): (A) Ellipsoid platelets. (B) Tips of calcite rods provide a uniform granular appearance to the sclerite surface." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5748899" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5748899/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="340">Fig.13A</figureCitation>
|
||
). They are composed of densely packed calcite rods whose tips provide a uniform granular appearance to the sclerite surface (
|
||
<figureCitation id="EBCD24A6FFCEFFBCFD7BFD923D29D2A9" box="[736,838,619,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1096,1120]" captionTargetBox="[151,1437,669,1073]" captionTargetId="figure-233@16.[151,1437,669,1073]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 13. Scanning electron micrographs of sclerites of Sympodium subtilis sp. n. Syntypes (SMNHTAU_Co_38204): (A) Ellipsoid platelets. (B) Tips of calcite rods provide a uniform granular appearance to the sclerite surface." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5748899" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5748899/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="340">Fig. 13B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="278968ABFFCEFFBCFF0CFBB13AD5D4A9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5748899" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5748899" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5748899/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="340" startId="16.[151,250,1096,1120]" targetBox="[151,1437,669,1073]" targetPageId="16">
|
||
<paragraph id="73493823FFCEFFBCFF0CFBB13AD5D4A9" blockId="16.[151,1436,1096,1157]" pageId="16" pageNumber="340">
|
||
<emphasis id="4182E431FFCEFFBCFF0CFBB13F76D44D" bold="true" box="[151,281,1096,1121]" pageId="16" pageNumber="340">FIGURE 13</emphasis>
|
||
. Scanning electron micrographs of sclerites of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B4F643A0FFCEFFBCFD62FBB03DD0D44D" authority="Benayahu & Ekins & Mcfadden, 2021" authorityName="Benayahu & Ekins & Mcfadden" authorityYear="2021" box="[761,959,1097,1121]" class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Sympodium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="16" pageNumber="340" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="subtilis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="4182E431FFCEFFBCFD62FBB03DD0D44D" box="[761,959,1097,1121]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="340">Sympodium subtilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="4182E431FFCEFFBCFC5DFBB03D90D44D" bold="true" box="[966,1023,1097,1121]" pageId="16" pageNumber="340">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="5AB1594AFFCEFFBCFC5DFBB03D90D44D" box="[966,1023,1097,1121]" pageId="16" pageNumber="340" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Syntypes (SMNHTAU_Co_38204): (A) Ellipsoid platelets. (B) Tips of calcite rods provide a uniform granular appearance to the sclerite surface.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="73493823FFCEFFBCFF5CFB4A3DD4D4E1" blockId="16.[151,1437,1203,1553]" box="[199,955,1203,1229]" pageId="16" pageNumber="340">
|
||
<emphasis id="4182E431FFCEFFBCFF5CFB4A3F7FD4E1" bold="true" box="[199,272,1203,1229]" pageId="16" pageNumber="340">Color.</emphasis>
|
||
The ethanol-preserved
|
||
<typeStatus id="AC4D8681FFCEFFBCFD82FB4A3C14D4E1" box="[537,635,1203,1229]" pageId="16" pageNumber="340" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
are light gray, almost white.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="3BEC6BA8FFCEFFBCFF5CFB2E3FDBD539" pageId="16" pageNumber="340" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="73493823FFCEFFBCFF5CFB2E3FDBD539" blockId="16.[151,1437,1203,1553]" pageId="16" pageNumber="340">
|
||
<emphasis id="4182E431FFCEFFBCFF5CFB2E3F21D4DD" bold="true" box="[199,334,1239,1265]" pageId="16" pageNumber="340">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The species’ name,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B4F643A0FFCEFFBCFDD8FB2E3CFBD4DD" authorityName="Benayahu & Ekins & Mcfadden" authorityYear="2021" box="[579,660,1239,1265]" class="Anthozoa" family="Xeniidae" genus="Sympodium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="16" pageNumber="340" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="subtilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="4182E431FFCEFFBCFDD8FB2E3CFBD4DD" box="[579,660,1239,1265]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="340">subtilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Latin meaning delicate, refers to the delicate encrusting membrane of the species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="3BEC6BA8FFCEFFBCFF5CFAE63A21D5AD" pageId="16" pageNumber="340" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="73493823FFCEFFBCFF5CFAE63C7AD571" blockId="16.[151,1437,1203,1553]" pageId="16" pageNumber="340">
|
||
<emphasis id="4182E431FFCEFFBCFF5CFAE63F50D515" bold="true" box="[199,319,1311,1337]" pageId="16" pageNumber="340">Variation.</emphasis>
|
||
The
|
||
<typeStatus id="AC4D8681FFCEFFBCFE1BFAE63F8FD515" box="[384,480,1311,1337]" pageId="16" pageNumber="340" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
SMNHTAU_Co_38104 is a small colony measuring only a few mm in size, but otherwise resembles the
|
||
<typeStatus id="AC4D8681FFCEFFBCFE30FABA3C7ED571" box="[427,529,1347,1373]" pageId="16" pageNumber="340" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="73493823FFCEFFBCFF5CFA9E3A21D5AD" blockId="16.[151,1437,1203,1553]" box="[199,1102,1383,1409]" pageId="16" pageNumber="340">
|
||
<emphasis id="4182E431FFCEFFBCFF5CFA9E3F13D5AD" bold="true" box="[199,380,1383,1409]" pageId="16" pageNumber="340">Living features</emphasis>
|
||
. The live colonies feature polyps arranged in groups (
|
||
<figureCitation id="EBCD24A6FFCEFFBCFC42FA9E3A2ED5AD" box="[985,1089,1383,1409]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1410,1434]" captionTargetBox="[152,1436,276,1387]" captionTargetId="figure-77@17.[151,1436,273,1387]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 14. Live colonies of Sympodium species on the reef. (A) Colonies of S. subtilis sp. n. with expanded polyps. (B, C) Colonies of S. vegrandis sp. n. (D, E) Colonies of S. yonaguniensis sp. n." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5748901" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5748901/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="340">Fig. 14A</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="3BEC6BA8FFCEFFBCFF5CFA723FC0D589" box="[199,431,1419,1445]" pageId="16" pageNumber="340" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="73493823FFCEFFBCFF5CFA723FC0D589" blockId="16.[151,1437,1203,1553]" box="[199,431,1419,1445]" pageId="16" pageNumber="340">
|
||
<emphasis id="4182E431FFCEFFBCFF5CFA723F36D589" bold="true" box="[199,345,1419,1445]" pageId="16" pageNumber="340">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0BE178B3FFCEFFBCFEFCFA723FC5D589" box="[359,426,1419,1445]" name="Japan" pageId="16" pageNumber="340">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="3BEC6BA8FFCEFFBCFF5CFA563C44D63D" pageId="16" pageNumber="340" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="73493823FFCEFFBCFF5CFA563C44D63D" blockId="16.[151,1437,1203,1553]" pageId="16" pageNumber="340">
|
||
<emphasis id="4182E431FFCEFFBCFF5CFA563F5BD5E5" bold="true" box="[199,308,1455,1481]" pageId="16" pageNumber="340">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
. The colonies are characterized by a remarkably thin and delicate spreading membrane which is suggested to be diagnostic for this species. The ethanol-preserved
|
||
<typeStatus id="AC4D8681FFCEFFBCFC05FA2A3A6FD5C1" box="[926,1024,1491,1517]" pageId="16" pageNumber="340" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
and
|
||
<typeStatus id="AC4D8681FFCEFFBCFBA6FA2A3AC7D5C1" box="[1085,1192,1491,1517]" pageId="16" pageNumber="340" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
were sequenced and subsequently assigned to MOTU68.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |