461 lines
58 KiB
XML
461 lines
58 KiB
XML
<document id="81CD3D96CAC442A47FA28AEB4A0C4302" ID-CLB-Dataset="299060" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5474.2.4" ID-GBIF-Dataset="93c8b80b-fa62-4506-a9e8-3e2ac474cd02" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12567422" ID-ZooBank="0F2C5868-DE92-4CF4-99E3-2939D31977BA" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.treatments_approvedBy="guilherme" checkinTime="1719478979038" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Duan, Yu-Bo, Liu, Luan, Zhu, Dao-Hong, Zeng, Yang & Liu, Zhiwei" docDate="2024" docId="D9536871C401FFE7FF57429CC179EB94" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5474.2.4.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5474 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5474.2.4" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Andricus wugangensis Zeng, Liu, & Zhu 2024, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="167" masterDocId="256A1009C402FFE4FFC0402EC43FEF35" masterDocTitle="Description of a new species of Andricus Hartig, 1840 (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae Cynipini) from China" masterLastPageNumber="172" masterPageNumber="160" pageNumber="163" updateTime="1719582965794" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="015ADED48CE50448EAC22B2A8903D61D">Description of a new species of Andricus Hartig, 1840 (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae Cynipini) from China</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="482580F303A84F18155BD686DD0B3441">Duan, Yu-Bo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="6416AF71FB350D23E566B40856757AFE">Laboratory of Insect Behavior and Evolutionary Ecology, College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="AECCFAF3C1758E16877BAA1720009114">Liu, Luan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="5F77B3E2149E50F1E873519BF30BDC78">Laboratory of Insect Behavior and Evolutionary Ecology, College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="BB568F499D4FDA424F79FCEB78D14C28" type="email">471307114@qq.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="0713089F61EB482025DF35BC5CAA13B3">Zhu, Dao-Hong</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2E22982B80D7AD92AA5B59F0E7DCF0C2">Laboratory of Insect Behavior and Evolutionary Ecology, College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="2AD78857E69D15905F4B7E63A319E098" type="email">daohongzhu@yeah.net</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="4AFB6882CCAD36993AAAB51BB355765E">Zeng, Yang</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="1F19C376A38EA49CD113A61254131427">Laboratory of Insect Behavior and Evolutionary Ecology, College of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="C695C00CA80F5C8DE00D44B8D3C55622">Liu, Zhiwei</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C4E3018A4F1FF5C92EB7EA3B924F215A">Biological Sciences Department, Eastern Illinois University, Charleston, Illinois 61920, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="B88C7904689B50DED76E320873BE9D4A">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="2CC0E7FC7036D874BD35B4F7489794C2">2024</mods:date>
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<treatment id="D9536871C401FFE7FF57429CC179EB94" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12567426" ID-GBIF-Taxon="233850839" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12567426" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D9536871C401FFE7FF57429CC179EB94" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D9536871C401FFE7FF57429CC179EB94" lastPageNumber="167" pageId="3" pageNumber="163">
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<subSubSection id="19E08AECC401FFE7FF57429CC6CCEDF8" box="[151,755,690,717]" pageId="3" pageNumber="163" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="5145D967C401FFE7FF57429CC6CCEDF8" blockId="3.[151,755,690,753]" box="[151,755,690,717]" pageId="3" pageNumber="163">
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<heading id="0A0D6E0BC401FFE7FF57429CC6CCEDF8" bold="true" box="[151,755,690,717]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="163" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="638E0575C401FFE7FF57429CC6CCEDF8" bold="true" box="[151,755,690,717]" pageId="3" pageNumber="163">
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<taxonomicName id="96FAA2E4C401FFE7FF57429CC6B1EDF8" authority="Zeng, Liu, & Zhu" authorityName="Zeng, Liu, & Zhu" authorityYear="2024" box="[151,654,690,717]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wugangensis" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="638E0575C401FFE7FF57429CC596EDF8" bold="true" box="[151,425,690,717]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="163">Andricus wugangensis</emphasis>
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Zeng, Liu, & Zhu
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="78BDB80EC401FFE7FD55429DC6CCEDF8" box="[661,755,691,717]" pageId="3" pageNumber="163" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="19E08AECC401FFE7FF5742F9C51FEDC4" box="[151,288,727,753]" pageId="3" pageNumber="163" type="description">
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<paragraph id="5145D967C401FFE7FF5742F9C51FEDC4" blockId="3.[151,755,690,753]" box="[151,288,727,753]" pageId="3" pageNumber="163">
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(
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<figureCitation id="C9C1C5E2C401FFE7FF5F42F9C527EDC4" box="[159,280,727,753]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 1–6" captionStart-1="FIGURES 7–12" captionStartId-0="4.[152,270,1947,1971]" captionStartId-1="6.[152,270,1949,1973]" captionTargetBox-0="[162,1424,445,1913]" captionTargetBox-1="[163,1423,321,1913]" captionTargetId-0="figure-324@4.[151,1436,433,1924]" captionTargetId-1="figure-63@6.[151,1436,309,1926]" captionTargetPageId-0="4" captionTargetPageId-1="6" captionText-0="FIGURES 1–6. Andricus wugangensis sp. ♀. 1 general habitus; 2 head in anterior view; 3 head in posterior view; 4 head in lateral view; 5 head in dorsal view; 6 antenna." captionText-1="FIGURES 7–12. Andricus wugangensis sp. ♀. 7 mesosoma in lateral view; 8 mesosoma in dorsal view; 9 propodeum in dorsal view; 10 metasoma in lateral view; 11 fore wing; 12 metasoma in posterior view." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12567424" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12567428" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/12567424/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/12567428/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="163">Figs. 1–12</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="19E08AECC401FFE7FF574331C065EC68" pageId="3" pageNumber="163" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="5145D967C401FFE7FF574331C065EC68" blockId="3.[151,1437,798,1185]" pageId="3" pageNumber="163">
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<materialsCitation id="E192D33AC401FFE7FF574331C5ADEC68" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4899942301" collectingDate="2022-04-18" collectingDateMax="2022-05-19" collectingDateMin="2022-04-18" collectorName="Yang Zeng" country="China" location="Wugang City" pageId="3" pageNumber="163" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Hunan" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="638E0575C401FFE7FF574331C534EC0C" bold="true" box="[151,267,799,825]" pageId="3" pageNumber="163">
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<typeStatus id="8E4167C5C401FFE7FF574331C539EC0C" box="[151,262,799,825]" pageId="3" pageNumber="163" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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||
.
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||
</emphasis>
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||
<specimenCount id="47FC12EEC401FFE7FED14331C50BEC0C" box="[273,308,799,825]" count="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="163" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
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,
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||
<emphasis id="638E0575C401FFE7FE814330C5B5EC0D" bold="true" box="[321,394,798,824]" pageId="3" pageNumber="163">
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<collectingCountry id="29ED99F7C401FFE7FE814330C5B5EC0D" box="[321,394,798,824]" name="China" pageId="3" pageNumber="163">China</collectingCountry>
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</emphasis>
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||
,
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||
<collectingRegion id="933E1785C401FFE7FE584331C5DAEC0C" box="[408,485,799,825]" country="China" name="Hunan" pageId="3" pageNumber="163">Hunan</collectingRegion>
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,
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||
<location id="54258FBCC401FFE7FE2F4331C6BBEC0C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D9536871C401FFE7FF57429CC179EB94:54258FBCC401FFE7FE2F4331C6BBEC0C" box="[495,644,799,825]" country="China" name="Wugang City" pageId="3" pageNumber="163" stateProvince="Hunan">Wugang City</location>
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,
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||
<date id="2544FFA7C401FFE7FD4F4331C735EC0C" box="[655,778,799,825]" pageId="3" pageNumber="163" value="2022-05-19">
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<collectingDate id="3500064FC401FFE7FD4F4331C735EC0C" box="[655,778,799,825]" pageId="3" pageNumber="163" value="2022-05-19">2022-V-19</collectingDate>
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</date>
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, reared from galls on leaves of
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<taxonomicName id="96FAA2E4C401FFE7FBA44331C0F8EC0C" box="[1124,1223,799,825]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="3" pageNumber="163" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fabrei">
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||
<emphasis id="638E0575C401FFE7FBA44331C0F8EC0C" box="[1124,1223,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="163">Q. fabrei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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collected on
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<date id="2544FFA7C401FFE7FA9B4331C4E5EC68" pageId="3" pageNumber="163" value="2022-04-18">
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||
<collectingDate id="3500064FC401FFE7FA9B4331C4E5EC68" pageId="3" pageNumber="163" value="2022-04-18">2022- IV-18</collectingDate>
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</date>
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, leg.
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<collectorName id="FC0FBCB1C401FFE7FED5436DC5ADEC68" box="[277,402,835,861]" pageId="3" pageNumber="163">Yang Zeng</collectorName>
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="E192D33AC401FFE7FE5E436DC069EC68" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4899942302" box="[414,1110,835,861]" collectingDate="2022-04-18" collectingDateMax="2022-05-19" collectingDateMin="2022-04-18" collectionCode="CSUFT" collectorName="Yang Zeng" country="China" location="Wugang City" pageId="3" pageNumber="163" specimenCount="7" specimenCount-female="7" stateProvince="Hunan" typeStatus="paratype">
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||
<emphasis id="638E0575C401FFE7FE5E436DC622EC68" bold="true" box="[414,541,835,861]" pageId="3" pageNumber="163">
|
||
<typeStatus id="8E4167C5C401FFE7FE5E436DC627EC68" box="[414,536,835,861]" pageId="3" pageNumber="163" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<specimenCount id="47FC12EEC401FFE7FDE4436DC662EC68" box="[548,605,835,861]" count="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="163" type="female">7♀♀</specimenCount>
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||
, same data as holotype, deposited in
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||
<collectionCode id="37EB41A2C401FFE7FC3D436DC069EC68" box="[1021,1110,835,861]" pageId="3" pageNumber="163">CSUFT</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="19E08AECC401FFE7FF074348C179EB94" pageId="3" pageNumber="163" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="5145D967C401FFE7FF074348C179EB94" blockId="3.[151,1437,798,1185]" pageId="3" pageNumber="163">
|
||
<emphasis id="638E0575C401FFE7FF074348C57DECB5" bold="true" box="[199,322,870,896]" pageId="3" pageNumber="163">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="96FAA2E4C401FFE7FE8D4349C63EECB5" authorityName="Zeng, Liu, & Zhu" authorityYear="2024" box="[333,513,871,897]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wugangensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="638E0575C401FFE7FE8D4349C63EECB5" box="[333,513,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="163">A. wugangensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
morphologically resembles
|
||
<taxonomicName id="96FAA2E4C401FFE7FC8C4349C7CDECB4" box="[844,1010,871,897]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wuhanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="638E0575C401FFE7FC8C4349C7CDECB4" box="[844,1010,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="163">A. wuhanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="96FAA2E4C401FFE7FBF14349C127ECB4" authorityName="Melika & Tang" authorityYear="2012" box="[1073,1304,871,897]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xishuangbannaus">
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||
<emphasis id="638E0575C401FFE7FBF14349C127ECB4" box="[1073,1304,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="163">A. xishuangbannaus</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
in that the head is smooth and alutaceous, with some white setae on the lower face, which is flat in lateral view, but can be distinguished from the latter two species by having 1) two distinct carinae each extending from the lower rim of the antennal sockets to the clypeus, and converging at the clypeus, hence forming a large “V” shape on the lower face (
|
||
<figureCitation id="C9C1C5E2C401FFE7FF5F43D9C4DBEB24" box="[159,228,1015,1041]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="4.[152,270,1947,1971]" captionTargetBox="[162,1424,445,1913]" captionTargetId="figure-324@4.[151,1436,433,1924]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Andricus wugangensis sp. ♀. 1 general habitus; 2 head in anterior view; 3 head in posterior view; 4 head in lateral view; 5 head in dorsal view; 6 antenna." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12567424" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12567424/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="163">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
); 2) Upper face with a broad transverse depression present between the upper inner margin of the eyes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="C9C1C5E2C401FFE7FAAF43D9C497EB00" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="4.[152,270,1947,1971]" captionTargetBox="[162,1424,445,1913]" captionTargetId="figure-324@4.[151,1436,433,1924]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Andricus wugangensis sp. ♀. 1 general habitus; 2 head in anterior view; 3 head in posterior view; 4 head in lateral view; 5 head in dorsal view; 6 antenna." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12567424" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12567424/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="163">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
). In addition, the mesopleuron of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="96FAA2E4C401FFE7FDF24435C6DAEB01" authorityName="Zeng, Liu, & Zhu" authorityYear="2024" box="[562,741,1051,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wugangensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="638E0575C401FFE7FDF24435C6DAEB01" box="[562,741,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="163">A. wugangensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is smooth with irregular wrinkles anteriorly. In contrast, the mesopleuron of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="96FAA2E4C401FFE7FE8C4411C5D2EB6C" box="[332,493,1087,1113]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wuhanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="638E0575C401FFE7FE8C4411C5D2EB6C" box="[332,493,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="163">A. wuhanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is covered with setae anteriorly and posteroventrally and that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="96FAA2E4C401FFE7FB7A4411C1A3EB6C" authorityName="Melika & Tang" authorityYear="2012" box="[1210,1436,1087,1113]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xishuangbannaus">
|
||
<emphasis id="638E0575C401FFE7FB7A4411C1A3EB6C" box="[1210,1436,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="163">A. xishuangbannaus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is covered with dense setae in the posteroventral quarter. Finally, delicate micro punctures are present on the metasomal tergites of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="96FAA2E4C401FFE7FE4E44A9C64EEB94" authorityName="Melika & Tang" authorityYear="2012" box="[398,625,1159,1185]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xishuangbannaus">
|
||
<emphasis id="638E0575C401FFE7FE4E44A9C64EEB94" box="[398,625,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="163">A. xishuangbannaus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, whereas these are absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="96FAA2E4C401FFE7FC7744A9C058EB95" authorityName="Zeng, Liu, & Zhu" authorityYear="2024" box="[951,1127,1159,1185]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wugangensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="638E0575C401FFE7FC7744A9C058EB95" box="[951,1127,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="163">A. wugangensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="96FAA2E4C401FFE7FB5D44A9C100EB94" box="[1181,1343,1159,1185]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wuhanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="638E0575C401FFE7FB5D44A9C100EB94" box="[1181,1343,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="163">A. wuhanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="19E08AECC407FFE1FF0740B8C53DE844" pageId="5" pageNumber="165" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="5145D967C407FFE1FF0740B8C62BEF84" blockId="5.[151,1437,150,2013]" box="[199,532,150,177]" pageId="5" pageNumber="165">
|
||
<emphasis id="638E0575C407FFE1FF0740B8C62BEF84" bold="true" box="[199,532,150,177]" pageId="5" pageNumber="165">Description. Sexual Female.</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5145D967C407FFE1FF074095C716EFE0" blockId="5.[151,1437,150,2013]" box="[199,809,187,213]" pageId="5" pageNumber="165">
|
||
<emphasis id="638E0575C407FFE1FF074095C51BEFE0" bold="true" box="[199,292,187,213]" pageId="5" pageNumber="165">Length.</emphasis>
|
||
Body length
|
||
<quantity id="96027482C407FFE1FE7B4095C62EEFE0" box="[443,529,187,213]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="5" pageNumber="165" unit="mm" value="2.2">2.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
(range
|
||
<quantity id="96027482C407FFE1FDA74095C6D6EFE0" box="[615,745,187,213]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" metricValueMax="2.3" metricValueMin="2.1" pageId="5" pageNumber="165" unit="mm" value="2.2" valueMax="2.3" valueMin="2.1">2.1–2.3mm</quantity>
|
||
, n=8)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5145D967C407FFE1FF0740F0C09EEE74" blockId="5.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="165">
|
||
<emphasis id="638E0575C407FFE1FF0740F0C534EFCD" bold="true" box="[199,267,222,248]" pageId="5" pageNumber="165">Color</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="C9C1C5E2C407FFE1FEDE40F1C55EEFCC" box="[286,353,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="4.[152,270,1947,1971]" captionTargetBox="[162,1424,445,1913]" captionTargetId="figure-324@4.[151,1436,433,1924]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Andricus wugangensis sp. ♀. 1 general habitus; 2 head in anterior view; 3 head in posterior view; 4 head in lateral view; 5 head in dorsal view; 6 antenna." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12567424" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12567424/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="165">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
). Head, mesosoma and metasoma uniformly deeply dark brown to black; clypeus brown, and mandibles yellow brown; scape, pedicel,
|
||
<collectionCode id="37EB41A2C407FFE1FD9E412CC650EE28" box="[606,623,258,285]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15707" name="Field Museum of Natural History, Botany Department" pageId="5" pageNumber="165" type="Herbarium">F</collectionCode>
|
||
1–
|
||
<collectionCode id="37EB41A2C407FFE1FD48412CC6A6EE28" box="[648,665,258,285]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15707" name="Field Museum of Natural History, Botany Department" pageId="5" pageNumber="165" type="Herbarium">F</collectionCode>
|
||
5 light yellow brown, subsequent flagellomeres becoming dark brown apically; tegula and legs uniformly yellow brown, ventral spine of hypopygium light brown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5145D967C407FFE1FF074165C5FDEC20" blockId="5.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="165">
|
||
<emphasis id="638E0575C407FFE1FF074165C538EE50" bold="true" box="[199,263,331,357]" pageId="5" pageNumber="165">Head</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="C9C1C5E2C407FFE1FED64165C5BBEE50" box="[278,388,330,357]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="4.[152,270,1947,1971]" captionTargetBox="[162,1424,445,1913]" captionTargetId="figure-324@4.[151,1436,433,1924]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Andricus wugangensis sp. ♀. 1 general habitus; 2 head in anterior view; 3 head in posterior view; 4 head in lateral view; 5 head in dorsal view; 6 antenna." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12567424" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12567424/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="165">Figs. 2–5</figureCitation>
|
||
). Smooth alutaceous, with some white setae on lower face; 1.9× as broad as long from above, 1.2× as broad as high, slightly narrower than mesosoma in anterior view. Inner margins of compound eyes almost parallel. POL 1.5 times as long as OOL; OOL 2.5 times as long as diameter of lateral ocellus and 1.5 times as long as LOL; ocelli ovate, equal in size. Gena delicately coriaceous to smooth, not broadened behind eye, malar space coriaceous, with dense white setae and irradiating striae, lower face coriaceous, with evenly dense white setae. Transfacial line slightly longer than the height of eye. Two distinct carinae, originating from lower rim of each antennal socket respectively, convergent ventrally and meeting right above clypeus, forming a distinct “
|
||
<collectionCode id="37EB41A2C407FFE1FAD3420DC115ED08" box="[1299,1322,547,573]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="5" pageNumber="165" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
|
||
” shape on lower face (
|
||
<figureCitation id="C9C1C5E2C407FFE1FEDE4269C55AED54" box="[286,357,583,609]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="4.[152,270,1947,1971]" captionTargetBox="[162,1424,445,1913]" captionTargetId="figure-324@4.[151,1436,433,1924]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Andricus wugangensis sp. ♀. 1 general habitus; 2 head in anterior view; 3 head in posterior view; 4 head in lateral view; 5 head in dorsal view; 6 antenna." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12567424" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12567424/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="165">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
). Clypeus coriaceous to smooth, rounded ventrally; epistomal sulucus and clypeo-pleurostomal line present. Upper face with a broad transverse depression spanning between upper inner margin of eyes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="C9C1C5E2C407FFE1FA894245C1B0EDB0" box="[1353,1423,619,645]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="4.[152,270,1947,1971]" captionTargetBox="[162,1424,445,1913]" captionTargetId="figure-324@4.[151,1436,433,1924]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Andricus wugangensis sp. ♀. 1 general habitus; 2 head in anterior view; 3 head in posterior view; 4 head in lateral view; 5 head in dorsal view; 6 antenna." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12567424" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12567424/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="165">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
). Frons smooth and glabrate; interocellar area alutaceous with sparse white setae. Vertex and occiput coriaceous, with weak rugae. Post occiput and postgena coriaceous, impressed around occipital foramen, with evenly scattered white setae; posterior tentorial pits large, obovate and deep; hypostomal carina emarginate, continuing into postgenal sulcus, not fused medially.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5145D967C407FFE1FF074330C655EC90" blockId="5.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="165">
|
||
<emphasis id="638E0575C407FFE1FF074330C511EC0D" bold="true" box="[199,302,798,824]" pageId="5" pageNumber="165">Antenna</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="C9C1C5E2C407FFE1FEFF4331C5BAEC0C" box="[319,389,799,825]" captionStart="FIGURES 1–6" captionStartId="4.[152,270,1947,1971]" captionTargetBox="[162,1424,445,1913]" captionTargetId="figure-324@4.[151,1436,433,1924]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1–6. Andricus wugangensis sp. ♀. 1 general habitus; 2 head in anterior view; 3 head in posterior view; 4 head in lateral view; 5 head in dorsal view; 6 antenna." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12567424" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12567424/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="165">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
). Antenna with 13 segments, slightly longer than mesosoma; pedicel 0.8 × as long as scape except for base.
|
||
<collectionCode id="37EB41A2C407FFE1FE8F436DC55DEC68" box="[335,354,835,861]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15707" name="Field Museum of Natural History, Botany Department" pageId="5" pageNumber="165" type="Herbarium">F</collectionCode>
|
||
1 1.2× as long as
|
||
<collectionCode id="37EB41A2C407FFE1FDE5436DC609EC68" box="[549,566,835,861]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15707" name="Field Museum of Natural History, Botany Department" pageId="5" pageNumber="165" type="Herbarium">F</collectionCode>
|
||
2, 2.4× as long as pedicel;
|
||
<collectionCode id="37EB41A2C407FFE1FCA1436DC74DEC68" box="[865,882,835,861]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15707" name="Field Museum of Natural History, Botany Department" pageId="5" pageNumber="165" type="Herbarium">F</collectionCode>
|
||
1–
|
||
<collectionCode id="37EB41A2C407FFE1FC4B436DC7A3EC68" box="[907,924,835,861]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15707" name="Field Museum of Natural History, Botany Department" pageId="5" pageNumber="165" type="Herbarium">F</collectionCode>
|
||
10 progressively shorter;
|
||
<collectionCode id="37EB41A2C407FFE1FB7A436DC0F4EC68" box="[1210,1227,835,861]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15707" name="Field Museum of Natural History, Botany Department" pageId="5" pageNumber="165" type="Herbarium">F</collectionCode>
|
||
11 2.4 × as long as
|
||
<collectionCode id="37EB41A2C407FFE1FF574349C496ECB4" box="[151,169,871,897]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15707" name="Field Museum of Natural History, Botany Department" pageId="5" pageNumber="165" type="Herbarium">F</collectionCode>
|
||
10, with blurry suture present; placoid sensilla present on
|
||
<collectionCode id="37EB41A2C407FFE1FCEB4349C703ECB4" box="[811,828,871,897]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15707" name="Field Museum of Natural History, Botany Department" pageId="5" pageNumber="165" type="Herbarium">F</collectionCode>
|
||
2–
|
||
<collectionCode id="37EB41A2C407FFE1FC9A4349C754ECB4" box="[858,875,871,897]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15707" name="Field Museum of Natural History, Botany Department" pageId="5" pageNumber="165" type="Herbarium">F</collectionCode>
|
||
11, absent on
|
||
<collectionCode id="37EB41A2C407FFE1FBC04349C02AECB4" box="[1024,1045,871,897]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15707" name="Field Museum of Natural History, Botany Department" pageId="5" pageNumber="165" type="Herbarium">F</collectionCode>
|
||
1. Relative lengths of flagellomeres 1–11: 14, 12, 11, 11, 10, 10, 9, 9, 8, 7, 17.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5145D967C407FFE1FF074381C03BEAF4" blockId="5.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="165">
|
||
<emphasis id="638E0575C407FFE1FF074381C57AECFC" bold="true" box="[199,325,943,969]" pageId="5" pageNumber="165">Mesosoma</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="C9C1C5E2C407FFE1FE964381C583ECFC" box="[342,444,943,969]" captionStart="FIGURES 7–12" captionStartId="6.[152,270,1949,1973]" captionTargetBox="[163,1423,321,1913]" captionTargetId="figure-63@6.[151,1436,309,1926]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 7–12. Andricus wugangensis sp. ♀. 7 mesosoma in lateral view; 8 mesosoma in dorsal view; 9 propodeum in dorsal view; 10 metasoma in lateral view; 11 fore wing; 12 metasoma in posterior view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12567428" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12567428/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="165">Figs.7–9</figureCitation>
|
||
). 1.1× as long as high. Pronotum coriaceous, laterally with distinctly transversal striate and dense white setae. Mesoscutum almost as long as width in dorsal view, smooth and shiny, finely coriarious, with sparse setae along notaulus; median mesoscutal lines hardly traceable; notauli complete, deeply impressed and distinct, nearly parallel in anterior 2/3 and convergent toward posterior end; parapsidal lines absent; a distinct and complete, medially strongly curved submedian depression present on each side of scutum (Figgs 7–8). Mesoscutellum overhung posteriorly, 2.0× as broad as high, coriarious, shining smooth ventrally, separated by a short median carina; scutellar foveae distinct, transversely ovate. Mesopleuron and speculum smooth, shining, without medial longitudinal strigae or setae, except for a small patch of setae on posteroventral corner of mesopleuron, and with a ventrally arched depression along entire lower part of mesopleuron; acetabular carina distinct; mesopleural triangle coriarious, with sparse setae. Axillula rough coriarious, covered with dense and short white setae; dorsal and lateral axillar area smooth, with few setae; subaxillular bar smooth and shining. Mesopleuron with numerous white setae; metapleural sulcus reaching mesopleuron in the upper 2/3 of mesopleuron height. Metanotal trough coriarious, covered with sparse short white setae. Median propodeal area alutaceous to smooth; lateral propodeal area covered with dense and short white setae; lateral propodeal carinae distinct but curved outwards in posterior half; median propodeal area rugose; ventral impressed rim of dorsellum roughly coriarious.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5145D967C407FFE1FF0745E5C5ABE940" blockId="5.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="165">
|
||
<emphasis id="638E0575C407FFE1FF0745E5C57CEAD0" bold="true" box="[199,323,1483,1509]" pageId="5" pageNumber="165">Metasoma</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="C9C1C5E2C407FFE1FE9245E5C5F2EAD0" box="[338,461,1483,1509]" captionStart="FIGURES 7–12" captionStartId="6.[152,270,1949,1973]" captionTargetBox="[163,1423,321,1913]" captionTargetId="figure-63@6.[151,1436,309,1926]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 7–12. Andricus wugangensis sp. ♀. 7 mesosoma in lateral view; 8 mesosoma in dorsal view; 9 propodeum in dorsal view; 10 metasoma in lateral view; 11 fore wing; 12 metasoma in posterior view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12567428" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12567428/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="165">Fig. 10, 12</figureCitation>
|
||
). 1.1× as long as high in lateral view; 2nd metasomal tergite occupying 3/5 of metasoma in lateral view, with a patch of setae anterolaterally; all subsequent tergites smooth and shiny, without setae or micro punctures; 2nd metasomal tergite 4.0 × as long as the 3
|
||
<superScript id="A68F742FC407FFE1FCE1463CC710E915" attach="left" box="[801,815,1554,1568]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="165">rd</superScript>
|
||
measured along dorsal line. Hypopygium with micro punctures, prominent part 4.2× as long as broad, projecting part of hypopygial spine tapered to apex in ventral view; subapical setae sparse.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5145D967C407FFE1FF074650C7DDE9D4" blockId="5.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="165">
|
||
<emphasis id="638E0575C407FFE1FF074650C507E9AD" bold="true" box="[199,312,1662,1688]" pageId="5" pageNumber="165">Forewing</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="C9C1C5E2C407FFE1FE894651C5A2E9AC" box="[329,413,1663,1689]" captionStart="FIGURES 7–12" captionStartId="6.[152,270,1949,1973]" captionTargetBox="[163,1423,321,1913]" captionTargetId="figure-63@6.[151,1436,309,1926]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 7–12. Andricus wugangensis sp. ♀. 7 mesosoma in lateral view; 8 mesosoma in dorsal view; 9 propodeum in dorsal view; 10 metasoma in lateral view; 11 fore wing; 12 metasoma in posterior view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12567428" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12567428/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="165">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
|
||
). Longer than body, hyaline, with pale brown veins, margin with cilia; radial cell 4.6× as long as wide; R1 and Rs nearly reaching wing margin, Rs nearly straight; areolet small, triangular, closed and distinct. Rs+M distinct at distal three-fourths, meeting basalis at its middle.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5145D967C407FFE1FF0746C5C5B7E830" blockId="5.[151,1437,150,2013]" box="[199,392,1771,1797]" pageId="5" pageNumber="165">
|
||
<emphasis id="638E0575C407FFE1FF0746C5C53BE830" bold="true" box="[199,260,1771,1797]" pageId="5" pageNumber="165">Male</emphasis>
|
||
. Unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5145D967C407FFE1FF074720C53DE844" blockId="5.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="5" pageNumber="165">
|
||
<emphasis id="638E0575C407FFE1FF074720C4C5E81D" bold="true" box="[199,250,1806,1832]" pageId="5" pageNumber="165">Gall</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="C9C1C5E2C407FFE1FECB4721C560E81C" box="[267,351,1807,1833]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="7.[152,255,1024,1048]" captionTargetBox="[182,1406,181,1000]" captionTargetId="figure-25@7.[182,1406,181,1000]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 13. Oak galls: sexual young galls of Andricus wugangensis on Quercus fabrei." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12567430" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12567430/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="165">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
|
||
). Single and pale green. Spherical galls form on the underside of leaves. Galls are monolocular, each measuring about
|
||
<quantity id="96027482C407FFE1FE52471DC5D0E878" box="[402,495,1843,1869]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="165" unit="mm" value="5.0" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="3.0">3–7 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter, with smooth surface and thin outer wall; larval chamber about
|
||
<quantity id="96027482C407FFE1FA80471DC1A2E878" box="[1344,1437,1843,1869]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="165" unit="mm" value="4.0" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="2.0">2–6 mm</quantity>
|
||
in height.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="19E08AECC407FFE2FF074754C64EEFE0" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="166" pageId="5" pageNumber="165" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="5145D967C407FFE2FF074754C64EEFE0" blockId="5.[151,1437,150,2013]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1437,151,285]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="166" pageId="5" pageNumber="165">
|
||
<emphasis id="638E0575C407FFE1FF074754C51EE8A1" bold="true" box="[199,289,1914,1940]" pageId="5" pageNumber="165">Biology</emphasis>
|
||
. Galls of the new species are only known from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="96FAA2E4C407FFE1FC894755C7CEE8A0" box="[841,1009,1915,1941]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="5" pageNumber="165" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fabrei">
|
||
<emphasis id="638E0575C407FFE1FC894755C7CEE8A0" box="[841,1009,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="165">Quercus fabrei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a common deciduous tree species in the mostly evergreen broadleaved forests of southern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="29ED99F7C407FFE1FD2F47B1C709E88C" box="[751,822,1951,1977]" name="China" pageId="5" pageNumber="165">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
. The gall appears in early May and matures later in the month. Adult wasps emerge from the galls from late May to early June. Although the male of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="96FAA2E4C407FFE1FB0F47EDC1BEE8E9" authorityName="Zeng, Liu, & Zhu" authorityYear="2024" box="[1231,1409,1987,2013]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="165" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wugangensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="638E0575C407FFE1FB0F47EDC1BEE8E9" box="[1231,1409,1987,2013]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="165">A. wugangensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is unknown, the timing of gall formation and adult emergence suggest that the galls are likely of the sexual generation. The asexual generation remains unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="19E08AECC404FFE2FF0740F0C6FAEFCC" box="[199,709,222,249]" pageId="6" pageNumber="166" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="5145D967C404FFE2FF0740F0C6FAEFCC" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,285]" box="[199,709,222,249]" pageId="6" pageNumber="166">
|
||
<emphasis id="638E0575C404FFE2FF0740F0C566EFCD" bold="true" box="[199,345,222,248]" pageId="6" pageNumber="166">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
. Wugang City,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="933E1785C404FFE2FDC840F1C6FEEFCC" box="[520,705,223,249]" country="China" name="Hunan" pageId="6" pageNumber="166">Hunan Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="19E08AECC404FFE2FF07412DC003EE28" box="[199,1084,259,285]" pageId="6" pageNumber="166" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="5145D967C404FFE2FF07412DC003EE28" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,285]" box="[199,1084,259,285]" pageId="6" pageNumber="166">
|
||
<emphasis id="638E0575C404FFE2FF07412DC577EE28" bold="true" box="[199,328,259,285]" pageId="6" pageNumber="166">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
. The specific epithet refers to the
|
||
<typeStatus id="8E4167C5C404FFE2FD06412DC6C9EE28" box="[710,758,259,285]" pageId="6" pageNumber="166">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality. Noun in apposition.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="058589EFC404FFE2FF5847B3C7F2E8EF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12567428" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12567428" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12567428/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="166" startId="6.[152,270,1949,1973]" targetBox="[163,1423,321,1913]" targetPageId="6" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="5145D967C404FFE2FF5847B3C7F2E8EF" blockId="6.[151,1436,1949,2010]" pageId="6" pageNumber="166">
|
||
<emphasis id="638E0575C404FFE2FF5847B3C572E880" bold="true" box="[152,333,1949,1973]" pageId="6" pageNumber="166">FIGURES 7–12.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="96FAA2E4C404FFE2FE9247B0C609E880" authorityName="Zeng, Liu, & Zhu" authorityYear="2024" box="[338,566,1950,1974]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="166" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wugangensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="638E0575C404FFE2FE9247B0C609E880" box="[338,566,1950,1974]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="166">Andricus wugangensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. ♀. 7 mesosoma in lateral view; 8 mesosoma in dorsal view; 9 propodeum in dorsal view; 10 metasoma in lateral view; 11 fore wing; 12 metasoma in posterior view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="058589EFC405FFE3FF58442EC020EB2D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12567430" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12567430" box="[152,1055,1024,1049]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12567430/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="167" startId="7.[152,255,1024,1048]" targetBox="[182,1406,181,1000]" targetPageId="7" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="5145D967C405FFE3FF58442EC020EB2D" blockId="7.[152,1055,1024,1049]" box="[152,1055,1024,1049]" pageId="7" pageNumber="167">
|
||
<emphasis id="638E0575C405FFE3FF58442EC51AEB2D" bold="true" box="[152,293,1024,1048]" pageId="7" pageNumber="167">FIGURE 13.</emphasis>
|
||
Oak galls: sexual young galls of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="96FAA2E4C405FFE3FDB7442EC763EB2D" authorityName="Zeng, Liu, & Zhu" authorityYear="2024" box="[631,860,1024,1048]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="167" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wugangensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="638E0575C405FFE3FDB7442EC763EB2D" box="[631,860,1024,1048]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="167">Andricus wugangensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="96FAA2E4C405FFE3FC42442FC026EB2D" box="[898,1049,1024,1048]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="7" pageNumber="167" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fabrei">
|
||
<emphasis id="638E0575C405FFE3FC42442FC026EB2D" box="[898,1049,1024,1048]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="167">Quercus fabrei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="19E08AECC405FFE3FF074444C5C6E925" pageId="7" pageNumber="167" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="5145D967C405FFE3FF074444C5C6E925" blockId="7.[151,1437,1130,1553]" pageId="7" pageNumber="167">
|
||
<emphasis id="638E0575C405FFE3FF074444C6C0EBB1" bold="true" box="[199,767,1130,1157]" pageId="7" pageNumber="167">DNA taxonomy and phylogenetic relationship.</emphasis>
|
||
The Bayesian phylogenetic reconstruction based on COI sequences resulted in a tree (
|
||
<figureCitation id="C9C1C5E2C405FFE3FE1B44A0C612EB9C" box="[475,557,1166,1193]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="8.[152,255,1834,1858]" captionTargetBox="[224,1381,689,1786]" captionTargetId="figure-254@8.[193,1394,669,1810]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 14. Phylogenetic tree of Andricus based on COI sequences resolved using with Maximum-likelihood tree inferred under the General Time Reversible models. The bootstrap consensus tree inferred from 1000 replicates is taken to represent the evolutionary history of the taxa analyzed. The percentage of replicate trees in which the associated taxa clustered together in the bootstrap test (1000 replicates) are shown next to the branches. Plagiotrochus australis are used to root the tree. Andricus flavus Pujade-Villar, Wang, Guo & Chen, 2014= Andricus mairei Kieffer,1906 (Pujade-Villar et al. 2020b)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12567436" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12567436/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="167">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
|
||
) with weakly supported basal relationships. However, several species clusters or species pairs were well supported, including I. (
|
||
<emphasis id="638E0575C405FFE3FD19449DC7D6EBF9" box="[729,1001,1202,1229]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="167">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="96FAA2E4C405FFE3FD19449DC77AEBF9" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1906" box="[729,837,1203,1229]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="167" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mairei">A. mairei</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="96FAA2E4C405FFE3FC91449DC7D6EBF9" authorityName="Liu & Pang" authorityYear="2022" box="[849,1001,1202,1229]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="167" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elodeoides">A. elodeoides</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
) (99% bootstrap value), together with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="96FAA2E4C405FFE3FF5744F9C554EBC4" authority=", II." authorityName="II." box="[151,363,1238,1265]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="167" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mukaigawae">
|
||
<emphasis id="638E0575C405FFE3FF5744F9C57BEBC5" box="[151,324,1238,1265]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="167">A. mukaigawae</emphasis>
|
||
, II.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
((
|
||
<emphasis id="638E0575C405FFE3FE4444F9C648EBC5" box="[388,631,1238,1265]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="167">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="96FAA2E4C405FFE3FE4444F9C655EBC5" authorityName="Melika & Tang" authorityYear="2012" box="[388,618,1238,1265]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="167" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xishuangbannaus">A. xishuangbannaus</taxonomicName>
|
||
),
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="96FAA2E4C405FFE3FD4744F9C709EBC5" authorityName="Zeng, Liu, & Zhu" authorityYear="2024" box="[647,822,1239,1265]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="167" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wugangensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="638E0575C405FFE3FD4744F9C709EBC5" box="[647,822,1239,1265]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="167">A. wugangensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="638E0575C405FFE3FC8444F9C7D3EBC5" box="[836,1004,1238,1265]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="167">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="96FAA2E4C405FFE3FC8444F9C7D8EBC5" box="[836,999,1238,1265]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="167" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wuhanensis">A. wuhanensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
)) (99%), III. ((
|
||
<taxonomicName id="96FAA2E4C405FFE3FB5544F9C145EBC4" authority="Mayr 1882" authorityName="Mayr" authorityYear="1882" box="[1173,1402,1239,1265]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="167" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mayri">
|
||
<emphasis id="638E0575C405FFE3FB5544F9C0CBEBC5" box="[1173,1268,1239,1265]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="167">A. mayri</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="356BA496C405FFE3FB3B44F9C145EBC4" author="Mayr, G." box="[1275,1402,1239,1265]" pageId="7" pageNumber="167" pagination="1 - 44" refId="ref8126" refString="Mayr, G. (1882) Die europaischen Arten der gallenbewohnenden Cynipiden. Jahresberichte der Communal-Oberrealschule im I. Bezirke, 21, 1 - 44." type="journal article" year="1882">Mayr 1882</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="96FAA2E4C405FFE3FA4444F9C581EA20" authority="Giraud 1859" authorityName="Giraud" authorityYear="1859" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="167" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grossulariae">
|
||
<emphasis id="638E0575C405FFE3FA4444F9C51BEA21" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="167">A. grossulariae</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="356BA496C405FFE3FEEC44D4C581EA20" author="Giraud, J. E." box="[300,446,1274,1301]" pageId="7" pageNumber="167" pagination="337 - 374" refId="ref7187" refString="Giraud, J. E. (1859) Signalements de quelques especes nouvelles de Cynipides et de leurs galles. Verhandlungen der K. K. Zoologischen-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 9, 337 - 374." type="journal article" year="1859">Giraud 1859</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="96FAA2E4C405FFE3FE1B44D5C6E0EA20" authority="Hartig 1843" authorityName="Hartig" authorityYear="1843" box="[475,735,1274,1301]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="167" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lucidus">
|
||
<emphasis id="638E0575C405FFE3FE1B44D5C673EA21" box="[475,588,1274,1301]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="167">A. lucidus</emphasis>
|
||
Hartig 1843
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="96FAA2E4C405FFE3FD2B44D5C03FEA20" authority="Kieffer 1901" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1901" box="[747,1024,1274,1301]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="167" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cecconii">
|
||
<emphasis id="638E0575C405FFE3FD2B44D5C757EA21" box="[747,872,1275,1301]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="167">A. cecconii</emphasis>
|
||
Kieffer 1901
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
)) (99%), IV. (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="96FAA2E4C405FFE3FB6344D5C1AAEA20" authority="Hartig 1856" authorityName="Hartig" authorityYear="1856" box="[1187,1429,1274,1301]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="167" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pictus">
|
||
<emphasis id="638E0575C405FFE3FB6344D5C139EA21" box="[1187,1286,1275,1301]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="167">A. pictus</emphasis>
|
||
Hartig 1856
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="96FAA2E4C405FFE3FF574531C5F7EA0C" authority="Bosc 1792" authorityName="Bosc" authorityYear="1792" box="[151,456,1311,1337]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="167" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quercustozer">
|
||
<emphasis id="638E0575C405FFE3FF574531C578EA0D" box="[151,327,1311,1337]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="167">A. quercustozer</emphasis>
|
||
Bosc 1792
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (98%), and
|
||
<collectionCode id="37EB41A2C405FFE3FD9E4531C64DEA0C" box="[606,626,1311,1337]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="7" pageNumber="167" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
|
||
. (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="96FAA2E4C405FFE3FD474531C7A1EA0C" authority="Hartig 1843" authorityName="Hartig" authorityYear="1843" box="[647,926,1310,1337]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="167" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coriarius">
|
||
<emphasis id="638E0575C405FFE3FD474531C731EA0D" box="[647,782,1311,1337]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="167">A. coriarius</emphasis>
|
||
Hartig 1843
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="96FAA2E4C405FFE3FC6C4531C0C1EA0C" authority="Hartig 1843" authorityName="Hartig" authorityYear="1843" box="[940,1278,1310,1337]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="167" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caputmedusae">
|
||
<emphasis id="638E0575C405FFE3FC6C4531C052EA0D" box="[940,1133,1310,1337]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="167">A. caputmedusae</emphasis>
|
||
Hartig 1843
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (100%). The five species from central
|
||
<collectingCountry id="29ED99F7C405FFE3FE7A456CC5C2EA69" box="[442,509,1346,1372]" name="China" pageId="7" pageNumber="167">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
and the more widely distributed Eastern Asian species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="96FAA2E4C405FFE3FBBB456DC115EA69" box="[1147,1322,1346,1373]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="167" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mukaigawae">
|
||
<emphasis id="638E0575C405FFE3FBBB456DC115EA69" box="[1147,1322,1346,1373]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="167">A. mukaigawae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
form two basal paraphyletic clades after
|
||
<taxonomicName id="96FAA2E4C405FFE3FE384549C6F9EAB5" baseAuthorityName="Ashmead" baseAuthorityYear="1881" box="[504,710,1382,1409]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="167" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quercusfoliatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="638E0575C405FFE3FE384549C6F9EAB5" box="[504,710,1382,1409]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="167">A. quercusfoliatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which is the most basal
|
||
<taxonomicName id="96FAA2E4C405FFE3FC2C4548C094EAB5" box="[1004,1195,1382,1408]" pageId="7" pageNumber="167">
|
||
<emphasis id="638E0575C405FFE3FC2C4548C06EEAB5" box="[1004,1105,1382,1408]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="167">Andricus</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="C9C1C5E2C405FFE3FB7C4548C12EEAB4" box="[1212,1297,1382,1409]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="8.[152,255,1834,1858]" captionTargetBox="[224,1381,689,1786]" captionTargetId="figure-254@8.[193,1394,669,1810]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 14. Phylogenetic tree of Andricus based on COI sequences resolved using with Maximum-likelihood tree inferred under the General Time Reversible models. The bootstrap consensus tree inferred from 1000 replicates is taken to represent the evolutionary history of the taxa analyzed. The percentage of replicate trees in which the associated taxa clustered together in the bootstrap test (1000 replicates) are shown next to the branches. Plagiotrochus australis are used to root the tree. Andricus flavus Pujade-Villar, Wang, Guo & Chen, 2014= Andricus mairei Kieffer,1906 (Pujade-Villar et al. 2020b)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12567436" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12567436/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="167">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
|
||
). According to relationships recovered in the COI tree,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="96FAA2E4C405FFE3FDB645A5C719EA91" authorityName="Zeng, Liu, & Zhu" authorityYear="2024" box="[630,806,1419,1445]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="167" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wugangensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="638E0575C405FFE3FDB645A5C719EA91" box="[630,806,1419,1445]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="167">A. wugangensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="96FAA2E4C405FFE3FC9D45A5C7C0EA91" box="[861,1023,1418,1445]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="167" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wuhanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="638E0575C405FFE3FC9D45A5C7C0EA91" box="[861,1023,1418,1445]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="167">A. wuhanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
form a sister species pair, which is a sister clade to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="96FAA2E4C405FFE3FEFA4581C62FEAFD" authorityName="Melika & Tang" authorityYear="2012" box="[314,528,1454,1481]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="167" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xishuangbanaus">
|
||
<emphasis id="638E0575C405FFE3FEFA4581C62FEAFD" box="[314,528,1454,1481]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="167">A. xishuangbanaus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The genetic distance of COI sequences among the five species in central
|
||
<collectingCountry id="29ED99F7C405FFE3FA994580C1A3EAFD" box="[1369,1436,1454,1480]" name="China" pageId="7" pageNumber="167">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
was the smallest between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="96FAA2E4C405FFE3FE7645FDC65BEAD9" authorityName="Zeng, Liu, & Zhu" authorityYear="2024" box="[438,612,1491,1517]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="167" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wugangensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="638E0575C405FFE3FE7645FDC65BEAD9" box="[438,612,1491,1517]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="167">A. wugangensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="96FAA2E4C405FFE3FD5845FDC745EAD9" authorityName="Melika & Tang" authorityYear="2012" box="[664,890,1490,1517]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="167" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xishuangbannaus">
|
||
<emphasis id="638E0575C405FFE3FD5845FDC745EAD9" box="[664,890,1490,1517]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="167">A. xishuangbannaus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="96FAA2E4C405FFE3FBD245FDC0FEEAD9" authorityName="Zeng, Liu, & Zhu" authorityYear="2024" box="[1042,1217,1491,1517]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="167" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wugangensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="638E0575C405FFE3FBD245FDC0FEEAD9" box="[1042,1217,1491,1517]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="167">A. wugangensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="96FAA2E4C405FFE3FB3545FDC1A9EAD9" box="[1269,1430,1490,1517]" class="Insecta" family="Cynipidae" genus="Andricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="167" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="wuhanensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="638E0575C405FFE3FB3545FDC1A9EAD9" box="[1269,1430,1490,1517]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="167">A. wuhanensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, at 3.0% and 4.3%, respectively.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |