206 lines
20 KiB
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206 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.95.98222" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7c68488c-4230-4910-ae88-f7dfa0144e60" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2607-95-245" ID-Pensoft-UUID="0D9F337BF04E53B9B70B560D98C3130B" ID-ZooBank="99C6279AFA044E868AC6ED33C9FD87B3" ModsDocID="1314-2607-95-245" checkinTime="1677278828671" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Khalaim, Andrey I., Ruiz-Cancino, Enrique & Coronado-Blanco, Juana Maria" docDate="2023" docId="9AB41F063CA15E39ACE143EDF42C12D9" docLanguage="en" docName="JourHymenoptRes 95: 245-260" docOrigin="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 95" docPubDate="2023-02-24" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.95.98222" docTitle="Peucobius Townes 1971" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" id="0D9F337BF04E53B9B70B560D98C3130B" lastPageNumber="245" masterDocId="0D9F337BF04E53B9B70B560D98C3130B" masterDocTitle="Taxonomy of the genus Peucobius Townes (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Sisyrostolinae)" masterLastPageNumber="260" masterPageNumber="245" pageNumber="245" updateTime="1677279440048" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Taxonomy of the genus Peucobius Townes (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Sisyrostolinae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Khalaim, Andrey I.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1802-2649</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Facultad de Ingenieria y Ciencias, Universidad Autonoma de Tamaulipas, Cd. Victoria, Tamaulipas, Mexico & Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Ruiz-Cancino, Enrique</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4305-6568</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Coronado-Blanco, Juana Maria</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8387-7734</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Journal of Hymenoptera Research</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2023-02-24</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>95</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>245</mods:start>
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<mods:end>260</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.95.98222</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.95.98222</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2607-95-245</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">99C6279AFA044E868AC6ED33C9FD87B3</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">0D9F337BF04E53B9B70B560D98C3130B</mods:identifier>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9AB41F063CA15E39ACE143EDF42C12D9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9AB41F063CA15E39ACE143EDF42C12D9" lastPageNumber="245" pageId="0" pageNumber="245">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="245" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="245">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName ID-CoL="6M7N" ID-ENA="2651467" LSID="9AB41F06-3CA1-5E39-ACE1-43EDF42C12D9" authority="Townes, 1971" authorityName="Townes" authorityYear="1971" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Peucobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peucobius" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="245" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Peucobius Townes, 1971</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="245" type="type species">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="245">Type species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="245">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Townes" authorityYear="1971" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Peucobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peucobius fulvus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="245" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fulvus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="245">Peucobius fulvus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Townes, 1971, by original designation.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="245" type="comparative diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="245">Comparative diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="245">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Townes" authorityYear="1971" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Peucobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peucobius" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="245" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="245">Peucobius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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can be distinguished from all other genera of
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<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="245" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Sisyrostolinae">Sisyrostolinae</taxonomicName>
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by the combination of the following characters: 1) fore wing without areolet, i.e. vein 3rs-m absent (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 18–20" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 18 - 20. Peucobius shimizui sp. nov., holotype female 18 wings 19 metasoma, dorsal view 20 ovipositor, lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.95.98222.figures18-20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/815339" pageId="0" pageNumber="245">18</figureCitation>
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) (areolet present in
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Cushman" authorityYear="1940" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Brachyscleroma" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Brachyscleroma" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="245" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="245">Brachyscleroma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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); 2) tarsal claws simple (pectinate in
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Sheng & Sun" authorityYear="2011" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Laxiareola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Laxiareola" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="245" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="245">Laxiareola</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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); 3) anterior transverse carina of propodeum present (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1–3" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 3. Peucobius fulvus, female (Canada, Ontario) (1) and P. piceus, female (USA, Colorado) (2, 3). 1, 2 habitus, lateral view 3 propodeum, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.95.98222.figures1-3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/815336" pageId="0" pageNumber="245">3</figureCitation>
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) (carina absent in
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Saussure" authorityYear="1890" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Melanodolius" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Melanodolius" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="245" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="245">Melanodolius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and some species of
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<taxonomicName genus="Erythodolius" lsidName="Erythodolius" pageId="0" pageNumber="245" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="245">Erythodolius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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); 4) clypeus unspecialized, evenly rounded in profile, without a transverse ridge, medial point or multiple or medial crenulations (Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 4–11" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 4 - 11. Peucobius bennetti sp. nov., holotype female 4 body, lateral view 5 head, front view 6 clypeus and mandibles, antero-ventral view 7 head and mesoscutum, dorsal view 8 mesosoma and base of metasoma, lateral view 9 fore wing 10 propodeum, dorsal view 11 apex of ovipositor, lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.95.98222.figures4-11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/815337" pageId="0" pageNumber="245">5</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 12–17" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figures 12 - 17. Peucobius shimizui sp. nov., holotype (11, 13 - 15) and paratype (12, 16) females 12 habitus, lateral view 13 antenna 14 head, dorsal view 15 head, front view 16 head and mesosoma, lateral view 17 propodeum, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.95.98222.figures12-17" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/815338" pageId="0" pageNumber="245">15</figureCitation>
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) (transverse ridge present in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Lygurus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lygurus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="245" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="245">Lygurus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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; medial point present in some species of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Seyrig" authorityYear="1932" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Erythrodolius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Erythrodolius" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="245" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="245">Erythrodolius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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; medial crenulations present in some species of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Seyrig" authorityYear="1932" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Erythrodolius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Erythrodolius" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="245" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="245">Erythrodolius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Seyrig" authorityYear="1932" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Icariomimus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Icariomimus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="245" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="245">Icariomimus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="245">
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Within
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<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="245" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Sisyrostolinae">Sisyrostolinae</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Townes" authorityYear="1971" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Peucobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peucobius" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="245" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="245">Peucobius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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has the smallest species with fore wing length 2.5-3.0 mm, while the genus with the next smallest species,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Lygurus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lygurus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="245" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="245">Lygurus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, has fore wing length 4.0-5.0 mm, and some other genera are much larger (e.g., 7.0-19.0 mm in
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Seyrig" authorityYear="1932" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Erythrodolius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Erythrodolius" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="245" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="245">Erythrodolius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and 17.0-30.0 mm in
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Saussure" authorityYear="1890" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Melanodolius" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Melanodolius" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="245" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="245">Melanodolius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="245" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="245">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="245">
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Small insects with fore wing length 2.5-3.0 mm. Head and mesosoma mostly finely granulate to subpolished, impunctate or partly with fine punctures. Head, in dorsal view, with gena strongly rounded posterior to eyes. Clypeus wide, 2.5-3.5 times as broad as long, lenticular, weakly convex, more or less flat medially, with a row of long fine setae on lower margin. Mouthparts short, unspecialized; maxillary and labial palp formula 5+4. Mandible bidentate, with teeth subequal by length or either upper or lower tooth somewhat longer than other. Malar space 0.8-1.0 times as long as basal mandibular width, with scabrous area between eye and mandibular base. Flagellum filiform, with 14-17 flagellomeres. Epomia absent. Notaulus short or absent. Scutellum with lateral longitudinal carinae very short. Sternaulus absent or as weak impression ventrolaterally in anterior part of mesopleuron. Epicnemial carina present. Posterior transverse carina of mesopleuron absent. Propodeum more or less fully carinate (as in Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1–3" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 3. Peucobius fulvus, female (Canada, Ontario) (1) and P. piceus, female (USA, Colorado) (2, 3). 1, 2 habitus, lateral view 3 propodeum, dorsal view." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.95.98222.figures1-3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/815336" pageId="0" pageNumber="245">3</figureCitation>
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), sometimes carinae partly obliterated. Fore wing as in Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 18–20" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 18 - 20. Peucobius shimizui sp. nov., holotype female 18 wings 19 metasoma, dorsal view 20 ovipositor, lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.95.98222.figures18-20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/815339" pageId="0" pageNumber="245">18</figureCitation>
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; areolet absent, pterostigma relatively large, vein 2m-cu with one large bulla. Hind wing with nervellus (cu1&cu-a) intercepted below centre. Legs slender; fore tibia with a tooth-like projection on distal outer side; tarsal claws not pectinate. First metasomal tergite 1.8-2.5 times as long as posteriorly broad, with large glymma at base. Second tergite transverse; thyridum (if discernible) very small, oval, at base of tergite 2. Laterotergites 2 and 3 not separated by crease. Ovipositor long and slender, weakly upcurved, slightly swollen before apex (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 4–11" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 4 - 11. Peucobius bennetti sp. nov., holotype female 4 body, lateral view 5 head, front view 6 clypeus and mandibles, antero-ventral view 7 head and mesoscutum, dorsal view 8 mesosoma and base of metasoma, lateral view 9 fore wing 10 propodeum, dorsal view 11 apex of ovipositor, lateral view." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.95.98222.figures4-11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/815337" pageId="0" pageNumber="245">11</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="245" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="245">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="245">
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In addition to two previously known Nearctic species of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Townes" authorityYear="1971" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Peucobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peucobius" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="245" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="245">Peucobius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, one species from Central Mexico and one from Japan are described. A distribution map (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 27. Distribution map of P. fulvus (red), P. bennetti sp. nov. (blue) and P. piceus (green) in North America." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.95.98222.figure27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/815341" pageId="0" pageNumber="245">27</figureCitation>
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) of three North American species and identification key to the four species of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Townes" authorityYear="1971" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Peucobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peucobius" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="245" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="245">Peucobius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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occurring in the world are given below. We also provide a key to a new species of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Townes" authorityYear="1971" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Peucobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peucobius" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="245" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="245">Peucobius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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discovered from the East Palaearctic region and two species of the morphologically similar genus
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Lygurus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lygurus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="245" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="245">Lygurus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="245">
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The new species from Mexico differs well from two other North American species,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="P. fulvus" pageId="0" pageNumber="245" rank="species" species="fulvus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="245">P. fulvus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="P. piceus" pageId="0" pageNumber="245" rank="species" species="piceus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="245">P. piceus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(see the key below).
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Townes" authorityYear="1971" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Peucobius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peucobius fulvus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="245" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fulvus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="245">Peucobius fulvus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="P. piceus" pageId="0" pageNumber="245" rank="species" species="piceus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="245">P. piceus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are known to us from their original descriptions (
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<bibRefCitation author="Townes, HK" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute" pageId="0" pageNumber="245" pagination="1 - 372" refId="B11" refString="Townes, HK, 1971. The genera of Ichneumonidae, Part 4. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 17: 1 - 372" title="The genera of Ichneumonidae, Part 4." volume="17" year="1971">Townes 1971</bibRefCitation>
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) and several specimens from USA and Canada. The length of mandibular teeth is found to work well for distinguishing these morphologically very similar species from each other, while the two features provided by
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<bibRefCitation author="Townes, HK" journalOrPublisher="Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute" pageId="0" pageNumber="245" pagination="1 - 372" refId="B11" refString="Townes, HK, 1971. The genera of Ichneumonidae, Part 4. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute 17: 1 - 372" title="The genera of Ichneumonidae, Part 4." volume="17" year="1971">Townes (1971)</bibRefCitation>
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, i.e. sculpture of mesoscutum and colouration of hind coxa, are less reliable and therefore must be used with caution.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |