267 lines
30 KiB
XML
267 lines
30 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="CD1D7E17A5514763676345B3FD1D9B78">Revision of the pentacrinid stalked crinoids of the genus Endoxocrinus (Echinodermata, Crinoidea), with a study of environmental control of characters and its consequences for taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="79146E639B48FBE2A0ECBD1A4587D074">David, Jerome</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="31C49FE5421361A73E4D2A47B3764193">Roux, Michel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="FA5D89587FFF6226B3203A84D2877C86">Messing, Charles G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="0C0847B29E7AED98167C9A93B1A909F8">Ameziane, Nadia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="1644A30DAC7C9B7A4E6341FBE2A41041">2006</mods:date>
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<treatment id="467B4160FFB7FB44FE9668075CBF0739" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6260999" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119346465" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6260999" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:467B4160FFB7FB44FE9668075CBF0739" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/467B4160FFB7FB44FE9668075CBF0739" lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
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<subSubSection id="86C8A3FDFFB7FB47FE9668075A520706" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="CE6DF076FFB7FB47FE9668075B92073A" blockId="37.[264,1002,563,625]" box="[264,1002,563,590]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
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<heading id="9525471AFFB7FB47FE9668075B92073A" bold="true" box="[264,1002,563,590]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="09D28BF5FFB7FB47FE9668075B92073A" authority="(Thomson, 1872b)" baseAuthorityName="Thomson" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[264,1002,563,590]" class="Crinoidea" family="Pentacrinitidae" genus="Endoxocrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isocrinida" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="maclearanus" subGenus="Diplocrinus">
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<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB7FB47FE9668075B92073A" bold="true" box="[264,1002,563,590]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
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<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB7FB47FE96680759CB0739" bold="true" box="[264,435,564,590]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Endoxocrinus</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB7FB47FE5A68075A2B0739" bold="true" box="[452,595,564,590]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Diplocrinus</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB7FB47FDFA68075B780739" bold="true" box="[612,768,564,590]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">maclearanus</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="AA438D87FFB7FB47FC8E68005B9A073A" author="Thomson" box="[784,994,563,589]" pageId="37" pageNumber="50" refString="Thomson C. W. (1872 b) On the crinoids of the " Porcupine " deep sea dredging expedition. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, 7, 764 - 773." type="journal article" year="1872" yearSuffix="b">Thomson, 1872b</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CE6DF076FFB7FB47FE9668645A520706" blockId="37.[264,1002,563,625]" box="[264,554,599,625]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
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<figureCitation id="56E9ECF3FFB7FB47FE966864590F0706" box="[264,375,599,625]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="10.[264,368,1593,1617]" captionTargetBox="[387,1209,285,1569]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[375,1221,282,1582]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 4. The four phenotypes of diplocrinine crinoids in their environment off the Bahamas. (a): population of the minimus phenotype on the flank of a lithoherm (photo courtesy A. C. Neumann, Univ. North Carolina, taken from DSV Alvin), (b): one specimen of the prionodes phenotype between blocks at the Deep site, (c): a population of the parrae phenotype accompanied by a few Neocrinus decorus on the upcurrent slope of a large mound at the Middle Site, (d): one specimen of the parrae phenotype on a hardground slope at the Middle Site, (e): a population of the carolinae phenotype clinging to the overhanging edge of a block at the Deep Site, (f): three specimens of the phenotype carolinae attached to the side of a block at the Deep Site (photos bf taken from Johnson Sea Link by C. G. Messing)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/172269/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Figures 4</figureCitation>
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a, 5d, 19d, 20c.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="86C8A3FDFFB7FB47FE9668955CF2004E" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="description">
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<paragraph id="CE6DF076FFB7FB47FE9668955CB3062A" blockId="37.[264,1323,678,862]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
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Synonymy:
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<taxonomicName id="09D28BF5FFB7FB47FE1268945BE807CA" authority="Thomson, 1872: 123" authorityName="Thomson" authorityPageNumber="123" authorityYear="1872" box="[396,912,678,702]" class="Crinoidea" family="Pentacrinitidae" genus="Pentacrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isocrinida" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="maclearanus">
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<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB7FB47FE1268945AD907C9" box="[396,673,679,702]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Pentacrinus maclearanus</emphasis>
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Thomson, 1872: 123
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<taxonomicName id="09D28BF5FFB7FB47FC00689459DE07AA" authority="Carpenter, 1884: 312" authorityName="Carpenter" authorityPageNumber="312" authorityYear="1884" class="Crinoidea" family="Pentacrinitidae" genus="Pentacrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isocrinida" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="maclearanus">
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<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB7FB47FC0068945CCB07C9" box="[926,1203,679,702]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Pentacrinus maclearanus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="AA438D87FFB7FB47FB226895590907AA" author="Carpenter" pageId="37" pageNumber="46" refString="Carpenter P. H. (1884) Report upon the crinoidea collected during the voyage of H. M. S. " Challenger " during the years 1873 - 1876, Part I, General morphology, with description of the stalked crinoids, 11, 1 - 442." type="journal article" year="1884">Carpenter, 1884</bibRefCitation>
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: 312
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<taxonomicName id="09D28BF5FFB7FB47FE2C68F45B4F07AA" authority="Carpenter, 1884" authorityName="Carpenter" authorityYear="1884" box="[434,823,710,734]" class="Crinoidea" family="Pentacrinitidae" genus="Pentacrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isocrinida" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="mulleri">
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<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB7FB47FE2C68F45AFE07A9" box="[434,646,711,734]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Pentacrinus mülleri</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="AA438D87FFB7FB47FD1268F55B4F07AA" author="Carpenter" box="[652,823,710,733]" pageId="37" pageNumber="46" refString="Carpenter P. H. (1884) Report upon the crinoidea collected during the voyage of H. M. S. " Challenger " during the years 1873 - 1876, Part I, General morphology, with description of the stalked crinoids, 11, 1 - 442." type="journal article" year="1884">Carpenter, 1884</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(pars): 311;
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<taxonomicName id="09D28BF5FFB7FB47FC2168F459DA078A" authority="Doderlein, 1907: 19" authorityName="Doderlein" authorityPageNumber="19" authorityYear="1907" class="Crinoidea" family="Isocrinidae" genus="Isocrinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isocrinida" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="maclearanus">
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<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB7FB47FC2168F45CCB07A9" box="[959,1203,711,734]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Isocrinus maclearanus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="AA438D87FFB7FB47FB2768F55909078A" author="Doderlein" pageId="37" pageNumber="47" refString="Doderlein L. (1907) Die gestielten Crinoiden der Siboga-Expedition: Siboga expeditie. Uitkomsten op zoologish, botanish, oceanographish Oost-Indie (1899 - 1900), Leiden, 42 a, 1 - 54." type="book chapter" year="1907">Döderlein, 1907</bibRefCitation>
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: 19
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<taxonomicName id="09D28BF5FFB7FB47FE2768D45C15078A" authority="Doderlein, 1912: 20" authorityName="Doderlein" authorityPageNumber="20" authorityYear="1912" box="[441,1133,742,766]" class="Crinoidea" family="Isselicrinidae" genus="Cenocrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isocrinida" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="maclearanus" subGenus="Diplocrinus">
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<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB7FB47FE2768D45A4C0789" box="[441,564,743,766]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Cenocrinus</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB7FB47FDD368D45AB40789" box="[589,716,743,766]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Diplocrinus</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB7FB47FD7868D45B080789" box="[742,880,743,766]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">maclearanus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="AA438D87FFB7FB47FC1E68D55C44078A" author="Doderlein" box="[896,1084,742,765]" pageId="37" pageNumber="47" refString="Doderlein L. (1912) Die gestielten Crinoiden der deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition. Wissenschaftl. E rgebnisse deutsche Tiefsee-Expedition auf dem Dampfer " Valvidia " (1898 - 1899), Gustav Fisher (Ed.) Jena, 17, 1, 1 - 34." type="journal article" year="1912">Döderlein, 1912</bibRefCitation>
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: 20
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</taxonomicName>
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–21;
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<taxonomicName id="09D28BF5FFB7FB47FB3568D45ACD066A" authority="A.H. Clark, 1923: 11" authorityName="A.H. Clark" authorityPageNumber="11" authorityYear="1923" class="Crinoidea" family="Isocrinidae" genus="Diplocrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isocrinida" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="maclearanus">
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<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB7FB47FB3568D459BA0669" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Diplocrinus maclearanus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="AA438D87FFB7FB47FE5569355AF4066A" author="Clark" box="[459,652,774,797]" pageId="37" pageNumber="46" refString="Clark A. H. (1923) A revision of the recent representatives of the crinoid family Pentacrinidae, with the diagnoses of two new genera. Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences, 13, 1, 8 - 12." type="journal article" year="1923">A.H. Clark, 1923</bibRefCitation>
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: 11
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<taxonomicName id="09D28BF5FFB7FB47FD5D69345D5E066A" authority="Roux, 1977: 64" authorityName="Roux" authorityPageNumber="64" authorityYear="1977" box="[707,1318,774,798]" class="Crinoidea" family="Isocrinidae" genus="Diplocrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isocrinida" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="maclearanus" subGenus="Diplocrinus">
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<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB7FB47FD5D69345B3A0669" box="[707,834,775,798]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Diplocrinus</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB7FB47FCCA69345BAB0669" box="[852,979,775,798]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Diplocrinus</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB7FB47FC7869345C080669" box="[998,1136,775,798]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">maclearanus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="AA438D87FFB7FB47FBE769355C84066A" author="Roux" box="[1145,1276,774,797]" pageId="37" pageNumber="49" refString="Roux M. (1977) The stalk-joints of recent Isocrinidae (Crinoidea). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Zoology, 32, 3, 45 - 64." type="journal article" year="1977">Roux, 1977</bibRefCitation>
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: 64
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<taxonomicName id="09D28BF5FFB7FB47FEA669145B8A064A" authority="Rasmussen & Sievertz-Doreck, 1978" authorityName="Rasmussen & Sievertz-Doreck" authorityYear="1978" box="[312,1010,806,830]" class="Crinoidea" family="Pentacrinitidae" genus="Endoxocrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isocrinida" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="maclearanus">
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<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB7FB47FEA669145A240649" box="[312,604,807,830]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Endoxocrinus maclearanus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="AA438D87FFB7FB47FDFD69155B8A064A" author="Rasmussen" box="[611,1010,806,829]" pageId="37" pageNumber="49" refString="Rasmussen H. W. & Sieverts-Doreck H. (1978) Articulata, Classification. In: Moore, R. C. & Teichert, C., Treatise on invertebrate palaeontology, Part T, Echinodermata 2, Geological Society of America (Ed.), Boulder, Colorado and Univiversity of Kansas, Lawrence, T 813 - 928." type="journal article" year="1978">Rasmussen & SievertzDoreck, 1978</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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: T857;
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<taxonomicName id="09D28BF5FFB7FB47FBDC69145AAD062A" authority="David, 1998: 203" authorityName="David" authorityPageNumber="203" authorityYear="1998" class="Crinoidea" family="Pentacrinitidae" genus="Endoxocrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isocrinida" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="maclearanus" subGenus="Diplocrinus">
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<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB7FB47FBDC69145CAE0649" box="[1090,1238,807,830]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Endoxocrinus</emphasis>
|
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(
|
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<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB7FB47FB7B691459020629" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Diplocrinus</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB7FB47FE1469745A6C0629" box="[394,532,839,862]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">maclearanus</emphasis>
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David, 1998: 203
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</taxonomicName>
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(unpublished data) and
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<bibRefCitation id="AA438D87FFB7FB47FC4869755CEA062A" author="Roux" box="[982,1170,838,861]" pageId="37" pageNumber="49" refString="Roux M., Messing C. G. & Ameziane N. (2002) Artificial keys to the genera of living stalked crinoids (Echinodermata). Bulletin of Marine Science, 70, 3, 799 - 830." type="journal article" year="2002">Roux et al., 2002</bibRefCitation>
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: 820.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CE6DF076FFB7FB47FE9669BC599506DF" blockId="37.[264,1324,911,1337]" box="[264,493,911,936]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
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<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB7FB47FE9669BC599506DF" box="[264,493,911,936]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Emended diagnosis</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CE6DF076FFB7FB47FEA669845CF2004E" blockId="37.[264,1324,911,1337]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
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A species of the subgenus
|
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<taxonomicName id="09D28BF5FFB7FB47FD1E69845B7406A7" box="[640,780,951,976]" class="Crinoidea" family="Isocrinidae" genus="Diplocrinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isocrinida" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB7FB47FD1E69845B7406A7" box="[640,780,951,976]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Diplocrinus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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with 14–30 smooth arms up to
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<quantity id="092A5D93FFB7FB47FB0669845C9C06A6" box="[1176,1252,951,977]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" unit="cm" value="10.0">10 cm</quantity>
|
||
long; brachials relatively low; proximal synostoses at Br1+2 relatively flat with syzygial stereom irregularly developed and with axial lumen rectangular; number of internodals per mature noditaxis usually 6–14 (mode in local populations 8–12); stalk shorter than arms, <
|
||
<quantity id="092A5D93FFB7FB47FE876E6459200106" box="[281,344,1111,1137]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" unit="cm" value="9.0">9 cm</quantity>
|
||
long (mean
|
||
<quantity id="092A5D93FFB7FB47FE656E645A2C0106" box="[507,596,1111,1137]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" unit="cm" value="3.8">3.8 cm</quantity>
|
||
), and pentalobate to pentagonal in cross section; columnal thickness and width strongly irregular; proximalmost stalk diameter up to
|
||
<quantity id="092A5D93FFB7FB47FB5C6E4C5D5F01EE" box="[1218,1319,1151,1177]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.1" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" unit="mm" value="5.1">5.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
; frequent strong symmorphy in symplexies; cirri usually 5 per whorl, sometimes 1–4, oriented upward; cryptosymplexies with undulating symmorphic surface, synostosial stereom predominating on interpetaloid zones, and axial canal filled with short thick spicules clearly separated from perilumen; secondary lumen small or absent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="86C8A3FDFFB7FB47FE966F5C5BAA0236" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="CE6DF076FFB7FB47FE966F5C59E600FF" blockId="37.[264,1322,1391,1537]" box="[264,414,1391,1416]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB7FB47FE966F5C59E600FF" box="[264,414,1391,1416]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<typeStatus id="11694ED4FFB7FB47FE966F5C594700FF" box="[264,319,1391,1416]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CE6DF076FFB7FB47FEA66FA45B3600C6" blockId="37.[264,1322,1391,1537]" box="[312,846,1431,1457]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||
Off
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B6C5B0E6FFB7FB47FEF96FA459D700C6" box="[359,431,1431,1457]" name="Brazil" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Pernambuco) at a depth of
|
||
<specimenCount id="D8D43BFFFFB7FB47FD626FA45B3600C6" box="[764,846,1431,1457]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="generic">
|
||
<quantity id="092A5D93FFB7FB47FD626FA45B3200C6" box="[764,842,1431,1457]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.4" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" unit="m" value="640.0">640 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CE6DF076FFB7FB47FEA66F8C5BC70376" blockId="37.[264,1322,1391,1537]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<typeStatus id="11694ED4FFB7FB47FEA66F8C59D200AE" box="[312,426,1471,1497]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
: Catalogue no.
|
||
<date id="BA6CD6B6FFB7FB47FDFB6F8C5AC700AE" box="[613,703,1471,1497]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" value="21-03-30">3.30.21</date>
|
||
, Natural History Museum, London; first figured by Thomson 1872, reprinted by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AA438D87FFB7FB47FDC36FD45B6D0376" author="Carpenter" box="[605,789,1511,1537]" pageId="37" pageNumber="46" refString="Carpenter P. H. (1884) Report upon the crinoidea collected during the voyage of H. M. S. " Challenger " during the years 1873 - 1876, Part I, General morphology, with description of the stalked crinoids, 11, 1 - 442." type="journal article" year="1884">Carpenter 1884</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Pl. 16,
|
||
<figureCitation id="56E9ECF3FFB7FB47FCEA6FD45BC20376" box="[884,954,1511,1537]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[264,368,1422,1446]" captionTargetBox="[289,1307,538,1383]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[272,1315,529,1395]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Morphology of diplocrinine crinoids. General external morphology (a), and proximal portion of the stalk and crown showing isotomy (b) or endotomy (c) of arm branching. Facet of the symplexial articulation between columnals (d), and detailed portion of the heteromorphic stalk (e)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/172266/files/figure.png" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CE6DF076FFB7FB47FE966C0459FE0327" blockId="37.[264,1322,1591,1857]" box="[264,390,1591,1616]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB7FB47FE966C0459FE0327" box="[264,390,1591,1616]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Occurence</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CE6DF076FFB7FB47FEA66C6C5BAA0236" blockId="37.[264,1322,1591,1857]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
|
||
Western tropical Atlantic from the Blake Plateau to eastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B6C5B0E6FFB7FB47FC616C6C5C3F030E" box="[1023,1095,1631,1657]" name="Brazil" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Barra Grande), at depths from
|
||
<quantity id="092A5D93FFB7FB47FE3F6CB4599603D6" box="[417,494,1671,1697]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.32" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" unit="m" value="432.0">432 m</quantity>
|
||
to
|
||
<quantity id="092A5D93FFB7FB47FD866CB45A1003D6" box="[536,616,1671,1697]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.78" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" unit="m" value="878.0">878 m</quantity>
|
||
; Blake Plateau (depth
|
||
<quantity id="092A5D93FFB7FB47FCE46CB45C7C03D6" box="[890,1028,1671,1697]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.565" metricValueMax="8.78" metricValueMin="6.35" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" unit="m" value="756.5" valueMax="878.0" valueMin="635.0">635–878 m</quantity>
|
||
), northwestern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B6C5B0E6FFB7FB47FB206CB45D5103D6" box="[1214,1321,1671,1697]" name="Bahamas" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Bahamas</collectingCountry>
|
||
(depth
|
||
<quantity id="092A5D93FFB7FB47FEC46C9C599A03BE" box="[346,482,1711,1737]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.584999999999999" metricValueMax="8.05" metricValueMin="5.12" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" unit="m" value="658.5" valueMax="805.0" valueMin="512.0">512–805 m</quantity>
|
||
), northeastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B6C5B0E6FFB7FB47FD116C9C5B6203BE" box="[655,794,1711,1737]" name="Puerto Rico" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">Puerto Rico</collectingCountry>
|
||
and Lesser Antilles (depth
|
||
<quantity id="092A5D93FFB7FB47FBC36C9C5C9E03BE" box="[1117,1254,1711,1737]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.54" metricValueMax="4.76" metricValueMin="4.32" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" unit="m" value="454.0" valueMax="476.0" valueMin="432.0">432–476 m</quantity>
|
||
). The wider depth range (
|
||
<quantity id="092A5D93FFB7FB47FE736CE45A0F0386" box="[493,631,1751,1777]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9549999999999996" metricValueMax="6.04" metricValueMin="1.8699999999999999" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" unit="m" value="395.5" valueMax="604.0" valueMin="187.0">187–604 m</quantity>
|
||
, possible
|
||
<quantity id="092A5D93FFB7FB47FD756CE45B0A0386" box="[747,882,1751,1777]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.32" metricValueMax="9.1" metricValueMin="1.54" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" unit="m" value="532.0" valueMax="910.0" valueMin="154.0">154–910 m</quantity>
|
||
) given by Meyer et al. (1978) results from the inclusion of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09D28BF5FFB7FB47FD936CCC5ABF026F" box="[525,711,1791,1816]" class="Crinoidea" family="Pentacrinitidae" genus="Endoxocrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isocrinida" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="carolinae" subGenus="Endoxocrinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB7FB47FD936CCC5A5E026F" box="[525,550,1791,1816]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">E.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB7FB47FDB16D325A3E026F" box="[559,582,1793,1816]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">E.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB7FB47FDC66CCC5ABF026F" box="[600,711,1791,1816]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">carolinae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
into
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09D28BF5FFB7FB47FC986CCC5BBB026F" box="[774,963,1791,1816]" class="Crinoidea" family="Pentacrinitidae" genus="Endoxocrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isocrinida" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="maclearanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB7FB47FC986CCC5BBB026F" box="[774,963,1791,1816]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">D. maclearanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and the erroneous attribution of a few
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09D28BF5FFB7FB47FEF16D1459980237" box="[367,480,1831,1856]" class="Crinoidea" family="Pentacrinitidae" genus="Endoxocrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isocrinida" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="parrae">
|
||
<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB7FB47FEF16D1459980237" box="[367,480,1831,1856]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">E. parrae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens to this species (Tomassi 1969).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="86C8A3FDFFB4FB44FE966B2F5CBF0739" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="CE6DF076FFB4FB44FE966B2F59160442" blockId="38.[264,1323,284,590]" box="[264,366,284,309]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB4FB44FE966B2F59160442" box="[264,366,284,309]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="CE6DF076FFB4FB44FEA66B775CBF0739" blockId="38.[264,1323,284,590]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
|
||
The
|
||
<typeStatus id="11694ED4FFB4FB44FEF06B7759AF0429" box="[366,471,324,350]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, dredged by the Challenger off the eastern end of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="B6C5B0E6FFB4FB44FBB66B775C080429" box="[1064,1136,324,350]" name="Brazil" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Barra Grande) at a depth of
|
||
<quantity id="092A5D93FFB4FB44FE3A6B5F598A04F1" box="[420,498,364,390]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.4" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="m" value="640.0">640 m</quantity>
|
||
, has the greatest number of arms (30); other specimens with a similar proximalmost stalk diameter have up to 27 arms. David (1998) distinguished specimens other than the
|
||
<typeStatus id="11694ED4FFB4FB44FE316B8F5A6E04A1" box="[431,534,444,470]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09D28BF5FFB4FB44FDA26B8F5B5204A2" box="[572,810,444,470]" class="Crinoidea" family="Pentacrinitidae" genus="Endoxocrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isocrinida" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="maclearanus" subGenus="Diplocrinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB4FB44FDA26B8F5A2D04A2" box="[572,597,444,469]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">E.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB4FB44FDF86B8F5AFB04A2" box="[614,643,444,469]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">D.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB4FB44FD0D6B8F5B5204A2" box="[659,810,444,469]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">maclearanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
variety
|
||
<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB4FB44FC146B8F5B9504A2" box="[906,1005,444,469]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">minimus</emphasis>
|
||
. As argued above, we treat this phenotype as a dwarf infrasubspecific variant characteristic of populations such as those of the Bahamian lithoherms. Currently, statistical analyses cannot distinguish two phenotypes or subspecies of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="09D28BF5FFB4FB44FDC768075B30073A" box="[601,840,564,590]" class="Crinoidea" family="Pentacrinitidae" genus="Endoxocrinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Isocrinida" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="maclearanus" subGenus="Diplocrinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB4FB44FDC768075A0A073A" box="[601,626,564,589]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">E.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB4FB44FD1D68075AD8073A" box="[643,672,564,589]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">D.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="FCA62C64FFB4FB44FD2F68075B30073A" box="[689,840,564,589]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">maclearanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
using characters other than size.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |