222 lines
27 KiB
XML
222 lines
27 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="8C0FF5607F589919CC37614E9D430611">First record of fossil psocodeans in copula from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="B72CAC9941C7D25002C4544263CDC9F6">Hakim, Marina</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="015373153D447200C798743CB705A42B">State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="6976D4843D010EB023268304C45F31F6">Azar, Dany</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="A3EC922FF2B5F022E10B74862BC3F384">State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China & Lebanese University, Faculty of Science II, Natural Sciences Department, Fanar - El-Matn, PO box 26110217, Lebanon</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="6F9EE0CFA5907B75FEC3F34A4D6078FF">Huang, Di-Ying</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="08FB3662464C3EE76FC65837418FCD1A">State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="A343C4D7BD99708E0EC1DC69D0D7899A">2023</mods:date>
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<paragraph id="8BC0FB4ED23DFFAA1CC0FF1267A49E9B" blockId="2.[151,704,151,208]" box="[151,704,151,178]" pageId="2" pageNumber="76">
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<heading id="D0884C22D23DFFAA1CC0FF1267A49E9B" bold="true" box="[151,704,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="76" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B90B275CD23DFFAA1CC0FF1267A49E9B" bold="true" box="[151,704,151,178]" pageId="2" pageNumber="76">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C7F80CDD23DFFAA1CB9FF1267A49E9B" ID-CoL="8NJ2W" authority="Li, Wang & Yao, 2020" authorityName="Li, Wang & Yao" authorityYear="2020" box="[238,704,151,178]" class="Insecta" family="Empheriidae" genus="Burmempheria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90B275CD23DFFAA1CB9FF1264C29E98" bold="true" box="[238,422,151,178]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="76">Burmempheria</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEE86BFD23DFFAA1DF9FF1267A49E9B" author="Li, S. & Wang, Q. Z. & Ren, D. & Yao, Y. Z." box="[430,704,151,177]" pageId="2" pageNumber="76" pagination="104421" refId="ref9556" refString="Li, S., Wang, Q. Z., Ren, D. & Yao, Y. Z. (2020) New genus and species of Empheriidae (Psocodea: Trogiomorpha) from mid-Cretaceous amber of northern Myanmar. Cretaceous Research, 110, 104421. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. cretres. 2020.104421" type="journal article" year="2020">Li, Wang & Yao, 2020</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="8BC0FB4ED23DFFAA1CC0FF3D674C9EFA" blockId="2.[151,704,151,208]" box="[151,552,184,208]" pageId="2" pageNumber="76">
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(=
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<taxonomicName id="4C7F80CDD23DFFAA1CE3FF3D67459EFA" authority="Li, Wang & Yao, 2022" authorityName="Li, Wang & Yao" authorityYear="2022" box="[180,545,184,208]" class="Insecta" family="Empheriidae" genus="Latempheria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90B275CD23DFFAA1CE3FF3D64519EFA" box="[180,309,184,208]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="76">Latempheria</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEE86BFD23DFFAA1D6BFF3D67459EFA" author="Li, S. & Yoshizawa, K. & Wang, Q. Z. & Ren, D. & Bai, M. & Yao, Y. Z." box="[316,545,184,208]" pageId="2" pageNumber="76" pagination="907903" refId="ref9621" refString="Li, S., Yoshizawa, K., Wang, Q. Z., Ren, D., Bai, M. & Yao, Y. Z. (2022) New genus and species of Empheriidae (Insecta: Psocodea: Trogiomorpha) and their implication for the phylogeny of infraorder Atropetae. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, 10, 907903. https: // doi. org / 10.3389 / fevo. 2022.907903" type="journal article" year="2022">Li, Wang & Yao, 2022</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
)
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C365A8C5D23DFFAA1CC0FF7B66EA9F32" box="[151,910,253,280]" pageId="2" pageNumber="76" type="type_taxon">
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<paragraph id="8BC0FB4ED23DFFAA1CC0FF7B66EA9F32" blockId="2.[151,1437,253,1108]" box="[151,910,253,280]" pageId="2" pageNumber="76">
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<emphasis id="B90B275CD23DFFAA1CC0FF7B64569F3D" bold="true" box="[151,306,253,280]" pageId="2" pageNumber="76">
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<typeStatus id="54C445ECD23DFFAA1CC0FF7B65B69F32" box="[151,210,254,280]" pageId="2" pageNumber="76">Type</typeStatus>
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species.
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C7F80CDD23DFFAA1D6EFF7B66EA9F32" ID-CoL="8NJX8" authority="Li, Wang & Yao, 2020" authorityName="Li, Wang & Yao" authorityYear="2020" box="[313,910,254,280]" class="Insecta" family="Empheriidae" genus="Burmempheria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="densuschaetae">
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<emphasis id="B90B275CD23DFFAA1D6EFF7B67EF9F32" box="[313,651,254,280]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="76">Burmempheria densuschaetae</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEE86BFD23DFFAA1EC5FF7B66EA9F32" author="Li, S. & Wang, Q. Z. & Ren, D. & Yao, Y. Z." box="[658,910,254,280]" pageId="2" pageNumber="76" pagination="104421" refId="ref9556" refString="Li, S., Wang, Q. Z., Ren, D. & Yao, Y. Z. (2020) New genus and species of Empheriidae (Psocodea: Trogiomorpha) from mid-Cretaceous amber of northern Myanmar. Cretaceous Research, 110, 104421. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. cretres. 2020.104421" type="journal article" year="2020">Li, Wang & Yao, 2020</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C365A8C5D23DFFAA1C90FEA764039A7E" pageId="2" pageNumber="76" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BC0FB4ED23DFFAA1C90FEA760169CE2" blockId="2.[151,1437,253,1108]" pageId="2" pageNumber="76">
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<emphasis id="B90B275CD23DFFAA1C90FEA7645F9F16" bold="true" box="[199,315,290,316]" pageId="2" pageNumber="76">Remarks.</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEE86BFD23DFFAA1D14FEA7648A9F16" author="Li, S. & Yoshizawa, K. & Wang, Q. Z. & Ren, D. & Bai, M. & Yao, Y. Z." box="[323,494,290,316]" pageId="2" pageNumber="76" pagination="907903" refId="ref9621" refString="Li, S., Yoshizawa, K., Wang, Q. Z., Ren, D., Bai, M. & Yao, Y. Z. (2022) New genus and species of Empheriidae (Insecta: Psocodea: Trogiomorpha) and their implication for the phylogeny of infraorder Atropetae. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, 10, 907903. https: // doi. org / 10.3389 / fevo. 2022.907903" type="journal article" year="2022">
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Li
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<emphasis id="B90B275CD23DFFAA1D34FEA664F19F16" box="[355,405,290,316]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="76">et al</emphasis>
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. (2022)
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</bibRefCitation>
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distinguished
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C7F80CDD23DFFAA1EC5FEA766459F16" authorityName="Li, Wang & Yao" authorityYear="2022" box="[658,801,290,316]" class="Insecta" family="Empheriidae" genus="Latempheria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90B275CD23DFFAA1EC5FEA766459F16" box="[658,801,290,316]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="76">Latempheria</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C7F80CDD23DFFAA1F31FEA7616A9F16" authorityName="Li, Wang & Yao" authorityYear="2020" box="[870,1038,290,316]" class="Insecta" family="Empheriidae" genus="Burmempheria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90B275CD23DFFAA1F31FEA7616A9F16" box="[870,1038,290,316]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="76">Burmempheria</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by two main diagnostic features of the body structures: (1) the external valvulae (broad in
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<emphasis id="B90B275CD23DFFAA1F58FEC366DA9F4A" box="[783,958,326,352]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="76">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C7F80CDD23DFFAA1F58FEC366FA9F4A" authorityName="Li, Wang & Yao" authorityYear="2022" box="[783,926,326,352]" class="Insecta" family="Empheriidae" genus="Latempheria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Latempheria</taxonomicName>
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||
vs
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</emphasis>
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||
. rod-like in
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<taxonomicName id="4C7F80CDD23DFFAA1819FEC361929F4A" authorityName="Li, Wang & Yao" authorityYear="2020" box="[1102,1270,326,352]" class="Insecta" family="Empheriidae" genus="Burmempheria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B90B275CD23DFFAA1819FEC361929F4A" box="[1102,1270,326,352]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="76">Burmempheria</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
); (2) the setae on the tibiae (‘all tibiae with two rows of obvious setae in
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<emphasis id="B90B275CD23DFFAA1F78FEEF66B99FAE" box="[815,989,362,388]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="76">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7F80CDD23DFFAA1F78FEEF66DA9FAE" authorityName="Li, Wang & Yao" authorityYear="2022" box="[815,958,362,388]" class="Insecta" family="Empheriidae" genus="Latempheria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Latempheria</taxonomicName>
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||
vs
|
||
</emphasis>
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||
. with setae or bare in
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C7F80CDD23DFFAA188CFEEF60E79FAE" authorityName="Li, Wang & Yao" authorityYear="2020" box="[1243,1411,362,388]" class="Insecta" family="Empheriidae" genus="Burmempheria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B90B275CD23DFFAA188CFEEF60E79FAE" box="[1243,1411,362,388]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="76">Burmempheria</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
’). Nevertheless, they assigned
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C7F80CDD23DFFAA1DBFFE0B61E09F82" authority="Li, Yoshizawa & Yao, 2022" authorityName="Li, Yoshizawa & Yao" authorityYear="2022" box="[488,1156,398,424]" class="Insecta" family="Empheriidae" genus="Burmempheria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curvatavena">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B275CD23DFFAA1DBFFE0B664C9F82" box="[488,808,398,424]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="76">Burmempheria curvatavena</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEE86BFD23DFFAA1F61FE0B61E09F82" author="Li, S. & Yoshizawa, K. & Wang, Q. Z. & Ren, D. & Bai, M. & Yao, Y. Z." box="[822,1156,398,424]" pageId="2" pageNumber="76" pagination="907903" refId="ref9621" refString="Li, S., Yoshizawa, K., Wang, Q. Z., Ren, D., Bai, M. & Yao, Y. Z. (2022) New genus and species of Empheriidae (Insecta: Psocodea: Trogiomorpha) and their implication for the phylogeny of infraorder Atropetae. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, 10, 907903. https: // doi. org / 10.3389 / fevo. 2022.907903" type="journal article" year="2022">Li, Yoshizawa & Yao, 2022</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B275CD23DFFAA18CCFE0A61D59F82" box="[1179,1201,399,424]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="76">in</emphasis>
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEE86BFD23DFFAA18E9FE0B60169F82" author="Li, S. & Yoshizawa, K. & Wang, Q. Z. & Ren, D. & Bai, M. & Yao, Y. Z." box="[1214,1394,398,424]" pageId="2" pageNumber="76" pagination="907903" refId="ref9621" refString="Li, S., Yoshizawa, K., Wang, Q. Z., Ren, D., Bai, M. & Yao, Y. Z. (2022) New genus and species of Empheriidae (Insecta: Psocodea: Trogiomorpha) and their implication for the phylogeny of infraorder Atropetae. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, 10, 907903. https: // doi. org / 10.3389 / fevo. 2022.907903" type="journal article" year="2022">
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Li
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||
<emphasis id="B90B275CD23DFFAA18B3FE0A60789F82" box="[1252,1308,398,424]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="76">et al</emphasis>
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., 2022
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||
</bibRefCitation>
|
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) to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7F80CDD23DFFAA1CC0FE37645B9FE6" authorityName="Li, Wang & Yao" authorityYear="2020" box="[151,319,434,460]" class="Insecta" family="Empheriidae" genus="Burmempheria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B275CD23DFFAA1CC0FE37645B9FE6" box="[151,319,434,460]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="76">Burmempheria</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
despite noting that the specimen has all tibiae with two rows of obvious setae (like in the diagnosis of
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C7F80CDD23DFFAA1CE1FE5364219FDA" authorityName="Li, Wang & Yao" authorityYear="2022" box="[182,325,470,496]" class="Insecta" family="Empheriidae" genus="Latempheria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B275CD23DFFAA1CE1FE5364219FDA" box="[182,325,470,496]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="76">Latempheria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). The latter specimen was identified as a male (with no females available to examine the structures of the external valvulae) and the diagnostic features relied on for this classification are either found in both
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7F80CDD23DFFAA1CC0FD9B645B9C12" authorityName="Li, Wang & Yao" authorityYear="2020" box="[151,319,542,568]" class="Insecta" family="Empheriidae" genus="Burmempheria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B275CD23DFFAA1CC0FD9B645B9C12" box="[151,319,542,568]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="76">Burmempheria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7F80CDD23DFFAA1D21FD9B67619C12" authorityName="Li, Wang & Yao" authorityYear="2022" box="[374,517,542,568]" class="Insecta" family="Empheriidae" genus="Latempheria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B275CD23DFFAA1D21FD9B67619C12" box="[374,517,542,568]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="76">Latempheria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(‘Sc long and reaching to the anterior margin’—which is phrased incoherently in the Remarks section and depicted inaccurately in the illustration, but is interpreted correctly in the description section in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEE86BFD23DFFAA1D59FDE364A49CAA" author="Li, S. & Yoshizawa, K. & Wang, Q. Z. & Ren, D. & Bai, M. & Yao, Y. Z." box="[270,448,614,640]" pageId="2" pageNumber="76" pagination="907903" refId="ref9621" refString="Li, S., Yoshizawa, K., Wang, Q. Z., Ren, D., Bai, M. & Yao, Y. Z. (2022) New genus and species of Empheriidae (Insecta: Psocodea: Trogiomorpha) and their implication for the phylogeny of infraorder Atropetae. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, 10, 907903. https: // doi. org / 10.3389 / fevo. 2022.907903" type="journal article" year="2022">
|
||
Li
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B275CD23DFFAA1D67FDE264079CAA" box="[304,355,614,640]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="76">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2022)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Sc does not reach the anterior margin but instead curves back to connect with R
|
||
<subScript id="17FBF90BD23DFFAA1934FDFD600F9CAC" attach="left" box="[1379,1387,632,646]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="76">1</subScript>
|
||
and it is actually a cross-vein that reaches the anterior margin—and ‘lack of pulvillus’) or incomplete in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7F80CDD23DFFAA195AFD0F60F89C8E" authorityName="Li, Wang & Yao" authorityYear="2022" box="[1293,1436,650,676]" class="Insecta" family="Empheriidae" genus="Latempheria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B275CD23DFFAA195AFD0F60F89C8E" box="[1293,1436,650,676]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="76">Latempheria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(‘flagellum with more than 30 segments’ which is broken at 25 flagellomeres in the specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7F80CDD23DFFAA1884FD2B60069CE2" authorityName="Li, Wang & Yao" authorityYear="2022" box="[1235,1378,686,712]" class="Insecta" family="Empheriidae" genus="Latempheria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B275CD23DFFAA1884FD2B60069CE2" box="[1235,1378,686,712]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="76">Latempheria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC0FB4ED23DFFAA1C90FD57615B9D8A" blockId="2.[151,1437,253,1108]" pageId="2" pageNumber="76">
|
||
We re-examined these two diagnostic characters in the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C445ECD23DFFAA1F7BFD5766EA9CC6" box="[812,910,722,748]" pageId="2" pageNumber="76" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
material of both genera, and upon observation, we determined that there is no support for genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7F80CDD23DFFAA1E9FFD7366339D3A" authorityName="Li, Wang & Yao" authorityYear="2022" box="[712,855,758,784]" class="Insecta" family="Empheriidae" genus="Latempheria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B275CD23DFFAA1E9FFD7366339D3A" box="[712,855,758,784]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="76">Latempheria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The genitalia have a similar shape in both genera, which can be noted from available illustrations (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEE86BFD23DFFAA1EE1FC9F663E9D1E" author="Li, S. & Wang, Q. Z. & Ren, D. & Yao, Y. Z." box="[694,858,794,820]" pageId="2" pageNumber="76" pagination="104421" refId="ref9556" refString="Li, S., Wang, Q. Z., Ren, D. & Yao, Y. Z. (2020) New genus and species of Empheriidae (Psocodea: Trogiomorpha) from mid-Cretaceous amber of northern Myanmar. Cretaceous Research, 110, 104421. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. cretres. 2020.104421" type="journal article" year="2020">
|
||
Li
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B275CD23DFFAA1E80FC9E666D9D1E" box="[727,777,794,820]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="76">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 2020
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 2H;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEE86BFD23DFFAA1F93FC9F61029D1E" author="Li, S. & Yoshizawa, K. & Wang, Q. Z. & Ren, D. & Bai, M. & Yao, Y. Z." box="[964,1126,794,820]" pageId="2" pageNumber="76" pagination="907903" refId="ref9621" refString="Li, S., Yoshizawa, K., Wang, Q. Z., Ren, D., Bai, M. & Yao, Y. Z. (2022) New genus and species of Empheriidae (Insecta: Psocodea: Trogiomorpha) and their implication for the phylogeny of infraorder Atropetae. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, 10, 907903. https: // doi. org / 10.3389 / fevo. 2022.907903" type="journal article" year="2022">
|
||
Li
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B275CD23DFFAA1FB3FC9E61719D1E" box="[996,1045,794,820]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="76">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 2022
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: figs 3I, 3J). The difference in these structures described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEE86BFD23DFFAA1DABFCBB67F99D72" author="Li, S. & Wang, Q. Z. & Ren, D. & Yao, Y. Z." box="[508,669,830,856]" pageId="2" pageNumber="76" pagination="104421" refId="ref9556" refString="Li, S., Wang, Q. Z., Ren, D. & Yao, Y. Z. (2020) New genus and species of Empheriidae (Psocodea: Trogiomorpha) from mid-Cretaceous amber of northern Myanmar. Cretaceous Research, 110, 104421. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. cretres. 2020.104421" type="journal article" year="2020">
|
||
Li
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B275CD23DFFAA1E4CFCBA67289D72" box="[539,588,830,856]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="76">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2020
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, 2022) is a result of specimen orientation. The two rows of spines on the tibiae, clearly visible on the middle and hind legs, are observed in all species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7F80CDD23DFFAA187CFCE761B79D56" authorityName="Li, Wang & Yao" authorityYear="2020" box="[1067,1235,866,892]" class="Insecta" family="Empheriidae" genus="Burmempheria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B275CD23DFFAA187CFCE761B79D56" box="[1067,1235,866,892]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="76">Burmempheria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7F80CDD23DFFAA1951FCE760F19D56" authorityName="Li, Wang & Yao" authorityYear="2022" box="[1286,1429,866,892]" class="Insecta" family="Empheriidae" genus="Latempheria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B275CD23DFFAA1951FCE760F19D56" box="[1286,1429,866,892]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="76">Latempheria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Consequently, we synonymise the two genera based on the currently available data.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC0FB4ED23DFFAA1C90FC2F64039A7E" blockId="2.[151,1437,253,1108]" pageId="2" pageNumber="76">
|
||
The number of apical spurs on the tibiae seems variable (two or three depending on the pair of legs) in species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7F80CDD23DFFAA1CE2FC4B64399DC2" authorityName="Li, Wang & Yao" authorityYear="2020" box="[181,349,974,1000]" class="Insecta" family="Empheriidae" genus="Burmempheria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B275CD23DFFAA1CE2FC4B64399DC2" box="[181,349,974,1000]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="76">Burmempheria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: usually two on the fore tibiae and three on the middle and hind tibiae is the trend observed in our material belonging to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7F80CDD23DFFAA1DC6FC77675D9A26" authorityName="Li, Wang & Yao" authorityYear="2020" box="[401,569,1010,1036]" class="Insecta" family="Empheriidae" genus="Burmempheria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Psocodea" pageId="2" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B275CD23DFFAA1DC6FC77675D9A26" box="[401,569,1010,1036]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="76">Burmempheria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. This character can be difficult to observe at times due to the position of the legs, thus additional investigations and future discoveries will reveal the exact value of this character for generic or specific diagnosis.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |