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<document id="E09AFAD3001D8A0E9EB90296781F3E9B" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3608.6.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0405d547-4c60-4dad-8265-6ba4ad473298" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="221771" ID-ZooBank="88C9385B-1E8F-4F69-B77E-C81D9F898282" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460570712247" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Maddocks, Rosalie F." docDate="2013" docId="038D8671FF893560FF61F8EA8D36F836" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03608p510.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3608 (6)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Neonesidea tenera Brady 1886" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="481" masterDocId="FFB4FE09FF9D3578FFF6FFE68E57FFC7" masterDocTitle="New and poorly known species of Neonesidea (Bairdiidae, Ostracoda, Crustacea) from French Frigate Shoals, the Hawaiian Islands" masterLastPageNumber="510" masterPageNumber="457" pageNumber="477" updateTime="1698322053781" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="F19CB25CED8A0824DEC6F8FA67ABC73C">New and poorly known species of Neonesidea (Bairdiidae, Ostracoda, Crustacea) from French Frigate Shoals, the Hawaiian Islands</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="9F089987DEB11430251149BB2FD17F38">Maddocks, Rosalie F.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="2E2FF9CD85286FF42AFE9E0531A3D4F9">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:identifier id="2010B494F9145224F8E1F41953A5A88A" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3608.6.3</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="038D8671FF893560FF61F8EA8D36F836" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6153571" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119558952" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6153571" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038D8671FF893560FF61F8EA8D36F836" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038D8671FF893560FF61F8EA8D36F836" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="481" pageId="20" pageNumber="477">
<subSubSection id="C33E64ECFF89356CFF61F8EA8CF7F84B" pageId="20" pageNumber="477" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B9B3767FF89356CFF61F8EA8C70F8E2" blockId="20.[151,551,1803,1862]" box="[151,551,1803,1830]" pageId="20" pageNumber="477">
<heading id="D0D3800BFF89356CFF61F8EA8C70F8E2" bold="true" box="[151,551,1803,1830]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="20" pageNumber="477" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF89356CFF61F8EA8C70F8E2" ID-CoL="46NTC" authority="Brady, 1886" authorityName="Brady" authorityYear="1886" box="[151,551,1803,1830]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Neonesidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="20" pageNumber="477" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenera">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF89356CFF61F8EA8C70F8E2" bold="true" box="[151,551,1803,1830]" pageId="20" pageNumber="477">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF89356CFF61F8EA8F20F8E1" bold="true" box="[151,375,1804,1830]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="477">Neonesidea tenera</emphasis>
(Brady, 1886)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B3767FF89356CFF61F8C88F25F881" blockId="20.[151,551,1803,1862]" box="[151,370,1838,1862]" pageId="20" pageNumber="477">
(
<figureCitation id="131F2BE2FF89356CFF69F8C88EBCF881" box="[159,235,1838,1862]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1654,1677]" captionTargetBox="[151,1428,193,1630]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,193,1633]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 5. Caudal setae and simple setae on caudal process. A, C, Neonesidea tenera Brady, female specimen 3905 F, LV and RV exteriors. B, D, Neonesidea tenera Brady, juvenile female instar A – 1 specimen 3957 J, RV and LV exteriors. E, F, Neonesidea plumulosa n. sp., male specimen 3960 M, LV and RV exteriors. Scale bar = 10 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/221776/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="477">Figs. 5</figureCitation>
A–D, 6–17)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B3767FF89356CFF61F8908CF7F84B" blockId="20.[151,775,1910,2024]" box="[151,672,1910,1933]" pageId="20" pageNumber="477">
1886
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF89356CFF3FF8918FF2F84B" authority="Brady" authorityName="Brady" box="[201,421,1910,1933]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Bairdia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="20" pageNumber="477" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenera">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF89356CFF3FF8918F0BF84A" box="[201,348,1911,1933]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="477">Bairdia tenera</emphasis>
Brady
</taxonomicName>
: 304, pl. 39, figs. 13–15.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33E64ECFF89356DFF61F8708DF5FBE5" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="478" pageId="20" pageNumber="477" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9B3767FF89356CFF61F8708CE9F80E" blockId="20.[151,775,1910,2024]" pageId="20" pageNumber="477">
1890
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF89356CFF3FF8738FABF86C" authority="Brady-Brady" authorityName="Brady-Brady" box="[201,508,1941,1963]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Bairdia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="20" pageNumber="477" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenera">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF89356CFF3FF8738F0BF86C" box="[201,348,1941,1963]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="477">Bairdia tenera</emphasis>
Brady—Brady
</taxonomicName>
: 495, pl. 1, figs.
<date id="FF9A11A7FF89356CFD53F8708E9DF80E" pageId="20" pageNumber="477" value="1905-12-11">11–12. 1905</date>
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF89356CFF3FF8528F86F80E" authority="A. Scott" authorityName="A. Scott" box="[201,465,1972,1994]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Bairdia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="20" pageNumber="477" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inornata">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF89356CFF3FF8528F24F80D" box="[201,371,1972,1994]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="477">Bairdia inornata</emphasis>
A. Scott
</taxonomicName>
: 372, pl. 1, figs. 11–12.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B3767FF89356CFF61F8348D50F82F" blockId="20.[151,775,1910,2024]" box="[151,775,2002,2024]" pageId="20" pageNumber="477">
1969
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF89356CFF3FF8348F8DF82F" authority="Brady" authorityName="Brady" box="[201,474,2002,2024]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Neonesidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="20" pageNumber="477" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenera">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF89356CFF3FF8348FD0F82F" box="[201,391,2002,2024]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="477">Neonesidea tenera</emphasis>
(Brady)
</taxonomicName>
—Maddocks: 33, pl. 2, fig. 4.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B3767FF88356DFF61FF7E8D64FF6A" blockId="21.[151,1215,152,450]" box="[151,819,152,174]" pageId="21" pageNumber="478">
1999
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF88356DFF3FFF7E8F8EFF69" authority="Brady" authorityName="Brady" box="[201,473,152,174]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Neonesidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="21" pageNumber="478" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenera">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF88356DFF3FFF7E8FD0FF69" box="[201,391,152,174]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="478">Neonesidea tenera</emphasis>
(Brady)
</taxonomicName>
—Whatley &amp; Jones: pl. 1, fig. 10.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B3767FF88356DFF61FF518CFEFF0B" blockId="21.[151,1215,152,450]" box="[151,681,182,205]" pageId="21" pageNumber="478">
2000
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF88356DFF3FFF518F8DFF0B" authority="Brady" authorityName="Brady" box="[201,474,182,205]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Neonesidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="21" pageNumber="478" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenera">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF88356DFF3FFF518FD0FF0A" box="[201,391,183,205]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="478">Neonesidea tenera</emphasis>
(Brady)
</taxonomicName>
—Whatley:
<tableCitation id="C6A602DCFF88356DFDAEFF508CF3FF0B" box="[600,676,182,204]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,239,151,175]" captionText="TABLE 1. Species of Neonesidea (38) for which soft-part characters are known, at least in part." pageId="21" pageNumber="478">Table 1</tableCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B3767FF88356DFF61FF338C3FFECE" blockId="21.[151,1215,152,450]" pageId="21" pageNumber="478">
2000
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF88356DFF3FFF338F8EFF2C" authority="Brady" authorityName="Brady" box="[201,473,213,235]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Neonesidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="21" pageNumber="478" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenera">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF88356DFF3FFF338FD0FF2C" box="[201,391,213,235]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="478">Neonesidea tenera</emphasis>
(Brady)
</taxonomicName>
—Whatley, Jones &amp; Wouters: 85, pl. 2, figs. 1, 2, 4 (not fig. 3).? 1902
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF88356DFF2DFF128C66FECE" authority="Brady-Chapman" authorityName="Brady-Chapman" box="[219,561,243,266]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Bairdia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="21" pageNumber="478" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenera">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF88356DFF2DFF128F39FECD" box="[219,366,244,266]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="478">Bairdia tenera</emphasis>
Brady—Chapman
</taxonomicName>
: 422.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B3767FF88356DFF61FEF58D6EFEEF" blockId="21.[151,1215,152,450]" box="[151,825,274,296]" pageId="21" pageNumber="478">
? 1983
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF88356DFF2DFEF48F06FEEF" box="[219,337,274,296]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Neonesidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="21" pageNumber="478" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF88356DFF2DFEF48F06FEEF" box="[219,337,274,296]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="478">Neonesidea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A263560EFF88356DFEA1FEF58FD9FEEF" box="[343,398,275,296]" pageId="21" pageNumber="478" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
1—Bonaduce
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF88356DFDD3FEF58C06FEEF" box="[549,593,274,296]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="478">et al</emphasis>
.: 478, fig. 4, figs. 6–9.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B3767FF88356DFF61FED48D57FE80" blockId="21.[151,1215,152,450]" box="[151,768,305,327]" pageId="21" pageNumber="478">
? 1983
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF88356DFF17FED78F3DFE80" box="[225,362,305,327]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="478">
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF88356DFF17FED78F00FE80" box="[225,343,305,327]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Neonesidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="21" pageNumber="478" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Neonesidea</taxonomicName>
?
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF88356DFE87FED48C51FE80" authority="(Brady)" authorityName="Brady" baseAuthorityName="Brady" box="[369,518,305,327]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Bairdia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="21" pageNumber="478" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenera">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF88356DFE87FED48FE5FE80" box="[369,434,306,327]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="478">tenera</emphasis>
(Brady)
</taxonomicName>
—Bonaduce
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF88356DFD64FED48C9AFE80" box="[658,717,305,327]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="478">et al.:</emphasis>
481.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B3767FF88356DFF61FEB68D7AFEA2" blockId="21.[151,1215,152,450]" box="[151,813,336,358]" pageId="21" pageNumber="478">
? 1995
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF88356DFF2DFEB68FBDFEA1" authority="Brady" authorityName="Brady" box="[219,490,336,358]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Neonesidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="21" pageNumber="478" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenera">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF88356DFF2DFEB68FCFFEA1" box="[219,408,336,358]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="478">Neonesidea tenera</emphasis>
(Brady)
</taxonomicName>
—Whatley &amp; Roberts: fig. 1–1.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B3767FF88356DFF61FE898D5BFE43" blockId="21.[151,1215,152,450]" box="[151,780,366,389]" pageId="21" pageNumber="478">
? 2002
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF88356DFF17FE898F00FE42" box="[225,343,367,389]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Neonesidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="21" pageNumber="478" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF88356DFF17FE898F00FE42" box="[225,343,367,389]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="478">Neonesidea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
gr.
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF88356DFE88FE968C46FE43" authority="Brady" authorityName="Brady" box="[382,529,366,389]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Neonesidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="21" pageNumber="478" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenera">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF88356DFE88FE968FE8FE42" box="[382,447,368,389]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="478">tenera</emphasis>
(Brady)
</taxonomicName>
—Hoibian
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF88356DFD73FE968C97FE42" box="[645,704,367,389]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="478">et al.:</emphasis>
p. 183.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B3767FF88356DFF61FE6B8AE8FE06" blockId="21.[151,1215,152,450]" pageId="21" pageNumber="478">
? 2012
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF88356DFF2DFE6B8FA0FE64" authority="Brady" authorityName="Brady" box="[219,503,397,419]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Neonesidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="21" pageNumber="478" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenera">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF88356DFF2DFE6B8FF2FE64" box="[219,421,397,419]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="478">Neonesidea tenera?</emphasis>
(Brady)
</taxonomicName>
—Antonietto
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF88356DFD70FE688C96FE64" box="[646,705,397,419]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="478">et al.:</emphasis>
35, fig. 4, figs. 16–22. Not 1894
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF88356DFF0AFE4A8FA9FE06" authority="T. Scott" authorityName="T. Scott" box="[252,510,428,450]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Bairdia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="21" pageNumber="478" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inornata">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF88356DFF0AFE4A8FF2FE05" box="[252,421,428,450]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="478">Bairdia inornata</emphasis>
T. Scott
</taxonomicName>
: 136, pl. 14, figs. 40–41 [= senior homonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF88356DFC15FE4B8AE2FE06" authority="A. Scott" authorityName="A. Scott" box="[995,1205,427,450]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Bairdia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="21" pageNumber="478" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inornata">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF88356DFC15FE4B8A01FE05" box="[995,1110,429,450]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="478">B. inornata</emphasis>
A. Scott
</taxonomicName>
].
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B3767FF88356DFF61FE098FF1FDEC" blockId="21.[151,1436,494,2030]" pageId="21" pageNumber="478">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF88356DFF61FE098FFAFDC0" bold="true" box="[151,429,494,519]" pageId="21" pageNumber="478">
<typeStatus id="549F89C5FF88356DFF61FE098E8BFDC0" box="[151,220,495,519]" pageId="21" pageNumber="478">Types</typeStatus>
and
<typeStatus id="549F89C5FF88356DFEE1FE098F1DFDC0" box="[279,330,495,519]" pageId="21" pageNumber="478">type</typeStatus>
locality.
</emphasis>
The statement by Antonietto
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF88356DFD0FFE168D67FDC1" box="[761,816,494,519]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="478">et al.</emphasis>
(2012, p. 35) is incorrect—Maddocks (1969, p. 33) did not designate a
<typeStatus id="549F89C5FF88356DFEB0FDF58FF5FDEC" box="[326,418,531,555]" pageId="21" pageNumber="478" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B3767FF88356DFF31FDD08A9DFC8D" blockId="21.[151,1436,494,2030]" pageId="21" pageNumber="478">
The Rules (ICZN, 1999, Article 5, p. 84–85) concerning
<typeStatus id="549F89C5FF88356DFCB7FDD18DF2FD88" box="[833,933,567,591]" pageId="21" pageNumber="478" type="neotype">neotypes</typeStatus>
are strict. A
<typeStatus id="549F89C5FF88356DFBC3FDD18AD9FD88" box="[1077,1166,567,591]" pageId="21" pageNumber="478" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
may be designated only if necessary to &quot;define the nominal taxon objectively&quot; and to resolve an existing &quot;zoological problem&quot;—not just because the original
<typeStatus id="549F89C5FF88356DFE89FD998FF8FD50" box="[383,431,639,663]" pageId="21" pageNumber="478">type</typeStatus>
has been lost, and never as a matter of routine. Such a designation must be accompanied by demonstration of &quot;exceptional need,&quot; by a statement of purpose, by a differential diagnosis, and by &quot;evidence that the
<typeStatus id="549F89C5FF88356DFF09FD218F0FFD18" box="[255,344,711,735]" pageId="21" pageNumber="478" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
came as nearly as practicable from the original
<typeStatus id="549F89C5FF88356DFC44FD218DB5FD18" box="[946,994,711,735]" pageId="21" pageNumber="478">type</typeStatus>
locality.&quot; A type-specimen has only nomenclatural, not taxonomic, significance. It is merely the name-bearer, in case of later dispute concerning the applicability of a species name. In the absence of any dispute, it has no function, because it does not define the taxonomic concept associated with the name or describe the contents of a biological population.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B3767FF88356DFF31FCB08F4EFC71" blockId="21.[151,1436,494,2030]" pageId="21" pageNumber="478">
There is no reason to designate a
<typeStatus id="549F89C5FF88356DFDC8FCB18CC0FCA8" box="[574,663,855,879]" pageId="21" pageNumber="478" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
for
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF88356DFD30FCBE8D61FCA8" box="[710,822,856,879]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="478">
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF88356DFD30FCBE8D65FCA8" box="[710,818,856,879]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Neonesidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="21" pageNumber="478" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenera">N. tenera</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
Although the specimen was lost (Brady 1890, p. 493), and the original description is skimpy,
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF88356DFDA7FC9A8CECFC54" box="[593,699,892,915]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Neonesidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="21" pageNumber="478" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenera">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF88356DFDA7FC9A8CECFC54" box="[593,699,892,915]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="478">N. tenera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been identified globally by multiple authors with reasonable confidence.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B3767FF88356DFF31FC248DF5FBE5" blockId="21.[151,1436,494,2030]" pageId="21" pageNumber="478">
The
<typeStatus id="549F89C5FF88356DFF0FFC258F7EFC1C" box="[249,297,963,987]" pageId="21" pageNumber="478">type</typeStatus>
locality remains as originally specified: &quot;dredged in a depth of 2 fathoms off Calpentyn, in the Gulf of Manaar&quot; (Brady 1886, p. 293). Contrary to Antonietto
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF88356DFCF4FC0E8D6CFC39" box="[770,827,998,1023]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="478">et al.</emphasis>
(2012, p. 35), the label on the specimen subsequently identified by Maddocks (1969) is not the
<typeStatus id="549F89C5FF88356DFD91FBED8CC0FBE4" box="[615,663,1035,1059]" pageId="21" pageNumber="478">type</typeStatus>
locality for the species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33E64ECFF88356DFF31FBC88B2BFAA1" pageId="21" pageNumber="478" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B9B3767FF88356DFF31FBC88DF7FBAD" blockId="21.[151,1436,494,2030]" pageId="21" pageNumber="478">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF88356DFF31FBC88F61FB80" bold="true" box="[199,310,1070,1095]" pageId="21" pageNumber="478">Material.</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="9D22FCEEFF88356DFECBFBC88F82FB81" box="[317,469,1070,1094]" pageId="21" pageNumber="478" type="generic">38 specimens</specimenCount>
in 8 samples (
<tableCitation id="C6A602DCFF88356DFD81FBC88C99FB81" box="[631,718,1070,1094]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,239,834,858]" captionText="TABLE 2. Number of specimens collected at each station." pageId="21" pageNumber="478">Table 2</tableCitation>
). This is the most abundant of the five species of
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF88356DFB0AFBC88B28FB81" box="[1276,1407,1070,1094]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Neonesidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="21" pageNumber="478" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF88356DFB0AFBC88B28FB81" box="[1276,1407,1070,1094]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="478">Neonesidea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in this collection. Adults of both sexes and three instars are represented.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B3767FF88356DFF31FB908D84FAD9" blockId="21.[151,1436,494,2030]" pageId="21" pageNumber="478">
The material includes a range of preservation, from partial to total decalcification. One female (3962F) displays the dark brown color of the carapace epidermis and orange eggs. Among the many juveniles, one A-
<specimenCount id="9D22FCEEFF88356DFA64FB7C8E9AFB11" pageId="21" pageNumber="478" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
(3920MJ) was molting when captured, and the adult antennal hook is clearly visible within the juvenile claw. The juvenile carapace has split around the free margin and partly flaked off, releasing the unexpanded chitinous template for the adult carapace, including hundreds of close-packed setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B3767FF88356DFF31FACC8B2BFAA1" blockId="21.[151,1436,494,2030]" pageId="21" pageNumber="478">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF88356DFF31FACC8F05FA84" bold="true" box="[199,338,1322,1347]" pageId="21" pageNumber="478">Dimensions</emphasis>
. Female specimen 3862F L 811 μm, H 471 μm; female specimen 3892F L 833 μm, H 500 μm; female specimen 3905F L 824 μm, H 473 μm; male specimen 3906M L 797 μm, H 453 μm. See also
<figureCitation id="131F2BE2FF88356DFAFFFAA88B2EFAA1" box="[1289,1401,1358,1382]" captionStart="FIGURE 15. L – H" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1880,1903]" captionTargetBox="[158,1407,901,1841]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[151,1436,879,1858]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 15. L – H scatter plot for the population of Neonesidea tenera (Brady) at French Frigate Shoals, including males, females and three instars." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/221786/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="478">Figure 15</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33E64ECFF883560FF31FA948D36F836" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="481" pageId="21" pageNumber="478" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9B3767FF88356DFF31FA948A31F8D1" blockId="21.[151,1436,494,2030]" pageId="21" pageNumber="478">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF88356DFF31FA948F0EFA4C" bold="true" box="[199,345,1394,1419]" pageId="21" pageNumber="478">Description.</emphasis>
Carapace (
<figureCitation id="131F2BE2FF88356DFE11FA948C6BFA4D" box="[487,572,1394,1418]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1807,1830]" captionTargetBox="[156,1435,704,1769]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,700,1786]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 6. Neonesidea tenera (Brady). A, D, G, female specimen 3892 F with decalcified carapace: A, RV exterior; D, LV exterior; G, right side of entire animal before dissection. B, C, F, I, female specimen 3905 F with partially calcified carapace: B, RV exterior; C, LV exterior; F, I, right side of entire animal before dissection. E, J, male specimen 3906 M with partially calcified carapace: E, RV exterior; J, right side of entire animal before dissection. H, K, female specimen 3962 F with calcified carapace: H, left side of entire animal in reflected light before dissection, showing small secondary crystalline concretions, clear marginal regions, brown carapace lining, light orange food balls; K, same in transmitted light. L, juvenile female instar A- 1 specimen 3957 J with decalcified carapace, right side of entire animal. Scale bar = 100 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/221777/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="478">Figs. 6</figureCitation>
A–L, 7A–I, 8A–J) moderately compressed, greatest height and greatest thickness located slightly anterior to midlength (0.46–0.49); surface smooth; epidermis or inner chitinous lining dark brown except for small clear region over eye, margins translucent white; bleached specimens with small opaque streak located centrally over AMSP. Lateral outline of left valve oblong; dorsal margin broadly arched, curving smoothly and nearly equally anteriorly and posteriorly, without any anterodorsal and posterodorsal angles; anterior margin broadly and evenly rounded, ventral margin with very weak ventral indentation or nearly straight, posteroventral margin curving smoothly upward; posterior end weakly caudate, with slight posterodorsal concavity above broadly rounded caudal process, center of caudal process located slightly above one-third of height (0.35–0.36). No anteroventral marginal denticles; posteroventral marginal denticles suspected but not clearly visible. Marginal fused zone narrow, vestibules deep and broad; false RPC numerous, of many lengths, each ending in a seta. NPC of several sizes, simple, without distinct marginal walls. AMSP rosette-shaped, with 8 polygonal scars close-packed, two by two; one small frontal scar and two small mandibular scars.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B3767FF88356DFF31F8C48FA9F829" blockId="21.[151,1436,494,2030]" pageId="21" pageNumber="478">
Carapace setae (
<figureCitation id="131F2BE2FF88356DFE8BF8C48F9EF8FD" box="[381,457,1826,1850]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1654,1677]" captionTargetBox="[151,1428,193,1630]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,193,1633]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 5. Caudal setae and simple setae on caudal process. A, C, Neonesidea tenera Brady, female specimen 3905 F, LV and RV exteriors. B, D, Neonesidea tenera Brady, juvenile female instar A – 1 specimen 3957 J, RV and LV exteriors. E, F, Neonesidea plumulosa n. sp., male specimen 3960 M, LV and RV exteriors. Scale bar = 10 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/221776/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="478">Figs. 5</figureCitation>
A–D, 6A–L, 7A–I, 8A–J) numerous, evenly spaced, of various lengths and thicknesses, but all fairly short, stiff, simple, tapering smoothly to sharp point; a few of the smallest setae have 2 or 3 divergent, shorter barbs or branches near base, but larger setae never have barbs. Eyelash setae simple, evenly spaced, all of the same length. Caudal setae about
<quantity id="4CDC9A82FF88356DFDB0F8688C22F861" box="[582,629,1934,1958]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.524" pageId="21" pageNumber="478" unit="in" value="6.0">6 in</quantity>
number, delicately feathered, thistle-like, located along posterodorsal margin of caudal process of each valve, clearly seen only in A-1 instar; caudal setae thought to be present also in adult, but too fine to see clearly.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF5B67EFFF8B356EFF61F9A78B2DF952" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/221783/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="479" targetBox="[160,1436,157,1584]" targetPageId="22">
<paragraph id="8B9B3767FF8B356EFF61F9A78B2DF952" blockId="22.[151,1436,1601,1685]" pageId="22" pageNumber="479">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF8B356EFF61F9A78F76F990" bold="true" box="[151,289,1601,1624]" pageId="22" pageNumber="479">FIGURE 12.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF8B356EFEDFF9A78C15F990" authority="Brady" authorityName="Brady" box="[297,578,1601,1624]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Neonesidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="22" pageNumber="479" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenera">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF8B356EFEDFF9A78FBFF99F" box="[297,488,1601,1624]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="479">Neonesidea tenera</emphasis>
(Brady)
</taxonomicName>
. A, B, female specimen
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF8B356EFCB5F9A48D29F990" bold="true" box="[835,894,1602,1623]" pageId="22" pageNumber="479">3905:</emphasis>
A, B, first and second segregated setae of vibratory plate of fifth limb, unfeathered and with wedge-shaped terminations. C–H, male specimen
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF8B356EFBC3F9868ADFF9B2" bold="true" box="[1077,1160,1632,1653]" pageId="22" pageNumber="479">3906M:</emphasis>
C, maxillule; D, antennule (ends of four longest setae are displaced); E, antenna; F, antennal claw with terminal hook; G, masticatory organ; H, mouth.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B9B3767FF8B356EFF31F95D8DEDF8DE" blockId="22.[151,1436,1723,2028]" pageId="22" pageNumber="479">
Antennal claw of male (
<figureCitation id="131F2BE2FF8B356EFE17F95D8C6BF914" box="[481,572,1723,1747]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1819,1842]" captionTargetBox="[166,1436,1226,1797]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[151,1436,1226,1798]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 11. Neonesidea tenera (Brady). A, B, juvenile male instar A- 1 specimen 3920 MJ, molting animal: hook of adult antennal claw is visible within juvenile claw. C – E, male specimen 3906 M: C, D, antennal claw; E, other antennal claw, foreshortened and out of focus, to show how details of shape depend on exact focus and perspective. F, female specimen 3892 F: antennal claw. G, female specimen 3905 F: antennal claw. H, juvenile female instar A- 1 specimen 3910 FJ: antennal claw with sharply beveled tip, as usual for bairdiid juveniles. Scale bar = 10 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/221782/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="479">Figs. 11</figureCitation>
A–E, 12E–F) relatively short, wide; distal edge of outer horn only slightly curved, continues smooth profile of claw; end of outer horn slightly curved, pointed; inner horn shorter, tapers sinuously, ends in sharply curved point; sigmoid groove between horns.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B3767FF8B356EFF31F8C28F21F82B" blockId="22.[151,1436,1723,2028]" pageId="22" pageNumber="479">
Hemipenis (
<figureCitation id="131F2BE2FF8B356EFEA5F8C28FE5F8FB" box="[339,434,1828,1852]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1513,1536]" captionTargetBox="[159,1415,291,1485]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1415,291,1486]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 10. Neonesidea tenera (Brady). A, B, E – L, male specimen 3906 M: A, B, posterior of body with hemipenes and furcae; E, spermatophore; F – H, hemipenes; I, spiral vas deferens; J, L, masticatory processes of maxillule; K, terminal claw of palp of maxillule. C, D, female specimen 3905 F: C, head capsule with S-shaped struts, sternum, and mouth; D, masticatory organ. Scale bar = 10 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/221781/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="479">Figs. 10</figureCitation>
A–B, F–H, 14D) with wedge-shaped base, heavily muscularized; median lobe oblongsubovate in outline, consisting of D-shaped outer capsule containing three groups of muscles attached to proximal and medial chitinous ridges, plus broadly flared lamellar flange or brim; terminal segment broad-based, heavily chitinized, with a somewhat blunt, lobose, smooth termination, as well as an incised medial groove to house copulatory tube. Copulatory tube long, tapering, flexible; distal (free) part more than twice as long as proximal (fixed, arched) part.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B3767FF8A356FFF31FF7E8C14FF32" blockId="23.[151,1436,151,1177]" pageId="23" pageNumber="480">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF8A356FFF31FF7E8F61FF77" box="[199,310,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="480">Kauplatte</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="131F2BE2FF8A356FFEB3FF718FF6FF68" box="[325,417,151,175]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1513,1536]" captionTargetBox="[159,1415,291,1485]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1415,291,1486]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 10. Neonesidea tenera (Brady). A, B, E – L, male specimen 3906 M: A, B, posterior of body with hemipenes and furcae; E, spermatophore; F – H, hemipenes; I, spiral vas deferens; J, L, masticatory processes of maxillule; K, terminal claw of palp of maxillule. C, D, female specimen 3905 F: C, head capsule with S-shaped struts, sternum, and mouth; D, masticatory organ. Scale bar = 10 μm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/221781/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="480">Figs. 10</figureCitation>
D, 12G) of masticatory organ with 8 wide teeth of nearly equal sizes, with bluntly rounded margins; end teeth slightly larger than others and set apart by small gaps; 2 thin, straight, hairlike spines located at ends, projecting slightly beyond teeth.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B3767FF8A356FFF31FF198F58FE66" blockId="23.[151,1436,151,1177]" pageId="23" pageNumber="480">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF8A356FFF31FF198F3AFEDF" bold="true" box="[199,365,255,280]" pageId="23" pageNumber="480">Comparisons.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF8A356FFE81FEE68FB5FED0" box="[375,482,256,279]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Neonesidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="23" pageNumber="480" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenera">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF8A356FFE81FEE68FB5FED0" box="[375,482,256,279]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="480">N. tenera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is poorly known in the
<typeStatus id="549F89C5FF8A356FFCF6FEE68D67FEDF" box="[768,816,256,280]" pageId="23" pageNumber="480">type</typeStatus>
locality (Gulf of Mannar,
<collectingCountry id="F33377F7FF8A356FFB9FFF198A8AFED0" box="[1129,1245,255,279]" name="Sri Lanka" pageId="23" pageNumber="480">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
, northern Indian Ocean), and all three descriptions were based on single specimens. Maddocks (1969) considered
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF8A356FFB2DFEC58BCBFEFD" authority="Scott" authorityName="Scott" box="[1243,1436,290,314]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Bairdia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="23" pageNumber="480" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inornata">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF8A356FFB2DFEC58B0CFEFD" box="[1243,1371,291,314]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="480">B. inornata</emphasis>
Scott
</taxonomicName>
to be a subjective synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF8A356FFE1CFEA08C07FE9A" box="[490,592,326,349]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Neonesidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="23" pageNumber="480" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenera">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF8A356FFE1CFEA08C07FE9A" box="[490,592,326,349]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="480">B. tenera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
because of the similar dimensions and provenance. The lack of information concerning population variation, dimorphism and soft anatomy limits assessment of the validity of identifications elsewhere.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B3767FF8A356FFF31FE4A8A46FDCE" blockId="23.[151,1436,151,1177]" pageId="23" pageNumber="480">
The Hawaiian specimens of
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF8A356FFDFFFE4B8C25FE03" box="[521,626,429,452]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Neonesidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="23" pageNumber="480" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenera">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF8A356FFDFFFE4B8C25FE03" box="[521,626,429,452]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="480">N. tenera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are larger than the dimensions given by Brady (1886) and Scott (1905) (
<figureCitation id="131F2BE2FF8A356FFF69FE298EA4FE20" box="[159,243,463,487]" captionStart="FIGURE 16. L – H" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1346,1369]" captionTargetBox="[170,1432,365,1302]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[151,1436,339,1325]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 16. L – H scatter plot for reported occurrences of Neonesidea tenera (Brady)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/221787/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="480">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
). The lateral outline has a more high-arched, symmetrically curving dorsal margin and a less exaggerated caudal process, and there are no conspicuous posteroventral marginal denticles.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B3767FF8A356FFF31FDF58B51FD71" blockId="23.[151,1436,151,1177]" pageId="23" pageNumber="480">
The Hawaiian population agrees closely in size and shape with specimens illustrated as
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF8A356FFB4DFDF28B69FDEB" box="[1211,1342,532,556]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Neonesidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="23" pageNumber="480" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF8A356FFB4DFDF28B69FDEB" box="[1211,1342,532,556]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="480">Neonesidea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A263560EFF8A356FFAB1FDF28BD2FDEC" box="[1351,1413,532,555]" pageId="23" pageNumber="480" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
1 from the Gulf of Aqaba by Bonaduce
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF8A356FFDB5FDD18C2CFD89" box="[579,635,566,590]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="480">et al.</emphasis>
(1983).
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF8A356FFD2DFDD18CB9FD89" box="[731,750,567,590]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="480">N</emphasis>
. n. sp. 1 appears to be slightly larger than
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF8A356FFB3AFDD18B62FD89" box="[1228,1333,567,590]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Neonesidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="23" pageNumber="480" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenera">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF8A356FFB3AFDD18B62FD89" box="[1228,1333,567,590]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="480">N. tenera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the
<typeStatus id="549F89C5FF8A356FFF61FDBF8E90FDB6" box="[151,199,601,625]" pageId="23" pageNumber="480">type</typeStatus>
locality but corresponds in many details (slightly caudate lateral outline, nearly straight ventral margin, delicately punctate surface, minutely denticulate posteroventral margin of LV, gently curved contours of the dorsal view). Their mention of
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF8A356FFE5FFD798C77FD71" box="[425,544,671,694]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="480">
N.?
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF8A356FFE2EFD798C77FD71" box="[472,544,671,694]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Neonesidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="23" pageNumber="480" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenera">tenera</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
in the same paper (not illustrated) may support this identification.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B3767FF8A356FFF31FD268DAAFCDA" blockId="23.[151,1436,151,1177]" pageId="23" pageNumber="480">
The Hawaiian population is about the same size as the specimen illustrated as
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF8A356FFBC3FD278AC9FD1F" box="[1077,1182,705,728]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Neonesidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="23" pageNumber="480" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenera">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF8A356FFBC3FD278AC9FD1F" box="[1077,1182,705,728]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="480">N. tenera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by Brady (1890) from
<collectingCountry id="F33377F7FF8A356FFF61FD058EB0FD3C" box="[151,231,739,763]" name="Samoa" pageId="23" pageNumber="480">Samoa</collectingCountry>
. The Hawaiian specimens have a slightly more arched dorsal margin, without distinct anterodorsal and posterodorsal angles, and lack conspicuous posteroventral marginal denticles.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B3767FF8A356FFF31FCCE8A2EFCA5" blockId="23.[151,1436,151,1177]" pageId="23" pageNumber="480">
Chapman (1902, p. 422) reported
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF8A356FFDB2FCCF8CFCFC87" box="[580,683,809,832]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Neonesidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="23" pageNumber="480" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenera">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF8A356FFDB2FCCF8CFCFC87" box="[580,683,809,832]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="480">B. tenera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from a dredging at 200 fathoms near Funafuti (
<collectingCountry id="F33377F7FF8A356FFB34FCCE8B43FC87" box="[1218,1300,808,832]" name="Tuvalu" pageId="23" pageNumber="480">Tuvalu</collectingCountry>
) but did not illustrate it. Hoibian
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF8A356FFE88FCAA8FE0FCA4" box="[382,439,843,867]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="480">et al.</emphasis>
(2002, not illustrated) cited
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF8A356FFD03FCAA8D5FFCA4" box="[757,776,844,867]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="480">N</emphasis>
. gr.
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF8A356FFCCCFCAA8D24FCA4" box="[826,883,844,867]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="480">tener</emphasis>
a from
<collectingCountry id="F33377F7FF8A356FFC32FCAD8A22FCA5" box="[964,1141,842,866]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="23" pageNumber="480">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B3767FF8A356FFF31FC8B8ADAFBC8" blockId="23.[151,1436,151,1177]" pageId="23" pageNumber="480">
The Hawaiian specimens are larger than those illustrated by Whatley &amp; Jones (1999) and Whatley
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF8A356FFAE5FC888B1CFC42" box="[1299,1355,877,901]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="480">et al.</emphasis>
(2000) from Easter
<collectingCountry id="F33377F7FF8A356FFEDEFC698F3BFC60" box="[296,364,911,935]" name="Iceland" pageId="23" pageNumber="480">Island</collectingCountry>
but similar in LV lateral outline and absence of posteroventral denticles. The illustrated RV (Whatley
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF8A356FFEFEFC558F15FC0D" box="[264,322,946,970]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="480">et al.</emphasis>
2000, pl. 2, fig. 3) has a more prolonged, acute-angled caudal process and probably belongs to a different species. The LV from Henderson
<collectingCountry id="F33377F7FF8A356FFD75FC328C90FC2B" box="[643,711,980,1004]" name="Iceland" pageId="23" pageNumber="480">Island</collectingCountry>
illustrated by Whatley &amp; Roberts (1995, fig. 1-1) has an acute caudal process, and the dimensions indicate that it may be a juvenile of a different species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B3767FF8A356FFF31FBFF8DB5FB5E" blockId="23.[151,1436,151,1177]" pageId="23" pageNumber="480">
Although Whatley
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF8A356FFE51FBFD8FB3FBF5" box="[423,484,1050,1074]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="480">et al.</emphasis>
(2000) had thousands of specimens, they provided dimensions only for the four illustrated specimens and did not analyze variation. Without explanation, they excluded Brady's (1890) identification from
<collectingCountry id="F33377F7FF8A356FFE87FBB98FEAFBB0" box="[369,445,1119,1143]" name="Samoa" pageId="23" pageNumber="480">Samoa</collectingCountry>
and did not mention Funafuti (Chapman 1902). No description or taxonomic evaluation was provided for the species, only the following enigmatic remarks (p. 85):
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B3767FF8A356FFF17FB278B1FFAD8" blockId="23.[225,1358,1217,1311]" pageId="23" pageNumber="480">
&quot;This is the most abundant species at Easter
<collectingCountry id="F33377F7FF8A356FFD0BFB278D12FB1E" box="[765,837,1217,1241]" name="Iceland" pageId="23" pageNumber="480">Island</collectingCountry>
. With its laterally compressed carapace and densely hirsute or punctate surface, it not [sic] difficult to recognise. The Easter
<collectingCountry id="F33377F7FF8A356FFB77FB028A92FB3B" box="[1153,1221,1252,1276]" name="Iceland" pageId="23" pageNumber="480">Island</collectingCountry>
population, despite its isolation, does not materially differ in size or shape from other populations of the species.&quot;
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B3767FF8A356FFF31FAAE8AD2FA0F" blockId="23.[151,1437,1352,2035]" pageId="23" pageNumber="480">
These remarks are somewhat misleading: All species of
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF8A356FFCBFFAAE8D9BFAA7" box="[841,972,1352,1376]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Neonesidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="23" pageNumber="480" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF8A356FFCBFFAAE8D9BFAA7" box="[841,972,1352,1376]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="480">Neonesidea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are hirsute, several species are punctate, and all species of the
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF8A356FFE65FA8A8C17FA44" box="[403,576,1387,1411]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Neonesidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="23" pageNumber="480" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pateriformis">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF8A356FFE65FA8A8C17FA44" box="[403,576,1387,1411]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="480">N. pateriformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species-group are strongly compressed. No populations (multiple adults of both sexes plus juveniles) have been documented for
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF8A356FFD08FA688D3FFA62" box="[766,872,1422,1445]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Neonesidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="23" pageNumber="480" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenera">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF8A356FFD08FA688D3FFA62" box="[766,872,1422,1445]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="480">N. tenera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
at any locality before now. We know little about sexual dimorphism, growth stages, individual variability, and regional trends in
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF8A356FFBE3FA578AD2FA0F" box="[1045,1157,1457,1480]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="480">
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF8A356FFBE3FA578AD6FA0F" box="[1045,1153,1457,1480]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Neonesidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="23" pageNumber="480" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenera">N. tenera</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B3767FF8A356FFF31FA348A42F9B2" blockId="23.[151,1437,1352,2035]" pageId="23" pageNumber="480">
The Hawaiian specimens are much larger than the supposed juveniles tentatively identified from Saint Peter and Saint Paul Rocks, central Atlantic Ocean (Antonietto
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF8A356FFCEAFA108D03F9CA" box="[796,852,1525,1549]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="480">et al.</emphasis>
2012). The SEM photos of the Saint Peter and Saint Paul specimens (kindly furnished by Dr. Claudia Pinto Machado) show recently dead, closed carapaces with abraded epicuticle, broken shafts of a few setae near the margins, and post-mortem boreholes. The lateral outline is similar to that of
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF8A356FFEAEF9B88F97F9B2" box="[344,448,1630,1653]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Neonesidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="23" pageNumber="480" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenera">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF8A356FFEAEF9B88F97F9B2" box="[344,448,1630,1653]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="480">N. tenera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
except for the slightly more angulate caudal process.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B3767FF8A356FFF31F9668FAEF835" blockId="23.[151,1437,1352,2035]" pageId="23" pageNumber="480">
The Hawaiian population of
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF8A356FFDF8F9678C2FF95F" box="[526,632,1665,1688]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Neonesidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="23" pageNumber="480" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenera">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF8A356FFDF8F9678C2FF95F" box="[526,632,1665,1688]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="480">N. tenera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has slightly larger carapace size than
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF8A356FFBDCF9678A80F95F" box="[1066,1239,1664,1688]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Neonesidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="23" pageNumber="480" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pateriformis">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF8A356FFBDCF9678A80F95F" box="[1066,1239,1664,1688]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="480">N. pateriformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
at
<collectingCountry id="F33377F7FF8A356FFB0DF9678B61F95E" box="[1275,1334,1665,1689]" name="Iceland" pageId="23" pageNumber="480">Nosy</collectingCountry>
Be (
<figureCitation id="131F2BE2FF8A356FFA98F9668EE1F97D" captionStart="FIGURE 17. L – H" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1273,1296]" captionTargetBox="[179,1422,298,1244]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[151,1436,267,1253]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 17. L – H scatter plot for species of the Neonesidea pateriformis species-group." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/221788/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="480">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
). It is less symmetrical in lateral outline, having a more broadly arched dorsal margin, a smooth (rather than denticulate) posteroventral margin, and a subtly caudate posterior end (rather than the smoothly curving, noncaudate termination of
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF8A356FFE16F90F8CC3F8C7" box="[480,660,1768,1792]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Neonesidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="23" pageNumber="480" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pateriformis">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF8A356FFE16F90F8CC3F8C7" box="[480,660,1768,1792]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="480">N. pateriformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). The Hawaiian specimens are apparently smooth, whereas
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF8A356FFA74F90F8F75F8E4" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Neonesidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="23" pageNumber="480" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pateriformis">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF8A356FFA74F90F8F75F8E4" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="480">N. pateriformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has numerous, small, shallow, regularly spaced puncta. Posteroventral marginal denticles are suspected but not clearly seen on the Hawaiian specimens of
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF8A356FFCB6F8C88DF9F882" box="[832,942,1838,1861]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="480">
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF8A356FFCB6F8C88DFDF882" box="[832,938,1838,1861]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Neonesidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="23" pageNumber="480" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenera">N. tenera</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
perhaps because of decalcification; they are present in
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF8A356FFEE7F8B78F97F8AF" box="[273,448,1872,1896]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Neonesidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="23" pageNumber="480" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pateriformis">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF8A356FFEE7F8B78F97F8AF" box="[273,448,1872,1896]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="480">N. pateriformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, although small and barely visible on some specimens. Polyfurcate or basally barbed carapace setae are present in both species, although more systematic documentation of this feature is needed. The hemipenis of
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF8A356FFECCF8708FFFF86A" box="[314,424,1942,1965]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Neonesidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="23" pageNumber="480" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenera">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF8A356FFECCF8708FFFF86A" box="[314,424,1942,1965]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="480">N. tenera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distinctive, having a broad, even, lamellar brim on the median segment, a longer copulatory tube, and a lobose, bluntly rounded terminal segment (rather than the sinuously tapering, flame-shaped termination of
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF8A356FFECBF83A8FBEF834" box="[317,489,2011,2035]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Neonesidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="23" pageNumber="480" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pateriformis">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF8A356FFECBF83A8FBEF834" box="[317,489,2011,2035]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="480">N. pateriformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B3767FF853560FF31FF718B33FEDE" blockId="24.[151,1437,151,1864]" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">
Maddocks (1969) reported other occurrences of
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF853560FCFAFF7F8DE9FF77" box="[780,958,152,176]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Neonesidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="24" pageNumber="481" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pateriformis">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF853560FCFAFF7F8DE9FF77" box="[780,958,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">N. pateriformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(without dimensions or illustrations) in collections from Ifalik Atoll (West
<collectingCountry id="F33377F7FF853560FDC2FF5D8CA7FF14" box="[564,752,187,211]" name="Micronesia" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">Caroline Islands</collectingCountry>
) and
<collectingCountry id="F33377F7FF853560FCC0FF5D8DF3FF14" box="[822,932,187,211]" name="Kenya" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">Mombasa</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingCountry id="F33377F7FF853560FC4EFF5D8A50FF14" box="[952,1031,187,211]" name="Kenya" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">Kenya</collectingCountry>
). Because of this apparently broad distribution, she placed Brady's (1890,
<collectingCountry id="F33377F7FF853560FD97FF388CF8FF31" box="[609,687,222,246]" name="Samoa" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">Samoa</collectingCountry>
) and Chapman's (1902, Funafuti) identifications of
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF853560FAE6FF398B2CFF31" box="[1296,1403,223,246]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Neonesidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="24" pageNumber="481" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenera">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF853560FAE6FF398B2CFF31" box="[1296,1403,223,246]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">B. tenera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in synonymy. This synonymy now appears unconvincing, and all of these identifications should be re-evaluated.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B3767FF853560FF31FEC38FF7FE0F" blockId="24.[151,1437,151,1864]" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF853560FF31FEC38F63FEFB" box="[199,308,293,316]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Neonesidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="24" pageNumber="481" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenera">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF853560FF31FEC38F63FEFB" box="[199,308,293,316]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">N. tenera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
resembles
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF853560FE4DFEC38F82FEFB" box="[443,469,293,316]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">N.</emphasis>
sp. CP of Maddocks (1995,
<collectingCountry id="F33377F7FF853560FCC7FEC38D3BFEFA" box="[817,876,293,317]" name="Iceland" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">Nosy</collectingCountry>
Be), which has a similarly compressed, faintly punctate to nearly smooth carapace, a weakly caudate lateral outline with nearly straight ventral margin, and no marginal denticles.
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF853560FE81FE8A8FDDFE44" box="[375,394,364,387]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">N</emphasis>
. sp. CP is much larger, however, and has more elongate proportions than
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF853560FB14FE8A8B1BFE44" box="[1250,1356,364,387]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Neonesidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="24" pageNumber="481" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenera">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF853560FB14FE8A8B1BFE44" box="[1250,1356,364,387]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">N. tenera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
at any locality. The nearly straight anteroventral and posteroventral margins and acute-angled caudal process of
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF853560FAC4FE698B12FE61" box="[1330,1349,399,422]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">N</emphasis>
. sp. CP may also be distinctive.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B3767FF853560FF31FE338DAAFDF5" blockId="24.[151,1437,151,1864]" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF853560FF31FE338F65FE2B" box="[199,306,469,492]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Neonesidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="24" pageNumber="481" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenera">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF853560FF31FE338F65FE2B" box="[199,306,469,492]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">N. tenera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is substantially smaller and smoother than
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF853560FCD3FE338D17FE2B" box="[805,832,469,492]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">N.</emphasis>
sp. 2 aff.
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF853560FC41FE328A16FE2B" box="[951,1089,468,492]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Neonesidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="24" pageNumber="481" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pateriformis">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF853560FC41FE328A16FE2B" box="[951,1089,468,492]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">pateriformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
of Cabioch
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF853560FB24FE338B5AFE2B" box="[1234,1293,468,492]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">et al.</emphasis>
(1986,
<collectingCountry id="F33377F7FF853560FA91FE338F59FDC8" name="New Caledonia" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
). The latter species corresponds closely to
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF853560FD0EFE1E8D5CFDC8" box="[760,779,504,527]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">N</emphasis>
. sp. CP in lateral outline but is much larger, with deeper, better defined surface puncta than
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF853560FDEFFDFD8C93FDF5" box="[537,708,538,562]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Neonesidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="24" pageNumber="481" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pateriformis">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF853560FDEFFDFD8C93FDF5" box="[537,708,538,562]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">N. pateriformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF853560FD1CFDFD8D05FDF5" box="[746,850,539,562]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Neonesidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="24" pageNumber="481" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenera">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF853560FD1CFDFD8D05FDF5" box="[746,850,539,562]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">N. tenera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
at any locality.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B3767FF853560FF31FDD88C4BFCC2" blockId="24.[151,1437,151,1864]" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF853560FF31FDD88F67FD92" box="[199,304,574,597]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Neonesidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="24" pageNumber="481" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenera">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF853560FF31FDD88F67FD92" box="[199,304,574,597]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">N. tenera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF853560FE31FDD88FB6FD92" box="[455,481,574,597]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">N.</emphasis>
sp. 1 of Gou (1990, South
<collectingCountry id="F33377F7FF853560FCE1FDDB8D0DFD92" box="[791,858,573,597]" name="China" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">China</collectingCountry>
Sea) by its smaller size and weakly caudate lateral outline.
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF853560FF05FD878F59FDBF" box="[243,270,609,632]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">N.</emphasis>
sp. 1 of Gou closely resembles
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF853560FD83FD878D76FDBF" box="[629,801,608,632]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Neonesidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="24" pageNumber="481" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pateriformis">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF853560FD83FD878D76FDBF" box="[629,801,608,632]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">N. pateriformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in lateral outline and proportions but is distinctly larger. The dorsal view (Gou, 1990, fig. 12b) is diamond-shaped, with greater medial thickness and more nearly straight anterior and posterior margins than
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF853560FDDEFD4E8CC6FD78" box="[552,657,680,703]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Neonesidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="24" pageNumber="481" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenera">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF853560FDDEFD4E8CC6FD78" box="[552,657,680,703]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">N. tenera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, easily distinguishable from the gentle curves shown by Bonaduce
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF853560FA7EFD4E8EE3FD25" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">et al.</emphasis>
(1983, fig. 4, fig. 9) and Brady (1890, pl. 1, fig. 12), though resembling the sketches by Brady (1886, pl. 39, fig. 14) and Scott (1905, pl. 1, fig. 12).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B3767FF853560FF31FCF78B4CFC3D" blockId="24.[151,1437,151,1864]" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF853560FF31FCF78F64FCEF" box="[199,307,785,808]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Neonesidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="24" pageNumber="481" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenera">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF853560FF31FCF78F64FCEF" box="[199,307,785,808]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">N. tenera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is easily distinguished by size and details of the hemipenis from several other species of the
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF853560FA74FCF78F75FC8C" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Neonesidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="24" pageNumber="481" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pateriformis">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF853560FA74FCF78F75FC8C" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">N. pateriformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species-group, which share the weakly caudate lateral outline, brown color, and feathered caudal setae.
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF853560FF28FCB18FDAFCA9" box="[222,397,854,878]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Neonesidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="24" pageNumber="481" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anfieldingae">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF853560FF28FCB18FDAFCA9" box="[222,397,854,878]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">N. anfieldingae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF853560FE30FCB18C02FCA9" box="[454,597,854,878]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Neonesidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="24" pageNumber="481" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lentiphila">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF853560FE30FCB18C02FCA9" box="[454,597,854,878]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">N. lentiphila</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Hartmann, 1984, Rangiroa) are much smaller than
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF853560FB5DFCB18B42FCA9" box="[1195,1301,855,878]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Neonesidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="24" pageNumber="481" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenera">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF853560FB5DFCB18B42FCA9" box="[1195,1301,855,878]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">N. tenera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, have more acute caudal angles, and have large posteroventral marginal denticles on both valves.
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF853560FB82FC9C8BCBFC56" authority="Hartmann" authorityName="Hartmann" box="[1140,1436,889,913]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Neonesidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="24" pageNumber="481" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maddocksae">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF853560FB82FC9C8B75FC56" box="[1140,1314,889,913]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">N. maddocksae</emphasis>
Hartmann
</taxonomicName>
(1974,
<collectingCountry id="F33377F7FF853560FF10FC7A8F2CFC73" box="[230,379,924,948]" name="Mozambique" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">Mozambique</collectingCountry>
) is about the same size but less compressed and has a much thicker, distally widened antennal hook.
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF853560FF12FC278FADFC10" authority="Maddocks" authorityName="Maddocks" box="[228,506,959,984]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Neonesidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="24" pageNumber="481" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manningi">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF853560FF12FC278F20FC1F" box="[228,375,961,984]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">N. manningi</emphasis>
Maddocks
</taxonomicName>
(1975,
<collectingCountry id="F33377F7FF853560FDA9FC598C83FC10" box="[607,724,959,983]" name="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">Ascension</collectingCountry>
<collectingCountry id="F33377F7FF853560FD14FC598D7FFC10" box="[738,808,959,983]" name="Iceland" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">Island</collectingCountry>
) is much smaller than
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF853560FBBAFC278AEAFC1F" box="[1100,1213,961,984]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Neonesidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="24" pageNumber="481" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenera">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF853560FBBAFC278AEAFC1F" box="[1100,1213,961,984]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">N. tenera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and smooth, with posteroventral denticles on the RV; the hemipenis has an ovate terminal segment with outer distal horn.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B3767FF853560FF31FBE38B58FB86" blockId="24.[151,1437,151,1864]" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF853560FF31FBE38F05FBD9" bold="true" box="[199,338,1029,1054]" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">Geography.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF853560FEADFBE18F92FBD9" box="[347,453,1031,1054]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Neonesidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="24" pageNumber="481" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenera">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF853560FEADFBE18F92FBD9" box="[347,453,1031,1054]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">N. tenera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
does not closely resemble any of the species described by Holden (1967, 1976) from Hawaii and
<collectingCountry id="F33377F7FF853560FEE8FBCF8F2AFB86" box="[286,381,1065,1089]" name="United States Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">Midway</collectingCountry>
. It is a first record for the
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF853560FD56FBCC8D1CFB86" box="[672,843,1065,1089]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Neonesidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="24" pageNumber="481" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pateriformis">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF853560FD56FBCC8D1CFB86" box="[672,843,1065,1089]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">N. pateriformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species-group for the Hawaiian Islands.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B3767FF853560FF31FBAA8D1BFB34" blockId="24.[151,1437,151,1864]" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">
The scarcity of
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF853560FE70FBAB8FA4FBA3" box="[390,499,1101,1124]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Neonesidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="24" pageNumber="481" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenera">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF853560FE70FBAB8FA4FBA3" box="[390,499,1101,1124]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">N. tenera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the
<typeStatus id="549F89C5FF853560FDA7FBAB8CD6FBA2" box="[593,641,1101,1125]" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">type</typeStatus>
region is noteworthy. The early descriptions were based on single specimens. It is not listed in numerous assemblages described in recent years from the east and west coasts of
<collectingCountry id="F33377F7FF853560FAADFB898BC0FB40" box="[1371,1431,1135,1159]" name="India" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">India</collectingCountry>
, the Gulf of Mannar, and the Andaman Islands. Although Whatley &amp; Jones (1999), Whatley (2000), and Whatley
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF853560FA7EFB758EE3FB09" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">et al.</emphasis>
(2000) described
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF853560FE89FB518FB0FB09" box="[383,487,1207,1230]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Neonesidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="24" pageNumber="481" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenera">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF853560FE89FB518FB0FB09" box="[383,487,1207,1230]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">N. tenera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as &quot;pandemic&quot; and &quot;widely distributed in the Indian Ocean,&quot; in actuality the species is unknown in the Indian Ocean south of the Gulf of Mannar1.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B3767FF853560FF31FAE68AB2FA9A" blockId="24.[151,1437,151,1864]" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF853560FF31FAE68EB6FAD0" box="[199,225,1280,1303]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">N.</emphasis>
n. sp. 1 of Bonaduce
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF853560FE21FAE68C47FAD1" box="[471,528,1278,1303]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">et al.</emphasis>
(1983) closely resembles
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF853560FCC1FAE68DF7FAD0" box="[823,928,1280,1303]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Neonesidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="24" pageNumber="481" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenera">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF853560FCC1FAE68DF7FAD0" box="[823,928,1280,1303]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">N. tenera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and may be conspecific, extending the range west to the Gulf of Aqaba. The reported occurrence of
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF853560FCDAFAC58DCEFAFD" box="[812,921,1315,1338]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Neonesidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="24" pageNumber="481" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenera">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF853560FCDAFAC58DCEFAFD" box="[812,921,1315,1338]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">N. tenera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the Java Sea (Whatley &amp; Roberts 1995, Antonietto
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF853560FEE3FAA08F19FA9A" box="[277,334,1349,1373]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">et al.</emphasis>
2012), while plausible, is based on a never-published M.S. thesis (Watson, 1988).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B3767FF853560FF31FA818AE4FA2E" blockId="24.[151,1437,151,1864]" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">
On the basis of the published carapace illustrations, the identifications of
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF853560FC0CFA8F8A34FA47" box="[1018,1123,1385,1408]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Neonesidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="24" pageNumber="481" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenera">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF853560FC0CFA8F8A34FA47" box="[1018,1123,1385,1408]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">N. tenera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
at
<collectingCountry id="F33377F7FF853560FB72FA818A87FAB8" box="[1156,1232,1383,1407]" name="Samoa" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">Samoa</collectingCountry>
(Brady 1890) and Easter
<collectingCountry id="F33377F7FF853560FF12FA6D8F7FFA64" box="[228,296,1419,1443]" name="Iceland" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">Island</collectingCountry>
(Whatley &amp; Jones 1999, Whatley
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF853560FD59FA6A8CBFFA64" box="[687,744,1419,1443]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">et al.</emphasis>
2000) are credible. The record at Henderson
<collectingCountry id="F33377F7FF853560FB1EFA6D8B7BFA64" box="[1256,1324,1419,1443]" name="Iceland" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">Island</collectingCountry>
(Whatley &amp; Roberts 1995) is less certain, and the species was not collected at
<collectingCountry id="F33377F7FF853560FC68FA488DA2FA01" box="[926,1013,1454,1478]" name="Pitcairn" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">Pitcairn</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F33377F7FF853560FBDAFA488A93FA01" box="[1068,1220,1454,1478]" name="Pitcairn" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">Oeno Islands</collectingCountry>
. The occurrence of
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF853560FF61FA348EA8FA2E" box="[151,255,1490,1513]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Neonesidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="24" pageNumber="481" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenera">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF853560FF61FA348EA8FA2E" box="[151,255,1490,1513]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">N. tenera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in
<collectingCountry id="F33377F7FF853560FED5FA378F37FA2E" box="[291,352,1489,1513]" name="Chile" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">Chile</collectingCountry>
(Antonietto
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF853560FE18FA348C70FA2E" box="[494,551,1489,1513]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">et al.</emphasis>
2012, contradicted by Whatley &amp; Jones 1999) is unlikely.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B3767FF853560FF31FA128B07F9B1" blockId="24.[151,1437,151,1864]" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">
The tentative identification of
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF853560FDB2FA138CE0F9CB" box="[580,695,1525,1548]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Neonesidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="24" pageNumber="481" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenera">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF853560FDB2FA138CE0F9CB" box="[580,695,1525,1548]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">N. tenera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the Atlantic Ocean (Antonietto
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF853560FB8FFA138AEBF9CB" box="[1145,1212,1524,1548]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">et al.</emphasis>
2012) suggests a circumtropical distribution, although at present no representatives of this species-group are known in West Africa, the Caribbean, and the tropical East Pacific. It is intriguing that
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF853560FC6CF9DA8A7DF994" box="[922,1066,1596,1619]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Neonesidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="24" pageNumber="481" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manningi">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF853560FC6CF9DA8A7DF994" box="[922,1066,1596,1619]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">N. manningi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, at another mid-Atlantic island (
<collectingCountry id="F33377F7FF853560FF68F9B88F4EF9B1" box="[158,281,1630,1654]" name="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">Ascension</collectingCountry>
), also has small carapace size. Perhaps small size favors survival on isolated, wave-swept rocks.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B3767FF853560FF31F9668C00F88F" blockId="24.[151,1437,151,1864]" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">
The Indo-Pacific occurrences of
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF853560FDB4F9648CF9F95E" box="[578,686,1666,1689]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Neonesidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="24" pageNumber="481" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenera">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF853560FDB4F9648CF9F95E" box="[578,686,1666,1689]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">N. tenera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
spread across at least 3 and maybe 5 of the 13 zoogeographical provinces in the classification by Titterton &amp;Whatley (1888b, text-fig. 1). This is a broad and somewhat spotty distribution, as the species has not yet been recognized in numerous assemblages at intervening localities. Perhaps these conspicuous gaps result in part from insufficient sampling of high-energy, hard-bottom habitats. Most faunal collecting for Ostracoda is based on sediment samples collected by dredging or coring. The diversity of Ostracoda on hard substrates is less well surveyed.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9B3767FF853560FF61F8478D36F836" blockId="24.[151,1436,1953,2033]" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">
1. Munef
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF853560FEF8F8448F16F870" box="[270,321,1954,1975]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">et al.</emphasis>
(2012, p. 154, Pl. 1, figs. 10–11) identified
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF853560FD03F8448D07F870" box="[757,848,1954,1975]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Neonesidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="24" pageNumber="481" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenera">
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF853560FD03F8448D07F870" box="[757,848,1954,1975]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">N. tenera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from shallow marine sediments along the northern coast of
<collectingCountry id="F33377F7FF853560FF31F8598F47F813" box="[199,272,1983,2004]" name="Yemen" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">Socotra</collectingCountry>
<collectingCountry id="F33377F7FF853560FEEEF8598F02F813" box="[280,341,1983,2004]" name="Iceland" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">Island</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F33377F7FF853560FE97F8598FF3F813" box="[353,420,1983,2004]" name="Yemen" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">Yemen</collectingCountry>
(east of the horn of Africa in the northwestern Indian Ocean). This occurrence should be added to the synonymy and geographic distribution described above for
<emphasis id="B950EB75FF853560FCF7F83A8D36F836" box="[769,865,2012,2033]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="481">
<taxonomicName id="4C244CE4FF853560FCF7F83A8D0AF836" box="[769,861,2012,2033]" class="Ostracoda" family="Bairdiidae" genus="Neonesidea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Podocopida" pageId="24" pageNumber="481" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenera">N. tenera</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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