152 lines
12 KiB
XML
152 lines
12 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.472.8781" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ad9fadb9-dae2-4d9e-99ac-18720e54e2fa" ID-PMC="PMC4304033" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-472-117" ID-PubMed="25632252" ID-ZBK="F9D10185A581424093C1B35A960F5F88" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2015" ModsDocID="1313-2970-472-117" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 472" ModsDocTitle="Discovery of an unknown diversity of Leucinodes species damaging Solanaceae fruits in sub-Saharan Africa and moving in trade (Insecta, Lepidoptera, Pyraloidea)" checkinTime="1451244827731" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Mally, Richard, Korycinska, Anastasia, Agassiz, David J. L., Hall, Jayne, Hodgetts, Jennifer & Nuss, Matthias" docDate="2015" docId="1C587A47729A1C75AE1DA3813CBAFD2C" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 472: 117-162" docOrigin="ZooKeys 472" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.472.8781" docTitle="Leucinodes malawiensis Mally, Korycinska, Agassiz, Hall, Hodgetts & Nuss, 2015, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="FECB8543-F50F-4CB3-A3D7-5C9ABAA3D9CC" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="135" masterDocId="FFE27F4AFFB0563AFFFBFF814072DA71" masterDocTitle="Discovery of an unknown diversity of Leucinodes species damaging Solanaceae fruits in sub-Saharan Africa and moving in trade (Insecta, Lepidoptera, Pyraloidea)" masterLastPageNumber="162" masterPageNumber="117" pageNumber="133" updateTime="1668159804888" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Discovery of an unknown diversity of Leucinodes species damaging Solanaceae fruits in sub-Saharan Africa and moving in trade (Insecta, Lepidoptera, Pyraloidea)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Mally, Richard</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Korycinska, Anastasia</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Agassiz, David J. L.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Hall, Jayne</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Hodgetts, Jennifer</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Nuss, Matthias</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2015</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>472</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>117</mods:start>
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<mods:end>162</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.472.8781</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.472.8781</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-472-117</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">F9D10185A581424093C1B35A960F5F88</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">F9D10185A581424093C1B35A960F5F88</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152057699" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:FECB8543-F50F-4CB3-A3D7-5C9ABAA3D9CC" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1C587A47729A1C75AE1DA3813CBAFD2C" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="135" pageId="16" pageNumber="133">
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<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="133" type="multiple">
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="133">Taxon classification Animalia Lepidoptera Crambidae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="133" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="133">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/FECB8543-F50F-4CB3-A3D7-5C9ABAA3D9CC" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Leucinodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leucinodes malawiensis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="malawiensis">Leucinodes malawiensis</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="16" pageNumber="133">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 6, 19
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="133" type="type-locality">
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="133">Type-locality.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="133">
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Malawi, Central Region, Lilongwe District, Ntchisi Forest Reserve, 1560 m,
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-13.316662">13°18.99972'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="34.049988">34°02.99934'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 18 February 2004, L. Aarvik leg.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="133" type="material examined">
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="133">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="133">Type-specimen. Holotype ♂ "MALAWI Central | Region, Lilongwe District: | Ntchisi Forest Reserve | 1560 m 18. ii. 2004 | leg. L. Aarvik", DNA voucher SMTD Lep1617, prep. RM683 (NHMO).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="133" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="133">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="133">
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Distinguished from the other
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Leucinodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leucinodes" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Leucinodes</taxonomicName>
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species by the dark, straight-framed forewing base and the absence of the subapical mark of the forewing termen. The male genitalia are similar to those of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Leucinodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leucinodes ethiopica" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ethiopica">Leucinodes ethiopica</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Leucinodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leucinodes ugandensis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="133" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ugandensis">Leucinodes ugandensis</taxonomicName>
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, but are distinct in the long spinoid process of the posterior phallus apodeme.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="134" pageId="16" pageNumber="133" type="description of adults">
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="133">Description of adults.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="133">Head. As for the genus, with frons flat.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="133">Thorax. As for the genus, with dorsal side brown.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="134" pageId="16" pageNumber="133">
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Wings. Forewing length ♂ 8.5 mm; forewing base dark brown, its outer margin a straight diagonal line from the costa to the maculation of the central hind margin, a triangular patch leading lateroposteriad from the costa with the costal half reddish-brown and the central tip white; outer median area with a faint brownish transverse
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<pageBreakToken pageId="17" pageNumber="134" start="start">streak</pageBreakToken>
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; subterminal line indistinct except subapical thickening; apex white; hindwing antemedial line indistinct; dark discal spot; postmedial line clear at costal margin, fading out posteriad; anterior distal area with a faint brownish transverse streak; terminal wing veins dark-spotted.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="134">Abdomen. Pale ochreous, first abdominal segment white, terminal segments brown.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="134">Male genitalia. As for the genus, apart from: saccus elongated, U-shaped; juxta short, oval, twice as broad as long; valvae slender, tapering towards the dorsad bent apex; fibula small, triangular, oriented ventrad; sacculus process absent; phallus with a spinoid posteriad sclerotization emerging from the ventroposterior apodeme.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="134">Female genitalia. Unknown.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="134" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="134">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="134">Latinized malawiensis from the country Malawi where the holotype originates.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="134" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="134">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="134">Malawi.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="134" type="foodplants">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="134">Foodplants.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="134">Unknown.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="135" pageId="17" pageNumber="134" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="134">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="135">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Leucinodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leucinodes malawiensis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="135" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="malawiensis">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="18" pageNumber="135" start="start">Leucinodes</pageBreakToken>
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malawiensis
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</taxonomicName>
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resembles species of the Neotropical genus
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Neoleucinodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neoleucinodes" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="135" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Neoleucinodes</taxonomicName>
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Capps, 1948: It shares the prominent diagonal line in the forewing base with
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Neoleucinodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neoleucinodes dissolvens" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="135" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dissolvens">Neoleucinodes dissolvens</taxonomicName>
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(Dyar, 1914), but lacks the long, sabre-like cornutus in the phallus. The absence of the half moon-shaped pattern at the anterior half of the
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<normalizedToken originalValue="forewing’s">forewing's</normalizedToken>
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outer margin is also found in
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Proleucinodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Proleucinodes" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="135" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Proleucinodes</taxonomicName>
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Capps, 1948. In the COI Barcode Neighbor Joining tree
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Leucinodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leucinodes malawiensis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="135" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="malawiensis">Leucinodes malawiensis</taxonomicName>
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clusters with
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Neoleucinodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Neoleucinodes" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="135" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Neoleucinodes</taxonomicName>
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, but is weakly supported with 50% Bootstrap support.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |