236 lines
33 KiB
XML
236 lines
33 KiB
XML
<document id="A41D66A689EDE7C2E5E500F7DF835400" ID-CLB-Dataset="30292" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4407.3.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="2f717d39-95db-4cc9-b2b9-3a4cbbad7bdb" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1216572" ID-ZooBank="3EAD0232-F7FD-464F-850E-1E73F1EEBB3C" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1523434885198" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Rédei, Dávid & Tsai, Jing-Fu" docDate="2018" docId="03D687A4FF9CFFAD48BA9CEDFB78E4D1" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4407.3.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4407 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Graptophara Stal 1865" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="348" masterDocId="FFEFFFDCFF9DFFAF482D9E60FF84E020" masterDocTitle="A revision of Graptophara (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Scutelleridae)" masterLastPageNumber="360" masterPageNumber="346" pageNumber="347" updateTime="1698536019761" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||
<mods:mods id="602A0A8DC017A26538D33C9EE9C15C90" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="0B53AB9A760B668DDA0EA6147CF6758A">
|
||
<mods:title id="8E4BEAEF760381292F5587810ABF7DDA">A revision of Graptophara (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Scutelleridae)</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="4A236BFDBDBCEB34A05B3378994D2CA2" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="720FBC283A220EF6F5EF43AF8C784A83">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="8ABCFE3A48BF05F0AE81BF0FE94B4FBA">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="4B2477275B19B1E3711C61F141CD70EC">Rédei, Dávid</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="3E751A865F4525407316DEC3BF0707A6" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="686F90C7FF8D0604DF4A4D32D9C16D97">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="85290CACE18C95378E3F7334C7B72440">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="792F5D9068F7FC1FA8CD4EC7EDFDEC81">Tsai, Jing-Fu</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="A22C34D8D02277D40B422D3AB33791FF">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="A16E844AF70CB0F7AE63A6D22C01113E" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="6CD0EF60EE9A52EE433BDCF47E893020">
|
||
<mods:title id="1A46D3BD725B0ECEE22F6238CA04CDC0">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="9770B7078795E2620F0E8776C4B88F6D">
|
||
<mods:date id="73667E090561A3DA446829711E79FF03">2018</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="761BF2B6B7A93EEF80D4C7C23ECCF700" type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number id="C6C9F0160782FCD832AFC9FC3C78BD0E">2018-04-11</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="7EF3259E13FC48DA96645F918C0A26C9" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="89D6F65439F8DCCE70C0CB3F57EF13BF">4407</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="CBA26B9A1445A5675EDEE019892FDBEA" type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number id="301B209B2C785099C849F1B9D55C9F8F">3</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="8E6C5B31DAE51F14979081F258830D89" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="8D252735050B26695E3EFA3344080DB7">346</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="13EA935EF6754334ECDEC50CCDF13576">360</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:classification id="DBE9020680E9FF6DD9A93E3E0124D870">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="EFC19A52F49F2F80D37816704CF48732" type="CLB-Dataset">30292</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="3D75F6940380F7D276616FEDD1A4F7D5" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4407.3.3</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="2E31163CC502C8E996F4BB6DAED32672" type="GBIF-Dataset">2f717d39-95db-4cc9-b2b9-3a4cbbad7bdb</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="2978DB65B7276FDEFB5E5C7633D4A61D" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="EFD92EF42349E46AF6F60717CBBD5BD8" type="Zenodo-Dep">1216572</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="BEC6769EB05AE0A88BFF5BA28D48E752" type="ZooBank">3EAD0232-F7FD-464F-850E-1E73F1EEBB3C</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="03D687A4FF9CFFAD48BA9CEDFB78E4D1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5951485" ID-GBIF-Taxon="143536691" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5951485" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D687A4FF9CFFAD48BA9CEDFB78E4D1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D687A4FF9CFFAD48BA9CEDFB78E4D1" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="348" pageId="1" pageNumber="347">
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3656539FF9CFFAE48BA9CEDFE37E287" box="[151,435,653,679]" pageId="1" pageNumber="347" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC036B2FF9CFFAE48BA9CEDFE37E287" blockId="1.[151,435,653,679]" box="[151,435,653,679]" pageId="1" pageNumber="347">
|
||
<heading id="D08881DEFF9CFFAE48BA9CEDFE37E287" bold="true" box="[151,435,653,679]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="347" reason="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7F4D31FF9CFFAE48BA9CEDFE37E287" authority="Stal, 1865" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1865" box="[151,435,653,679]" class="Insecta" genus="Graptophara" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="347" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90BEAA0FF9CFFAE48BA9CEDFE37E287" bold="true" box="[151,435,653,679]" pageId="1" pageNumber="347">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90BEAA0FF9CFFAE48BA9CEDFEB0E287" bold="true" box="[151,308,653,679]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="347">Graptophara</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEE4B43FF9CFFAE49179CEDFE37E287" box="[314,435,653,679]" pageId="1" pageNumber="347" refId="ref8453" refString="Stal, C. (1865) Hemiptera Africana. Tomus Primus. Norstedtiana, Holmiae [= Stockholm], iv + 256 pp. [1864]" type="book">Stål, 1865</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3656539FF9CFFAE48BA9CB4FECFE382" pageId="1" pageNumber="347" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC036B2FF9CFFAE48BA9CB4FE84E328" blockId="1.[151,1436,724,776]" pageId="1" pageNumber="347">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB6F119CFF9CFFAE48BA9CB4FE84E328" pageId="1" pageNumber="347">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7F4D31FF9CFFAE48BA9CB4FE33E2CA" authority="Stal, 1865: 34" authorityName="Stal" authorityPageNumber="34" authorityYear="1865" box="[151,439,724,746]" class="Insecta" genus="Graptophara" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="347" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90BEAA0FF9CFFAE48BA9CB4FE99E2CA" box="[151,285,724,746]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="347">Graptophara</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0ADE10A3FF9CFFAE49099CB4FE33E2CA" author="" box="[292,439,724,746]" page="34" pageId="1" pageNumber="347">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEE4B43FF9CFFAE49099CB4FE14E2CA" box="[292,400,724,746]" pageId="1" pageNumber="347" refId="ref8453" refString="Stal, C. (1865) Hemiptera Africana. Tomus Primus. Norstedtiana, Holmiae [= Stockholm], iv + 256 pp. [1864]" type="book">Stål, 1865</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 34
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Type species by subsequent monotypy (
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0ADE10A3FF9CFFAE4B769CB4FC73E2CA" author="" box="[859,1015,724,746]" page="155" pageId="1" pageNumber="347">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEE4B43FF9CFFAE4B769CB4FC73E2CA" box="[859,1015,724,746]" pageId="1" pageNumber="347" refId="ref8482" refString="Stal, C. (1866) Analecta hemipterologica. Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift, 10 (1 - 3), 151 - 172. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 61896" type="journal article">Stål 1866: 155</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
):
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7F4D31FF9CFFAE4C279CB4FF79E328" authority="Guerin-Meneville, 1834" authorityName="Guerin-Meneville" authorityYear="1834" class="Insecta" family="Scutelleridae" genus="Scutellera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="347" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reynaudii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90BEAA0FF9CFFAE4C279CB4FB5CE2CA" box="[1034,1240,724,746]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="347">Scutellera reynaudii</emphasis>
|
||
Guérin-Méneville, 1834
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC036B2FF9CFFAE48BA9D50FECFE382" blockId="1.[151,1436,816,930]" pageId="1" pageNumber="347">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB6F119CFF9CFFAE48BA9D50FECFE382" pageId="1" pageNumber="347">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7F4D31FF9CFFAE48BA9D50FE5EE366" authority=": Mayr (1866: 18)" authorityName=": Mayr" authorityPageNumber="18" authorityYear="1866" box="[151,474,816,838]" class="Insecta" genus="Graptophara" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="347" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90BEAA0FF9CFFAE48BA9D50FE99E366" box="[151,285,816,838]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="347">Graptophara</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0ADE10A3FF9CFFAE49009D51FE5EE366" author="" box="[301,474,816,838]" page="18" pageId="1" pageNumber="347">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEE4B43FF9CFFAE49009D51FE5EE366" box="[301,474,816,838]" pageId="1" pageNumber="347" refId="ref8214" refString="Mayr, G. L. (1866) Hemiptera. In: Reise der Osterreichischen Freggate Novara um die Erde in den Jahren 1857, 1858, 1859, Zoologischer Teil, Bd. II, Abth. 1, pp. 1 - 204, 5 pls." type="journal article">Mayr (1866: 18)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(in key),
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0ADE10A3FF9CFFAE4A689D50FD6AE366" author="" box="[581,750,816,838]" page="155" pageId="1" pageNumber="347">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEE4B43FF9CFFAE4A689D50FD6AE366" box="[581,750,816,838]" pageId="1" pageNumber="347" refId="ref8482" refString="Stal, C. (1866) Analecta hemipterologica. Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift, 10 (1 - 3), 151 - 172. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 61896" type="journal article">Stål (1866: 155)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C48810FF9CFFAE4AD29D50FCA8E366" box="[767,812,816,838]" pageId="1" pageNumber="347">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species),
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEE4B43FF9CFFAE4BBA9D50FBD4E366" box="[919,1104,816,838]" pageId="1" pageNumber="347" refId="ref8521" refString="Stal, C. (1873) Enumeratio Hemipterorum. Bidrag till en forteckning ofver alla hittills kanda Hemiptera, jemte systematiska meddelanden. 3. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar, N. S., 11 (2), 1 - 163." type="journal article">Stål (1873: 9, 22)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(in key, synopsis),
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0ADE10A3FF9CFFAE4D0D9D50FE00E344" author="" page="29" pageId="1" pageNumber="347">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEE4B43FF9CFFAE4D0D9D50FE00E344" pageId="1" pageNumber="347" refId="ref8127" refString="Lethierry, L. & Severin, G. (1893) Catalogue general des Hemipteres. Tome I. Heteropteres, Pentatomidae. F. Hayez, Bruxelles, x + 286 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 15830" type="book">Lethierry & Severin (1893: 29)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(catalogue),
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEE4B43FF9CFFAE4A249D2EFC90E344" box="[521,788,846,868]" pageId="1" pageNumber="347" refId="ref8403" refString="Schouteden, H. (1904) Heteroptera, fam. Pentatomidae, subfam. Scutellerinae. In: Wytsman, P. (Ed.), Genera Insectorum. Fasc. 24. Verteneuil & Desmet, Bruxelles, pp. 1 - 98, 5 pls." type="journal article">Schouteden (1904: 16, 26)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(in key, redescription, catalogue),
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEE4B43FF9CFFAE4C5E9D2EFA1FE344" box="[1139,1435,846,868]" pageId="1" pageNumber="347" refId="ref8078" refString="Kirkaldy, G. W. (1909) Catalogue of the Hemiptera (Heteroptera) with biological and anatomical references, lists of foodplants and parasites, etc. Vol. I. Cimicidae. F. L. Dames, Berlin, xl + 392 pp." type="book">Kirkaldy (1909: XXXV, 301)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C48810FF9CFFAE48E39D0DFF7FE3A3" box="[206,251,877,899]" pageId="1" pageNumber="347">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species, catalogue),
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0ADE10A3FF9CFFAE49CB9D0DFD24E3A3" author="" box="[486,672,877,899]" page="150" pageId="1" pageNumber="347">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEE4B43FF9CFFAE49CB9D0DFD24E3A3" box="[486,672,877,899]" pageId="1" pageNumber="347" refId="ref8176" refString="Lyal, C. H. C. (1979) A review of the genus Calliphara Germar, 1839 (Hemiptera: Scutelleridae). Zoologische Mededelingen, 54 (12), 149 - 181." type="journal article">Lyal (1979: 150)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(morphology),
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0ADE10A3FF9CFFAE4B7C9D0DFBBBE3A3" author="" box="[849,1087,877,899]" page="24" pageId="1" pageNumber="347">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEE4B43FF9CFFAE4B7C9D0DFB95E3A3" box="[849,1041,877,899]" pageId="1" pageNumber="347" refId="ref8685" refString="Tsai, J. F., Redei, D., Yeh, G. F. & Yang, M. M. (2011) Jewel bugs of Taiwan (Heteroptera: Scutelleridae). National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 309 pp." type="book">
|
||
Tsai
|
||
<emphasis id="B90BEAA0FF9CFFAE4BA49D0EFC41E3A3" box="[905,965,877,899]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="347">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2011
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 24
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, 57, 62) (diagnostic characters, distribution).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3656539FF9CFFAE48BA9DAEFD29E527" pageId="1" pageNumber="347" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC036B2FF9CFFAE48BA9DAEFD29E527" blockId="1.[151,1437,974,2007]" pageId="1" pageNumber="347">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90BEAA0FF9CFFAE48BA9DAEFE95E3C7" bold="true" box="[151,273,974,999]" pageId="1" pageNumber="347">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
Diagnosed within
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7F4D31FF9CFFAE49CB9DAEFDFCE3C7" authorityName="Leach" authorityYear="1815" box="[486,632,974,999]" class="Insecta" family="Scutelleridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="347" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Scutellerinae">Scutellerinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the following combination of characters of the exoskeleton: dorsum glabrous; lateral margin of head deeply emarginate anteriad to eyes; basipedicellite relatively long, about 0.5–1.0 times as long as distipedicellite; metathoracic scent gland ostiole provided with an elongate and wide peritreme (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13442A37FF9CFFAE48B29A5AFF71E473" box="[159,245,1082,1107]" captionStart="FIGURES 15–28" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1784,1806]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,194,1733]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,193,1763]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 15–28. Graptophara spp., diagnostic characters. 15–20, G. reynaudii (Guérin-Méneville, 1834); 21–28, G. anomala sp. nov. Terminalia of male, lateral (15, 23) and ventral (16, 24) views; genital capsule, dorsal (17, 25), posterodorsal (18) and posterior (26) views, left paramere removed; left paramere, two different aspects (19–20, 27–28); head and anterior portion of pronotum, lateral view (21); left pterothoracic pleuron, most exposed view (evaporatorium densely dotted) (22). Scales in mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1216580/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="347">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
|
||
); lateral margin of abdomen simple, not explanate, not tumescent, completely concealed by scutellum in dorsal view, lateral angles of abdominal ventrites III–VI unarmed. Additional genital characters useful for recognition of the genus include the lack of extensive setal patches on the genital capsule; conjunctiva being provided with two pairs of processes (cp-II and cp-III), cp-II being composed by a broadened, sclerotized, shieldlike body and three branches; aedeagus being provided with a highly elevated dorsal lump; and a spermathecal dilation of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7F4D31FF9CFFAE493F9A8FFEE1E526" authorityName="Amyot & Serville" authorityYear="1843" box="[274,357,1263,1286]" class="Insecta" family="Scutelleridae" genus="Cantao" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="347" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90BEAA0FF9CFFAE493F9A8FFEE1E526" box="[274,357,1263,1286]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="347">Cantao</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
type (sensu
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEE4B43FF9CFFAE49DC9A8EFD25E527" box="[497,673,1262,1287]" pageId="1" pageNumber="347" refId="ref8685" refString="Tsai, J. F., Redei, D., Yeh, G. F. & Yang, M. M. (2011) Jewel bugs of Taiwan (Heteroptera: Scutelleridae). National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 309 pp." type="book">
|
||
Tsai
|
||
<emphasis id="B90BEAA0FF9CFFAE4A0B9A8FFDDAE527" box="[550,606,1262,1287]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="347">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2011
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3656539FF9CFFAD48EA9B72FF57E488" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="348" pageId="1" pageNumber="347" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC036B2FF9CFFAE48EA9B72FE22E623" blockId="1.[151,1437,974,2007]" pageId="1" pageNumber="347">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90BEAA0FF9CFFAE48EA9B72FEF0E50B" bold="true" box="[199,372,1298,1323]" pageId="1" pageNumber="347">Redescription.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="B90BEAA0FF9CFFAE49519B72FE32E50B" box="[380,438,1298,1323]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="347">Body</emphasis>
|
||
medium to relatively large (
|
||
<quantity id="4C879B57FF9CFFAE4AD69B73FCFEE50B" box="[763,890,1299,1323]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="1" pageNumber="347" unit="mm" value="17.0" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="14.0">14–20 mm</quantity>
|
||
), elongate oval, about 1.85–2.0 times as long as humeral width, moderately convex dorsally and ventrally; dorsal outline of body distinctly excised between base of scutellum and base of pronotum in lateral view.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90BEAA0FF9CFFAE4A929B3AFC72E553" box="[703,1014,1370,1395]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="347">Body surface and vestiture.</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsum with metallic iridescence or partly dull; body glabrous, smooth, head, pronotum (except of anterior collar and transverse furrow), and basal tumescence of scutellum virtually unpunctured, scutellum densely punctured in its anterior half but lacking punctures posteriorly; legs with short, semierect to erect pilosity; scape with sparse, pedicel and flagellum with short and dense pilosity.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC036B2FF9CFFAE48EA986EFD90E6DE" blockId="1.[151,1437,974,2007]" pageId="1" pageNumber="347">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90BEAA0FF9CFFAE48EA986EFE80E607" box="[199,260,1550,1575]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="347">Head</emphasis>
|
||
weakly convex, moderately declivous; lateral margin deeply emarginate anteriad to eyes, obtuse; clypeus elevated subapically, reaching to or slightly surpassing apices of mandibular plates; buccula unarmed; eyes large, globular, strongly protruding laterally; ocelli large, situated slightly posteriad of level of posterior margin of eyes.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90BEAA0FF9CFFAE48BA981BFF71E6B2" box="[151,245,1659,1682]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="347">Antenna</emphasis>
|
||
five-segmented, apex of scape remote from or reaching apex of head, basipedicellite relatively long (about 0.5–1.0 times as long as distipedicellite); scape and basipedicellite subcylindrical (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7F4D31FF9CFFAE4C1C98FFFB35E697" authorityName="Rédei & Tsai" authorityYear="2018" box="[1073,1201,1694,1719]" class="Insecta" genus="Graptophara" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="347" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anomala">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90BEAA0FF9CFFAE4C1C98FFFBC6E696" box="[1073,1090,1695,1718]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="347">G</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90BEAA0FF9CFFAE4C6298FEFB35E697" box="[1103,1201,1694,1719]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="347">anomala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) or slightly flattened (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7F4D31FF9CFFAE488D98A3FEAEE6FB" authorityName="Guerin-Meneville" authorityYear="1834" box="[160,298,1730,1755]" class="Insecta" family="Scutelleridae" genus="Scutellera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="347" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reynaudii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90BEAA0FF9CFFAE488D98A3FEAEE6FB" box="[160,298,1730,1755]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="347">G. reynaudii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), distipedicellite and flagellomeres flattened.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90BEAA0FF9CFFAE4B1F98A2FC03E6FB" box="[818,903,1730,1755]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="347">Labium</emphasis>
|
||
surpassing base of abdomen but not extending posteriad of middle of ventrite IV.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC036B2FF9CFFAD48EA996CFEDAE1A8" blockId="1.[151,1437,974,2007]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1436,151,1265]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="348" pageId="1" pageNumber="347">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90BEAA0FF9CFFAE48EA996CFEB9E703" box="[199,317,1804,1827]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="347">Pronotum.</emphasis>
|
||
Anterior margin with narrow but distinct, depressed anterior collar; cicatrices distinct, somewhat depressed; lateral margin concave, distinctly explanate; humeral angle rounded, posterior abrupt termination of lateral carina appears as a more or less distinct denticle at humeral angle; posterior margin nearly straight; posterolateral angle broadly angulate.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90BEAA0FF9CFFAE4A649916FD33E7AF" box="[585,695,1910,1935]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="347">Scutellum</emphasis>
|
||
broad, partly covering exocorium, leaving only its costal margin exposed in its total length; basal tumescence rather distinct, abruptly declivous anteriorly, weakly demarcated posteriorly, apically broadly rounded or somewhat truncate. Membrane narrowly exposed beyond apex of scutellum at rest.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90BEAA0FF9FFFAD49769EF7FD09E090" box="[347,653,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="348">Thoracic pleura and sterna</emphasis>
|
||
. Anterior explanate part of proepisternum weakly projecting anteriad; mesosternum with a shallow median furrow bordered by a pair of low and short submedian carinae anteriorly, posterior part of mesosternum as well as metasternum with insignificant median furrow; metathoracic scent gland ostiole provided with an elongate and wide peritreme reaching or slightly surpassing middle of metapleurite, evaporatorium widely extending to mesopleuron (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13442A37FF9FFFAD4AFF9F47FCADE160" box="[722,809,295,320]" captionStart="FIGURES 15–28" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1784,1806]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,194,1733]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,193,1763]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 15–28. Graptophara spp., diagnostic characters. 15–20, G. reynaudii (Guérin-Méneville, 1834); 21–28, G. anomala sp. nov. Terminalia of male, lateral (15, 23) and ventral (16, 24) views; genital capsule, dorsal (17, 25), posterodorsal (18) and posterior (26) views, left paramere removed; left paramere, two different aspects (19–20, 27–28); head and anterior portion of pronotum, lateral view (21); left pterothoracic pleuron, most exposed view (evaporatorium densely dotted) (22). Scales in mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1216580/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="348">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="B90BEAA0FF9FFFAD4B129F49FCF0E160" box="[831,884,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="348">Legs</emphasis>
|
||
without peculiarities; femora not conspicuously thickened, unarmed; dorsal surface of tibiae each with a wide longitudinal furrow in its distal two-thirds (
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D79FD3BFF9FFFAD4D709F2CFAF7E144" box="[1373,1395,332,356]" pageId="2" pageNumber="348" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
) or whole length (
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D79FD3BFF9FFFAD49179F10FEC9E1A8" box="[314,333,368,392]" pageId="2" pageNumber="348" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC036B2FF9FFFAD48EA9FF4FF57E488" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,1265]" pageId="2" pageNumber="348">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90BEAA0FF9FFFAD48EA9FF4FE36E18D" box="[199,434,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="348">Pregenital abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
completely concealed by scutellum in dorsal view; without impression or furrow ventrally; lateral margin obtuse, posterolateral angles of ventrites III–VI unarmed, those of ventrite VII weakly produced into a blunt tubercle.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90BEAA0FF9FFFAD4A3F9FBCFCA9E1D5" box="[530,813,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="348">External male genitalia.</emphasis>
|
||
Genital capsule subquadrate in dorsal view, distally depressed at meson, with ventral outline deeply concave in lateral view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13442A37FF9FFFAD4BC09F9FFBF8E238" box="[1005,1148,511,536]" captionStart="FIGURES 15–28" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1784,1806]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,194,1733]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,193,1763]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 15–28. Graptophara spp., diagnostic characters. 15–20, G. reynaudii (Guérin-Méneville, 1834); 21–28, G. anomala sp. nov. Terminalia of male, lateral (15, 23) and ventral (16, 24) views; genital capsule, dorsal (17, 25), posterodorsal (18) and posterior (26) views, left paramere removed; left paramere, two different aspects (19–20, 27–28); head and anterior portion of pronotum, lateral view (21); left pterothoracic pleuron, most exposed view (evaporatorium densely dotted) (22). Scales in mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1216580/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="348">Figs. 15, 23</figureCitation>
|
||
), without extensive setal patches, merely with a pair of small groups composed by short, rigid setae set on a pair of weak protuberances on ventral infolding laterally; paramere with a slender and columnar stem, a distinct neck, and a curved crown; phallus with a robust articulatory apparatus, phallotheca barrel-shaped with a compact hinge, conjunctiva rigid, immovable, with two pairs of processes (cp-II and cp-III), second pair (cp-II) with a broadened, sclerotized, shieldlike body and three branches (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13442A37FF9FFFAD49D89CD4FD05E2EC" box="[501,641,692,717]" captionStart="FIGURES 29–33" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1601,1623]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,221,1532]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,221,1555]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 29–33. Graptophara spp., phallus. 29–30, G. reynaudii (Guérin-Méneville, 1834); 31–33, G. anomala sp. nov. Lateral (29, 31) and dorsal (30, 32) views, right cp-II inflated, left cp-II in repose; aedeagus and cp-III in posterior view (33). Arrow inFig.31 shows aspect of Fig.38.Lettering:aed= aedeagus; cp-I, cp-III= first and third pairs of conjunctival processes; cp-II 1, cp-II 2, cp-II 3 = branches of second pair of conjunctival processes; hi = hinge; phth = phallotheca; thp = thecal process. Scales in mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1216582/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="348">Figs. 29–32</figureCitation>
|
||
: cp-II1, cp-II2, cp-II3); endophallic duct of two lumina system, with a thickened, tortuous ventrobasal (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13442A37FF9FFFAD4A369CBAFDF2E2D3" box="[539,630,730,755]" captionStart="FIGURES 34–41" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1762,1784]" captionTargetBox="[149,1434,316,1696]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[149,1434,315,1722]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 34–41. Graptophara spp., genitalia of both sexes. 34–37, G. reynaudii (Guérin-Méneville, 1834); 38–41, G. anomalasp.nov. Distal portion ofphallus, posterodorsal (34, 38) and ventral (35)views; aedeagalcomplex, leftlateral (36, 39) and posterior (40) views; terminalia of female, posteroventral (most exposed) view (37, 41). Arrow in Fig. 39 shows aspect of Fig.40.Lettering:act = aedeagal conducting tube; dal = dorsoapical lumen of endophallic duct; lt 8, lt 9 = laterotergites VIII, IX; res = endophallic reservoir; vbl = ventrobasal lumen of endophallic duct; vf 8 = valvifer VIII; others as in Figs. 29–33. Scales in mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1216584/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="348">Fig. 36</figureCitation>
|
||
: vbl), and a broadened dorsoapical lumen (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13442A37FF9FFFAD4CA69CBAFB63E2D3" box="[1163,1255,730,755]" captionStart="FIGURES 34–41" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1762,1784]" captionTargetBox="[149,1434,316,1696]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[149,1434,315,1722]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 34–41. Graptophara spp., genitalia of both sexes. 34–37, G. reynaudii (Guérin-Méneville, 1834); 38–41, G. anomalasp.nov. Distal portion ofphallus, posterodorsal (34, 38) and ventral (35)views; aedeagalcomplex, leftlateral (36, 39) and posterior (40) views; terminalia of female, posteroventral (most exposed) view (37, 41). Arrow in Fig. 39 shows aspect of Fig.40.Lettering:act = aedeagal conducting tube; dal = dorsoapical lumen of endophallic duct; lt 8, lt 9 = laterotergites VIII, IX; res = endophallic reservoir; vbl = ventrobasal lumen of endophallic duct; vf 8 = valvifer VIII; others as in Figs. 29–33. Scales in mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1216584/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="348">Fig. 36</figureCitation>
|
||
: dal); aedeagal conducting tube (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13442A37FF9FFFAD494F9C9EFE3FE337" box="[354,443,766,791]" captionStart="FIGURES 34–41" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1762,1784]" captionTargetBox="[149,1434,316,1696]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[149,1434,315,1722]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 34–41. Graptophara spp., genitalia of both sexes. 34–37, G. reynaudii (Guérin-Méneville, 1834); 38–41, G. anomalasp.nov. Distal portion ofphallus, posterodorsal (34, 38) and ventral (35)views; aedeagalcomplex, leftlateral (36, 39) and posterior (40) views; terminalia of female, posteroventral (most exposed) view (37, 41). Arrow in Fig. 39 shows aspect of Fig.40.Lettering:act = aedeagal conducting tube; dal = dorsoapical lumen of endophallic duct; lt 8, lt 9 = laterotergites VIII, IX; res = endophallic reservoir; vbl = ventrobasal lumen of endophallic duct; vf 8 = valvifer VIII; others as in Figs. 29–33. Scales in mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1216584/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="348">Fig. 36</figureCitation>
|
||
: act) very short, adhered to ventrobasal margin of aedeagus; aedeagus with a highly elevated dorsal lump, distal portion relatively short, tubular, directed posteroventrad, then abruptly curved posteriad, obliquely truncate apically.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90BEAA0FF9FFFAD4A639D26FCFCE37F" box="[590,888,838,863]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="348">External female genitalia.</emphasis>
|
||
Spiracles of segment VIII reduced, small in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7F4D31FF9FFFAD4DA99D27FE85E3A3" authorityName="Guerin-Meneville" authorityYear="1834" class="Insecta" family="Scutelleridae" genus="Scutellera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="348" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reynaudii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90BEAA0FF9FFFAD4DA99D27FE85E3A3" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="348">G. reynaudii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, vestigial, probably non-functional in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7F4D31FF9FFFAD4A809D0BFCA9E3A3" authorityName="Rédei & Tsai" authorityYear="2018" box="[685,813,874,899]" class="Insecta" genus="Graptophara" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="348" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anomala">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90BEAA0FF9FFFAD4A809D0BFCA9E3A3" box="[685,813,874,899]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="348">G. anomala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Fig. 46: sp8); gonangulum elongate; fused valvifers IX (Fig. 47: vf9) short, transverse, provided with a pair of narrow lateral arms; valvulae VIII sclerotized and pigmented except their membranous distal portions; valvulae IX greatly enlarged; gynatrium with a pair of small anterolateral pouches (Fig. 48: algp); ring sclerites (Fig. 48: rs) thick, strongly sclerotized; spermatheca with a relatively long proximal duct (Fig. 48: pd) gradually broadening distally, a large, globular dilation (Fig. 48: dil) of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7F4D31FF9FFFAD4D3D9A61FAE6E438" authorityName="Amyot & Serville" authorityYear="1843" box="[1296,1378,1025,1048]" class="Insecta" family="Scutelleridae" genus="Cantao" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="348" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90BEAA0FF9FFFAD4D3D9A61FAE6E438" box="[1296,1378,1025,1048]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="348">Cantao</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C48810FF9FFFAD4D419A61FA18E439" box="[1388,1436,1025,1049]" pageId="2" pageNumber="348">type</typeStatus>
|
||
(sensu
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEE4B43FF9FFFAD48C59A44FE18E41D" box="[232,412,1060,1085]" pageId="2" pageNumber="348" refId="ref8685" refString="Tsai, J. F., Redei, D., Yeh, G. F. & Yang, M. M. (2011) Jewel bugs of Taiwan (Heteroptera: Scutelleridae). National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 309 pp." type="book">
|
||
Tsai
|
||
<emphasis id="B90BEAA0FF9FFFAD49329A45FEDEE41D" box="[287,346,1060,1085]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="348">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2011
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) (dilation thick-walled, somewhat sclerotized, regularly fluted externally, inner wall with several lamellae, without sclerotized tubular outgrowth associated with orifices of proximal and distal ducts), distal duct (Fig. 48: dd) shorter and much thinner than proximal duct, apical receptacle elongate, terminating in a globose apex.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3656539FF9FFFAD48EA9AD4FB78E4D1" pageId="2" pageNumber="348" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC036B2FF9FFFAD48EA9AD4FB78E4D1" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,1265]" pageId="2" pageNumber="348">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90BEAA0FF9FFFAD48EA9AD4FD85E4ED" bold="true" box="[199,513,1204,1229]" pageId="2" pageNumber="348">Distribution and diversity.</emphasis>
|
||
The genus contains two species rather dissimilar in general habitus; one of them is restricted to the Sundaic Region, the other one to the Malabar Subregion of the Indian Subcontinent.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |