1041 lines
134 KiB
XML
1041 lines
134 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="A2882749C512C17076251F1D56A88C19">Five new species of the pelodryadid genus Litoria Tschudi from the southern versant of Papua New Guinea’s Central Cordillera, with observations on the diversification of reproductive strategies in Melanesian treefrogs</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C1BD8AF8AC8AFE063F4990908457E4DC">Richards, Stephen J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D6A60A3B70B37756AC51F826054C0BD7">Herpetology Department, South Australian Museum, North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="565E3BE74053C621D89C5A835901C2FE" type="email">steve.richards@samuseum.sa.gov.au</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="A0AA39E05B4DB40C6490CE89E2879FAE">Donnellan, Stephen C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="DCB0D73FBA812870962F6C8BA5D7AB95">Herpetology Department, South Australian Museum, North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="9AF8BCB7371AA8F2219F9A59F1C303E8">Oliver, Paul M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="61825356A155631F0A3B5A54293D6BEC">Centre for Planetary Health and Food Security, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Rd, Brisbane, Queensland 4121, and Biodiversity and Geosciences Program, Queensland Museum, South Brisbane, Queensland, 4101 Australia.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="F9FFAC477C4FE675CECAC172DED21447">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="C09DBEF25F5320AD19C26A2313A7C24F">2023</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03D60841A036FFF637CFFF30C442FB95" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7814492" ID-GBIF-Taxon="209495798" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7814492" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:876BBBC1-3045-4239-A686-CD995DAFDDD4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D60841A036FFF637CFFF30C442FB95" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="182" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">
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<subSubSection id="C365EADCA036FFF337CFFF30C0E1FF52" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" type="nomenclature">
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<heading id="D0880E3BA036FFF337CFFF30C0D4FF35" bold="true" box="[151,451,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B90B6545A036FFF337CFFF30C0D4FF35" bold="true" box="[151,451,151,178]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7FC2D4A036FFF337CFFF30C040FF36" authority="Richards & Donnellan & Oliver, 2023" authorityName="Richards & Donnellan & Oliver" authorityYear="2023" box="[151,343,151,178]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="naispela" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B90B6545A036FFF337CFFF30C040FF36" bold="true" box="[151,343,151,178]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">Litoria naispela</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A238D83EA036FFF3363DFF30C0D4FF35" box="[357,451,151,177]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC0B957A036FFF337CFFF1CC0E1FF52" blockId="26.[151,1210,151,286]" box="[151,502,187,214]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">Crater Mountain Treehole Frog</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C365EADCA036FFF337CFFF78C5ADFE9A" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BC0B957A036FFF337CFFF78C003FF7E" blockId="26.[151,1210,151,286]" box="[151,276,223,250]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">
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<figureCitation id="1344A5D2A036FFF337CFFF78C003FF7E" box="[151,276,223,250]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 15" captionStart-1="FIGURE 16" captionStart-2="FIGURE 17" captionStartId-0="27.[151,250,1850,1874]" captionStartId-1="28.[151,250,1668,1692]" captionStartId-2="29.[151,250,1597,1621]" captionTargetBox-0="[210,1377,347,1827]" captionTargetBox-1="[161,1426,181,1644]" captionTargetBox-2="[178,1410,309,1574]" captionTargetId-0="figure-97@27.[209,1377,345,1827]" captionTargetId-1="figure-25@28.[161,1426,181,1644]" captionTargetId-2="figure-87@29.[178,1410,309,1574]" captionTargetPageId-0="27" captionTargetPageId-1="28" captionTargetPageId-2="29" captionText-0="FIGURE 15. Litoria naispela sp. nov. and Litoria singadanae in life. A) holotype of Litoria naispela sp. nov. (SAMA R70216), B–C paratype of Litoria naispela sp. nov. (SAMA R70214), B) hidden surfaces of thighs, C) ventral surfaces of abdomen and legs, D) Litoria singadanae (SAMA R60171) in life, E) Litoria singadanae (UP9968) showing ventral colour in life. Photos by S. Richards." captionText-1="FIGURE 16. Litoria naispela sp. nov. holotype (SAMA R70216), A) dorsal and B) lateral view of head (scale bars = 5 mm), C) palmar view of hand, D) plantar view of foot (scale bars = 1 mm)." captionText-2="FIGURE 17. Breeding habitat, eggs and juveniles of Litoria naispela sp. nov., A) treehole approximately 1 m above the ground in lower montane rainforest near Herowana Village, Papua New Guinea, B) the same treehole, showing eggs glued under ‘lip’ (top left of photograph) of opening and free swimming tadpoles inside, C) close up of egg mass shown in B), illustrating eggs at different stages of development, D) a recently metamorphosed froglet (SAMA R71597) raised from a tadpole that was collected from this treehole, E) a juvenile frog (SAMA R71595) raised from a tadpole collected from this treehole. Photos by S. Richards." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7800958" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7800960" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7800962" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/7800958/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/7800960/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/7800962/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">Figs 15–17</figureCitation>
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https://zoobank.org/
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.
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<collectionCode id="ED6E2192A036FFF33642FEECC07EFEE1" box="[282,361,331,357]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34982" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34982" name="South Australia Museum" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" type="Museum">SAMA</collectionCode>
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(
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[
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]3483).
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male, forest adjacent
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,
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<collectingRegion id="49BB77B5A036FFF33210FEEBC06FFE0D" country="Papua New Guinea" name="Eastern Highlands" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">Eastern Highlands Province</collectingRegion>
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,
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<collectingCountry id="F368F9C7A036FFF336DCFED7C349FE0D" box="[388,606,367,394]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
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(
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,
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,
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. a.s.l.), by local assistant for
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on
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<collectingDate id="EF85667FA036FFF337E2FE34C092FE29" box="[186,389,403,430]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" value="2003-12-05">5 December 2003</collectingDate>
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.
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<materialsCitation id="3B17B30AA036FFF3379FFE10C23CFE55" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4075347321" box="[199,811,439,466]" collectionCode="SAMA, FN, JCUNQ, SJR" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" specimenCode="R70215" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
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.
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<collectionCode id="ED6E2192A036FFF3360AFE10C0B6FE55" box="[338,417,439,465]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34982" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34982" name="South Australia Museum" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" type="Museum">SAMA</collectionCode>
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<specimenCode id="DBD9112CA036FFF336F6FE10C310FE56" box="[430,519,439,466]" collectionCode="R" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">R70215</specimenCode>
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(
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<collectionCode id="ED6E2192A036FFF33543FE10C3B9FE55" box="[539,686,439,465]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">FN JCUNQ</collectionCode>
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[
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]3482)
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,
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<specimenCode id="DBD9112CA036FFF33464FE10C283FE55" box="[828,916,439,465]" collectionCode="R" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">R70214</specimenCode>
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(
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<collectionCode id="ED6E2192A036FFF334F1FE10C52BFE56" box="[937,1084,439,466]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">FN JCUNQ</collectionCode>
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[
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]3475), adult males, same details as
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except
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</materialsCitation>
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<materialsCitation id="3B17B30AA036FFF336E7FE7CC29DFE71" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4075347312" box="[447,906,475,502]" collectingDate="2003-11-30" collectionCode="R" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" specimenCode="R70214" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
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<specimenCode id="DBD9112CA036FFF336E7FE7CC300FE71" box="[447,535,475,501]" collectionCode="R" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">R70214</specimenCode>
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collected on
|
||
<date id="FFC19F97A036FFF335F5FE7CC29DFE71" box="[685,906,475,501]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" value="2003-11-30">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF85667FA036FFF335F5FE7CC29DFE71" box="[685,906,475,501]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" value="2003-11-30">30 November 2003</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC0B957A036FFF3379FFE58C015FD2D" blockId="26.[151,1437,331,2014]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A036FFF3379FFE58C0A5FD9D" bold="true" box="[199,434,511,537]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">Referred specimens</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B17B30AA036FFF33699FE58C1E9FDE5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4075347315" collectingDate="1998-11-20" collectingDateMax="1998-12-12" collectingDateMin="1998-11-20" collectionCode="SAMA, FN, JCUNQ, SJR" collectorName="S. J. Richards" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" specimenCode="R71597" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6E2192A036FFF33699FE58C307FD9D" box="[449,528,511,537]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34982" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34982" name="South Australia Museum" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" type="Museum">SAMA</collectionCode>
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBD9112CA036FFF3354FFE58C367FD9E" box="[535,624,511,538]" collectionCode="R" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">R71597</specimenCode>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6E2192A036FFF33527FE58C21BFD9E" box="[639,780,511,538]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">FN JCUNQ</collectionCode>
|
||
[
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6E2192A036FFF3344AFE58C256FD9E" box="[786,833,511,538]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">SJR</collectionCode>
|
||
]4858), recently metamorphosed juvenile, collected as tadpole on
|
||
<date id="FFC19F97A036FFF3364DFD84C0E4FDB9" box="[277,499,547,573]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" value="1998-11-20">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF85667FA036FFF3364DFD84C0E4FDB9" box="[277,499,547,573]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" value="1998-11-20">20 November 1998</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, preserved on
|
||
<date id="FFC19F97A036FFF335CFFD84C266FDB9" box="[663,881,547,573]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" value="1998-12-12">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF85667FA036FFF335CFFD84C266FDB9" box="[663,881,547,573]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" value="1998-12-12">12 December 1998</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, locality details as for
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C407F5A036FFF3332AFD84C5C0FDB9" box="[1138,1239,547,573]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, collected by
|
||
<collectorName id="268ADC81A036FFF3322CFD84C1E9FDE5" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">S.J. Richards</collectorName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B17B30AA036FFF33654FDE0C1E9FD2D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4075347308" collectingDate="2001-11-24" collectingDateMax="2003-01-25" collectingDateMin="2001-11-24" collectionCode="SAMA, FN, JCUNQ, SJR" collectorName="S. Richards" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" specimenCode="R71594-71496" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6E2192A036FFF33654FDE0C04CFDE5" box="[268,347,583,609]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34982" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34982" name="South Australia Museum" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" type="Museum">SAMA</collectionCode>
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBD9112CA036FFF3363DFDE0C306FDE6" box="[357,529,583,610]" collectionCode="R" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">R71594–71496</specimenCode>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6E2192A036FFF3357AFDE0C3A7FDE5" box="[546,688,583,609]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">FN JCUNQ</collectionCode>
|
||
[
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6E2192A036FFF335EFFDE0C3F2FDE5" box="[695,741,583,609]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">SJR</collectionCode>
|
||
]3132–3134), subadults, collected as tadpoles by
|
||
<collectorName id="268ADC81A036FFF33241FDE0C48AFDE5" box="[1305,1437,583,609]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">S. Richards</collectorName>
|
||
on
|
||
<date id="FFC19F97A036FFF337E4FDCCC0D1FD01" box="[188,454,619,646]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" value="2001-11-24" valueMax="2001-11-25" valueMin="2001-11-24">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF85667FA036FFF337E4FDCCC0D1FD01" box="[188,454,619,646]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" value="2001-11-24" valueMax="2001-11-25" valueMin="2001-11-24">24–25 November 2001</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, raised in captivity by
|
||
<collectorName id="268ADC81A036FFF33594FDCCC226FD01" box="[716,817,619,645]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">A. Mack</collectorName>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectorName id="268ADC81A036FFF33433FDCBC2F7FD01" box="[875,992,619,646]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">D. Wright</collectorName>
|
||
, preserved on
|
||
<date id="FFC19F97A036FFF333D0FDCCC452FD01" box="[1160,1349,619,646]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" value="2003-01-25">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF85667FA036FFF333D0FDCCC452FD01" box="[1160,1349,619,646]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" value="2003-01-25">25 January 2003</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
by
|
||
<collectorName id="268ADC81A036FFF3322CFDCCC1E9FD2D" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">S.J. Richards</collectorName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C365EADCA036FFF3379FFD14C0F7FC21" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC0B957A036FFF3379FFD14C0F7FC21" blockId="26.[151,1437,331,2014]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A036FFF3379FFD14C02DFD49" bold="true" box="[199,314,691,717]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7FC2D4A036FFF3361FFD13C0EDFD49" authority="Richards & Donnellan & Oliver, 2023" authorityName="Richards & Donnellan & Oliver" authorityYear="2023" box="[327,506,691,717]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="naispela" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A036FFF3361FFD13C0EDFD49" box="[327,506,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">Litoria naispela</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A036FFF336A7FD14C34FFD49" bold="true" box="[511,600,691,717]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A238D83EA036FFF336A7FD14C34FFD49" box="[511,600,691,717]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is distinguished from all other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7FC2D4A036FFF334F6FD13C2EBFD49" authorityName="sensu Tyler & Davies" authorityYear="1978" box="[942,1020,692,717]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A036FFF334F6FD13C2EBFD49" box="[942,1020,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">Litoria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the following unique combination of characters: size small (SVL of
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D7972DEA036FFF33544FD70C389FD75" box="[540,670,727,753]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" type="male">three males</specimenCount>
|
||
<quantity id="4C8714B2A036FFF335FFFD70C246FD75" box="[679,849,727,754]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.565" metricValueMax="2.58" metricValueMin="2.55" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" unit="mm" value="25.65" valueMax="25.8" valueMin="25.5">25.5–25.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
); limbs long (TL/SVL 0.60–0.64); tympanum large (TYM/SVL 1.0–1.1, TYM/EYE 0.79–0.82), with predominantly transparent membrane; dorsum in life green with darker green spots, posterior of venter orange; vomerine teeth absent; finger webbing extensive; prominent dermal fold along outer edge of foot; pigmentation on nictitating membrane restricted to narrow band at dorsal margin; and is genetically diagnosable from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7FC2D4A036FFF336A3FCCFC38EFC05" authorityName="Richards" authorityYear="2005" box="[507,665,871,897]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="singadanae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A036FFF336A3FCCFC38EFC05" box="[507,665,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">L. singadanae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
at 48 sites in the 787 base pair alignment of mitochondrial
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A036FFF33274FCC0C476FC05" box="[1324,1377,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">ND4</emphasis>
|
||
gene and flanking tRNA (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6FD8CECA036FFF33623FC2CC0D9FC21" box="[379,462,907,933]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="7.[151,239,467,493]" captionTargetBox="[151,2022,539,1721]" captionText="TABLE 1. Diagnostic sites from the ND4 alignment for species diagnoses. A) Litoria naispela sp. nov. versus L. singadanae; B) L. nigropunctata, L. daraiensis sp. nov., L. gracilis sp. nov., C) L. lisae sp. nov., L. haematogaster sp. nov., L. majikthise. Sites are numbered according to the alignment used in the phylogenetic analysis. A) 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 0 0 1 2 3 3 4 0 0 2 5 8 8 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 0 1 2 2 3 5 5 8 8 9 0 1 1 4 4 5 6 8 9 0 1 3 4 5 6 7 1 2 6 1 1 6 5 5 8 3 0 0 1 3 6 6 1 3 2 7 0 5 9 0 2 4 1 0 4 2 7 9 9 2 8 1 7 3 5 8 2 7 6 7 5 5 7 1 L. n A T G T T A G C T G A G A T C G C A T A A G G T C G A C T T G A C A G C T T T C A T T C T C T C L. s G C A C C G T T C A G A A C T A T T C T G A A C T A A T C G A G T G A T C C C T G C C T C T C T B) 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 9 9 9 0 0 0 0 0 1 3 3 4 4 5 5 6 7 8 9 0 0 1 1 2 3 5 5 5 6 6 6 6 6 7 1 4 5 1 2 6 8 9 6 3 9 3 5 4 5 0 5 5 9 5 8 1 8 3 6 3 6 7 0 1 2 5 8 2 L. n C C C A T G C C G A A T C C C T T T A T T T T A A A C A A C C G C G L. g T C C G C C C T A C/T T C T T C T C T C/T C T C/T C T T A C/T G A T T G A A L. d T T T G C T C T A T A C T T T C C C T A C T T T T G T G A C T A A A" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF00E9DFA02BFFEE37CFFE74C636FD95" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" tableUuid="DF00E9DFA02BFFEE37CFFE74C636FD95">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C365EADCA036FFF7379FFC08C321FD9D" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="181" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC0B957A036FFF3379FFC08C3A5FAD1" blockId="26.[151,1437,331,2014]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A036FFF3379FFC08C0F7FC4D" bold="true" box="[199,480,943,969]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">
|
||
Description of
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C407F5A036FFF3362BFC08C0CBFC4D" box="[371,476,943,969]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
An adult male (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1344A5D2A036FFF335D5FC08C3FCFC4E" box="[653,747,943,970]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1850,1874]" captionTargetBox="[210,1377,347,1827]" captionTargetId="figure-97@27.[209,1377,345,1827]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 15. Litoria naispela sp. nov. and Litoria singadanae in life. A) holotype of Litoria naispela sp. nov. (SAMA R70216), B–C paratype of Litoria naispela sp. nov. (SAMA R70214), B) hidden surfaces of thighs, C) ventral surfaces of abdomen and legs, D) Litoria singadanae (SAMA R60171) in life, E) Litoria singadanae (UP9968) showing ventral colour in life. Photos by S. Richards." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7800958" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7800958/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">Fig.15A</figureCitation>
|
||
) with vocal slits and nuptial pads. Measurements are presented in
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6FD8CECA036FFF337EDFC74C01CFC6A" box="[181,267,979,1006]" captionStart="TABLE 5" captionStartId="30.[151,239,584,608]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="TABLE 5. Measurements and ratios of the type series of Litoria naispela sp. nov. SAMA R70216 is the holotype." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF00E9DFA032FFF737CFFDEFC44CFDE4" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" tableUuid="DF00E9DFA032FFF737CFFDEFC44CFDE4">Table 5</tableCitation>
|
||
. Body moderately slender. Limbs long (TL/SVL 0.60). Head slightly longer than wide (HW/HL 0.90). Vomerine teeth absent. Vocal slits short, located laterally in floor of mouth, extending anteriorly approximately 2.0–
|
||
<quantity id="4C8714B2A036FFF337CFFBBCC1FCFBB2" box="[151,235,1051,1078]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
from corner of jaws. Snout short, truncate, bluntly rounded in dorsal view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1344A5D2A036FFF33378FBBCC591FBB1" box="[1056,1158,1051,1077]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1668,1692]" captionTargetBox="[161,1426,181,1644]" captionTargetId="figure-25@28.[161,1426,181,1644]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 16. Litoria naispela sp. nov. holotype (SAMA R70216), A) dorsal and B) lateral view of head (scale bars = 5 mm), C) palmar view of hand, D) plantar view of foot (scale bars = 1 mm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7800960" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7800960/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">Fig. 16A</figureCitation>
|
||
), nearly vertical in lateral view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1344A5D2A036FFF33785FB98C053FBDD" box="[221,324,1087,1113]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1668,1692]" captionTargetBox="[161,1426,181,1644]" captionTargetId="figure-25@28.[161,1426,181,1644]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 16. Litoria naispela sp. nov. holotype (SAMA R70216), A) dorsal and B) lateral view of head (scale bars = 5 mm), C) palmar view of hand, D) plantar view of foot (scale bars = 1 mm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7800960" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7800960/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">Fig. 16B</figureCitation>
|
||
); canthus rostralis poorly defined, broadly rounded; loreal region steeply sloping, slightly concave; eyes large (EYE/SV 0.14), protruding distinctly in dorsal and ventral views; pupil horizontal when contracted; pigmentation on nictitating membrane restricted to narrow band along dorsal edge; nares near tip of snout, directed laterally, not visible in dorsal view; tympanum large, conspicuous, (TYM/EYE 0.81), annulus prominent except dorsally where it merges with short, slightly curved supratympanic fold (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1344A5D2A036FFF334E0FB68C50AFB6D" box="[952,1053,1231,1257]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1668,1692]" captionTargetBox="[161,1426,181,1644]" captionTargetId="figure-25@28.[161,1426,181,1644]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 16. Litoria naispela sp. nov. holotype (SAMA R70216), A) dorsal and B) lateral view of head (scale bars = 5 mm), C) palmar view of hand, D) plantar view of foot (scale bars = 1 mm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7800960" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7800960/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">Fig. 16B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Tympanic membrane transparent except for central connective tissue at attachment of columella, scattered tiny white flecks, and several clumps of black pigment spots (<
|
||
<quantity id="4C8714B2A036FFF336F9FAB0C0EFFAB6" box="[417,504,1303,1330]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
diameter) predominantly around periphery of membrane (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1344A5D2A036FFF333D2FAB0C5E1FAB6" box="[1162,1270,1303,1330]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1850,1874]" captionTargetBox="[210,1377,347,1827]" captionTargetId="figure-97@27.[209,1377,345,1827]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 15. Litoria naispela sp. nov. and Litoria singadanae in life. A) holotype of Litoria naispela sp. nov. (SAMA R70216), B–C paratype of Litoria naispela sp. nov. (SAMA R70214), B) hidden surfaces of thighs, C) ventral surfaces of abdomen and legs, D) Litoria singadanae (SAMA R60171) in life, E) Litoria singadanae (UP9968) showing ventral colour in life. Photos by S. Richards." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7800958" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7800958/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">Figs 15A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1344A5D2A036FFF3325AFAB0C423FAB5" box="[1282,1332,1303,1329]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1668,1692]" captionTargetBox="[161,1426,181,1644]" captionTargetId="figure-25@28.[161,1426,181,1644]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 16. Litoria naispela sp. nov. holotype (SAMA R70216), A) dorsal and B) lateral view of head (scale bars = 5 mm), C) palmar view of hand, D) plantar view of foot (scale bars = 1 mm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7800960" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7800960/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">16B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Tongue broadly cordiform with shallow posterior notch.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC0B957A036FFF3379FFAF8C3BDFA62" blockId="26.[151,1437,331,2014]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">Skin dorsally smooth with scarcely detectable fine, shallow grooves, more prominent laterally; throat very finely pitted anteriorly, a translucent fold of skin from vocal sac covers throat posteriorly; chest and abdomen coarsely granular. Outer edge of forearm with series of low, pale tubercles; outer edge of tarsus and foot with prominent white dermal fold; patch of low tubercles below vent.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC0B957A036FFF3379FFA48C527F8F5" blockId="26.[151,1437,331,2014]" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">
|
||
Fingers short, extensively webbed, relative lengths 3>4>2>1. Finger webbing thick, fleshy, on inside of Finger 4 and outside of Finger 2 reaching to base of discs, on both sides of Finger 3 to mid-way between subarticular tubercle at base of penultimate phalanx and disc with fleshy fringe continuing to disc, on outside of Finger 1 reaching to subarticular tubercle at base of penultimate phalanx (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1344A5D2A036FFF335BBF9FCC25EF9F1" box="[739,841,1627,1653]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1668,1692]" captionTargetBox="[161,1426,181,1644]" captionTargetId="figure-25@28.[161,1426,181,1644]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 16. Litoria naispela sp. nov. holotype (SAMA R70216), A) dorsal and B) lateral view of head (scale bars = 5 mm), C) palmar view of hand, D) plantar view of foot (scale bars = 1 mm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7800960" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7800960/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">Fig. 16C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Subarticular tubercles prominent, those on fingers 3 and 4 distinctly bi-lobed (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1344A5D2A036FFF336E1F9D8C337F91D" box="[441,544,1663,1689]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1668,1692]" captionTargetBox="[161,1426,181,1644]" captionTargetId="figure-25@28.[161,1426,181,1644]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 16. Litoria naispela sp. nov. holotype (SAMA R70216), A) dorsal and B) lateral view of head (scale bars = 5 mm), C) palmar view of hand, D) plantar view of foot (scale bars = 1 mm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7800960" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7800960/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">Fig. 16C</figureCitation>
|
||
), those on Finger 1 and 2 unilobed. Terminal discs moderately large (3FD/SVL 0.06, 3FD/3FP 1.6) with circum-marginal grooves. Nuptial pads narrow, comprising fine pale brown granules, extending ~
|
||
<quantity id="4C8714B2A036FFF33645F960C062F966" box="[285,373,1735,1762]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="26" pageNumber="177" unit="mm" value="1.8">1.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
along proximal inner edge of Finger 1. Toes fully webbed except Toe 4, webbed to proximal edge of subarticular tubercle at base of penultimate phalanx; relative lengths 4>5>3>2>1 on left foot, disc of Toe 5 on right foot damaged, so shorter than Toe 3. Subarticular tubercles prominent, distal tubercle on Toe 5 bilobed, on remainder of toes unilobed. Discs moderately large (4TD/SVL 0.06, 4TD/4TP 1.36) with circum-marginal grooves, discs on toes slightly smaller than those on fingers (3FD/4TD 1.07) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1344A5D2A036FFF334C2F8F0C533F8F5" box="[922,1060,1879,1905]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1668,1692]" captionTargetBox="[161,1426,181,1644]" captionTargetId="figure-25@28.[161,1426,181,1644]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 16. Litoria naispela sp. nov. holotype (SAMA R70216), A) dorsal and B) lateral view of head (scale bars = 5 mm), C) palmar view of hand, D) plantar view of foot (scale bars = 1 mm)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7800960" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7800960/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">Fig. 16C–D</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC0B957A036FFF2379FF8DCC5E5FEC5" blockId="26.[151,1437,331,2014]" lastBlockId="27.[151,1437,151,321]" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="178" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A036FFF3379FF8DCC048F811" box="[199,351,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">Colour in life</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="1344A5D2A036FFF33637F8DCC0CFF812" box="[367,472,1915,1942]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1850,1874]" captionTargetBox="[210,1377,347,1827]" captionTargetId="figure-97@27.[209,1377,345,1827]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 15. Litoria naispela sp. nov. and Litoria singadanae in life. A) holotype of Litoria naispela sp. nov. (SAMA R70216), B–C paratype of Litoria naispela sp. nov. (SAMA R70214), B) hidden surfaces of thighs, C) ventral surfaces of abdomen and legs, D) Litoria singadanae (SAMA R60171) in life, E) Litoria singadanae (UP9968) showing ventral colour in life. Photos by S. Richards." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7800958" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7800958/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="177">Fig. 15A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Dorsum pale lime green with dark-green spots and small areas of cyan white. Darkgreen pigment patches on dorsum form large ‘Y’-shaped patch between eyes, round patch on one eyelid, and short irregular bars on hindlimbs; very dark-green pigmentation present along outer edge of hand and forearm and forming discrete spots on otherwise transparent tympanic membrane. Outer edge of tarsi white with dark-green blotches. Iris off-white with large brown patch anteriorly and posteriorly. Hidden surfaces of limbs orange, except small yellow patch inside knee; Ventral surfaces of legs orange, orange colour extending anteriorly onto posterior of abdomen, becoming egg-yolk yellow anteriorly; a dark-brown pigment patch laterally on throat just anterior of angle of jaws, remainder of throat with scattered brown pigment spots. Tubercles below vent white.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF00E9DFA037FFF237CFF89DC004F83A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7800958" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7800958" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7800958/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="178" startId="27.[151,250,1850,1874]" targetBox="[210,1377,347,1827]" targetPageId="27">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC0B957A037FFF237CFF89DC004F83A" blockId="27.[151,1437,1850,1982]" pageId="27" pageNumber="178">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A037FFF237CFF89DC00FF8D6" bold="true" box="[151,280,1850,1874]" pageId="27" pageNumber="178">FIGURE 15</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7FC2D4A037FFF2367CF89CC0D2F8D6" authority="Richards & Donnellan & Oliver, 2023" authorityName="Richards & Donnellan & Oliver" authorityYear="2023" box="[292,453,1850,1874]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="27" pageNumber="178" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="naispela" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A037FFF2367CF89CC0D2F8D6" box="[292,453,1850,1874]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="178">Litoria naispela</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A037FFF23692F89DC30DF8D6" bold="true" box="[458,538,1850,1874]" pageId="27" pageNumber="178">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A238D83EA037FFF23692F89DC30DF8D6" box="[458,538,1850,1874]" pageId="27" pageNumber="178" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7FC2D4A037FFF23511F89CC21EF8D6" authorityName="Richards" authorityYear="2005" box="[585,777,1850,1874]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="27" pageNumber="178" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="singadanae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A037FFF23511F89CC21EF8D6" box="[585,777,1850,1874]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="178">Litoria singadanae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in life.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A037FFF2340CF89DC271F8D6" bold="true" box="[852,870,1850,1874]" pageId="27" pageNumber="178">A</emphasis>
|
||
) holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7FC2D4A037FFF234B4F89CC599F8D6" authority="Richards & Donnellan & Oliver, 2023" authorityName="Richards & Donnellan & Oliver" authorityYear="2023" box="[1004,1166,1850,1874]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="27" pageNumber="178" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="naispela" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A037FFF234B4F89CC599F8D6" box="[1004,1166,1850,1874]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="178">Litoria naispela</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A037FFF233CBF89DC5F5F8D6" bold="true" box="[1171,1250,1850,1874]" pageId="27" pageNumber="178">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A238D83EA037FFF233CBF89DC5F5F8D6" box="[1171,1250,1850,1874]" pageId="27" pageNumber="178" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(SAMA R70216),
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A037FFF237CFF8F9C1D0F8F2" bold="true" box="[151,199,1886,1910]" pageId="27" pageNumber="178">B–C</emphasis>
|
||
paratype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7FC2D4A037FFF2361FF8F8C0FDF8F2" authority="Richards & Donnellan & Oliver, 2023" authorityName="Richards & Donnellan & Oliver" authorityYear="2023" box="[327,490,1886,1910]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="27" pageNumber="178" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="naispela" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A037FFF2361FF8F8C0FDF8F2" box="[327,490,1886,1910]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="178">Litoria naispela</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A037FFF236A9F8F9C356F8F2" bold="true" box="[497,577,1886,1910]" pageId="27" pageNumber="178">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A238D83EA037FFF236A9F8F9C356F8F2" box="[497,577,1886,1910]" pageId="27" pageNumber="178" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(SAMA R70214),
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A037FFF2345DF8F9C201F8F2" bold="true" box="[773,790,1886,1910]" pageId="27" pageNumber="178">B</emphasis>
|
||
) hidden surfaces of thighs,
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A037FFF23369F8F9C554F8F2" bold="true" box="[1073,1091,1886,1910]" pageId="27" pageNumber="178">C</emphasis>
|
||
) ventral surfaces of abdomen and legs,
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A037FFF23794F825C1C9F81E" bold="true" box="[204,222,1922,1946]" pageId="27" pageNumber="178">D</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7FC2D4A037FFF237B5F824C0B9F81E" authorityName="Richards" authorityYear="2005" box="[237,430,1922,1946]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="27" pageNumber="178" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="singadanae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A037FFF237B5F824C0B9F81E" box="[237,430,1922,1946]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="178">Litoria singadanae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(SAMA R60171) in life,
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A037FFF235E9F825C3D5F81E" bold="true" box="[689,706,1922,1946]" pageId="27" pageNumber="178">E</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7FC2D4A037FFF23588F824C285F81E" authorityName="Richards" authorityYear="2005" box="[720,914,1922,1946]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="27" pageNumber="178" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="singadanae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A037FFF23588F824C285F81E" box="[720,914,1922,1946]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="178">Litoria singadanae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(UP9968) showing ventral colour in life. Photos by S. Richards.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF00E9DFA030FFF537CFF923C241F944" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7800960" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7800960" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7800960/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="179" startId="28.[151,250,1668,1692]" targetBox="[161,1426,181,1644]" targetPageId="28">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC0B957A030FFF537CFF923C241F944" blockId="28.[151,1436,1668,1728]" pageId="28" pageNumber="179">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A030FFF537CFF923C00DF918" bold="true" box="[151,282,1668,1692]" pageId="28" pageNumber="179">FIGURE 16</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7FC2D4A030FFF5367FF922C0DCF918" authority="Richards & Donnellan & Oliver, 2023" authorityName="Richards & Donnellan & Oliver" authorityYear="2023" box="[295,459,1668,1692]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="28" pageNumber="179" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="naispela" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A030FFF5367FF922C0DCF918" box="[295,459,1668,1692]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="179">Litoria naispela</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A030FFF53689F923C335F918" bold="true" box="[465,546,1668,1692]" pageId="28" pageNumber="179">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A238D83EA030FFF53689F923C335F918" box="[465,546,1668,1692]" pageId="28" pageNumber="179" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
holotype (SAMA R70216),
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A030FFF5341FF923C24EF918" bold="true" box="[839,857,1668,1692]" pageId="28" pageNumber="179">A</emphasis>
|
||
) dorsal and
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A030FFF53481F923C2E5F918" bold="true" box="[985,1010,1668,1692]" pageId="28" pageNumber="179">B)</emphasis>
|
||
lateral view of head (scale bars = 5 mm),
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A030FFF537CFF90FC1BEF944" bold="true" box="[151,169,1704,1728]" pageId="28" pageNumber="179">C</emphasis>
|
||
) palmar view of hand,
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A030FFF536CEF90FC0BFF944" bold="true" box="[406,424,1704,1728]" pageId="28" pageNumber="179">D</emphasis>
|
||
) plantar view of foot (scale bars = 1 mm).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC0B957A030FFF5379FF949C57CF8D4" blockId="28.[151,1437,1774,2017]" pageId="28" pageNumber="179">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A030FFF5379FF949C0DEF88C" box="[199,457,1774,1800]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="179">Colour in preservative</emphasis>
|
||
. Dorsum blue grey with dark-brown and greenish spots; Fingers 1 and 2 white with dark spots; Fingers 3–4 blue grey dorsally with very dark (nearly black) pigment patches; ventrally hands and feet translucent cream, dermal ridges on all limbs and enlarged tubercles around vent white.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC0B957A030FFF4379FF8FDC45CFE99" blockId="28.[151,1437,1774,2017]" lastBlockId="29.[151,1436,150,285]" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="180" pageId="28" pageNumber="179">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A030FFF5379FF8FDC028F8F0" bold="true" box="[199,319,1882,1908]" pageId="28" pageNumber="179">Variation.</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B17B30AA030FFF4361DF8FCC45FFE99" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4075347325" collectionCode="V, SAMA" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="180" pageId="28" pageNumber="179" specimenCode="R71597, R71596" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
In life the
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D7972DEA030FFF536EDF8FCC30CF8F0" box="[437,539,1882,1909]" pageId="28" pageNumber="179" type="male">two male</specimenCount>
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C407F5A030FFF53579F8FCC39BF8F1" box="[545,652,1883,1909]" pageId="28" pageNumber="179" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
were also pale green and both exhibited the prominent broad
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6E2192A030FFF5326DF8FCC45EF8F1" box="[1333,1353,1883,1909]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="28" pageNumber="179" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
|
||
shaped inter-ocular marking, which remains evident in preservative; however, they exhibited fewer dark-green markings, and in preservative they are pale-purple grey rather than blue grey, with scattered dark-brown and greenish spots. A recently metamorphosed specimen (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6E2192A030FFF53508F861C3B6F864" box="[592,673,1990,2016]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34982" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34982" name="South Australia Museum" pageId="28" pageNumber="179" type="Museum">SAMA</collectionCode>
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBD9112CA030FFF535F3F861C210F865" box="[683,775,1990,2017]" collectionCode="R" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="28" pageNumber="179">R71597</specimenCode>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="1344A5D2A030FFF5344EF861C26AF864" box="[790,893,1990,2016]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1597,1621]" captionTargetBox="[178,1410,309,1574]" captionTargetId="figure-87@29.[178,1410,309,1574]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 17. Breeding habitat, eggs and juveniles of Litoria naispela sp. nov., A) treehole approximately 1 m above the ground in lower montane rainforest near Herowana Village, Papua New Guinea, B) the same treehole, showing eggs glued under ‘lip’ (top left of photograph) of opening and free swimming tadpoles inside, C) close up of egg mass shown in B), illustrating eggs at different stages of development, D) a recently metamorphosed froglet (SAMA R71597) raised from a tadpole that was collected from this treehole, E) a juvenile frog (SAMA R71595) raised from a tadpole collected from this treehole. Photos by S. Richards." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7800962" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7800962/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="179">Fig. 17D</figureCitation>
|
||
) is predominantly brown and white with some patches of brown on the limbs. A subadult specimen (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED6E2192A031FFF4345EFF30C240FF35" box="[774,855,151,177]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34982" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34982" name="South Australia Museum" pageId="29" pageNumber="180" type="Museum">SAMA</collectionCode>
|
||
<specimenCode id="DBD9112CA031FFF43439FF31C2ACFF35" box="[865,955,150,177]" collectionCode="R" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="29" pageNumber="180">R71596</specimenCode>
|
||
) raised from a tadpole collected from the treehole illustrated in
|
||
<figureCitation id="1344A5D2A031FFF436CAFF1CC0E1FF51" box="[402,502,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1597,1621]" captionTargetBox="[178,1410,309,1574]" captionTargetId="figure-87@29.[178,1410,309,1574]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 17. Breeding habitat, eggs and juveniles of Litoria naispela sp. nov., A) treehole approximately 1 m above the ground in lower montane rainforest near Herowana Village, Papua New Guinea, B) the same treehole, showing eggs glued under ‘lip’ (top left of photograph) of opening and free swimming tadpoles inside, C) close up of egg mass shown in B), illustrating eggs at different stages of development, D) a recently metamorphosed froglet (SAMA R71597) raised from a tadpole that was collected from this treehole, E) a juvenile frog (SAMA R71595) raised from a tadpole collected from this treehole. Photos by S. Richards." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7800962" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7800962/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="180">Fig. 17A</figureCitation>
|
||
is white with medium lime green mottling across head, and light turquoise green mottling and scattered dark-green spots across dorsum; ‘Y’-shaped green marking between eyes is evident. Iris offwhite with narrow brown pigment veins and large brown anterior and posterior pigment patches (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1344A5D2A031FFF43381FEA4C428FE99" box="[1241,1343,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1597,1621]" captionTargetBox="[178,1410,309,1574]" captionTargetId="figure-87@29.[178,1410,309,1574]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 17. Breeding habitat, eggs and juveniles of Litoria naispela sp. nov., A) treehole approximately 1 m above the ground in lower montane rainforest near Herowana Village, Papua New Guinea, B) the same treehole, showing eggs glued under ‘lip’ (top left of photograph) of opening and free swimming tadpoles inside, C) close up of egg mass shown in B), illustrating eggs at different stages of development, D) a recently metamorphosed froglet (SAMA R71597) raised from a tadpole that was collected from this treehole, E) a juvenile frog (SAMA R71595) raised from a tadpole collected from this treehole. Photos by S. Richards." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7800962" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7800962/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="180">Fig. 17E</figureCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF00E9DFA031FFF437CFF99AC004F88D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7800962" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7800962" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7800962/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="180" startId="29.[151,250,1597,1621]" targetBox="[178,1410,309,1574]" targetPageId="29">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC0B957A031FFF437CFF99AC004F88D" blockId="29.[151,1437,1597,1801]" pageId="29" pageNumber="180">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A031FFF437CFF99AC008F9D1" bold="true" box="[151,287,1597,1621]" pageId="29" pageNumber="180">FIGURE 17.</emphasis>
|
||
Breeding habitat, eggs and juveniles of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7FC2D4A031FFF435E9F999C244F9D1" authority="Richards & Donnellan & Oliver, 2023" authorityName="Richards & Donnellan & Oliver" authorityYear="2023" box="[689,851,1597,1621]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="180" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="naispela" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A031FFF435E9F999C244F9D1" box="[689,851,1597,1621]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="180">Litoria naispela</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A031FFF43400F99AC2BFF9D1" bold="true" box="[856,936,1597,1621]" pageId="29" pageNumber="180">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A238D83EA031FFF43400F99AC2BFF9D1" box="[856,936,1597,1621]" pageId="29" pageNumber="180" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A031FFF434ECF99AC2D1F9D1" bold="true" box="[948,966,1597,1621]" pageId="29" pageNumber="180">A</emphasis>
|
||
) treehole approximately 1 m above the ground in lower montane rainforest near Herowana Village, Papua New Guinea,
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A031FFF434C6F9C6C2B8F9FD" bold="true" box="[926,943,1633,1657]" pageId="29" pageNumber="180">B</emphasis>
|
||
) the same treehole, showing eggs glued under ‘lip’ (top left of photograph) of opening and free swimming tadpoles inside,
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A031FFF434FDF922C2A0F919" bold="true" box="[933,951,1669,1693]" pageId="29" pageNumber="180">C</emphasis>
|
||
) close up of egg mass shown in
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A031FFF43250F922C40EF919" bold="true" box="[1288,1305,1669,1693]" pageId="29" pageNumber="180">B</emphasis>
|
||
), illustrating eggs at different stages of development,
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A031FFF4356CF90EC351F945" bold="true" box="[564,582,1705,1729]" pageId="29" pageNumber="180">D</emphasis>
|
||
) a recently metamorphosed froglet (SAMA R71597) raised from a tadpole that was collected from this treehole,
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A031FFF436E5F96AC0D9F961" bold="true" box="[445,462,1741,1765]" pageId="29" pageNumber="180">E</emphasis>
|
||
) a juvenile frog (SAMA R71595) raised from a tadpole collected from this treehole. Photos by S. Richards.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC0B957A031FFF7379FF890C321FD9D" blockId="29.[151,1436,1847,2018]" lastBlockId="30.[151,1436,150,537]" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="181" pageId="29" pageNumber="180">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A031FFF4379FF890C07AF8D5" bold="true" box="[199,365,1847,1873]" pageId="29" pageNumber="180">Comparisons.</emphasis>
|
||
In its moderate size (male SVL
|
||
<quantity id="4C8714B2A031FFF435B8F890C29FF8D5" box="[736,904,1847,1874]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.565" metricValueMax="2.58" metricValueMin="2.55" pageId="29" pageNumber="180" unit="mm" value="25.65" valueMax="25.8" valueMin="25.5">25.5–25.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
), slender body, green and brown dorsal colour, extensively webbed fingers, and males lacking a rostral spike,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7FC2D4A031FFF43435F8FBC534F8F1" authority="Richards & Donnellan & Oliver, 2023" authorityName="Richards & Donnellan & Oliver" authorityYear="2023" box="[877,1059,1883,1909]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="180" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="naispela" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A031FFF43435F8FBC534F8F1" box="[877,1059,1883,1909]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="180">Litoria naispela</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A031FFF43375F8FCC59EF8F1" bold="true" box="[1069,1161,1883,1909]" pageId="29" pageNumber="180">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A238D83EA031FFF43375F8FCC59EF8F1" box="[1069,1161,1883,1909]" pageId="29" pageNumber="180" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
most closely resembles the following 12 species:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7FC2D4A031FFF436E4F827C30BF81D" authorityName="Richards & Donnellan" authorityYear="2020" box="[444,540,1919,1945]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="180" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aplini">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A031FFF436E4F827C30BF81D" box="[444,540,1919,1945]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="180">L. aplini</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7FC2D4A031FFF43574F827C3D7F81D" authority="Richards & Donnellan & Oliver, 2023" authorityName="Richards & Donnellan & Oliver" authorityYear="2023" box="[556,704,1919,1945]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="180" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="daraiensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A031FFF43574F827C3D7F81D" box="[556,704,1919,1945]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="180">L. daraiensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A031FFF43590F8D8C234F81D" bold="true" box="[712,803,1919,1945]" pageId="29" pageNumber="180">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A238D83EA031FFF43590F8D8C234F81D" box="[712,803,1919,1945]" pageId="29" pageNumber="180" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7FC2D4A031FFF4346AF827C2B0F81D" authority="Richards & Donnellan & Oliver, 2023" authorityName="Richards & Donnellan & Oliver" authorityYear="2023" box="[818,935,1919,1945]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="180" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gracilis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A031FFF4346AF827C2B0F81D" box="[818,935,1919,1945]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="180">L. gracilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A031FFF434F7F8D8C51DF81D" bold="true" box="[943,1034,1919,1945]" pageId="29" pageNumber="180">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A238D83EA031FFF434F7F8D8C51DF81D" box="[943,1034,1919,1945]" pageId="29" pageNumber="180" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7FC2D4A031FFF43341F827C5C9F81D" authority="Richards & Donnellan & Oliver, 2023" authorityName="Richards & Donnellan & Oliver" authorityYear="2023" box="[1049,1246,1919,1945]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="180" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="haematogaster" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A031FFF43341F827C5C9F81D" box="[1049,1246,1919,1945]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="180">L. haematogaster</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A031FFF433BFF8D8C455F81D" bold="true" box="[1255,1346,1919,1945]" pageId="29" pageNumber="180">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A238D83EA031FFF433BFF8D8C455F81D" box="[1255,1346,1919,1945]" pageId="29" pageNumber="180" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7FC2D4A031FFF43209F827C482F81D" baseAuthorityName="Tyler" baseAuthorityYear="1962" box="[1361,1429,1920,1945]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="180" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="iris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A031FFF43209F827C482F81D" box="[1361,1429,1920,1945]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="180">L. iris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7FC2D4A031FFF437CFF803C1FBF839" authority="Richards & Donnellan & Oliver, 2023" authorityName="Richards & Donnellan & Oliver" authorityYear="2023" box="[151,236,1955,1981]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="180" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lisae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A031FFF437CFF803C1FBF839" box="[151,236,1955,1981]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="180">L. lisae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A031FFF437AEF804C045F839" bold="true" box="[246,338,1955,1981]" pageId="29" pageNumber="180">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A238D83EA031FFF437AEF804C045F839" box="[246,338,1955,1981]" pageId="29" pageNumber="180" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7FC2D4A031FFF4363BF803C0E1F839" authorityName="Johnston & Richards" authorityYear="1994" box="[355,502,1955,1981]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="180" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="majikthise">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A031FFF4363BF803C0E1F839" box="[355,502,1955,1981]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="180">L. majikthise</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7FC2D4A031FFF4355FF803C3D2F839" baseAuthorityName="Meyer" baseAuthorityYear="1875" box="[519,709,1956,1982]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="180" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigropunctata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A031FFF4355FF803C300F839" box="[519,535,1956,1981]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="180">L</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A031FFF4357FF803C3D2F839" box="[551,709,1956,1981]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="180">nigropunctata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7FC2D4A031FFF4358DF803C24CF839" authorityName="Dennis & Cunningham" authorityYear="2006" box="[725,859,1955,1981]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="180" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="richardsi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A031FFF4358DF803C24CF839" box="[725,859,1955,1981]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="180">L. richardsi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7FC2D4A031FFF43434F803C51AF839" authorityName="Richards" authorityYear="2005" box="[876,1037,1955,1981]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="180" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="singadanae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A031FFF43434F803C51AF839" box="[876,1037,1955,1981]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="180">L. singadanae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7FC2D4A031FFF43346F803C5A7F839" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="2004" box="[1054,1200,1956,1981]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="180" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="umarensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A031FFF43346F803C5A7F839" box="[1054,1200,1956,1981]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="180">L. umarensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7FC2D4A031FFF433B4F803C45DF839" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="2004" box="[1260,1354,1956,1981]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="180" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="verae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A031FFF433B4F803C45DF839" box="[1260,1354,1956,1981]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="180">L. verae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. It can be immediately distinguished from all of these species except
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7FC2D4A031FFF43435F86FC2E3F865" authorityName="Dennis & Cunningham" authorityYear="2006" box="[877,1012,1991,2018]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="180" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="richardsi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A031FFF43435F86FC26AF865" box="[877,893,1992,2017]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="180">L</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A031FFF434D6F860C2E3F865" box="[910,1012,1991,2017]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="180">richardsi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7FC2D4A031FFF43369F86FC5C4F865" authorityName="Richards" authorityYear="2005" box="[1073,1235,1991,2017]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="180" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="singadanae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A031FFF43369F86FC5C4F865" box="[1073,1235,1991,2017]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="180">L. singadanae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by its very large tympanum (TYM/SVL 0.10–0.11, TYM/EYE 0.78–0.80 vs. TYM/SVL <0.06, TYM/EYE <0.50) and transparent (vs. pigmented) tympanic membrane. It can be distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7FC2D4A032FFF73420FF1CC2EDFF51" authorityName="Dennis & Cunningham" authorityYear="2006" box="[888,1018,187,213]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="181" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="richardsi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A032FFF73420FF1CC2EDFF51" box="[888,1018,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">L. richardsi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by lacking (vs. having) both irregular black lines on dorsum and extensive black markings ventrolaterally; and from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7FC2D4A032FFF73354FF78C5BCFF7D" authorityName="Richards" authorityYear="2005" box="[1036,1195,223,249]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="181" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="singadanae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A032FFF73354FF78C5BCFF7D" box="[1036,1195,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">L. singadanae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by its smaller size (
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D7972DEA032FFF732D6FF78C1D8FE99" pageId="30" pageNumber="181" type="adult">3 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
males SVL 25.5–25.8 vs.
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D7972DEA032FFF736A1FEA4C350FE99" box="[505,583,259,285]" pageId="30" pageNumber="181" type="adult">2 adult</specimenCount>
|
||
males 28.7–28.8), longer legs (TL/SVL 0.60–0.64 vs. 0.57 & 0.57), though this difference is less evident when juvenile
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7FC2D4A032FFF735D7FE80C21BFEC5" authorityName="Richards & Donnellan & Oliver" authorityYear="2023" box="[655,780,295,321]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="181" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="naispela">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A032FFF735D7FE80C21BFEC5" box="[655,780,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">L. naispela</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are considered, larger eyes (EYE/SVL 0.13–0.14 vs. 0.11 & 0.11), near absence of pigmentation on throat except patch at angle of jaws (vs. extensive spotting across throat e.g.,
|
||
<figureCitation id="1344A5D2A032FFF73797FEC8C024FE0D" box="[207,307,366,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1850,1874]" captionTargetBox="[210,1377,347,1827]" captionTargetId="figure-97@27.[209,1377,345,1827]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 15. Litoria naispela sp. nov. and Litoria singadanae in life. A) holotype of Litoria naispela sp. nov. (SAMA R70216), B–C paratype of Litoria naispela sp. nov. (SAMA R70214), B) hidden surfaces of thighs, C) ventral surfaces of abdomen and legs, D) Litoria singadanae (SAMA R60171) in life, E) Litoria singadanae (UP9968) showing ventral colour in life. Photos by S. Richards." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7800958" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7800958/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">Fig. 15C</figureCitation>
|
||
vs. 15E), and dense brown pigmentation ventrolaterally absent (vs. present; see
|
||
<figureCitation id="1344A5D2A032FFF73392FEC8C439FE0D" box="[1226,1326,366,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1850,1874]" captionTargetBox="[210,1377,347,1827]" captionTargetId="figure-97@27.[209,1377,345,1827]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 15. Litoria naispela sp. nov. and Litoria singadanae in life. A) holotype of Litoria naispela sp. nov. (SAMA R70216), B–C paratype of Litoria naispela sp. nov. (SAMA R70214), B) hidden surfaces of thighs, C) ventral surfaces of abdomen and legs, D) Litoria singadanae (SAMA R60171) in life, E) Litoria singadanae (UP9968) showing ventral colour in life. Photos by S. Richards." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7800958" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7800958/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">Fig. 15C</figureCitation>
|
||
vs. 15E).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7FC2D4A032FFF737CFFE34C078FE29" authorityName="Richards" authorityYear="2005" box="[151,367,403,429]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="181" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="singadanae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A032FFF737CFFE34C078FE29" box="[151,367,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">Litoria singadanae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is the closest known relative of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7FC2D4A032FFF735B0FE34C271FE29" authority="Richards & Donnellan & Oliver, 2023" authorityName="Richards & Donnellan & Oliver" authorityYear="2023" box="[744,870,403,429]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="181" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="naispela" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A032FFF735B0FE34C271FE29" box="[744,870,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">L. naispela</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A238D83EA032FFF73428FE34C2DAFE29" box="[880,973,403,429]" pageId="30" pageNumber="181" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A032FFF73428FE34C2D1FE29" bold="true" box="[880,966,403,429]" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">sp. nov</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
It is known only from the mountains of the Huon Peninsula, approximately
|
||
<quantity id="4C8714B2A032FFF73561FE10C386FE55" box="[569,657,439,465]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="30" pageNumber="181" unit="km" value="190.0">190 km</quantity>
|
||
to the northeast of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C407F5A032FFF734F2FE10C2CDFE55" box="[938,986,439,465]" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1344A5D2A032FFF73314FE10C583FE55" box="[1100,1172,439,465]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1739,1763]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,676,1716]" captionTargetId="figure-179@9.[151,1436,676,1716]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 4. Map showing the distributions of Litoria species newly described species in this paper, and Litoria singadanae from the Huon Peninsula, Papua New Guniea. Blue square = Litoria daraiensis sp. nov., yellow triangle = Litoria gracilis sp. nov., red circle = Litoria haematogaster sp. nov., pale blue circles = Litoria lisae sp. nov., pink diamond = Litoria naispela sp. nov. and purple diamond = Litoria singadanae. Arrows indicate the type localities for Litoria gracilis sp. nov. and Litoria lisae sp. nov.." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7800926" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7800926/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
) and these species are separated geographically by the lowlands of the Markham Valley and the high peaks (many to ~
|
||
<quantity id="4C8714B2A032FFF73381FE7CC420FE71" box="[1241,1335,475,501]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="30" pageNumber="181" unit="m" value="3000.0">3,000 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l.) of the Finisterre/Saruwaged Mountains.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF00E9DFA032FFF737CFFDEFC44CFDE4" ID-Table-UUID="DF00E9DFA032FFF737CFFDEFC44CFDE4" box="[151,1371,584,609]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF00E9DFA032FFF737CFFDEFC44CFDE4" pageId="30" pageNumber="181" startId="30.[151,239,584,608]" targetBox="[185,1382,625,1670]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="30">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC0B957A032FFF737CFFDEFC44CFDE4" blockId="30.[151,1371,584,609]" box="[151,1371,584,609]" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A032FFF737CFFDEFC01DFDE5" bold="true" box="[151,266,584,609]" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">TABLE 5.</emphasis>
|
||
Measurements and ratios of the type series of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7FC2D4A032FFF735A3FDEEC2B1FDE4" authority="Richards & Donnellan & Oliver, 2023" authorityName="Richards & Donnellan & Oliver" authorityYear="2023" box="[763,934,584,608]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="181" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="naispela" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A032FFF735A3FDEEC2B1FDE4" box="[763,934,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">Litoria naispela</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A032FFF734F5FDEEC515FDE5" bold="true" box="[941,1026,585,609]" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A238D83EA032FFF734F5FDEEC515FDE5" box="[941,1026,585,609]" pageId="30" pageNumber="181" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
SAMA R70216 is the holotype.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC0B957A032FFF7379DFDD6C472F902" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<table id="F97F4BF7A032001637E1FDD6C471F902" box="[185,1382,625,1670]" gridcols="8" gridrows="27" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<tr id="354FBB15A032001637E1FDD6C471FD03" box="[185,1382,625,647]" gridrow="0" pageId="30" pageNumber="181" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1">
|
||
<th id="769ED269A032001637E1FDD6C03EFD03" box="[185,297,625,647]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A032FFF7379DFDD6C00AFD03" bold="true" box="[197,285,625,647]" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">SAMA #</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="769ED269A03200163637FDD6C0ABFD03" box="[367,444,625,647]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A032FFF73637FDD6C0ABFD02" bold="true" box="[367,444,625,646]" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">R70214</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="769ED269A0320016355DFDD6C345FD03" box="[517,594,625,647]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A032FFF7355DFDD6C345FD02" bold="true" box="[517,594,625,646]" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">R70215</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="769ED269A032001635C3FDD6C3FFFD03" box="[667,744,625,647]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A032FFF735C3FDD6C3FFFD02" bold="true" box="[667,744,625,646]" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">R70216</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="354FBB15A032001637E1FD3EC471FD2B" box="[185,1382,665,687]" gridrow="1" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<th id="769ED269A032001637E1FD3EC03EFD2B" box="[185,297,665,687]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A032FFF73787FD3EC014FD2B" bold="true" box="[223,259,665,687]" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">Sex</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163637FD3EC0ABFD2B" box="[367,444,665,687]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">M</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A0320016355DFD3EC345FD2B" box="[517,594,665,687]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">M</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A032001635C3FD3EC3FFFD2B" box="[667,744,665,687]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">M</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163463FD3EC261FD2B" box="[827,886,665,687]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A032FFF73463FD3EC261FD2A" bold="true" box="[827,886,665,686]" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">Mean</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163481FD3EC513FD2B" box="[985,1028,665,687]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A032FFF73481FD3EC513FD2B" bold="true" box="[985,1028,665,687]" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">Min</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163335FD3EC58BFD2B" box="[1133,1180,665,687]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A032FFF73335FD3EC58BFD2A" bold="true" box="[1133,1180,665,686]" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">Max</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A0320016325EFD3EC471FD2B" box="[1286,1382,665,687]" gridcol="7" gridrow="1" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A032FFF7324DFD3EC441FD2A" bold="true" box="[1301,1366,665,686]" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">Range</emphasis>
|
||
</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="354FBB15A032001637E1FD67C471FD52" box="[185,1382,704,726]" gridrow="2" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<th id="769ED269A032001637E1FD67C03EFD52" box="[185,297,704,726]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A032FFF73782FD67C01EFD52" bold="true" box="[218,265,704,726]" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">SVL</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163637FD67C0ABFD52" box="[367,444,704,726]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">25.8</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A0320016355DFD67C345FD52" box="[517,594,704,726]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">25.5</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A032001635C3FD67C3FFFD52" box="[667,744,704,726]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">25.7</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163463FD67C261FD52" box="[827,886,704,726]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">25.7</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163481FD67C513FD52" box="[985,1028,704,726]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">25.5</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163335FD67C58BFD52" box="[1133,1180,704,726]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">25.8</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A0320016325EFD67C471FD52" box="[1286,1382,704,726]" gridcol="7" gridrow="2" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">25.5–25.8</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="354FBB15A032001637E1FD40C471FD79" box="[185,1382,743,765]" gridrow="3" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<th id="769ED269A032001637E1FD40C03EFD79" box="[185,297,743,765]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A032FFF737BAFD4FC015FD79" bold="true" box="[226,258,744,765]" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">TL</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163637FD40C0ABFD79" box="[367,444,743,765]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">16.5</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A0320016355DFD40C345FD79" box="[517,594,743,765]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">15.7</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A032001635C3FD40C3FFFD79" box="[667,744,743,765]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">15.5</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163463FD40C261FD79" box="[827,886,743,765]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">15.9</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163481FD40C513FD79" box="[985,1028,743,765]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">15.5</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163335FD40C58BFD79" box="[1133,1180,743,765]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">16.5</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A0320016325EFD40C471FD79" box="[1286,1382,743,765]" gridcol="7" gridrow="3" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">15.5–16.5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="354FBB15A032001637E1FCA8C471FCA0" box="[185,1382,783,804]" gridrow="4" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<th id="769ED269A032001637E1FCA8C03EFCA0" box="[185,297,783,804]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A032FFF737B8FCA8C014FCA0" bold="true" box="[224,259,783,804]" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">HL</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163637FCA8C0ABFCA0" box="[367,444,783,804]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">9.0</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A0320016355DFCA8C345FCA0" box="[517,594,783,804]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">9.4</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A032001635C3FCA8C3FFFCA0" box="[667,744,783,804]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">9.4</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163463FCA8C261FCA0" box="[827,886,783,804]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">9.3</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163481FCA8C513FCA0" box="[985,1028,783,804]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">9.0</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163335FCA8C58BFCA0" box="[1133,1180,783,804]" gridcol="6" gridrow="4" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">9.4</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A0320016325EFCA8C471FCA0" box="[1286,1382,783,804]" gridcol="7" gridrow="4" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">9.0–9.4</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="354FBB15A032001637E1FC91C471FCC8" box="[185,1382,822,844]" gridrow="5" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<th id="769ED269A032001637E1FC91C03EFCC8" box="[185,297,822,844]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A032FFF73784FC91C010FCCF" bold="true" box="[220,263,822,843]" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">HW</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163637FC91C0ABFCC8" box="[367,444,822,844]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">8.2</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A0320016355DFC91C345FCC8" box="[517,594,822,844]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">8.3</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A032001635C3FC91C3FFFCC8" box="[667,744,822,844]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">8.5</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163463FC91C261FCC8" box="[827,886,822,844]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">8.3</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163481FC91C513FCC8" box="[985,1028,822,844]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">8.2</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163335FC91C58BFCC8" box="[1133,1180,822,844]" gridcol="6" gridrow="5" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">8.5</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A0320016325EFC91C471FCC8" box="[1286,1382,822,844]" gridcol="7" gridrow="5" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">8.2–8.5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="354FBB15A032001637E1FCFAC471FCF7" box="[185,1382,861,883]" gridrow="6" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<th id="769ED269A032001637E1FCFAC03EFCF7" box="[185,297,861,883]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A032FFF73780FCF9C01EFCF7" bold="true" box="[216,265,862,883]" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">EYE</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163637FCFAC0ABFCF7" box="[367,444,861,883]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">3.3</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A0320016355DFCFAC345FCF7" box="[517,594,861,883]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">3.3</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A032001635C3FCFAC3FFFCF7" box="[667,744,861,883]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">3.6</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163463FCFAC261FCF7" box="[827,886,861,883]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">3.4</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163481FCFAC513FCF7" box="[985,1028,861,883]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">3.3</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163335FCFAC58BFCF7" box="[1133,1180,861,883]" gridcol="6" gridrow="6" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">3.6</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A0320016325EFCFAC471FCF7" box="[1286,1382,861,883]" gridcol="7" gridrow="6" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">3.3–3.6</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="354FBB15A032001637E1FC22C471FC1F" box="[185,1382,901,923]" gridrow="7" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<th id="769ED269A032001637E1FC22C03EFC1F" box="[185,297,901,923]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A032FFF7378DFC22C01AFC1E" bold="true" box="[213,269,901,922]" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">TYM</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163637FC22C0ABFC1F" box="[367,444,901,923]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">2.7</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A0320016355DFC22C345FC1F" box="[517,594,901,923]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">2.6</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A032001635C3FC22C3FFFC1F" box="[667,744,901,923]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">2.9</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163463FC22C261FC1F" box="[827,886,901,923]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">2.7</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163481FC22C513FC1F" box="[985,1028,901,923]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">2.6</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163335FC22C58BFC1F" box="[1133,1180,901,923]" gridcol="6" gridrow="7" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">2.9</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A0320016325EFC22C471FC1F" box="[1286,1382,901,923]" gridcol="7" gridrow="7" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">2.6–2.9</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="354FBB15A032001637E1FC0BC471FC45" box="[185,1382,940,961]" gridrow="8" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<th id="769ED269A032001637E1FC0BC03EFC45" box="[185,297,940,961]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A032FFF737B8FC0BC016FC45" bold="true" box="[224,257,940,961]" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">EN</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163637FC0BC0ABFC45" box="[367,444,940,961]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">2.4</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A0320016355DFC0BC345FC45" box="[517,594,940,961]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">2.4</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A032001635C3FC0BC3FFFC45" box="[667,744,940,961]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">2.3</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163463FC0BC261FC45" box="[827,886,940,961]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">2.4</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163481FC0BC513FC45" box="[985,1028,940,961]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">2.3</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163335FC0BC58BFC45" box="[1133,1180,940,961]" gridcol="6" gridrow="8" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">2.4</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A0320016325EFC0BC471FC45" box="[1286,1382,940,961]" gridcol="7" gridrow="8" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">2.3–2.4</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="354FBB15A032001637E1FC74C471FC6D" box="[185,1382,979,1001]" gridrow="9" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<th id="769ED269A032001637E1FC74C03EFC6D" box="[185,297,979,1001]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A032FFF737BCFC73C1E8FC6D" bold="true" box="[228,255,980,1001]" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">IN</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163637FC74C0ABFC6D" box="[367,444,979,1001]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">2.2</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A0320016355DFC74C345FC6D" box="[517,594,979,1001]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">2.5</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A032001635C3FC74C3FFFC6D" box="[667,744,979,1001]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">2.6</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163463FC74C261FC6D" box="[827,886,979,1001]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">2.4</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163481FC74C513FC6D" box="[985,1028,979,1001]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">2.2</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163335FC74C58BFC6D" box="[1133,1180,979,1001]" gridcol="6" gridrow="9" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">2.6</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A0320016325EFC74C471FC6D" box="[1286,1382,979,1001]" gridcol="7" gridrow="9" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">2.2–2.6</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="354FBB15A032001637E1FC5CC471FB95" box="[185,1382,1019,1041]" gridrow="10" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<th id="769ED269A032001637E1FC5CC03EFB95" box="[185,297,1019,1041]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A032FFF73782FC5CC01FFB94" bold="true" box="[218,264,1019,1040]" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">4TD</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163637FC5CC0ABFB95" box="[367,444,1019,1041]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">1.4</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A0320016355DFC5CC345FB95" box="[517,594,1019,1041]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">1.3</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A032001635C3FC5CC3FFFB95" box="[667,744,1019,1041]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">1.5</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163463FC5CC261FB95" box="[827,886,1019,1041]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">1.4</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163481FC5CC513FB95" box="[985,1028,1019,1041]" gridcol="5" gridrow="10" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">1.3</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163335FC5CC58BFB95" box="[1133,1180,1019,1041]" gridcol="6" gridrow="10" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">1.5</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A0320016325EFC5CC471FB95" box="[1286,1382,1019,1041]" gridcol="7" gridrow="10" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">1.3–1.5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="354FBB15A032001637E1FB85C471FBB3" box="[185,1382,1058,1079]" gridrow="11" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<th id="769ED269A032001637E1FB85C03EFBB3" box="[185,297,1058,1079]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A032FFF73784FB85C010FBB3" bold="true" box="[220,263,1058,1079]" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">4TP</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163637FB85C0ABFBB3" box="[367,444,1058,1079]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">1.0</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A0320016355DFB85C345FBB3" box="[517,594,1058,1079]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">1.0</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A032001635C3FB85C3FFFBB3" box="[667,744,1058,1079]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">1.1</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163463FB85C261FBB3" box="[827,886,1058,1079]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">1.0</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163481FB85C513FBB3" box="[985,1028,1058,1079]" gridcol="5" gridrow="11" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">1.0</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163335FB85C58BFBB3" box="[1133,1180,1058,1079]" gridcol="6" gridrow="11" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">1.1</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A0320016325EFB85C471FBB3" box="[1286,1382,1058,1079]" gridcol="7" gridrow="11" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">1.0–1.1</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="354FBB15A032001637E1FBEEC471FBDB" box="[185,1382,1097,1119]" gridrow="12" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<th id="769ED269A032001637E1FBEEC03EFBDB" box="[185,297,1097,1119]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A032FFF73783FBEEC010FBDA" bold="true" box="[219,263,1097,1118]" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">3FD</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163637FBEEC0ABFBDB" box="[367,444,1097,1119]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">1.6</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A0320016355DFBEEC345FBDB" box="[517,594,1097,1119]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">1.5</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A032001635C3FBEEC3FFFBDB" box="[667,744,1097,1119]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">1.6</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163463FBEEC261FBDB" box="[827,886,1097,1119]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">1.6</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163481FBEEC513FBDB" box="[985,1028,1097,1119]" gridcol="5" gridrow="12" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">1.5</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163335FBEEC58BFBDB" box="[1133,1180,1097,1119]" gridcol="6" gridrow="12" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">1.6</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A0320016325EFBEEC471FBDB" box="[1286,1382,1097,1119]" gridcol="7" gridrow="12" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">1.5–1.6</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="354FBB15A032001637E1FBD6C471FB02" box="[185,1382,1137,1158]" gridrow="13" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<th id="769ED269A032001637E1FBD6C03EFB02" box="[185,297,1137,1158]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A032FFF73785FBD6C011FB02" bold="true" box="[221,262,1137,1158]" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">3FP</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163637FBD6C0ABFB02" box="[367,444,1137,1158]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">1.0</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A0320016355DFBD6C345FB02" box="[517,594,1137,1158]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">1.0</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A032001635C3FBD6C3FFFB02" box="[667,744,1137,1158]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">1.0</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163463FBD6C261FB02" box="[827,886,1137,1158]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">1.0</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163481FBD6C513FB02" box="[985,1028,1137,1158]" gridcol="5" gridrow="13" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">1.0</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163335FBD6C58BFB02" box="[1133,1180,1137,1158]" gridcol="6" gridrow="13" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">1.0</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A0320016325EFBD6C471FB02" box="[1286,1382,1137,1158]" gridcol="7" gridrow="13" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">1.0–1.0</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="354FBB15A032001637E1FB3FC471FB2A" box="[185,1382,1176,1198]" gridrow="14" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<th id="769ED269A032001637E1FB3FC03EFB2A" box="[185,297,1176,1198]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A032FFF7379FFB3FC00BFB2A" bold="true" box="[199,284,1176,1198]" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">TL/SVL</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163637FB3FC0ABFB2A" box="[367,444,1176,1198]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">0.64</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A0320016355DFB3FC345FB2A" box="[517,594,1176,1198]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">0.62</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A032001635C3FB3FC3FFFB2A" box="[667,744,1176,1198]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">0.60</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163463FB3FC261FB2A" box="[827,886,1176,1198]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">0.62</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163481FB3FC513FB2A" box="[985,1028,1176,1198]" gridcol="5" gridrow="14" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">0.60</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163335FB3FC58BFB2A" box="[1133,1180,1176,1198]" gridcol="6" gridrow="14" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">0.64</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A0320016325EFB3FC471FB2A" box="[1286,1382,1176,1198]" gridcol="7" gridrow="14" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">0.60–0.64</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="354FBB15A032001637E1FB18C471FB51" box="[185,1382,1215,1237]" gridrow="15" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<th id="769ED269A032001637E1FB18C03EFB51" box="[185,297,1215,1237]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A032FFF7379AFB18C035FB51" bold="true" box="[194,290,1215,1237]" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">HW/SVL</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163637FB18C0ABFB51" box="[367,444,1215,1237]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">0.32</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A0320016355DFB18C345FB51" box="[517,594,1215,1237]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">0.33</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A032001635C3FB18C3FFFB51" box="[667,744,1215,1237]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">0.33</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163463FB18C261FB51" box="[827,886,1215,1237]" gridcol="4" gridrow="15" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">0.32</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163481FB18C513FB51" box="[985,1028,1215,1237]" gridcol="5" gridrow="15" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">0.32</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163335FB18C58BFB51" box="[1133,1180,1215,1237]" gridcol="6" gridrow="15" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">0.33</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A0320016325EFB18C471FB51" box="[1286,1382,1215,1237]" gridcol="7" gridrow="15" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">0.32–0.33</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="354FBB15A032001637E1FB41C471FB79" box="[185,1382,1254,1277]" gridrow="16" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<th id="769ED269A032001637E1FB41C03EFB79" box="[185,297,1254,1277]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A032FFF7379EFB41C009FB78" bold="true" box="[198,286,1254,1276]" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">HL/SVL</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163637FB41C0ABFB79" box="[367,444,1254,1277]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">0.35</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A0320016355DFB41C345FB79" box="[517,594,1254,1277]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">0.37</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A032001635C3FB41C3FFFB79" box="[667,744,1254,1277]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">0.37</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163463FB41C261FB79" box="[827,886,1254,1277]" gridcol="4" gridrow="16" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">0.36</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163481FB41C513FB79" box="[985,1028,1254,1277]" gridcol="5" gridrow="16" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">0.35</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163335FB41C58BFB79" box="[1133,1180,1254,1277]" gridcol="6" gridrow="16" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">0.37</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A0320016325EFB41C471FB79" box="[1286,1382,1254,1277]" gridcol="7" gridrow="16" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">0.35–0.37</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="354FBB15A032001637E1FAA9C471FAA0" box="[185,1382,1294,1316]" gridrow="17" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<th id="769ED269A032001637E1FAA9C03EFAA0" box="[185,297,1294,1316]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A032FFF7379FFAA9C00CFAA0" bold="true" box="[199,283,1294,1316]" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">HL/HW</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163637FAA9C0ABFAA0" box="[367,444,1294,1316]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">1.10</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A0320016355DFAA9C345FAA0" box="[517,594,1294,1316]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">1.13</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A032001635C3FAA9C3FFFAA0" box="[667,744,1294,1316]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">1.11</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163463FAA9C261FAA0" box="[827,886,1294,1316]" gridcol="4" gridrow="17" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">1.11</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163481FAA9C513FAA0" box="[985,1028,1294,1316]" gridcol="5" gridrow="17" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">1.10</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163335FAA9C58BFAA0" box="[1133,1180,1294,1316]" gridcol="6" gridrow="17" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">1.13</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A0320016325EFAA9C471FAA0" box="[1286,1382,1294,1316]" gridcol="7" gridrow="17" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">1.10–1.13</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="354FBB15A032001637E1FA92C471FACF" box="[185,1382,1333,1355]" gridrow="18" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<th id="769ED269A032001637E1FA92C03EFACF" box="[185,297,1333,1355]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A032FFF737E6FA92C032FACF" bold="true" box="[190,293,1333,1355]" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">EYE/SVL</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163637FA92C0ABFACF" box="[367,444,1333,1355]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">0.13</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A0320016355DFA92C345FACF" box="[517,594,1333,1355]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">0.13</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A032001635C3FA92C3FFFACF" box="[667,744,1333,1355]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">0.14</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163463FA92C261FACF" box="[827,886,1333,1355]" gridcol="4" gridrow="18" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">0.13</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163481FA92C513FACF" box="[985,1028,1333,1355]" gridcol="5" gridrow="18" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">0.13</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163335FA92C58BFACF" box="[1133,1180,1333,1355]" gridcol="6" gridrow="18" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">0.14</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A0320016325EFA92C471FACF" box="[1286,1382,1333,1355]" gridcol="7" gridrow="18" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">0.13–0.14</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="354FBB15A032001637E1FAFBC471FAF6" box="[185,1382,1372,1394]" gridrow="19" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<th id="769ED269A032001637E1FAFBC03EFAF6" box="[185,297,1372,1394]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A032FFF737E3FAFBC03FFAF6" bold="true" box="[187,296,1372,1394]" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">TYM/SVL</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163637FAFBC0ABFAF6" box="[367,444,1372,1394]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">0.10</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A0320016355DFAFBC345FAF6" box="[517,594,1372,1394]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">0.10</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A032001635C3FAFBC3FFFAF6" box="[667,744,1372,1394]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">0.11</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163463FAFBC261FAF6" box="[827,886,1372,1394]" gridcol="4" gridrow="19" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">0.11</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163481FAFBC513FAF6" box="[985,1028,1372,1394]" gridcol="5" gridrow="19" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">0.10</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163335FAFBC58BFAF6" box="[1133,1180,1372,1394]" gridcol="6" gridrow="19" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">0.11</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A0320016325EFAFBC471FAF6" box="[1286,1382,1372,1394]" gridcol="7" gridrow="19" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">0.10–0.11</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="354FBB15A032001637E1FA23C471FA1E" box="[185,1382,1412,1434]" gridrow="20" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<th id="769ED269A032001637E1FA23C03EFA1E" box="[185,297,1412,1434]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A032FFF737E1FA23C03EFA1E" bold="true" box="[185,297,1412,1434]" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">TYM/EYE</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163637FA23C0ABFA1E" box="[367,444,1412,1434]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">0.82</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A0320016355DFA23C345FA1E" box="[517,594,1412,1434]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">0.79</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A032001635C3FA23C3FFFA1E" box="[667,744,1412,1434]" gridcol="3" gridrow="20" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">0.81</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163463FA23C261FA1E" box="[827,886,1412,1434]" gridcol="4" gridrow="20" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">0.80</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163481FA23C513FA1E" box="[985,1028,1412,1434]" gridcol="5" gridrow="20" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">0.79</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163335FA23C58BFA1E" box="[1133,1180,1412,1434]" gridcol="6" gridrow="20" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">0.82</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A0320016325EFA23C471FA1E" box="[1286,1382,1412,1434]" gridcol="7" gridrow="20" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">0.79–0.82</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="354FBB15A032001637E1FA0CC471FA45" box="[185,1382,1451,1473]" gridrow="21" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<th id="769ED269A032001637E1FA0CC03EFA45" box="[185,297,1451,1473]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A032FFF73788FA0CC005FA45" bold="true" box="[208,274,1451,1473]" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">EN/IN</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163637FA0CC0ABFA45" box="[367,444,1451,1473]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">1.09</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A0320016355DFA0CC345FA45" box="[517,594,1451,1473]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">0.96</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A032001635C3FA0CC3FFFA45" box="[667,744,1451,1473]" gridcol="3" gridrow="21" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">0.88</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163463FA0CC261FA45" box="[827,886,1451,1473]" gridcol="4" gridrow="21" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">0.98</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163481FA0CC513FA45" box="[985,1028,1451,1473]" gridcol="5" gridrow="21" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">0.88</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163335FA0CC58BFA45" box="[1133,1180,1451,1473]" gridcol="6" gridrow="21" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">1.09</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A0320016325EFA0CC471FA45" box="[1286,1382,1451,1473]" gridcol="7" gridrow="21" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">0.88–1.09</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="354FBB15A032001637E1FA75C471FA6C" box="[185,1382,1490,1512]" gridrow="22" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<th id="769ED269A032001637E1FA75C03EFA6C" box="[185,297,1490,1512]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A032FFF73798FA75C034FA6C" bold="true" box="[192,291,1490,1512]" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">4TD/SVL</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163637FA75C0ABFA6C" box="[367,444,1490,1512]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">0.05</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A0320016355DFA75C345FA6C" box="[517,594,1490,1512]" gridcol="2" gridrow="22" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">0.05</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A032001635C3FA75C3FFFA6C" box="[667,744,1490,1512]" gridcol="3" gridrow="22" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">0.06</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163463FA75C261FA6C" box="[827,886,1490,1512]" gridcol="4" gridrow="22" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">0.05</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163481FA75C513FA6C" box="[985,1028,1490,1512]" gridcol="5" gridrow="22" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">0.05</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163335FA75C58BFA6C" box="[1133,1180,1490,1512]" gridcol="6" gridrow="22" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">0.06</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A0320016325EFA75C471FA6C" box="[1286,1382,1490,1512]" gridcol="7" gridrow="22" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">0.05–0.06</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="354FBB15A032001637E1FA5DC471F994" box="[185,1382,1530,1552]" gridrow="23" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<th id="769ED269A032001637E1FA5DC03EF994" box="[185,297,1530,1552]" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A032FFF7379AFA5DC036F994" bold="true" box="[194,289,1530,1552]" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">4TD/4TP</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163637FA5DC0ABF994" box="[367,444,1530,1552]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">1.40</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A0320016355DFA5DC345F994" box="[517,594,1530,1552]" gridcol="2" gridrow="23" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">1.30</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A032001635C3FA5DC3FFF994" box="[667,744,1530,1552]" gridcol="3" gridrow="23" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">1.36</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163463FA5DC261F994" box="[827,886,1530,1552]" gridcol="4" gridrow="23" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">1.35</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163481FA5DC513F994" box="[985,1028,1530,1552]" gridcol="5" gridrow="23" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">1.30</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163335FA5DC58BF994" box="[1133,1180,1530,1552]" gridcol="6" gridrow="23" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">1.40</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A0320016325EFA5DC471F994" box="[1286,1382,1530,1552]" gridcol="7" gridrow="23" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">1.30–1.40</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="354FBB15A032001637E1F986C471F9B3" box="[185,1382,1569,1591]" gridrow="24" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<th id="769ED269A032001637E1F986C03EF9B3" box="[185,297,1569,1591]" gridcol="0" gridrow="24" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A032FFF73799F986C035F9B3" bold="true" box="[193,290,1569,1591]" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">3FD/SVL</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163637F986C0ABF9B3" box="[367,444,1569,1591]" gridcol="1" gridrow="24" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">0.06</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A0320016355DF986C345F9B3" box="[517,594,1569,1591]" gridcol="2" gridrow="24" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">0.06</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A032001635C3F986C3FFF9B3" box="[667,744,1569,1591]" gridcol="3" gridrow="24" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">0.06</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163463F986C261F9B3" box="[827,886,1569,1591]" gridcol="4" gridrow="24" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">0.06</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163481F986C513F9B3" box="[985,1028,1569,1591]" gridcol="5" gridrow="24" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">0.06</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163335F986C58BF9B3" box="[1133,1180,1569,1591]" gridcol="6" gridrow="24" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">0.06</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A0320016325EF986C471F9B3" box="[1286,1382,1569,1591]" gridcol="7" gridrow="24" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">0.06–0.06</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="354FBB15A032001637E1F9EFC471F9DA" box="[185,1382,1608,1630]" gridrow="25" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<th id="769ED269A032001637E1F9EFC03EF9DA" box="[185,297,1608,1630]" gridcol="0" gridrow="25" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A032FFF7379CF9EFC037F9DA" bold="true" box="[196,288,1608,1630]" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">3FD/3FP</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163637F9EFC0ABF9DA" box="[367,444,1608,1630]" gridcol="1" gridrow="25" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">1.60</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A0320016355DF9EFC345F9DA" box="[517,594,1608,1630]" gridcol="2" gridrow="25" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">1.50</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A032001635C3F9EFC3FFF9DA" box="[667,744,1608,1630]" gridcol="3" gridrow="25" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">1.60</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163463F9EFC261F9DA" box="[827,886,1608,1630]" gridcol="4" gridrow="25" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">1.57</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163481F9EFC513F9DA" box="[985,1028,1608,1630]" gridcol="5" gridrow="25" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">1.50</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163335F9EFC58BF9DA" box="[1133,1180,1608,1630]" gridcol="6" gridrow="25" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">1.60</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A0320016325EF9EFC471F9DA" box="[1286,1382,1608,1630]" gridcol="7" gridrow="25" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">1.50–1.60</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="354FBB15A032001637E1F9D7C471F902" box="[185,1382,1648,1670]" gridrow="26" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<th id="769ED269A032001637E1F9D7C03EF902" box="[185,297,1648,1670]" gridcol="0" gridrow="26" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A032FFF73799F9D7C036F902" bold="true" box="[193,289,1648,1670]" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">3FD/4TD</emphasis>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163637F9D7C0ABF902" box="[367,444,1648,1670]" gridcol="1" gridrow="26" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">1.14</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A0320016355DF9D7C345F902" box="[517,594,1648,1670]" gridcol="2" gridrow="26" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">1.15</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A032001635C3F9D7C3FFF902" box="[667,744,1648,1670]" gridcol="3" gridrow="26" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">1.07</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163463F9D7C261F902" box="[827,886,1648,1670]" gridcol="4" gridrow="26" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">1.12</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163481F9D7C513F902" box="[985,1028,1648,1670]" gridcol="5" gridrow="26" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">1.07</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A03200163335F9D7C58BF902" box="[1133,1180,1648,1670]" gridcol="6" gridrow="26" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">1.15</td>
|
||
<td id="769ED269A0320016325EF9D7C471F902" box="[1286,1382,1648,1670]" gridcol="7" gridrow="26" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">1.07–1.15</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C365EADCA032FFF6379FF912C3B1FCBD" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="182" pageId="30" pageNumber="181" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC0B957A032FFF7379FF912C279F8BF" blockId="30.[151,1437,1717,2032]" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A032FFF7379FF912C0E6F954" bold="true" box="[199,497,1717,1744]" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">Distribution and ecology</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7FC2D4A032FFF73558F911C3A2F94B" authority="Richards & Donnellan & Oliver, 2023" authorityName="Richards & Donnellan & Oliver" authorityYear="2023" box="[512,693,1717,1743]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="181" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="naispela" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A032FFF73558F911C3A2F94B" box="[512,693,1717,1743]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">Litoria naispela</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A032FFF735E5F911C20FF954" bold="true" box="[701,792,1718,1744]" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A238D83EA032FFF735E5F911C20FF954" box="[701,792,1718,1744]" pageId="30" pageNumber="181" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is known only from the vicinity of Herowana Village in Eastern
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49BB77B5A032FFF737ABF97EC0DFF977" box="[243,456,1753,1779]" country="United Kingdom" name="Highland" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">Highland Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
, on the southern slopes of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49BB77B5A032FFF735ADF97DC22EF970" box="[757,825,1754,1780]" country="Indonesia" name="Papua Barat" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">Papua</collectingRegion>
|
||
New Guinea’s Central Cordillera (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1344A5D2A032FFF7339BF97EC41EF970" box="[1219,1289,1753,1780]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1739,1763]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,676,1716]" captionTargetId="figure-179@9.[151,1436,676,1716]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 4. Map showing the distributions of Litoria species newly described species in this paper, and Litoria singadanae from the Huon Peninsula, Papua New Guniea. Blue square = Litoria daraiensis sp. nov., yellow triangle = Litoria gracilis sp. nov., red circle = Litoria haematogaster sp. nov., pale blue circles = Litoria lisae sp. nov., pink diamond = Litoria naispela sp. nov. and purple diamond = Litoria singadanae. Arrows indicate the type localities for Litoria gracilis sp. nov. and Litoria lisae sp. nov.." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7800926" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7800926/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
). The habitat where the species was encountered is moderately disturbed lower montane rainforest, although large areas around the village had been converted to gardens and coffee plantations.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC0B957A032FFF6379FF8E2C503FEE1" blockId="30.[151,1437,1717,2032]" lastBlockId="31.[151,1437,151,1041]" lastPageId="31" lastPageNumber="182" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
Observations on this species during three separate field expeditions suggest that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7FC2D4A032FFF7332BF8E1C5E4F8DB" authority="Richards & Donnellan & Oliver, 2023" authorityName="Richards & Donnellan & Oliver" authorityYear="2023" box="[1139,1267,1861,1887]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="181" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="naispela" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A032FFF7332BF8E1C5E4F8DB" box="[1139,1267,1861,1887]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">L. naispela</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A032FFF733A5F8E1C44DF8E4" bold="true" box="[1277,1370,1862,1888]" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A238D83EA032FFF733A5F8E1C44DF8E4" box="[1277,1370,1862,1888]" pageId="30" pageNumber="181" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is an obligate treehole breeder. Treeholes utilised by
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7FC2D4A032FFF735E5F8CDC22AF807" authority="Richards & Donnellan & Oliver, 2023" authorityName="Richards & Donnellan & Oliver" authorityYear="2023" box="[701,829,1897,1923]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="181" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="naispela" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A032FFF735E5F8CDC22AF807" box="[701,829,1897,1923]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">L. naispela</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A032FFF7341FF8CDC2B3F800" bold="true" box="[839,932,1898,1924]" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A238D83EA032FFF7341FF8CDC2B3F800" box="[839,932,1898,1924]" pageId="30" pageNumber="181" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
were between 1.0 and about 15.0 m above the ground and had openings of at least
|
||
<quantity id="4C8714B2A032FFF73531F82AC3C6F82C" box="[617,721,1933,1960]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="30" pageNumber="181" unit="cm" value="12.5" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="10.0">10–15cm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1344A5D2A032FFF73435F82AC2CFF82C" box="[877,984,1933,1960]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1597,1621]" captionTargetBox="[178,1410,309,1574]" captionTargetId="figure-87@29.[178,1410,309,1574]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 17. Breeding habitat, eggs and juveniles of Litoria naispela sp. nov., A) treehole approximately 1 m above the ground in lower montane rainforest near Herowana Village, Papua New Guinea, B) the same treehole, showing eggs glued under ‘lip’ (top left of photograph) of opening and free swimming tadpoles inside, C) close up of egg mass shown in B), illustrating eggs at different stages of development, D) a recently metamorphosed froglet (SAMA R71597) raised from a tadpole that was collected from this treehole, E) a juvenile frog (SAMA R71595) raised from a tadpole collected from this treehole. Photos by S. Richards." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7800962" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7800962/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">Fig. 17A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Clutch size was between 10–
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D7972DEA032FFF73266F82AC48FF82C" box="[1342,1432,1933,1960]" pageId="30" pageNumber="181" type="egg">15 eggs</specimenCount>
|
||
, which were glued to the vertical surfaces of tree trunks about
|
||
<quantity id="4C8714B2A032FFF73412F815C2AEF848" box="[842,953,1970,1996]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="30" pageNumber="181" unit="cm" value="15.0" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="10.0">10–20 cm</quantity>
|
||
above the treehole openings (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1344A5D2A032FFF73250F816C487F848" box="[1288,1424,1969,1996]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1597,1621]" captionTargetBox="[178,1410,309,1574]" captionTargetId="figure-87@29.[178,1410,309,1574]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 17. Breeding habitat, eggs and juveniles of Litoria naispela sp. nov., A) treehole approximately 1 m above the ground in lower montane rainforest near Herowana Village, Papua New Guinea, B) the same treehole, showing eggs glued under ‘lip’ (top left of photograph) of opening and free swimming tadpoles inside, C) close up of egg mass shown in B), illustrating eggs at different stages of development, D) a recently metamorphosed froglet (SAMA R71597) raised from a tadpole that was collected from this treehole, E) a juvenile frog (SAMA R71595) raised from a tadpole collected from this treehole. Photos by S. Richards." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7800962" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7800962/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">Fig. 17B–C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Embryos developed into fully formed tadpoles within the egg capsule attached to the tree trunk (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1344A5D2A032FFF73387F872C453F874" box="[1247,1348,2005,2032]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1597,1621]" captionTargetBox="[178,1410,309,1574]" captionTargetId="figure-87@29.[178,1410,309,1574]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 17. Breeding habitat, eggs and juveniles of Litoria naispela sp. nov., A) treehole approximately 1 m above the ground in lower montane rainforest near Herowana Village, Papua New Guinea, B) the same treehole, showing eggs glued under ‘lip’ (top left of photograph) of opening and free swimming tadpoles inside, C) close up of egg mass shown in B), illustrating eggs at different stages of development, D) a recently metamorphosed froglet (SAMA R71597) raised from a tadpole that was collected from this treehole, E) a juvenile frog (SAMA R71595) raised from a tadpole collected from this treehole. Photos by S. Richards." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7800962" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7800962/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="181">Fig. 17C</figureCitation>
|
||
) before dropping into the treehole below, usually during heavy rain (S. Richards pers. obs.). This reproductive strategy is an example of Mode 26 of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEEC4A6A033FFF636FEFF1CC3D0FF51" author="Haddad, C. F. B. & Prado, C. P. A." box="[422,711,186,213]" pageId="31" pageNumber="182" pagination="207 - 217" refId="ref23513" refString="Haddad, C. F. B. & Prado, C. P. A. (2005) Reproductive Modes in Frogs and Their Unexpected Diversity in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil. Bioscience, 55, 207 - 217. https: // doi. org / 10.1641 / 0006 - 3568 (2005) 055 [0207: RMIFAT] 2.0. CO; 2" type="journal article" year="2005">Haddad and Prado (2005)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and is shared with its close relative
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7FC2D4A033FFF63306FF1CC5F5FF51" authorityName="Dennis & Cunningham" authorityYear="2006" box="[1118,1250,187,213]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="31" pageNumber="182" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="richardsi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A033FFF63306FF1CC5F5FF51" box="[1118,1250,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="182">L. richardsi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which has been observed vocalising adjacent to a treehole with egg clutches glued above the opening and free-swimming tadpoles inside (S. Richards, pers. obs.). The reproductive mode of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7FC2D4A033FFF63410FEA4C2FCFE99" authorityName="Richards" authorityYear="2005" box="[840,1003,259,285]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="31" pageNumber="182" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="singadanae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A033FFF63410FEA4C2FCFE99" box="[840,1003,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="182">L. singadanae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, this species’ closest known relative, remains unknown, but
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEEC4A6A033FFF636CEFE80C35CFEC5" author="Richards, S. J." box="[406,587,294,321]" pageId="31" pageNumber="182" pagination="29 - 39" refId="ref24883" refString="Richards, S. J. (2005) A new species of treefrog (Anura: Hylidae: Litoria) from the Huon Peninsula, Papua New Guinea. Zootaxa, 1052 (1), 29 - 39. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1052.1.3" type="journal article" year="2005">Richards (2005)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
noted the absence of lentic waterbodies in the area where it was discovered, so it seems highly likely that it has a reproductive strategy like its two relatives.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC0B957A033FFF6379FFEC8C029FD01" blockId="31.[151,1437,151,1041]" pageId="31" pageNumber="182">
|
||
In their contrasting dark brown and white dorsal patterns, recently metamorphosed froglets raised from tadpoles at Herowana bear a striking resemblance in colour and patterning to bird droppings (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1344A5D2A033FFF6333AFE34C5DBFE29" box="[1122,1228,403,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 17" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1597,1621]" captionTargetBox="[178,1410,309,1574]" captionTargetId="figure-87@29.[178,1410,309,1574]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 17. Breeding habitat, eggs and juveniles of Litoria naispela sp. nov., A) treehole approximately 1 m above the ground in lower montane rainforest near Herowana Village, Papua New Guinea, B) the same treehole, showing eggs glued under ‘lip’ (top left of photograph) of opening and free swimming tadpoles inside, C) close up of egg mass shown in B), illustrating eggs at different stages of development, D) a recently metamorphosed froglet (SAMA R71597) raised from a tadpole that was collected from this treehole, E) a juvenile frog (SAMA R71595) raised from a tadpole collected from this treehole. Photos by S. Richards." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7800962" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7800962/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="182">Fig. 17D</figureCitation>
|
||
). All the treeholes containing
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7FC2D4A033FFF6364BFE10C099FE55" authority="Richards & Donnellan & Oliver, 2023" authorityName="Richards & Donnellan & Oliver" authorityYear="2023" box="[275,398,439,465]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="31" pageNumber="182" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="naispela" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A033FFF6364BFE10C099FE55" box="[275,398,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="182">L. naispela</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A033FFF636CCFE10C0FBFE55" bold="true" box="[404,492,439,465]" pageId="31" pageNumber="182">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A238D83EA033FFF636CCFE10C0FBFE55" box="[404,492,439,465]" pageId="31" pageNumber="182" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
tadpoles around Herowana were known by local informants to be sources of drinking water frequented by birds. We hypothesis that this species has evolved a colour pattern resembling bird droppings to reduce their detectability to predators when they emerge from treeholes. This mimicry or masquerade behaviour may be convergent on distantly related treefrogs from the Neotropics (
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A033FFF63431FD84C58DFDB8" box="[873,1178,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="182">Dendropsohus marmoratus</emphasis>
|
||
Laurenti;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7FC2D4A033FFF63254FD84C471FDB9" authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1815" box="[1292,1382,547,573]" class="Amphibia" family="Hylidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="31" pageNumber="182" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Hylidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and Indochina (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7FC2D4A033FFF63640FDE0C390FDE5" authority="Boulenger" authorityName="Boulenger" box="[280,647,583,609]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" genus="Theloderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="31" pageNumber="182" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="asperum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A033FFF63640FDE0C310FDE4" box="[280,519,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="182">Theloderma asperum</emphasis>
|
||
Boulenger
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7FC2D4A033FFF635CBFDE0C228FDE5" authorityName="Hoffman" authorityYear="1932" box="[659,831,583,609]" class="Amphibia" family="Rhacophoridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="31" pageNumber="182" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Rhacophoridae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) that have similar colouration and ecology (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEEC4A6A033FFF63268FDE0C025FD01" author="Toledo, L. F. & Haddad, C. F. B." pageId="31" pageNumber="182" pagination="910892" refId="ref25500" refString="Toledo, L. F. & Haddad, C. F. B. (2008) Colors and some morphological traits as defensive mechanisms in Anurans. International Journal of Zoology, 2009, Article ID 910892. https: // doi. org / 10.1155 / 2009 / 910892" type="journal article" year="2008">Toledo & Haddad 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC0B957A033FFF6379FFD29C3B1FCBD" blockId="31.[151,1437,151,1041]" pageId="31" pageNumber="182">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A033FFF6379FFD29C0C0FD2C" bold="true" box="[199,471,654,680]" pageId="31" pageNumber="182">IUCN Red-List Status.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7FC2D4A033FFF63686FD28C385FD2D" authority="Richards & Donnellan & Oliver, 2023" authorityName="Richards & Donnellan & Oliver" authorityYear="2023" box="[478,658,655,681]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="31" pageNumber="182" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="naispela" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A033FFF63686FD28C385FD2D" box="[478,658,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="182">Litoria naispela</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A033FFF635C1FD28C3E4FD2D" bold="true" box="[665,755,655,681]" pageId="31" pageNumber="182">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A238D83EA033FFF635C1FD28C3E4FD2D" box="[665,755,655,681]" pageId="31" pageNumber="182" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is known only from the vicinity of Herowana village, where forest has been extensively cleared for gardens and coffee plantations. However, Herowana is within a protected area, the Crater Mountains Wildlife Management Area, and extensive tracts of primary forest remain in the region. Until the species’ distribution, habitat requirements and any potential threats are better documented we recommend that it be listed as Data Deficient by the IUCN.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C365EADCA033FFF6379FFCE4C442FB95" pageId="31" pageNumber="182" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC0B957A033FFF6379FFCE4C5DFFCD9" blockId="31.[151,1437,151,1041]" box="[199,1224,835,861]" pageId="31" pageNumber="182">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A033FFF6379FFCE4C059FCD9" bold="true" box="[199,334,835,861]" pageId="31" pageNumber="182">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The word naispela is from the Melanesian pidgin meaning ‘pretty’, ‘beautiful’.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC0B957A033FFF6379FFCC0C442FB95" blockId="31.[151,1437,151,1041]" pageId="31" pageNumber="182">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A033FFF6379FFCC0C0CCFC04" bold="true" box="[199,475,870,897]" pageId="31" pageNumber="182">Molecular divergences.</emphasis>
|
||
Based on analyses of a 787 base pair alignment from the mitochondrial
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A033FFF633A5FCC0C424FC05" box="[1277,1331,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="182">ND4</emphasis>
|
||
gene and flanking tRNA
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7FC2D4A033FFF6361CFC2CC0D6FC21" authority="Richards & Donnellan & Oliver, 2023" authorityName="Richards & Donnellan & Oliver" authorityYear="2023" box="[324,449,907,933]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="31" pageNumber="182" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="naispela" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A033FFF6361CFC2CC0D6FC21" box="[324,449,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="182">L. naispela</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A033FFF63690FC2CC335FC21" bold="true" box="[456,546,907,933]" pageId="31" pageNumber="182">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A238D83EA033FFF63690FC2CC335FC21" box="[456,546,907,933]" pageId="31" pageNumber="182" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is closely related to and strongly supported as the sister taxon to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7FC2D4A033FFF633A5FC2CC48BFC21" authorityName="Richards" authorityYear="2005" box="[1277,1436,907,933]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="31" pageNumber="182" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="singadanae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A033FFF633A5FC2CC48BFC21" box="[1277,1436,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="182">L. singadanae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Huon Peninsula (
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A033FFF63699FC08C0F7FC4D" box="[449,480,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="182">dA</emphasis>
|
||
between the taxa of 0.07,
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6FD8CECA033FFF6345FFC08C24AFC4D" box="[775,861,943,969]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,239,151,175]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="TABLE 2. Average net genetic distances (dA) between new Litoria species described herein and near relatives, based on data from the mitochondrial ND4 gene and flanking tRNA." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF00E9DFA025FFE037CFFF30C219FF50" pageId="31" pageNumber="182" tableUuid="DF00E9DFA025FFE037CFFF30C219FF50">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A033FFF6342AFC08C286FC4D" box="[882,913,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="182">dA</emphasis>
|
||
between sister species pairs in other groups of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7FC2D4A033FFF637CFFC74C1F2FC68" authorityName="sensu Tyler & Davies" authorityYear="1978" box="[151,229,979,1004]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="31" pageNumber="182" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A033FFF637CFFC74C1F2FC68" box="[151,229,979,1004]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="182">Litoria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
ranges from 0.04 to 0.25 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEEC4A6A033FFF63548FC74C21FFC69" author="Donnellan, S. C. & Catalano, S. & Pederson, S. & Mitchell, K. & Suhendran, A. & Price, L. C. & Doughty, P. & Richards, S. J." box="[528,776,979,1005]" pageId="31" pageNumber="182" pagination="211 - 240" refId="ref23252" refString="Donnellan, S. C., Catalano, S., Pederson, S., Mitchell, K., Suhendran, A., Price, L. C., Doughty, P. & Richards, S. J. (2021) Revision of the Litoria watjulumensis (Anura: Pelodryadidae) group from the Australian monsoonal tropics, including the resurrection of L. spaldingi. Zootaxa, 4933 (2), 211 - 240. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4933.2.3" type="journal article" year="2021">
|
||
Donnellan
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A033FFF635D6FC74C3D1FC69" box="[654,710,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="182">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2021
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEEC4A6A033FFF6344CFC74C2F9FC69" author="Rowley, J. & Mahony, M. J. & Hines, H. B. & Myers, S. & Aplin, K. P. & Price, L. & Donnellan, S. C." box="[788,1006,979,1005]" pageId="31" pageNumber="182" pagination="1 - 41" refId="ref25312" refString="Rowley, J., Mahony, M. J., Hines, H. B., Myers, S., Aplin, K. P., Price, L. & Donnellan, S. C. (2021) Two new species from the Litoria rubella species group from eastern Australia. Zootaxa, 5071 (1), 1 - 41. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5071.1.1" type="journal article" year="2021">
|
||
Rowley
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A033FFF6342AFC74C2BCFC69" box="[882,939,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="182">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2021
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The clade comprising these two taxa is in turn allied to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7FC2D4A033FFF6363CFC50C0F0FB95" authorityName="Dennis & Cunningham" authorityYear="2006" box="[356,487,1015,1041]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="31" pageNumber="182" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="richardsi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A033FFF6363CFC50C0F0FB95" box="[356,487,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="182">L. richardsi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but this taxon is much more divergent from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7FC2D4A033FFF634B9FC50C549FB95" authority="Richards & Donnellan & Oliver, 2023" authorityName="Richards & Donnellan & Oliver" authorityYear="2023" box="[993,1118,1015,1041]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="31" pageNumber="182" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="naispela" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A033FFF634B9FC50C549FB95" box="[993,1118,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="182">L. naispela</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A033FFF6333DFC50C5A9FB95" bold="true" box="[1125,1214,1015,1041]" pageId="31" pageNumber="182">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A238D83EA033FFF6333DFC50C5A9FB95" box="[1125,1214,1015,1041]" pageId="31" pageNumber="182" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B90B6545A033FFF63397FC50C5F9FB95" box="[1231,1262,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="182">dA</emphasis>
|
||
of 0.17).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |