treatments-xml/data/03/BB/87/03BB87C05C190C75FF68B0458698FEDD.xml

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<mods:title id="AE2D5A67B8649E441D18A9696498DCDB">Revision of the Chinese Macropelopia (Diptera: Chironomidae: Tanypodinae) with description of a new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="86EC5E75A15EC41A76C7EAD0457743C1">Tang, Hongqu</mods:namePart>
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<taxonomicName id="4C124D555C190C71FF68B0458673F99A" ID-CoL="9HXYB" authority="Tang et Niitsuma" authorityName="Tang et Niitsuma" authorityYear="2020" box="[151,871,1600,1627]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Macropelopia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="208" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pergrandis" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Macropelopia">
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(
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) 
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C190C71FDF6B045879FF99B" bold="true" box="[521,651,1600,1627]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="208">pergrandis</emphasis>
Tang 
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Niitsuma
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(
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)
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), 
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: 
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, 
<collectingMunicipality id="6BC9ACAC5C190C71FCB0B0A986CFF906" box="[847,987,1708,1734]" pageId="1" pageNumber="208">Anning City</collectingMunicipality>
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<location id="8ECD600D5C190C71FC19B0A98018F907" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BB87C05C190C75FF68B0458698FEDD:8ECD600D5C190C71FC19B0A98018F907" box="[998,1292,1708,1735]" country="China" municipality="Anning City" name="Shuishenqiao Scenic Area" pageId="1" pageNumber="208" stateProvince="Yunnan">Shuishenqiao Scenic Area</location>
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: 
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<collectingDate id="EFE8E9FE5C190C71FADBB0D5808CF92A" box="[1316,1432,1744,1770]" pageId="1" pageNumber="208" value="2016-10-27">27.x.2016</collectingDate>
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; 2 
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<materialsCitation id="3B7A3C8B5C190C71FF2DB0F0802DF8CF" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3020126321" box="[210,1337,1780,1807]" collectingDate="2017-06-05" collectorName="Pe" country="China" county="Pingbian County" elevation="2100" location="Daweishan" municipality="Honghe Pref." pageId="1" pageNumber="208" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Yunnan" typeStatus="paratype">
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NNR, alt. 
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; 4P, 2 
<collectorName id="26E753005C190C71FAE5B0F0802DF8CF" box="[1306,1337,1781,1807]" pageId="1" pageNumber="208">Pe</collectorName>
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<materialsCitation id="3B7A3C8B5C190C71FAB8B0F081ADF8F3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3020126305" collectingDate="2017-10-15" collectorName="Pe" country="China" county="Nujiang Pref." elevation="4000" location="Pihe Town" municipality="Fugong City" pageId="1" pageNumber="208" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Yunnan" typeStatus="paratype">
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<location id="8ECD600D5C190C71FDDBB11D87B4F8F3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BB87C05C190C75FF68B0458698FEDD:8ECD600D5C190C71FDDBB11D87B4F8F3" box="[548,672,1816,1843]" country="China" county="Nujiang Pref." municipality="Fugong City" name="Pihe Town" pageId="1" pageNumber="208" stateProvince="Yunnan">Pihe Town</location>
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<location id="8ECD600D5C190C71FD53B11C8651F8F2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BB87C05C190C75FF68B0458698FEDD:8ECD600D5C190C71FD53B11C8651F8F2" box="[684,837,1816,1843]" country="China" county="Nujiang Pref." municipality="Fugong City" name="Fugong Lake" pageId="1" pageNumber="208" stateProvince="Yunnan">Fugong Lake</location>
, alt. 
<quantity id="4CEA9B335C190C71FC82B11C86C1F8F3" box="[893,981,1817,1843]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="208" unit="m" value="4000.0">
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; 2P, 3 
<collectorName id="26E753005C190C71FB66B11C81ADF8F3" box="[1177,1209,1817,1843]" pageId="1" pageNumber="208">Pe</collectorName>
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<materialsCitation id="3B7A3C8B5C190C71FB3AB11C816CF897" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3020126318" collectingDate="2018-05-20" collectorName="Pe" country="China" elevation="2150" location="Dali University" municipality="Dali City" pageId="1" pageNumber="208" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Yunnan" typeStatus="paratype">
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<collectingMunicipality id="6BC9ACAC5C190C71FA93B11D85DCF896" pageId="1" pageNumber="208">Dali City</collectingMunicipality>
, pond in campus of 
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; 2M (teneral), 3P, 4 
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, 
<materialsCitation id="3B7A3C8B5C190C71FB7AB138868FF8BB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3020126320" collectingDate="2018-05-21" collectorName="Pe" country="China" county="Yangbi County" elevation="1730" location="Shimeiguan Scenic Area" municipality="Dali City" pageId="1" pageNumber="208" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Yunnan" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectingRegion id="49D6F8345C190C71FB7AB1388035F897" box="[1157,1313,1853,1879]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="1" pageNumber="208">Yunnan Prov.</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="6BC9ACAC5C190C71FAD1B139808CF896" box="[1326,1432,1852,1878]" pageId="1" pageNumber="208">Dali City</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<collectingCounty id="62CC4E5A5C190C71FF68B1658455F8BB" box="[151,321,1888,1915]" pageId="1" pageNumber="208">Yangbi County</collectingCounty>
, 
<location id="8ECD600D5C190C71FEB5B165874AF8BB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BB87C05C190C75FF68B0458698FEDD:8ECD600D5C190C71FEB5B165874AF8BB" box="[330,606,1888,1915]" country="China" county="Yangbi County" municipality="Dali City" name="Shimeiguan Scenic Area" pageId="1" pageNumber="208" stateProvince="Yunnan">Shimeiguan Scenic Area</location>
, alt. 
<quantity id="4CEA9B335C190C71FD6EB16487F3F8BB" box="[657,743,1889,1915]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.73" pageId="1" pageNumber="208" unit="m" value="1730.0">
<elevation id="003FD1E55C190C71FD6EB16487F3F8BB" box="[657,743,1889,1915]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.73" pageId="1" pageNumber="208" unit="m" value="1730.0">1730 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<date id="FFAC10165C190C71FD0DB1648670F8BB" box="[754,868,1889,1915]" pageId="1" pageNumber="208" value="2018-05-21">
<collectingDate id="EFE8E9FE5C190C71FD0DB1648670F8BB" box="[754,868,1889,1915]" pageId="1" pageNumber="208" value="2018-05-21">21.v.2018</collectingDate>
</date>
; 2 
<collectorName id="26E753005C190C71FC83B164868FF8BB" box="[892,923,1889,1915]" pageId="1" pageNumber="208">Pe</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
, 
<materialsCitation id="3B7A3C8B5C190C71FC5BB16481A8F85F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3020126306" collectingDate="2018-05-22" collectorName="Pe" country="China" county="Baoshan City" elevation="1550" location="Mangkuan Ethnic Town" municipality="Longyang Dist." pageId="1" pageNumber="208" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Yunnan" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectingRegion id="49D6F8345C190C71FC5BB1648129F8BB" box="[932,1085,1889,1915]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="1" pageNumber="208">Yunnan Prov.</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCounty id="62CC4E5A5C190C71FBB9B16581CAF8BA" box="[1094,1246,1888,1914]" pageId="1" pageNumber="208">Baoshan City</collectingCounty>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="6BC9ACAC5C190C71FB17B164808CF8BA" box="[1256,1432,1888,1915]" pageId="1" pageNumber="208">Longyang Dist.</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location id="8ECD600D5C190C71FF68B18184B2F85F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BB87C05C190C75FF68B0458698FEDD:8ECD600D5C190C71FF68B18184B2F85F" box="[151,422,1924,1951]" country="China" county="Baoshan City" municipality="Longyang Dist." name="Mangkuan Ethnic Town" pageId="1" pageNumber="208" stateProvince="Yunnan">Mangkuan Ethnic Town</location>
, 
<location id="8ECD600D5C190C71FE4EB181874FF85E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BB87C05C190C75FF68B0458698FEDD:8ECD600D5C190C71FE4EB181874FF85E" box="[433,603,1924,1950]" country="China" county="Baoshan City" municipality="Longyang Dist." name="Gaoligongshan" pageId="1" pageNumber="208" stateProvince="Yunnan">Gaoligongshan</location>
NNR, 
<location id="8ECD600D5C190C71FD55B1818669F85E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BB87C05C190C75FF68B0458698FEDD:8ECD600D5C190C71FD55B1818669F85E" box="[682,893,1924,1950]" country="China" county="Baoshan City" municipality="Longyang Dist." name="Baihualing Station" pageId="1" pageNumber="208" stateProvince="Yunnan">Baihualing Station</location>
, alt. 
<quantity id="4CEA9B335C190C71FC4EB1818113F85F" box="[945,1031,1924,1951]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" pageId="1" pageNumber="208" unit="m" value="1550.0">
<elevation id="003FD1E55C190C71FC4EB1818113F85F" box="[945,1031,1924,1951]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" pageId="1" pageNumber="208" unit="m" value="1550.0">1550 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<date id="FFAC10165C190C71FBECB1808190F85F" box="[1043,1156,1925,1951]" pageId="1" pageNumber="208" value="2018-05-22">
<collectingDate id="EFE8E9FE5C190C71FBECB1808190F85F" box="[1043,1156,1925,1951]" pageId="1" pageNumber="208" value="2018-05-22">22.v.2018</collectingDate>
</date>
; 2 
<collectorName id="26E753005C190C71FB62B18081A8F85F" box="[1181,1212,1925,1951]" pageId="1" pageNumber="208">Pe</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
, 
<materialsCitation id="3B7A3C8B5C190C71FB3AB180814BF803" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3020126322" collectingDate="2018-06-19" collectorName="X. Wen" country="China" county="Diqing Pref." elevation="3066" location="Zange Town" municipality="Xianggelila City" pageId="1" pageNumber="208" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Yunnan" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectingRegion id="49D6F8345C190C71FB3AB180804BF85F" box="[1221,1375,1925,1951]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="1" pageNumber="208">Yunnan Prov.</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCounty id="62CC4E5A5C190C71FA96B18185E8F802" pageId="1" pageNumber="208">Diqing Pref.</collectingCounty>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="6BC9ACAC5C190C71FEF7B1AD84D0F802" box="[264,452,1960,1986]" pageId="1" pageNumber="208">Xianggelila City</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location id="8ECD600D5C190C71FE2FB1AC8774F803" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BB87C05C190C75FF68B0458698FEDD:8ECD600D5C190C71FE2FB1AC8774F803" box="[464,608,1961,1987]" country="China" county="Diqing Pref." municipality="Xianggelila City" name="Zange Town" pageId="1" pageNumber="208" stateProvince="Yunnan">Zange Town</location>
, stream, alt. 
<quantity id="4CEA9B335C190C71FD0EB1AD865DF803" box="[753,841,1960,1987]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.066" pageId="1" pageNumber="208" unit="m" value="3066.0">
<elevation id="003FD1E55C190C71FD0EB1AD865DF803" box="[753,841,1960,1987]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.066" pageId="1" pageNumber="208" unit="m" value="3066.0">3066 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<date id="FFAC10165C190C71FCA9B1AD86C4F802" box="[854,976,1960,1986]" pageId="1" pageNumber="208" value="2018-06-19">
<collectingDate id="EFE8E9FE5C190C71FCA9B1AD86C4F802" box="[854,976,1960,1986]" pageId="1" pageNumber="208" value="2018-06-19">19.vi.2018</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="26E753005C190C71FC22B1AC8121F803" box="[989,1077,1961,1987]" pageId="1" pageNumber="208">X. Wen</collectorName>
; 1P
</materialsCitation>
, 
<materialsCitation id="3B7A3C8B5C190C72FB94B1AD8752FF71" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3020126307" collectingDate="2015-08-05" collectorName="Pe" country="China" county="Medog County" elevation="2345" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="209" location="Yarlung Tsangpo Grand Canyon" municipality="Nyingchi Pref." pageId="1" pageNumber="208" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Xizang" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectingRegion id="49D6F8345C190C71FB94B1AD808CF802" box="[1131,1432,1960,1987]" country="China" name="Xizang" pageId="1" pageNumber="208">Tibet Autonomous Region</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="6BC9ACAC5C190C71FF68B1C98456F826" box="[151,322,1996,2022]" pageId="1" pageNumber="208">Nyingchi Pref.</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<collectingCounty id="62CC4E5A5C190C71FEB1B1C984EFF827" box="[334,507,1996,2023]" pageId="1" pageNumber="208">Medog County</collectingCounty>
, 
<location id="8ECD600D5C190C71FDF8B1C9866DF827" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BB87C05C190C75FF68B0458698FEDD:8ECD600D5C190C71FDF8B1C9866DF827" box="[519,889,1996,2023]" country="China" county="Medog County" municipality="Nyingchi Pref." name="Yarlung Tsangpo Grand Canyon" pageId="1" pageNumber="208" stateProvince="Xizang">Yarlung Tsangpo Grand Canyon</location>
, 
<location id="8ECD600D5C190C71FC79B1C98190F826" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BB87C05C190C75FF68B0458698FEDD:8ECD600D5C190C71FC79B1C98190F826" box="[902,1156,1996,2022]" country="China" county="Medog County" municipality="Nyingchi Pref." name="Zhamog-Medog Road" pageId="1" pageNumber="208" stateProvince="Xizang">Zhamog-Medog Road</location>
, between mileposts 62K and 80K, alt. 
<quantity id="4CEA9B335C1A0C72FED0B6938492FF71" box="[303,390,150,177]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3449999999999998" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" unit="m" value="2345.0">
<elevation id="003FD1E55C1A0C72FED0B6938492FF71" box="[303,390,150,177]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3449999999999998" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" unit="m" value="2345.0">2345 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<date id="FFAC10165C1A0C72FE6DB693871AFF71" box="[402,526,150,177]" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" value="2015-08-05">
<collectingDate id="EFE8E9FE5C1A0C72FE6DB693871AFF71" box="[402,526,150,177]" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" value="2015-08-05">5.viii.2015</collectingDate>
</date>
; 3 
<collectorName id="26E753005C1A0C72FDD9B6928752FF71" box="[550,582,151,177]" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">Pe</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
, 
<materialsCitation id="3B7A3C8B5C1A0C72FDADB692846FFF15" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3020126309" collectingDate="2018-07-21" collectionCode="T" collectorName="W. Han &amp; G. Gou" country="China" elevation="1010" location="Bifengxia Scenic Area" municipality="Ya'an City" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sichuan" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectingRegion id="49D6F8345C1A0C72FDADB69287E4FF71" box="[594,752,151,177]" country="China" name="Sichuan" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">Sichuan Prov.</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="6BC9ACAC5C1A0C72FD05B6928660FF71" box="[762,884,151,177]" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">Ya’an City</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location id="8ECD600D5C1A0C72FC80B6928169FF71" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BB87C05C190C75FF68B0458698FEDD:8ECD600D5C1A0C72FC80B6928169FF71" box="[895,1149,151,177]" country="China" municipality="Ya'an City" name="Bifengxia Scenic Area" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" stateProvince="Sichuan">Bifengxia Scenic Area</location>
, alt. 
<quantity id="4CEA9B335C1A0C72FB4CB692801EFF71" box="[1203,1290,151,177]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.01" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" unit="m" value="1010.0">
<elevation id="003FD1E55C1A0C72FB4CB692801EFF71" box="[1203,1290,151,177]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.01" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" unit="m" value="1010.0">1010 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<date id="FFAC10165C1A0C72FAE9B6928083FF71" box="[1302,1431,151,177]" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" value="2018-07-21">
<collectingDate id="EFE8E9FE5C1A0C72FAE9B6928083FF71" box="[1302,1431,151,177]" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" value="2018-07-21">21.vii.2018</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="26E753005C1A0C72FF68B6BE85F8FF15" box="[151,236,187,213]" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">W. Han</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectionCode id="ED03AE135C1A0C72FEF0B6BE8436FF15" box="[271,290,187,213]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">T</collectionCode>
. 
<collectorName id="26E753005C1A0C72FED9B6BE846FFF15" box="[294,379,187,213]" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">G. Gou</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C308655D5C1A0C72FF38B6DA85C6FEDD" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BAD36D65C1A0C72FF38B6DA85C6FEDD" blockId="2.[151,1437,150,825]" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1A0C72FF38B6DA845AFF39" bold="true" box="[199,334,223,249]" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">Etymology.</emphasis>
From the Latin 
<taxonomicName id="4C124D555C1A0C72FE01B6DA876CFF39" authorityName="Tang et Niitsuma" authorityYear="2020" box="[510,632,223,249]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Macropelopia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pergrandis">
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1A0C72FE01B6DA876CFF39" box="[510,632,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">pergrandis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, very large, referring to the very large plastron plate in the pupal thoracic horn.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C308655D5C1A0C73FF38B7238708FE11" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="210" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BAD36D65C1A0C72FF38B723865DFE81" blockId="2.[151,1437,150,825]" box="[199,841,294,321]" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1A0C72FF38B7238489FE81" bold="true" box="[199,413,294,321]" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">Description. Male</emphasis>
(n = 3). Total length 4.8–7.0, 
<quantity id="4CEA9B335C1A0C72FD13B7238651FE81" box="[748,837,294,321]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.7" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" unit="mm" value="5.7">5.7 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAD36D65C1A0C72FF38B74E8187FE6D" blockId="2.[151,1437,150,825]" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1A0C72FF38B74E845EFEA5" box="[199,330,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">Coloration.</emphasis>
Head dark brown. Thorax mostly brown with dark anepisternum, preepisternum and postnotum; scutal vittae indistinct. Abdomen entirely pale brown. Wing (
<figureCitation id="13292A535C1A0C72FCBDB76A86A4FE4A" box="[834,944,367,394]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1926,1950]" captionTargetBox="[297,1296,194,1889]" captionTargetId="figure-26@4.[282,1306,179,1899]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Macropelopia (Macropelopia) pergrandis Tang et Niitsuma sp. nov., male (A, B) and pupa (C–F).A, Wing; B, hypopygium, dorsal view; C, abdominal segments I–III, dorsal view; D, thoracic horn; E, abdominal segment IV with chaetotaxy, dorsal view; F, abdominal segments VII–IX, dorsal view. Abbreviations: L, thoracic horn length; l, plastron plate length." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4403009" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4403009/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">Figure1A</figureCitation>
) with darkened cross-veins, and light infuscate markings on membrane. Legs mostly brown, and somewhat darker on apices of tibiae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAD36D65C1A0C72FF38B7B28437FDD9" blockId="2.[151,1437,150,825]" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1A0C72FF38B7B28410FE11" box="[199,260,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">Head</emphasis>
. Temporals 36–40, 38, multiserial. AR 1.6–1.8, 1.7. Clypeus with 18–20, 19 setae. Lengths (µm) of palpomeres1–5: 70–87, 77; 100–126, 109; 175–200, 190; 210–276, 249; 335–411, 382. Pm 
<subScript id="179634935C1A0C72FB9AB7E88179FE3B" attach="left" box="[1125,1133,493,507]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">4</subScript>
/Pm 
<subScript id="179634935C1A0C72FB64B7E881B7FE3B" attach="left" box="[1179,1187,493,507]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">3</subScript>
1.2–1.4, 1.3; Pm 
<subScript id="179634935C1A0C72FAA0B7E88073FE3B" attach="right" box="[1375,1383,493,507]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">5</subScript>
/Pm 
<subScript id="179634935C1A0C72FA6BB7E88088FE3B" attach="left" box="[1428,1436,493,507]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">4</subScript>
1.5–1.6, 1.5.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAD36D65C1A0C72FF38B426809BFDA1" blockId="2.[151,1437,150,825]" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1A0C72FF38B4268434FDFD" box="[199,288,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">Thorax.</emphasis>
Aps 18–24, 21, laterally; Ac 78–84 (2), biserial; Dc 42–45, 43, multiserial; H 16–35, 27; Su 2; Pa 48–55, 51, multiserial; As II 7–8, 7; Pes 10–16, 12; Scts 51–68, 60; Pns 11–14, 12, biserial. ScuT 15 (2) µm high.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAD36D65C1A0C72FF38B46E8156FD45" blockId="2.[151,1437,150,825]" box="[199,1090,619,645]" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1A0C72FF38B46E841CFD44" box="[199,264,619,644]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">Wing.</emphasis>
Length 3.8–4.3 (2) mm. Squama with 61–64 (2) setae. VR 0.90–0.93 (2).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAD36D65C1A0C72FF38B48A864EFCF9" blockId="2.[151,1437,150,825]" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1A0C72FF38B48A8410FD68" box="[199,260,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">Legs.</emphasis>
Ti I spur 
<quantity id="4CEA9B335C1A0C72FE8DB48A8723FD69" box="[370,567,655,681]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.16055" metricValueMax="12.3111" metricValueMin="0.01" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" unit="mm" value="61605.5" valueMax="123111.0" valueMin="100.0">100–123, 111 µm</quantity>
long with 19–20, 20 side teeth. Ti I comb consisting of 11–15, 13 small bristles. Ti II spurs 90–101, 97 and 60–74, 66 µm long with 16–18, 17 and 13–14, 14 side teeth, respectively; inner spur 1.4–1.5, 1.5 times as long as outer spur. Ti III spurs 90–101, 94 and 60–74, 66 µm long with 16–18, 17 and 12–14, 13 side teeth, respectively; inner spur 1.4–1.5, 1.4 times as long as outer spur. Ti III comb consisting of 11–12, 11 bristles. Lengths and proportions of leg segments as in 
<tableCitation id="C690036D5C1A0C72FCFFB51A8640FCF9" box="[768,852,799,825]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,241,872,896]" captionText="TABLE 1. Lengths (μm) and proportions of legs of Macropelopia (Macropelopia) pergrandis sp. nov., male (n=3)." pageId="2" pageNumber="209">Table 1</tableCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF6D665E5C1A0C72FF68B56D807BFC41" box="[151,1391,872,897]" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">
<paragraph id="8BAD36D65C1A0C72FF68B56D807BFC41" blockId="2.[151,1391,872,897]" box="[151,1391,872,897]" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1A0C72FF68B56D8418FC40" bold="true" box="[151,268,872,896]" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
Lengths (μm) and proportions of legs of 
<taxonomicName id="4C124D555C1A0C72FD3AB56D8193FC40" authority="Tang &amp; Niitsuma, 2020" authorityName="Tang &amp; Niitsuma" authorityYear="2020" box="[709,1159,872,897]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Macropelopia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pergrandis" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Macropelopia">
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1A0C72FD3AB56D8648FC40" box="[709,860,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">Macropelopia</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1A0C72FC93B56D8117FC40" box="[876,1027,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">Macropelopia</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1A0C72FBEDB56D8193FC40" box="[1042,1159,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">pergrandis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1A0C72FB71B56C81FFFC41" bold="true" box="[1166,1259,873,897]" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25557BF5C1A0C72FB71B56C81F2FC41" box="[1166,1254,873,897]" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
</emphasis>
male (n=3).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BAD36D65C1A0C72FEFDB59181EBFB6D" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">
<table id="F912C4765C1AF38FFF59B5918054FB6E" box="[166,1344,916,1198]" gridcols="6" gridrows="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" rowsContinueIn="2.[166,1326,1290,1571]">
<tr id="352234945C1AF38FFF59B5918054FC74" box="[166,1344,916,948]" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" rowspan-0="1">
<th id="76F35DE85C1AF38FFEFDB5918494FC74" box="[258,384,916,948]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">fe</th>
<th id="76F35DE85C1AF38FFDF8B5918792FC74" box="[519,646,916,948]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">ti</th>
<th id="76F35DE85C1AF38FFCF3B591869FFC74" box="[780,907,916,948]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">ta1</th>
<th id="76F35DE85C1AF38FFBEEB5918160FC74" box="[1041,1140,916,948]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">ta2</th>
<th id="76F35DE85C1AF38FFB21B5918054FC74" box="[1246,1344,916,948]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">ta3</th>
</tr>
<tr id="352234945C1AF38FFF59B5C48054FBC6" box="[166,1344,961,1030]" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">
<th id="76F35DE85C1AF38FFF59B5C485A8FBC6" box="[166,188,961,1030]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">p1</th>
<td id="76F35DE85C1AF38FFEFDB5C48494FBC6" box="[258,384,961,1030]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">1480–1787 1597</td>
<td id="76F35DE85C1AF38FFDF8B5C48792FBC6" box="[519,646,961,1030]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">1775–1932 1852</td>
<td id="76F35DE85C1AF38FFCF3B5C4869FFBC6" box="[780,907,961,1030]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">1300–1375 (2)</td>
<td id="76F35DE85C1AF38FFBEEB5C48160FBC6" box="[1041,1140,961,1030]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">750–800 (2)</td>
<td id="76F35DE85C1AF38FFB21B5C48054FBC6" box="[1246,1344,961,1030]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">525–560 (2)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352234945C1AF38FFF59B2108054FB99" box="[166,1344,1045,1113]" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">
<th id="76F35DE85C1AF38FFF59B21085A8FB99" box="[166,188,1045,1113]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">p2</th>
<td id="76F35DE85C1AF38FFEFDB2108494FB99" box="[258,384,1045,1113]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">1500–1787 1646</td>
<td id="76F35DE85C1AF38FFDF8B2108792FB99" box="[519,646,1045,1113]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">1750–1932 1834</td>
<td id="76F35DE85C1AF38FFCF3B210869FFB99" box="[780,907,1045,1113]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">1050–1120 (2)</td>
<td id="76F35DE85C1AF38FFBEEB2108160FB99" box="[1041,1140,1045,1113]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">525–580 (2)</td>
<td id="76F35DE85C1AF38FFB21B2108054FB99" box="[1246,1344,1045,1113]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">375–440 (2)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352234945C1AF38FFF59B26C8054FB6E" box="[166,1344,1129,1198]" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">
<th id="76F35DE85C1AF38FFF59B26C85A8FB6E" box="[166,188,1129,1198]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">p3</th>
<td id="76F35DE85C1AF38FFEFDB26C8494FB6E" box="[258,384,1129,1198]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">1400–1691 1530</td>
<td id="76F35DE85C1AF38FFDF8B26C8792FB6E" box="[519,646,1129,1198]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">1343–2175 1856</td>
<td id="76F35DE85C1AF38FFCF3B26C869FFB6E" box="[780,907,1129,1198]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">1375–1400 (2)</td>
<td id="76F35DE85C1AF38FFBEEB26C8160FB6E" box="[1041,1140,1129,1198]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">700–750 (2)</td>
<td id="76F35DE85C1AF38FFB21B26C8054FB6E" box="[1246,1344,1129,1198]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">500–525 (2)</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF6D665E5C1A0C72FF68B2DB846EFB36" box="[151,378,1246,1270]" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">
<paragraph id="8BAD36D65C1A0C72FF68B2DB846EFB36" blockId="2.[151,378,1246,1270]" box="[151,378,1246,1270]" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1A0C72FF68B2DB841EFB36" bold="true" box="[151,266,1246,1270]" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
continued
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BAD36D65C1A0C72FEECB30F81EFF9E3" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">
<table id="F912C4765C1AF38FFF59B30F803AF9E3" box="[166,1326,1290,1571]" gridcols="6" gridrows="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" rowsContinueFrom="2.[166,1344,916,1198]">
<tr id="352234945C1AF38FFF59B30F803AFAEA" box="[166,1326,1290,1322]" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" rowspan-0="1">
<th id="76F35DE85C1AF38FFEECB30F8461FAEA" box="[275,373,1290,1322]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">ta4</th>
<th id="76F35DE85C1AF38FFDFAB30F8773FAEA" box="[517,615,1290,1322]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">ta5</th>
<th id="76F35DE85C1AF38FFD08B30F8673FAEA" box="[759,871,1290,1322]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">LR</th>
<th id="76F35DE85C1AF38FFBF5B30F814AFAEA" box="[1034,1118,1290,1322]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">BV</th>
<th id="76F35DE85C1AF38FFB25B30F803AFAEA" box="[1242,1326,1290,1322]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">SV</th>
</tr>
<tr id="352234945C1AF38FFF59B333803AFABB" box="[166,1326,1334,1403]" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">
<th id="76F35DE85C1AF38FFF59B33385A8FABB" box="[166,188,1334,1403]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">p1</th>
<td id="76F35DE85C1AF38FFEECB3338461FABB" box="[275,373,1334,1403]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">325–380 (2)</td>
<td id="76F35DE85C1AF38FFDFAB3338773FABB" box="[517,615,1334,1403]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">225–240 (2)</td>
<td id="76F35DE85C1AF38FFD08B3338673FABB" box="[759,871,1334,1403]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">0.73–0.74 (2)</td>
<td id="76F35DE85C1AF38FFBF5B333814AFABB" box="[1034,1118,1334,1403]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">2.4–2.5 (2)</td>
<td id="76F35DE85C1AF38FFB25B333803AFABB" box="[1242,1326,1334,1403]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">2.4–2.5 (2)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352234945C1AF38FFF59B38E803AFA0F" box="[166,1326,1419,1487]" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">
<th id="76F35DE85C1AF38FFF59B38E85A8FA0F" box="[166,188,1419,1487]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">p2</th>
<td id="76F35DE85C1AF38FFEECB38E8461FA0F" box="[275,373,1419,1487]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">250–270 (2)</td>
<td id="76F35DE85C1AF38FFDFAB38E8773FA0F" box="[517,615,1419,1487]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">175–200 (2)</td>
<td id="76F35DE85C1AF38FFD08B38E8673FA0F" box="[759,871,1419,1487]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">0.60–0.62 (2)</td>
<td id="76F35DE85C1AF38FFBF5B38E814AFA0F" box="[1034,1118,1419,1487]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">3.1–3.2 (2)</td>
<td id="76F35DE85C1AF38FFB25B38E803AFA0F" box="[1242,1326,1419,1487]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">3.1 (2)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="352234945C1AF38FFF59B3DA803AF9E3" box="[166,1326,1503,1571]" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">
<th id="76F35DE85C1AF38FFF59B3DA85A8F9E3" box="[166,188,1503,1571]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">p3</th>
<td id="76F35DE85C1AF38FFEECB3DA8461F9E3" box="[275,373,1503,1571]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">300–330 (2)</td>
<td id="76F35DE85C1AF38FFDFAB3DA8773F9E3" box="[517,615,1503,1571]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">200–230 (2)</td>
<td id="76F35DE85C1AF38FFD08B3DA8673F9E3" box="[759,871,1503,1571]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">0.64–0.67 (2)</td>
<td id="76F35DE85C1AF38FFBF5B3DA814AF9E3" box="[1034,1118,1503,1571]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">2.7–2.9 (2)</td>
<td id="76F35DE85C1AF38FFB25B3DA803AF9E3" box="[1242,1326,1503,1571]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">2.5–2.6 (2)</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAD36D65C1A0C72FF38B05686E6F975" blockId="2.[151,1437,1618,2041]" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1A0C72FF38B0568442F9AC" box="[199,342,1619,1644]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">Hypopygium</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13292A535C1A0C72FE9BB05784C3F9AD" box="[356,471,1618,1645]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1926,1950]" captionTargetBox="[297,1296,194,1889]" captionTargetId="figure-26@4.[282,1306,179,1899]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Macropelopia (Macropelopia) pergrandis Tang et Niitsuma sp. nov., male (A, B) and pupa (C–F).A, Wing; B, hypopygium, dorsal view; C, abdominal segments I–III, dorsal view; D, thoracic horn; E, abdominal segment IV with chaetotaxy, dorsal view; F, abdominal segments VII–IX, dorsal view. Abbreviations: L, thoracic horn length; l, plastron plate length." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4403009" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4403009/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">Figure 1B</figureCitation>
). T IX with 20–22, 21 posterior setae. Gonocoxite somewhat cylindrical, 
<quantity id="4CEA9B335C1A0C72FAFCB05685A9F951" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6480799999999998" metricValueMax="3.2931599999999994" metricValueMin="0.003" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" unit="mm" value="164808.0" valueMax="329316.0" valueMin="300.0">300–329, 316 µm</quantity>
long, 2.3–2.7, 2.5 times as long as broad at middle, basally with setiferous swelling. Gonostylus 
<quantity id="4CEA9B335C1A0C72FAFDB07385A9F975" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.26375" metricValueMax="14.514" metricValueMin="0.0135" pageId="2" pageNumber="209" unit="mm" value="72637.5" valueMax="145140.0" valueMin="135.0">135–145, 140 µm</quantity>
long, gently curved inwards, with narrowed apical half. HR 2.2–2.3, 2.3.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAD36D65C1A0C72FF38B0BA87EEF919" blockId="2.[151,1437,1618,2041]" box="[199,762,1726,1753]" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1A0C72FF38B0BA8411F919" bold="true" box="[199,261,1727,1753]" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">Pupa</emphasis>
(n = 10). Body length 8.5–10.1, 9.1 (9) mm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAD36D65C1A0C72FF38B0E781DCF8E0" blockId="2.[151,1437,1618,2041]" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1A0C72FF38B0E78456F93C" box="[199,322,1762,1788]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">Coloration</emphasis>
. Exuviae light brown. Abdomen (
<figureCitation id="13292A535C1A0C72FD33B0E78655F93D" box="[716,833,1762,1789]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1926,1950]" captionTargetBox="[297,1296,194,1889]" captionTargetId="figure-26@4.[282,1306,179,1899]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Macropelopia (Macropelopia) pergrandis Tang et Niitsuma sp. nov., male (A, B) and pupa (C–F).A, Wing; B, hypopygium, dorsal view; C, abdominal segments I–III, dorsal view; D, thoracic horn; E, abdominal segment IV with chaetotaxy, dorsal view; F, abdominal segments VII–IX, dorsal view. Abbreviations: L, thoracic horn length; l, plastron plate length." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4403009" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4403009/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">Figure 1C</figureCitation>
) with distinct pigmentation pattern; T II–VII brown except with large pale areas around basal tubercles of D 
<subScript id="179634935C1A0C72FCF6B11C8605F8E7" attach="right" box="[777,785,1817,1831]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">1</subScript>
-setae; scar and apophyses dark brown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAD36D65C1A0C72FF38B12F8738F870" blockId="2.[151,1437,1618,2041]" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1A0C72FF38B12F847BF884" box="[199,367,1834,1860]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">Cephalothorax</emphasis>
. Thoracic horn (
<figureCitation id="13292A535C1A0C72FDD8B12F878EF885" box="[551,666,1834,1861]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1926,1950]" captionTargetBox="[297,1296,194,1889]" captionTargetId="figure-26@4.[282,1306,179,1899]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Macropelopia (Macropelopia) pergrandis Tang et Niitsuma sp. nov., male (A, B) and pupa (C–F).A, Wing; B, hypopygium, dorsal view; C, abdominal segments I–III, dorsal view; D, thoracic horn; E, abdominal segment IV with chaetotaxy, dorsal view; F, abdominal segments VII–IX, dorsal view. Abbreviations: L, thoracic horn length; l, plastron plate length." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4403009" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4403009/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">Figure 1D</figureCitation>
) flattened, 850–1075, 923 (9) µm long, 2.1–2.4, 2.3 (8) times as long as its broadest width; plastron plate 1.2–1.7, 1.4 (8) times as long as broad, bean-shaped, with strongly concave basal margin; PpL/ThL 0.53–0.72, 0.64 (9); internal supporting rods extending through respiratory atrium, fused with plastron plate at several points.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAD36D65C1A0C73FF38B1BF8772FE6D" blockId="2.[151,1437,1618,2041]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="210" pageId="2" pageNumber="209">
Abdomen. T I with elongated dark scar. Shagreen extensive on all tergites, mainly consisting of serial rows of 2–4 spinules, but posteriorly replaced by larger spines. Intersegments II/III–VIII/IX with shagreen consisting of blunted spinules. D 
<subScript id="179634935C1B0C73FE6BB6AC8488FF77" attach="left" box="[404,412,169,183]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">1</subScript>
-seta (
<figureCitation id="13292A535C1B0C73FE1DB6928741FF71" box="[482,597,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1926,1950]" captionTargetBox="[297,1296,194,1889]" captionTargetId="figure-26@4.[282,1306,179,1899]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Macropelopia (Macropelopia) pergrandis Tang et Niitsuma sp. nov., male (A, B) and pupa (C–F).A, Wing; B, hypopygium, dorsal view; C, abdominal segments I–III, dorsal view; D, thoracic horn; E, abdominal segment IV with chaetotaxy, dorsal view; F, abdominal segments VII–IX, dorsal view. Abbreviations: L, thoracic horn length; l, plastron plate length." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4403009" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4403009/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">Figure 1E</figureCitation>
) stout, spiniform, arising from large tubercle on T II–VI, and from small tubercle on T VII; positioned 0.70–0.85, 0.77 (9) from anterior segment margin on T IV, 0.71–0.81, 0.75 (9) on T V, 0.60–0.77, 0.69 (9) on T VI, 0.57–0.67, 0.60 (9) on T VII. D 
<subScript id="179634935C1B0C73FCA4B6F48667FF3F" attach="right" box="[859,883,241,255]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">2, 3</subScript>
-setae short and simple; D 
<subScript id="179634935C1B0C73FB67B6F481B4FF3F" attach="left" box="[1176,1184,241,255]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">3</subScript>
-seta at most 1.5 times as long as D 
<subScript id="179634935C1B0C73FEDEB710843DFEE3" attach="left" box="[289,297,277,291]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">1</subScript>
-seta on T III–V. A VII (
<figureCitation id="13292A535C1B0C73FDCAB70687B0FEDD" box="[565,676,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1926,1950]" captionTargetBox="[297,1296,194,1889]" captionTargetId="figure-26@4.[282,1306,179,1899]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Macropelopia (Macropelopia) pergrandis Tang et Niitsuma sp. nov., male (A, B) and pupa (C–F).A, Wing; B, hypopygium, dorsal view; C, abdominal segments I–III, dorsal view; D, thoracic horn; E, abdominal segment IV with chaetotaxy, dorsal view; F, abdominal segments VII–IX, dorsal view. Abbreviations: L, thoracic horn length; l, plastron plate length." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4403009" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4403009/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">Figure 1F</figureCitation>
) with 6 LS-setae, VIII with 5 LS-setae; LS 
<subScript id="179634935C1B0C73FB76B7108185FEE3" attach="left" box="[1161,1169,277,291]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">1</subScript>
-seta located 0.22–0.30, 0.26 (9) from anterior segment margin on A VII, 0.26–0.37, 0.32 (9) on A VIII. Anal lobe 1125–1300, 1217 (8) µm long, 2.3–2.6, 2.5 (8) times as long as broad with lateral fringe of about 100 setae; anterior and posterior macrosetae located 0.04–0.08, 0.07 (9) and 0.10–0.14, 0.11 (9), respectively, from anterior lobe margin; male genital sac 0.33–0.37, 0.35 (4) times as long as lobe.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAD36D65C1B0C73FF38B7B28708FE11" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2013]" box="[199,540,439,465]" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1B0C73FF38B7B2848BFE11" bold="true" box="[199,415,439,465]" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">Female and larva.</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C308655D5C1B0C75FF38B7DE8698FEDD" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="212" pageId="3" pageNumber="210" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BAD36D65C1B0C73FF38B7DE868DFDA1" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1B0C73FF38B7DE842FFE35" bold="true" box="[199,315,475,501]" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">Remarks.</emphasis>
The adult male and pupa were associated using pharate males collected from Dali City, 
<collectingRegion id="49D6F8345C1B0C73FAB8B7DE85C1FDD9" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">Yunnan Prov.</collectingRegion>
, 
<date id="FFAC10165C1B0C73FF20B7FA846FFDD9" box="[223,379,511,537]" pageId="3" pageNumber="210" value="2018-05-21">May 21, 2018</date>
by the first author. These males have a relatively low antennal ratio (less than 2.0), a foretibial comb with many tiny bristles (more than 10), a pale brown abdomen, and a hypopygium with setiferous tergite IX and gonostyli gently curved inwards and narrowed in the apical half.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAD36D65C1B0C73FF38B46E8769FC9D" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">
The species belongs to the 
<taxonomicName id="4C124D555C1B0C73FDFFB46E8771FD45" baseAuthorityName="Meigen" baseAuthorityYear="1804" box="[512,613,619,645]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Macropelopia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="210" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nebulosa">
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1B0C73FDFFB46E8771FD45" box="[512,613,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">nebulosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group defined by the pupa with 6 LS-setae on segment VII. So far, the following five described species of this group has been known from the Holarctic region: 
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1B0C73FB6EB48A81BCFD68" box="[1169,1192,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">M</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C124D555C1B0C73FB48B48A85DFFD0D" authority="(Meigen)" baseAuthorityName="Meigen" baseAuthorityYear="1804" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Macropelopia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="210" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nebulosa" subGenus="Macropelopia">
(
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1B0C73FB3FB48A81C3FD68" box="[1216,1239,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">M</emphasis>
.) 
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1B0C73FB0FB48A8041FD69" box="[1264,1365,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">nebulosa</emphasis>
(Meigen)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1B0C73FF28B4B685FAFD0C" box="[215,238,691,716]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">M</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1B0C73FEF8B4B6840AFD0C" box="[263,286,691,716]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">M</emphasis>
.) 
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1B0C73FEC9B4B68489FD0D" box="[310,413,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">decedens</emphasis>
(Walker), 
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1B0C73FDEAB4B68738FD0C" box="[533,556,691,716]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">M</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1B0C73FDBBB4B6874FFD0C" box="[580,603,691,716]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">M</emphasis>
.) 
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1B0C73FD8CB4B687F7FD0D" box="[627,739,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">fehlmanni</emphasis>
(Kieffer), 
<taxonomicName id="4C124D555C1B0C73FCA3B4B681BFFD0D" authority="Fittkau" authorityName="Fittkau" authorityYear="1962" box="[860,1195,691,717]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Macropelopia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="207" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paranebulosa" subGenus="Macropelopia">
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1B0C73FCA3B4B68667FD0C" box="[860,883,691,716]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">M</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1B0C73FC74B4B686B6FD0C" box="[907,930,691,716]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">M</emphasis>
.) 
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1B0C73FC45B4B68140FD0D" box="[954,1108,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">paranebulosa</emphasis>
Fittkau
</taxonomicName>
and 
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1B0C73FB1CB4B681EEFD0C" box="[1251,1274,691,716]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">M</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1B0C73FAEDB4B6803DFD0C" box="[1298,1321,691,716]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">M</emphasis>
.) 
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1B0C73FABEB4B68088FD0C" box="[1345,1436,691,716]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">rossaroi</emphasis>
Lencioni 
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1B0C73FEFEB4D28401FD30" box="[257,277,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">et</emphasis>
Marziali. The males, as well as the larvae, of these species are very similar to each other. Therefore, the pupal morphology is important to separate species and the ratio PpL/ThL has been regarded as a discriminator by the recent authors (
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B275C1B0C73FE91B51A878DFCF9" author="Lencioni, V. &amp; Marziali, L." box="[366,665,798,825]" pageId="3" pageNumber="210" pagination="317 - 320" refId="ref7290" refString="Lencioni, V. &amp; Marziali, L. (2005) A new species of Macropelopia Thienemann (Diptera, Chironomidae) from the Italian Alps. Italian Journal of Zoology, 72 (4), 317 - 320. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 11250000509356692" type="journal article" year="2005">Lencioni &amp; Marziali 2005</bibRefCitation>
, Michalova 
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1B0C73FCDBB51A8649FCF9" box="[804,861,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">et al.</emphasis>
2014). For the comparison, major pupal characters of these species are summarized in 
<tableCitation id="C690036D5C1B0C73FDDCB546876DFC9D" box="[547,633,835,861]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="7.[151,241,151,175]" captionText="TABLE 2. Comparison of pupal characters in six species of Macropelopia (Macropelopia) nebulosa group." pageId="3" pageNumber="210">Table 2</tableCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAD36D65C1B0C73FF38B562876BFBBD" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">
The pupa is similar to that of 
<taxonomicName id="4C124D555C1B0C73FDDFB562860FFC41" authorityName="Fittkau" authorityYear="1962" box="[544,795,871,897]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Macropelopia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="207" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paranebulosa" subGenus="Macropelopia">
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1B0C73FDDFB562872BFC40" box="[544,575,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">M.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1B0C73FDAEB562877CFC40" box="[593,616,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">M</emphasis>
.) 
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1B0C73FD7EB562860FFC41" box="[641,795,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">paranebulosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having a thoracic horn with a plastron plate strongly concaved along the basal margin, large basal tubercles of D 
<subScript id="179634935C1B0C73FCCEB598862DFC6B" attach="left" box="[817,825,925,939]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">1</subScript>
-seta on the abdominal tergite IV, and short and simple D 
<subScript id="179634935C1B0C73FF54B5C485A7FC0F" attach="left" box="[171,179,961,975]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">3</subScript>
-setae. In the former, however, the plastron plate is bean-shaped, longer than wide and the PpL/ThL is 0.53–0.72, whereas in the latter, the plastron plate is kidney-shaped, wider than long, and the PpL/ThL is lower although it differs among authors perhaps because of the geographical variation: 0.21–0.29 and 
<quantity id="4CEA9B335C1B0C73FBD5B5F281A3FBD1" box="[1066,1207,1015,1041]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.572" metricValueMax="5.587999999999999" metricValueMin="3.556" pageId="3" pageNumber="210" unit="in" value="0.18" valueMax="0.22" valueMin="0.14">0.14–0.22 in</quantity>
the Russian population according to 
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B275C1B0C73FEA0B21E87D2FBF5" author="Makarchenko, E. A. &amp; Petrova, N. A." box="[351,710,1051,1077]" pageId="3" pageNumber="210" pagination="28 - 35" refId="ref7342" refString="Makarchenko, E. A. &amp; Petrova, N. A. (1988) Chironomids of subfamily Tanypodinae from the Soviet Far East. I. Morphokaryological description of Macropelopia paranebulosa Fittkau. In: Levanidov, V. Ya. &amp; Makarchenko, E. A. (Eds.), Fauna, Systematics and Biology of Freshwater Invertebrates. DVNC AN SSSR Press, Vladivostok, pp. 28 - 35. [in Russian]" type="book chapter" year="1988">Makarchenko &amp; Petrova (1988)</bibRefCitation>
and 
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B275C1B0C73FD01B21E8100FBF5" author="Michailova, P. &amp; Kownacki, A. &amp; Woznicka, O. &amp; White, K. &amp; Dean, A. &amp; Szarek-Gwiazda, E." box="[766,1044,1051,1077]" pageId="3" pageNumber="210" pagination="83 - 100" refId="ref7455" refString="Michailova, P., Kownacki, A., Woznicka, O., White, K., Dean, A. &amp; Szarek-Gwiazda, E. (2014) Macropelopia nebulosa group (Diptera, Chironomidae, Tanypodinae) - karyotype and morphology of larvae and pupae. Zootaxa, 3852 (1), 83 - 100. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3852.1.3" type="journal article" year="2014">
Michailova 
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1B0C73FC79B21E86ABFBF5" box="[902,959,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">et al.</emphasis>
(2014)
</bibRefCitation>
, respectively, and 
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the Japanese population according to 
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B275C1B0C73FDEDB23A8618FB99" author="Niitsuma, H. &amp; Suzuki, M. &amp; Kawabe, K." box="[530,780,1087,1113]" pageId="3" pageNumber="210" pagination="43 - 56" refId="ref7627" refString="Niitsuma, H., Suzuki, M. &amp; Kawabe, K. (2004) Redescriptions of Macropelopia kibunensis and Macropelopia paranebulosa (Diptera, Chironomidae), with biological notes. Japanese Journal of Systematic Entomology, 10, 43 - 56." type="journal article" year="2004">
Niitsuma 
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1B0C73FD80B23A87A4FB99" box="[639,688,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">et al</emphasis>
. (2004)
</bibRefCitation>
. Further, the pupa has an elongated dark scar on the tergite I, which is unique within the species group.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAD36D65C1B0C73FF38B282873CFA5D" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">
The male of 
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1B0C73FEACB2828466FB60" box="[339,370,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">M.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1B0C73FE7FB2828483FB60" box="[384,407,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">M</emphasis>
.) 
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1B0C73FE51B2828701FB61" box="[430,533,1159,1185]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">decedens</emphasis>
has wings bearing a dark marking only on the cross-vein r-m (
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B275C1B0C73FB37B2828074FB61" author="Roback, S. S." box="[1224,1376,1159,1185]" pageId="3" pageNumber="210" pagination="1 - 410" refId="ref7673" refString="Roback, S. S. (1971) The adults of the subfamily Tanypodinae (= Pelopiinae) in North America (Diptera: Chironomidae). Monographs of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 17, 1 - 410." type="journal article" year="1971">Roback 1971</bibRefCitation>
), and those of 
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1B0C73FF08B2AE841AFB04" box="[247,270,1195,1220]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">M</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1B0C73FED9B2AE8429FB04" box="[294,317,1195,1220]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">M</emphasis>
.) 
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1B0C73FEAAB2AE84D1FB05" box="[341,453,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">fehlmanni</emphasis>
and 
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1B0C73FE04B2AE870EFB04" box="[507,538,1195,1220]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">M.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1B0C73FDD6B2AE8754FB04" box="[553,576,1195,1220]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">M</emphasis>
.) 
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1B0C73FDA7B2AE87A7FB04" box="[600,691,1195,1220]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">rossaroi</emphasis>
possess gonostyli strongly tapered in distal half (see 
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B275C1B0C73FAF8B2AE808CFB05" author="Fittkau, E. J." box="[1287,1432,1195,1221]" pageId="3" pageNumber="210" pagination="1 - 453" refId="ref6987" refString="Fittkau, E. J. (1962) Die Tanypodinae (Diptera: Chironomidae). Die Tribus Anatopyniini, Macropelopiini und Pentaneurini. Abhandlungen zur Larvalsystematik der Insekten, 6, 1 - 453." type="journal article" year="1962">Fittkau 1962</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 23 for the former; 
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B275C1B0C73FE64B2CA87D3FB29" author="Lencioni, V. &amp; Marziali, L." box="[411,711,1230,1257]" pageId="3" pageNumber="210" pagination="317 - 320" refId="ref7290" refString="Lencioni, V. &amp; Marziali, L. (2005) A new species of Macropelopia Thienemann (Diptera, Chironomidae) from the Italian Alps. Italian Journal of Zoology, 72 (4), 317 - 320. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 11250000509356692" type="journal article" year="2005">Lencioni &amp; Marziali 2005</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 1 for the latter). The male of the present new species most resembles those of 
<taxonomicName id="4C124D555C1B0C73FE92B2F6873AFACD" baseAuthorityName="Meigen" baseAuthorityYear="1804" box="[365,558,1267,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Macropelopia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="214" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nebulosa" subGenus="Macropelopia">
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1B0C73FE92B2F68498FACC" box="[365,396,1267,1292]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">M.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1B0C73FE64B2F684A6FACC" box="[411,434,1267,1292]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">M</emphasis>
.) 
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1B0C73FE36B2F6873AFACD" box="[457,558,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">nebulosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C124D555C1B0C73FD9BB2F6864EFACD" authorityName="Fittkau" authorityYear="1962" box="[612,858,1267,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Macropelopia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="207" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paranebulosa" subGenus="Macropelopia">
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1B0C73FD9BB2F68797FACC" box="[612,643,1267,1292]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">M.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1B0C73FD6DB2F687BDFACC" box="[658,681,1267,1292]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">M</emphasis>
.) 
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1B0C73FD3FB2F6864EFACD" box="[704,858,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">paranebulosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the wing markings and the gonostylus somewhat parallel-sided and broadened in basal half to two thirds with an attenuated tip, but may be separable by the lower antennal ratio of 1.6–1.8. The males of 
<taxonomicName id="4C124D555C1B0C73FDAFB33E8606FA95" baseAuthorityName="Meigen" baseAuthorityYear="1804" box="[592,786,1339,1365]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Macropelopia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="214" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nebulosa" subGenus="Macropelopia">
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1B0C73FDAFB33E877AFA94" box="[592,622,1339,1364]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">M.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1B0C73FD81B33E8781FA94" box="[638,661,1339,1364]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">M</emphasis>
.) 
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1B0C73FD52B33E8606FA95" box="[685,786,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">nebulosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C124D555C1B0C73FCB7B33E812BFA95" authorityName="Fittkau" authorityYear="1962" box="[840,1087,1339,1365]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Macropelopia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="207" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paranebulosa" subGenus="Macropelopia">
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1B0C73FCB7B33E8673FA94" box="[840,871,1339,1364]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">M.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1B0C73FC89B33E8699FA94" box="[886,909,1339,1364]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">M</emphasis>
.) 
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1B0C73FC5AB33E812BFA95" box="[933,1087,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">paranebulosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
tend to possess a higher antennal ratio, 2 or more: 2.0– 
<quantity id="4CEA9B335C1B0C73FE4EB35A84E4FAB9" box="[433,496,1375,1401]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.842" pageId="3" pageNumber="210" unit="in" value="2.3">2.3 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="4C124D555C1B0C73FE08B35A87AEFAB9" baseAuthorityName="Meigen" baseAuthorityYear="1804" box="[503,698,1375,1401]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Macropelopia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="214" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nebulosa" subGenus="Macropelopia">
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1B0C73FE08B35A8702FAB8" box="[503,534,1375,1400]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">M.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1B0C73FDD9B35A8729FAB8" box="[550,573,1375,1400]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">M</emphasis>
.) 
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1B0C73FDAAB35A87AEFAB9" box="[597,698,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">nebulosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
according to 
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B275C1B0C73FCABB35A86E1FABA" author="Fittkau, E. J." box="[852,1013,1375,1402]" pageId="3" pageNumber="210" pagination="1 - 453" refId="ref6987" refString="Fittkau, E. J. (1962) Die Tanypodinae (Diptera: Chironomidae). Die Tribus Anatopyniini, Macropelopiini und Pentaneurini. Abhandlungen zur Larvalsystematik der Insekten, 6, 1 - 453." type="journal article" year="1962">Fittkau (1962)</bibRefCitation>
and 
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<taxonomicName id="4C124D555C1B0C73FB5BB35A8088FAB9" authorityName="Fittkau" authorityYear="1962" box="[1188,1436,1375,1401]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Macropelopia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="207" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paranebulosa" subGenus="Macropelopia">
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1B0C73FB5BB35A81D7FAB8" box="[1188,1219,1375,1400]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">M.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1B0C73FB2CB35A81FEFAB8" box="[1235,1258,1375,1400]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">M</emphasis>
.) 
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1B0C73FAFDB35A8088FAB9" box="[1282,1436,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">paranebulosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
according to 
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B275C1B0C73FED6B3868730FA5D" author="Niitsuma, H. &amp; Suzuki, M. &amp; Kawabe, K." box="[297,548,1411,1437]" pageId="3" pageNumber="210" pagination="43 - 56" refId="ref7627" refString="Niitsuma, H., Suzuki, M. &amp; Kawabe, K. (2004) Redescriptions of Macropelopia kibunensis and Macropelopia paranebulosa (Diptera, Chironomidae), with biological notes. Japanese Journal of Systematic Entomology, 10, 43 - 56." type="journal article" year="2004">
Niitsuma 
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1B0C73FE68B38684DBFA5D" box="[407,463,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">et al.</emphasis>
(2004)
</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BAD36D65C1B0C73FF38B3A28132F81D" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B275C1B0C73FF38B3A284DAFA02" author="Kownacki, A. &amp; Wojtusiak, J. &amp; Zurek, R." box="[199,462,1447,1474]" pageId="3" pageNumber="210" pagination="291 - 304" refId="ref7175" refString="Kownacki, A., Wojtusiak, J. &amp; Zurek, R. (1976) New and rare species of Rotatoria, Cladocera and Chironomidae (Diptera) for the aquatic fauna of Afghanistan. Acta Hydrobiologica, 18, 291 - 304." type="journal article" year="1976">
Kownacki 
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1B0C73FEBDB3A28468FA01" box="[322,380,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">et al.</emphasis>
(1976)
</bibRefCitation>
reported the pupa of an unnamed species, presumed subspecies of 
<taxonomicName id="4C124D555C1B0C73FB34B3A28042FA01" baseAuthorityName="Meigen" baseAuthorityYear="1804" box="[1227,1366,1447,1473]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Macropelopia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="210" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nebulosa">
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1B0C73FB34B3A28042FA01" box="[1227,1366,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">M. nebulosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, from 
<collectingCountry id="F30576465C1B0C73FF68B3CE8437FA25" box="[151,291,1483,1509]" name="Afghanistan" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">Afghanistan</collectingCountry>
, and 
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B275C1B0C73FE9EB3CE8780FA25" author="Hazra, N. &amp; Chaudhuri, P. K." box="[353,660,1483,1509]" pageId="3" pageNumber="210" pagination="297 - 309" refId="ref7118" refString="Hazra, N. &amp; Chaudhuri, P. K. (2000) Two species of Macropelopia Thienemann (Diptera: Chironomidae), first report from Darjeeling-Sikkim Himalayas of India. Aquatic Insects, 23 (4), 297 - 309. https: // doi. org / 10.1076 / aqin. 23.4.297.4880" type="journal article" year="2000">Hazra &amp; Chaudhuri (2000)</bibRefCitation>
redescribed 
<taxonomicName id="4C124D555C1B0C73FCD9B3CE8125FA25" baseAuthorityName="Meigen" baseAuthorityYear="1804" box="[806,1073,1483,1509]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Macropelopia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="210" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nebulosa">
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1B0C73FCD9B3CE8125FA25" box="[806,1073,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">Macropelopia nebulosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from 
<collectingCountry id="F30576465C1B0C73FB86B3CE81A7FA25" box="[1145,1203,1483,1509]" name="India" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">India</collectingCountry>
based on the all life stages. However, these species differ from European 
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1B0C73FD11B3EA8611F9C8" box="[750,773,1519,1544]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">M</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C124D555C1B0C73FCEBB3EA8136F9CA" authority="(Meigen)" baseAuthorityName="Meigen" baseAuthorityYear="1804" box="[788,1058,1519,1546]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Macropelopia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="210" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nebulosa" subGenus="Macropelopia">
(
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1B0C73FCE2B3EA8620F9C8" box="[797,820,1519,1544]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">M</emphasis>
.) 
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1B0C73FCB2B3EA86A6F9C9" box="[845,946,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">nebulosa</emphasis>
(Meigen)
</taxonomicName>
mainly in the pupal morphology: in the former two species, the thoracic horn has a plastron plate concaved along the basal margin, the basal tubercle of D 
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-seta is relatively large on the tergite IV, and the D 
<subScript id="179634935C1B0C73FD01B04C8612F997" attach="left" box="[766,774,1609,1623]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">3</subScript>
-seta is short and simple (
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B275C1B0C73FBDDB0328000F991" author="Kownacki, A. &amp; Wojtusiak, J. &amp; Zurek, R." box="[1058,1300,1591,1617]" pageId="3" pageNumber="210" pagination="291 - 304" refId="ref7175" refString="Kownacki, A., Wojtusiak, J. &amp; Zurek, R. (1976) New and rare species of Rotatoria, Cladocera and Chironomidae (Diptera) for the aquatic fauna of Afghanistan. Acta Hydrobiologica, 18, 291 - 304." type="journal article" year="1976">
Kownacki 
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1B0C73FB63B03281C7F991" box="[1180,1235,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">et al.</emphasis>
1976
</bibRefCitation>
, figs 23, 24; 
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, fig 4A, D), whereas in the latter, the basal margin of plastron plate is more or less straight, the basal tubercle of D 
<subScript id="179634935C1B0C73FE6FB094848CF95F" attach="left" box="[400,408,1681,1695]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">1</subScript>
-seta is smaller, and the D 
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-seta is long and hooked distally (
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B275C1B0C73FBD3B07A81AAF959" author="Fittkau, E. J." box="[1068,1214,1663,1689]" pageId="3" pageNumber="210" pagination="1 - 453" refId="ref6987" refString="Fittkau, E. J. (1962) Die Tanypodinae (Diptera: Chironomidae). Die Tribus Anatopyniini, Macropelopiini und Pentaneurini. Abhandlungen zur Larvalsystematik der Insekten, 6, 1 - 453." type="journal article" year="1962">Fittkau 1962</bibRefCitation>
, figs. 39, 52). These Afghan and Indian species are also similar to the present new species in the plastron plate of thoracic horn, which is bean-shaped, longer than wide. Additionally, in these pupae, the basal tubercle of D 
<subScript id="179634935C1B0C73FB98B0DC817BF927" attach="left" box="[1127,1135,1753,1767]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">1</subScript>
-seta is large on the tergite IV, and the D 
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-seta is simple, neither hooked apically and nor exceptionally longer than the D 
<subScript id="179634935C1B0C73FB45B0F881D6F8CB" attach="left" box="[1210,1218,1789,1803]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">1</subScript>
-seta. However, the current pupa of the new species is distinct from both the pupae in the strongly concaved basal margin of the plastron plate, the high PpL/ThL of 0.53–0.72, and the pigmented scar on the tergite I. According to 
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Kownacki 
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1B0C73FAECB136805FF88D" box="[1299,1355,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">et al.</emphasis>
(1976)
</bibRefCitation>
and 
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B275C1B0C73FF38B15284EFF8B1" author="Hazra, N. &amp; Chaudhuri, P. K." box="[199,507,1879,1905]" pageId="3" pageNumber="210" pagination="297 - 309" refId="ref7118" refString="Hazra, N. &amp; Chaudhuri, P. K. (2000) Two species of Macropelopia Thienemann (Diptera: Chironomidae), first report from Darjeeling-Sikkim Himalayas of India. Aquatic Insects, 23 (4), 297 - 309. https: // doi. org / 10.1076 / aqin. 23.4.297.4880" type="journal article" year="2000">Hazra &amp; Chaudhuri (2000)</bibRefCitation>
, both the pupae have plastron plates slightly concaved along the basal margin, the tergite I has no scar, and the PpL/ThL is 
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the Afghan pupa (
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B275C1B0C73FC81B17E8194F855" author="Michailova, P. &amp; Kownacki, A. &amp; Woznicka, O. &amp; White, K. &amp; Dean, A. &amp; Szarek-Gwiazda, E." box="[894,1152,1915,1941]" pageId="3" pageNumber="210" pagination="83 - 100" refId="ref7455" refString="Michailova, P., Kownacki, A., Woznicka, O., White, K., Dean, A. &amp; Szarek-Gwiazda, E. (2014) Macropelopia nebulosa group (Diptera, Chironomidae, Tanypodinae) - karyotype and morphology of larvae and pupae. Zootaxa, 3852 (1), 83 - 100. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3852.1.3" type="journal article" year="2014">
Michailova 
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1B0C73FBF9B17E812CF855" box="[1030,1080,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="210">et al</emphasis>
. 2014
</bibRefCitation>
) and 
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the Indian pupa (
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B275C1B0C73FEEEB19A8725F879" author="Hazra, N. &amp; Chaudhuri, P. K." box="[273,561,1951,1977]" pageId="3" pageNumber="210" pagination="297 - 309" refId="ref7118" refString="Hazra, N. &amp; Chaudhuri, P. K. (2000) Two species of Macropelopia Thienemann (Diptera: Chironomidae), first report from Darjeeling-Sikkim Himalayas of India. Aquatic Insects, 23 (4), 297 - 309. https: // doi. org / 10.1076 / aqin. 23.4.297.4880" type="journal article" year="2000">Hazra &amp; Chaudhuri 2000</bibRefCitation>
). The Afghan and Indian species may be conspecific because of the similarities of the pupal morphology although the male and larva of the former are unknown.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF6D665E5C1C0C74FF68B183804FF826" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4403009" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4403009" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4403009/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="211" startId="4.[151,250,1926,1950]" targetBox="[297,1296,194,1889]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="8BAD36D65C1C0C74FF68B183804FF826" blockId="4.[151,1437,1926,2022]" pageId="4" pageNumber="211">
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1C0C74FF68B1838407F85E" bold="true" box="[151,275,1926,1950]" pageId="4" pageNumber="211">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C124D555C1C0C74FEE7B1838667F85E" authority="Tang et Niitsuma" authorityName="Tang et Niitsuma" authorityYear="2020" box="[280,883,1926,1950]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Macropelopia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="211" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pergrandis" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Macropelopia">
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1C0C74FEE7B18384B3F85E" box="[280,423,1926,1950]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="211">Macropelopia</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1C0C74FE4AB1838750F85E" box="[437,580,1926,1950]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="211">Macropelopia</emphasis>
) 
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1C0C74FDADB18387D4F85E" box="[594,704,1926,1950]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="211">pergrandis</emphasis>
Tang 
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1C0C74FD01B1828604F85E" box="[766,784,1927,1950]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="211">et</emphasis>
Niitsuma
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B966EAC45C1C0C74FC86B18386C4F85E" bold="true" box="[889,976,1926,1950]" pageId="4" pageNumber="211">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25557BF5C1C0C74FC86B18386DFF85E" box="[889,971,1926,1950]" pageId="4" pageNumber="211" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
</emphasis>
male (A, B) and pupa (C–F). A, Wing; B, hypopygium, dorsal view; C, abdominal segments I–III, dorsal view; D, thoracic horn; E, abdominal segment IV with chaetotaxy, dorsal view; F, abdominal segments VII–IX, dorsal view. Abbreviations: L, thoracic horn length; l, plastron plate length.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BAD36D65C1D0C75FF38B6928698FEDD" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,285]" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">
<materialsCitation id="3B7A3C8B5C1D0C75FF38B6928693FEDD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3020126302" country="China" county="Oriental" elevation="2500" location="Although" municipality="Provinces" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Yunnan">
The present new species has been collected from mountainous areas (
<elevation id="003FD1E55C1D0C75FC18B69281D5FF72" box="[999,1217,151,178]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" unit="m" value="2500.0" valueMax="4000.0" valueMin="1000.0">
<quantity id="4CEA9B335C1D0C75FC18B6928192FF71" box="[999,1158,151,177]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" unit="m" value="2500.0" valueMax="4000.0" valueMin="1000.0">1000–4000 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
</elevation>
) in 
<collectingCounty id="62CC4E5A5C1D0C75FB0BB6928044FF71" box="[1268,1360,151,177]" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">Oriental</collectingCounty>
<collectingCountry id="F30576465C1D0C75FAA6B6928088FF71" box="[1369,1436,151,177]" name="China" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">China</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="49D6F8345C1D0C75FF60B6BE85EDFF15" box="[159,249,187,213]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingRegion id="49D6F8345C1D0C75FEFBB6BE844AFF15" box="[260,350,187,213]" country="China" name="Sichuan" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">Sichuan</collectingRegion>
and 
<collectingRegion id="49D6F8345C1D0C75FE69B6BE84CEFF15" box="[406,474,187,213]" country="China" name="Hubei" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">Hubei</collectingRegion>
<collectingMunicipality id="6BC9ACAC5C1D0C75FE1EB6BE8746FF15" box="[481,594,187,213]" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">Provinces</collectingMunicipality>
, and 
<collectingRegion id="49D6F8345C1D0C75FD72B6BE86AFFF16" box="[653,955,187,214]" country="China" name="Xizang" pageId="5" pageNumber="212">Tibet Autonomous Region</collectingRegion>
). 
<location id="8ECD600D5C1D0C75FC33B6BE8122FF15" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BB87C05C190C75FF68B0458698FEDD:8ECD600D5C1D0C75FC33B6BE8122FF15" box="[972,1078,187,213]" country="China" county="Oriental" municipality="Provinces" name="Although" pageId="5" pageNumber="212" stateProvince="Yunnan">Although</location>
several larvae belonging to this genus could be also captured with many pupae of the present species in slowly flowing small streams and ponds, we could not associate the larvae with the pupae of the present species
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>