160 lines
18 KiB
XML
160 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document id="EBC81F672F6241FC0128FF04F8DFEACD" ID-ISSN="2305-2562" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="diego" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="diego" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="diego" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="diego" IM.treatments_approvedBy="diego" checkinTime="1683582641946" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="de Winter, A. J. & Vastenhout, N." docDate="2013" docId="03BB8789FFB15E3BCC76FF6FFCA4C780" docLanguage="en" docName="AfrInvertebr.54.2.605-663.pdf" docOrigin="African Invertebrates 54 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:B78C63EC8CEBBB75364A82B35BB1F83D.4:AfrInvertebr.2008-2015.journal_article.0cover" docStyleId="B78C63EC8CEBBB75364A82B35BB1F83D" docStyleName="AfrInvertebr.2008-2015.journal_article.0cover" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Pseudavakubia liberiana de Winter & Vastenhout 2013, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="657" masterDocId="FF82FFF1FF855E0FCD0BFFA4FFE3C24B" masterDocTitle="Revision of the Afrotropical land snail genus Avakubia Pilsbry, 1919, with description of Pseudavakubia gen. n. and eleven new species (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Streptaxidae)" masterLastPageNumber="663" masterPageNumber="605" pageNumber="657" updateTime="1699501683870" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:titleInfo id="222E9702B274352A5CB804FFD18AD194">
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<mods:title id="7CEE4DAB4163AA29B4A2A76C5BAD3517">Revision of the Afrotropical land snail genus Avakubia Pilsbry, 1919, with description of Pseudavakubia gen. n. and eleven new species (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Streptaxidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="55BEF1251566942D011EA7B69B459891" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="93748F31CE6B06BEB74F03EED61C724D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="F172B072272B3776022C61BE7C55B778">de Winter, A. J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="BD1ACADC0077E589B13F8473ECD1D547" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="2DD669138621F6E0EF3F33F37F7F906C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="0F3C7E5BA3227A3E1FE170C7B72771A6">Vastenhout, N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="DE5CBDA1BECCFA5EFB4578E9D0B529C1">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="39C55CC03715A8823B11E8A3FE217C3F">
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<mods:title id="7FA19FD30A5AB91BDC119DDE86437750">African Invertebrates</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="1408776585810B3B5A341E56EDB3C9E8">
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<mods:date id="3A0540934B335737254CA488B1989728">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="73183F78F472546B8D06C3451853B70D" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="FAE07692878A49F9BC52EF93CCF88C48">2013-12-31</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="1BA6F0CFD264975AAD7335049B0DE3C7" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="3DD3852E6F068835D6C76F046C74BDE8">54</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="12895C0281610A2272B676C637C518A7" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="3FE8A7324DA6464C6F6032E26172B155">2</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="57C656CA9508F4EC2BCA0D834B8CBAC7">605</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="C03A7FFFDC5AADD86DB410B717F181EF">663</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="1517B7C97B6D9C31D803A972576DDDF7">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="42F9C0E163675918A64F86662B1094C4" type="ISSN">2305-2562</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03BB8789FFB15E3BCC76FF6FFCA4C780" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7918023" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7918023" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BB8789FFB15E3BCC76FF6FFCA4C780" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BB8789FFB15E3BCC76FF6FFCA4C780" lastPageNumber="657" pageId="52" pageNumber="657">
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<subSubSection id="C3086514FFB15E3BCC76FF6FFC81C2AD" box="[381,866,203,230]" pageId="52" pageNumber="657" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BAD369FFFB15E3BCC76FF6FFC81C2AD" blockId="52.[144,866,203,306]" box="[381,866,203,230]" pageId="52" pageNumber="657">
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<heading id="D0E581F3FFB15E3BCC76FF6FFC81C2AD" box="[381,866,203,230]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="52" pageNumber="657" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB15E3BCC76FF6FFCFFC2AD" ID-CoL="7STRP" authority="de Winter" authorityName="de Winter & Vastenhout" authorityYear="2013" box="[381,796,203,230]" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Pseudavakubia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="52" pageNumber="657" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="liberiana" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB15E3BCC76FF6FFD46C2AE" bold="true" box="[381,677,203,229]" pageId="52" pageNumber="657">Pseudavakubia liberiana</emphasis>
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de Winter
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25557F6FFB15E3BCE2CFF68FC81C2AD" box="[807,866,204,230]" pageId="52" pageNumber="657" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3086514FFB15E3BCF26FF50FD51C345" box="[557,690,244,270]" pageId="52" pageNumber="657" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BAD369FFFB15E3BCF26FF50FD51C345" blockId="52.[144,866,203,306]" box="[557,690,244,270]" pageId="52" pageNumber="657">
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<figureCitation id="13292A1AFFB15E3BCF26FF50FD51C345" box="[557,690,244,270]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="47.[181,214,1558,1580]" captionTargetBox="[196,1123,330,1539]" captionTargetId="figure-116@47.[196,1123,330,1539]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="Fig. 28. Shells of Pseudavakubia species: (A–E) P. atewaensis sp. n., holotype, RMNH.MOL.122875: apertural (A), lateral (B, C), umbilical (D) and apical (E) views; (F–I) P.atewaensis sp. n., paratype from type locality, NMW.Z.2013.055.00002: apertural (F), lateral (G), umbilical (H) and apical (I) views; (J–N) P. liberiana sp. n., holotype, MCZ 77342, apertural (J), lateral (K, L), umbilical (M) and apical (N) views. Scale bar = 1 mm." pageId="52" pageNumber="657">Figs 28J–N</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3086514FFB15E3BCD9BFEB9FD9AC379" box="[144,633,285,306]" pageId="52" pageNumber="657" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BAD369FFFB15E3BCD9BFEB9FD9AC379" blockId="52.[144,866,203,306]" box="[144,633,285,306]" pageId="52" pageNumber="657">
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<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB15E3BCD9BFEB9FD96C379" ID-CoL="3HLKF" authority=": Degner 1934 b: 377" authorityName="Degner" authorityPageNumber="377" authorityYear="1934" box="[144,629,285,306]" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Gulella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="52" pageNumber="657" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="avakubiensis" subGenus="Avakubia">
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<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB15E3BCD9BFEB9FE54C379" box="[144,439,285,306]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="657">Gulella (Avakubia) avakubiensis</emphasis>
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: Degner 1934
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<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB15E3BCF32FEB9FDA7C379" box="[569,580,285,306]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="657">b</emphasis>
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: 377
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3086514FFB15E3BCD9BFEE0FCA4C780" pageId="52" pageNumber="657" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BAD369FFFB15E3BCD9BFEE0FEF8C315" blockId="52.[144,1104,324,1077]" box="[144,283,324,350]" pageId="52" pageNumber="657">Description:</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAD369FFFB15E3BCD9BFEC8FE03C1ED" blockId="52.[144,1104,324,1077]" pageId="52" pageNumber="657">
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<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB15E3BCD9BFEC8FF2BC3CD" box="[144,200,364,390]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="657">Shell</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="13292A1AFFB15E3BCDDEFEC8FEBCC3CD" box="[213,351,364,390]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="47.[181,214,1558,1580]" captionTargetBox="[196,1123,330,1539]" captionTargetId="figure-116@47.[196,1123,330,1539]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="Fig. 28. Shells of Pseudavakubia species: (A–E) P. atewaensis sp. n., holotype, RMNH.MOL.122875: apertural (A), lateral (B, C), umbilical (D) and apical (E) views; (F–I) P.atewaensis sp. n., paratype from type locality, NMW.Z.2013.055.00002: apertural (F), lateral (G), umbilical (H) and apical (I) views; (J–N) P. liberiana sp. n., holotype, MCZ 77342, apertural (J), lateral (K, L), umbilical (M) and apical (N) views. Scale bar = 1 mm." pageId="52" pageNumber="657">Figs 28J–N</figureCitation>
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): Rather small (H
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<quantity id="4CEA9B7AFFB15E3BCF2CFEC8FD63C3CD" box="[551,640,364,390]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" pageId="52" pageNumber="657" unit="mm" value="2.9">2.9 mm</quantity>
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), ovoid-biconical, H:D 1.68, greatest diameter at penultimate whorl. Whorls above widest portion of shell moderately tapering towards apex. Whorls 6, strongly convex, whorl increase slow (coiling tightness 5.6). Protoconch diameter
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<quantity id="4CEA9B7AFFB15E3BCC88FE68FE0FC3AD" box="[387,492,460,487]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" pageId="52" pageNumber="657" unit="mm" value="1.15">1.15 mm</quantity>
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. Protoconch irregularly coiled, which is noticeable in lateral views of the shell. First
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<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB15E3BCCFEFE49FDECC04D" box="[501,527,493,518]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="657">ca</emphasis>
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1¼ whorls distinctly raised above nucleus, giving apex a distorted, acuminate appearance, with extremely fine spiral sculpture, appearing smooth and shining at lower magnification. Transition to spirally sculptured portion of the protoconch marked by axial thickening and slight change in colour. Spirals on later protoconch portion (
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<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB15E3BCCBBFDC9FE29C0CD" box="[432,458,621,646]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="657">ca</emphasis>
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¾ whorl) initially extremely weak and confined to lower quarter of whorl. Sculpture becomes more prominent (but still comparatively weak), towards teleoconch, where six or seven fine spiral cords discernable. Body whorl 44% of H. Periphery of last whorl slightly angular. Peristome entire, incrassate, roundish in outline, wider than high,
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<collectingCountry id="F305760FFFB15E3BCCAFFD48FE29C14D" box="[420,458,748,774]" name="Philippines" pageId="52" pageNumber="657">PH</collectingCountry>
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:PW 0.89,
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||
<collectingCountry id="F305760FFFB15E3BCF34FD48FD80C14D" box="[575,611,748,774]" name="Philippines" pageId="52" pageNumber="657">PH</collectingCountry>
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30% of SH, PW 57 % of D. Palatal-basal lip in lateral view comparatively straight, not arching forward. Angularis is a somewhat protruding tooth, continuing inwards as low lamella for at least half a whorl. Tooth on mid-palatal wall rather weak. Umbilicus fully closed, umbilical depression with radiating ribs. Teleoconch sculpture consists of slightly oblique, axial ribs, about 9.1 ribs/mm, with fine spirals in interstices.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAD369FFFB15E3BCD9BFC11FE7DC184" blockId="52.[144,1104,324,1077]" box="[144,414,949,976]" pageId="52" pageNumber="657">
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<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB15E3BCD9BFC11FEFAC184" box="[144,281,949,975]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="657">Body colour</emphasis>
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: Unknown.
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BAD369FFFB15E3BCD9BFC7BFE9BC1B3" blockId="52.[144,1104,324,1077]" box="[144,376,990,1017]" pageId="52" pageNumber="657">
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<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB15E3BCD9BFC7BFF17C1B2" box="[144,244,991,1017]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="657">Anatomy</emphasis>
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: Unknown.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAD369FFFB15E3BCD9BFBA3FE86C67F" blockId="52.[144,1104,324,1077]" pageId="52" pageNumber="657">
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<materialsCitation id="3B7A3CC2FFB15E3BCD9BFBA3FE86C67F" collectionCode="MCZ" collectorName="J. Bequaert & Harvard African Expedition" country="Liberia" elevation="200" latitude="7.28" location="Banga" longLatPrecision="782" longitude="-10.06" pageId="52" pageNumber="657" specimenCode="MCZ 77342" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="54A9883DFFB15E3BCD9BFBA3FF0BC656" box="[144,232,1031,1053]" pageId="52" pageNumber="657" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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:
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<collectingCountry id="F305760FFFB15E3BCDFBFBACFEAEC656" box="[240,333,1032,1053]" name="Liberia" pageId="52" pageNumber="657">LIBERIA</collectingCountry>
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:
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<location id="8ECD6044FFB15E3BCC5EFBACFE72C656" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BB8789FFB15E3BCC76FF6FFCA4C780:8ECD6044FFB15E3BCC5EFBACFE72C656" box="[341,401,1032,1053]" country="Liberia" latitude="7.28" longLatPrecision="782" longitude="-10.06" name="Banga" pageId="52" pageNumber="657">Banga</location>
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,
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<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB15E3BCC92FBACFE4DC656" box="[409,430,1032,1053]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="657">ca</emphasis>
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<geoCoordinate id="EE265058FFB15E3BCCBFFBA3FE16C657" box="[436,501,1031,1052]" degrees="7.28" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="52" pageNumber="657" precision="555" value="7.28">7.28°N</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="EE265058FFB15E3BCCF1FBA3FDAFC656" box="[506,588,1031,1053]" degrees="10.06" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="52" pageNumber="657" precision="555" value="-10.06">10.06°W</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB15E3BCF5EFBACFD89C656" box="[597,618,1032,1053]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="657">ca</emphasis>
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||
<quantity id="4CEA9B7AFFB15E3BCF64FBA3FD48C656" box="[623,683,1031,1053]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="52" pageNumber="657" unit="m" value="200.0">
|
||
<elevation id="003FD1ACFFB15E3BCF64FBA3FD48C656" box="[623,683,1031,1053]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="52" pageNumber="657" unit="m" value="200.0">200 m</elevation>
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</quantity>
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, 1926–1927,
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<collectorName id="26E75349FFB15E3BCE2DFBACFC6EC656" box="[806,909,1032,1053]" pageId="52" pageNumber="657">J. Bequaert</collectorName>
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||
,
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<collectorName id="26E75349FFB15E3BCE9DFBA3FF39C67E" pageId="52" pageNumber="657">Harvard African Expedition</collectorName>
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||
(
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||
<specimenCode id="DBB49EE4FFB15E3BCDEDFBBBFEB8C67F" box="[230,347,1055,1076]" collectionCode="MCZ" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33791" name="Museum of Comparative Zoology" pageId="52" pageNumber="657" type="Museum">MCZ 77342</specimenCode>
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||
).
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</materialsCitation>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BAD369FFFB15E3BCD9BFBE2FCFAC62B" blockId="52.[144,793,1094,1121]" box="[144,793,1094,1121]" pageId="52" pageNumber="657">
|
||
Distribution (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13292A1AFFB15E3BCC2DFBE2FE98C62A" box="[294,379,1094,1121]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="51.[410,443,730,752]" captionTargetBox="[190,1137,203,704]" captionTargetId="figure-361@51.[190,1137,203,704]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="Fig. 31. Distribution records of Pseudavakubia species." pageId="52" pageNumber="657">Fig. 31</figureCitation>
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||
): Only known from the
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<typeStatus id="54A9883DFFB15E3BCF83FBE3FD5BC62A" box="[648,696,1095,1121]" pageId="52" pageNumber="657">type</typeStatus>
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||
locality.
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAD369FFFB15E3BCD9BFBD5FCF3C720" blockId="52.[144,1104,1137,1484]" pageId="52" pageNumber="657">
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Remarks: This species is represented by a single fresh shell only, which was originally identified as a specimen of
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<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB15E3BCCCDFB35FCD7C6E0" authority="(Degner 1934 b)" baseAuthorityName="Degner" baseAuthorityYear="1934" box="[454,820,1169,1195]" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Gulella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="52" pageNumber="657" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="avakubiensis">
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<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB15E3BCCCDFB35FD94C6E0" box="[454,631,1169,1195]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="657">A. avakubiensis</emphasis>
|
||
(Degner 1934
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB15E3BCE10FB35FCCAC6E0" box="[795,809,1169,1195]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="657">b</emphasis>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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. It best resembles
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<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB15E3BC903FB36FF0AC680" authorityName="de Winter & Vastenhout" authorityYear="2013" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Pseudavakubia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="52" pageNumber="657" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="atewaensis">
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<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB15E3BC903FB36FF0AC680" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="657">P. atewaensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, of which it eventually may turn out to be a geographical form. However, the Liberian shell was collected at some considerable distance (almost
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<quantity id="4CEA9B7AFFB15E3BCE76FB75FC01C6A0" box="[893,994,1233,1259]" metricMagnitude="6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="52" pageNumber="657" unit="km" value="1000.0">1000 km</quantity>
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) from the Atewa Range, and differs by a smaller shell with more convex whorls, larger protoconch with more and finer spiral cords, a proportionally larger body whorl, and a much weaker tooth on the palatal lip. We prefer to describe this shell as specifically distinct. More material is required to test this taxonomic decision.
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||
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BAD369FFFB15E3BCDA1FAD5FCA4C780" blockId="52.[144,1104,1137,1484]" pageId="52" pageNumber="657">
|
||
The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54A9883DFFB15E3BCDD7FAD5FEDDC7C0" box="[220,318,1393,1419]" pageId="52" pageNumber="657" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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||
shell exhibits a pale marking on the body whorl which might be incorrectly interpreted as the palatal fold characteristic of the genus
|
||
<emphasis id="B966EA8DFFB15E3BCE46FA35FC5EC7E0" box="[845,957,1425,1451]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="657">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D1CFFB15E3BCE46FA35FC5AC7E0" authorityName="Pilsbry" authorityYear="1919" box="[845,953,1425,1451]" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Avakubia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="52" pageNumber="657" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Avakubia</taxonomicName>
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||
.
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||
</emphasis>
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||
By means of a CTscan the absence of internal barriers could be confirmed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |