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<document id="3C87E92138B0CA40259A083D11CC1D60" ID-CLB-Dataset="42349" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3911.2.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8baa9579-e863-47db-b025-7acc20458ac0" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="238815" ID-ZooBank="5C32A1B4-E4AB-4BC3-8E8A-1BF435587D17" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460940336171" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ugalde, Diana, Gómez, Patricia &amp; Simões, Nuno" docDate="2015" docId="03BB02496076FFC2FF54D76B8293BC6A" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03911p183.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3911 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Dragmacidon reticulatum Ridley &amp; Dendy 1886" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="171" masterDocId="FF827A316065FFD6FFC3D30A810FBD76" masterDocTitle="Marine sponges (Porifera: Demospongiae) from the Gulf of México, new records and redescription of Erylus trisphaerus (de Laubenfels, 1953)" masterLastPageNumber="183" masterPageNumber="151" pageNumber="170" updateTime="1698584134703" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="FB0123BACBF0A0B18D9D67873D99A0DD">Marine sponges (Porifera: Demospongiae) from the Gulf of México, new records and redescription of Erylus trisphaerus (de Laubenfels, 1953)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="D01123A8890230196042B58335FD4DD5">Ugalde, Diana</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B3C79C426C054EBB4554B68B9616A59C">Gómez, Patricia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5A82A154816EB3574D12ADD0BF3B00AC">Simões, Nuno</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="18C3C64C4A245D9B3CB3A1507C0209A0">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="DA3F0E635B3DE7A5E9D4F137E0E02A1F">2015</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03BB02496076FFC2FF54D76B8293BC6A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5678300" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119591238" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5678300" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BB02496076FFC2FF54D76B8293BC6A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BB02496076FFC2FF54D76B8293BC6A" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="171" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
<subSubSection id="C308E0D46076FFC5FF54D76B824AB994" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BADB35F6076FFC5FF54D76B83F3B90D" blockId="19.[151,764,1121,1181]" box="[151,764,1121,1147]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
<heading id="D0E504336076FFC5FF54D76B83F3B90D" bold="true" box="[151,764,1121,1147]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C12C8DC6076FFC5FF54D76B83F3B90D" authority="Ridley &amp; Dendy, 1886" authorityName="Ridley &amp; Dendy" authorityYear="1886" box="[151,764,1121,1147]" class="Demospongiae" family="Axinellidae" genus="Dragmacidon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Halichondrida" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="reticulatum">
<emphasis id="B9666F4D6076FFC5FF54D76B83F3B90D" bold="true" box="[151,764,1121,1147]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
<emphasis id="B9666F4D6076FFC5FF54D76B80DEB90D" bold="true" box="[151,465,1121,1147]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Dragmacidon reticulatum</emphasis>
(Ridley &amp; Dendy, 1886)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BADB35F6076FFC5FF54D78E8078B9EA" blockId="19.[151,764,1121,1181]" box="[151,375,1156,1181]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
(
<figureCitation id="1329AFDA6076FFC5FF5CD78E81F6B9EB" box="[159,249,1156,1181]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="20.[151,250,855,877]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,339,831]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,339,831]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 15. Dragmacidon reticulatum (Ridley &amp; Dendy, 1886): A. Choanosomal skeleton in cross section, densely packed tracts and small to wide meshes are visible. B. Common styles and oxeas typically bent toward round ends and the middle." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/238830/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Figs. 15</figureCitation>
A–B, 22A)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BADB35F6076FFC5FF54D7C6824AB994" blockId="19.[151,1436,1228,1373]" box="[151,837,1228,1250]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
Selected synonymy:
<taxonomicName id="4C12C8DC6076FFC5FEAAD7C6824EB994" authority="Ridley &amp; Dendy, 1886:481" authorityName="Ridley &amp; Dendy" authorityPageNumber="481" authorityYear="1886" box="[361,833,1228,1250]" class="Demospongiae" family="Axinellidae" genus="Axinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Halichondrida" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="reticulata">
<emphasis id="B9666F4D6076FFC5FEAAD7C6832AB994" box="[361,549,1228,1250]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Axinella reticulata</emphasis>
Ridley &amp; Dendy, 1886:481
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C308E0D46076FFC5FF54D7E08394B82A" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BADB35F6076FFC5FF54D7E0807FB869" blockId="19.[151,1436,1228,1373]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0294716076FFC5FF54D7E0807FB869" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
<taxonomicName id="4C12C8DC6076FFC5FF54D7E080A4B876" ID-CoL="4NLV7" box="[151,427,1258,1280]" class="Demospongiae" family="Axinellidae" genus="Pseudaxinella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Axinellida" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="lunaecharta">
<emphasis id="B9666F4D6076FFC5FF54D7E080A4B876" box="[151,427,1258,1280]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Pseudaxinella lunaecharta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AB3954E6076FFC5FE7ED7E083B8B876" author="Wiedenmayer" box="[445,695,1258,1280]" page="155" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" year="1977">
<bibRefCitation id="EF83CEAE6076FFC5FE7ED7E08384B876" author="Wiedenmayer" box="[445,651,1258,1280]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" refString="Wiedenmayer, F. (1977) Shallow water sponges of the Western Bahamas. Experientia Supplementum, 28, 1 - 287. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 3 - 0348 - 5797 - 0" type="journal article" year="1977">Wiedenmayer 1977</bibRefCitation>
:155
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AB3954E6076FFC5FD05D7E082D8B876" author="Gomez" box="[710,983,1258,1280]" page="81" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" year="1984">
<bibRefCitation id="EF83CEAE6076FFC5FD05D7E082B6B876" author="Gomez" box="[710,953,1258,1280]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" refString="Gomez, P. &amp; Green, G. (1984) Sistematica de las esponjas marinas de Puerto Morelos, Quintana Roo, Mexico. Anales del Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnologia de la Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, 11, 69 - 90." type="journal article" year="1984">Gómez &amp; Green 1984</bibRefCitation>
:81
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AB3954E6076FFC5FC26D7E18577B876" author="Zea" box="[997,1144,1258,1280]" page="195" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" year="1987">
<bibRefCitation id="EF83CEAE6076FFC5FC26D7E18542B876" author="Zea" box="[997,1101,1258,1280]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" refString="Zea, S. (1987) Esponjas del Caribe Colombiano. Editorial Catalogo Cientifico, Colombia, 283 pp." type="book" year="1987">Zea 1987</bibRefCitation>
:195
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AB3954E6076FFC5FB44D7E08497B876" author="Rubio-Fernandez" box="[1159,1432,1258,1280]" page="57" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" year="1997">
<bibRefCitation id="EF83CEAE6076FFC5FB44D7E08476B876" author="Rubio-Fernandez" box="[1159,1401,1258,1280]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" refString="Rubio-Fernandez, I. A. (1997) Descripcion morfologica de las esponjas marinas de la Peninsula de Yucatan. Bachelor degree Dissertation, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico, 141 pp." type="book" year="1997">Rubio-Fernández 1997</bibRefCitation>
:57
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AB3954E6076FFC5FF04D6038062B869" author="Gomez" box="[199,365,1289,1311]" page="73" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" year="2002">
<bibRefCitation id="EF83CEAE6076FFC5FF04D6038040B869" author="Gomez" box="[199,335,1289,1311]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" refString="Gomez, P. (2002) Esponjas marinas del Golfo de Mexico y el Caribe. AGT Editor, S. A, Mexico, 134 pp." type="book" year="2002">Gómez 2002</bibRefCitation>
:73
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BADB35F6076FFC5FF54D62282AAB848" blockId="19.[151,1436,1228,1373]" box="[151,933,1320,1342]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0294716076FFC5FF54D62282AAB848" box="[151,933,1320,1342]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
<taxonomicName id="4C12C8DC6076FFC5FF54D6228081B848" ID-CoL="4NLV8" box="[151,398,1320,1342]" class="Demospongiae" family="Axinellidae" genus="Pseudaxinella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Axinellida" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="reticulata">
<emphasis id="B9666F4D6076FFC5FF54D6228081B848" box="[151,398,1320,1342]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Pseudaxinella reticulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AB3954E6076FFC5FE58D6228371B848" author="Alvarez" box="[411,638,1320,1342]" page="15" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" year="1998">
<bibRefCitation id="EF83CEAE6076FFC5FE58D622836DB848" author="Alvarez" box="[411,610,1320,1342]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" refString="Alvarez, B., Soest, R. W. M. van &amp; Rutzler, K. (1998) A Revision of Axinellidae (Porifera: Demospongiae) in the Central West Atlantic Region. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 598, 1 - 47. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00810282.598" type="journal article" year="1998">
Alvarez
<emphasis id="B9666F4D6076FFC5FE31D623832AB848" box="[498,549,1320,1342]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">et al.</emphasis>
1998
</bibRefCitation>
:15
</treatmentCitation>
(with additional synonymy).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BADB35F6076FFC5FF54D64C8394B82A" blockId="19.[151,1436,1228,1373]" box="[151,667,1350,1373]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0294716076FFC5FF54D64C8394B82A" box="[151,667,1350,1373]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
<taxonomicName id="4C12C8DC6076FFC5FF54D64C8091B82A" box="[151,414,1350,1372]" class="Demospongiae" family="Axinellidae" genus="Dragmacidon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Halichondrida" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="reticulatum">
<emphasis id="B9666F4D6076FFC5FF54D64C8091B82A" box="[151,414,1350,1372]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Dragmacidon reticulatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
;
<treatmentCitation id="0AB3954E6076FFC5FE68D64C8398B82A" author="Rutzler" box="[427,663,1350,1373]" page="301" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" year="2009">
<bibRefCitation id="EF83CEAE6076FFC5FE68D64C8363B82A" author="Rutzler" box="[427,620,1350,1373]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" refString="Rutzler, K., Soest, R. W. M. van &amp; Piatoni, C. (2009) Sponge (Porifera) of the Gulf of Mexico. In: Felder, D. L. &amp; Camp, D. K. (Eds.) Gulf of Mexico Origin, Waters, and Biota: Biodiversity. Texas A &amp; M University Press, Texas, pp. 1019 - 1104." type="book chapter" year="2009">
Rützler
<emphasis id="B9666F4D6076FFC5FE3FD6428320B82A" box="[508,559,1350,1373]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">et al.</emphasis>
2009
</bibRefCitation>
:301
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C308E0D46076FFC5FF54D6838574B8B0" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BADB35F6076FFC5FF54D6838574B8B0" blockId="19.[151,1436,1417,2018]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
<emphasis id="B9666F4D6076FFC5FF54D683808FB8D4" bold="true" box="[151,384,1417,1442]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Material examined</emphasis>
.
<collectionCode id="ED032B9A6076FFC5FE57D68080F9B8D4" box="[404,502,1418,1442]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">CNPGG</collectionCode>
–1411 Alacranes reef (
<geoCoordinate id="EE26D5986076FFC5FCC6D68082ABB8D4" box="[773,932,1418,1442]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" precision="1" value="22.395777">22°23’44.8”N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE26D5986076FFC5FC71D6808558B8D4" box="[946,1111,1418,1442]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" precision="1" value="-89.70608">89°42’21.9”W</geoCoordinate>
) depth
<quantity id="4CEA1EBA6076FFC5FB7AD68085E1B8D7" box="[1209,1262,1418,1442]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" unit="m" value="3.0">3 m</quantity>
;
<date id="FFAC959F6076FFC5FAC2D6808498B8D4" box="[1281,1431,1418,1442]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="2009-08-03">03/VIII/2009</date>
;
<collectionCode id="ED032B9A6076FFC5FF54D6A481F7B8B0" box="[151,248,1454,1478]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">CNPGG</collectionCode>
–1410 Sisal Banks reefs (
<geoCoordinate id="EE26D5986076FFC5FDD0D6A783CFB8B0" box="[531,704,1453,1478]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" precision="1" value="21.43794">21°26’16.59”N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE26D5986076FFC5FD04D6A78258B8B0" box="[711,855,1453,1478]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" precision="15" value="-90.277504">90°16’39”W</geoCoordinate>
) depth
<quantity id="4CEA1EBA6076FFC5FC6FD6A482E8B8B3" box="[940,999,1454,1478]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" unit="m" value="12.0">12 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FFAC959F6076FFC5FC30D6A48578B8B0" box="[1011,1143,1454,1478]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" value="2011-06-09">09/VI/2011</date>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C308E0D46076FFC5FF04D6DB8379BA58" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BADB35F6076FFC5FF04D6DB807FBB0C" blockId="19.[151,1436,1417,2018]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
<emphasis id="B9666F4D6076FFC5FF04D6DB805EB89C" bold="true" box="[199,337,1489,1514]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Description</emphasis>
. Massive-amorphous or mound shaped sponge,
<quantity id="4CEA1EBA6076FFC5FCB4D6D882BFB89F" box="[887,944,1490,1513]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" unit="cm" value="7.0">7 cm</quantity>
wide and
<quantity id="4CEA1EBA6076FFC5FBEAD6DB856EB89F" box="[1065,1121,1489,1514]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" unit="cm" value="5.0">5 cm</quantity>
high, narrower towards the base (
<figureCitation id="1329AFDA6076FFC5FF1AD6FF8023BB78" box="[217,300,1525,1550]" captionStart="FIGURE 22" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1272,1294]" captionTargetBox="[340,1246,369,1250]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[340,1247,369,1251]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 22. Sponges in situ: A. Dragmacidon reticulatum. B. Agelas tubulata. C. Chalinula molitba. D. Dysidea variabilis." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/238837/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
A). The sponge surface is punctiform, reticulate and microhispid owing to the protruding fibres, like thick evenly distributed conules. Oscules are conspicuous and circular
<quantity id="4CEA1EBA6076FFC5FC75D513851BBB47" box="[950,1044,1561,1586]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" unit="mm" value="6.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="5.0">5‒8 mm</quantity>
in diameter, usually distributed on top of the sponge. The consistency is firm, not easily compressible. Color is bright orange when alive, light orange or beige in alcohol.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BADB35F6076FFC5FF04D58F8054BB90" blockId="19.[151,1436,1417,2018]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
<emphasis id="B9666F4D6076FFC5FF04D58F8021BBE8" bold="true" box="[199,302,1669,1694]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Skeleton</emphasis>
. Choanosomal skeleton consist of a reticulation of plurispicular tracts without axial condensation (390‒450 µm thick); these are joined by connective fibres 210‒280 µm in diameter, forming meshes of 650 µm width (
<figureCitation id="1329AFDA6076FFC5FF25D5C78039BB90" box="[230,310,1741,1766]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="20.[151,250,855,877]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,339,831]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,339,831]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 15. Dragmacidon reticulatum (Ridley &amp; Dendy, 1886): A. Choanosomal skeleton in cross section, densely packed tracts and small to wide meshes are visible. B. Common styles and oxeas typically bent toward round ends and the middle." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/238830/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
A).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BADB35F6076FFC5FF04D5FB8379BA58" blockId="19.[151,1436,1417,2018]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
<emphasis id="B9666F4D6076FFC5FF04D5FB8026BA7C" bold="true" box="[199,297,1777,1802]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Spicules</emphasis>
. Styles bent in the middle and toward round ends, 200‒300 × 6.8‒7.8 µm; oxeas also bent in the middle, 283‒340 × 7.8‒9.8 µm (
<figureCitation id="1329AFDA6076FFC5FDC0D41F835BBA58" box="[515,596,1813,1838]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="20.[151,250,855,877]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,339,831]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,339,831]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 15. Dragmacidon reticulatum (Ridley &amp; Dendy, 1886): A. Choanosomal skeleton in cross section, densely packed tracts and small to wide meshes are visible. B. Common styles and oxeas typically bent toward round ends and the middle." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/238830/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
B).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C308E0D46076FFC5FF04D433844BBA94" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BADB35F6076FFC5FF04D433844BBA94" blockId="19.[151,1436,1417,2018]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
<emphasis id="B9666F4D6076FFC5FF04D43380F7BA24" bold="true" box="[199,504,1849,1874]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Distribution and ecology</emphasis>
. North Carolina,
<collectingCountry id="F305F3CF6076FFC5FD12D4338235BA24" box="[721,826,1849,1874]" name="Bahamas" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Bahamas</collectingCountry>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C12C8DC6076FFC5FC8FD43382BABA24" box="[844,949,1849,1874]" class="Demospongiae" family="Chondropsidae" genus="Strongylacidon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="19" pageNumber="180" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="bermuda">
<collectingCountry id="F305F3CF6076FFC5FC8FD43382BABA24" box="[844,949,1849,1874]" name="Bermuda" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Bermuda</collectingCountry>
</taxonomicName>
, Florida,
<collectingCountry id="F305F3CF6076FFC5FBEED4338591BA24" box="[1069,1182,1849,1874]" name="Colombia" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Colombia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F305F3CF6076FFC5FB73D4338429BA24" box="[1200,1318,1849,1874]" name="Venezuela" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F305F3CF6076FFC5FAFBD4308497BA24" box="[1336,1432,1850,1874]" name="Curaçao" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Curaçao</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F305F3CF6076FFC5FF54D45781D1BA00" box="[151,222,1885,1910]" name="Brazil" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, on rock patches, mangrove roots and coral reefs at
<quantity id="4CEA1EBA6076FFC5FC97D45782EDBA03" box="[852,994,1885,1910]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.525" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="0.05" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" unit="m" value="35.25" valueMax="70.0" valueMin="0.5">0.5 to 70 m</quantity>
depth (
<bibRefCitation id="EF83CEAE6076FFC5FB83D4578425BA00" author="Alvarez" box="[1088,1322,1885,1910]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" refString="Alvarez, B., Soest, R. W. M. van &amp; Rutzler, K. (1998) A Revision of Axinellidae (Porifera: Demospongiae) in the Central West Atlantic Region. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 598, 1 - 47. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00810282.598" type="journal article" year="1998">
Alvarez
<emphasis id="B9666F4D6076FFC5FB65D45485ECBA00" box="[1190,1251,1885,1910]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">et al.</emphasis>
1998
</bibRefCitation>
);
<collectingCountry id="F305F3CF6076FFC5FA80D4548493BA00" box="[1347,1436,1886,1910]" name="Panama" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Panamá</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF83CEAE6076FFC5FF5DD48880C0BAEC" author="Guzman" box="[158,463,1922,1946]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" refString="Guzman, H. M. &amp; Guevara, C. A. (1998) Arrecifes coralinos de Bocas del Toro, Panama: I. Distribucion, estructura y estado de conservacion de los arrecifes continentales de la Laguna de Chiriqui y la Bahia Almirante. Revista de Biologia Tropical, 46, 601 - 623." type="journal article" year="1998">Guzmán &amp; Guevara 1998</bibRefCitation>
);
<collectingCountry id="F305F3CF6076FFC5FE24D48B832DBAEC" box="[487,546,1921,1946]" name="Cuba" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Cuba</collectingCountry>
(Alcolado 2002) Quintana Roo (
<bibRefCitation id="EF83CEAE6076FFC5FC66D4888530BAEC" author="Gomez" box="[933,1087,1922,1946]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" refString="Gomez, P. (2002) Esponjas marinas del Golfo de Mexico y el Caribe. AGT Editor, S. A, Mexico, 134 pp." type="book" year="2002">Gómez 2002</bibRefCitation>
). Inhabits coral reefs on coral rubble, seaweed and seagrass from
<quantity id="4CEA1EBA6076FFC5FD93D4AC83DABACB" box="[592,725,1958,1982]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="12.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" unit="m" value="7.5" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="3.0">3 to 12 m</quantity>
depth. Rubio-Fernández recorded this species in 1997 as
<taxonomicName id="4C12C8DC6076FFC5FF54D4C380CBBA94" box="[151,452,1993,2018]" class="Demospongiae" family="Axinellidae" genus="Pseudaxinella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Axinellida" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="lunaecharta">
<emphasis id="B9666F4D6076FFC5FF54D4C380CBBA94" box="[151,452,1993,2018]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Pseudaxinella lunaecharta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the east border of Campeche Bank, but that record has never been published.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C308E0D46071FFC2FF04D39D8293BC6A" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BADB35F6071FFC2FF04D39D8293BC6A" blockId="20.[151,1436,151,285]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">
<emphasis id="B9666F4D6071FFC2FF04D39D803BBDC6" bold="true" box="[199,308,151,176]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">Remarks</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C12C8DC6071FFC2FE84D39D8361BDC6" box="[327,622,151,176]" class="Demospongiae" family="Axinellidae" genus="Dragmacidon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Halichondrida" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="reticulatum">
<emphasis id="B9666F4D6071FFC2FE84D39D8361BDC6" box="[327,622,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="171">Dragmacidon reticulatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has never been collected from Veracruz reefs, although there is one unpublished record from the Campeche Bank area (
<bibRefCitation id="EF83CEAE6071FFC2FD10D3B682D5BDA2" author="Rubio-Fernandez" box="[723,986,188,213]" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" refString="Rubio-Fernandez, I. A. (1997) Descripcion morfologica de las esponjas marinas de la Peninsula de Yucatan. Bachelor degree Dissertation, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico, 141 pp." type="book" year="1997">Rubio-Fernández 1997</bibRefCitation>
). Being a widespread species around the Caribbean Sea, from shallow to
<quantity id="4CEA1EBA6071FFC2FDC0D3EA8332BD81" box="[515,573,224,248]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="20" pageNumber="171" unit="m" value="70.0">70 m</quantity>
deep, from reefs to mangrove environments, it had not been recorded inside the Gulf except from Florida, in colder waters than the southern part.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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