260 lines
35 KiB
XML
260 lines
35 KiB
XML
<document id="EE2385F71A352DB48A9F5DC543124FB7" ID-CLB-Dataset="293158" ID-DOI="10.1111/jfb.13772" ID-GBIF-Dataset="5475a3b2-c2f9-416e-b8cc-7ad6bff260ec" ID-ISSN="1095-8649" ID-PMC="PMC6174970" ID-PubMed="30069890" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10928744" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="julia" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="julia" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="julia" IM.tables_approvedBy="julia" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="julia" IM.treatments_approvedBy="julia" checkinTime="1712260999350" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Fenkes, Miriam, Shiels, Holly A. & Nudds, Robert L." docDate="2018" docId="03F187DCFFCB5151FFF9F96A8023E9B9" docLanguage="en" docName="JFishBiol.93.2.360-369.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Fish Biology 93 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jfb.13772" docStyle="DocumentStyle:E312FF628AF650F200AD49ACE691BDEB.1:JFishBiol.2018-.journal_article.open" docStyleId="E312FF628AF650F200AD49ACE691BDEB" docStyleName="JFishBiol.2018-.journal_article.open" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Salmo trutta Linnaeus 1758" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="364" masterDocId="FFC8FFA4FFCF5155FF83FA7C8553ED1C" masterDocTitle="Body shape and robustness response to water flow during development of brown trout Salmo trutta parr" masterLastPageNumber="369" masterPageNumber="360" pageNumber="364" updateTime="1712604741089" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0">
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<mods:title id="F0FA1C585A792A6C3268DA2E933735EB">Body shape and robustness response to water flow during development of brown trout Salmo trutta parr</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="6BD50232EFB06933FC849CCDB2080A1F">Fenkes, Miriam</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="542E5CC75C6FEFDA111046EE63E8D1D8">Shiels, Holly A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="281F41155F4D6672E9821C587CBA05E6">Nudds, Robert L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="9313E460F2BAF85458959007A84DFBCA">Journal of Fish Biology</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="C3AEB163C015BEB38083C7832BAEF823">
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<mods:date id="316DCB94EAF2923CA18759CF50CF9B67">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="65A2000579627948E5C4D31BB366FAF2">2018-09-21</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="85908BCB0494375155EEC3C3698D953F">93</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03F187DCFFCB5151FFF9F96A8023E9B9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10946252" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10946252" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F187DCFFCB5151FFF9F96A8023E9B9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F187DCFFCB5151FFF9F96A8023E9B9" lastPageNumber="364" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">
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<subSubSection id="C3426541FFCB5151FFF9F96A846DEE33" box="[122,318,790,815]" pageId="4" pageNumber="364" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BE736CAFFCB5151FFF9F96A846DEE33" blockId="4.[122,318,790,815]" box="[122,318,790,815]" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">
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<heading id="D0AF81A6FFCB5151FFF9F96A846DEE33" box="[122,318,790,815]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="364" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B92CEAD8FFCB5151FFF9F96A85DAEE33" bold="true" box="[122,137,790,815]" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">3</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C584D49FFCB5151FF43F96A846DEE33" ID-CoL="79CZL" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[192,318,790,815]" family="Salmonidae" genus="Salmo" kingdom="Animalia" order="Salmoniformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="364" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="trutta">
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<emphasis id="B92CEAD8FFCB5151FF43F96A846DEE33" bold="true" box="[192,318,790,815]" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">RESULTS</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3426541FFCB5151FFF9F91A8023E9B9" pageId="4" pageNumber="364" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BE736CAFFCB5151FFF9F91A8754EE63" blockId="4.[122,519,870,895]" box="[122,519,870,895]" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">
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<heading id="D0AF81A6FFCB5151FFF9F91A8754EE63" box="[122,519,870,895]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="364" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="B92CEAD8FFCB5151FFF9F91A85CCEE63" bold="true" box="[122,159,870,895]" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">3.1</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B92CEAD8FFCB5151FF53F91A8754EE63" bold="true" box="[208,519,870,895]" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">Geometric morphometrics</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE736CAFFCB5151FFF9F9E6870DEA3D" blockId="4.[122,770,922,1825]" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">
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The shape changes associated with the first three between-group principal components (
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<figureCitation id="13632A4FFFCB5151FED0F9C284CCEECE" box="[339,415,958,978]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[122,188,1029,1046]" captionTargetBox="[343,1245,134,993]" captionTargetId="graphics-413@3.[356,1237,468,569]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1 (a) Landmark positions () on Salmo trutta parr that were digitised twice and then averaged to minimize measurement error. (b) Shape changes associated with principal components (PCs) 1–3. PCs were derived from a between-group PC analysis of Procrustes superimposed landmarks., Consensus shape with numbered landmark positions;, Shape changes associated with each PC. Shape changes are scaled to observed PC scores: Left hand side shape changes (back outlines) are scaled to the minimum value observed across the sample on each respective PC (shown below the image) and right hand side shape changes (black outlines) are scaled to the maximum value observed across the sample on each respective PC. PC1 describes a change in head size, PC2 describes dorso-ventral arching of the body and PC3 describes changes in overall robustness and body depth" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10928746" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10928746/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">Figure 1</figureCitation>
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(b)) cumulatively explained 76.9% of variance in the data (
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<tableCitation id="C6DA0371FFCB5151FEC9F99D84C2EEE9" box="[330,401,993,1013]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="3.[122,179,1290,1307]" captionTargetBox="[132,759,1419,1786]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="TABLE 1 Variance explained by principal component analysis (PCA) on Procrustes superimposed landmarks on Salmo trutta parr and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) on the PC scores after correction for the arching artefact (PC2)" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF276642FFCC5156FFF9FF768411E868" pageId="4" pageNumber="364" tableUuid="DF276642FFCC5156FFF9FF768411E868">Table 1</tableCitation>
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). PC1 described enlargement of head height at length, whereas PC3 was most strongly associated with reduced head and body depth. PC2 was associated with dorso-ventral arching of the body and, as an artefact of positioning the flexible fish bodies for photographing, was removed mathematically before further analysis (see § 2.4.1). While individual loadings on PC1 described a progressive, age-related shape change from a larger to smaller head size (
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<figureCitation id="13632A4FFFCB5151FF2BFEA485A7E9F0" box="[168,244,1240,1260]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[122,188,1479,1496]" captionTargetBox="[309,1349,125,1457]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2 (a) Principal component (PC) () C00, () C04, () C10, () C20, () C32, () E04, () E10, () E20, and () E32 and (b) linear discriminant (LD) scores for Salmo trutta treatment groups (C, control; E, exercise) across experimental weeks (i.e., age 00 (control sample before treatment initiation) to 32 (32 weeks of treatment); n = 6 individuals per group). PC1 and PC3, derived from a between-group PC analysis of Procrustes superimposed landmarks corrected for the arching artefact (PC2). LD1 and LD2, derived from a LD analysis on the corrected principal component scores. Ellipses demarcate 95% confidence intervals; O, group centroids. N.B. The change of direction for head size on LD1 resulting from a negative association with PC1 (see Table 2)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10946254" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10946254/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">Figure 2</figureCitation>
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(a)), loadings on PC3 appeared to describe an increase in body depth of exercised as opposed to control groups in the later stages of the experiment (
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<figureCitation id="13632A4FFFCB5151FEF6FF638490E82F" box="[373,451,1311,1331]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[122,188,1479,1496]" captionTargetBox="[309,1349,125,1457]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2 (a) Principal component (PC) () C00, () C04, () C10, () C20, () C32, () E04, () E10, () E20, and () E32 and (b) linear discriminant (LD) scores for Salmo trutta treatment groups (C, control; E, exercise) across experimental weeks (i.e., age 00 (control sample before treatment initiation) to 32 (32 weeks of treatment); n = 6 individuals per group). PC1 and PC3, derived from a between-group PC analysis of Procrustes superimposed landmarks corrected for the arching artefact (PC2). LD1 and LD2, derived from a LD analysis on the corrected principal component scores. Ellipses demarcate 95% confidence intervals; O, group centroids. N.B. The change of direction for head size on LD1 resulting from a negative association with PC1 (see Table 2)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10946254" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10946254/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">Figure 2</figureCitation>
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(a)). This was partly confirmed by the results from linear discriminant analysis
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<emphasis id="B92CEAD8FFCB5151FDAFFF3E870EE84A" box="[556,605,1346,1366]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">(LDA)</emphasis>
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: the coefficients from linear discriminants 1 and 2, cumulatively explaining 88.33% of variance in the data (
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<tableCitation id="C6DA0371FFCB5151FEBFFFF5842CE881" box="[316,383,1417,1437]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="3.[122,179,1290,1307]" captionTargetBox="[132,759,1419,1786]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="TABLE 1 Variance explained by principal component analysis (PCA) on Procrustes superimposed landmarks on Salmo trutta parr and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) on the PC scores after correction for the arching artefact (PC2)" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF276642FFCC5156FFF9FF768411E868" pageId="4" pageNumber="364" tableUuid="DF276642FFCC5156FFF9FF768411E868">Table 1</tableCitation>
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) were most strongly associated with PCs 1 and 3, respectively (
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<tableCitation id="C6DA0371FFCB5151FECEFFD084C4E8DC" box="[333,407,1452,1472]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="6.[122,179,135,152]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,206,468]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="TABLE 2 Coefficients derived from a linear discriminants (LD) analysis on PC scores from a between-group PC analysis of Procrustes superimposed landmarks on Salmo trutta parr, corrected for the arching artefact (PC2)" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF276642FFC95153FFF9FAFB86DCEDAB" pageId="4" pageNumber="364" tableUuid="DF276642FFC95153FFF9FAFB86DCEDAB">Table 2</tableCitation>
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). LDA achieved 85.19% correct group classification and 62.96% cross-validated correct classification for treatment groups across weeks (
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<figureCitation id="13632A4FFFCB5151FE32FF8F8752EB1B" box="[433,513,1523,1543]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[122,188,1479,1496]" captionTargetBox="[309,1349,125,1457]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2 (a) Principal component (PC) () C00, () C04, () C10, () C20, () C32, () E04, () E10, () E20, and () E32 and (b) linear discriminant (LD) scores for Salmo trutta treatment groups (C, control; E, exercise) across experimental weeks (i.e., age 00 (control sample before treatment initiation) to 32 (32 weeks of treatment); n = 6 individuals per group). PC1 and PC3, derived from a between-group PC analysis of Procrustes superimposed landmarks corrected for the arching artefact (PC2). LD1 and LD2, derived from a LD analysis on the corrected principal component scores. Ellipses demarcate 95% confidence intervals; O, group centroids. N.B. The change of direction for head size on LD1 resulting from a negative association with PC1 (see Table 2)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10946254" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10946254/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">Figure 2</figureCitation>
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(b) and
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<tableCitation id="C6DA0371FFCB5151FDCFFF8F87C6EB1B" box="[588,661,1523,1543]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="6.[122,179,559,576]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,660,1060]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="TABLE 3 Cross-validated linear discriminant (LD) classification results for Salmo trutta control (C) and exercise (E) treatment groups across experimental weeks 00 (control sample before treatment initiation) to week 32 (32 weeks of treatment) derived from a LD analysis on principal component (PC) scores from a between-group PC analysis of Procrustes superimposed landmarks, corrected for the arching artefact (PC2)" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF276642FFC95153FFF9F8538022EF60" pageId="4" pageNumber="364" tableUuid="DF276642FFC95153FFF9F8538022EF60">Table 3</tableCitation>
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). Between-group Mahalanobis distances and permutated
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<emphasis id="B92CEAD8FFCB5151FDA7FC6A877CEB36" box="[548,559,1558,1578]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">T</emphasis>
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tests (
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Table S
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<quantity id="4CA09B2FFFCB5151FD39FC6A8788EB36" box="[698,731,1558,1578]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="4" pageNumber="364" unit="in" value="2.0">2 in</quantity>
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</tableCitation>
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File S1) confirmed a clear group separation along the age axis (weeks under treatment), associated with a decrease in head height/depth relative to lateral body depth (LD1, PC1;
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<figureCitation id="13632A4FFFCB5151FE79FCFC8719EB88" box="[506,586,1664,1684]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[122,188,1479,1496]" captionTargetBox="[309,1349,125,1457]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2 (a) Principal component (PC) () C00, () C04, () C10, () C20, () C32, () E04, () E10, () E20, and () E32 and (b) linear discriminant (LD) scores for Salmo trutta treatment groups (C, control; E, exercise) across experimental weeks (i.e., age 00 (control sample before treatment initiation) to 32 (32 weeks of treatment); n = 6 individuals per group). PC1 and PC3, derived from a between-group PC analysis of Procrustes superimposed landmarks corrected for the arching artefact (PC2). LD1 and LD2, derived from a LD analysis on the corrected principal component scores. Ellipses demarcate 95% confidence intervals; O, group centroids. N.B. The change of direction for head size on LD1 resulting from a negative association with PC1 (see Table 2)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10946254" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10946254/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">Figure 2</figureCitation>
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(b)). Although body depth appeared to be greater in the exercised as opposed to control groups towards the end of the experiment (LD2, PC3;
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<figureCitation id="13632A4FFFCB5151FDF3FCBB87EFEBC7" box="[624,700,1735,1755]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[122,188,1479,1496]" captionTargetBox="[309,1349,125,1457]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2 (a) Principal component (PC) () C00, () C04, () C10, () C20, () C32, () E04, () E10, () E20, and () E32 and (b) linear discriminant (LD) scores for Salmo trutta treatment groups (C, control; E, exercise) across experimental weeks (i.e., age 00 (control sample before treatment initiation) to 32 (32 weeks of treatment); n = 6 individuals per group). PC1 and PC3, derived from a between-group PC analysis of Procrustes superimposed landmarks corrected for the arching artefact (PC2). LD1 and LD2, derived from a LD analysis on the corrected principal component scores. Ellipses demarcate 95% confidence intervals; O, group centroids. N.B. The change of direction for head size on LD1 resulting from a negative association with PC1 (see Table 2)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10946254" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10946254/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">Figure 2</figureCitation>
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(b)), the difference between same-aged exercised and control groups was not statistically significant (
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<emphasis id="B92CEAD8FFCB5151FECCFD718409EA3D" box="[335,346,1805,1825]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">p</emphasis>
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> 0.05;
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<tableCitation id="C6DA0371FFCB5151FE2AFD7184AAEA3D" box="[425,505,1805,1825]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="6.[122,179,135,152]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,206,468]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="TABLE 2 Coefficients derived from a linear discriminants (LD) analysis on PC scores from a between-group PC analysis of Procrustes superimposed landmarks on Salmo trutta parr, corrected for the arching artefact (PC2)" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF276642FFC95153FFF9FAFB86DCEDAB" pageId="4" pageNumber="364" tableUuid="DF276642FFC95153FFF9FAFB86DCEDAB">
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Table S
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File S1).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE736CAFFCB5151FFF9FD258597EA84" blockId="4.[122,715,1881,1944]" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">
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<emphasis id="B92CEAD8FFCB5151FFF9FD2585CCEA6E" bold="true" box="[122,159,1881,1906]" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">3.2</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B92CEAD8FFCB5151FF53FD258597EA84" bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">Mass–length relationships and condition at length</emphasis>
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE736CAFFCB5151FFF9FDCF81AAEE31" blockId="4.[122,771,1971,2026]" lastBlockId="4.[818,1466,758,813]" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">
|
||
A comparison of log mass-log length relationships for the exercised
|
||
<emphasis id="B92CEAD8FFCB5151FD70FDCF8650EADB" box="[755,771,1971,1991]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">v.</emphasis>
|
||
control cohorts did not reveal a significant difference in the slopes (
|
||
<emphasis id="B92CEAD8FFCB5151FCB4FAFA8611ED86" box="[823,834,134,154]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">F</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17DC348FFFCB5151FCC1FAF38632ED80" attach="left" box="[834,865,143,156]" fontSize="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">1,43</subScript>
|
||
<emphasis id="B92CEAD8FFCB5151FCF1FAFA862DED86" box="[882,894,134,154]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">=</emphasis>
|
||
0.21;
|
||
<emphasis id="B92CEAD8FFCB5151FC4EFAFA868BED86" box="[973,984,134,154]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">p</emphasis>
|
||
> 0.05) or intercepts dependent on treatment (
|
||
<emphasis id="B92CEAD8FFCB5151FCB4FAD58611EDA1" box="[823,834,169,189]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">F</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17DC348FFFCB5151FCC1FACE8632EDA3" attach="left" box="[834,865,178,191]" fontSize="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">1,43</subScript>
|
||
= 0.65;
|
||
<emphasis id="B92CEAD8FFCB5151FC30FAD586EDEDA1" box="[947,958,169,189]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">p</emphasis>
|
||
> 0.05). Cohort-specific regressions of
|
||
<emphasis id="B92CEAD8FFCB5151FAB0FAD58016EDA1" box="[1331,1349,169,189]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">M</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B92CEAD8FFCB5151FAF4FAD580D2EDA1" box="[1399,1409,169,189]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">L</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17DC348FFFCB5151FA02FACE80D9EDA3" attach="left" box="[1409,1418,178,191]" fontSize="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">S</subScript>
|
||
with the C00 individuals (
|
||
<emphasis id="B92CEAD8FFCB5151FC78FAB1814AEDFD" box="[1019,1049,205,225]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">n =</emphasis>
|
||
6) as a common origin described a mass– length relationship in the form of
|
||
<emphasis id="B92CEAD8FFCB5151FBECFA8E81C6EC1A" box="[1135,1173,242,262]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">
|
||
M
|
||
<emphasis id="B92CEAD8FFCB5151FB06FA8F81C6EC1A" bold="true" box="[1157,1173,243,262]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">¼</emphasis>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
0:0143
|
||
<emphasis id="B92CEAD8FFCB5151FB58FA8E81B8EC17" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">
|
||
L
|
||
<superScript id="7C2D9B82FFCB5151FB66FA938047EDE1" attach="left" box="[1253,1300,239,253]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">3:0242</superScript>
|
||
for the exercised
|
||
<subScript id="17DC348FFFCB5151FB66FA8181B8EC17" attach="left" box="[1253,1259,253,267]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">s</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
cohort and
|
||
<emphasis id="B92CEAD8FFCB5151FC1EFB658691EC31" box="[925,962,281,301]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">
|
||
M
|
||
<emphasis id="B92CEAD8FFCB5151FC31FB668691EC31" bold="true" box="[946,962,282,301]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">¼</emphasis>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
0:0146
|
||
<emphasis id="B92CEAD8FFCB5151FB8AFB65814AEC2D" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">
|
||
L
|
||
<superScript id="7C2D9B82FFCB5151FB90FB6A8111EC38" attach="left" box="[1043,1090,278,292]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">3:0044</superScript>
|
||
for the control cohort (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13632A4FFFCB5151FA9DFB65803FEC31" box="[1310,1388,281,301]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[122,188,1650,1667]" captionTargetBox="[125,793,1129,1625]" captionTargetId="graphics-426@6.[186,769,1150,1550]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3 Mass–standard length (M–LS) relationships (MLR) determined for exercised () and control () Salmo trutta cohorts over 0–32 weeks from treatment initiation. Each cohort included LS00 individuals (n = 6) as a common origin" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10928748" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10928748/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<subScript id="17DC348FFFCB5151FB90FB5F814AEC2D" attach="left" box="[1043,1049,291,305]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">Theres</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
fore, exercised individuals were slightly (albeit not significantly) heavier for their length as they grew larger (stronger positive deviation of
|
||
<emphasis id="B92CEAD8FFCB5151FCFEFBFF86DBEC8B" box="[893,904,387,407]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">b</emphasis>
|
||
from the cubic 3) than control individuals. Consequently, condition-at-length,
|
||
<emphasis id="B92CEAD8FFCB5151FC77FBD68152ECA2" box="[1012,1025,426,446]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">K</emphasis>
|
||
, derived from the regression parameters for each cohort, differed across weeks (i.e., age;
|
||
<emphasis id="B92CEAD8FFCB5151FB67FBB281BCECFE" box="[1252,1263,462,482]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">F</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17DC348FFFCB5151FB6CFBAA805DECFF" attach="left" box="[1263,1294,470,483]" fontSize="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">3,39</subScript>
|
||
<emphasis id="B92CEAD8FFCB5151FA94FBB28070ECFE" box="[1303,1315,462,482]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">=</emphasis>
|
||
194.038, d.f. = 3,
|
||
<emphasis id="B92CEAD8FFCB5151FCCBFB8D8600EF19" box="[840,851,497,517]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">p</emphasis>
|
||
<0.001) as well as treatments (
|
||
<emphasis id="B92CEAD8FFCB5151FBFEFB8D81DBEF19" box="[1149,1160,497,517]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">F</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17DC348FFFCB5151FB0BFB8681F4EF1B" attach="left" box="[1160,1191,506,519]" fontSize="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">1,39</subScript>
|
||
<emphasis id="B92CEAD8FFCB5151FB2EFB8D81EAEF19" box="[1197,1209,497,517]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">=</emphasis>
|
||
864.99, d.f. = 1,
|
||
<emphasis id="B92CEAD8FFCB5151FADAFB8D8037EF19" box="[1369,1380,497,517]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">p</emphasis>
|
||
<0.001) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13632A4FFFCB5151FCB4F86486D4EF30" box="[823,903,536,556]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[818,884,1669,1686]" captionTargetBox="[808,1466,1122,1642]" captionTargetId="graphics-555@6.[896,1465,1150,1576]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4 Box plots showing median (), 25th–75th percentiles () and range () of Salmo trutta condition at length (KÞ for exercised () and control () Salmo trutta cohorts across the experimental period (i.e., age) weeks 4–32 after treatment initiation (n = 6 per group). *, significant differences of pairwise least-squares means between exercised and control cohorts; different lower-case letters (black, exercise; grey, control) denote significant differences of pairwise least-squares means within treatments across the experimental period" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10946256" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10946256/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">Figure 4</figureCitation>
|
||
). In addition, the pattern of variation in
|
||
<emphasis id="B92CEAD8FFCB5151FA81F864805CEF30" box="[1282,1295,536,556]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">K</emphasis>
|
||
across weeks differed between treatments as indicated by the statistically significant interaction term (
|
||
<emphasis id="B92CEAD8FFCB5151FC65F82286A2EF6E" box="[998,1009,606,626]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">F</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17DC348FFFCB5151FC72F81B8143EF68" attach="left" box="[1009,1040,615,628]" fontSize="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">3,39</subScript>
|
||
= 85.803, d.f. = 3,
|
||
<emphasis id="B92CEAD8FFCB5151FB5AF82281B7EF6E" box="[1241,1252,606,626]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">p</emphasis>
|
||
<0.001). Specifically,
|
||
<emphasis id="B92CEAD8FFCB5151FCB1F8F9866CEF85" box="[818,831,645,665]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">K</emphasis>
|
||
was higher in exercised compared with control groups over the whole experimental period. Within treatments,
|
||
<emphasis id="B92CEAD8FFCB5151FAB9F8D08014EFDC" box="[1338,1351,684,704]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">K</emphasis>
|
||
consistently increased for exercised individuals over the experimental period, while for control individuals,
|
||
<emphasis id="B92CEAD8FFCB5151FB87F88A8142EE16" box="[1028,1041,758,778]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">K</emphasis>
|
||
only increased from week 4 to week 20, week 4 to week 32 and week 10 to week 32 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13632A4FFFCB5151FB23F96581BCEE31" box="[1184,1263,793,813]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[818,884,1669,1686]" captionTargetBox="[808,1466,1122,1642]" captionTargetId="graphics-555@6.[896,1465,1150,1576]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4 Box plots showing median (), 25th–75th percentiles () and range () of Salmo trutta condition at length (KÞ for exercised () and control () Salmo trutta cohorts across the experimental period (i.e., age) weeks 4–32 after treatment initiation (n = 6 per group). *, significant differences of pairwise least-squares means between exercised and control cohorts; different lower-case letters (black, exercise; grey, control) denote significant differences of pairwise least-squares means within treatments across the experimental period" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10946256" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10946256/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">Figure 4</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE736CAFFCB5151FCB1F9198166EE62" blockId="4.[818,1077,869,894]" box="[818,1077,869,894]" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">
|
||
<heading id="D0AF81A6FFCB5151FCB1F9198166EE62" box="[818,1077,869,894]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="364" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92CEAD8FFCB5151FCB1F9198604EE62" bold="true" box="[818,855,869,894]" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">3.3</emphasis>
|
||
|
|
||
<emphasis id="B92CEAD8FFCB5151FC0BF9198166EE62" bold="true" box="[904,1077,869,894]" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">Caudal-fin size</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE736CAFFCB5151FCB1F9E58023E9B9" blockId="4.[818,1467,917,1189]" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92CEAD8FFCB5151FCB1F9E5866CEEB1" box="[818,831,921,941]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">A</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17DC348FFFCB5151FCBCF9DE8601EEB3" attach="left" box="[831,850,930,943]" fontSize="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">CF</subScript>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis id="B92CEAD8FFCB5151FCD4F9E58632EEB1" box="[855,865,921,941]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">L</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17DC348FFFCB5151FCE2F9DE8639EEB3" attach="left" box="[865,874,930,943]" fontSize="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">S</subScript>
|
||
<superScript id="7C2D9B82FFCB5151FCEAF9E98621EEBE" attach="none" box="[873,882,917,930]" fontSize="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">2</superScript>
|
||
did not differ between treatments at 20 weeks (mean S.E.; exercised =
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6C500DFFCB5151FC22F9C18685EECD" box="[929,982,957,977]" degrees="0.029" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="364" precision="55" value="0.029">0.029</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6C500DFFCB5151FC77F9C18178EECD" box="[1012,1067,957,977]" degrees="0.002" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="364" precision="55" value="0.002">0.002</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, control =
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6C500DFFCB5151FB19F9C1819CEECD" box="[1178,1231,957,977]" degrees="0.028" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="364" precision="55" value="0.028">0.028</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6C500DFFCB5151FB6EF9C18076EECD" box="[1261,1317,957,977]" degrees="0.002" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="364" precision="55" value="0.002">0.002</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="B92CEAD8FFCB5151FAB8F9C18010EECD" box="[1339,1347,957,977]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">t</emphasis>
|
||
= 0.291, d. f. = 9.36,
|
||
<emphasis id="B92CEAD8FFCB5151FC0CF99C86C9EEE8" box="[911,922,992,1012]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">p</emphasis>
|
||
> 0.05) or at 32 weeks (exercised =
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6C500DFFCB5151FB78F99C8063EEE8" box="[1275,1328,992,1012]" degrees="0.024" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="364" precision="55" value="0.024">0.024</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6C500DFFCB5151FACDF99C80D6EEE8" box="[1358,1413,992,1012]" degrees="0.001" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="364" precision="55" value="0.001">0.001</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, control =
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6C500DFFCB5151FCE8FE7F86F3E90B" box="[875,928,1027,1047]" degrees="0.024" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="364" precision="55" value="0.024">0.024</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6C500DFFCB5151FC3DFE7F86A6E90B" box="[958,1013,1027,1047]" degrees="0.001" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="364" precision="55" value="0.001">0.001</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="B92CEAD8FFCB5151FC7EFE7F8156E90B" box="[1021,1029,1027,1047]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">t</emphasis>
|
||
= −0.147, d.f. = 8,
|
||
<emphasis id="B92CEAD8FFCB5151FB36FE7F8193E90B" box="[1205,1216,1027,1047]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">p</emphasis>
|
||
> 0.05) after treatment initiation. However, overall and irrespective of treatment,
|
||
<emphasis id="B92CEAD8FFCB5151FABDFE5B8018E927" box="[1342,1355,1063,1083]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">A</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17DC348FFFCB5151FAC8FE53800DE920" attach="left" box="[1355,1374,1071,1084]" fontSize="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">CF</subScript>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis id="B92CEAD8FFCB5151FAE0FE5B803EE927" box="[1379,1389,1063,1083]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">L</emphasis>
|
||
<subScript id="17DC348FFFCB5151FAEEFE538025E920" attach="left" box="[1389,1398,1071,1084]" fontSize="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">S</subScript>
|
||
<superScript id="7C2D9B82FFCB5151FAF6FE5E802DE933" attach="none" box="[1397,1406,1058,1071]" fontSize="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">2</superScript>
|
||
ratios were significantly higher after 32 weeks compared with 20 weeks (Figure 5) since treatment initiation (20 weeks =
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6C500DFFCB5151FAADFE118030E99D" box="[1326,1379,1133,1153]" degrees="0.028" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="364" precision="55" value="0.028">0.028</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6C500DFFCB5151FA02FE1180EBE99D" box="[1409,1464,1133,1153]" degrees="0.001" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="364" precision="55" value="0.001">0.001</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 32 weeks =
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6C500DFFCB5151FC27FEED868AE9B9" box="[932,985,1169,1189]" degrees="0.024" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="364" precision="55" value="0.024">0.024</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE6C500DFFCB5151FC74FEED817DE9B9" box="[1015,1070,1169,1189]" degrees="0.001" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="364" precision="55" value="0.001">0.001</geoCoordinate>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="B92CEAD8FFCB5151FBB5FEED816DE9B9" box="[1078,1086,1169,1189]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">t</emphasis>
|
||
= 2.999, d.f. = 14.778,
|
||
<emphasis id="B92CEAD8FFCB5151FA95FEED8072E9B9" box="[1302,1313,1169,1189]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="364">p</emphasis>
|
||
<0.01).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |