153 lines
12 KiB
XML
153 lines
12 KiB
XML
<document ID-ISSN="2305-2562" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1683578716117" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Wesolowska, Wanda & Haddad, Charles R." docDate="2009" docId="03F1803AFF8BFFF17550086ECE8330F0" docLanguage="en" docName="AfrInvertebr.50.1.13-103.pdf" docOrigin="African Invertebrates 50 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:B78C63EC8CEBBB75364A82B35BB1F83D.3:AfrInvertebr.2008-2015.journal_article.0cover" docStyleId="B78C63EC8CEBBB75364A82B35BB1F83D" docStyleName="AfrInvertebr.2008-2015.journal_article.0cover" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Kima variabilis : Peckham & Peckham 1903" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="53" masterDocId="FFC8F842FFA3FFD97429091ACF5B3324" masterDocTitle="Jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae) of the Ndumo Game Reserve, Maputaland, South Africa" masterLastPageNumber="103" masterPageNumber="13" pageNumber="53" updateTime="1683599684000" updateUser="felipe" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae) of the Ndumo Game Reserve, Maputaland, South Africa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Wesolowska, Wanda</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Haddad, Charles R.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>African Invertebrates</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2009</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2009-06-30</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>50</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>1</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>13</mods:start>
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<mods:end>103</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">2305-2562</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F1803AFF8BFFF17550086ECE8330F0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F1803AFF8BFFF17550086ECE8330F0" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="40" pageNumber="53">
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<subSubSection box="[377,870,371,396]" pageId="40" pageNumber="53" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="40.[144,1104,371,980]" box="[377,870,371,396]" pageId="40" pageNumber="53">
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<heading box="[377,870,371,396]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="40" pageNumber="53" reason="3">
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<taxonomicName ID-CoL="3R7P8" ID-ENA="2911564" authority="Peckham & Peckham, 1903" authorityName=": Peckham & Peckham" authorityYear="1903" box="[377,870,371,396]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Kima" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="40" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variabilis">
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<emphasis box="[377,552,372,396]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="53">Kima variabilis</emphasis>
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Peckham & Peckham, 1903
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection box="[577,670,411,436]" pageId="40" pageNumber="53" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="40.[144,1104,371,980]" box="[577,670,411,436]" pageId="40" pageNumber="53">
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<figureCitation box="[577,670,411,436]" captionStart="Figs 246–251" captionStartId="86.[144,183,1233,1253]" captionTargetBox="[144,1104,203,1208]" captionTargetId="figure-184@86.[144,1104,203,1208]" captionTargetPageId="86" captionText="Figs 246–251. Spiders from Ndumo Game Reserve in their natural habitats: (246) Kima variabilis, male; (247) Mexcala elegans, female; (248) Portia schultzi, female; (249) Stenaelurillus natalensis, male; (250) Thyene coccineovittata, female; (251) Thyene ogdeni, female." pageId="40" pageNumber="53">Fig. 246</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="40" pageNumber="53" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph blockId="40.[144,1104,371,980]" box="[144,1104,450,470]" pageId="40" pageNumber="53">
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<treatmentCitationGroup box="[144,1104,450,470]" pageId="40" pageNumber="53">
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<taxonomicName ID-CoL="3R7P8" authority=": Peckham & Peckham 1903: 253" authorityName=": Peckham & Peckham" authorityPageNumber="253" authorityYear="1903" box="[144,592,450,470]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Kima" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="40" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variabilis">
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<emphasis box="[144,285,450,470]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="53">Kima variabilis</emphasis>
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: Peckham & Peckham 1903: 253
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</taxonomicName>
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, pl. 29, fig. 4;
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<treatmentCitation author="WESOLOWSKA, W. & SZEREMETA, M." box="[724,1060,450,470]" page="227" pageId="40" pageNumber="53" year="2001">
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<bibRefCitation author="WESOLOWSKA, W. & SZEREMETA, M." box="[724,1060,450,470]" pageId="40" pageNumber="53" pagination="217 - 240" refId="ref42653" refString="WESOLOWSKA, W. & SZEREMETA, M. 2001. A revision of the ant-like salticid genera Enoplomischus Giltay, 1931, Kima Peckham et Peckham, 1902 and Leptorchestes Thorell, 1870 (Araneae: Salticidae). Insect Systematics & Evolution 32: 217 - 240." type="journal article" year="2001">Wesolowska & Szeremeta 2001: 227</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, figs
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="40.[144,1104,371,980]" box="[240,305,474,494]" pageId="40" pageNumber="53">39–44.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="40" pageNumber="53" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="40.[144,1104,371,980]" pageId="40" pageNumber="53">
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See
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<bibRefCitation author="WESOLOWSKA, W. & SZEREMETA, M." box="[216,586,507,532]" pageId="40" pageNumber="53" pagination="217 - 240" refId="ref42653" refString="WESOLOWSKA, W. & SZEREMETA, M. 2001. A revision of the ant-like salticid genera Enoplomischus Giltay, 1931, Kima Peckham et Peckham, 1902 and Leptorchestes Thorell, 1870 (Araneae: Salticidae). Insect Systematics & Evolution 32: 217 - 240." type="journal article" year="2001">Wesolowska & Szeremeta (2001)</bibRefCitation>
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for description of male. General appearance of male in
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<figureCitation box="[234,330,539,564]" captionStart="Figs 246–251" captionStartId="86.[144,183,1233,1253]" captionTargetBox="[144,1104,203,1208]" captionTargetId="figure-184@86.[144,1104,203,1208]" captionTargetPageId="86" captionText="Figs 246–251. Spiders from Ndumo Game Reserve in their natural habitats: (246) Kima variabilis, male; (247) Mexcala elegans, female; (248) Portia schultzi, female; (249) Stenaelurillus natalensis, male; (250) Thyene coccineovittata, female; (251) Thyene ogdeni, female." pageId="40" pageNumber="53">Fig. 246</figureCitation>
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. Female unknown.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="40.[144,1104,371,980]" pageId="40" pageNumber="53">
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2006-01-18" collectingDateMax="2007-01-12" collectingDateMin="2006-01-18" collectionCode="NCA" latitude="-26.865133" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.240967" pageId="40" pageNumber="53" specimenCode="NCA 2007, NCA 2008" specimenCount="1">
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Material examined: 1ơ Crocodile Farm,
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<geoCoordinate box="[520,633,575,598]" degrees="26" direction="south" minutes="54.426" orientation="latitude" pageId="40" pageNumber="53" precision="1" value="-26.9071">
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26
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<emphasis box="[542,551,575,598]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="53">°</emphasis>
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54.426'S
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</geoCoordinate>
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:
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<geoCoordinate box="[636,751,575,598]" degrees="32" direction="east" minutes="19.185" orientation="longitude" pageId="40" pageNumber="53" precision="1" value="32.31975">
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32
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<emphasis box="[659,668,575,598]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="53">°</emphasis>
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19.185'E
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</geoCoordinate>
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, broadleaf woodland, under tree bark,
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<date box="[144,228,602,622]" pageId="40" pageNumber="53" value="2007-01-12">
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<collectingDate box="[144,228,602,622]" pageId="40" pageNumber="53" value="2007-01-12">12.i.2007</collectingDate>
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</date>
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(
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<specimenCode box="[238,337,602,622]" collectionCode="NCA" pageId="40" pageNumber="53">NCA 2007</specimenCode>
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/3074); 1ơ
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<geoCoordinate box="[433,545,599,622]" degrees="26" direction="south" minutes="51.908" orientation="latitude" pageId="40" pageNumber="53" precision="1" value="-26.865133">
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26
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<emphasis box="[456,465,599,622]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="53">°</emphasis>
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51.908'S
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</geoCoordinate>
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:
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<geoCoordinate box="[548,662,599,622]" degrees="32" direction="east" minutes="14.458" orientation="longitude" pageId="40" pageNumber="53" precision="1" value="32.240967">
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32
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<emphasis box="[571,580,599,622]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="53">°</emphasis>
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14.458'E
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</geoCoordinate>
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, subtropical bush, Mahemane thicket, low foliage,
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<date box="[144,229,626,646]" pageId="40" pageNumber="53" value="2006-01-18">
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<collectingDate box="[144,229,626,646]" pageId="40" pageNumber="53" value="2006-01-18">18.i.2006</collectingDate>
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</date>
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(
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<specimenCode box="[240,342,626,646]" collectionCode="NCA" pageId="40" pageNumber="53">NCA 2008</specimenCode>
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/2740)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="40.[144,1104,371,980]" box="[144,736,659,684]" pageId="40" pageNumber="53">
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Distribution: Species known from
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<collectingCountry box="[531,674,659,684]" name="South Africa" pageId="40" pageNumber="53">South Africa</collectingCountry>
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only.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="40.[144,1104,371,980]" pageId="40" pageNumber="53">
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Habitat and biology: This large species is a distinctive mimic of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1858" box="[886,1103,700,724]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrachis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gagates">
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<emphasis box="[886,1103,700,724]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="53">Polyrachis gagates</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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ants, which were common and widespread in floodplain and savannah habitats in the reserve. Despite this,
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<taxonomicName authorityName=": Peckham & Peckham" authorityYear="1903" box="[386,526,764,788]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Kima" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="40" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variabilis">
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<emphasis box="[386,526,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="53">K. variabilis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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was rarely collected. This species generally moved slowly when disturbed, and rarely moved its legs up and down to imitate the antennal movements of ants, behaviour that is usually encountered in other salticid ant mimics (
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<bibRefCitation author="CUSHING, P. E." box="[151,311,859,884]" pageId="40" pageNumber="53" pagination="165 - 193" refId="ref39638" refString="CUSHING, P. E. 1997. Myrmecomorphy and myrmecophily in spiders: a review. Florida Entomologist 80: 165 - 193." type="journal article" year="1997">Cushing 1997</bibRefCitation>
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). Morphological adaptations to resemble
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1858" box="[765,877,860,884]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Polyrachis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gagates">
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<emphasis box="[765,877,860,884]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="53">P. gagates</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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include the elongate carapace with a median depression, the globose abdomen, long legs, and the iridescent silver-grey setae that cover the entire body. It is not known whether
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<taxonomicName authorityName=": Peckham & Peckham" authorityYear="1903" box="[897,1036,924,948]" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Kima" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="40" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variabilis">
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<emphasis box="[897,1036,924,948]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="53">K. variabilis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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preys on its model or on other ants.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |