treatments-xml/data/03/B4/B3/03B4B378FFB7FFDEFF68273DFDE50131.xml
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<mods:title id="1533DDDECF1029A1FABE417DD495D32F">New records of biting midges of the genus Culicoides Latreille from the southeastern United States (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)</mods:title>
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; in review of the
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(
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(in
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(in
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(
<collectingRegion id="49D9CC8CFFB7FFDDFF50243EFE850551" box="[248,339,1538,1562]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Florida</collectingRegion>
records);
<materialsCitation id="3B750833FFB7FFDDFE64243EFB0B0551" box="[460,1245,1538,1562]" location="Nearctic" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" specimenCount="1">
<treatmentCitation id="0ABC247FFFB7FFDDFE64243EFCEE0551" author="Borkent, A. &amp; W. L. Grogan, Jr." box="[460,824,1538,1562]" page="12" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" year="2009">
<bibRefCitation id="EF8C7F9FFFB7FFDDFE64243EFCEE0551" author="Borkent, A. &amp; W. L. Grogan, Jr." box="[460,824,1538,1562]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" pagination="1 - 48" refId="ref9637" refString="Borkent, A., and W. L. Grogan, Jr. 2009. Catalog of the New World biting midges north of Mexico (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Zootaxa 2273: 1 - 48." type="journal article" year="2009">Borkent and Grogan 2009: 12</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(in
<location id="8EC254B5FFB7FFDDFCC0243EFC060551" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B4B378FFB7FFDEFF68273DFDE50131:8EC254B5FFB7FFDDFCC0243EFC060551" box="[872,976,1538,1562]" name="Nearctic" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Nearctic</location>
catalog; distribution)
</materialsCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C30751E5FFB7FFDEFF68247DFDE50131" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BA2026EFFB7FFDEFF68247DFD170231" blockId="5.[192,1440,1601,1914]" lastBlockId="6.[192,1440,194,378]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="B969DE7CFFB7FFDDFF68247DFE8B0512" bold="true" box="[192,349,1601,1625]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Discussion.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C1D79EDFFB7FFDDFECF247EFD850511" authorityName=": Wirth" authorityYear="1965" box="[359,595,1602,1626]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Culicoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alachua">
<emphasis id="B969DE7CFFB7FFDDFECF247EFD850511" box="[359,595,1602,1626]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Culicoides alachua</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is in the subgenus
<taxonomicName id="4C1D79EDFFB7FFDDFCE6247EFC620512" box="[846,948,1602,1625]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Culicoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Avaritia">
<emphasis id="B969DE7CFFB7FFDDFCE6247EFC620512" box="[846,948,1602,1625]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Avaritia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which contains several vector species:
<taxonomicName id="4C1D79EDFFB7FFDDFF68245EFE760531" authority="Kieffer" authorityName="Kieffer" box="[192,416,1634,1658]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Culicoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="imicola">
<emphasis id="B969DE7CFFB7FFDDFF68245EFEE80531" box="[192,318,1634,1658]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">C. imicola</emphasis>
Kieffer
</taxonomicName>
, a vector of BTV in Africa and Southern Europe,
<taxonomicName id="4C1D79EDFFB7FFDDFBA2245EFAC40531" authority="Kieffer" authorityName="Kieffer" authorityYear="1917" box="[1034,1298,1634,1658]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Culicoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevitarsis">
<emphasis id="B969DE7CFFB7FFDDFBA2245EFB660531" box="[1034,1200,1634,1658]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">C. brevitarsis</emphasis>
Kieffer
</taxonomicName>
, a vector of BTV and EHDV in
<collectingCountry id="F30A42FEFFB7FFDDFE0324BEFDF405D1" box="[427,546,1666,1690]" name="Australia" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Australia</collectingCountry>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C1D79EDFFB7FFDDFD8624BEFD2205D2" authority="Lutz" authorityName="Lutz" authorityYear="1913" box="[558,756,1666,1690]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Culicoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pusillus">
<emphasis id="B969DE7CFFB7FFDDFD8624BEFD6705D1" box="[558,689,1666,1690]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">C. pusillus</emphasis>
Lutz
</taxonomicName>
, a BTV vector in the Neotropics, and
<taxonomicName id="4C1D79EDFFB7FFDDFB1224BEFA9D05D1" baseAuthorityName="Meigen" baseAuthorityYear="1818" box="[1210,1355,1666,1690]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Culicoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obsoletus">
<emphasis id="B969DE7CFFB7FFDDFB1224BEFA9D05D1" box="[1210,1355,1666,1690]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">C. obsoletus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, a possible BTV vector in Europe (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8C7F9FFFB7FFDDFD89249EFD1A05F1" author="Borkent, A." box="[545,716,1698,1722]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" pagination="113 - 126" refId="ref9542" refString="Borkent, A. 2004. Ceratopogonidae. Chapter 10. p. 113 - 126. In: W. C. Marquardt (ed.). Biology of Disease Vectors. 2 nd edition. Elsevier Press; Amsterdam. 785 p." type="book chapter" year="2004">Borkent 2004</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF8C7F9FFFB7FFDDFD71249EFC6F05F1" author="Mellor, P. &amp; W. Tabachnick &amp; T. Baldet &amp; M. Baylis &amp; G. Bellis &amp; P. Calistri &amp; J. C. Delecolle &amp; M. Goffredo &amp; R. Meiswinkel &amp; B. Mullens &amp; P. Scaramozzino &amp; A. Torina &amp; G. Venter &amp; D. White" box="[729,953,1698,1722]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" pagination="715 - 717" refId="ref11804" refString="Mellor, P., W. Tabachnick, T. Baldet, M. Baylis, G. Bellis, P. Calistri, J. C. Delecolle, M. Goffredo, R. Meiswinkel, B. Mullens, P. Scaramozzino, A. Torina, G. Venter, and D. White. 2004. Conclusions of Working Group 2 - Vectors. Veterinaria Italiana 40: 715 - 717." type="journal article" year="2004">Mellor et al. 2004</bibRefCitation>
). Apparently,
<taxonomicName id="4C1D79EDFFB7FFDDFBC0249EFB3805F1" authorityName=": Wirth" authorityYear="1965" box="[1128,1262,1698,1722]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Culicoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alachua">
<emphasis id="B969DE7CFFB7FFDDFBC0249EFBAD05F2" box="[1128,1147,1698,1721]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">C</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B969DE7CFFB7FFDDFB23249EFB3805F1" box="[1163,1262,1698,1722]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">alachua</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is primarily a mammalophilic species that is known to feed on livestock (
<bibRefCitation id="EF8C7F9FFFB7FFDDFC2224FEFB550592" author="Kramer, W. L. &amp; E. C. Greiner &amp; E. P. J. Gibbs" box="[906,1155,1729,1754]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" pagination="153 - 162" refId="ref11416" refString="Kramer, W. L., E. C. Greiner, and E. P. J. Gibbs. 1985 a. A survey of Culicoides midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) associated with cattle operations in Florida, USA. Journal of Medical Entomology 22: 153 - 162." type="journal article" year="1985">Kramer et al. 1985a</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF8C7F9FFFB7FFDDFB2624FEFAAE0591" author="Greiner, E. C. &amp; V. A. Fadok &amp; E. B. Rabin" box="[1166,1400,1730,1754]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" pagination="375 - 381" refId="ref10679" refString="Greiner, E. C., V. A. Fadok, and E. B. Rabin. 1990. Equine Culicoides hypersensitivity in Florida: biting midges aspirated from horses. Medical and Veterinary Entomology 4: 375 - 381." type="journal article" year="1990">Greiner et al. 1990</bibRefCitation>
). It was originally described by
<bibRefCitation id="EF8C7F9FFFB7FFDDFDBD24DEFCBB05B2" author="Jamnback, H. &amp; W. W. Wirth" box="[533,877,1761,1786]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" pagination="185 - 198" refId="ref11126" refString="Jamnback, H., and W. W. Wirth. 1963. The Species of Culicoides related to obsoletus in eastern North America (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America 56: 185 - 198." type="journal article" year="1963">Jamnback and Wirth (1963)</bibRefCitation>
from specimens that were considered to be
<taxonomicName id="4C1D79EDFFB7FFDDFA2D24DEFEE60451" baseAuthorityName="Meigen" baseAuthorityYear="1818" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Culicoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obsoletus">
<emphasis id="B969DE7CFFB7FFDDFA2D24DEFEE60451" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">C. obsoletus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF8C7F9FFFB7FFDDFE96253EFE160452" author="Beck, E. C." box="[318,448,1793,1818]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" pagination="101 - 107" refId="ref9298" refString="Beck, E. C. 1952. Notes on the distribution of Culicoides in Florida (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Florida Entomologist 35: 101 - 107." type="journal article" year="1952">Beck 1952</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EF8C7F9FFFB7FFDDFE63253DFDDF0452" author="Beck, E. C." box="[459,521,1793,1817]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" pagination="133 - 138" refId="ref9328" refString="Beck, E. C. 1956. A new species of Culicoides from Florida with additional distribution data for the genus (Diptera: Heleidae). Florida Entomologist 39: 133 - 138." type="journal article" year="1956">1956</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EF8C7F9FFFB7FFDDFDBC253DFD860452" author="Beck, E. C." box="[532,592,1793,1817]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" pagination="103 - 105" refId="ref9364" refString="Beck, E. C. 1957. Two new species of Culicoides from Florida (Diptera: Heleidae). Florida Entomologist 40: 103 - 105." type="journal article" year="1957">1957</bibRefCitation>
) collected from the interior counties of Alachua, Highlands, Lake and Marion in north-central Florida.
<bibRefCitation id="EF8C7F9FFFB7FFDDFDFC251EFC460471" author="Blanton, F. S. &amp; W. W. Wirth" box="[596,912,1826,1850]" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" pagination="1 - 204" refId="ref9499" refString="Blanton, F. S., and W. W. Wirth. 1979. The sand flies (Culicoides) of Florida (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Arthropods of Florida and Neighboring Land Areas 10: 1 - 204." type="journal article" year="1979">Blanton and Wirth (1979)</bibRefCitation>
also reported this species from the eastern portion of the Florida panhandle in Jefferson and Liberty counties and in South Carolina.
<bibRefCitation id="EF8C7F9FFFB7FFDDFAB0257EFE8B0432" author="Hagan, D. V. &amp; W. W. Wirth" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" pagination="207 - 211" refId="ref10902" refString="Hagan, D. V., and W. W. Wirth. 1985. New distribution records of Culicoides species from coastal Georgia. Journal of Agricultural Entomology 2: 207 - 211." type="journal article" year="1985">Hagan and Wirth (1985)</bibRefCitation>
surveyed coastal Georgia for
<taxonomicName id="4C1D79EDFFB7FFDDFD62255EFC9F0431" baseAuthorityName="Blackwell" baseAuthorityYear="2004" box="[714,841,1890,1914]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Culicoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B969DE7CFFB7FFDDFD62255EFC9F0431" box="[714,841,1890,1914]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">Culicoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but did not collect any specimens of
<taxonomicName id="4C1D79EDFFB7FFDDFABB255EFA4E0431" authorityName=": Wirth" authorityYear="1965" box="[1299,1432,1890,1914]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Culicoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alachua">
<emphasis id="B969DE7CFFB7FFDDFABB255EFA4E0431" box="[1299,1432,1890,1914]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="4">C. alachua</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, however, they suggested that it was “…reasonably expected to occur in Georgia”. Subsequently,
<bibRefCitation id="EF8C7F9FFFB4FFDEFAEF22FEFE8403B1" author="Brickle, D. S. &amp; S. McKeever &amp; D. V. Hagan" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" pagination="41 - 61" refId="ref9846" refString="Brickle, D. S., S. McKeever, and D. V. Hagan. 2008. Bionomics of bloodsucking midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae: Culicoides) on the coastal plain of Georgia, USA. Russian Entomological Journal 17: 41 - 61." type="journal article" year="2008">Brickle et al. (2008)</bibRefCitation>
reported on the first record of this species from Georgia, a female collected in a hardwood forest in Bulloch County on the southeastern Coastal Plain. We provide the first records of
<taxonomicName id="4C1D79EDFFB4FFDEFAB3233EFA760251" authorityName=": Wirth" authorityYear="1965" box="[1307,1440,258,282]" class="Insecta" family="Ceratopogonidae" genus="Culicoides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alachua">
<emphasis id="B969DE7CFFB4FFDEFAB3233EFA760251" box="[1307,1440,258,282]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">C. alachua</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Alabama. We also include a new Florida county record for St. Lucie County, on the southeastern coast of that state as well as the second record from Georgia in Ware County from a site adjacent to the Okefenokee National Wildlife Refuge.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA2026EFFB4FFDEFF68239EFEAD02B1" blockId="6.[192,1440,417,506]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">
<emphasis id="B969DE7CFFB4FFDEFF68239EFE0602F1" bold="true" box="[192,464,417,442]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">New State Records.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B750833FFB4FFDEFE71239EFDC10291" collectingDate="2008-07-08" county="Lowndes Co." location="Lowndes County Wildlife Management Area" municipality="White Hall" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" stateProvince="Alabama">
<collectingRegion id="49D9CC8CFFB4FFDEFE71239EFDBE02F1" box="[473,616,418,442]" country="United States of America" name="Alabama" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">ALABAMA</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="62C37AE2FFB4FFDEFDDC239EFCC202F1" box="[628,788,418,442]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">Lowndes Co.</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BC69814FFB4FFDEFC8A239EFC7B02F1" box="[802,941,418,442]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">White Hall</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8EC254B5FFB4FFDEFC13239EFF280291" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B4B378FFB7FFDEFF68273DFDE50131:8EC254B5FFB4FFDEFC13239EFF280291" county="Lowndes Co." municipality="White Hall" name="Lowndes County Wildlife Management Area" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" stateProvince="Alabama">Lowndes County Wildlife Management Area</location>
,
<date id="FFA324AEFFB4FFDEFEA023FEFE400291" box="[264,406,450,474]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" value="2008-07-08">
<collectingDate id="EFE7DD46FFB4FFDEFEA023FEFE400291" box="[264,406,450,474]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" value="2008-07-08">8 July 2008</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<specimenCount id="9D1BC9E7FFB4FFDEFE0923FEFDC10291" box="[417,535,450,474]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B750833FFB4FFDEFD8923FEFBC00291" box="[545,1046,449,474]" collectingDate="2008-08-16" county="Lowndes Co." location="Lowndes County Wildlife Management Area" municipality="White Hall" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Alabama">
same data except
<date id="FFA324AEFFB4FFDEFD5023FDFC6E0291" box="[760,952,449,474]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" value="2008-08-16">
<collectingDate id="EFE7DD46FFB4FFDEFD5023FDFC6E0291" box="[760,952,449,474]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" value="2008-08-16">16 August 2008</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<specimenCount id="9D1BC9E7FFB4FFDEFC6B23FEFBC00291" box="[963,1046,450,474]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B750833FFB4FFDEFB8923FEFEA002B1" collectingDate="2011-09-14" county="Lowndes Co." location="Lowndes County Wildlife Management Area" municipality="White Hall" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Alabama">
same data except
<date id="FFA324AEFFB4FFDEFB5023FEFF2802B1" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" value="2011-09-14">
<collectingDate id="EFE7DD46FFB4FFDEFB5023FEFF2802B1" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" value="2011-09-14">14 September 2011</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<specimenCount id="9D1BC9E7FFB4FFDEFEA223DEFEA002B1" box="[266,374,482,506]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA2026EFFB4FFDEFF68201EFDE50131" blockId="6.[192,1440,545,634]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">
<emphasis id="B969DE7CFFB4FFDEFF68201EFD2B0171" bold="true" box="[192,765,545,570]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">New Florida and Georgia County Records.</emphasis>
FLORIDA, St. Lucie Co., Fort Pierce, Teague Hammock Preserve,
<date id="FFA324AEFFB4FFDEFE91207EFE070111" box="[313,465,578,602]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" value="2011-04-04">4 April 2011</date>
,
<specimenCount id="9D1BC9E7FFB4FFDEFE74207EFDE70111" box="[476,561,578,602]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
.
<collectingCountry id="F30A42FEFFB4FFDEFD92207EFD160111" box="[570,704,578,602]" name="Georgia" pageId="6" pageNumber="5">GEORGIA</collectingCountry>
, Ware Co., Waycross, Dixon Memorial Wildlife Management Area,
<date id="FFA324AEFFB4FFDEFEA2205EFE7C0131" box="[266,426,610,634]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" value="2010-07-14">14 July 2010</date>
,
<specimenCount id="9D1BC9E7FFB4FFDEFE1F205EFDE60131" box="[439,560,610,634]" pageId="6" pageNumber="5" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>