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<document id="A172C276AAFE3FB98AD85ADDE9DDDD44" ID-CLB-Dataset="27764" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4532.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b3fb460f-20b4-4c62-98ea-a07d901bbfc0" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="2614967" ID-ZooBank="4E9D0908-0933-48AF-A6ED-F3B8D39E8994" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1553787614041" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Cairns, Stephen D." docDate="2018" docId="03B0147FFFF2FFD876CC683A4361F829" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4532.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4532 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Narella calamus Cairns 2018, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="14" lastPageNumber="29" masterDocId="FF896C07FFEEFFC4765B6A1F4732FF92" masterDocTitle="Primnoidae (Cnidaria: Octocorallia: Calcaxonia) of the Okeanos Explorer expeditions (CAPSTONE) to the central Pacific" masterLastPageNumber="43" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="29" updateTime="1698714965598" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="9750BB249CBA017FCBB019EB7A12D182" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:title id="BD38736CB61F32B955E09955298AD288">Primnoidae (Cnidaria: Octocorallia: Calcaxonia) of the Okeanos Explorer expeditions (CAPSTONE) to the central Pacific</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="701BAF943C7652BF547AF446FBDB6787" type="personal">
<mods:role id="AE4A1CC8A2E17B2CFC1B9C6E38E614AD">
<mods:roleTerm id="8ED1BF4D08B480C21836F85C08306672">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="716ECBD0298D7AEE42EF4DC1DDC47CF0">Cairns, Stephen D.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="BE0D2ADE090991FA4330EC701EB4A7E9">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="4EB141551C00690382917124FD62655A">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="C3830D16E9E2D2B88BFF4337BB359134">
<mods:date id="5AA4AF80CE83AD93A1E90569EF72AFE5">2018</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="46667AC7A657DAFF9839990F687FE57C" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="00D20057529815F158B89681DF2C9AAD">2018-12-17</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="63A431F0C0FD2A5A70541C9BB4DE6D23">4532</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="DB99124E1AE9ED602DE1C805F2A2632C">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="40A24DE72F131CDE82A17D2E618C0E81" type="CLB-Dataset">27764</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="C68ABE8AD10FACD1A4C24184BAF011E4" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4532.1.1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="D079BDA3F7CB97AEDF6B5EEC6CE7400A" type="GBIF-Dataset">b3fb460f-20b4-4c62-98ea-a07d901bbfc0</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03B0147FFFF2FFD876CC683A4361F829" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5951536" ID-GBIF-Taxon="154521082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5951536" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B0147FFFF2FFD876CC683A4361F829" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B0147FFFF2FFD876CC683A4361F829" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<subSubSection id="C303F6E2FFF2FFD876CC683A4682FDAD" box="[151,432,549,576]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BA6A569FFF2FFD876CC683A4682FDAD" blockId="28.[151,432,549,611]" box="[151,432,549,576]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<heading id="D0EE1205FFF2FFD876CC683A4682FDAD" bold="true" box="[151,432,549,576]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B96D797BFFF2FFD876CC683A4682FDAD" bold="true" box="[151,432,549,576]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName id="4C19DEEAFFF2FFD876CC683A466DFDD2" ID-CoL="45PMD" authority="Cairns, 2018" authorityName="Cairns" authorityYear="2018" box="[151,351,549,576]" class="Anthozoa" family="Primnoidae" genus="Narella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="calamus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B96D797BFFF2FFD876CC683A466DFDD2" bold="true" box="[151,351,549,576]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Narella calamus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25EC400FFF2FFD87736683A4682FDAD" box="[365,432,549,575]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C303F6E2FFF2FFD876CC68564663FDF1" box="[151,337,585,611]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BA6A569FFF2FFD876CC68564663FDF1" blockId="28.[151,432,549,611]" box="[151,337,585,611]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<figureCitation id="1322B9ECFFF2FFD876CC685647C0FDF1" box="[151,242,585,611]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1774,1799]" captionTargetBox="[174,1414,166,1753]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[174,1414,166,1753]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. In situ images of various species: A, Callogorgia cracentis, holotype. B, Calyptrophora lyra, holotype (not in situ). C, C. diaphana, EX1606-9-1. D, C. carinata, holotype. E, C. clarki, EX1605-L3-6. F, C. pourtalesi, holotype. G, C. distolos, holotype. H, Candidella gigantea, EX1606-6. I, Macroprimnoa ornata, holotype. J, Narella virgosa, holotype. K-L, N. aurantiaca, holotype. M, N. merga, holotype. N, N. horrida, EX1703-2-3. O, N. fordi, holotype. P, N. calamus, holotype. Q, N. virgosa, paratype, EX1504-L4-9-4. R, N. macrocalyx, EX1606-7. S, N. hawaiiensis, EX1504-9-2. T, Paracalyotrophora hawaiiensis, EX1703-2-1. U, P. echinata, EX1703-10-1. V, P. spiralis, holotype. W, Plumarella circumoperculum, EX1603-2-3. X, Thouarella hilgendorfi, EX1605-L1-17." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2614969/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figs. 1P</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1322B9ECFFF2FFD876A56856462AFDF1" box="[254,280,585,611]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1819,1844]" captionTargetBox="[174,1414,201,1788]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[174,1414,201,1788]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 14. Narella calamus, holotype: A–B, stereo views of lateral and adaxial sides of polyp. C, basal scales. D, medial scale. E, buccal scales. F, adaxial buccal scales, in situ. G, opercular scales. H, coenenchymal scales. Scale bars in mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2614993/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">14</figureCitation>
A–H
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C303F6E2FFF2FFD876CC688E4533FC35" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BA6A569FFF2FFD876CC688E447EFD5D" blockId="28.[151,1437,657,1979]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B96D797BFFF2FFD876CC688E462AFD39" bold="true" box="[151,280,657,683]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Etymology</emphasis>
. Named
<taxonomicName id="4C19DEEAFFF2FFD877DA688E46ECFD39" authorityName="Cairns" authorityYear="2018" box="[385,478,657,683]" class="Anthozoa" family="Primnoidae" genus="Narella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="calamus">
<emphasis id="B96D797BFFF2FFD877DA688E46ECFD39" box="[385,478,657,683]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">calamus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Greek for a fishing rod), in that the unbranched colony of this species resembles a small fishing rod and is used for the purpose of catching prey.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA6A569FFF2FFD8769C68C64533FC35" blockId="28.[151,1437,657,1979]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B96D797BFFF2FFD8769C68C646C8FD61" bold="true" box="[199,506,728,755]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Types and Type Locality</emphasis>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B71AF34FFF2FFD8745668C6422AFD61" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2117764922" box="[525,1304,729,755]" collectionCode="SEM" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCode="USNM 1424208" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="54A21BCBFFF2FFD8745668C6454AFD61" box="[525,632,729,755]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
, and
<collectionCode id="ED083DACFFF2FFD874E668C645C5FD61" box="[701,759,729,755]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">SEM</collectionCode>
stubs 2419-2422,2479-2481,
<specimenCode id="DBBF0D12FFF2FFD8720E68C6422AFD61" box="[1109,1304,729,755]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="Museum">USNM 1424208</specimenCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B71AF34FFF2FFD8737368C64603FCA9" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2117764913" collectingDate="2017-07-25" collectionCode="USNM" country="United States Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges" elevation="1994" location="Wetmore Seamount" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCode="USNM 1457388" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="54A21BCBFFF2FFD8737368C642ABFD61" box="[1320,1433,729,755]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
<emphasis id="B96D797BFFF2FFD876CC68E1478BFC85" box="[151,185,766,791]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">EX</emphasis>
<date id="FFA783A9FFF2FFD876E268E2460CFC85" box="[185,318,765,791]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="1706-04-10">1706-10-04</date>
, 15.04˚N, 170.87˚W (
<location id="8EC6F3B2FFF2FFD8747468E24422FC85" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B0147FFFF2FFD876CC683A4361F829:8EC6F3B2FFF2FFD8747468E24422FC85" box="[559,784,765,791]" country="United States Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges" name="Wetmore Seamount" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Wetmore Seamount</location>
, off
<collectingCountry id="F30EE5F9FFF2FFD8751B68E244D7FC8A" box="[832,997,765,792]" name="United States Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Johnston Atoll</collectingCountry>
),
<elevation id="0034425AFFF2FFD875AC68E2437FFC85" box="[1015,1101,765,791]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.994" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="1994.0">
<quantity id="4CE1088CFFF2FFD875AC68E2437FFC85" box="[1015,1101,765,791]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.994" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="1994.0">1994 m</quantity>
</elevation>
, one colony,
<specimenCode id="DBBF0D12FFF2FFD8728668E242AAFC85" box="[1245,1432,764,791]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="Museum">USNM 1457388</specimenCode>
,
<collectingDate id="EFE37A41FFF2FFD876CC693F4603FCA9" box="[151,305,800,827]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="2017-07-25">
<date id="FFA783A9FFF2FFD876CC693F4603FCA9" box="[151,305,800,827]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="2017-07-25">25 July 2017</date>
</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B71AF34FFF2FFD87764693D4217FCA9" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2117764932" box="[319,1317,800,828]" collectingDate="2011-10-15" country="United States Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges" elevation="1793" location="Necker Ridge" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<taxonomicName id="4C19DEEAFFF2FFD87764693D46B5FCA9" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[319,391,802,827]" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Craniata" rank="superClass" superClass="Pisces">
<emphasis id="B96D797BFFF2FFD87764693D46B5FCA9" box="[319,391,802,827]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Pisces</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
4-2672, 21˚30’51”N, 167˚56’22” W (
<location id="8EC6F3B2FFF2FFD87564693E44D0FCAE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B0147FFFF2FFD876CC683A4361F829:8EC6F3B2FFF2FFD87564693E44D0FCAE" box="[831,994,801,828]" country="United States Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges" name="Necker Ridge" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Necker Ridge</location>
),
<elevation id="0034425AFFF2FFD875A2693E4360FCA9" box="[1017,1106,801,827]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.793" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="1793.0">
<quantity id="4CE1088CFFF2FFD875A2693E4360FCA9" box="[1017,1106,801,827]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.793" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="1793.0">1793 m</quantity>
</elevation>
,
<collectingDate id="EFE37A41FFF2FFD8723A693F4217FCA9" box="[1121,1317,800,827]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="2011-10-15">
<date id="FFA783A9FFF2FFD8723A693F4217FCA9" box="[1121,1317,800,827]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="2011-10-15">15 October 2011</date>
</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B71AF34FFF2FFD87368693E4215FCCD" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2117761660" collectingDate="2011-10-14" collectionCode="USNM" country="United States Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges" elevation="1746" location="Necker Ridge" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCode="USNM 1170790" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
1 colony,
<specimenCode id="DBBF0D12FFF2FFD876CC695A4667FCCD" box="[151,341,837,863]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="Museum">USNM 1170790</specimenCode>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C19DEEAFFF2FFD8773B6959469AFCCD" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[352,424,838,863]" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Craniata" rank="superClass" superClass="Pisces">
<emphasis id="B96D797BFFF2FFD8773B6959469AFCCD" box="[352,424,838,863]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Pisces</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
4-2638, 21˚37’52”N, 167˚49’02”W (
<location id="8EC6F3B2FFF2FFD87515695A44DDFCF2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B0147FFFF2FFD876CC683A4361F829:8EC6F3B2FFF2FFD87515695A44DDFCF2" box="[846,1007,837,864]" country="United States Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges" name="Necker Ridge" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Necker Ridge</location>
),
<elevation id="0034425AFFF2FFD87258695A4369FCCD" box="[1027,1115,837,863]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.746" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="1746.0">
<quantity id="4CE1088CFFF2FFD87258695A4369FCCD" box="[1027,1115,837,863]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.746" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="1746.0">1746 m</quantity>
</elevation>
,
<collectingDate id="EFE37A41FFF2FFD87233695A4215FCCD" box="[1128,1319,837,863]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="2011-10-14">
<date id="FFA783A9FFF2FFD87233695A4215FCCD" box="[1128,1319,837,863]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="2011-10-14">14 October 2011</date>
</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B71AF34FFF2FFD87368695A4596FC11" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2117764905" collectingDate="1606-03-06" collectionCode="USNM" country="United States Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCode="USNM 1171059" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
1 branch,
<specimenCode id="DBBF0D12FFF2FFD876CC69764666FC11" box="[151,340,872,899]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="Museum">USNM 1171059</specimenCode>
. Type Locality:
<emphasis id="B96D797BFFF2FFD8745269754519FC11" box="[521,555,874,899]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">EX</emphasis>
<collectingDate id="EFE37A41FFF2FFD8747069764596FC11" box="[555,676,873,899]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="1606-03-06">
<date id="FFA783A9FFF2FFD8747069764596FC11" box="[555,676,873,899]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="1606-03-06">1606-6-03</date>
</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
:
<materialsCitation id="3B71AF34FFF2FFD874F4697746CFFC35" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2117764930" collectingDate="2016-08-06" country="Wake Island" elevation="2073" location="Unnamed Seamount" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
19.4447˚N, 165.79899˚E (
<location id="8EC6F3B2FFF2FFD8758E6976438CFC11" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B0147FFFF2FFD876CC683A4361F829:8EC6F3B2FFF2FFD8758E6976438CFC11" box="[981,1214,873,899]" country="Wake Island" name="Unnamed Seamount" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Unnamed Seamount</location>
, northwest of
<collectingCountry id="F30EE5F9FFF2FFD87306697647D2FC3A" name="Wake Island" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Wake Island</collectingCountry>
),
<elevation id="0034425AFFF2FFD876A869924678FC35" box="[243,330,909,935]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.073" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="2073.0">
<quantity id="4CE1088CFFF2FFD876A869924678FC35" box="[243,330,909,935]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.073" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="2073.0">2073 m</quantity>
</elevation>
,
<collectingDate id="EFE37A41FFF2FFD8770D699246CFFC35" box="[342,509,909,935]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="2016-08-06">
<date id="FFA783A9FFF2FFD8770D699246CFFC35" box="[342,509,909,935]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="2016-08-06">6 August 2016</date>
</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C303F6E2FFF2FFD8769C69AF4535FC59" box="[199,519,944,971]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BA6A569FFF2FFD8769C69AF4535FC59" blockId="28.[151,1437,657,1979]" box="[199,519,944,971]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B96D797BFFF2FFD8769C69AF469DFC59" bold="true" box="[199,431,944,971]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Material Examined</emphasis>
.
<typeStatus id="54A21BCBFFF2FFD877E669AE4531FC59" box="[445,515,945,971]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Types</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C303F6E2FFF2FFD8769C69CB458FF8DD" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BA6A569FFF2FFD8769C69CB4608FBED" blockId="28.[151,1437,657,1979]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B96D797BFFF2FFD8769C69CB4663FC7D" bold="true" box="[199,337,980,1007]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Description</emphasis>
. Only the distal
<quantity id="4CE1088CFFF2FFD8745169CB4556FC7D" box="[522,612,980,1007]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="cm" value="14.5">14.5 cm</quantity>
(27 whorls) of the
<typeStatus id="54A21BCBFFF2FFD8756069CA44AFFC7D" box="[827,925,981,1007]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
colony was collected, but
<emphasis id="B96D797BFFF2FFD8729D69C94239FC7D" box="[1222,1291,982,1007]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">in situ</emphasis>
photographs of the type show it to be an unbranched colony approximately
<quantity id="4CE1088CFFF2FFD8753969E6449AFB81" box="[866,936,1017,1043]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.7" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="cm" value="77.0">77 cm</quantity>
in length (
<figureCitation id="1322B9ECFFF2FFD8727E69E64349FB81" box="[1061,1147,1017,1043]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1774,1799]" captionTargetBox="[174,1414,166,1753]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[174,1414,166,1753]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. In situ images of various species: A, Callogorgia cracentis, holotype. B, Calyptrophora lyra, holotype (not in situ). C, C. diaphana, EX1606-9-1. D, C. carinata, holotype. E, C. clarki, EX1605-L3-6. F, C. pourtalesi, holotype. G, C. distolos, holotype. H, Candidella gigantea, EX1606-6. I, Macroprimnoa ornata, holotype. J, Narella virgosa, holotype. K-L, N. aurantiaca, holotype. M, N. merga, holotype. N, N. horrida, EX1703-2-3. O, N. fordi, holotype. P, N. calamus, holotype. Q, N. virgosa, paratype, EX1504-L4-9-4. R, N. macrocalyx, EX1606-7. S, N. hawaiiensis, EX1504-9-2. T, Paracalyotrophora hawaiiensis, EX1703-2-1. U, P. echinata, EX1703-10-1. V, P. spiralis, holotype. W, Plumarella circumoperculum, EX1603-2-3. X, Thouarella hilgendorfi, EX1605-L1-17." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2614969/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 1P</figureCitation>
). The color of the colony is white. The whorls are arranged in relatively closely spaced (1.8–2.0 polyps/cm) whorls of four polyps each; the whorl diameter is about
<quantity id="4CE1088CFFF2FFD877F96E5F46D7FBC9" box="[418,485,1088,1115]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
. The horizontal length of contracted polyps is 4.4–5.0 mm. Polychaete commensalism was not noted.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA6A569FFF2FFD8769C6E96458FFA51" blockId="28.[151,1437,657,1979]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
The basal body wall scales are
<quantity id="4CE1088CFFF2FFD874706E964586FB31" box="[555,692,1161,1187]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.85" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="1.85" valueMax="1.9" valueMin="1.8">1.8–1.9 mm</quantity>
in height, the distal margin serrate (but with rounded apices) and extend only slightly past the proximal portion of the medial scales (
<figureCitation id="1322B9ECFFF2FFD875DA6EB24321FB55" box="[897,1043,1197,1223]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1819,1844]" captionTargetBox="[174,1414,201,1788]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[174,1414,201,1788]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 14. Narella calamus, holotype: A–B, stereo views of lateral and adaxial sides of polyp. C, basal scales. D, medial scale. E, buccal scales. F, adaxial buccal scales, in situ. G, opercular scales. H, coenenchymal scales. Scale bars in mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2614993/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Figs. 14A, C</figureCitation>
). The dorsolateral edge of the basal scales are rounded; none of the body wall scales are ridged, all having a smooth to slightly granular outer face. The adaxial edges of the basal scales do not meet (open position,
<figureCitation id="1322B9ECFFF2FFD8751B6EEA4497FA9D" box="[832,933,1269,1295]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1819,1844]" captionTargetBox="[174,1414,201,1788]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[174,1414,201,1788]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 14. Narella calamus, holotype: A–B, stereo views of lateral and adaxial sides of polyp. C, basal scales. D, medial scale. E, buccal scales. F, adaxial buccal scales, in situ. G, opercular scales. H, coenenchymal scales. Scale bars in mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2614993/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 14B</figureCitation>
). The medial body wall scales (
<figureCitation id="1322B9ECFFF2FFD8735E6EEA4259FA9D" box="[1285,1387,1269,1295]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1819,1844]" captionTargetBox="[174,1414,201,1788]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[174,1414,201,1788]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 14. Narella calamus, holotype: A–B, stereo views of lateral and adaxial sides of polyp. C, basal scales. D, medial scale. E, buccal scales. F, adaxial buccal scales, in situ. G, opercular scales. H, coenenchymal scales. Scale bars in mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2614993/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 14D</figureCitation>
) are much smaller, only
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in length. The buccal scales (
<figureCitation id="1322B9ECFFF2FFD875186F064494FAA1" box="[835,934,1305,1331]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1819,1844]" captionTargetBox="[174,1414,201,1788]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[174,1414,201,1788]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 14. Narella calamus, holotype: A–B, stereo views of lateral and adaxial sides of polyp. C, basal scales. D, medial scale. E, buccal scales. F, adaxial buccal scales, in situ. G, opercular scales. H, coenenchymal scales. Scale bars in mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2614993/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 14E</figureCitation>
) are the largest of the body wall scales, up to
<quantity id="4CE1088CFFF2FFD876CC6F2247DCFAC5" box="[151,238,1341,1367]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="2.4">2.4 mm</quantity>
in length and also having a slightly wavy distal edge. The ratio of major body wall scales is: 1: 0.65: 1.2, the buccal scales being larger than the basals. There is one pair of square adaxial body wall scales (
<figureCitation id="1322B9ECFFF2FFD872AA6F7E4267FAE9" box="[1265,1365,1377,1403]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1819,1844]" captionTargetBox="[174,1414,201,1788]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[174,1414,201,1788]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 14. Narella calamus, holotype: A–B, stereo views of lateral and adaxial sides of polyp. C, basal scales. D, medial scale. E, buccal scales. F, adaxial buccal scales, in situ. G, opercular scales. H, coenenchymal scales. Scale bars in mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2614993/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 14F</figureCitation>
), each measuring about
<quantity id="4CE1088CFFF2FFD877076F9B4686FA0D" box="[348,436,1412,1439]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
to a side, below which the polyp is naked. All body wall scales are quite thin and thus fragile and often were often broken in collection.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA6A569FFF2FFD8769C6FD24602F9E5" blockId="28.[151,1437,657,1979]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
The abaxial opercular scales are symmetrical, up to 2.0 mm in length, with an L:W of about 1.4, often having a bifid tip. The lateral opercular scales are asymmetrical,
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in length, having an L:W of 2.1–2.3; some of the lateral operculars also have a bifid tip. The adaxial operculars are the smallest and most slender, being symmetrical, only
<quantity id="4CE1088CFFF2FFD8768A6C27466BF9C1" box="[209,345,1592,1619]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="1.65" valueMax="1.8" valueMin="1.5">1.5–1.8 mm</quantity>
in length, and having an L:W of 2.5–3.5. All opercular scales (
<figureCitation id="1322B9ECFFF2FFD872736C2643BDF9C1" box="[1064,1167,1593,1619]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1819,1844]" captionTargetBox="[174,1414,201,1788]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[174,1414,201,1788]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 14. Narella calamus, holotype: A–B, stereo views of lateral and adaxial sides of polyp. C, basal scales. D, medial scale. E, buccal scales. F, adaxial buccal scales, in situ. G, opercular scales. H, coenenchymal scales. Scale bars in mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2614993/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 14G</figureCitation>
) have a highly concave outer surface.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA6A569FFF2FFD8769C6C9E438EF92D" blockId="28.[151,1437,657,1979]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
The coenenchymal scales (
<figureCitation id="1322B9ECFFF2FFD877AF6C9E456BF909" box="[500,601,1665,1691]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="29.[151,250,1819,1844]" captionTargetBox="[174,1414,201,1788]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[174,1414,201,1788]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURE 14. Narella calamus, holotype: A–B, stereo views of lateral and adaxial sides of polyp. C, basal scales. D, medial scale. E, buccal scales. F, adaxial buccal scales, in situ. G, opercular scales. H, coenenchymal scales. Scale bars in mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2614993/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 14H</figureCitation>
) are elongate (up to
<quantity id="4CE1088CFFF2FFD875646C9F44A7F909" box="[831,917,1664,1691]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
in length, with an L:W ranging from 3.5–6.0), thin and imbricate. Most coenenchymals bear one tall longitudinal ridge on their outer surface.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BA6A569FFF2FFD8769C6CD7458FF8DD" blockId="28.[151,1437,657,1979]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B96D797BFFF2FFD8769C6CD74654F971" bold="true" box="[199,358,1736,1763]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Comparisons</emphasis>
. Only two of the 27 known species of
<taxonomicName id="4C19DEEAFFF2FFD875776CD644B3F971" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1870" box="[812,897,1737,1763]" class="Anthozoa" family="Primnoidae" genus="Narella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B96D797BFFF2FFD875776CD644B3F971" box="[812,897,1737,1763]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Narella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
that lack a dorsolateral ridge have unbranched colonies, the other species being
<taxonomicName id="4C19DEEAFFF2FFD8745D6CF14477F895" authority="(Hickson, 1909)" baseAuthorityName="Hickson" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[518,837,1773,1799]" class="Anthozoa" family="Primnoidae" genus="Narella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="versluysi">
<emphasis id="B96D797BFFF2FFD8745D6CF145B8F895" box="[518,650,1773,1799]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">N. versluysi</emphasis>
(Hickson, 1909)
</taxonomicName>
(Amphi-Atlantic,
<quantity id="4CE1088CFFF2FFD872486CF34391F895" box="[1043,1187,1772,1799]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.825" metricValueMax="3.1" metricValueMin="0.55" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="m" value="1825.0" valueMax="3100.0" valueMin="550.0">550–3100 m</quantity>
).
<taxonomicName id="4C19DEEAFFF2FFD872EE6CF2425FF895" authorityName="Cairns" authorityYear="2018" box="[1205,1389,1773,1799]" class="Anthozoa" family="Primnoidae" genus="Narella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="calamus">
<emphasis id="B96D797BFFF2FFD872EE6CF2425FF895" box="[1205,1389,1773,1799]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Narella calamus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C19DEEAFFF2FFD8775F6D0D46BAF8B9" baseAuthorityName="Hickson" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[260,392,1809,1835]" class="Anthozoa" family="Primnoidae" genus="Narella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="versluysi">
<emphasis id="B96D797BFFF2FFD8775F6D0D46BAF8B9" box="[260,392,1809,1835]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">N. versluysi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having a serrate edge to their basal scales and much longer polyps.
<taxonomicName id="4C19DEEAFFF2FFD872CE6D0E427FF8B9" authorityName="Cairns" authorityYear="2018" box="[1173,1357,1809,1835]" class="Anthozoa" family="Primnoidae" genus="Narella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="calamus">
<emphasis id="B96D797BFFF2FFD872CE6D0E427FF8B9" box="[1173,1357,1809,1835]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Narella calamus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C19DEEAFFF2FFD873D86D0D462BF8DD" authorityName="Cairns &amp; Bayer" authorityYear="2007" class="Anthozoa" family="Primnoidae" genus="Narella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="macrocalyx">
<emphasis id="B96D797BFFF2FFD873D86D0D462BF8DD" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">N. macrocalyx</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have the longest polyps in the genus.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C303F6E2FFF2FFD8769C6D4643A4F805" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BA6A569FFF2FFD8769C6D4643A4F805" blockId="28.[151,1437,657,1979]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B96D797BFFF2FFD8769C6D464606F8E1" bold="true" box="[199,308,1881,1907]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Remarks</emphasis>
. The fragility of the corallum may be associated with the depth of capture, deep-living primnoid taxa often having thin scales and thus brittle polyps, which are prone to damage when collected.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C303F6E2FFF2FFD8769C6DBF4361F829" box="[199,1107,1952,1979]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BA6A569FFF2FFD8769C6DBF4361F829" blockId="28.[151,1437,657,1979]" box="[199,1107,1952,1979]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="B96D797BFFF2FFD8769C6DBF466BF829" bold="true" box="[199,345,1952,1979]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Distribution</emphasis>
. Off
<collectingCountry id="F30EE5F9FFF2FFD877CF6DBE4513F829" box="[404,545,1953,1979]" name="Wake Island" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Wake Island</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F30EE5F9FFF2FFD874766DBE45E0F829" box="[557,722,1953,1979]" name="United States Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Johnston Atoll</collectingCountry>
, and Necker Ridge,
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.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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