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<document id="1CC29647B178904B4D6F0316416F7F09" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.175765" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8df1b4ee-49c5-469a-a547-f9a0f1b62a57" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="175765" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459818732233" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ewing, Curtis" docDate="2007" docId="03AE878DFFA0FFC3FF4FC8D12DCAFA5A" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01427p036.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1427" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Nitidulidae" docType="key" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="12" masterDocId="FF97FFF5FFAAFFC8FFD8CD362853FFD0" masterDocTitle="Phylogenetic analysis of the genera of endemic Hawaiian sap beetles (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) based on morphology with redescription and key to the genera of endemic Hawaiian Nitidulidae" masterLastPageNumber="36" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="11" updateTime="1698221712566" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="55CAAA97E729A42C26B773C2A505E30A">Phylogenetic analysis of the genera of endemic Hawaiian sap beetles (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) based on morphology with redescription and key to the genera of endemic Hawaiian Nitidulidae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E9FC32152FCF265D49BB4E772ACCE480">Ewing, Curtis</mods:namePart>
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<paragraph id="8BB8369BFFA0FFC2FF4FC8D12B45F9D1" blockId="10.[151,790,1511,1537]" box="[151,790,1511,1537]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<heading id="D0F081F7FFA0FFC2FF4FC8D12B45F9D1" bold="true" box="[151,790,1511,1537]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" reason="1">
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Key to the genera of endemic Hawaiian
<taxonomicName id="4C074D18FFA0FFC2FD52C8D12B45F9D1" ID-CoL="DCS" ID-ENA="116151" box="[650,790,1511,1537]" class="Insecta" family="Nitidulidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Nitidulidae</taxonomicName>
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<paragraph id="8BB8369BFFA0FFC2FF4FCB042C0EF9A4" blockId="10.[151,1436,1586,1652]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
A key to the 19 species of adventive sap beetles naturalized in Hawaii is provided in
<bibRefCitation id="EF964B6AFFA0FFC2FB53CB042DCAF99C" author="Ewing" box="[1163,1433,1586,1612]" pageId="10" pageNumber="27" refString="Ewing, C. P. &amp; Cline, A. R. (2005) Key to adventive sap beetles (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) in Hawaii, with notes on records and habits. Coleopterists Bulletin, 59, 167 - 183." type="journal article" year="2005">Ewing &amp; Cline (2005)</bibRefCitation>
. The following key continues from couplet 3, which separates the endemic species.
</paragraph>
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1 Form depressed, elongate, and parallel sided, posterior width of 6th abdominal segment only slightly narrower than 5th, elytron more than
<date id="FFB9105BFFA0FFC2FD8DCBE42A21F93C" box="[597,626,1746,1772]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">2x</date>
as long as wide, striae regular (fig. 14); tarsomere 3 little dilated (fig. 15); prosternal process enlarged apically with margin broadly rounded (fig. 16)
<emphasis id="B973EA89FFA0FFC2FBB0CBCD2D1DF8C4" box="[1128,1358,1787,1812]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
.........
<taxonomicName id="4C074D18FFA0FFC2FB73CBCD2D1DF8C4" ID-CoL="3PWN" authority="Sharp" authorityName="Sharp" box="[1195,1358,1787,1812]" class="Insecta" family="Nitidulidae" genus="Cillaeopeplus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cillaeopeplus</taxonomicName>
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Sharp
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB8369BFFA0FFC2FF4FCA142DC9F80C" blockId="10.[151,1436,1706,2012]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<keyLead id="30F695AEFFA0FFC2FF4FCA142DC9F80C" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
1' Form sub-depressed to convex, abdomen evenly tapered, posterior width of 6th abdominal segment much narrower than 5th, elytron
<date id="FFB9105BFFA0FFC2FDD9CA7C2A4DF8B4" box="[513,542,1866,1892]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">2x</date>
as long as wide or less (figs. 17, 18), striae often irregular to confused, usually irregular at apex; tarsomere 3 usually strongly dilated (fig. 19), if not then wings reduced; prosternal process variable, small and upturned sharply (
<figureCitation id="133C2A1EFFA0FFC2FD3DCAAC2B20F864" box="[741,883,1946,1972]" captionStart="FIGURES 14 29. 14" captionStartId="15.[151,269,1749,1773]" captionTargetBox="[257,1344,184,1748]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[243,1345,178,1806]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 14 29. 14. Cillaeopeplus staphyliniformis, male; 15. Cillaeopeplus infimus protibia and tarsus; 16. Cillaeopeplus undescribed (Kauai No. 2), prosternum; 17. Gonioryctus arduus, female; 18. Apetasimus conditus, female; 19. Apetasimus debbiae, protarsus; 20. Apetasimus ganeademus, prosternum (lateral view); 21. Prosopeus latiusculus, prosternum; 22. P. l., dissected prothorax, posterior view into gut foramen, showing prosternal process appressed to sternite; 23. Prosopeus varius, prosternum, lateral view; 24. P. v., prosternum; 25. P. v., dissected prothorax, posterior view into gut foramen, showing prosternal process with short vertical face; 26. Orthostolus prosternalis, prosternum; 27. O. p., prosternum, lateral view; 28. O. p., pronotum showing anteromedial setal patch; 29. Prosopeus undescribed (Waialeale, Kauai), head, dorsal view. iii third palpomere; pp prosternal process." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/175772/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Figs. 2022</figureCitation>
), small and upturned slightly (figs. 2325), or expanded apically and little upturned (figs. 26, 27), apical margin truncate to broadly rounded .............. 2
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2 Pronotum with patch of forward directed setae behind head (fig. 28), remaining setae directed posteriorly; prosternal process of prosternum expanded and little upturned; eyes never reaching posterior margin of postgenae (fig. 29), temple wide and distinct; large species
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, closely associated with native Hawaiian lobelioids ..........................................................................................................
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<emphasis id="B973EA89FFA1FFC3FB1CCC262D1DFEF9" box="[1220,1358,272,297]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Orthostolus</emphasis>
Sharp
</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<keyLead id="30F695AEFFA1FFC3FF4FCC0E2DC9FE22" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
2' Pronotum without patch of forward directed setae behind head, remaining setae variable, from regular to confused; prosternal process variable, from small and upturned sharply to expanded and little upturned; eyes variable, from large and continuous with post genae (
<figureCitation id="133C2A1EFFA1FFC3FC58CCBE2C5DFE72" box="[896,1038,392,418]" captionStart="FIGURES 30 54. 30" captionStartId="16.[151,269,1576,1600]" captionTargetBox="[153,1365,208,1575]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[151,1436,208,1608]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 30 54. 30. Gonioryctus bifarius, head, dorsal view; 31. Prosopeus perkinsi, head, dorsal view; 32. Prosopeus varius, head, dorsal view; 33. Eupetinus sulcatus, head, dorsal view; 34. Gonioryctus anticatus, antennal club, antennomeres 8 11; 35. Gonioryctus oppositus, antennomeres 8 11; 36. G. anticatus, head, dorsal view; 37. Apetasimus involucer, head, dorsal view; 38. G. oppositus, pronotum; 39. Orthostolus undescribed (Alakai Swamp, Kauai, No. 1), antennomeres 8 11; 40. Apetasimus subalatus, antenna; 41. Prosopeus latiusculus, prothorax, lateral view; 42. Generic elytron cross section: a, narrow anterior lateral margin; b, wide anterior lateral margin; 43. Eupetinus impressus, labial palp, ventral view; 44. Apetasimus guttatus, labial palp, ventral view; 45. Apetasimus pleomelarrosus, labrum; 46. G. anticatus, labrum; 47. A. involucer, spermatheca; 48. A. pleomelarrosus, spermatheca; 49. A. involucer, aedeagus, ventral view; 50. A. pleomelarrosus, aedeagus, ventral view; 51. Gonioryctus perkinsi, pronotum; 52. Gonioryctus cuneatus, pronotum; 53. Gonioryctus conicicollis, pronotum; 54. Gonioryctus eremitus, pronotum. iii third labial palpomere, ix ninth antennomere, ag accessory gland, br basal ring, pp prosternal process, spd spermathecal duct, tmp temple." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/175773/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Figs. 3032</figureCitation>
) to small with temple wide (figs. 33, 37); size variable, from 2.5
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; sometimes associated with Hawaiian lobelioids; never with all characters as above ..................................................................................................................................... 3
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3 Antennal club robust, integument with prominent spiculate microsculpture, setae fine; 9th antennomere subquadrate to trapezoidal, length and width subequal (fig. 34, 35); eyes coarsely faceted, usually large with posterior margin meeting post-genae, temple linear (figs. 30, 36), if eyes smaller and temple present than prothorax distinctive, strongly transverse, much wider anteriorly with sides rounded, constricted behind and margin strongly explanate (fig. 38); large species 4.510.0 mm
<emphasis id="B973EA89FFA1FFC3FBECCF962D1DFD69" box="[1076,1358,672,697]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
..................
<taxonomicName id="4C074D18FFA1FFC3FB65CF962D1DFD69" ID-CoL="4Q73" authority="Sharp" authorityName="Sharp" box="[1213,1358,672,697]" class="Insecta" family="Nitidulidae" genus="Gonioryctus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Gonioryctus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
Sharp
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
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<keyLead id="30F695AEFFA1FFC3FF4FCFFE2DC9FCE2" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">3' Antennal club less robust, integument with microsculpture fine and less prominent, setae fine to elongate; 9th antennomere transverse (fig. 39, 40); eyes finely faceted, usually small with posterior margin before postgenae, temple narrow to wide, usually convex laterally (fig. 29, 3133); size from 2.58.0 mm ....... 4</keyLead>
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4 Prosternal process little expanded posteriorly in ventral view (figs. 21, 24), sharply to moderately upturned behind coxae (figs. 22, 23, 25, 41), never strong projected posteriorly; explanate margin of elytron always narrow,
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width of bead or less except rarely
<date id="FFB9105BFFA1FFC3FC40CEA62BE5FC7A" box="[920,950,912,938]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">3x</date>
at humeral angle (fig. 42a); striae always obsolete at apex of elytron with punctures shallow and confused; pronotum usually strongly convex, sometimes with two shallow depressions sub-basally, metathoracic wings always complete
<emphasis id="B973EA89FFA1FFC3FB2BCED62DC9FC29" box="[1267,1434,992,1017]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
......
<taxonomicName id="4C074D18FFA1FFC3FAC6CED62DC9FC29" ID-CoL="6X72" authority="Murray" authorityName="Murray" box="[1310,1434,992,1017]" class="Insecta" family="Nitidulidae" genus="Prosopeus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Prosopeus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
Murray
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB8369BFFA1FFC3FF4FC9062DC9FB3A" blockId="11.[151,1437,152,1418]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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4' Prosternal process usually strongly expanded posteriorly, usually little upturned behind coxae, if small and upturned then wings reduced; explanate margin usually wide, often very wide, always at least
<date id="FFB9105BFFA1FFC3FA8BC96E2D23FBA2" box="[1363,1392,1112,1138]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">4x</date>
the marginal bead at humeral angle (fig. 42b); striae always distinctly impressed, often irregular, pronotum usually depressed with surface irregular, if convex than wings reduced; metathoracic wings commonly reduced to less than the length of the elytra ................................................................................................ 5
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<keyStep id="30F32E3EFFA1FFC3FF4FC9CE2DCAFA5A" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<paragraph id="8BB8369BFFA1FFC3FF4FC9CE2DCAFAEA" blockId="11.[151,1437,152,1418]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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5 Third labial palpomere strongly transverse,
<date id="FFB9105BFFA1FFC3FD1EC9CE2AB0FAC2" box="[710,739,1272,1298]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">2x</date>
as wide as long (fig. 43), many species common ..............
<emphasis id="B973EA89FFA1FFC3FF14C8162D1DFAE9" box="[204,1358,1312,1337]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
.............................................................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C074D18FFA1FFC3FB01C8162D1DFAE9" ID-CoL="4G8R" authority="Sharp" authorityName="Sharp" box="[1241,1358,1312,1337]" class="Insecta" family="Nitidulidae" genus="Eupetinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Eupetinus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
Sharp
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BB8369BFFA1FFC3FF4FC87E2DCAFA5A" blockId="11.[151,1437,152,1418]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<keyLead id="30F695AEFFA1FFC3FF4FC87E2DCAFA5A" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
5' Third labial palpomere elongate to sub-quadrate (fig. 44), external form diverse, internal copulatory sac of male always as in fig. 12, all species rarely encountered
<emphasis id="B973EA89FFA1FFC3FC81C8462D1DFA59" box="[857,1358,1392,1417]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
..................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C074D18FFA1FFC3FB12C8462D1DFA59" ID-CoL="Y7T" authority="Sharp" authorityName="Sharp" box="[1226,1358,1392,1417]" class="Insecta" family="Nitidulidae" genus="Apetasimus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Apetasimus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
Sharp
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