629 lines
82 KiB
XML
629 lines
82 KiB
XML
<document id="2117F399CEB5E9A4D92742D237DA5BA8" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4204.1.1" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4204.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3f8866d2-529e-43ad-b971-29fc52a13858" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="192302" ID-ZooBank="C050058A-774D-49C0-93F9-7A055B51C2A0" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1480667017343" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Williams, Paul H., Huang, Jiaxing, Rasmont, Pierre & An, Jiandong" docDate="2016" docId="03AE67547C473320B090A2ECA08FFAF0" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4204.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4204 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Bombus himalayanus Skorikov" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="45" masterDocId="FF971F2C7C6D330CB007A424A336FFA4" masterDocTitle="Early-diverging bumblebees from across the roof of the world: the high-mountain subgenus Mendacibombus revised from species’ gene coalescents and morphology (Hymenoptera, Apidae)" masterLastPageNumber="72" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="43" updateTime="1698395689147" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="5D8CD06F148404E1F74FB3D7236C6CFB">Early-diverging bumblebees from across the roof of the world: the high-mountain subgenus Mendacibombus revised from species’ gene coalescents and morphology (Hymenoptera, Apidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="127FC8F91D136A22D93CBF3B244F7574">Williams, Paul H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A47932834ECAC902110091D69069CFFF">Huang, Jiaxing</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="7103F6C113A11BCC2D0EECCA5D88BD51">Rasmont, Pierre</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="629E6A1CB63FC03862C5FA8CC5E693C4">An, Jiandong</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="CFB6D8289A8A8629230EF07B3F59B838">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="2B876B153C3796DC5027376E46767785">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="5EA23111832E477103F1E1724F75AFF6">4204</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03AE67547C473320B090A2ECA08FFAF0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5625297" ID-GBIF-Taxon="124940398" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5625297" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AE67547C473320B090A2ECA08FFAF0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE67547C473320B090A2ECA08FFAF0" lastPageId="44" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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<subSubSection id="C31D85C97C473326B090A2ECA17EF946" box="[151,584,1735,1762]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C473326B090A2ECA17EF946" blockId="42.[151,584,1735,1795]" box="[151,584,1735,1762]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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<heading id="D0F0612E7C473326B090A2ECA17EF946" bold="true" box="[151,584,1735,1762]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B9730A507C473326B090A2ECA17EF946" bold="true" box="[151,584,1735,1762]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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7.
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<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C473326B0B3A2E3A17EF946" ID-CoL="MFKR" authority="Skorikov" authorityName="Skorikov" box="[180,584,1735,1762]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="himalayanus">
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<emphasis id="B9730A507C473326B0B3A2E3A28DF945" bold="true" box="[180,443,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Bombus himalayanus</emphasis>
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(Skorikov)
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31D85C97C473326B090A2CEA2DDF8A7" box="[151,491,1770,1795]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C473326B090A2CEA2DDF8A7" blockId="42.[151,584,1735,1795]" box="[151,491,1770,1795]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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(
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<figureCitation id="133CCAC77C473326B098A2CEA3D1F8A7" box="[159,231,1770,1795]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 ‒ 6" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1819,1841]" captionTargetBox="[168,1389,193,1768]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[168,1412,193,1784]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 1 ‒ 6. Views of perching males of species of the subgenus Mendacibombus, showing the anteriorly extended antennae and laterally extended wings that are characteristic of their form of male mate-searching behaviour: 1, B. waltoni at Diebu ca 3910 m, Minshan mountains, Gansu, China, 29. viii. 2009; 2, B. convexus at Diebu ca 3340 m, Minshan mountains, Gansu, China, 29. viii. 2009; 3, B. avinoviellus at Gulmarg ca 2700 m, Pir Panjal mountains, Kashmir, India, 16. viii. 1985; 4, B. himalayanus at Apharwat ca 4100 m, Pir Panjal mountains, Kashmir, India, 30. viii. 1986; 5 ‒ 6, B. margreiteri near Dulan ca 3520 m, Burhan Budai mountains, Qinghai, China, 31. viii. 2010. Photos by PW (Figs 3 – 4 are the best available for these species)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/192303/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Figs 4</figureCitation>
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,
|
||
<figureCitation id="133CCAC77C473326B0F4A2CFA224F8A7" box="[243,274,1771,1795]" captionStart="FIGURES 15 ‒ 23" captionStartId="25.[151,264,1852,1874]" captionTargetBox="[186,1380,193,1766]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[186,1380,193,1811]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURES 15 ‒ 23. Morphology of the female (queen) head from the ventral aspect (labrum and mandibles): 15, B. marussinus queen, Pakistan MD # 482; 16, B. avinoviellus queen, India MD # 598; 17, B. turkestanicus queen, Tajikistan MD # 320; 18, B. defector queen, Kyrgyzstan MD # 1080; 19, B. margreiteri queen, Mongolia MD # 319; 20, B. himalayanus queen, India MD # 453. Morphology of the female (queen) left hindleg tibia from the left lateral aspect, dorsal at the top of the image, anterior to the left: 21, B. defector, China MD # 1251; 22, B. margreiteri, Mongolia MD # 319; 23, B. turkestanicus, Kyrgyzstan MD # 324." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/192311/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">20</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="133CCAC77C473326B11AA2CFA20DF8A7" box="[285,315,1771,1795]" captionStart="FIGURES 24 ‒ 35" captionStartId="26.[151,264,1867,1889]" captionTargetBox="[233,1387,193,1789]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[233,1390,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURES 24 ‒ 35. Morphology of the male genitalia for species of the subgenus Mendacibombus from the dorsal aspect, anterior to the left of the image, posterior to the right: 24, B. superbus, China MD # 339; 25, B. waltoni, China MD # 216; 26, B. convexus, China MD # 215; 27, B. makarjini, Kazakhstan MD # 1240; 28, B. marussinus, Pakistan MD # 408; 29, B. avinoviellus, India MD # 404; 30, B. himalayanus, India MD # 426; 31, B. turkestanicus, China MD # 351; 32, B. defector, Kyrgyzstan MD # 367; 33, B. margreiteri, China MD # 294; 34, B. handlirschianus, Russia MD # 835; 35, B. mendax, Spain MD # 689." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/192312/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">30</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="133CCAC77C473326B140A2CEA28CF8A7" box="[327,442,1770,1795]" captionStart="FIGURES 36 ‒ 55" captionStartId="29.[151,264,1875,1897]" captionTargetBox="[151,1415,299,1829]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[151,1436,193,1853]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURES 36 ‒ 55. Morphology of parts of the male genitalia from the dorsal aspect of the left side, anterior to the left of the image, posterior to the right, white bars indicating morphological characters referred to in the key to males: 36, B. waltoni; 37, B. mendax; 38, B. superbus; 39, B. convexus; 40, B. waltoni; 41, B. convexus; 42, B. defector; 43, B. mendax; 44, B. mendax; 45, B. turkestanicus; 46, B. avinoviellus; 47, B. mendax; 48, B. mendax; 49, B. makarjini; 50, B. handlirschianus; 51, B. himalayanus; 52, B. turkestanicus; 53, B. himalayanus; 54, B. himalayanus; 55, B. marussinus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/192314/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">51, 53, 54</figureCitation>
|
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,
|
||
<figureCitation id="133CCAC77C473326B1C1A2CEA2D5F8A7" box="[454,483,1770,1795]" captionStart="FIGURES 56 ‒ 67" captionStartId="35.[151,264,1891,1913]" captionTargetBox="[320,1245,193,1835]" captionTargetId="figure@35.[320,1245,193,1843]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURES 56 ‒ 67. Maps of the global distributions of species of the subgenus Mendacibombus from the material examined, with grey spots for specimen records and black spots for the samples with COI sequences (each species is unknown from regions outside the map boundaries shown); grey crosses for records of all species of Mendacibombus combined. Relief map with hill shading, Cartesian orthonormal projection, grey lines show borders to national administration according to UN maps, north at the top of the map. Image created in ArcGIS using World _ Shaded _ Relief basemap © 2014 Esri." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/192315/files/figure.png" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">62</figureCitation>
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)
|
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C31D85C97C473327B090A316A001FE07" lastPageId="43" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C473326B090A316A1B9F800" blockId="42.[151,1436,1842,1987]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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<materialsCitation id="3B6FDC1F7C473326B090A316A1B9F800" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1413110389" collectionCode="ZISP" collectorName="Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau & Cyrillic & Sonamarg" country="India" location="Sind" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Sind" typeStatus="lectotype">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB17F16C7C473326B090A316A1B9F800" infered="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C473326B090A316A161F8EC" ID-CoL="3ZPKX" authority="Skorikov 1914:125" authorityName="Skorikov" authorityPageNumber="125" authorityYear="1914" box="[151,599,1842,1864]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Mendacibombus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="varius">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C473326B090A316A2BEF8EC" box="[151,392,1842,1864]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Mendacibombus varius</emphasis>
|
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<treatmentCitation id="0AA6F0537C473326B196A316A161F8EC" author="Skorikov" box="[401,599,1842,1864]" page="125" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" year="1914">
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<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C473326B196A316A11BF8EC" author="Skorikov" box="[401,557,1842,1864]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" refString="Skorikov, A. S. (1914) Les formes nouvelles des bourdons (Hymenoptera, Bombidae). VI. Russkoe entomologicheskoe Obozrenie, 14, 119 - 129." type="journal article" year="1914">Skorikov 1914</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:125
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(not of
|
||
<collectorName id="26F2B3947C473326B2B5A316A0E7F8EC" box="[690,977,1842,1864]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
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Lepeletier de
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AA6F0537C473326B343A316A0E7F8EC" author="Saint-Fargeau" box="[836,977,1842,1864]" page="381" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" year="1832">
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C473326B343A316A0E7F8EC" author="Saint-Fargeau" box="[836,977,1842,1864]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" refString="Lepeletier de Saint-Fargeau, A. L. M. (1832) Observations sur l'ouvrage intitule: ' Bombi scandinaviae monographice tractato, etc., a Gustav. Dahlbom. '. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, 1, 366 - 382." type="journal article" year="1832">Saint-Fargeau</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
1832:381, =
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C473326B464A317A66CF8EC" ID-CoL="MFFQ" authority="Panzer" authorityName="Panzer" box="[1123,1370,1842,1864]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="campestris">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C473326B464A317A7C6F8EC" box="[1123,1264,1843,1864]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">B. campestris</emphasis>
|
||
(Panzer))
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, typelocality citation (
|
||
<collectorName id="26F2B3947C473326B17AA375A2FBF8C3" box="[381,461,1873,1895]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Cyrillic</collectorName>
|
||
) ‘[pass Zodji-La, … along the river
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49C318A07C473326B364A375A0A7F8C3" box="[867,913,1873,1895]" country="Pakistan" name="Sindh" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Sind</collectingRegion>
|
||
above
|
||
<collectorName id="26F2B3947C473326B3E1A375A760F8C3" box="[998,1110,1873,1895]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Sonamarg</collectorName>
|
||
]’.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C473326B468A375A7ECF8C3" bold="true" box="[1135,1242,1873,1895]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54BC68E07C473326B468A375A7ECF8C3" box="[1135,1242,1873,1895]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
queen by present designation
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED164E877C473326B145A354A240F822" box="[322,374,1904,1926]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/vmfx-g997" name="Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">ZISP</collectionCode>
|
||
examined, (Cyrillic) ‘[Zodzi-La]’ (Zoji-La, Great Himalaya,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31096D27C473326B3EDA354A715F822" box="[1002,1059,1904,1926]" name="India" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
). Note 1. Synonymised with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C473326B54DA354A28AF800" ID-CoL="MFKR" authority="Skorikov" authorityName="Skorikov" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="himalayanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C473326B54DA354A27FF800" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Bombus himalayanus</emphasis>
|
||
(Skorikov)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C473326B1E5A3AAA1BDF800" author="Williams" box="[482,651,1934,1956]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" refString="Williams, P. H. (1991) The bumble bees of the Kashmir Himalaya (Hymenoptera: Apidae, Bombini). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) (Entomology), 60, 1 - 204." type="journal article" year="1991">Williams (1991)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C473326B090A38AA7C0F867" blockId="42.[151,1436,1842,1987]" box="[151,1270,1965,1987]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB17F16C7C473326B090A38AA7C0F867" box="[151,1270,1965,1987]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
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[
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C473326B098A389A120F867" ID-CoL="5JMRK" box="[159,534,1965,1987]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Mendacibombus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="varius" variety="differens">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C473326B098A389A2BDF867" box="[159,395,1965,1987]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Mendacibombus varius</emphasis>
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C473326B1B9A389A120F867" box="[446,534,1965,1987]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">differens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C473326B225A38AA1FDF867" box="[546,715,1965,1987]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" rank="variety" variety="sexfasciatus">
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C473326B249A389A1FDF867" box="[590,715,1965,1987]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">sexfasciatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C473326B2CCA389A1F9F867" box="[715,719,1965,1987]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">,</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C473326B2D2A38AA70DF867" authority="Skorikov 1914:126" authorityName="Skorikov" authorityPageNumber="126" authorityYear="1914" box="[725,1083,1965,1987]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" rank="variety" variety="formosulus">
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C473326B2F8A389A046F867" box="[767,880,1965,1987]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">formosulus</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AA6F0537C473326B372A389A70DF867" author="Skorikov" box="[885,1083,1965,1987]" page="126" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" year="1914">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C473326B372A389A726F867" author="Skorikov" box="[885,1040,1965,1987]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" refString="Skorikov, A. S. (1914) Les formes nouvelles des bourdons (Hymenoptera, Bombidae). VI. Russkoe entomologicheskoe Obozrenie, 14, 119 - 129." type="journal article" year="1914">Skorikov 1914</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:126
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, infrasubspecific.]
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C463327B090A4BCA61FFF68" blockId="43.[151,1437,152,419]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B6FDC1F7C463327B090A4BCA61FFF68" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1413110388" collectionCode="ZISP" country="India" county="Note" location="Cyrillic" municipality="Ladakh Range" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB17F16C7C463327B090A4BCA61FFF68" infered="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C463327B090A4BCA002FF0A" ID-CoL="5JMRJ" authority="Skorikov 1914:127" authorityName="Skorikov" authorityPageNumber="127" authorityYear="1914" box="[151,820,152,174]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Mendacibombus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="mendax" subSpecies="himalayanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C463327B090A4BCA2A3FF0A" box="[151,405,152,174]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Mendacibombus mendax</emphasis>
|
||
subsp.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C463327B1E4A4BCA153FF0A" box="[483,613,152,174]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">himalayanus</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AA6F0537C463327B26AA4BCA002FF0A" author="Skorikov" box="[621,820,152,174]" page="127" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" year="1914">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C463327B26AA4BCA03FFF0A" author="Skorikov" box="[621,777,152,174]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" refString="Skorikov, A. S. (1914) Les formes nouvelles des bourdons (Hymenoptera, Bombidae). VI. Russkoe entomologicheskoe Obozrenie, 14, 119 - 129." type="journal article" year="1914">Skorikov 1914</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:127
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, type-locality citation (Cyrillic) ‘[pass Kordong]’.
|
||
<typeStatus id="54BC68E07C463327B539A4BCA6AAFF0A" box="[1342,1436,152,174]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
queen by monotypy
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED164E877C463327B191A492A2FCFF68" box="[406,458,182,204]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/vmfx-g997" name="Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">ZISP</collectionCode>
|
||
examined, (
|
||
<location id="8ED880997C463327B240A492A1A1FF68" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AE67547C473320B090A2ECA08FFAF0:8ED880997C463327B240A492A1A1FF68" box="[583,663,182,204]" country="India" county="Note" municipality="Ladakh Range" name="Cyrillic" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Cyrillic</location>
|
||
) ‘[pass
|
||
<location id="8ED880997C463327B2E0A492A07EFF68" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AE67547C473320B090A2ECA08FFAF0:8ED880997C463327B2E0A492A07EFF68" box="[743,840,182,204]" country="India" county="Note" municipality="Ladakh Range" name="Kordong" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Kordong</location>
|
||
]’ (Khardung-La,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BDC4C387C463327B3F2A492A7BCFF68" box="[1013,1162,182,204]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Ladakh Range</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31096D27C463327B492A492A7FBFF68" box="[1173,1229,182,204]" name="India" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
).
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62D9AECE7C463327B4D9A493A639FF68" box="[1246,1295,183,204]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Note</collectingCounty>
|
||
2.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C463327B090A4F1A77FFF4F" blockId="43.[151,1437,152,419]" box="[151,1097,213,235]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB17F16C7C463327B090A4F1A77FFF4F" box="[151,1097,213,235]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AA6F0537C463327B090A4F1A18CFF4F" author="Skorikov" box="[151,698,213,235]" page="149" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" year="1923">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C463327B090A4F1A1B8FF4F" ID-CoL="3ZPKX" authority="Skorikov" authorityName="Skorikov" authorityYear="1923" box="[151,654,213,235]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Mendacibombus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="varius">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C463327B090A4F1A2B5FF4F" box="[151,387,213,235]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Mendacibombus varius</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C463327B18DA4F1A1B8FF4F" author="Skorikov" box="[394,654,213,235]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" refString="Skorikov, A. S. (1923) [Palaearctic bumblebees. Part I. General biology (including zoogeography)]. Izvestiya Severnoi oblastnoi stantsii zashchity rastenii ot vreditelei, 4 (1922), 1 - 160." type="journal article" year="1923">Skorikov; Skorikov 1923</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:149
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AA6F0537C463327B2C3A4F1A0B8FF4F" author="Skorikov" box="[708,910,213,235]" page="213" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" year="1931">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C463327B2C3A4F1A057FF4F" author="Skorikov" box="[708,865,213,235]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" refString="Skorikov, A. S. (1931) Die Hummelfauna Turkestans und ihre Beziehungen zur zentralasiatischen Fauna (Hymenoptera, Bombidae). In: V. A. Lindholm (Ed.), Abhandlungen der Pamir - Expedition 1928. Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad, pp. 175 - 247." type="journal article" year="1931">Skorikov, 1931</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:213
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AA6F0537C463327B39EA4F1A773FF4F" author="Skorikov" box="[921,1093,213,235]" page="2" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" year="1933">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C463327B39EA4F1A702FF4F" author="Skorikov" box="[921,1076,213,235]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" refString="Skorikov, A. S. (1933) Zur Fauna und Zoogeographie der Hummeln des Himalaya. Doklady Akademii nauk SSSR, 1933, 243 - 248." type="journal article" year="1933">Skorikov 1933</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:2
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C463327B090A4D0A720FEAE" blockId="43.[151,1437,152,419]" box="[151,1046,244,266]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB17F16C7C463327B090A4D0A720FEAE" box="[151,1046,244,266]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C463327B090A4D0A073FEAE" ID-CoL="MFKR" authority="Skorikov" authorityName="Skorikov" box="[151,837,244,266]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="mendax" subGenus="Mendacibombus" subSpecies="himalayanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C463327B090A4D0A3DFFEAE" box="[151,233,244,266]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Bombus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C463327B0F0A4D0A2A8FEAE" box="[247,414,244,266]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Mendacibombus</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C463327B1AAA4D0A2CAFEAE" box="[429,508,244,266]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">mendax</emphasis>
|
||
Subsp.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C463327B24AA4D0A1F8FEAE" box="[589,718,244,266]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">himalayanus</emphasis>
|
||
(Skorikov)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AA6F0537C463327B348A4D0A724FEAE" author="Richards" box="[847,1042,244,266]" page="635" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" year="1930">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C463327B348A4D0A0D1FEAE" author="Richards" box="[847,999,244,266]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" refString="Richards, O. W. (1930) The humble - bees captured on the expeditions to Mt. Everest (Hymenoptera, Bombidae). Annals and Magazine of Natural History (10), 5, 633 - 658." type="journal article" year="1930">Richards 1930</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:635
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C463327B090A537A71FFE8C" blockId="43.[151,1437,152,419]" box="[151,1065,274,296]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB17F16C7C463327B090A537A71FFE8C" box="[151,1065,274,296]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||
[
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AA6F0537C463327B098A536A052FE8C" author="Skorikov" box="[159,868,274,296]" page="2" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" year="1933">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C463327B098A536A065FE8C" ID-CoL="5JMRJ" authority="Skorikov" authorityName="Skorikov" authorityYear="1933" box="[159,851,274,296]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Mendacibombus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="margreiteri" subSpecies="himalayanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C463327B098A536A171FE8C" box="[159,583,274,296]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Mendacibombus margreiteri himalayanus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C463327B249A536A065FE8C" author="Skorikov" box="[590,851,274,296]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" refString="Skorikov, A. S. (1933) Zur Fauna und Zoogeographie der Hummeln des Himalaya. Doklady Akademii nauk SSSR, 1933, 243 - 248." type="journal article" year="1933">Skorikov; Skorikov 1933</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:2
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, misidentification.]
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C463327B090A515A73AFEE3" blockId="43.[151,1437,152,419]" box="[151,1036,305,327]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C463327B090A515A1DDFEE3" authority="Skorikov" authorityName="Skorikov" box="[151,747,305,327]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="himalayanus" subGenus="Mendacibombus" subSpecies="varius">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C463327B090A515A3DFFEE3" box="[151,233,305,327]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Bombus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C463327B0F0A515A2A8FEE3" box="[247,414,305,327]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Mendacibombus</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C463327B1AAA515A142FEE3" box="[429,628,305,327]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">himalayanus varius</emphasis>
|
||
(Skorikov)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C463327B2F2A515A0A5FEE3" author="Williams" box="[757,915,305,327]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" refString="Williams, P. H. (1991) The bumble bees of the Kashmir Himalaya (Hymenoptera: Apidae, Bombini). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) (Entomology), 60, 1 - 204." type="journal article" year="1991">Williams, 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:fig.
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D011DCB7C463327B3C7A515A73EFEE3" box="[960,1032,305,327]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="male">5 male</specimenCount>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C463327B090A574A110FE20" blockId="43.[151,1437,152,419]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB17F16C7C463327B090A574A110FE20" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C463327B090A574A19AFEC2" ID-CoL="MFKR" authority="Skorikov" authorityName="Skorikov" box="[151,684,336,358]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="himalayanus" subGenus="Mendacibombus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C463327B090A574A105FEC2" box="[151,563,336,358]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Bombus (Mendacibombus) himalayanus</emphasis>
|
||
(Skorikov)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AA6F0537C463327B2BEA575A093FEC2" author="Williams" box="[697,933,336,358]" page="41" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" year="1991">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C463327B2BEA575A0B1FEC2" author="Williams" box="[697,903,336,358]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" refString="Williams, P. H. (1991) The bumble bees of the Kashmir Himalaya (Hymenoptera: Apidae, Bombini). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) (Entomology), 60, 1 - 204." type="journal article" year="1991">P.H. Williams 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:41
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AA6F0537C463327B3B5A575A7A9FEC2" author="Williams" box="[946,1183,336,358]" page="99" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" year="1998">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C463327B3B5A575A7B6FEC2" author="Williams" box="[946,1152,336,358]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" refString="Williams, P. H. (1998) An annotated checklist of bumble bees with an analysis of patterns of description (Hymenoptera: Apidae, Bombini). Bulletin of The Natural History Museum (Entomology), 67, 79 - 152. [updated at www. nhm. ac. uk / bombus / accessed 2015]." type="journal article" year="1998">P.H. Williams 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:99
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C463327B4ACA575A64CFEC2" author="Williams" box="[1195,1402,336,358]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" refString="Williams, P. H. (2004) Genus Bombus Latreille. In: R. K. Gupta (Ed), An annotated catalogue of the bee species of the Indian Region. Jai Narain Vyas University, Jodhpur, p. Web page providing a list of bumblebees of India and adjacent countries with common synonyms and a summary of their distributions within the region." type="book" year="2004">P.H. Williams 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:no. 27;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AA6F0537C463327B0EAA54AA282FE20" author="Suhail" box="[237,436,366,389]" page="3" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" year="2009">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C463327B0EAA54AA293FE20" author="Suhail" box="[237,421,366,389]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" refString="Suhail, A., Sabir, A. M., Asghar, M., Rafi, M. A. & Qadir, A. (2009) Geographic distributional patterns of the genus Bombus (Bombini, Apidae: Hymenoptera) in northern Pakistan. Biological Diversity and Conservation, 2, 1 - 9." type="journal article" year="2009">
|
||
Suhail
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C463327B133A554A25EFE20" box="[308,360,366,389]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2009
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:3
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
[not seen].
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C463327B090A5A9A001FE07" blockId="43.[151,1437,152,419]" box="[151,823,397,419]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB17F16C7C463327B090A5A9A001FE07" box="[151,823,397,419]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C463327B090A5A9A2D1FE07" ID-CoL="MFKR" authority="Skorikov" authorityName="Skorikov" box="[151,487,397,419]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="himalayanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C463327B090A5A9A246FE07" box="[151,368,397,419]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Bombus himalayanus</emphasis>
|
||
(Skorikov)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AA6F0537C463327B1F6A5A9A1F3FE07" author="Sabir" box="[497,709,397,419]" page="161" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" year="2011">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C463327B1F6A5A9A1AAFE07" author="Sabir" box="[497,668,397,419]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" refString="Sabir, A. M., Suhail, A., Ahmed, S. & Khalid, S. (2011) Diversity of bumblebees (Bombini, Apidae: Hymenoptera) in northern Pakistan. International Journal of Agriculture & Biology, 13, 159 - 166." type="journal article" year="2011">
|
||
Sabir
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C463327B22AA5AAA156FE07" box="[557,608,397,419]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2011
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:161
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
[not seen].
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31D85C97C463327B090A5F4A16DFBA0" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C463327B090A5F4A603FC88" blockId="43.[151,1437,463,2037]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B6FDC1F7C463327B090A5F4A38BFCAC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1413110400" collectingDate="2012-06-12" collectingDateMax="2012-06-15" collectingDateMin="2012-06-12" collectionCode="ZISP" collectorName="G. Jakobson & Cyrillic & Skorikova & Podbolotsk. & M. Podbolotskaya & Skorikov" county="Pass" determinerName="PH Williams" location="Note" municipality="Cryrillic" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" specimenCount="4" stateProvince="Sind" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<location id="8ED880997C463327B090A5F4A3FBFE43" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AE67547C473320B090A2ECA08FFAF0:8ED880997C463327B090A5F4A3FBFE43" box="[151,205,464,487]" county="Pass" municipality="Cryrillic" name="Note" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" stateProvince="Sind">Note</location>
|
||
1 (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C463327B0F4A5F5A20EFE4C" box="[243,312,465,488]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Mendacibombus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="varius">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C463327B0F4A5F5A20EFE4C" box="[243,312,465,488]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">varius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
<location id="8ED880997C463327B156A5EBA2FDFE4C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AE67547C473320B090A2ECA08FFAF0:8ED880997C463327B156A5EBA2FDFE4C" box="[337,459,463,488]" county="Pass" municipality="Cryrillic" name="Skorikov's" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" stateProvince="Sind">Skorikov’s</location>
|
||
original description of several females of the taxon
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C463327B411A5F5A76AFE4C" box="[1046,1116,465,488]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Mendacibombus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="varius">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C463327B411A5F5A76AFE4C" box="[1046,1116,465,488]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">varius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
cites the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54BC68E07C463327B4CFA5F4A7CEFE4C" box="[1224,1272,464,488]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality as the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49C318A07C463327B090A5D0A3FDFDA9" box="[151,203,500,525]" country="Pakistan" name="Sindh" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Sind</collectingRegion>
|
||
valley above
|
||
<location id="8ED880997C463327B170A5D0A2DEFDA8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AE67547C473320B090A2ECA08FFAF0:8ED880997C463327B170A5D0A2DEFDA8" box="[375,488,500,524]" county="Pass" municipality="Cryrillic" name="Sonamarg" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" stateProvince="Sind">Sonamarg</location>
|
||
up to the Zoji-La pass in the Great Himalaya. The
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED164E877C463327B466A5D0A7ADFDA8" box="[1121,1179,500,524]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/vmfx-g997" name="Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">ZISP</collectionCode>
|
||
collection studied by
|
||
<location id="8ED880997C463327B090A633A3C8FD94" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AE67547C473320B090A2ECA08FFAF0:8ED880997C463327B090A633A3C8FD94" box="[151,254,535,560]" county="Pass" municipality="Cryrillic" name="Skorikov" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" stateProvince="Sind">Skorikov</location>
|
||
contains a queen that agrees with the original description and carries the labels: (1) white, handwritten (
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BDC4C387C463327B099A618A236FDF1" box="[158,256,572,597]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Cryrillic</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
) ‘[[
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62D9AECE7C463327B121A618A269FDF0" box="[294,351,572,596]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Pass</collectingCounty>
|
||
] Zodzi-La, Hi- / malaya> 3000 mt. /
|
||
<collectorName id="26F2B3947C463327B301A618A0A6FDF1" box="[774,912,572,597]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">G. Jakobson</collectorName>
|
||
]
|
||
<date id="FFB9F0827C463327B39AA618A71CFDF0" box="[925,1066,572,597]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" value="2012-06-12" valueMax="2012-06-15" valueMin="2012-06-12">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFFD096A7C463327B39AA618A71CFDF0" box="[925,1066,572,597]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" value="2012-06-12" valueMax="2012-06-15" valueMin="2012-06-12">12‒15.VI.12</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
’; (2) white, printed (
|
||
<collectorName id="26F2B3947C463327B509A618A651FDF1" box="[1294,1383,572,597]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Cyrillic</collectorName>
|
||
) ‘[
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C463327B58FA618A231FDDC" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||
k.
|
||
<collectorName id="26F2B3947C463327B090A67BA231FDDC" box="[151,263,607,632]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Skorikova</collectorName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
]’; (3) red, printed ‘
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C463327B206A67BA142FDDC" box="[513,628,607,632]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54BC68E07C463327B206A67BA142FDDC" box="[513,628,607,632]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="holotype">Holotypus</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
’; (4) white, handwritten ‘varius’; (5) red, handwritten ‘
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C463327B524A645A234FD39" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54BC68E07C463327B524A645A6AAFDDC" box="[1315,1436,609,632]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="lectotype">Lectotypus</typeStatus>
|
||
Mendaci-
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C463327B122A6A0A12EFD39" authority="Skor." authorityName="Skor." box="[293,536,644,669]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="varius">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C463327B122A6A0A12EFD39" box="[293,536,644,669]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Bombus varius Skor.</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/ design.
|
||
<collectorName id="26F2B3947C463327B29FA6A0A02BFD38" box="[664,797,644,669]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C463327B29FA6A0A020FD39" box="[664,790,644,669]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Podbolotsk</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
’ (
|
||
<collectorName id="26F2B3947C463327B33AA6A0A725FD39" box="[829,1043,644,669]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">M. Podbolotskaya</collectorName>
|
||
, unpublished); (6) green, printed ‘
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C463327B0A7A683A26FFD64" box="[160,345,679,704]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Mendacibombus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C463327B0A7A683A26FFD64" box="[160,345,679,704]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Mendacibombus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/ MD# 735 det. PHW’; (7) red, printed ‘
|
||
<typeStatus id="54BC68E07C463327B347A68CA0D3FD64" box="[832,997,680,704]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="lectotype">LECTOTYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
[female] /
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C463327B46BA683A613FD64" box="[1132,1317,679,704]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Mendacibombus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C463327B46BA683A613FD64" box="[1132,1317,679,704]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Mendacibombus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C463327B544A68DA6BFFD64" box="[1347,1417,681,704]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="varius">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C463327B544A68DA6BFFD64" box="[1347,1417,681,704]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">varius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C463327B090A6E8A274FD40" author="Skorikov" box="[151,322,716,741]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" refString="Skorikov, A. S. (1914) Les formes nouvelles des bourdons (Hymenoptera, Bombidae). VI. Russkoe entomologicheskoe Obozrenie, 14, 119 - 129." type="journal article" year="1914">
|
||
<collectorName id="26F2B3947C463327B090A6E8A3C9FD41" box="[151,255,716,741]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Skorikov</collectorName>
|
||
, 1914
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
/ det.
|
||
<determinerName id="7E643A867C463327B18EA6E9A12FFD41" box="[393,537,716,741]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">PH Williams</determinerName>
|
||
2012’; (6) white, printed ‘[female]
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C463327B3ACA6E8A733FD41" box="[939,1029,716,741]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C463327B3ACA6E8A733FD41" box="[939,1029,716,741]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Bombus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/ (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C463327B422A6E8A7E8FD41" box="[1061,1246,716,741]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Mendacibombus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C463327B422A6E8A7E8FD41" box="[1061,1246,716,741]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Mendacibombus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) /
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C463327B4F9A6E8A6BBFD41" box="[1278,1421,716,741]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="himalayanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C463327B4F9A6E8A6BBFD41" box="[1278,1421,716,741]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">himalayanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
/ det
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B6FDC1F7C463327B0CCA6D4A603FC88" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1413110406" country="Philippines" location="This" municipality="Skorikov's" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="syntype">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31096D27C463327B0CCA6D4A3D9FCA3" box="[203,239,752,775]" name="Philippines" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">PH</collectingCountry>
|
||
Williams 2012’.
|
||
<location id="8ED880997C463327B1B8A6CBA2C7FCAC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AE67547C473320B090A2ECA08FFAF0:8ED880997C463327B1B8A6CBA2C7FCAC" box="[447,497,751,776]" country="Philippines" municipality="Skorikov's" name="This" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">This</location>
|
||
specimen, which is complete, is regarded as one of
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BDC4C387C463327B463A6CBA7EBFCAC" box="[1124,1245,751,776]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Skorikov’s</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
<typeStatus id="54BC68E07C463327B4EFA6D4A67CFCAC" box="[1256,1354,752,776]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
|
||
and is designated here as the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54BC68E07C463327B193A730A2CDFC89" box="[404,507,788,813]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
in order to reduce uncertainty in the identity and application of the name.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C463327B0C0A71CA28BFC3C" blockId="43.[151,1437,463,2037]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">A second queen collected at the Zoji-La by Jakobson in 1912 (MD#535, NHM, sent by Skorikov as part of an exchange with the NHM in 1934), closely similar in morphology, is designated here as a paralectotype and interpreted as conspecific.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C463327B0C0A781A16DFBA0" blockId="43.[151,1437,463,2037]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||
Note 2 (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C463327B122A780A282FC19" box="[293,436,932,957]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="himalayanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C463327B122A780A282FC19" box="[293,436,932,957]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">himalayanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Skorikov’s original description of the taxon
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C463327B3C4A780A764FC19" box="[963,1106,932,957]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="himalayanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C463327B3C4A780A764FC19" box="[963,1106,932,957]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">himalayanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specifies that there was only one type specimen for the name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C463327B222A7E3A182FC44" box="[549,692,967,992]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="himalayanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C463327B222A7E3A182FC44" box="[549,692,967,992]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">himalayanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, so this specimen in the ZISP is regarded as the holotype by monotypy (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C463327B110A7C8A179FBA0" author="ICZN" box="[279,591,1004,1029]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" refString="ICZN (1999) International code of zoological nomenclature (4 ed.). London, International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature." type="book chapter" year="1999">ICZN, 1999: Article 73.1.2</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31D85C97C463320B0C0A02BA168FC6C" lastPageId="44" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C463327B0C0A02BA27DFBE9" blockId="43.[151,1437,463,2037]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C463327B0C0A02BA278FB8C" bold="true" box="[199,334,1039,1064]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The species is named after the Himalaya, the mountain range at the southern edge of the Qinghai- Tibetan plateau.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C463327B0C0A073A70DFB79" blockId="43.[151,1437,463,2037]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C463327B0C0A073A2C3FBD4" bold="true" box="[199,501,1111,1136]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Taxonomy and variation.</emphasis>
|
||
The interpretation of this species is based here on evidence from DNA, as well as on the form of the female labrum (and between species on the form of the male genitalia). This disagrees with earlier concepts, diagnosed originally in terms of the hair colour pattern (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C463327B3F7A0BBA792FB1C" author="Skorikov" box="[1008,1188,1183,1208]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" refString="Skorikov, A. S. (1914) Les formes nouvelles des bourdons (Hymenoptera, Bombidae). VI. Russkoe entomologicheskoe Obozrenie, 14, 119 - 129." type="journal article" year="1914">Skorikov, 1914</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), because the species appears to be much more variable in colour pattern than was originally understood.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C463327B0C0A0C3A6AAF9C3" blockId="43.[151,1437,463,2037]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C463327B0C0A0C3A249FAA4" author="Skorikov" box="[199,383,1255,1280]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" refString="Skorikov, A. S. (1914) Les formes nouvelles des bourdons (Hymenoptera, Bombidae). VI. Russkoe entomologicheskoe Obozrenie, 14, 119 - 129." type="journal article" year="1914">Skorikov (1914)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described a single queen of the taxon
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C463327B32DA0C3A0CCFAA4" box="[810,1018,1255,1280]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C463327B32DA0C3A08FFAA4" box="[810,953,1255,1280]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" sensu="stricto" species="himalayanus">himalayanus</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A240B72B7C463327B3B8A0CDA0CCFAA4" box="[959,1018,1257,1280]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" sensu="stricto">s. str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(MD#731) from the Ladakh range as having the corbicula framed with black hairs, the pale bands and most of the side of the thorax lemon yellow, and the black band between the wing bases extensively intermixed with yellow hairs. One yellow-banded queen with more extensive black hair (MD#316) and a queen and a few older workers (MD#484‒489, 499, 4054, 4055) with more extensive yellow hair are known from elsewhere in Kashmir (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C463327B3B2A153A75CFA34" author="Williams" box="[949,1130,1399,1424]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" refString="Williams, P. H. (1991) The bumble bees of the Kashmir Himalaya (Hymenoptera: Apidae, Bombini). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) (Entomology), 60, 1 - 204." type="journal article" year="1991">Williams, 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The yellow-banded dark queen from Ladakh yielded only a short COI sequence (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133CCAC77C463327B314A1B8A05EFA10" box="[787,872,1436,1461]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1733,1755]" captionTargetBox="[314,1260,194,1721]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[314,1261,193,1722]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 13. Assigning names to species from an estimate of phylogeny for 130 COI sequences of the subgenus Mendacibombus. Based on a BEAST analysis of the 30 unique haplotypes (Fig. 11), with the remaining sequences interpolated back into the tree with 0 branch lengths from their matching samples (where a sequence matches more than one longer sequence within a species in the Collapse results, it is added after the first matching sequence, with the addition of the two short-sequence yellow unbanded specimens from Pakistan, MD # 4058, 4059). The sequence labels follow the format used in Figs 11, 12. Lineages accepted as species from the GMYC models (Fig. 11) are shown as thick branches, the most recent common ancestors of each species are shown with a black spot, and branches within species are shown as thin branches. Asterisks mark samples used as informal proxies for the type specimens of each of the taxon names (Table 1). The proxy sample for the type specimen for the oldest available name (the valid name) for each species (from Fig. 11) is marked in bold. The interpretations of the species with their valid names are shown in grey to the right." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/192309/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
|
||
: MD#316), although this is enough to support the inference from morphology by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C463327B1FFA19BA199FA7C" author="Williams" box="[504,687,1471,1496]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" refString="Williams, P. H. (1991) The bumble bees of the Kashmir Himalaya (Hymenoptera: Apidae, Bombini). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) (Entomology), 60, 1 - 204." type="journal article" year="1991">Williams (1991)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
that the taxon
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C463327B350A19BA715FA7C" box="[855,1059,1471,1496]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C463327B350A19BA0D0FA7C" box="[855,998,1471,1496]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" sensu="stricto" species="himalayanus">himalayanus</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A240B72B7C463327B3EAA1E5A715FA7C" box="[1005,1059,1473,1496]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" sensu="stricto">s. str</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
. and the taxon
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C463327B4D7A1E5A620FA7C" box="[1232,1302,1473,1496]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="varius">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C463327B4D7A1E5A620FA7C" box="[1232,1302,1473,1496]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">varius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are parts of the same species.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C463327B165A1C0A12DFA58" author="Skorikov" box="[354,539,1508,1533]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" refString="Skorikov, A. S. (1914) Les formes nouvelles des bourdons (Hymenoptera, Bombidae). VI. Russkoe entomologicheskoe Obozrenie, 14, 119 - 129." type="journal article" year="1914">Skorikov (1914)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
also described a single male with a yellow thorax with black hairs between the wing bases from Kilian (Raskam range,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49C318A07C463327B25DA223A188F984" box="[602,702,1543,1568]" country="China" name="Xinjiang Uygur" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Xinjiang</collectingRegion>
|
||
) under the name
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C463327B378A223A77CF984" box="[895,1098,1543,1568]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C463327B378A223A738F984" box="[895,1038,1543,1568]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" sensu="stricto" species="himalayanus">himalayanus</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A240B72B7C463327B412A22DA77CF984" box="[1045,1098,1545,1568]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" sensu="stricto">s. str</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.. Unfortunately this specimen could not be found in the ZISP collection (M. Podbolotskaya in litt.). But this is likely to be the same individual that
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C463327B0CFA26BA287F9CC" author="Skorikov" box="[200,433,1615,1640]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" refString="Skorikov, A. S. (1931) Die Hummelfauna Turkestans und ihre Beziehungen zur zentralasiatischen Fauna (Hymenoptera, Bombidae). In: V. A. Lindholm (Ed.), Abhandlungen der Pamir - Expedition 1928. Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Leningrad, pp. 175 - 247." type="journal article" year="1931">Skorikov (1931:215)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
later listed from the ‘Raskemkette, Nordhang des Kilieng’ as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C463327B46FA26BA6A3F9CC" box="[1128,1429,1615,1640]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Mendacibombus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="makarjini">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C463327B46FA26BA6A3F9CC" box="[1128,1429,1615,1640]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Mendacibombus makarjini</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C463327B0C0A250A2D3F8C1" blockId="43.[151,1437,463,2037]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||
Other specimens are known from the Great Himalaya and Pir Panjal ranges with a similar banded colour pattern, but with more extensive black between the wing bases and on the side of the thorax, and with the pale bands on the thorax and often on T2 white (Skorikov’s taxon
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C463327B344A299A0BFF970" box="[835,905,1725,1748]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="varius">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C463327B344A299A0BFF970" box="[835,905,1725,1748]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">varius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). These specimens have similar morphology of the female labrum and have been interpreted previously as conspecific (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C463327B3BBA2FBA758F95C" author="Williams" box="[956,1134,1759,1784]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" refString="Williams, P. H. (1991) The bumble bees of the Kashmir Himalaya (Hymenoptera: Apidae, Bombini). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) (Entomology), 60, 1 - 204." type="journal article" year="1991">Williams, 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The short COI sequences available are sufficient to give support for this white-banded taxon being conspecific with the yellow-banded taxon
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C463327B090A303A24DF8E4" box="[151,379,1831,1856]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C463327B090A303A210F8E4" box="[151,294,1831,1856]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" sensu="stricto" species="himalayanus">himalayanus</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A240B72B7C463327B131A30DA24DF8E4" box="[310,379,1833,1856]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" sensu="stricto">s. str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="133CCAC77C463327B194A303A2C6F8E4" box="[403,496,1831,1856]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1733,1755]" captionTargetBox="[314,1260,194,1721]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[314,1261,193,1722]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 13. Assigning names to species from an estimate of phylogeny for 130 COI sequences of the subgenus Mendacibombus. Based on a BEAST analysis of the 30 unique haplotypes (Fig. 11), with the remaining sequences interpolated back into the tree with 0 branch lengths from their matching samples (where a sequence matches more than one longer sequence within a species in the Collapse results, it is added after the first matching sequence, with the addition of the two short-sequence yellow unbanded specimens from Pakistan, MD # 4058, 4059). The sequence labels follow the format used in Figs 11, 12. Lineages accepted as species from the GMYC models (Fig. 11) are shown as thick branches, the most recent common ancestors of each species are shown with a black spot, and branches within species are shown as thin branches. Asterisks mark samples used as informal proxies for the type specimens of each of the taxon names (Table 1). The proxy sample for the type specimen for the oldest available name (the valid name) for each species (from Fig. 11) is marked in bold. The interpretations of the species with their valid names are shown in grey to the right." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/192309/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
|
||
: the white-banded taxon
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C463327B329A30DA042F8E4" box="[814,884,1833,1856]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="varius">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C463327B329A30DA042F8E4" box="[814,884,1833,1856]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">varius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
MD#675, 417 and the yellow-banded taxon
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C463327B090A368A254F8C0" box="[151,354,1868,1893]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C463327B090A368A210F8C1" box="[151,294,1868,1893]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" sensu="stricto" species="himalayanus">himalayanus</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A240B72B7C463327B12AA369A254F8C0" box="[301,354,1869,1892]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" sensu="stricto">s. str</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
. MD#316).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C463327B0C0A34BA675F809" blockId="43.[151,1437,463,2037]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||
Males (known only for the white-banded taxon
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C463327B2DEA355A029F82C" box="[729,799,1905,1928]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="varius">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C463327B2DEA355A029F82C" box="[729,799,1905,1928]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">varius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) usually have the hair of T3‒7 orange at least in part, but occasionally the hair of T3‒7 predominantly black (MD#426) or (as visible in photographs) entirely black.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C463320B0C0A39CA168FC6C" blockId="43.[151,1437,463,2037]" lastBlockId="44.[151,1437,151,1365]" lastPageId="44" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C463327B0C0A39CA2EFF875" bold="true" box="[199,473,1976,2001]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Diagnostic description.</emphasis>
|
||
Wings nearly clear (
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C463327B2C3A39CA0BBF875" box="[708,909,1976,2001]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
|
||
cf.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C463327B2E0A39DA0BBF875" box="[743,909,1976,2001]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="avinoviellus">B. avinoviellus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C463327B3A2A39CA7D7F874" box="[933,1249,1976,2001]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Female hair colour pattern:</emphasis>
|
||
generally black, but with pale hair (yellow and/or grey-white) varying from completely absent from the head to covering most of the face but with at most only a few pale hairs on the anterior vertex of the head, in a transverse band anteriorly on the thoracic dorsum and extending laterally and ventrally to just below the wing base (occasionally much intermixed with black hairs and almost absent), or as white hair to half way down the side of the thorax, or to all of the way to the midleg base, often but not always in a transverse band posteriorly on the thoracic dorsum (scutellum; so the thoracic dorsum between the wing bases may have the hair entirely black, or rarely may have many pale hairs intermixed), on T1‒2 (T1 is more often yellow than T2 or the thoracic bands, so that individuals may have both yellow and white hair), T3 with orange hair as a posterior fringe and throughout T4‒6, T3 laterally with black hair that often extends onto T4 and even T5 laterally (
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C413320B302A5B0A0E7FE09" box="[773,977,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||
cf.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C413320B32EA5B1A0E7FE09" box="[809,977,404,429]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="avinoviellus">B. avinoviellus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
), T6 medially with black hair and often entirely black. Hindleg tibia with corbicular fringes usually black, but sometimes with a few hairs in the fringes orange-tipped or rarely more extensively pale-tipped.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C413320B311A5F8A731FE51" box="[790,1031,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Female morphology:</emphasis>
|
||
labrum with the basal depression narrow, the transverse ridge broader medially than the basal depression, in the median third subsiding only slightly with large punctures overflowing across it from the basal depression, the lateral tubercles laterally with scattered large and medium punctures (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133CCAC77C413320B1F7A663A172FDC4" box="[496,580,583,608]" captionStart="FIGURES 15 ‒ 23" captionStartId="25.[151,264,1852,1874]" captionTargetBox="[186,1380,193,1766]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[186,1380,193,1811]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURES 15 ‒ 23. Morphology of the female (queen) head from the ventral aspect (labrum and mandibles): 15, B. marussinus queen, Pakistan MD # 482; 16, B. avinoviellus queen, India MD # 598; 17, B. turkestanicus queen, Tajikistan MD # 320; 18, B. defector queen, Kyrgyzstan MD # 1080; 19, B. margreiteri queen, Mongolia MD # 319; 20, B. himalayanus queen, India MD # 453. Morphology of the female (queen) left hindleg tibia from the left lateral aspect, dorsal at the top of the image, anterior to the left: 21, B. defector, China MD # 1251; 22, B. margreiteri, Mongolia MD # 319; 23, B. turkestanicus, Kyrgyzstan MD # 324." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/192311/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
|
||
) (
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C413320B267A66CA018FDC4" box="[608,814,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||
cf.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C413320B282A66DA018FDC4" box="[645,814,583,608]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="avinoviellus">B. avinoviellus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
). Clypeus in its central half with scattered punctures, small punctures spaced sparsely by more than their own widths (
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C413320B36FA648A706FD21" box="[872,1072,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||
cf.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C413320B38DA649A706FD21" box="[906,1072,620,645]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="avinoviellus">B. avinoviellus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
), the anterior depressions with a narrow band of dense punctures that is only one or two punctures in breadth (
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C413320B46DA6B4A675FD0C" box="[1130,1347,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||
cf.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C413320B493A6B5A675FD0C" box="[1172,1347,655,680]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="avinoviellus">B. avinoviellus</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C413320B565A6ABA228FD69" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Male morphology</emphasis>
|
||
: genitalia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133CCAC77C413320B199A690A2C6FD68" box="[414,496,692,717]" captionStart="FIGURES 24 ‒ 35" captionStartId="26.[151,264,1867,1889]" captionTargetBox="[233,1387,193,1789]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[233,1390,193,1894]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURES 24 ‒ 35. Morphology of the male genitalia for species of the subgenus Mendacibombus from the dorsal aspect, anterior to the left of the image, posterior to the right: 24, B. superbus, China MD # 339; 25, B. waltoni, China MD # 216; 26, B. convexus, China MD # 215; 27, B. makarjini, Kazakhstan MD # 1240; 28, B. marussinus, Pakistan MD # 408; 29, B. avinoviellus, India MD # 404; 30, B. himalayanus, India MD # 426; 31, B. turkestanicus, China MD # 351; 32, B. defector, Kyrgyzstan MD # 367; 33, B. margreiteri, China MD # 294; 34, B. handlirschianus, Russia MD # 835; 35, B. mendax, Spain MD # 689." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/192312/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Fig. 30</figureCitation>
|
||
) with the volsella distally rounded (finger-shaped) and curled back dorsally but not anteriorly; volsella at its broadest near the midpoint of its length, the dorsal surface just distal to this point without a raised curved ridge just inside the inner margin; volsella with the apex broad, broader than the adjacent penisvalve head, but with the apex narrowly produced and finger-like. Gonostylus from the dorsal aspect rectangular, with a distinct outer distal corner. Penis-valve inner shoulder located at Ĺ 0.5× the length of the penis valve from the distal end to the broadest point of the spatha; penis valve proximal to the outer shoulder <2× as broad as the penis-valve head; penis-valve breadth just proximal to the penis-valve head 0.11× the length of the penis valve distal to the broadest point of the spatha.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31D85C97C413320B0C0A7F0A6A2FAA8" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C413320B0C0A7F0A0D0FBB4" blockId="44.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C413320B0C0A7F0A286FC49" bold="true" box="[199,432,980,1005]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
16 queens
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D011DCB7C413320B22AA7F0A19FFC49" box="[557,681,980,1005]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="worker">72 workers</specimenCount>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D011DCB7C413320B2B7A7F0A03EFC49" box="[688,776,980,1005]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="male">9 males</specimenCount>
|
||
, from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31096D27C413320B357A7F0A0BFFC49" box="[848,905,980,1005]" name="India" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F31096D27C413320B3B8A7F0A728FC49" box="[959,1054,980,1005]" name="Pakistan" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="133CCAC77C413320B42AA7F0A7B6FC49" box="[1069,1152,980,1005]" captionStart="FIGURES 56 ‒ 67" captionStartId="35.[151,264,1891,1913]" captionTargetBox="[320,1245,193,1835]" captionTargetId="figure@35.[320,1245,193,1843]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURES 56 ‒ 67. Maps of the global distributions of species of the subgenus Mendacibombus from the material examined, with grey spots for specimen records and black spots for the samples with COI sequences (each species is unknown from regions outside the map boundaries shown); grey crosses for records of all species of Mendacibombus combined. Relief map with hill shading, Cartesian orthonormal projection, grey lines show borders to national administration according to UN maps, north at the top of the map. Image created in ArcGIS using World _ Shaded _ Relief basemap © 2014 Esri." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/192315/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Fig. 62</figureCitation>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED164E877C413320B48CA7F1A7F9FC48" box="[1163,1231,981,1004]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14908" name="University of Nottingham" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">NHM</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED164E877C413320B4DEA7F0A624FC48" box="[1241,1298,980,1004]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">OLL</collectionCode>
|
||
, PW,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED164E877C413320B555A7F0A6A6FC48" box="[1362,1424,980,1004]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/vmfx-g997" name="Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">ZISP</collectionCode>
|
||
), with
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D011DCB7C413320B0D7A7DCA26FFBB4" box="[208,345,1015,1040]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="generic">3 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
sequenced (interpretable sequences listed in
|
||
<figureCitation id="133CCAC77C413320B354A7D3A0EFFBB4" box="[851,985,1015,1040]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 11 ‒ 12" captionStart-1="FIGURE 13" captionStartId-0="15.[151,264,1630,1652]" captionStartId-1="16.[151,250,1733,1755]" captionTargetBox-0="[300,1121,202,1610]" captionTargetBox-1="[314,1260,194,1721]" captionTargetId-0="figure@15.[292,1266,193,1625]" captionTargetId-1="figure@16.[314,1261,193,1722]" captionTargetPageId-0="15" captionTargetPageId-1="16" captionText-0="FIGURES 11 ‒ 12. Recognising species from an estimate of phylogeny for 30 unique COI haplotypes of the subgenus Mendacibombus by BEAST, using GMYC models and the PTP procedure. From the GMYC models (11), the single threshold T is shown by the vertical grey bar so that the intersecting lineages are interpreted as indicating 12 separate species (black spots at coalescent nodes; outgroups not shown). Values below the nodes of the maximum clade-credibility tree are Bayesian posterior probabilities showing branch support (groups with values <0.8 are considered unreliable) from the BEAST analysis with two billion MCMC generations and a 1 % burn-in. The x - scale axis is calibrated in substitutions per nucleotide site. From the PTP procedure (12), the Bayesian PTP solution with highest support also indicates 12 species. Values above the nodes are PTP Bayesian support values that all daughter haplotypes are parts of a single species; values below the nodes are Bayesian posterior probabilities showing branch support. The scale bar is calibrated in substitutions per nucleotide site. Each unique haplotype is represented by one of the longest available sample sequences, labelled with: the sequence length in number of base pairs, a taxon name or name for an unpublished colour pattern (light / dark / yellow / white / pale), and then a code that consists of a specimen identifier (MD #) from the project database and (after the hyphen) a sample identifier from BOLD or from GenBank, followed with its geographic origin." captionText-1="FIGURE 13. Assigning names to species from an estimate of phylogeny for 130 COI sequences of the subgenus Mendacibombus. Based on a BEAST analysis of the 30 unique haplotypes (Fig. 11), with the remaining sequences interpolated back into the tree with 0 branch lengths from their matching samples (where a sequence matches more than one longer sequence within a species in the Collapse results, it is added after the first matching sequence, with the addition of the two short-sequence yellow unbanded specimens from Pakistan, MD # 4058, 4059). The sequence labels follow the format used in Figs 11, 12. Lineages accepted as species from the GMYC models (Fig. 11) are shown as thick branches, the most recent common ancestors of each species are shown with a black spot, and branches within species are shown as thin branches. Asterisks mark samples used as informal proxies for the type specimens of each of the taxon names (Table 1). The proxy sample for the type specimen for the oldest available name (the valid name) for each species (from Fig. 11) is marked in bold. The interpretations of the species with their valid names are shown in grey to the right." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/192308/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/192309/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Figs. 11–13</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C413320B0C0A038A6A2FAA8" blockId="44.[151,1437,151,1365]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C413320B0C0A038A2C4FB91" bold="true" box="[199,498,1052,1077]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Habitat and distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Flower-rich alpine grassland, at elevations 2077‒(3307)‒
|
||
<quantity id="4CFF7BA77C413320B473A038A7FDFB90" box="[1140,1227,1052,1076]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.8" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="m" value="4800.0">4800 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l.. A species of the Karakorum and west Himalayan mountains. Compared to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C413320B35AA065A730FBFC" box="[861,1030,1087,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="avinoviellus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C413320B35AA065A730FBFC" box="[861,1030,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">B. avinoviellus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C413320B4EBA065A6AAFBFC" box="[1260,1436,1087,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="himalayanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C413320B4EBA065A6AAFBFC" box="[1260,1436,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">B. himalayanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
extends slightly further to the north but less far to the east and it tends to occur at higher elevation (and the two species rarely occur together at precisely the same site). There is some overlap with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C413320B4A4A0ADA67FFB04" box="[1187,1353,1161,1184]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marussinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C413320B4A4A0ADA67FFB04" box="[1187,1353,1161,1184]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">B. marussinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the northwestern Karakorum, but the two species seldom occur together.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C413320B3A1A088A7A1FB61" box="[934,1175,1196,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="himalayanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C413320B3A1A088A7A1FB61" box="[934,1175,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Bombus himalayanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
replaces the eastern
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C413320B583A089A3DDFB4C" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="waltoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C413320B583A089A3DDFB4C" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">B. waltoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the higher wet alpine zone of the western Himalaya. A regional distribution map is available for Kashmir (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C413320B100A0D0A2D0FAA8" author="Williams" box="[263,486,1268,1293]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" refString="Williams, P. H. (1991) The bumble bees of the Kashmir Himalaya (Hymenoptera: Apidae, Bombini). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) (Entomology), 60, 1 - 204." type="journal article" year="1991">P.H. Williams 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The yellow-banded taxon
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C413320B319A0D0A0D9FAA8" box="[798,1007,1268,1293]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07ADC17C413320B319A0D0A09BFAA9" box="[798,941,1268,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Bombus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" sensu="stricto" species="himalayanus">himalayanus</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A240B72B7C413320B3B3A0D1A0D9FAA8" box="[948,1007,1269,1292]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" sensu="stricto">s. str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
from Ladakh appears to be very rare.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31D85C97C413320B0C0A133A08FFAF0" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C413320B0C0A133A114FA94" blockId="44.[151,1437,151,1365]" box="[199,546,1303,1328]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C413320B0C0A133A26BFA94" bold="true" box="[199,349,1303,1328]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Food-plants.</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C413320B163A133A129FA94" author="Williams" box="[356,543,1303,1328]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" refString="Williams, P. H. (1991) The bumble bees of the Kashmir Himalaya (Hymenoptera: Apidae, Bombini). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) (Entomology), 60, 1 - 204." type="journal article" year="1991">Williams (1991)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8D6427C413320B0C0A118A08FFAF0" blockId="44.[151,1437,151,1365]" box="[199,953,1340,1365]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9730A507C413320B0C0A118A27EFAF1" bold="true" box="[199,328,1340,1365]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Behaviour.</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96ABB37C413320B148A118A13FFAF0" author="Williams" box="[335,521,1340,1365]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" refString="Williams, P. H. (1991) The bumble bees of the Kashmir Himalaya (Hymenoptera: Apidae, Bombini). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) (Entomology), 60, 1 - 204." type="journal article" year="1991">Williams (1991)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, mate-searching male shown in
|
||
<figureCitation id="133CCAC77C413320B377A118A08FFAF0" box="[880,953,1340,1365]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 1 ‒ 6" captionStart-1="FIGURE 7" captionStart-2="FIGURE 8" captionStartId-0="5.[151,264,1819,1841]" captionStartId-1="12.[151,250,1076,1098]" captionStartId-2="12.[151,250,1878,1900]" captionTargetBox-0="[168,1389,193,1768]" captionTargetBox-1="[351,1242,393,1045]" captionTargetBox-2="[351,1241,1197,1853]" captionTargetId-0="figure@5.[168,1412,193,1784]" captionTargetId-1="figure@12.[340,1247,375,1054]" captionTargetId-2="figure@12.[340,1247,1179,1857]" captionTargetPageId-0="5" captionTargetPageId-1="12" captionTargetPageId-2="12" captionText-0="FIGURES 1 ‒ 6. Views of perching males of species of the subgenus Mendacibombus, showing the anteriorly extended antennae and laterally extended wings that are characteristic of their form of male mate-searching behaviour: 1, B. waltoni at Diebu ca 3910 m, Minshan mountains, Gansu, China, 29. viii. 2009; 2, B. convexus at Diebu ca 3340 m, Minshan mountains, Gansu, China, 29. viii. 2009; 3, B. avinoviellus at Gulmarg ca 2700 m, Pir Panjal mountains, Kashmir, India, 16. viii. 1985; 4, B. himalayanus at Apharwat ca 4100 m, Pir Panjal mountains, Kashmir, India, 30. viii. 1986; 5 ‒ 6, B. margreiteri near Dulan ca 3520 m, Burhan Budai mountains, Qinghai, China, 31. viii. 2010. Photos by PW (Figs 3 – 4 are the best available for these species)." captionText-1="FIGURE 7. Frequency of specimen collection by decade among specimens examined for species of the subgenus Mendacibombus excluding B. mendax and B. handlirschianus." captionText-2="FIGURE 8. Plot of (y axis) terminal branch lengths from a tree for 43 unique COI haplotypes obtained with BEAST against (x axis) lengths of the barcode sequences in numbers of nucleotides." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/192303/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/192304/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/192305/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Fig. 4.</figureCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |