250 lines
35 KiB
XML
250 lines
35 KiB
XML
<document id="6F96228E64807ACB660D1F1962645F6D" ID-CLB-Dataset="56577" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5318.3.4" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0a1eebb1-ceb1-4546-b217-c143cc076b4c" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8166946" ID-ZooBank="6CFEC285-1E75-4061-997B-855E799A432A" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1689835113916" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ekins, Merrick, Baker, Soraya & Hooper, John N. A." docDate="2023" docId="03AE0A149C53B235FF3B6884FCB89FBC" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5318.3.4.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5318 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5318.3.4" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Hamacantha (Vomerula) levii Ekins & Baker & Hooper 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="0E2DE6B9-93E3-4595-884D-BE0B1B5B131D" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="397" masterDocId="FF97726C9C5EB23AFFAC6C77FFCE9D71" masterDocTitle="First records of Hamacantha species from seamounts off eastern Australia (Porifera, Demospongiae, Merliida), with description of four new species" masterLastPageNumber="400" masterPageNumber="382" pageNumber="395" updateTime="1699544501723" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="26C153C8FBC1EEB7C2F168DCD7029164">First records of Hamacantha species from seamounts off eastern Australia (Porifera, Demospongiae, Merliida), with description of four new species</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="E864F9767E340EB9E5C8F726207A043A" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="C3B7D495C5942EDFE246A4016E49D119">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="39F6FBE86D0D4C784991621792F7724D">Ekins, Merrick</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="14379B8F7484025AA9C305DB02B3E2DC">Queensland Museum, PO Box 3300, South Brisbane 4101, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia & School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, 4072 Australia & Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane 4111, Queensland, Australia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm id="3EF9098976AB7B28ADD28D433522A8CE">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="6EE5B35AADA3FE1082083FEF36779082">Baker, Soraya</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="3CAC900AD94B252B8ECFA14EDE8D064E">Queensland Museum, PO Box 3300, South Brisbane 4101, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="BB27A31DCE96A7143EA38FE1AEB155BE">Hooper, John N. A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="94CEB0EF5A66A692AFAB564EFE042FD8">Queensland Museum, PO Box 3300, South Brisbane 4101, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia & Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane 4111, Queensland, Australia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="9093E908DB362D3BA9DD25258A998F52">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="2422DDE7443B6A1AF487EA3825EFD438">2023</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03AE0A149C53B235FF3B6884FCB89FBC" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8166968" ID-GBIF-Taxon="212417593" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8166968" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:0E2DE6B9-93E3-4595-884D-BE0B1B5B131D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AE0A149C53B235FF3B6884FCB89FBC" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="397" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">
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<subSubSection id="C31DE8899C53B237FF3B6884FCF4987F" box="[151,826,1267,1294]" pageId="13" pageNumber="395" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BB8BB029C53B237FF3B6884FCF4987F" blockId="13.[151,971,1267,1366]" box="[151,826,1267,1294]" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">
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<heading id="D0F00C6E9C53B237FF3B6884FCF4987F" bold="true" box="[151,826,1267,1294]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="395" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B97367109C53B237FF3B6884FCF4987F" bold="true" box="[151,826,1267,1294]" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">
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<taxonomicName id="4C07C0819C53B237FF3B6884FDCE987F" ID-CoL="26d308e1-8327-4acc-8a44-5e7391267809" authority="Ekins & Baker & Hooper, 2023" authorityName="Ekins & Baker & Hooper" authorityYear="2023" box="[151,512,1267,1294]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hamacanthidae" genus="Hamacantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Merliida" pageId="13" pageNumber="395" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="levii" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Vomerula">
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<emphasis id="B97367109C53B237FF3B6884FDCE987F" bold="true" box="[151,512,1267,1294]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">Hamacantha (Vomerula) levii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A240DA6B9C53B237FDAB6883FDAA987F" box="[519,612,1268,1294]" pageId="13" pageNumber="395" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Ekins & Hooper
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31DE8899C53B237FF3B6960FC059827" pageId="13" pageNumber="395" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BB8BB029C53B237FF3B6960FE979843" blockId="13.[151,971,1267,1366]" box="[151,345,1303,1330]" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">
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<figureCitation id="133CA7879C53B237FF3B6960FF129843" box="[151,220,1303,1330]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1017,1041]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,994]" captionTargetId="figure-20@2.[151,1436,181,994]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Sampling sites of Hamacantha species described in this study." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8166950" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8166950/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">Figs 1</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="133CA7879C53B237FF466960FF349840" box="[234,250,1303,1329]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[270,1317,181,1886]" captionTargetId="figure-20@14.[270,1317,181,1886]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 6. Hamacantha (Vomerula) levii sp. nov. A. Holotype QM G339187 fixed on the stem of a dead Keratoisis. B. Closeup of the fixed sponge. C. Lower level of the ectosome showing the folding, where the old supporting bundles of styles have fallen. D. Lower surface of the ectosome showing the tangential ectosomal styles and the embedded diancistras. E. Large diancistras (I). F. Intermediate diancistras (II). G. Small diancistras (III). H. Style. I. Magnified ends of the style depicted in H." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8166964" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8166964/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">6</figureCitation>
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,
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<tableCitation id="C6858EB99C53B237FEAA6960FE979843" box="[262,345,1303,1330]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="7.[151,239,503,529]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="TABLE 2. Comparison of the known Hamacantha (Vomerula) species. Measurements are Minimum-(Average)-Maximum of the spicules (μm)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF78EB8A9C59B23DFF3B6D80F9579F60" pageId="13" pageNumber="395" tableUuid="DF78EB8A9C59B23DFF3B6D80F9579F60">Table 2</tableCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BB8BB029C53B237FF3B694CFC059827" blockId="13.[151,971,1267,1366]" box="[151,971,1339,1366]" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">
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<uri id="FF96B7009C53B237FF3B694CFC059827" box="[151,971,1339,1366]" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C31DE8899C53B237FF3B690AFE0698AE" pageId="13" pageNumber="395" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BB8BB029C53B237FF3B690AFE0698AE" blockId="13.[151,1437,1405,1935]" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">
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<emphasis id="B97367109C53B237FF3B690AFE4998E6" bold="true" box="[151,391,1405,1431]" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">Material examined:</emphasis>
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<typeStatus id="54BC05A09C53B237FE3D690AFE3098E6" box="[401,510,1405,1431]" pageId="13" pageNumber="395" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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:
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<collectionCode id="ED1623C79C53B237FDA0690AFDF798E6" box="[524,569,1405,1431]" country="Australia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35019" name="Queensland Museum" pageId="13" pageNumber="395" type="Museum">QM</collectionCode>
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||
G339187, Mellish Seamount, Coral Sea,
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||
<collectingRegion id="49C375E09C53B237FB88690AFB6598E6" box="[1060,1195,1405,1431]" country="Australia" name="Queensland" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">Queensland</collectingRegion>
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,
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||
<collectingCountry id="F310FB929C53B237FB14690AFAEC98E6" box="[1208,1314,1405,1431]" name="Australia" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">Australia</collectingCountry>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE33DDC59C53B237FA9D690AFA5698E9" box="[1329,1432,1405,1432]" degrees="17.4895" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="395" precision="5" value="-17.4895">-17.4895</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE33DDC59C53B237FF3B69D6FEDF98CD" box="[151,273,1441,1468]" degrees="155.88233" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="395" precision="1" value="155.88232">155.88233</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<quantity id="4CFF16E79C53B237FE8D69D6FEA198CA" box="[289,367,1441,1467]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.83" pageId="13" pageNumber="395" unit="m" value="983.0">983 m</quantity>
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, Rock dredge,
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C07C0819C53B237FD8A69D5FD5798CA" authorityName="Wright" authorityYear="1869" box="[550,665,1442,1467]" class="Anthozoa" family="Keratoisididae" genus="Keratoisis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="13" pageNumber="395" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B97367109C53B237FD8A69D5FD5798CA" box="[550,665,1442,1467]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">Keratoisis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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habitat, Station 14, IN2019_
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<collectionCode id="ED1623C79C53B237FC5969D6FBC798CA" box="[1013,1033,1441,1467]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="13" pageNumber="395" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
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04, iv50, Coll. J. Horowitz on
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||
<collectionCode id="ED1623C79C53B237FAD469D6FA5298CA" box="[1400,1436,1441,1467]" country="Italy" name="Collection of Leptospira Strains" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">RV</collectionCode>
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<taxonomicName id="4C07C0819C53B237FF3B69B1FED098AE" authorityName="IN" authorityYear="2019" box="[151,286,1478,1503]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Nemichthyidae" genus="Investigator" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anguilliformes" pageId="13" pageNumber="395" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B97367109C53B237FF3B69B1FED098AE" box="[151,286,1478,1503]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">Investigator</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
,
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||
<date id="FFB99DC29C53B237FE8069B2FE0A98AE" box="[300,452,1477,1503]" pageId="13" pageNumber="395" value="2019-08-14">14/VIII/2019</date>
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||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31DE8899C53B237FF6B699EFA5D9B72" box="[199,1427,1512,1539]" pageId="13" pageNumber="395" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="8BB8BB029C53B237FF6B699EFA5D9B72" blockId="13.[151,1437,1405,1935]" box="[199,1427,1512,1539]" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">
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||
<emphasis id="B97367109C53B237FF6B699EFE869B72" bold="true" box="[199,328,1513,1539]" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
: Named for Claude L
|
||
<emphasis id="B97367109C53B237FD92699FFD849B72" bold="true" box="[574,586,1512,1539]" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">é</emphasis>
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||
vi, who described many deep-water sponge species from the South Pacific.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection id="C31DE8899C53B235FF6B6A7AFB019C84" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="397" pageId="13" pageNumber="395" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BB8BB029C53B237FF6B6A7AFB389A52" blockId="13.[151,1437,1405,1935]" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">
|
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<emphasis id="B97367109C53B237FF6B6A7AFE9F9B56" bold="true" box="[199,337,1549,1575]" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">Description</emphasis>
|
||
: The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54BC05A09C53B237FE396A7AFE399B56" box="[405,503,1549,1575]" pageId="13" pageNumber="395" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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||
is a round, thin specimen
|
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<quantity id="4CFF16E79C53B237FC896A7AFCBB9B56" box="[805,885,1549,1575]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="13" pageNumber="395" unit="mm" value="12.0">12 mm</quantity>
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||
in diameter at its widest (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133CA7879C53B237FB316A7AFAEE9B56" box="[1181,1312,1549,1575]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[270,1317,181,1886]" captionTargetId="figure-20@14.[270,1317,181,1886]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 6. Hamacantha (Vomerula) levii sp. nov. A. Holotype QM G339187 fixed on the stem of a dead Keratoisis. B. Closeup of the fixed sponge. C. Lower level of the ectosome showing the folding, where the old supporting bundles of styles have fallen. D. Lower surface of the ectosome showing the tangential ectosomal styles and the embedded diancistras. E. Large diancistras (I). F. Intermediate diancistras (II). G. Small diancistras (III). H. Style. I. Magnified ends of the style depicted in H." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8166964" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8166964/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">Fig. 6 A, B</figureCitation>
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||
). It is only
|
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<quantity id="4CFF16E79C53B237FF3B6A46FF149B3A" box="[151,218,1585,1611]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="395" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
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||
in height and encrusting on the base of the stem of a dead
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07C0819C53B237FC296A45FBEF9B3A" box="[901,1057,1585,1611]" class="Anthozoa" family="Keratoisididae" genus="Keratoisis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="13" pageNumber="395" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
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<emphasis id="B97367109C53B237FC296A45FC369B3A" box="[901,1016,1586,1611]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">Keratoisis</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
It has a rough surface due to the protruding tangential styles. The preserved sponge has folds on the upper surface (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133CA7879C53B237FBF66A22FB7B9B1E" box="[1114,1205,1621,1647]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[270,1317,181,1886]" captionTargetId="figure-20@14.[270,1317,181,1886]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 6. Hamacantha (Vomerula) levii sp. nov. A. Holotype QM G339187 fixed on the stem of a dead Keratoisis. B. Closeup of the fixed sponge. C. Lower level of the ectosome showing the folding, where the old supporting bundles of styles have fallen. D. Lower surface of the ectosome showing the tangential ectosomal styles and the embedded diancistras. E. Large diancistras (I). F. Intermediate diancistras (II). G. Small diancistras (III). H. Style. I. Magnified ends of the style depicted in H." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8166964" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8166964/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">Fig. 6B</figureCitation>
|
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), most likely as the sponge was of a greater height underwater (possibly
|
||
<quantity id="4CFF16E79C53B237FD5D6A0EFC819BE2" box="[753,847,1657,1683]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="395" unit="mm" value="3.0" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="2.0">2–4 mm</quantity>
|
||
in height) that collapsed once out of the water. The sponge has no apparent oscula, although it is possible there were oscules terminal in what could be conules of several millimetres in height, but these may have been destroyed in collection by the rock dredge. As is usual with this genus there are numerous scattered ostia
|
||
<quantity id="4CFF16E79C53B237FD0C6A92FD369B8E" box="[672,760,1765,1792]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="395" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter, that are obvious on the surface (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133CA7879C53B237FAAD6A92FA959B8E" box="[1281,1371,1765,1791]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[270,1317,181,1886]" captionTargetId="figure-20@14.[270,1317,181,1886]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 6. Hamacantha (Vomerula) levii sp. nov. A. Holotype QM G339187 fixed on the stem of a dead Keratoisis. B. Closeup of the fixed sponge. C. Lower level of the ectosome showing the folding, where the old supporting bundles of styles have fallen. D. Lower surface of the ectosome showing the tangential ectosomal styles and the embedded diancistras. E. Large diancistras (I). F. Intermediate diancistras (II). G. Small diancistras (III). H. Style. I. Magnified ends of the style depicted in H." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8166964" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8166964/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">Fig. 6C</figureCitation>
|
||
). The sponge is white on deck and in preservative, although highly translucent when preserved in ethanol.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8BB029C53B237FF6B6B5AFC739AFE" blockId="13.[151,1437,1405,1935]" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97367109C53B237FF6B6B5AFEE09A36" bold="true" box="[199,302,1837,1863]" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">Skeleton</emphasis>
|
||
: The ectosomal skeleton consists of a tangential layer of styles, often surrounding the apparently randomly scattered ostia of
|
||
<quantity id="4CFF16E79C53B237FE776B26FDAB9A1A" box="[475,613,1873,1900]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="395" unit="mm" value="0.4" valueMax="0.5" valueMin="0.3">0.3–0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133CA7879C53B237FCAF6B26FCAF9A1A" box="[771,865,1873,1899]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[270,1317,181,1886]" captionTargetId="figure-20@14.[270,1317,181,1886]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 6. Hamacantha (Vomerula) levii sp. nov. A. Holotype QM G339187 fixed on the stem of a dead Keratoisis. B. Closeup of the fixed sponge. C. Lower level of the ectosome showing the folding, where the old supporting bundles of styles have fallen. D. Lower surface of the ectosome showing the tangential ectosomal styles and the embedded diancistras. E. Large diancistras (I). F. Intermediate diancistras (II). G. Small diancistras (III). H. Style. I. Magnified ends of the style depicted in H." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8166964" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8166964/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="395">Fig. 6D</figureCitation>
|
||
). The choanosomal skeleton was not obvious but consisted of the usual supporting bundles of styles typical for this genus
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF78EB8A9C50B234FF3B6B02FA549A88" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8166964" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8166964" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8166964/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="396" startId="14.[151,250,1909,1933]" targetBox="[270,1317,181,1886]" targetPageId="14" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8BB029C50B234FF3B6B02FA549A88" blockId="14.[151,1437,1909,2042]" pageId="14" pageNumber="396">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97367109C50B234FF3B6B02FED89AFC" bold="true" box="[151,278,1909,1933]" pageId="14" pageNumber="396">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07C0819C50B234FE8C6B01FD9A9AFF" authority="Ekins & Baker & Hooper, 2023" authorityName="Ekins & Baker & Hooper" authorityYear="2023" box="[288,596,1910,1934]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hamacanthidae" genus="Hamacantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Merliida" pageId="14" pageNumber="396" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="levii" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Vomerula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97367109C50B234FE8C6B01FD9A9AFF" box="[288,596,1910,1934]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="396">Hamacantha (Vomerula) levii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A240DA6B9C50B234FDF16B01FD7C9AFC" box="[605,690,1910,1934]" pageId="14" pageNumber="396" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97367109C50B234FDF16B01FD659AFF" bold="true" box="[605,683,1910,1934]" pageId="14" pageNumber="396">sp. nov</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
A. Holotype QM G339187 fixed on the stem of a dead
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07C0819C50B234FAA16B01FABB9AFC" authorityName="Wright" authorityYear="1869" box="[1293,1397,1910,1933]" class="Anthozoa" family="Keratoisididae" genus="Keratoisis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="14" pageNumber="396" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97367109C50B234FAA16B01FABB9AFC" box="[1293,1397,1910,1933]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="396">Keratoisis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. B. Closeup of the fixed sponge. C. Lower level of the ectosome showing the folding, where the old supporting bundles of styles have fallen. D. Lower surface of the ectosome showing the tangential ectosomal styles and the embedded diancistras. E. Large diancistras (I). F. Intermediate diancistras (II). G. Small diancistras (III). H. Style. I. Magnified ends of the style depicted in H.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8BB029C51B235FF6B6CE1FB019C84" blockId="15.[151,1437,150,717]" pageId="15" pageNumber="397">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97367109C51B235FF6B6CE1FEE79DC1" bold="true" box="[199,297,150,176]" pageId="15" pageNumber="397">Spicules</emphasis>
|
||
: The megascleres are styles, which are abundant, fusiform, straight, sharply pointed and thickest in the centre (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133CA7879C51B235FEB86CCCFE4A9DA4" box="[276,388,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[270,1317,181,1886]" captionTargetId="figure-20@14.[270,1317,181,1886]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 6. Hamacantha (Vomerula) levii sp. nov. A. Holotype QM G339187 fixed on the stem of a dead Keratoisis. B. Closeup of the fixed sponge. C. Lower level of the ectosome showing the folding, where the old supporting bundles of styles have fallen. D. Lower surface of the ectosome showing the tangential ectosomal styles and the embedded diancistras. E. Large diancistras (I). F. Intermediate diancistras (II). G. Small diancistras (III). H. Style. I. Magnified ends of the style depicted in H." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8166964" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8166964/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="397">Fig. 6H, I</figureCitation>
|
||
). The blunt end is much narrower than the middle and has a rounded style end. They measure 337–(410)–574 x 6.7–(10.4)–14.7 μm, n=29. The large diancistras (I) are not common, with the shaft twisted less than 45
|
||
<superScript id="7C72164A9C51B235FF476D74FF3D9C60" attach="none" box="[235,243,259,273]" fontSize="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="397">o</superScript>
|
||
, the thin sharp fimbriae run the entire length of the inner surface except around the notch (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133CA7879C51B235FB436D74FA889C6C" box="[1263,1350,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[270,1317,181,1886]" captionTargetId="figure-20@14.[270,1317,181,1886]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 6. Hamacantha (Vomerula) levii sp. nov. A. Holotype QM G339187 fixed on the stem of a dead Keratoisis. B. Closeup of the fixed sponge. C. Lower level of the ectosome showing the folding, where the old supporting bundles of styles have fallen. D. Lower surface of the ectosome showing the tangential ectosomal styles and the embedded diancistras. E. Large diancistras (I). F. Intermediate diancistras (II). G. Small diancistras (III). H. Style. I. Magnified ends of the style depicted in H." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8166964" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8166964/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="397">Fig. 6E</figureCitation>
|
||
). These measure 102–(108)–119 x 5.9–(8.3)–10.5 μm, n=12. The medium sized elongated diancistras (II) are common, with the shaft twisted greater than 90
|
||
<superScript id="7C72164A9C51B235FD916D3CFD8B9C28" attach="none" box="[573,581,331,345]" fontSize="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="397">o</superScript>
|
||
, and have large equal, almost touching elongated fimbriae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="133CA7879C51B235FB426D3CFA8B9C14" box="[1262,1349,331,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[270,1317,181,1886]" captionTargetId="figure-20@14.[270,1317,181,1886]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 6. Hamacantha (Vomerula) levii sp. nov. A. Holotype QM G339187 fixed on the stem of a dead Keratoisis. B. Closeup of the fixed sponge. C. Lower level of the ectosome showing the folding, where the old supporting bundles of styles have fallen. D. Lower surface of the ectosome showing the tangential ectosomal styles and the embedded diancistras. E. Large diancistras (I). F. Intermediate diancistras (II). G. Small diancistras (III). H. Style. I. Magnified ends of the style depicted in H." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8166964" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8166964/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="397">Fig. 6F</figureCitation>
|
||
). These are less than half the size of the diancistras (I), and measure 28.8–(46.6)–66.1 x 1.2–(2.1)–3.1 μm, n=42. The small diancistras (III) are not common, with the shaft twisted greater than 90
|
||
<superScript id="7C72164A9C51B235FBA16DE4FBDB9CD0" attach="left" box="[1037,1045,403,417]" fontSize="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="397">o</superScript>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="133CA7879C51B235FB8F6DE4FBB19CDC" box="[1059,1151,403,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1909,1933]" captionTargetBox="[270,1317,181,1886]" captionTargetId="figure-20@14.[270,1317,181,1886]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 6. Hamacantha (Vomerula) levii sp. nov. A. Holotype QM G339187 fixed on the stem of a dead Keratoisis. B. Closeup of the fixed sponge. C. Lower level of the ectosome showing the folding, where the old supporting bundles of styles have fallen. D. Lower surface of the ectosome showing the tangential ectosomal styles and the embedded diancistras. E. Large diancistras (I). F. Intermediate diancistras (II). G. Small diancistras (III). H. Style. I. Magnified ends of the style depicted in H." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8166964" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8166964/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="397">Fig. 6G</figureCitation>
|
||
). These have large equal alae with almost touching curvaceous fimbriae. These small diancistras are approximately half as smaller than the intermediate-sized diancistras (II) again, measuring 21.4–(23.6)–26.3 x 1.0–(1.3)–1.5 μm, n=10.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C31DE8899C51B235FF6B6D88FCB89FBC" pageId="15" pageNumber="397" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BB8BB029C51B235FF6B6D88FCB89FBC" blockId="15.[151,1437,150,717]" pageId="15" pageNumber="397">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97367109C51B235FF6B6D88FEFA9F68" bold="true" box="[199,308,511,537]" pageId="15" pageNumber="397">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07C0819C51B235FEE96D88FD8E9F68" authority="Ekins & Baker & Hooper, 2023" authorityName="Ekins & Baker & Hooper" authorityYear="2023" box="[325,576,511,537]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hamacanthidae" genus="Hamacantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Merliida" pageId="15" pageNumber="397" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="levii" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Vomerula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97367109C51B235FEE96D88FD8E9F68" box="[325,576,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="397">Hamacantha (V.) levii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B97367109C51B235FDE66D88FD689F68" bold="true" box="[586,678,511,537]" pageId="15" pageNumber="397">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A240DA6B9C51B235FDE66D88FD689F68" box="[586,678,511,537]" pageId="15" pageNumber="397" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
joins several of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07C0819C51B235FC3A6D88FB4F9F68" box="[918,1153,511,537]" pageId="15" pageNumber="397">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97367109C51B235FC3A6D88FBE99F68" box="[918,1063,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="397">Hamacantha</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with three different size classes of diancistras, some of which (e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07C0819C51B235FD2B6E54FBEC9F4C" authority="Lundbeck, 1902" authorityName="Lundbeck" authorityYear="1902" box="[647,1058,547,573]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hamacanthidae" genus="Hamacantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Merliida" pageId="15" pageNumber="397" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="bowerbanki" subGenus="Vomerula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97367109C51B235FD2B6E54FCAE9F4C" box="[647,864,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="397">H. (V.) bowerbanki</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96C6F39C51B235FCC66E54FBEC9F4C" author="Lundbeck, W." box="[874,1058,547,573]" pageId="15" pageNumber="397" pagination="1 - 108" refId="ref10065" refString="Lundbeck, W. (1902) Porifera. (Part I.) Homorrhaphidae and Heterorrhaphidae. In: The Danish Ingolf-Expedition. 6 (1). Bianco, Luno, Copenhagen, pp. 1 - 108, pls. I - XIX, 1 map." type="book chapter" year="1902">Lundbeck, 1902</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07C0819C51B235FBF26E54FF2C9F10" authority="(Bowerbank, 1874))" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Bowerbank" baseAuthorityYear="1874" class="Demospongiae" family="Hamacanthidae" genus="Hamacantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Merliida" pageId="15" pageNumber="397" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="falcula" subGenus="Vomerula">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97367109C51B235FBF26E54FACF9F4C" box="[1118,1281,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="397">H. (V.) falcula</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96C6F39C51B235FABE6E54FF1E9F10" author="Bowerbank, J. S." pageId="15" pageNumber="397" refId="ref8569" refString="Bowerbank, J. S. (1874) A Monograph of the British Spongiadae. Vol. 3. Ray Society, London, xvii + 367 pp., XCII pls. [https: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 1871265]" type="book" year="1874">Bowerbank, 1874</bibRefCitation>
|
||
))
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have toxas (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6858EB99C51B235FEC76E30FE0C9F10" box="[363,450,583,609]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="7.[151,239,503,529]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="TABLE 2. Comparison of the known Hamacantha (Vomerula) species. Measurements are Minimum-(Average)-Maximum of the spicules (μm)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF78EB8A9C59B23DFF3B6D80F9579F60" pageId="15" pageNumber="397" tableUuid="DF78EB8A9C59B23DFF3B6D80F9579F60">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
). This new species lacks toxas and in spicule composition is closest to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07C0819C51B235FB636E30FF1C9FF4" authority="Levi, 1993" authorityName="Levi" authorityYear="1993" class="Demospongiae" family="Hamacanthidae" genus="Hamacantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Merliida" pageId="15" pageNumber="397" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="atoxa" subGenus="Vomerua">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97367109C51B235FB636E30FA929F11" box="[1231,1372,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="397">H. (V.) atoxa</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EF96C6F39C51B235FACE6E30FF1C9FF4" author="Levi, C." pageId="15" pageNumber="397" pagination="9 - 87" refId="ref9936" refString="Levi, C. (1993) Porifera Demospongiae: Spongiaires bathyaux de Nouvelle-Caledonie, recoltes par le ' Jean Charcot'. Campagne BIOCAL, 1985. In: Crosnier, A. (Ed.), Resultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM 11. Memoires du Museum national d'Histoire, A (Zoologie), 158, pp. 9 - 87." type="journal article" year="1993">Lévi, 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but it differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07C0819C51B235FE096E1CFDFF9FF5" authorityName="Levi" authorityYear="1993" box="[421,561,619,645]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hamacanthidae" genus="Hamacantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Merliida" pageId="15" pageNumber="397" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="atoxa" subGenus="Vomerua">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97367109C51B235FE096E1CFDFF9FF5" box="[421,561,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="397">H. (V.) atoxa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in its colouration and the size difference and shape of the large diancistras. The smaller two size classes of diancistras are similar in dimensions to those of
|
||
<emphasis id="B97367109C51B235FC496EF8FBB59FD9" box="[997,1147,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="397">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07C0819C51B235FC496EF8FBB99FD9" authorityName="Levi" authorityYear="1993" box="[997,1143,655,681]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hamacanthidae" genus="Hamacantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Merliida" pageId="15" pageNumber="397" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="atoxa" subGenus="Vomerua">H. (V.) atoxa</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
but differ substantially in their shape and are twisted, which is not reported in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C07C0819C51B235FD4D6EC4FCA19FBD" authorityName="Levi" authorityYear="1993" box="[737,879,691,717]" class="Demospongiae" family="Hamacanthidae" genus="Hamacantha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Merliida" pageId="15" pageNumber="397" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="atoxa" subGenus="Vomerua">
|
||
<emphasis id="B97367109C51B235FD4D6EC4FCA19FBD" box="[737,879,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="397">H. (V.) atoxa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |