313 lines
68 KiB
XML
313 lines
68 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="59BD28C03856035B463422B3B2D05AAB">EULOPHIDAE OF COSTA RICA (HYMENOPTERA: CHALCIDOIDEA), 5: The genus Galeopsomyia Girault</mods:title>
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Genus
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Girault
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<emphasis id="B944BB1B575EFFF4FF70FEEEFE91523B" box="[181,312,287,311]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Trichaporus</emphasis>
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.
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species:
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<emphasis id="B944BB1B575EFFF4FD63FEEEFC3A523B" box="[678,915,287,311]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Euderus columbianus</emphasis>
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Ashmead
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(subsequent monotypy by
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). Placed on Official Index of Rejected and Invalid Generic Names in Zoology (
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).
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. Incorrect subsequent spelling of
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<emphasis id="B944BB1B575EFFF4FCAEFE8EFC45529B" box="[875,1004,383,407]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Trichaporus</emphasis>
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Förster. Placed
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on Official Index of Rejected and Invalid Generic Names in Zoology (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA11AF8575EFFF4FC1EFE6EFBC852BB" author="ICZN" box="[987,1121,415,439]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" pagination="285 - 286" refId="ref324411" refString="ICZN, 1985. Opinion 1351. Galeopsomyia Girault, 1916 (Insecta Hymenoptera): conserved. Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature, 42 (3): 285 - 286." type="journal article" year="1985">ICZN, 1985</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<treatmentCitation id="0A914118575EFFF4FF70FE4EFDBC52DB" author="Girault, A. A." box="[181,533,447,471]" page="348" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" year="1916">
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<taxonomicName id="4C301C8A575EFFF4FF70FE4EFDBC52DB" ID-CoL="62ST4" authority="Girault, 1916: 348" authorityName="Girault" authorityPageNumber="348" authorityYear="1916" box="[181,533,447,471]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Galeopsomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B944BB1B575EFFF4FF70FE4EFEE652DB" box="[181,335,447,471]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Galeopsomyia</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA11AF8575EFFF4FE90FE4EFDBC52DB" author="Girault, A. A." box="[341,533,447,471]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" pagination="348" refId="ref323174" refString="Girault, A. A. 1916. A new genus of Tetrastichini (chalcidoid Hymenoptera). Entomological News, 27: 348." type="journal article" year="1916">Girault, 1916:348</bibRefCitation>
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.
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species:
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<taxonomicName id="4C301C8A575EFFF4FD77FE4EFBE652DB" ID-CoL="3BZT9" authority="Ashmead (1888)" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1888" box="[690,1103,447,471]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Euderus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="columbianus">
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<emphasis id="B944BB1B575EFFF4FD77FE4EFC3052DB" box="[690,921,447,471]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Euderus columbianus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA11AF8575EFFF4FC58FE4EFBE652DB" author="Ashmead, W. H." box="[925,1103,447,471]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" pagination="101 - 107" refId="ref322225" refString="Ashmead, W. H. 1888. Descriptions of some new North American Chalcididae. III: Euderinae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea). Canadian Entomologist, 20 (6): 101 - 107." type="journal article" year="1888">Ashmead (1888)</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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[=
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<taxonomicName id="4C301C8A575EFFF4FBB7FE4EFE0552FB" authority="(Walker)" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1847" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Galeopsomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="haemon">
|
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<emphasis id="B944BB1B575EFFF4FBB7FE4EFEEB52FB" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">G. haemon</emphasis>
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(Walker)
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|
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], by original designation.
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<paragraph id="8B8F6709575EFFF4FF70FE0EFBF7513B" blockId="13.[181,1165,287,567]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">
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<treatmentCitation id="0A914118575EFFF4FF70FE0EFD9C511B" author="Girault, A. A." box="[181,565,511,535]" page="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" year="1917">
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<taxonomicName id="4C301C8A575EFFF4FF70FE0EFD9C511B" authority="Girault, 1917 a: 1" authorityName="Girault" authorityPageNumber="1" authorityYear="1917" box="[181,565,511,535]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Galeopsomopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
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<emphasis id="B944BB1B575EFFF4FF70FE0EFEC5511B" box="[181,364,511,535]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Galeopsomopsis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFA11AF8575EFFF4FEB2FE0EFD9C511B" author="Girault, A. A." box="[375,565,511,535]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" refId="ref323199" refString="Girault, A. A. 1917 a. Speciosissima genera nova eulophidorum, 4 pp, Private publication, Washington." type="book" year="1917">Girault, 1917a:1</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<typeStatus id="548BD9AB575EFFF4FD86FE0EFDD3511B" box="[579,634,511,535]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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<treatmentCitation id="0A914118575EFFF4FD22FE0EFEF1513B" author="Girault, A. A." page=")" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" year="1917">
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<taxonomicName id="4C301C8A575EFFF4FD22FE0EFEF1513B" authority="Girault (1917 a: 1)" authorityName="Girault. La" authorityPageNumber="1" authorityYear="1917" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Galeopsomopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="multisulcata">
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<emphasis id="B944BB1B575EFFF4FD22FE0EFB9B511B" box="[743,1074,511,535]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Galeopsomopsis multisulcata</emphasis>
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|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, by original designation. Synonymized by
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A914118575EFFF4FCE4FDEEFBF3513B" author="LaSalle, J. & Schauff, M. E." box="[801,1114,543,567]" page="29" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" year="1992">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA11AF8575EFFF4FCE4FDEEFBF3513B" author="LaSalle, J. & Schauff, M. E." box="[801,1114,543,567]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" pagination="1 - 47" refId="ref324696" refString="LaSalle, J. & Schauff, M. E. 1992. Preliminary studies on neotropical Eulophidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea): Ashmead, Cameron, Howard and Walker species. Contributions of the American Entomological Institute, 27 (1): 1 - 47." type="journal article" year="1992">LaSalle & Schauff (1992:29)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C32A3482575EFFF4FF70FDAEFEF7571B" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8F6709575EFFF4FF70FDAEFEFB503B" blockId="13.[181,1165,607,1047]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944BB1B575EFFF4FF70FDAEFE83517B" bold="true" box="[181,298,607,631]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
Body strongly sclerotized, gaster not collapsing in dried specimens, all gastral tergites at least partly reticulate, usually strongly so. Head with a subocular fovea that is usually reticulate at the bottom (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130B7B8C575EFFF4FE79FD6EFD9051BB" box="[444,569,671,695]" captionStart="Figs 15–22" captionStartId="502.[181,228,1518,1542]" captionTargetBox="[181,1163,223,1513]" captionTargetId="figure-9@502.[181,1163,223,1515]" captionTargetPageId="502" captionText="Figs 15–22. Galeopsomyia spp., ♀. 15–17. Head lateral view – (15) G. seminarum; (16) G. noyesi (arrow pointing at short genal carina); (17) G. graciliclava (arrow pointing at long genal carina). 18–19. Fore coxa lateral view – (18) G. myrsineae (arrow pointing at carina along anterior margin); (19) G. alas (arrow pointing at carina along posterior margin). 20–21. Hind coxa lateral view – (20) G. noyesi; (21) G. aliosa (arrow pointing at carina along posterior margin). 22. G. carinifer, dorsellum (arrow pointing at median carina)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10105254" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10105254/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Figs 15–17</figureCitation>
|
||
). Propodeum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130B7B8C575EFFF4FD12FD6EFC8C51BB" box="[727,805,671,695]" captionStart="Figs 15–22" captionStartId="502.[181,228,1518,1542]" captionTargetBox="[181,1163,223,1513]" captionTargetId="figure-9@502.[181,1163,223,1515]" captionTargetPageId="502" captionText="Figs 15–22. Galeopsomyia spp., ♀. 15–17. Head lateral view – (15) G. seminarum; (16) G. noyesi (arrow pointing at short genal carina); (17) G. graciliclava (arrow pointing at long genal carina). 18–19. Fore coxa lateral view – (18) G. myrsineae (arrow pointing at carina along anterior margin); (19) G. alas (arrow pointing at carina along posterior margin). 20–21. Hind coxa lateral view – (20) G. noyesi; (21) G. aliosa (arrow pointing at carina along posterior margin). 22. G. carinifer, dorsellum (arrow pointing at median carina)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10105254" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10105254/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
|
||
) with a strong median carina and with strong paraspiracular carinae, also with 1–2 transverse carinae on either side of median carina, one close to posterior margin (always present) and one in the middle (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130B7B8C575EFFF4FBC7FD2EFBF851FB" box="[1026,1105,735,759]" captionStart="Figs 15–22" captionStartId="502.[181,228,1518,1542]" captionTargetBox="[181,1163,223,1513]" captionTargetId="figure-9@502.[181,1163,223,1515]" captionTargetPageId="502" captionText="Figs 15–22. Galeopsomyia spp., ♀. 15–17. Head lateral view – (15) G. seminarum; (16) G. noyesi (arrow pointing at short genal carina); (17) G. graciliclava (arrow pointing at long genal carina). 18–19. Fore coxa lateral view – (18) G. myrsineae (arrow pointing at carina along anterior margin); (19) G. alas (arrow pointing at carina along posterior margin). 20–21. Hind coxa lateral view – (20) G. noyesi; (21) G. aliosa (arrow pointing at carina along posterior margin). 22. G. carinifer, dorsellum (arrow pointing at median carina)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10105254" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10105254/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
|
||
) (not present in all species). Female gaster short ovate to very elongate, 1.1–4.6× as long as wide in dorsal view.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8F6709575EFFF4FF2BFCCEFEF7571B" blockId="13.[181,1165,607,1047]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">
|
||
All species included here have a unique set of features on the face below the toruli and eye (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130B7B8C575EFFF4FF2FFCAEFEC1507B" box="[234,360,863,887]" captionStart="Figs 29–34" captionStartId="504.[183,230,1573,1597]" captionTargetBox="[181,1163,223,1561]" captionTargetId="figure-9@504.[181,1163,223,1561]" captionTargetPageId="504" captionText="Figs 29–34. Galeopsomyia multisulcata ♀, head with white areas (1–3) and swelling below eye (4) indicated – (29–30) frontal view; (31–32) fronto-lateral view; (33) head treated with KOH frontal view; (34) close-up of part with white areas and swelling." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10105258" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10105258/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Figs 29–34</figureCitation>
|
||
). These features include three white areas (1–3) on dried specimens, and a swelling below the eye (4). The white areas are possibly membranes. When the head is treated with 10% KOH, to remove soft parts, these white areas appear as holes in the cuticle (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130B7B8C575EFFF4FBA4FC6EFF7A50DB" captionStart="Figs 29–34" captionStartId="504.[183,230,1573,1597]" captionTargetBox="[181,1163,223,1561]" captionTargetId="figure-9@504.[181,1163,223,1561]" captionTargetPageId="504" captionText="Figs 29–34. Galeopsomyia multisulcata ♀, head with white areas (1–3) and swelling below eye (4) indicated – (29–30) frontal view; (31–32) fronto-lateral view; (33) head treated with KOH frontal view; (34) close-up of part with white areas and swelling." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10105258" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10105258/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Fig. 33</figureCitation>
|
||
). The swelling below the eye is possibly connected to the white areas, together forming a system with an unknown function. None of these features are present in any other group of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C301C8A575EFFF4FF18FC0EFEF3571B" box="[221,346,1023,1047]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Eulophidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C32A3482575EFFF6FF70FBCEFE4A503B" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="13" pageNumber="12" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8F6709575EFFF6FF70FBCEFE525134" blockId="13.[181,1164,1087,1687]" lastBlockId="15.[181,1165,223,823]" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944BB1B575EFFF4FF70FBCEFEE9575B" bold="true" box="[181,320,1087,1111]" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Antennae in both sexes attached in lower half of frons; scape not reaching to upper level of vertex, flagellum with two short anelli; females with three funiculars and three clavomeres with variation in the delimitation between C1 and C2, and rarely also between C2 and C3, from no constriction (solid clava) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130B7B8C575EFFF4FD72FB6EFCAF57BB" box="[695,774,1183,1207]" captionStart="Figs 35–43" captionStartId="505.[183,230,1361,1385]" captionTargetBox="[181,1163,223,1343]" captionTargetId="figure-8@505.[181,1163,223,1343]" captionTargetPageId="505" captionText="Figs 35–43. Galeopsomyia spp., ♀. 35–36. Base of fore wing with ventral setal row in costal cell – (35) G. illydris, row unbroken; (36) G. osaensis, row broken. 37–38. Antenna lateral view – (37) G. noyesi, solid antennal clava; (38) G. illydris, with distinct constriction between C1 and C2. 39–40. Apex of gaster lateral view – (39) G. illydris; (40) G. flora. 41–43. First gastral tergite (Gt1) dorsal view – (41) G. saga, arrow pointing at medio-basal carina; (42) G. pagana, arrow pointing at medio-basal sharp edge; (43) G. druparum, arrows pointing at ovate flat areas." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10105262" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10105262/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Fig. 37</figureCitation>
|
||
) to having a strong constriction between clavomeres (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130B7B8C575EFFF4FE47FB4EFE7857DB" box="[386,465,1215,1239]" captionStart="Figs 35–43" captionStartId="505.[183,230,1361,1385]" captionTargetBox="[181,1163,223,1343]" captionTargetId="figure-8@505.[181,1163,223,1343]" captionTargetPageId="505" captionText="Figs 35–43. Galeopsomyia spp., ♀. 35–36. Base of fore wing with ventral setal row in costal cell – (35) G. illydris, row unbroken; (36) G. osaensis, row broken. 37–38. Antenna lateral view – (37) G. noyesi, solid antennal clava; (38) G. illydris, with distinct constriction between C1 and C2. 39–40. Apex of gaster lateral view – (39) G. illydris; (40) G. flora. 41–43. First gastral tergite (Gt1) dorsal view – (41) G. saga, arrow pointing at medio-basal carina; (42) G. pagana, arrow pointing at medio-basal sharp edge; (43) G. druparum, arrows pointing at ovate flat areas." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10105262" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10105262/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Fig. 38</figureCitation>
|
||
); regardless, the flagellum is here regarded as always having three clavomeres, C3 with a ±distinct apical spicule; males either with a dorso-basal whorl of long setae on F1–F4 and on C1–C2, sometimes with a ventro-basal whorl of long setae on C1 & C2, and sometimes with a dorso-basal whorl of long setae present only on F1 & F2, these setae usually much longer than the flagellomere to which they are attached (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130B7B8C575EFFF4FC16FACEFB86565B" box="[979,1071,1343,1367]" captionStart="Figs 951–954" captionStartId="698.[181,229,1533,1557]" captionTargetBox="[181,1163,223,1515]" captionTargetId="figure-9@698.[181,1163,223,1515]" captionTargetPageId="698" captionText="Figs 951–954. Head incl. antennae/body, lateral view, paratype ♂. (951) Galeopsomyia bidensiae; (952) G. copalensis; (953) G. cresta; (954) G. domingoensis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10105713" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10105713/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Fig. 953</figureCitation>
|
||
), or with scattered short setae on all flagellomeres (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130B7B8C575EFFF4FDB2FAAEFD7C567B" box="[631,725,1375,1399]" captionStart="Figs 974–976" captionStartId="705.[181,228,1291,1315]" captionTargetBox="[181,1163,223,1274]" captionTargetId="figure-8@705.[181,1163,223,1274]" captionTargetPageId="705" captionText="Figs 974–976. Head incl. antennae/body, lateral view, paratype ♂. (974) Galeopsomyia grandis; (975) G. illydris; (976) G. infusca." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10105728" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10105728/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Fig. 975</figureCitation>
|
||
); males with a dorso-basal whorl of long setae on the flagellomeres have four funiculars and three clavomeres, with clava usually very long and narrow (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130B7B8C575EFFF4FEBFFA6EFE7056BB" box="[378,473,1439,1463]" captionStart="Figs 951–954" captionStartId="698.[181,229,1533,1557]" captionTargetBox="[181,1163,223,1515]" captionTargetId="figure-9@698.[181,1163,223,1515]" captionTargetPageId="698" captionText="Figs 951–954. Head incl. antennae/body, lateral view, paratype ♂. (951) Galeopsomyia bidensiae; (952) G. copalensis; (953) G. cresta; (954) G. domingoensis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10105713" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10105713/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Fig. 953</figureCitation>
|
||
), males with scattered setae on the flagellomeres have only six flagellomeres (clava undifferentiated) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130B7B8C575EFFF4FD94FA4EFD0456DB" box="[593,685,1471,1495]" captionStart="Figs 974–976" captionStartId="705.[181,228,1291,1315]" captionTargetBox="[181,1163,223,1274]" captionTargetId="figure-8@705.[181,1163,223,1274]" captionTargetPageId="705" captionText="Figs 974–976. Head incl. antennae/body, lateral view, paratype ♂. (974) Galeopsomyia grandis; (975) G. illydris; (976) G. infusca." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10105728" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10105728/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Fig. 975</figureCitation>
|
||
); male scape with a sensory plaque on ventral margin, usually situated in apical half of scape (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130B7B8C575EFFF4FD72FA2EFCBD56FB" box="[695,788,1503,1527]" captionStart="Figs 971–973" captionStartId="704.[183,230,1508,1532]" captionTargetBox="[181,1163,223,1494]" captionTargetId="figure-9@704.[181,1163,223,1494]" captionTargetPageId="704" captionText="Figs 971–973. Head incl. antennae/body, lateral view, paratype ♂. (971) Galeopsomyia globosa; (972) G. gonzalezi; (973) G. gouaniae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10105726" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10105726/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Fig. 971</figureCitation>
|
||
), or extending along ±entire length of scape (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130B7B8C575EFFF4FEE5FA0EFED6551B" box="[288,383,1535,1559]" captionStart="Figs 965–967" captionStartId="702.[183,229,1531,1555]" captionTargetBox="[181,1163,223,1507]" captionTargetId="figure-9@702.[181,1163,223,1515]" captionTargetPageId="702" captionText="Figs 965–967. Head incl. antennae/body, lateral view, paratype ♂. (965) Galeopsomyia blakeae; (966) G. carinifer; (967) G. cecropiae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10105721" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10105721/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Fig. 965</figureCitation>
|
||
). Head with malar sulcus complete and straight; with a subocular fovea (a.k.a. malar pit/malar fovea) that is reticulate at the bottom; with or without genal carina (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130B7B8C575EFFF4FF78F9CEFE93555B" box="[189,314,1599,1623]" captionStart="Figs 15–22" captionStartId="502.[181,228,1518,1542]" captionTargetBox="[181,1163,223,1513]" captionTargetId="figure-9@502.[181,1163,223,1515]" captionTargetPageId="502" captionText="Figs 15–22. Galeopsomyia spp., ♀. 15–17. Head lateral view – (15) G. seminarum; (16) G. noyesi (arrow pointing at short genal carina); (17) G. graciliclava (arrow pointing at long genal carina). 18–19. Fore coxa lateral view – (18) G. myrsineae (arrow pointing at carina along anterior margin); (19) G. alas (arrow pointing at carina along posterior margin). 20–21. Hind coxa lateral view – (20) G. noyesi; (21) G. aliosa (arrow pointing at carina along posterior margin). 22. G. carinifer, dorsellum (arrow pointing at median carina)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10105254" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10105254/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Figs 15–17</figureCitation>
|
||
), if present then varying in length from very short and situated close to mouth opening (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130B7B8C575EFFF4FEDCF9AEFECE557B" box="[281,359,1631,1655]" captionStart="Figs 15–22" captionStartId="502.[181,228,1518,1542]" captionTargetBox="[181,1163,223,1513]" captionTargetId="figure-9@502.[181,1163,223,1515]" captionTargetPageId="502" captionText="Figs 15–22. Galeopsomyia spp., ♀. 15–17. Head lateral view – (15) G. seminarum; (16) G. noyesi (arrow pointing at short genal carina); (17) G. graciliclava (arrow pointing at long genal carina). 18–19. Fore coxa lateral view – (18) G. myrsineae (arrow pointing at carina along anterior margin); (19) G. alas (arrow pointing at carina along posterior margin). 20–21. Hind coxa lateral view – (20) G. noyesi; (21) G. aliosa (arrow pointing at carina along posterior margin). 22. G. carinifer, dorsellum (arrow pointing at median carina)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10105254" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10105254/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
|
||
), to extending from mouth opening up to above level of lower margin of eye (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130B7B8C575EFFF4FF78F98EFEA5559B" box="[189,268,1663,1687]" captionStart="Figs 15–22" captionStartId="502.[181,228,1518,1542]" captionTargetBox="[181,1163,223,1513]" captionTargetId="figure-9@502.[181,1163,223,1515]" captionTargetPageId="502" captionText="Figs 15–22. Galeopsomyia spp., ♀. 15–17. Head lateral view – (15) G. seminarum; (16) G. noyesi (arrow pointing at short genal carina); (17) G. graciliclava (arrow pointing at long genal carina). 18–19. Fore coxa lateral view – (18) G. myrsineae (arrow pointing at carina along anterior margin); (19) G. alas (arrow pointing at carina along posterior margin). 20–21. Hind coxa lateral view – (20) G. noyesi; (21) G. aliosa (arrow pointing at carina along posterior margin). 22. G. carinifer, dorsellum (arrow pointing at median carina)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10105254" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10105254/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
|
||
); clypeal margin bidentate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130B7B8C575EFFF4FDF2F98EFD2E559B" box="[567,647,1663,1687]" captionStart="Figs 29–34" captionStartId="504.[183,230,1573,1597]" captionTargetBox="[181,1163,223,1561]" captionTargetId="figure-9@504.[181,1163,223,1561]" captionTargetPageId="504" captionText="Figs 29–34. Galeopsomyia multisulcata ♀, head with white areas (1–3) and swelling below eye (4) indicated – (29–30) frontal view; (31–32) fronto-lateral view; (33) head treated with KOH frontal view; (34) close-up of part with white areas and swelling." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10105258" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10105258/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="12">Fig. 30</figureCitation>
|
||
). Head below level of toruli with weak to strong reticulation but with clypeal area smooth or with very weak reticulation, frons with strong reticulation to rugose between eyes and antennal scrobes, scrobes usually with small-meshed weak (usually) to strong (rarely) reticulation; with scattered setae, except scrobes which are always bare; face with pale areas and swelling as described above under diagnosis. Vertex usually with strong reticulation outside ocellar triangle, inside ocellar triangle with wrinkled sculpture or reticulation, usually with a carina between lateral ocelli in posterior part, and with a strong sulcus from eye margin to lateral ocelli and continuing from there to median ocellus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130B7B8C575DFFF7FECAFE4EFE0E52DB" box="[271,423,447,471]" captionStart="Figs 933–950" captionStartId="697.[181,228,1383,1407]" captionTargetBox="[181,1163,223,1362]" captionTargetId="figure-8@697.[181,1163,223,1362]" captionTargetPageId="697" captionText="Figs 933–950. Vertex, ♀ – (933) Galeopsomyia cabroensis ht; (934) G. estera ht; (935) G. trinidadensis ht; (936) G. volcanensis ht; (937) G. amadea ht; (938) G. mynta ht; (939) G. admirabilis ht; (940) G. crabra ht; (941) G. devania pt; (942) G. falla pt; (943) G. grandis ht; (944) G. moleris ht; (945) G. capillosa ht; (946) G. gobis ht; (947) G. hirsuta pt; (948) G. hirta ht; (949) G. papillosa ht; (950) G. aspratilis pt." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10105711" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10105711/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">Figs 933–950</figureCitation>
|
||
). Occipital margin usually rounded, but in some species with a carina or sharp edge. Pronotum with strong reticulation, meshes isodiametric, with posterior margin smooth, always without a transverse carina on collar. Mesoscutum with an incomplete (present in posterior part) to complete median groove, or median groove absent; midlobe with a varying number of setae close to notauli (adnotaular setae), some species with setae in a single (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130B7B8C575DFFF7FEF6FDAEFE26517B" box="[307,399,607,631]" captionStart="Figs 152–155" captionStartId="533.[181,228,1482,1506]" captionTargetBox="[181,1163,223,1465]" captionTargetId="figure-8@533.[181,1163,223,1465]" captionTargetPageId="533" captionText="Figs 152–155. Galeopsomyia maniata, holotype ♀ – (152) habitus dorsal view; (153) habitus lateral view. Galeopsomyia manuelpereirai, holotype ♀ – (154) habitus dorsal view; (155) habitus lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10105332" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10105332/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">Fig. 152</figureCitation>
|
||
) or scattered row close to inner margin of notauli (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130B7B8C575DFFF7FC77FDAEFBB8517B" box="[946,1041,607,631]" captionStart="Figs 248–251" captionStartId="557.[183,230,1524,1548]" captionTargetBox="[181,1163,231,1507]" captionTargetId="figure-8@557.[181,1163,223,1507]" captionTargetPageId="557" captionText="Figs 248–251. Galeopsomyia adobia, holotype ♀ – (248) habitus dorsal view; (249) habitus lateral view. Galeopsomyia agonis, holotype ♀ – (250) habitus dorsal view; (251) habitus lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10105390" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10105390/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">Fig. 250</figureCitation>
|
||
), and a few species with setae scattered all over midlobe (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130B7B8C575DFFF7FD60FD8EFCAA519B" box="[677,771,639,663]" captionStart="Figs 636–639" captionStartId="654.[181,228,1530,1554]" captionTargetBox="[181,1163,223,1515]" captionTargetId="figure-9@654.[181,1163,223,1515]" captionTargetPageId="654" captionText="Figs 636–639. Galeopsomyia papillosa, holotype ♀ – (636) habitus dorsal view; (637) habitus lateral view. Galeopsomyia scabiosa, holotype ♀ – (638) habitus dorsal view; (639) habitus lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10105620" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10105620/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">Fig. 636</figureCitation>
|
||
); many species with part of midlobe close to notauli papillate, i.e. with attachment points of setae as small nobs (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130B7B8C575DFFF7FBC4FD6EFBC851BB" box="[1025,1121,671,695]" captionStart="Figs 620–623" captionStartId="650.[181,228,1530,1554]" captionTargetBox="[181,1163,223,1515]" captionTargetId="figure-9@650.[181,1163,223,1515]" captionTargetPageId="650" captionText="Figs 620–623. Galeopsomyia weinmanniae, holotype ♀ – (620) habitus dorsal view; (621) habitus lateral view. Galeopsomyia wilsonae, holotype ♀ – (622) habitus dorsal view; (623) habitus lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10105610" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10105610/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">Fig. 620</figureCitation>
|
||
), or rugose. Axillae with strong reticulation and advanced ⅓–½ their length in front of transscutal articulation. Mesoscutellum transverse to elongate, usually convex but in a few species ±flat; submedian grooves usually present and separating a median part from lateral parts; with a ±wide groove along posterior margin that is usually subdivided by longitudinal short carinae (costulae) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130B7B8C575DFFF7FEE8FCCEFE20505B" box="[301,393,831,855]" captionStart="Figs 907–914" captionStartId="694.[180,227,1391,1415]" captionTargetBox="[181,1163,223,1372]" captionTargetId="figure-9@694.[181,1163,223,1372]" captionTargetPageId="694" captionText="Figs 907–914. Mesoscutellum dorsal view, holotype ♀ – (907) Galeopsomyia casacocaensis; (908) G. alas; (909) G. mynta; (910) G. corista; (911) G. ladrona; (912) G. methea; (913) G. amphis; (914) G. baldosa." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10105703" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10105703/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">Fig. 911</figureCitation>
|
||
). The submedian grooves of the mesoscutellum can be distinct with both inner and outer margins distinct and complete (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130B7B8C575DFFF7FD62FCAEFCAD507B" box="[679,772,863,887]" captionStart="Figs 924–932" captionStartId="696.[181,228,1401,1425]" captionTargetBox="[181,1163,223,1383]" captionTargetId="figure-9@696.[181,1163,223,1383]" captionTargetPageId="696" captionText="Figs 924–932. Mesoscutellum dorsal view, holotype ♀ – (924) Galeopsomyia anomala; (925) G. asilis; (926) G. admirabilis; (927) G. hirsuta; (928) G. hirta; (929) G. papillosa; (930) G. curiosa; (931) G. scabiosa; (932) G. capillosa." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10105709" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10105709/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">Fig. 926</figureCitation>
|
||
), with inner margin distinct but outer margin indistinct or missing (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130B7B8C575DFFF7FE35FC8EFD21509B" box="[496,648,895,919]" captionStart="Figs 915–923" captionStartId="695.[181,228,1395,1419]" captionTargetBox="[181,1163,223,1375]" captionTargetId="figure-8@695.[181,1163,223,1375]" captionTargetPageId="695" captionText="Figs 915–923. Mesoscutellum dorsal view, holotype ♀ – (915) Galeopsomyia nebulosa; (916) G. chrysops; (917) G. daleskeyae; (918) G. ajax; (919) G. philodendrae; (920) G. maculifer; (921) G. aramis; (922) G. hiata; (923) G. palotis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10105707" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10105707/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">Figs 917, 920</figureCitation>
|
||
), or with both inner and outer margins indistinct (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130B7B8C575DFFF7FF78FC6EFEB350BB" box="[189,282,927,951]" captionStart="Figs 907–914" captionStartId="694.[180,227,1391,1415]" captionTargetBox="[181,1163,223,1372]" captionTargetId="figure-9@694.[181,1163,223,1372]" captionTargetPageId="694" captionText="Figs 907–914. Mesoscutellum dorsal view, holotype ♀ – (907) Galeopsomyia casacocaensis; (908) G. alas; (909) G. mynta; (910) G. corista; (911) G. ladrona; (912) G. methea; (913) G. amphis; (914) G. baldosa." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10105703" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10105703/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">Fig. 908</figureCitation>
|
||
); straight or curved, parallel, diverging towards posterior part, or diverging towards both anterior and posterior parts, with (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130B7B8C575DFFF7FDA5FC4EFD1450DB" box="[608,701,959,983]" captionStart="Figs 915–923" captionStartId="695.[181,228,1395,1419]" captionTargetBox="[181,1163,223,1375]" captionTargetId="figure-8@695.[181,1163,223,1375]" captionTargetPageId="695" captionText="Figs 915–923. Mesoscutellum dorsal view, holotype ♀ – (915) Galeopsomyia nebulosa; (916) G. chrysops; (917) G. daleskeyae; (918) G. ajax; (919) G. philodendrae; (920) G. maculifer; (921) G. aramis; (922) G. hiata; (923) G. palotis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10105707" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10105707/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">Fig. 916</figureCitation>
|
||
) or without (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130B7B8C575DFFF7FC88FC4EFC0350DB" box="[845,938,959,983]" captionStart="Figs 915–923" captionStartId="695.[181,228,1395,1419]" captionTargetBox="[181,1163,223,1375]" captionTargetId="figure-8@695.[181,1163,223,1375]" captionTargetPageId="695" captionText="Figs 915–923. Mesoscutellum dorsal view, holotype ♀ – (915) Galeopsomyia nebulosa; (916) G. chrysops; (917) G. daleskeyae; (918) G. ajax; (919) G. philodendrae; (920) G. maculifer; (921) G. aramis; (922) G. hiata; (923) G. palotis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10105707" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10105707/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">Fig. 915</figureCitation>
|
||
) transverse costulae. Setation on the mesoscutellum is usually confined to the lateral parts and there may be several setae scattered over entire lateral part, or with two pairs of setae – one pair always attached close to posterior margin (these setae are always the longest) and one pair either attached in median or in anterior part of mesoscutellum; a few aberrant species have setae over the entire surface of the mesoscutellum (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130B7B8C575DFFF7FE36FBAEFDE6577B" box="[499,591,1119,1143]" captionStart="Figs 924–932" captionStartId="696.[181,228,1401,1425]" captionTargetBox="[181,1163,223,1383]" captionTargetId="figure-9@696.[181,1163,223,1383]" captionTargetPageId="696" captionText="Figs 924–932. Mesoscutellum dorsal view, holotype ♀ – (924) Galeopsomyia anomala; (925) G. asilis; (926) G. admirabilis; (927) G. hirsuta; (928) G. hirta; (929) G. papillosa; (930) G. curiosa; (931) G. scabiosa; (932) G. capillosa." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10105709" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10105709/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">Fig. 932</figureCitation>
|
||
). Dorsellum varying from shiny with weak sculpture to strongly reticulate or with other strong sculpture, with (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130B7B8C575DFFF7FD3FFB8EFCEF579B" box="[762,838,1151,1175]" captionStart="Figs 15–22" captionStartId="502.[181,228,1518,1542]" captionTargetBox="[181,1163,223,1513]" captionTargetId="figure-9@502.[181,1163,223,1515]" captionTargetPageId="502" captionText="Figs 15–22. Galeopsomyia spp., ♀. 15–17. Head lateral view – (15) G. seminarum; (16) G. noyesi (arrow pointing at short genal carina); (17) G. graciliclava (arrow pointing at long genal carina). 18–19. Fore coxa lateral view – (18) G. myrsineae (arrow pointing at carina along anterior margin); (19) G. alas (arrow pointing at carina along posterior margin). 20–21. Hind coxa lateral view – (20) G. noyesi; (21) G. aliosa (arrow pointing at carina along posterior margin). 22. G. carinifer, dorsellum (arrow pointing at median carina)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10105254" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10105254/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
|
||
) or without a complete median carina. Propodeum with a complete and strong narrow to wide median carina, usually expanding both in posterior and anterior parts, also with a strong and curved paraspiracular carina on either side, and a transverse carina close to posterior margin, and many species also have a median transverse carina reaching from paraspiracular carina towards median carina; part between median carina and paraspiracular carina either with strong reticulation (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130B7B8C575DFFF7FBC2FAEEFBCA563B" box="[1031,1123,1311,1335]" captionStart="Figs 144–147" captionStartId="531.[183,230,1529,1553]" captionTargetBox="[181,1163,223,1515]" captionTargetId="figure-8@531.[181,1163,223,1515]" captionTargetPageId="531" captionText="Figs 144–147. Galeopsomyia liosa, holotype ♀ – (144) habitus dorsal view; (145) habitus lateral view. Galeopsomyia loboi, holotype ♀ – (146) habitus dorsal view; (147) habitus lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10105328" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10105328/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">Fig. 144</figureCitation>
|
||
), or a combination of strong reticulation and strong irregular carinae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130B7B8C575DFFF7FCA3FACEFC6A565B" box="[870,963,1343,1367]" captionStart="Figs 144–147" captionStartId="531.[183,230,1529,1553]" captionTargetBox="[181,1163,223,1515]" captionTargetId="figure-8@531.[181,1163,223,1515]" captionTargetPageId="531" captionText="Figs 144–147. Galeopsomyia liosa, holotype ♀ – (144) habitus dorsal view; (145) habitus lateral view. Galeopsomyia loboi, holotype ♀ – (146) habitus dorsal view; (147) habitus lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10105328" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10105328/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">Fig. 146</figureCitation>
|
||
); spiracles covered by a small flap on the outer side of spiracle; callus with 2–11 setae. Coxae with very weak to very strong reticulation, mid coxa usually with weakest reticulation; some species with a sharp edge along posterior margin of fore coxa and/or a carina along posterior margin of hind coxa (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130B7B8C575DFFF7FEEFFA4EFE0D56DB" box="[298,420,1471,1495]" captionStart="Figs 15–22" captionStartId="502.[181,228,1518,1542]" captionTargetBox="[181,1163,223,1513]" captionTargetId="figure-9@502.[181,1163,223,1515]" captionTargetPageId="502" captionText="Figs 15–22. Galeopsomyia spp., ♀. 15–17. Head lateral view – (15) G. seminarum; (16) G. noyesi (arrow pointing at short genal carina); (17) G. graciliclava (arrow pointing at long genal carina). 18–19. Fore coxa lateral view – (18) G. myrsineae (arrow pointing at carina along anterior margin); (19) G. alas (arrow pointing at carina along posterior margin). 20–21. Hind coxa lateral view – (20) G. noyesi; (21) G. aliosa (arrow pointing at carina along posterior margin). 22. G. carinifer, dorsellum (arrow pointing at median carina)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10105254" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10105254/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">Figs 18, 19</figureCitation>
|
||
); hind coxa with (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130B7B8C575DFFF7FDA6FA4EFD0656DB" box="[611,687,1471,1495]" captionStart="Figs 15–22" captionStartId="502.[181,228,1518,1542]" captionTargetBox="[181,1163,223,1513]" captionTargetId="figure-9@502.[181,1163,223,1515]" captionTargetPageId="502" captionText="Figs 15–22. Galeopsomyia spp., ♀. 15–17. Head lateral view – (15) G. seminarum; (16) G. noyesi (arrow pointing at short genal carina); (17) G. graciliclava (arrow pointing at long genal carina). 18–19. Fore coxa lateral view – (18) G. myrsineae (arrow pointing at carina along anterior margin); (19) G. alas (arrow pointing at carina along posterior margin). 20–21. Hind coxa lateral view – (20) G. noyesi; (21) G. aliosa (arrow pointing at carina along posterior margin). 22. G. carinifer, dorsellum (arrow pointing at median carina)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10105254" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10105254/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
|
||
) or without (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130B7B8C575DFFF7FCFCFA4EFC2F56DB" box="[825,902,1471,1495]" captionStart="Figs 15–22" captionStartId="502.[181,228,1518,1542]" captionTargetBox="[181,1163,223,1513]" captionTargetId="figure-9@502.[181,1163,223,1515]" captionTargetPageId="502" captionText="Figs 15–22. Galeopsomyia spp., ♀. 15–17. Head lateral view – (15) G. seminarum; (16) G. noyesi (arrow pointing at short genal carina); (17) G. graciliclava (arrow pointing at long genal carina). 18–19. Fore coxa lateral view – (18) G. myrsineae (arrow pointing at carina along anterior margin); (19) G. alas (arrow pointing at carina along posterior margin). 20–21. Hind coxa lateral view – (20) G. noyesi; (21) G. aliosa (arrow pointing at carina along posterior margin). 22. G. carinifer, dorsellum (arrow pointing at median carina)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10105254" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10105254/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
|
||
) a carina along posterior margin. Wings usually completely hyaline, but in a few species with infuscate parts, veins yellowish-brown to yellowish-white; fore wing with 2–13, but usually 4–5, setae on dorsal surface of submarginal vein, sometimes with different number of setae on left and right wing on same specimen (given as x&x); costal cell with a row of setae on ventral surface (here referred to as
|
||
<emphasis id="B944BB1B575DFFF7FE8CF9AEFE58557B" box="[329,497,1631,1655]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">costal setal row</emphasis>
|
||
), row either
|
||
<emphasis id="B944BB1B575DFFF7FDBFF9AEFD77557B" box="[634,734,1631,1655]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">unbroken</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="130B7B8C575DFFF7FD28F9AEFC93557B" box="[749,826,1631,1655]" captionStart="Figs 35–43" captionStartId="505.[183,230,1361,1385]" captionTargetBox="[181,1163,223,1343]" captionTargetId="figure-8@505.[181,1163,223,1343]" captionTargetPageId="505" captionText="Figs 35–43. Galeopsomyia spp., ♀. 35–36. Base of fore wing with ventral setal row in costal cell – (35) G. illydris, row unbroken; (36) G. osaensis, row broken. 37–38. Antenna lateral view – (37) G. noyesi, solid antennal clava; (38) G. illydris, with distinct constriction between C1 and C2. 39–40. Apex of gaster lateral view – (39) G. illydris; (40) G. flora. 41–43. First gastral tergite (Gt1) dorsal view – (41) G. saga, arrow pointing at medio-basal carina; (42) G. pagana, arrow pointing at medio-basal sharp edge; (43) G. druparum, arrows pointing at ovate flat areas." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10105262" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10105262/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">Fig. 35</figureCitation>
|
||
) or with setae absent in median part (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130B7B8C575DFFF7FF2BF98EFE95559B" box="[238,316,1663,1687]" captionStart="Figs 35–43" captionStartId="505.[183,230,1361,1385]" captionTargetBox="[181,1163,223,1343]" captionTargetId="figure-8@505.[181,1163,223,1343]" captionTargetPageId="505" captionText="Figs 35–43. Galeopsomyia spp., ♀. 35–36. Base of fore wing with ventral setal row in costal cell – (35) G. illydris, row unbroken; (36) G. osaensis, row broken. 37–38. Antenna lateral view – (37) G. noyesi, solid antennal clava; (38) G. illydris, with distinct constriction between C1 and C2. 39–40. Apex of gaster lateral view – (39) G. illydris; (40) G. flora. 41–43. First gastral tergite (Gt1) dorsal view – (41) G. saga, arrow pointing at medio-basal carina; (42) G. pagana, arrow pointing at medio-basal sharp edge; (43) G. druparum, arrows pointing at ovate flat areas." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10105262" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10105262/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">Fig. 36</figureCitation>
|
||
) and then referred to as
|
||
<emphasis id="B944BB1B575DFFF7FD87F98EFD22559B" box="[578,651,1663,1687]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="13">broken</emphasis>
|
||
; postmarginal vein absent or very short, always distinctly shorter than stigmal vein; costal cell 10–27× as long as wide; speculum closed, or open below and/or towards base of wing. Petiole varying from very short, just a narrow band, to about 0.5× as long as wide with dorsal part with or without strong irregular sculpture or a few longitudinal carinae. Female gaster 1.1–4.6× as long as wide, strongly sclerotized and not collapsing after death, with strong or weak reticulation; medio-basal Gt
|
||
<subScript id="17B4654C575CFFF6FC11FE81FC755272" attach="left" box="[980,988,368,382]" fontSize="6" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">1</subScript>
|
||
with an incision that can be either ±semicircular (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130B7B8C575CFFF6FDD4FE8EFDF6529B" box="[529,607,383,407]" captionStart="Figs 23–28" captionStartId="503.[181,228,1520,1544]" captionTargetBox="[181,1163,223,1504]" captionTargetId="figure-8@503.[181,1163,223,1504]" captionTargetPageId="503" captionText="Figs 23–28. Galeopsomyia spp., ♀, first gastral tergite (Gt1) dorsal view – (23) G. epidius; (24) G. osaensis; (25) G. fausta; (26) G. blakeae; (27) G. illydris; (28) G.devania." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10105256" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10105256/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">Fig. 23</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="130B7B8C575CFFF6FDACFE8EFD2C529B" box="[617,645,383,407]" captionStart="Figs 35–43" captionStartId="505.[183,230,1361,1385]" captionTargetBox="[181,1163,223,1343]" captionTargetId="figure-8@505.[181,1163,223,1343]" captionTargetPageId="505" captionText="Figs 35–43. Galeopsomyia spp., ♀. 35–36. Base of fore wing with ventral setal row in costal cell – (35) G. illydris, row unbroken; (36) G. osaensis, row broken. 37–38. Antenna lateral view – (37) G. noyesi, solid antennal clava; (38) G. illydris, with distinct constriction between C1 and C2. 39–40. Apex of gaster lateral view – (39) G. illydris; (40) G. flora. 41–43. First gastral tergite (Gt1) dorsal view – (41) G. saga, arrow pointing at medio-basal carina; (42) G. pagana, arrow pointing at medio-basal sharp edge; (43) G. druparum, arrows pointing at ovate flat areas." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10105262" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10105262/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">42</figureCitation>
|
||
) or ±rectangular (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130B7B8C575CFFF6FC86FE8EFC3A529B" box="[835,915,383,407]" captionStart="Figs 35–43" captionStartId="505.[183,230,1361,1385]" captionTargetBox="[181,1163,223,1343]" captionTargetId="figure-8@505.[181,1163,223,1343]" captionTargetPageId="505" captionText="Figs 35–43. Galeopsomyia spp., ♀. 35–36. Base of fore wing with ventral setal row in costal cell – (35) G. illydris, row unbroken; (36) G. osaensis, row broken. 37–38. Antenna lateral view – (37) G. noyesi, solid antennal clava; (38) G. illydris, with distinct constriction between C1 and C2. 39–40. Apex of gaster lateral view – (39) G. illydris; (40) G. flora. 41–43. First gastral tergite (Gt1) dorsal view – (41) G. saga, arrow pointing at medio-basal carina; (42) G. pagana, arrow pointing at medio-basal sharp edge; (43) G. druparum, arrows pointing at ovate flat areas." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10105262" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10105262/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">Fig. 43</figureCitation>
|
||
), in the latter case there are usually flat areas on either side of the incision (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130B7B8C575CFFF6FD15FE6EFC8952BB" box="[720,800,415,439]" captionStart="Figs 35–43" captionStartId="505.[183,230,1361,1385]" captionTargetBox="[181,1163,223,1343]" captionTargetId="figure-8@505.[181,1163,223,1343]" captionTargetPageId="505" captionText="Figs 35–43. Galeopsomyia spp., ♀. 35–36. Base of fore wing with ventral setal row in costal cell – (35) G. illydris, row unbroken; (36) G. osaensis, row broken. 37–38. Antenna lateral view – (37) G. noyesi, solid antennal clava; (38) G. illydris, with distinct constriction between C1 and C2. 39–40. Apex of gaster lateral view – (39) G. illydris; (40) G. flora. 41–43. First gastral tergite (Gt1) dorsal view – (41) G. saga, arrow pointing at medio-basal carina; (42) G. pagana, arrow pointing at medio-basal sharp edge; (43) G. druparum, arrows pointing at ovate flat areas." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10105262" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10105262/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">Fig. 43</figureCitation>
|
||
), with (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130B7B8C575CFFF6FCAAFE6EFC6B52BB" box="[879,962,415,439]" captionStart="Figs 23–28" captionStartId="503.[181,228,1520,1544]" captionTargetBox="[181,1163,223,1504]" captionTargetId="figure-8@503.[181,1163,223,1504]" captionTargetPageId="503" captionText="Figs 23–28. Galeopsomyia spp., ♀, first gastral tergite (Gt1) dorsal view – (23) G. epidius; (24) G. osaensis; (25) G. fausta; (26) G. blakeae; (27) G. illydris; (28) G.devania." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10105256" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10105256/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">Figs 24</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="130B7B8C575CFFF6FC08FE6EFBB952BB" box="[973,1040,415,439]" captionStart="Figs 35–43" captionStartId="505.[183,230,1361,1385]" captionTargetBox="[181,1163,223,1343]" captionTargetId="figure-8@505.[181,1163,223,1343]" captionTargetPageId="505" captionText="Figs 35–43. Galeopsomyia spp., ♀. 35–36. Base of fore wing with ventral setal row in costal cell – (35) G. illydris, row unbroken; (36) G. osaensis, row broken. 37–38. Antenna lateral view – (37) G. noyesi, solid antennal clava; (38) G. illydris, with distinct constriction between C1 and C2. 39–40. Apex of gaster lateral view – (39) G. illydris; (40) G. flora. 41–43. First gastral tergite (Gt1) dorsal view – (41) G. saga, arrow pointing at medio-basal carina; (42) G. pagana, arrow pointing at medio-basal sharp edge; (43) G. druparum, arrows pointing at ovate flat areas." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10105262" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10105262/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">41, 42</figureCitation>
|
||
) or without (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130B7B8C575CFFF6FF78FE4EFEA752DB" box="[189,270,447,471]" captionStart="Figs 23–28" captionStartId="503.[181,228,1520,1544]" captionTargetBox="[181,1163,223,1504]" captionTargetId="figure-8@503.[181,1163,223,1504]" captionTargetPageId="503" captionText="Figs 23–28. Galeopsomyia spp., ♀, first gastral tergite (Gt1) dorsal view – (23) G. epidius; (24) G. osaensis; (25) G. fausta; (26) G. blakeae; (27) G. illydris; (28) G.devania." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10105256" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10105256/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">Figs 23</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="130B7B8C575CFFF6FED2FE4EFE9A52DB" box="[279,307,447,471]" captionStart="Figs 35–43" captionStartId="505.[183,230,1361,1385]" captionTargetBox="[181,1163,223,1343]" captionTargetId="figure-8@505.[181,1163,223,1343]" captionTargetPageId="505" captionText="Figs 35–43. Galeopsomyia spp., ♀. 35–36. Base of fore wing with ventral setal row in costal cell – (35) G. illydris, row unbroken; (36) G. osaensis, row broken. 37–38. Antenna lateral view – (37) G. noyesi, solid antennal clava; (38) G. illydris, with distinct constriction between C1 and C2. 39–40. Apex of gaster lateral view – (39) G. illydris; (40) G. flora. 41–43. First gastral tergite (Gt1) dorsal view – (41) G. saga, arrow pointing at medio-basal carina; (42) G. pagana, arrow pointing at medio-basal sharp edge; (43) G. druparum, arrows pointing at ovate flat areas." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10105262" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10105262/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">43</figureCitation>
|
||
) a transverse carina or edge above attachment point of petiole, this part sometimes with short longitudinal carinae (
|
||
<figureCitation id="130B7B8C575CFFF6FDCDFE2EFD2B52FB" box="[520,642,479,503]" captionStart="Figs 23–28" captionStartId="503.[181,228,1520,1544]" captionTargetBox="[181,1163,223,1504]" captionTargetId="figure-8@503.[181,1163,223,1504]" captionTargetPageId="503" captionText="Figs 23–28. Galeopsomyia spp., ♀, first gastral tergite (Gt1) dorsal view – (23) G. epidius; (24) G. osaensis; (25) G. fausta; (26) G. blakeae; (27) G. illydris; (28) G.devania." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10105256" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10105256/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">Figs 27, 28</figureCitation>
|
||
); with longest cercal seta usually at least twice as long as next longest, and curved or sinuate but never kinked. Female hypopygium reaching about half the length of gaster.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8F6709575CFFF6FF2BFDB1FE4A503B" blockId="15.[181,1165,223,823]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">Many important distinguishing characters for the species are found in the female only, in the antennae and the gaster, i.e. sexually dimorphic characters. As males do not have these features it is difficult to link female and male of the same species based on morphological characters. Unless males can be linked to conspecific females by way of non-sex related morphological characters or through the biology (specimens reared from the same host and collecting event) only females are described and included here. As most males are unknown it seems pointless to include them in an identification key. However, all known males are included in the descriptions.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C32A3482575CFFF6FF70FCAEFDF750BB" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8F6709575CFFF6FF70FCAEFDF750BB" blockId="15.[181,1165,863,951]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944BB1B575CFFF6FF70FCAEFEEE507B" bold="true" box="[181,327,863,887]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
The New World, being most abundant and diverse in the subtropical and tropical parts. Very few species are recorded from temperate parts of North America and none thus far from temperate parts of South America.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C32A3482575CFFF6FF70FC2EFC13573B" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8F6709575CFFF6FF70FC2EFC13573B" blockId="15.[181,1164,991,1079]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944BB1B575CFFF6FF70FC2EFEA250FB" bold="true" box="[181,267,991,1015]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">Biology</emphasis>
|
||
. Associated with galls and seeds, either as inquilines (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA11AF8575CFFF6FC85FC2EFBE750FB" author="Hawkins, B. A. & Goeden, R. D." box="[832,1102,991,1015]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" pagination="271 - 292" refId="ref324225" refString="Hawkins, B. A. & Goeden, R. D. 1984. Organization of a parasitoid community associated with a complex of galls on Atriplex spp. in southern California. Ecological Entomology, 9 (3): 271 - 292." type="journal article" year="1984">Hawkins & Goeden 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) or as parasitoids (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6B252B2575CFFF6FEF1FC0EFE28571B" box="[308,385,1023,1047]" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="10.[181,244,1644,1668]" captionTargetBox="[196,1150,225,1652]" captionTargetId="graphics-8@9.[181,1164,276,1596]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Table 1. Host/host plant records." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF4F37815759FFF3FF70F99DFDBD5588" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" tableUuid="DF4F37815759FFF3FF70F99DFDBD5588">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
). The species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C301C8A575CFFF6FDD3FBF1FDDF571B" authorityName="La Salle" authorityYear="2023" box="[534,630,1023,1047]" class="Insecta" family="Eulophidae" genus="Galeopsomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fausta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B944BB1B575CFFF6FDD3FBF1FDDF571B" box="[534,630,1023,1047]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="14">G. fausta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is an exception as it targets leafmining
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C301C8A575CFFF6FBC9FC0EFB25571B" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[1036,1164,1023,1047]" class="Magnoliopsida" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="order">Lepidoptera</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA11AF8575CFFF6FF78FBEEFE2A573B" author="Cobo Nunez, G. M." box="[189,387,1055,1079]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" refId="ref322718" refString="Cobo Nunez, G. M. 1996. Ciclo biologico del minador de las hojas de los citricos Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton (Lepidoptera: Gracilariidae) y su relacion con sus hospederos y enemigos naturales en el Valle del Cauca, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Palmira, Colombia, B. Sc. Thesis, 158 pp." type="book" year="1996">Cobo Nuñez 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFA11AF8575CFFF6FE4BFBEEFDD2573B" author="LaSalle, J. & Pena, J. E." box="[398,635,1055,1079]" pageId="15" pageNumber="14" pagination="461 - 470" refId="ref324647" refString="LaSalle, J. & Pena, J. E. 1997. A new species of Galeopsomyia (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae: Tetrastichinae): a fortuitous parasitoid of the citrus leafminer, Phyllocnistis citrella. Florida Entomologist, 80 (4): 461 - 470." type="journal article" year="1997">LaSalle & Peña, 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). See above under “Biology”.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |