668 lines
82 KiB
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668 lines
82 KiB
XML
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:
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; J. E.
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, 302;
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, 84;
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;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A8D0659FF5F09E16075FE60CFCFFE67" author="BICKHARDT H." box="[290,485,390,410]" page="109" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" year="1921">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD5DB9FF5F09E16075FE60CF97FE67" author="BICKHARDT H." box="[290,445,390,410]" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" pagination="43 - 145" refId="ref112783" refString="BICKHARDT H. 1921: Die Histeriden des aethiopischen Faunengebiets. Teil I, II. Archiv fur Naturgesichte 87 A (6): 43 - 145." type="journal article" year="1921">BICKHARDT (1921)</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 109
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||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A8D0659FF5F09E160BAFE60CCBCFE67" author="BRADLEY J. C." box="[493,662,390,410]" page="95" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" year="1930">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD5DB9FF5F09E160BAFE60CC5DFE67" author="BRADLEY J. C." box="[493,631,390,410]" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" refId="ref113030" refString="BRADLEY J. C. 1930: A manual of the genera of beetles of America north of Mexico; keys for the determination of the families, subfamilies, tribes, and genera of Coleoptera with systematic list of the genera and higher groups. Daw, Illston & Co., Ithaca, NY, 360 pp." type="book" year="1930">BRADLEY (1930)</bibRefCitation>
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: 95
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||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A8D0659FF5F09E163CAFE60CD5AFE67" author="PEYERIMHOFF P." box="[669,880,390,410]" page="223" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" year="1936">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD5DB9FF5F09E163CAFE60CD6DFE67" author="PEYERIMHOFF P." box="[669,839,390,410]" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" pagination="213 - 228" refId="ref119927" refString="PEYERIMHOFF P. 1936: Les Saprinines Sabulicoles du Nord de l'Afrique (Coleoptera: Histeridae). Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique d'Egypte 20: 213 - 228." type="journal article" year="1936">PEYERIMHOFF (1936)</bibRefCitation>
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: 223
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A8D0659FF5F09E1622FFE60CA13FE67" author="REICHARDT A." box="[888,1081,390,410]" page="156" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" year="1941">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD5DB9FF5F09E1622FFE60CA3BFE67" author="REICHARDT A." box="[888,1041,390,410]" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" refId="ref120382" refString="REICHARDT A. 1941: Semeystva Sphaeritidae i Histeridae (Vol. 1). [Families Sphaeritidae and Histeridae]. Fauna SSSR, Nasekomye Zhestokrylye, V, 3. Nauka, Moskva-Leningrad, xiii + 419 pp." type="book" year="1941">REICHARDT (1941)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:156
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, 176;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A8D0659FF5F09E161E2FE46CF9FFE4A" author="MCGRATH R. M. & HATCH M. H." box="[181,437,417,436]" page="54" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" year="1941">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD5DB9FF5F09E161E2FE46CFB2FE4A" author="MCGRATH R. M. & HATCH M. H." box="[181,408,417,436]" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" pagination="49 - 91" refId="ref118876" refString="MCGRATH R. M. & HATCH M. H. 1941: The Coleoptera in Washington: Sphaeritidae and Histeridae. University of Washington Publications on Biology 10: 49 - 91." type="journal article" year="1941">MCGRATH & HATCH (1941)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 54
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A8D0659FF5F09E160EBFE46CD3DFE4A" author="BLACKWELDER R. E. & BLACKWELDER R. M." box="[444,791,417,436]" page="11" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" year="1948">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD5DB9FF5F09E160EBFE46CCD3FE4A" author="BLACKWELDER R. E. & BLACKWELDER R. M." box="[444,761,417,436]" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" refId="ref112812" refString="BLACKWELDER R. E. & BLACKWELDER R. M. 1948: The Leng catalogue of Coleoptera of America, north of Mexico. Fifth Supplement. John D. Sheridan, Mount Vernon, New York, 87 pp." type="book" year="1948">BLACKWELDER & BLACKWELDER (1948)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
:11
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A8D0659FF5F09E16248FE46CDE2FE4A" author="WENZEL R." box="[799,968,417,436]" page="374" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" year="1962">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD5DB9FF5F09E16248FE46CD8AFE4A" author="WENZEL R." box="[799,928,417,436]" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" pagination="372 - 379" refId="ref122389" refString="WENZEL R. 1962: Histeridae, the Hister Beetles. Pp. 372 - 379. In: ARNETT R. H. JR. (ed.): Beetles of the United States, Fasc. 26. Catholic University of America Press, Washington, D. C." type="book chapter" year="1962">WENZEL (1962)</bibRefCitation>
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||
:374
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A8D0659FF5F09E16298FE46CEFCFE31" author="DAHLGREN G." page="237" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" year="1962">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD5DB9FF5F09E16298FE46CA49FE4A" author="DAHLGREN G." box="[975,1123,417,436]" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" pagination="237 - 248" refId="ref113549" refString="DAHLGREN G. 1962: Uber einige Saprinus-Arten (Col. Histeridae). Opuscula Entomologica (Lund) 27: 237 - 248." type="journal article" year="1962">DAHLGREN (1962)</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 237
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
–248;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A8D0659FF5F09E1605AFE5BCF9FFE31" author="HATCH M. H." box="[269,437,444,463]" page="257" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" year="1962">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD5DB9FF5F09E1605AFE5BCFA2FE31" author="HATCH M. H." box="[269,392,444,463]" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" pagination="1 - 503" refId="ref115372" refString="HATCH M. H. 1962: The beetles of the Pacific Northwest. Part. III: Pselaphidae and Diversicornia I. University of Washington Publications in Biology 16: 1 - 503 + i-ix." type="journal article" year="1962">HATCH (1962)</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 257
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||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A8D0659FF5F09E160E8FE5BCC46FE31" author="HALSTEAD D. G. H." box="[447,620,444,463]" page="9" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" year="1963">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD5DB9FF5F09E160E8FE5BCC7CFE31" author="HALSTEAD D. G. H." box="[447,598,444,463]" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" refId="ref115240" refString="HALSTEAD D. G. H. 1963: Handbooks for the Identification of British insects. Vol. IV, part 10. Coleoptera Histeroidea. Royal Entomological Society of London, London, 16 pp." type="book" year="1963">HALSTEAD (1963)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 9
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A8D0659FF5F09E16320FE5BCD16FE31" author="DAHLGREN G." box="[631,828,444,463]" page="152" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" year="1964">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD5DB9FF5F09E16320FE5BCD3AFE31" author="DAHLGREN G." box="[631,784,444,463]" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" pagination="152 - 162" refId="ref113574" refString="DAHLGREN G. 1964: Funf neue und einige andere Arten von Saprinus (Col. Histeridae). Opuscula Entomologica (Lund) 20: 152 - 162." type="journal article" year="1964">DAHLGREN (1964)</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 152
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||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
–162;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A8D0659FF5F09E16225FE5BCA1CFE31" author="DAHLGREN G." box="[882,1078,444,463]" page="213" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" year="1967">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD5DB9FF5F09E16225FE5BCA26FE31" author="DAHLGREN G." box="[882,1036,444,463]" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" pagination="213 - 224" refId="ref113604" refString="DAHLGREN G. 1967: Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Gattung Saprinus (Col. Histeridae). Opuscula Entomologica (Lund) 32: 213 - 224." type="journal article" year="1967">DAHLGREN (1967)</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 213
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
–224;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A8D0659FF5F09E161E2FE30CF5BFE17" author="DAHLGREN G." box="[181,369,470,490]" page="82" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" year="1968">
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBD5DB9FF5F09E161E2FE30CF7EFE17" author="DAHLGREN G." box="[181,340,470,490]" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" pagination="82 - 94" refId="ref113632" refString="DAHLGREN G. 1968 a: Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Gattung Saprinus (Col. Histeridae). II. Opuscula Entomologica (Lund) 33: 82 - 94." type="journal article" year="1968">DAHLGREN (1968a)</bibRefCitation>
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||
:82
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
–94;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A8D0659FF5F09E160CDFE30CC48FE17" author="DAHLGREN G." box="[410,610,470,490]" page="255" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" year="1968">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBD5DB9FF5F09E160CDFE30CC10FE17" author="DAHLGREN G." box="[410,570,470,490]" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" pagination="255 - 268" refId="ref113663" refString="DAHLGREN G. 1968 b: Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Gattung Saprinus (Col. Histeridae). III. Entomologisk Tidskrift 89: 255 - 268." type="journal article" year="1968">DAHLGREN (1968b)</bibRefCitation>
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:255
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
–268;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A8D0659FF5F09E163C2FE30CD14FE17" author="HANSEN V." box="[661,830,470,490]" page="294" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" year="1968">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBD5DB9FF5F09E163C2FE30CD3CFE17" author="HANSEN V." box="[661,790,470,490]" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" refId="ref115278" refString="HANSEN V. 1968: Biller XXV. Adsebiller, Stumpbiller. Gads Forlag, Kobenhavn, 353 pp." type="book" year="1968">HANSEN (1968)</bibRefCitation>
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:294
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</treatmentCitation>
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||
, 320;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A8D0659FF5F09E16238FE30CA1DFE17" author="DAHLGREN G." box="[879,1079,470,490]" page="257" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" year="1969">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD5DB9FF5F09E16238FE30CA25FE17" author="DAHLGREN G." box="[879,1039,470,490]" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" pagination="257 - 269" refId="ref113722" refString="DAHLGREN G. 1969 b: Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Gattung Saprinus (Col. Histeridae). IV. Opuscula Entomologica (Lund) 34: 257 - 269." type="journal article" year="1969">DAHLGREN (1969b)</bibRefCitation>
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:257
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</treatmentCitation>
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–269;
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0A8D0659FF5F09E161E2FE16CF47FDFA" author="WITZGALL K." box="[181,365,497,516]" page="168" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" year="1971">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBD5DB9FF5F09E161E2FE16CF6DFDFA" author="WITZGALL K." box="[181,327,497,516]" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" refId="ref122533" refString="WITZGALL K. 1971: Histeroidea. Pp. 156 - 189. In: FREUDE H., HARDE K. W. & LOHSE G. A. (eds.): Die Kafer Mitteleuropas, Band 3, Adephaga 2, Palpicornia, Histeroidea, Staphylinoidea 1. Goecke & Evers in Gustav Fischer Verlag, Krefeld, 365 pp." type="book" year="1971">WITZGALL (1971)</bibRefCitation>
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:168
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</treatmentCitation>
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–172;
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0A8D0659FF5F09E160F6FE16CC13FDFA" author="MAZUR S." box="[417,569,497,516]" page="26" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" year="1973">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBD5DB9FF5F09E160F6FE16CC36FDFA" author="MAZUR S." box="[417,540,497,516]" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" refId="ref118330" refString="MAZUR S. 1973: Sphaeritidae i gniliki Histeridae. [Sphaeritidae and Histeridae]. Klucze do oznaczania owadow Polski. [Key to the identification of Polish insects]. Vol. XIX, part 11 - 12. Polish Entomological Society, Warszawa, 74 pp (in Polish)" type="book" year="1973">MAZUR (1973)</bibRefCitation>
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: 26
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</treatmentCitation>
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, 29;
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<treatmentCitation id="0A8D0659FF5F09E16308FE16CD9CFDFA" author="KRYZHANOVSKIJ O. L. & REICHARDT A. N." box="[607,950,497,516]" page="111" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" year="1976">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBD5DB9FF5F09E16308FE16CDA4FDFA" author="KRYZHANOVSKIJ O. L. & REICHARDT A. N." box="[607,910,497,516]" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" refId="ref117064" refString="KRYZHANOVSKIJ O. L. & REICHARDT A. N. 1976: Zhuki Nadsemeystva Histeroidea (semeystva Sphaeritidae, Histeridae, Synteliidae). [Beetles of the superfamily Histeroidea (families Sphaeritidae, Histeridae, Syntelidae)]. Fauna SSSR, Zhestokrylye, Vyp. 4. Nauka, Leningrad, 434 pp (in Russian)." type="book" year="1976">KRYZHANOVSKIJ & REICHARDT (1976)</bibRefCitation>
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:111
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<treatmentCitation id="0A8D0659FF5F09E162B0FE16CEFDFDE1" author="VIENNA P." page="116" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" year="1980">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBD5DB9FF5F09E162B0FE16CA49FDFA" author="VIENNA P." box="[999,1123,497,516]" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" refId="ref122194" refString="VIENNA P. 1980: Fauna d'Italia. Vol. XVI. Coleoptera Histeridae. Bologna, Calderini Press, ix + 386 pp." type="book" year="1980">
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<collectingRegion id="49E8EEAAFF5F09E162B0FE16CA0FFDFD" box="[999,1061,497,516]" country="Austria" name="Wien" pageId="200" pageNumber="197">VIENNA</collectingRegion>
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(1980)
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||
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: 116
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</treatmentCitation>
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, 129;
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<treatmentCitation id="0A8D0659FF5F09E1605CFDEBCFDDFDE1" author="MAZUR S. & KASZAB Z." box="[267,503,524,543]" page="6" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" year="1980">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBD5DB9FF5F09E1605CFDEBCFC8FDE1" author="MAZUR S. & KASZAB Z." box="[267,482,524,543]" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" refId="ref118755" refString="MAZUR S. & KASZAB Z. 1980: Sutabogarak - Histeridae. 14. Fuzet. Fauna Hungariae. 138. VII Kotet. Academic Press, Budapest, 123 pp (In Hungarian)" type="book" year="1980">MAZUR & KASZAB (1980)</bibRefCitation>
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: 6
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
, 25;
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0A8D0659FF5F09E16377FDEBCCEFFDE1" author="MAZUR S." box="[544,709,524,543]" page="71" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" year="1981">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBD5DB9FF5F09E16377FDEBCC8DFDE1" author="MAZUR S." box="[544,679,524,543]" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" refId="ref118463" refString="MAZUR S. 1981 a: Histeridae - Gnilikowate (Insecta: Coleoptera). Fauna Polski, Tom 9. Polish Entomological Society, Warszawa, 206 pp (In Polish)" type="book" year="1981">MAZUR (1981a)</bibRefCitation>
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: 71
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<treatmentCitation id="0A8D0659FF5F09E163B9FDEBCDA1FDE1" author="MAZUR S." box="[750,907,524,543]" page="44" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" year="1984">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBD5DB9FF5F09E163B9FDEBCD41FDE1" author="MAZUR S." box="[750,875,524,543]" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" pagination="1 - 376" refId="ref118519" refString="MAZUR S. 1984: A world catalogue of Histeridae. Polskie Pismo Entomologiczne 54 (3 - 4): 1 - 376." type="journal article" year="1984">MAZUR (1984)</bibRefCitation>
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: 44
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0A8D0659FF5F09E162C4FDECCA12FDE1" author="OHARA M." box="[915,1080,523,543]" page="215" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" year="1994">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBD5DB9FF5F09E162C4FDECCA24FDE1" author="OHARA M." box="[915,1038,523,543]" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" pagination="1 - 238" refId="ref119358" refString="OHARA M. 1994: A revision of the superfamily Histeroidea of Japan (Coleoptera). Insecta Matsumurana (N. S.) 51: 1 - 238." type="journal article" year="1994">ÔHARA (1994)</bibRefCitation>
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<treatmentCitation id="0A8D0659FF5F09E161E2FDC0CF96FDC7" author="DOWNIE N. M. & ARNETT R. H. JR." box="[181,444,550,570]" page="607" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" year="1996">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBD5DB9FF5F09E161E2FDC0CFBBFDC7" author="DOWNIE N. M. & ARNETT R. H. JR." box="[181,401,550,570]" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" refId="ref114280" refString="DOWNIE N. M. & ARNETT R. H. JR. 1996: The beetles of northeastern North America. Volume I: Introduction; suborders Archostemata, Adephaga, and Polyphaga, thru superfamily Cantharoidea. The Sandhill Crane Press, Gainesvilles, FL, xiv + 879 pp." type="book" year="1996">DOWNIE & ARNETT (1996)</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0A8D0659FF5F09E16093FDC1CCB1FDC7" author="SECQ M. & SECQ B." box="[452,667,550,569]" page="10" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" year="1997">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBD5DB9FF5F09E16093FDC1CC56FDC7" author="SECQ M. & SECQ B." box="[452,636,550,569]" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" pagination="9 - 21" refId="ref121288" refString="SECQ M. & SECQ B. 1997 a: Les Saprinus Erichson de la faune de France (Col. Histeridae). Premiere partie. L'Entomologiste 53: 9 - 21." type="journal article" year="1997">SECQ & SECQ (1997a)</bibRefCitation>
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: 10
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0A8D0659FF5F09E163F3FDC0CD4AFDC7" author="KIM J. I. & LIM E. J." box="[676,864,550,570]" page="60" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" year="1997">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBD5DB9FF5F09E163F3FDC0CD6BFDC7" author="KIM J. I. & LIM E. J." box="[676,833,550,570]" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" pagination="59 - 76" refId="ref116355" refString="KIM J. I. & LIM E. J. 1997: Fauna of Korean Histeridae (Coleoptera). Entomological Research Bulletin 23: 59 - 76." type="journal article" year="1997">KIM & LIM (1997)</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0A8D0659FF5F09E1623FFDC0CA25FDC7" author="MAZUR S." box="[872,1039,550,570]" page="218" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" year="1997">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBD5DB9FF5F09E1623FFDC0CDCFFDC7" author="MAZUR S." box="[872,997,550,570]" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" pagination="1 - 373" refId="ref118633" refString="MAZUR S. 1997: A world catalogue of the Histeridae (Coleoptera: Histeridae). Genus, Supplement, pp. 1 - 373." type="book chapter" year="1997">MAZUR (1997)</bibRefCitation>
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<treatmentCitation id="0A8D0659FF5F09E16540FDC1CF14FDAA" author="OHARA M. & PAIK J. - C." page="28" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" year="1998">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBD5DB9FF5F09E16540FDC1CF34FDAA" author="OHARA M. & PAIK J. - C." pageId="200" pageNumber="197" pagination="1 - 32" refId="ref119389" refString="OHARA M. & PAIK J. - C. 1998: Notes on the histerid beetles of Korea (Coleoptera: Histeridae) with description of two species and redescription of three species. Insecta Matsumurana (N. S.) 54: 1 - 32." type="journal article" year="1998">ÔHARA & PAIK (1998)</bibRefCitation>
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: 28
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0A8D0659FF5F09E16011FDA6CC59FDAA" author="BOUSQUET Y. & LAPLANTE S." box="[326,627,577,596]" page="141" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" year="1999">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBD5DB9FF5F09E16011FDA6CC63FDAA" author="BOUSQUET Y. & LAPLANTE S." box="[326,585,577,596]" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" pagination="1 - 190" refId="ref112971" refString="BOUSQUET Y. & LAPLANTE S. 1999: Les Coleopteres Histerides du Quebec. Fabreries, Supplement 8: 1 - 190." type="journal article" year="1999">BOUSQUET & LAPLANTE (1999)</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, 150;
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<treatmentCitation id="0A8D0659FF5F09E163F0FDA6CD69FDAA" author="MAZUR S." box="[679,835,577,596]" page="19" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" year="2001">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFBD5DB9FF5F09E163F0FDA6CD0EFDAA" author="MAZUR S." box="[679,804,577,596]" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" pagination="17 - 66" refId="ref118660" refString="MAZUR S. 2001: Review of the Histeridae (Coleoptera) of Mexico. Dugesiana 8: 17 - 66." type="journal article" year="2001">MAZUR (2001)</bibRefCitation>
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: 19
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</treatmentCitation>
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, 31;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A8D0659FF5F09E1623AFDA6CEFDFD91" author="KOVARIK P. W. & CATERINO M. S." page="220" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" year="2001">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD5DB9FF5F09E1623AFDA6CA49FDAA" author="KOVARIK P. W. & CATERINO M. S." box="[877,1123,577,596]" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" pagination="212 - 227" refId="ref116486" refString="KOVARIK P. W. & CATERINO M. S. 2001: Histeridae Gyllenhal, 1808. Pp. 212 - 227. In: ARNETT R. H. JR. & THOMAS M. C. (eds.): American beetles: Archostemata, Myxophaga, Adephaga, Polyphaga: Staphyliniformia. Volume 1. CRC Press, Boca Raton, xv + 443 pp." type="book chapter" year="2001">KOVARIK & CATERINO (2001)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 220
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, 223;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A8D0659FF5F09E1605CFDBBCFEEFD91" author="YELAMOS T." box="[267,452,604,623]" page="245" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" year="2002">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD5DB9FF5F09E1605CFDBBCFB3FD91" author="YELAMOS T." box="[267,409,604,623]" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" refId="ref122718" refString="YELAMOS T. 2002: Coleoptera, Histeridae. In: RAMOS M. A., TERCEDOR J. A, BELLES-ROS X., GOSAL- BEZ-NOGUERA J., SIERRA A. G., MAYOL E. M., PIERA F. M., MARINO J. S. & GONZALEZ J. T. (eds.): Fauna Iberica. Vol. 17. Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, CSCI, Madrid, 411 pp." type="book" year="2002">YÉLAMOS (2002)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 245
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, 255, 256;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A8D0659FF5F09E16375FDBBCC95FD91" author="MAZUR S." box="[546,703,604,623]" page="96" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" year="2004">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD5DB9FF5F09E16375FDBBCCB5FD91" author="MAZUR S." box="[546,671,604,623]" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" pagination="68 - 102" refId="ref118682" refString="MAZUR S. 2004: Family Histeridae. Pp. 68 - 102. In: LOBL I. & SMETANA A. (eds.): Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera, Vol. 2, Hydrophiloidea-Histeroidea-Staphylinidea. Apollo Books, Stenstrup, 942 pp." type="book chapter" year="2004">MAZUR (2004)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 96
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A8D0659FF5F09E1639FFDBBCDC3FD91" author="BOUSQUET Y. & LAPLANTE S." box="[712,1001,604,623]" page="79" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" year="2006">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD5DB9FF5F09E1639FFDBBCDE3FD91" author="BOUSQUET Y. & LAPLANTE S." box="[712,969,604,623]" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" refId="ref112995" refString="BOUSQUET Y. & LAPLANTE S. 2006: The Insects and Arachnids of Canada. Part 24. Coleoptera Histeridae. NRC Research Press, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, 485 pp." type="book" year="2006">BOUSQUET & LAPLANTE (2006)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 79
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, 81, 101.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B932048FF5F09E161C0FD90CA33FD77" blockId="200.[151,1128,257,650]" box="[151,1049,630,650]" pageId="200" pageNumber="197">
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5F09E161C0FD90CF3CFD77" box="[151,278,631,649]" italics="true" pageId="200" pageNumber="197">Plesiosaprinus</emphasis>
|
||
: HOULBERT & MONNOT (1923): 72 (
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5F09E16314FD90CC91FD77" box="[579,699,631,649]" italics="true" pageId="200" pageNumber="197">nomen nudum</emphasis>
|
||
). Synonymized by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD5DB9FF5F09E16234FD91CDC1FD77" author="COOMAN A." box="[867,1003,630,649]" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" pagination="421 - 428" refId="ref113394" refString="COOMAN A. 1947: Coleopteres Histeridae d'Extreme-Orient. Notes d'Entomologie Chinoise 11: 421 - 428." type="journal article" year="1947">COOMAN (1947)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 428.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33673C3FF5F09E061C0FD45CD83FC2A" lastPageId="201" lastPageNumber="194" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B932048FF5F09E161C0FD45CC94FA04" blockId="200.[151,1127,674,1530]" pageId="200" pageNumber="197">
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5F09E161C0FD45CF21FD44" bold="true" box="[151,267,674,698]" pageId="200" pageNumber="197">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
Body usually moderately-sized to rather large for the subfamily (2.50–10.00 mm); cuticle often metallic, occasionally black or light brown. Antennal club round, usually without visible articulation, although in some species, e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C5BCBFF5F09E16394FD04CDD2FD04" baseAuthorityName="Marseul" baseAuthorityYear="1855" box="[707,1016,738,762]" class="Insecta" family="Histeridae" genus="Saprinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pharao" subGenus="Phaonius">
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5F09E16394FD04CD08FD04" box="[707,802,739,762]" italics="true" pageId="200" pageNumber="197">Saprinus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5F09E16263FD04CDB3FD04" box="[820,921,739,762]" italics="true" pageId="200" pageNumber="197">Phaonius</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5F09E162FCFD04CDD2FD04" box="[939,1016,739,762]" italics="true" pageId="200" pageNumber="197">pharao</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, ventrally with 4 slit-like pits and dorsally with 2 slit-like pits roughly corresponding to sutures between antennomeres. Surface of antennal club in most cases, except for slit-like pits that are with sensilla basiconica, entirely covered with short dense sensilla and sporadic longer erect sensilla, occasionally with a large sensory area on apical part of club; sensorial patches usually present on ventral surface of club, variously shaped. Eyes convex, normally well visible from above. Frontal stria in most cases interrupted, only rarely complete, never cariniform, at times prolonged onto clypeus; lateral pronotal stria never present, marginal pronotal stria usually complete, sometimes interrupted or weakened behind head; pronotal hypomeron in most cases glabrous; in psammophilous species setose. Elytral humeri usually slightly prominent; elytra often with ‘mirrors’; dorsal elytral striae shortened, never reaching elytral apex (although in some species united inner subhumeral and humeral elytral striae can be almost nearing it); their configuration variable, but fifth dorsal elytral stria never present; humeral elytral stria in some taxa united with inner subhumeral stria creating thus a complimentary dorsal elytral stria parallel to first dorsal elytral stria; elytral disc in some cases with red or yellow maculae or transverse patch. Prosternal process with both sets of prosternal striae well developed, their configuration variable and useful in species determination, pre-apical foveae absent (present only in subgenus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C5BCBFF5F09E16001FAE4CFC6FAE4" authorityName="Kryzhanovskij" authorityYear="1976" box="[342,492,1283,1306]" class="Insecta" family="Histeridae" genus="Saprinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="200" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Hemisaprinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5F09E16001FAE4CFC6FAE4" box="[342,492,1283,1306]" italics="true" pageId="200" pageNumber="197">Hemisaprinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); surface between carinal prosternal striae usually convex, rarely flattened; metaventrite in males flattened, often with longitudinal depression; males of some species with two tubercles near or on posterior margin of metaventrite. Protibia, except for psammophilous taxa, not particularly dilated, outer margin with 5–12 moderately sized to short teeth topped with short denticle; anterior margin not truncate; meso- and metatibiae in most cases not thickened or dilated; males of some species possess brush-like long sclerotized setae on their mesotarsi. Shape and structure of male terminalia very useful (and in numerous cases the only possible way) in species recognition.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B932048FF5E09E06126FF3CCD83FC2A" blockId="201.[113,1089,219,1588]" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5E09E06126FF3CCF42FF0D" bold="true" box="[113,360,219,243]" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">Differential diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
Species of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C5BCBFF5E09E06312FF3ACC89FF0A" authorityName=": LACORDAIRE" authorityYear="1854" box="[581,675,221,244]" class="Insecta" family="Histeridae" genus="Saprinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="201" pageNumber="194" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5E09E06312FF3ACC89FF0A" box="[581,675,221,244]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">Saprinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be confused with several externally similar genera, especially
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C5BCBFF5E09E060D1FF1ACFC8FEEA" authorityName="Motschulsky" authorityYear="1845" box="[390,482,253,276]" class="Insecta" family="Histeridae" genus="Styphrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="201" pageNumber="194" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5E09E060D1FF1ACFC8FEEA" box="[390,482,253,276]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">Styphrus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C5BCBFF5E09E060A7FF1ACC1FFEEA" authorityName="Reichardt" authorityYear="1932" box="[496,565,253,276]" class="Insecta" family="Histeridae" genus="Zorius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="201" pageNumber="194" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5E09E060A7FF1ACC1FFEEA" box="[496,565,253,276]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">Zorius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C5BCBFF5E09E06337FF1ACD91FEEA" baseAuthorityName="Marseul" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[608,955,252,276]" class="Insecta" family="Histeridae" genus="Euspilotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="201" pageNumber="194" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perrisi" subGenus="Neosaprinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5E09E06337FF1ACCE5FEEA" box="[608,719,253,276]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">Euspilotus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5E09E06388FF1ACD4EFEEA" box="[735,868,253,276]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">Neosaprinus</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5E09E06222FF1ACD91FEEA" box="[885,955,253,276]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">perrisi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. They differ from the most other Palaearctic genera by the combination of widely interrupted frontal stria (only rarely complete), absent pre-apical foveae (but present in subgenus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C5BCBFF5E09E0622AFEDACA3BFEAA" box="[893,1041,317,340]" class="Insecta" family="Histeridae" genus="Styphrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="201" pageNumber="194" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Hemisaprinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5E09E0622AFEDACA3BFEAA" box="[893,1041,317,340]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">Hemisaprinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, see below) and usually present pronotal foveae. Likewise, species of this genus are larger in general than members of other genera. From the only Palaearctic representative of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C5BCBFF5E09E06289FE9ACA10FE6A" authorityName="Motschulsky" authorityYear="1845" box="[990,1082,381,404]" class="Insecta" family="Histeridae" genus="Styphrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="201" pageNumber="194" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5E09E06289FE9ACA10FE6A" box="[990,1082,381,404]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">Styphrus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C5BCBFF5E09E06126FE7ACF23FE4A" authorityName="Motschulsky" authorityYear="1845" box="[113,265,413,436]" class="Insecta" family="Histeridae" genus="Styphrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="201" pageNumber="194" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="corpulentus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5E09E06126FE7ACF23FE4A" box="[113,265,413,436]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">S. corpulentus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, they differ chiefly by the punctate frontal disc (impunctate in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C5BCBFF5E09E062FAFE7ACA23FE4A" authorityName="Motschulsky" authorityYear="1845" box="[941,1033,413,436]" class="Insecta" family="Histeridae" genus="Styphrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="201" pageNumber="194" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5E09E062FAFE7ACA23FE4A" box="[941,1033,413,436]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">Styphrus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and shorter, curved meso- and metatarsal claws (longer and almost straight in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C5BCBFF5E09E0622FFE5ACDFEFE2A" authorityName="Motschulsky" authorityYear="1845" box="[888,980,445,468]" class="Insecta" family="Histeridae" genus="Styphrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="201" pageNumber="194" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5E09E0622FFE5ACDFEFE2A" box="[888,980,445,468]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">Styphrus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Furthermore, lateral parts of all visible abdominal sternites are setose in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C5BCBFF5E09E0627EFE3ACDAFFE0A" authorityName="Motschulsky" authorityYear="1845" box="[809,901,477,500]" class="Insecta" family="Histeridae" genus="Styphrus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="201" pageNumber="194" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5E09E0627EFE3ACDAFFE0A" box="[809,901,477,500]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">Styphrus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
whereas they are normally asetose in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C5BCBFF5E09E0601AFE1ACF81FDEA" authorityName=": LACORDAIRE" authorityYear="1854" box="[333,427,509,532]" class="Insecta" family="Histeridae" genus="Saprinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="201" pageNumber="194" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5E09E0601AFE1ACF81FDEA" box="[333,427,509,532]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">Saprinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. From members of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C5BCBFF5E09E063A0FE1ACD16FDEA" authorityName="Reichardt" authorityYear="1932" box="[759,828,509,532]" class="Insecta" family="Histeridae" genus="Zorius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="201" pageNumber="194" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5E09E063A0FE1ACD16FDEA" box="[759,828,509,532]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">Zorius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
the species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C5BCBFF5E09E062B4FE1ACA6BFDEA" authorityName=": LACORDAIRE" authorityYear="1854" box="[995,1089,509,532]" class="Insecta" family="Histeridae" genus="Saprinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="201" pageNumber="194" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5E09E062B4FE1ACA6BFDEA" box="[995,1089,509,532]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">Saprinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differ chiefly by the form of the sensory structures of the antenna (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD5DB9FF5E09E06233FDFBCA26FDCA" author="LACKNER T." box="[868,1036,540,564]" pageId="201" pageNumber="194" pagination="119 - 129" refId="ref117286" refString="LACKNER T. 2009 b: Revision of the genus Zorius (Coleoptera: Histeridae). Folia Heyrovskyana, Series A 16: 119 - 129." type="journal article" year="2009">LACKNER 2009b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and the complete frontal stria (in most cases widely interrupted in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C5BCBFF5E09E063ADFDDACD72FDAA" authorityName=": LACORDAIRE" authorityYear="1854" box="[762,856,573,596]" class="Insecta" family="Histeridae" genus="Saprinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="201" pageNumber="194" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5E09E063ADFDDACD72FDAA" box="[762,856,573,596]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">Saprinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), more flattened eyes, absent pronotal foveae (often present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C5BCBFF5E09E0634AFDBACC51FD8A" authorityName=": LACORDAIRE" authorityYear="1854" box="[541,635,605,628]" class="Insecta" family="Histeridae" genus="Saprinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="201" pageNumber="194" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5E09E0634AFDBACC51FD8A" box="[541,635,605,628]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">Saprinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) as well as the elevated anterior margin of clypeus. From the sole Palaearctic representative of the subgenus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C5BCBFF5E09E06267FD9ACD9FFD6A" authorityName="Bickhardt" authorityYear="1909" box="[816,949,637,660]" class="Insecta" family="Histeridae" genus="Euspilotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="201" pageNumber="194" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Neosaprinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5E09E06267FD9ACD9FFD6A" box="[816,949,637,660]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">Neosaprinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C5BCBFF5E09E06126FD7ACECAFD4A" authorityName=": BICKHARDT" authorityYear="1916" box="[113,224,669,692]" class="Insecta" family="Histeridae" genus="Euspilotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="201" pageNumber="194" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5E09E06126FD7ACECAFD4A" box="[113,224,669,692]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">Euspilotus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C5BCBFF5E09E061B8FD7ACFD9FD4A" baseAuthorityName="Marseul" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[239,499,668,692]" class="Insecta" family="Histeridae" genus="Euspilotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="201" pageNumber="194" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perrisi" subGenus="Neosaprinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5E09E061B8FD7ACF2DFD4A" box="[239,263,669,692]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">E.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5E09E06040FD7ACFB6FD4A" box="[279,412,669,692]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">Neosaprinus</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5E09E060FAFD7ACFD9FD4A" box="[429,499,669,692]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">perrisi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the members of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C5BCBFF5E09E063E7FD7ACD24FD4A" authorityName=": LACORDAIRE" authorityYear="1854" box="[688,782,669,692]" class="Insecta" family="Histeridae" genus="Saprinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="201" pageNumber="194" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5E09E063E7FD7ACD24FD4A" box="[688,782,669,692]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">Saprinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
chiefly differ by the present supraorbital stria and absent pre-apical foveae (present and vaguely connected with the marginal prosternal stria in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C5BCBFF5E09E0607CFD3ACF96FD0A" baseAuthorityName="Marseul" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[299,444,732,756]" class="Insecta" family="Histeridae" genus="Euspilotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="201" pageNumber="194" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perrisi" subGenus="Neosaprinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5E09E0607CFD3ACF69FD0A" box="[299,323,733,756]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">E.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5E09E06007FD3ACF43FD0A" box="[336,361,733,756]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">N.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5E09E06021FD3ACF96FD0A" box="[374,444,733,756]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">perrisi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); furthermore, females of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C5BCBFF5E09E0639BFD3ACD77FD0A" baseAuthorityName="Marseul" baseAuthorityYear="1872" box="[716,861,732,756]" class="Insecta" family="Histeridae" genus="Euspilotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="201" pageNumber="194" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="perrisi" subGenus="Neosaprinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5E09E0639BFD3ACCCEFD0A" box="[716,740,733,756]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">E.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5E09E063A6FD3ACD20FD0A" box="[753,778,733,756]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">N.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5E09E06240FD3ACD77FD0A" box="[791,861,733,756]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">perrisi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
possess curious pygidial sulci. Species of the subgenus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C5BCBFF5E09E0608AFD1ACC5BFCEA" authorityName="Kryzhanovskij" authorityYear="1976" box="[477,625,765,788]" class="Insecta" family="Histeridae" genus="Saprinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="201" pageNumber="194" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Hemisaprinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5E09E0608AFD1ACC5BFCEA" box="[477,625,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">Hemisaprinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
possess pre-apical foveae and as such could be confused with several Palaearctic genera, e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C5BCBFF5E09E06322FCFACCDCFCCA" authorityName=": SCHMIDT" authorityYear="1885" box="[629,758,797,820]" class="Insecta" family="Histeridae" genus="Hypocaccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="201" pageNumber="194" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5E09E06322FCFACCDCFCCA" box="[629,758,797,820]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">Hypocaccus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C5BCBFF5E09E06254FCFACDBCFCCA" authorityName=": REICHARDT" authorityYear="1941" box="[771,918,797,820]" class="Insecta" family="Histeridae" genus="Chalcionellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="201" pageNumber="194" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5E09E06254FCFACDBCFCCA" box="[771,918,797,820]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">Chalcionellus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C5BCBFF5E09E062EFFCFACA10FCCA" authorityName=": REICHARDT" authorityYear="1941" box="[952,1082,797,820]" class="Insecta" family="Histeridae" genus="Pholioxenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="201" pageNumber="194" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5E09E062EFFCFACA10FCCA" box="[952,1082,797,820]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">Pholioxenus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but differs from them chiefly by the largely interrupted frontal stria (usually complete in the afore-mentioned taxa) and anteriorly divergent and ‘open’ carinal prosternal striae (usually anteriorly convergent and often united apically in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C5BCBFF5E09E06325FC9ACCD8FC6A" authorityName=": SCHMIDT" authorityYear="1885" box="[626,754,893,916]" class="Insecta" family="Histeridae" genus="Hypocaccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="201" pageNumber="194" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5E09E06325FC9ACCD8FC6A" box="[626,754,893,916]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">Hypocaccus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C5BCBFF5E09E063A9FC9ACDBAFC6A" authorityName=": REICHARDT" authorityYear="1941" box="[766,912,893,916]" class="Insecta" family="Histeridae" genus="Chalcionellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="201" pageNumber="194" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5E09E063A9FC9ACDBAFC6A" box="[766,912,893,916]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">Chalcionellus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C5BCBFF5E09E062F8FC9ACA1BFC6A" authorityName=": REICHARDT" authorityYear="1941" box="[943,1073,893,916]" class="Insecta" family="Histeridae" genus="Pholioxenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="201" pageNumber="194" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5E09E062F8FC9ACA1BFC6A" box="[943,1073,893,916]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">Pholioxenus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Some species of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C5BCBFF5E09E060C4FC7ACC0CFC4A" authorityName=": REICHARDT" authorityYear="1941" box="[403,550,925,948]" class="Insecta" family="Histeridae" genus="Chalcionellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="201" pageNumber="194" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5E09E060C4FC7ACC0CFC4A" box="[403,550,925,948]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">Chalcionellus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have similarly widely interrupted frontal stria, but their carinal prosternal striae are usually convergent and not ‘open’ anteriorly.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33673C3FF5E09E06126FC3CCC69FB0A" pageId="201" pageNumber="194" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B932048FF5E09E06126FC3CCC69FB0A" blockId="201.[113,1089,219,1588]" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5E09E06126FC3CCEE4FC0D" bold="true" box="[113,206,987,1011]" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">Biology.</emphasis>
|
||
Most species of this genus prefer open xerophilous landscapes; only few species inhabit mesic biotopes. They are most frequently collected on the carrion, less so in dung; in both cases they prey on eggs or larvae of soft-bodied insects, especially flies; according to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD5DB9FF5E09E06126FBDBCF05FBAA" author="REICHARDT A." box="[113,303,1084,1108]" pageId="201" pageNumber="194" refId="ref120382" refString="REICHARDT A. 1941: Semeystva Sphaeritidae i Histeridae (Vol. 1). [Families Sphaeritidae and Histeridae]. Fauna SSSR, Nasekomye Zhestokrylye, V, 3. Nauka, Moskva-Leningrad, xiii + 419 pp." type="book" year="1941">REICHARDT (1941)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
several central Asian species are even able to capture adult flies on dung. Some species are even attracted to flowers (THÉROND 1931;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD5DB9FF5E09E063B0FBBBCDBFFB8A" author="REICHARDT A." box="[743,917,1116,1140]" pageId="201" pageNumber="194" refId="ref120382" refString="REICHARDT A. 1941: Semeystva Sphaeritidae i Histeridae (Vol. 1). [Families Sphaeritidae and Histeridae]. Fauna SSSR, Nasekomye Zhestokrylye, V, 3. Nauka, Moskva-Leningrad, xiii + 419 pp." type="book" year="1941">REICHARDT 1941</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD5DB9FF5E09E062C8FBBBCF14FB6D" author="KRYZHANOVSKIJ O. L. & REICHARDT A. N." pageId="201" pageNumber="194" refId="ref117064" refString="KRYZHANOVSKIJ O. L. & REICHARDT A. N. 1976: Zhuki Nadsemeystva Histeroidea (semeystva Sphaeritidae, Histeridae, Synteliidae). [Beetles of the superfamily Histeroidea (families Sphaeritidae, Histeridae, Syntelidae)]. Fauna SSSR, Zhestokrylye, Vyp. 4. Nauka, Leningrad, 434 pp (in Russian)." type="book" year="1976">KRYZHANOVSKIJ & REICHARDT 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD5DB9FF5E09E0601EFB9BCFFDFB6A" author="VIENNA P." box="[329,471,1148,1172]" pageId="201" pageNumber="194" refId="ref122194" refString="VIENNA P. 1980: Fauna d'Italia. Vol. XVI. Coleoptera Histeridae. Bologna, Calderini Press, ix + 386 pp." type="book" year="1980">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E8EEAAFF5E09E0601EFB9BCFBDFB6C" box="[329,407,1148,1171]" country="Austria" name="Wien" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">VIENNA</collectingRegion>
|
||
1980
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Lackner, pers. observ.). Some species, e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C5BCBFF5E09E062E3FB9ACF42FB4A" authority="(Paykull, 1809)" baseAuthorityName="Paykull" baseAuthorityYear="1809" class="Insecta" family="Histeridae" genus="Saprinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="201" pageNumber="194" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rugifer" subGenus="Saprinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5E09E062E3FB9ACDE3FB6A" box="[948,969,1149,1172]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">S.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5E09E0628EFB9ACA12FB6A" box="[985,1080,1149,1172]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">Saprinus</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5E09E06126FB7ACE91FB4A" box="[113,187,1181,1204]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">rugifer</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD5DB9FF5E09E0619FFB7BCF4AFB4A" author="PAYKULL G." box="[200,352,1180,1204]" pageId="201" pageNumber="194" pagination="228 - 232" refId="ref119776" refString="PAYKULL G. 1809: Beskrifning ofver fyra nya Svenska Insecter of Slagtet Hister. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps- Akademiens Handlingar 30: 228 - 232." type="journal article" year="1809">Paykull, 1809</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, live in the nests of birds; another taxa are fond of rotting fungi where they probably prey on fly larvae (e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C5BCBFF5E09E0635EFB5ACDA2FB2A" authority="Erichson, 1839" authorityName="Erichson" authorityYear="1839" box="[521,904,1212,1236]" class="Insecta" family="Histeridae" genus="Saprinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="201" pageNumber="194" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lautus" subGenus="Saprinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5E09E0635EFB5ACC37FB2A" box="[521,541,1213,1236]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">S.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5E09E0637AFB5ACCA6FB2A" box="[557,652,1213,1236]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">Saprinus</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5E09E063CBFB5ACCF7FB2A" box="[668,733,1213,1236]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">lautus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD5DB9FF5E09E063B3FB5BCDA2FB2A" author="ERICHSON W. F." box="[740,904,1212,1236]" pageId="201" pageNumber="194" pagination="485 - 740" refId="ref114422" refString="ERICHSON W. F. 1839: Die Kafer der Mark Brandenburg. Erster Band. Zweite Abtheilung. F. H. Morin, Berlin, pp. 485 - 740." type="book chapter" year="1839">Erichson, 1839</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD5DB9FF5E09E062C9FB5BCF17FB0D" author="KRYZHANOVSKIJ O. L. & REICHARDT A. N." pageId="201" pageNumber="194" refId="ref117064" refString="KRYZHANOVSKIJ O. L. & REICHARDT A. N. 1976: Zhuki Nadsemeystva Histeroidea (semeystva Sphaeritidae, Histeridae, Synteliidae). [Beetles of the superfamily Histeroidea (families Sphaeritidae, Histeridae, Syntelidae)]. Fauna SSSR, Zhestokrylye, Vyp. 4. Nauka, Leningrad, 434 pp (in Russian)." type="book" year="1976">KRYZHANOVSKIJ & REICHARDT 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Lackner, pers. observ.).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33673C3FF5E09E06126FB1CCD6EF9CA" pageId="201" pageNumber="194" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B932048FF5E09E06126FB1CCD6EF9CA" blockId="201.[113,1089,219,1588]" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5E09E06126FB1CCF2EFAED" bold="true" box="[113,260,1275,1299]" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
With 150 species occurring around the world (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD5DB9FF5E09E063ADFB1BCDAFFAEA" author="MAZUR S." box="[762,901,1276,1300]" pageId="201" pageNumber="194" pagination="1 - 373" refId="ref118633" refString="MAZUR S. 1997: A world catalogue of the Histeridae (Coleoptera: Histeridae). Genus, Supplement, pp. 1 - 373." type="book chapter" year="1997">MAZUR 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD5DB9FF5E09E062C7FB1BCA37FAED" author="VIENNA P. & GOMY Y." box="[912,1053,1275,1299]" pageId="201" pageNumber="194" pagination="325 - 331" refId="ref122321" refString="VIENNA P. & GOMY Y. 1996: Revisione del genere Terametopon Vienna e descrizione di una nuova specie di Namibia (Coleoptera, Histeridae). Nouvelle Revue d'Entomologie (N. S.) 13 (4): 325 - 331." type="journal article" year="1996">VIENNA 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
a,b; GOMY & VIENNA 1998;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD5DB9FF5E09E06031FAFBCFCEFACA" author="GOMY Y." box="[358,484,1308,1332]" pageId="201" pageNumber="194" pagination="395 - 397" refId="ref114997" refString="GOMY Y. 2000: Description d'un nouveau Saprinus Erichson du Benin (Coleoptera, Histeridae). Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique de France 105 (4): 395 - 397." type="journal article" year="2000">GOMY 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD5DB9FF5E09E060B9FAFBCC82FACA" author="THERY T. & GOMY Y. & DEGALLIER N." box="[494,680,1308,1332]" pageId="201" pageNumber="194" pagination="35 - 48" refId="ref121907" refString="THERY T., GOMY Y. & DEGALLIER N. 2009: Revision of Saprinus (Saprinus) splendens (Paykull, 1811) with description of Saprinus (Saprinus) secchii n. sp. (Coleoptera: Histeridae). Zootaxa 2055: 35 - 48." type="journal article" year="2009">THÉRY et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C5BCBFF5E09E06273FAFACDA9FACA" authorityName=": LACORDAIRE" authorityYear="1854" box="[804,899,1309,1332]" class="Insecta" family="Histeridae" genus="Saprinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="201" pageNumber="194" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5E09E06273FAFACDA9FACA" box="[804,899,1309,1332]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">Saprinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is the most species-rich genus of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C5BCBFF5E09E0601FFADBCF94FAAA" authorityName="Blanchard" authorityYear="1845" box="[328,446,1340,1364]" class="Insecta" family="Histeridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="201" pageNumber="194" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Saprininae">Saprininae</taxonomicName>
|
||
; most of its species occur in the Palaearctic and Afrotropical Regions. Only about 10 species are known from the Nearctic Region (8 from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33B60D8FF5E09E062CEFABBCDC3FA8A" box="[921,1001,1372,1396]" name="Canada" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">Canada</collectingCountry>
|
||
– BOUS- QUET & LAPLANTE (2006)), only 4 occur in South or Central America, 7–9 species occur in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33B60D8FF5E09E06126FA7BCEFCFA4A" box="[113,214,1436,1460]" name="Australia" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, 1–2 species in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33B60D8FF5E09E060D3FA7BCC04FA4A" box="[388,558,1436,1460]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CD48DADFF5E09E0636DFA7BCC4FFA4A" box="[570,613,1436,1460]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.016" pageId="201" pageNumber="194" unit="in" value="4.0">4 in</quantity>
|
||
New
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33B60D8FF5E09E063F0FA7BCCDDFA4A" box="[679,759,1436,1460]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and
|
||
<quantity id="4CD48DADFF5E09E06265FA7BCD76FA4A" box="[818,860,1436,1460]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="201" pageNumber="194" unit="in" value="2.0">2 in</quantity>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33B60D8FF5E09E06233FA7BCDD2FA4A" box="[868,1016,1436,1460]" name="New Zealand" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Some species, e.g.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C5BCBFF5E09E061AEFA5ACCA3FA2A" authority="(Illiger, 1807)" baseAuthorityName="Illiger" baseAuthorityYear="1807" box="[249,649,1468,1492]" class="Insecta" family="Histeridae" genus="Saprinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="201" pageNumber="194" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chalcites" subGenus="Saprinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5E09E061AEFA5ACF27FA2A" box="[249,269,1469,1492]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">S.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5E09E0604AFA5ACF56FA2A" box="[285,380,1469,1492]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">Saprinus</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5E09E060DCFA5ACFC0FA2A" box="[395,490,1469,1492]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">chalcites</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD5DB9FF5E09E060AEFA5BCCA8FA2A" author="ILLIGER K." box="[505,642,1468,1492]" pageId="201" pageNumber="194" pagination="28 - 80" refId="ref115877" refString="ILLIGER K. 1807: Portugiesiche Kafer (Fortsetzung). Magazin fur Insektenkunde 6: 28 - 80." type="journal article" year="1807">Illiger, 1807</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C5BCBFF5E09E063C3FA5ACA09FA2A" authority="Erichson, 1834" authorityName="Erichson" authorityYear="1834" box="[660,1059,1468,1492]" class="Insecta" family="Histeridae" genus="Saprinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="201" pageNumber="194" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cupreus" subGenus="Saprinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5E09E063C3FA5ACC83FA2A" box="[660,681,1469,1492]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">S.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5E09E063EFFA5ACD3DFA2A" box="[696,791,1469,1492]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">Saprinus</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5E09E06270FA5ACD51FA2A" box="[807,891,1469,1492]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">cupreus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD5DB9FF5E09E062D5FA5BCA09FA2A" author="ERICHSON W. F." box="[898,1059,1468,1492]" pageId="201" pageNumber="194" pagination="83 - 208" refId="ref114365" refString="ERICHSON W. F. 1834: Uebersich der Histeroides der Sammlung. Pp. 83 - 208. In: KLUG J. C. F.: Jahrbucher der Insectenkunde mit besonderer Rucksicht auf die Sammlung in Konigl. Museum in Berlin. Erster Band. Enslin, Berlin, viii + 296 pp." type="book chapter" year="1834">Erichson, 1834</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C5BCBFF5E09E06126FA3ACC0FFA0A" authority="(Paykull, 1811)" baseAuthorityName="Paykull" baseAuthorityYear="1811" box="[113,549,1500,1524]" class="Insecta" family="Histeridae" genus="Saprinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="201" pageNumber="194" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="splendens" subGenus="Saprinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5E09E06126FA3ACEACFA0A" box="[113,134,1501,1524]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">S.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5E09E061C0FA3ACEDCFA0A" box="[151,246,1501,1524]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">Saprinus</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5E09E0605FFA3ACF5BFA0A" box="[264,369,1501,1524]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">splendens</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD5DB9FF5E09E060D5FA3BCC36FA0A" author="PAYKULL G." box="[386,540,1500,1524]" pageId="201" pageNumber="194" refId="ref119802" refString="PAYKULL G. 1811: Monographia Histeroidum. Kessinger, Upsaliae, 114 pp." type="book" year="1811">Paykull, 1811</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, are widespread, other species, like
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C5BCBFF5E09E062E4FA3ACF93F9EA" authority="(Hoffmann, 1803)" baseAuthorityName="Hoffmann" baseAuthorityYear="1803" class="Insecta" family="Histeridae" genus="Saprinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="201" pageNumber="194" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caerulescens" subGenus="Saprinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5E09E062E4FA3ACDEDFA0A" box="[947,967,1501,1524]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">S.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5E09E0628EFA3ACA12FA0A" box="[985,1080,1501,1524]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">Saprinus</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5E09E06126FA1ACED2F9EA" box="[113,248,1533,1556]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">caerulescens</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD5DB9FF5E09E06053FA1BCF98F9EA" author="HOFFMANN J. J." box="[260,434,1532,1556]" pageId="201" pageNumber="194" pagination="1 - 119" refId="ref115507" refString="HOFFMANN J. J. 1803: Monographie der von Verfassern in dem Departamente vom Donnersberge, und den angegrenzenden Gegenden der Departamente von der Saar, und von Rhein und Mosel einheimisch beobachteten Stutzkafer (Hister.). Entomologische Hefte 1: 1 - 119." type="journal article" year="1803">Hoffmann, 1803</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C5BCBFF5E09E060BFFA1ACD8EF9EA" authority="Bickhardt, 1909" authorityName="Bickhardt" authorityYear="1909" box="[488,932,1532,1556]" class="Insecta" family="Histeridae" genus="Saprinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="201" pageNumber="194" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subnitescens" subGenus="Saprinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5E09E060BFFA1ACFD6F9EA" box="[488,508,1533,1556]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">S.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5E09E0635EFA1ACC4CF9EA" box="[521,614,1533,1556]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">Saprinus</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5E09E06324FA1ACCDDF9EA" box="[627,759,1533,1556]" italics="true" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">subnitescens</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD5DB9FF5E09E063ACFA1BCD8EF9EA" author="BICKHARDT H." box="[763,932,1532,1556]" pageId="201" pageNumber="194" pagination="240 - 246" refId="ref112581" refString="BICKHARDT H. 1909: Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Histeriden. III. Entomologische Blatter 5: 240 - 246." type="journal article" year="1909">Bickhardt, 1909</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, were probably introduced into
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F33B60D8FF5E09E0604DF9FBCF61F9CD" box="[282,331,1564,1587]" name="Peru" pageId="201" pageNumber="194">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
or North America, respectively (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD5DB9FF5E09E063FBF9FBCD1DF9CA" author="MAZUR S." box="[684,823,1564,1588]" pageId="201" pageNumber="194" pagination="1 - 373" refId="ref118633" refString="MAZUR S. 1997: A world catalogue of the Histeridae (Coleoptera: Histeridae). Genus, Supplement, pp. 1 - 373." type="book chapter" year="1997">MAZUR 1997</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C33673C3FF5D09E361C0FF3CCDA0FD2A" pageId="202" pageNumber="199" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B932048FF5D09E361C0FF3CCDA0FD2A" blockId="202.[151,1127,219,724]" pageId="202" pageNumber="199">
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5D09E361C0FF3CCF3CFF0D" bold="true" box="[151,278,219,243]" pageId="202" pageNumber="199">Discussion.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C5BCBFF5D09E3604DFF3ACF53FF0A" authorityName=": LACORDAIRE" authorityYear="1854" box="[282,377,221,244]" class="Insecta" family="Histeridae" genus="Saprinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="202" pageNumber="199" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5D09E3604DFF3ACF53FF0A" box="[282,377,221,244]" italics="true" pageId="202" pageNumber="199">Saprinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is the most species-rich genus of the Palaearctic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C5BCBFF5D09E36223FF3BCDC2FF0A" authorityName="Blanchard" authorityYear="1845" box="[884,1000,220,244]" class="Insecta" family="Histeridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="202" pageNumber="199" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Saprininae">Saprininae</taxonomicName>
|
||
, most likely polyphyletic with the respect to other smaller genera. Sensory strurctures of antennal club undergo remarkable transition among its subgenera (especially
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C5BCBFF5D09E3627DFEFACDA4FECA" authorityName="Reichardt" authorityYear="1941" box="[810,910,285,308]" class="Insecta" family="Histeridae" genus="Saprinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="202" pageNumber="206" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Phaonius">
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5D09E3627DFEFACDA4FECA" box="[810,910,285,308]" italics="true" pageId="202" pageNumber="199">Phaonius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), but also among the members of the nominotypical subgenus (for more details see DE MARZO &
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD5DB9FF5D09E362E6FEDBCA6EFEAA" author="VIENNA P." box="[945,1092,316,340]" pageId="202" pageNumber="199" refId="ref122194" refString="VIENNA P. 1980: Fauna d'Italia. Vol. XVI. Coleoptera Histeridae. Bologna, Calderini Press, ix + 386 pp." type="book" year="1980">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E8EEAAFF5D09E362E6FEDBCDD5FEAC" box="[945,1023,316,339]" country="Austria" name="Wien" pageId="202" pageNumber="199">VIENNA</collectingRegion>
|
||
(1980
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
a)), and the task for the future research would be to delineate the phylogenetically most valuable characters and define the monophyly of this taxon, or monophyletic groupings within it. The current concept of this genus implies that it is not well defined by synapomophies and the characters that are currently used for the taxonomic classification of this taxon are merely phenetic. The task of revising this genus on species level is enormous, given the number of species and their geographical distribution. Many species are geographically scattered, but very similar morphologically, which may imply cryptic genetic variation. Among the putative synapomorphies that characterise this taxon can be listed the sensory structures of antennal club (but see above!), absence of pre-apical foveae (but present in the subgenus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C5BCBFF5D09E362BAFDBACE96FD6A" authorityName="Kryzhanovskij" authorityYear="1976" class="Insecta" family="Histeridae" genus="Saprinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="202" pageNumber="199" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Hemisaprinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5D09E362BAFDBACE96FD6A" italics="true" pageId="202" pageNumber="199">Hemisaprinus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
!), interrupted frontal stria (but occasionally complete, e.g. in
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5D09E36260FD9ACD6EFD6A" box="[823,836,637,660]" italics="true" pageId="202" pageNumber="199">S</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5D09E3620EFD9ACD4CFD6A" box="[857,870,637,660]" italics="true" pageId="202" pageNumber="199">S</emphasis>
|
||
.).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C5BCBFF5D09E362D6FD9ACA71FD6D" authority="Marseul, 1855" authorityName="Marseul" authorityYear="1855" box="[897,1115,635,660]" class="Insecta" family="Histeridae" genus="Saprinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="202" pageNumber="199" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ruber">
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5D09E362D6FD9ACD96FD6A" box="[897,956,637,660]" italics="true" pageId="202" pageNumber="199">ruber</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFBD5DB9FF5D09E36297FD9BCA71FD6D" author="MARSEUL S. A." box="[960,1115,635,660]" pageId="202" pageNumber="199" pagination="677 - 758" refId="ref117906" refString="MARSEUL S. A. 1855: Essai monographique sur la familie des Histerides. (Suite). Annales de Societe Entomologique de France, Serie 3 3: 83 - 165, 327 - 506, 677 - 758." type="journal article" year="1855">Marseul, 1855</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). The presence of slit-like pits on the ventral side of the antennal club present in several of its members (e.g.
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5D09E36061FD5ACF69FD2A" box="[310,323,701,724]" italics="true" pageId="202" pageNumber="199">S</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2C5BCBFF5D09E36007FD5BCFE7FD2A" baseAuthorityName="Marseul" baseAuthorityYear="1855" box="[336,461,700,724]" class="Insecta" family="Histeridae" genus="Saprinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="202" pageNumber="199" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pharao" subGenus="Phaonius">
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5D09E3600EFD5ACF43FD2A" box="[345,361,701,724]" italics="true" pageId="202" pageNumber="199">P</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="B958FC5AFF5D09E360D7FD5ACFE7FD2A" box="[384,461,701,724]" italics="true" pageId="202" pageNumber="199">pharao</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) is considered a plesiomorphic character.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |