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<mods:title id="95A8A1BFD7FC5EED1956A807EE30512D">Morphology and Systematics of Kalophrynus interlineatus-pleurostigma Populations (Anura: Microhylidae: Kalophryninae) and a Taxonomy of the Genus Kalophrynus Tschudi, Asian Sticky Frogs</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="4C2CA9C2CC4AFFECFFD0588CFB026582" ID-CoL="6NK57" authority="Inger, 1966 Mengiong Sticky Frog" authorityName="Inger" authorityYear="1966" box="[123,1166,1158,1182]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kalophrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="164" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="intermedius">
<emphasis id="B9580E53CC4AFFECFFD0588CFB026582" bold="true" box="[123,1166,1158,1182]" pageId="29" pageNumber="164">
<emphasis id="B9580E53CC4AFFECFFD0588CFE1E6582" bold="true" box="[123,402,1158,1182]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="164">Kalophrynus intermedius</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFBDAFB0CC4AFFECFE31588CFD956582" author="INGER, R. F." box="[410,537,1158,1182]" pageId="29" pageNumber="164" pagination="1 - 402" refId="ref37683" refString="INGER, R. F. 1966. The systematics and zoogeography of the Amphibia of Borneo. Fieldiana: Zoology 52: 1 - 402." type="journal article" year="1966">Inger, 1966</bibRefCitation>
Mengiong Sticky Frog
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33681CACC4AFFECFFD058A5FD2865F8" pageId="29" pageNumber="164" type="reference_group">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2CA9C2CC4AFFECFFD058A5FE6B65D8" ID-CoL="6NK57" authority="Inger, 1966" authorityName="Inger" authorityYear="1966" box="[123,487,1198,1220]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kalophrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="164" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="intermedius">
<emphasis id="B9580E53CC4AFFECFFD058A5FEFC65D8" box="[123,368,1199,1220]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="164">Kalophrynus intermedius</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B44D81CCC4AFFECFED358A5FD1265F8" country="Malaysia" county="Borneo" location="Nanga Tekalit" municipality="Third Division" pageId="29" pageNumber="164" specimenCount="1">
<bibRefCitation id="EFBDAFB0CC4AFFECFED358A5FE6B65D8" author="INGER, R. F." box="[376,487,1198,1220]" pageId="29" pageNumber="164" pagination="1 - 402" refId="ref37683" refString="INGER, R. F. 1966. The systematics and zoogeography of the Amphibia of Borneo. Fieldiana: Zoology 52: 1 - 402." type="journal article" year="1966">Inger, 1966</bibRefCitation>
,
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52:131 [
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locality: “
<location id="8EF3849ACC4AFFECFC3758A5FBA865D9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03856357CC4AFFEFFFD0588CFCF56384:8EF3849ACC4AFFECFC3758A5FBA865D9" box="[924,1060,1199,1221]" country="Malaysia" county="Borneo" municipality="Third Division" name="Nanga Tekalit" pageId="29" pageNumber="164">Nanga Tekalit</location>
,
<location id="8EF3849ACC4AFFECFB9858A5FF4365F9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03856357CC4AFFEFFFD0588CFCF56384:8EF3849ACC4AFFECFB9858A5FF4365F9" country="Malaysia" county="Borneo" municipality="Third Division" name="Mengiong River" pageId="29" pageNumber="164">Mengiong River</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BF7483BCC4AFFECFF7758C5FEE765F9" box="[220,363,1231,1253]" pageId="29" pageNumber="164">Third Division</collectingMunicipality>
, Sarawak”,
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(
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)]
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</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
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<materialsCitation id="3B44D81CCC4AFFECFF00590BFC366405" box="[171,954,1281,1305]" collectionCode="TYPE, MATERIAL" location="Field Museum of Natural History" pageId="29" pageNumber="164" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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.—
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:
<location id="8EF3849ACC4AFFECFE56590BFCEF6405" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03856357CC4AFFEFFFD0588CFCF56384:8EF3849ACC4AFFECFE56590BFCEF6405" box="[509,867,1281,1305]" name="Field Museum of Natural History" pageId="29" pageNumber="164">Field Museum of Natural History</location>
139348
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.
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:
<specimenCode id="DB8A7A3ACC4AFFECFBE3590BFF476425" collectionCode="FMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" name="Field Museum of Natural History" pageId="29" pageNumber="164" type="Museum">FMNH 138070</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="DB8A7A3ACC4AFFECFF72592BFEA56425" box="[217,297,1313,1337]" collectionCode="FMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" name="Field Museum of Natural History" pageId="29" pageNumber="164" type="Museum">144298</specimenCode>
.
<location id="8EF3849ACC4AFFECFE9C5928FEDA6426" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03856357CC4AFFEFFFD0588CFCF56384:8EF3849ACC4AFFECFE9C5928FEDA6426" box="[311,342,1314,1338]" name="By" pageId="29" pageNumber="164">By</location>
original designation
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.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="B9580E53CC4AFFECFF005948FEA56444" bold="true" box="[171,297,1346,1369]" pageId="29" pageNumber="164">DEFINITION</emphasis>
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.— Medium size, adult females 37.940.
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<collectionCode id="ED3D4A84CC4AFFECFC925948FCE76446" box="[825,875,1346,1370]" pageId="29" pageNumber="164">SVL</collectionCode>
(
<emphasis id="B9580E53CC4AFFECFCD45948FC296445" box="[895,933,1346,1369]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="164">n =</emphasis>
2), no males known; head moderately long NA % HeadL/
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; head wider than long NA % HeadW/HeadL; naris closer to snout than to eye NA % NarEye/SnEye; eye moderately large NA % EyeD/HeadL; tympanum visible and smaller than eye ~66 % Tymp/EyeD; slender moderately long forelimb NA % Forarm/
<collectionCode id="ED3D4A84CC4AFFECFF7A59C9FE8F64C7" box="[209,259,1475,1499]" pageId="29" pageNumber="164">SVL</collectionCode>
and forearm to crus length NA % Forarm/CrusL; hindlimb moderately long NA % HndlL/
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, 3841 % CrusL/
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, and NA % CrusL/ThghL; hindfoot well developed NA % HndfL/CrusL.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B93D241CC4AFFECFF005A2EFE2B6760" blockId="29.[123,1174,1281,1725]" pageId="29" pageNumber="164">Vomerine teeth, presence or absence not reported; palatal fold morphology, vomerine fold not described, postorbital fold short and notched medially, and buccal fold long and crenulated; tongue size and shape not reported.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B93D241CC4AFFEFFF005A8FFD536048" blockId="29.[123,1174,1281,1725]" lastBlockId="30.[123,1174,219,665]" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="165" pageId="29" pageNumber="164">Fingers not webbed; lengths 3&gt;2&gt;1&gt;4, fourth nub-like; tips rounded, not dilated; subarticular tubercles present, shape and numbers on digits not reported; fleshy palmar tubercle, size and shape not reported. Toes two-thirds webbed, web extending to distal subarticular tubercle of toe 3 and between proximal and middle tubercle of toe 4, lengths 4&gt;3&gt;5&gt;2&gt;1; tips rounded, not dilated; subarticular tubercles present, number and shapes not reported, distinct on toes 14, barely visible on 5; inner and outer metatarsal tubercles poorly developed.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B93D241CC49FFEFFF005D57FD4C60A9" blockId="30.[123,1174,219,665]" pageId="30" pageNumber="165">Color in life not known; dorsum brown to purplish brown with obscure darker markings on back, no inguinal ocelli; sides cream or yellow; venter cream, pinkish on throat and pair of dark bars on throat and scattered small dark spots on chest.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33681CACC49FFEFFF005DB4FD17630A" pageId="30" pageNumber="165" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B93D241CC49FFEFFF005DB4FD17630A" blockId="30.[123,1174,219,665]" pageId="30" pageNumber="165">
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<emphasis id="B9580E53CC49FFEFFF005DB4FEB960C8" bold="true" box="[171,309,446,470]" pageId="30" pageNumber="165">ETYMOLOGY</emphasis>
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.— The choice of the name
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<emphasis id="B9580E53CC49FFEFFDCA5DB4FD5360CA" box="[609,735,446,470]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="165">intermedius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was not stated, presumably it is in reference to this frogs size between that of two smaller Bornean
<taxonomicName id="4C2CA9C2CC49FFEFFCAA5DD4FB9460EA" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1900" box="[769,1048,478,502]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kalophrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="165" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="heterochirus">
<emphasis id="B9580E53CC49FFEFFCAA5DD4FB9460EA" box="[769,1048,478,502]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="165">Kalophrynus heterochirus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
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<taxonomicName id="4C2CA9C2CC49FFEFFB8E5DD5FB1C60EA" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1871" box="[1061,1168,479,502]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kalophrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="165" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="punctatus">punctatus</taxonomicName>
¸
</emphasis>
and
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<emphasis id="B9580E53CC49FFEFFF025DF5FEA3630B" box="[169,303,511,535]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="165">subterrestris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the larger
<taxonomicName id="4C2CA9C2CC49FFEFFE7B5DF5FD04630B" authorityName="Tschudi" authorityYear="1838" box="[464,648,511,535]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kalophrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="165" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pleurostigma">
<emphasis id="B9580E53CC49FFEFFE7B5DF5FE65630A" box="[464,489,511,534]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="165">K.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B9580E53CC49FFEFFE575DF5FD04630B" box="[508,648,511,535]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="165">pleurostigma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
”.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33681CACC49FFEFFF005E15FE36636B" pageId="30" pageNumber="165" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B93D241CC49FFEFFF005E15FC22632B" blockId="30.[123,1174,219,665]" box="[171,942,543,568]" pageId="30" pageNumber="165">
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<emphasis id="B9580E53CC49FFEFFF005E15FECF632A" bold="true" box="[171,323,543,567]" pageId="30" pageNumber="165">DISTRIBUTION</emphasis>
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.— Borneo, Sarawk. Known only from the
<typeStatus id="54976CE3CC49FFEFFCBE5E2AFCCF6324" box="[789,835,544,568]" pageId="30" pageNumber="165">type</typeStatus>
localitye.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="B9580E53CC49FFEFFF005E4AFE9D634A" bold="true" box="[171,273,576,600]" pageId="30" pageNumber="165">NATURAL</emphasis>
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.— The three known specimens were collected on the floor of primary rain forest at less than
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.— Preceding information extracted from
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.
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<emphasis id="B9580E53CC49FFEFFFD05ECBFE0B63C5" bold="true" box="[123,391,705,729]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="165">Kalophrynus limbooliati</emphasis>
Matsui, Nishikawa, Belabut, Ahmad, and Yong, 2012
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Tiny Sticky Frog
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<emphasis id="B9580E53CC49FFEFFFD05F00FEEA6203" box="[123,358,778,799]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="165">Kalophrynus limbooliati</emphasis>
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Matsui, Nishikawa, Belabut, Ahmad, and Yong, 2012,
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3155:39 [
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locality: “Gunung (= Mt.) Pulai, Kpg. (Kampung = village) Sri, Kulai, State of
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, Peninsular
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a.s.l.
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)”]
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.
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.—
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:
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705
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: Kyoto University Health &amp; Environment 53314315, 52061. All by original designation
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.— Small, no adult females, adult male 26.228.
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(
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=3); head long 32 % HeadL/
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; head width subequal length 3234 % HeadW/
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; snout moderately broad NA % SnW/HeadL; naris closer to snout than to eye NA % NarEye/SnEye; eye moderately large 1317 % EyeD/
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; tympanum visible and smaller than eye 89 % Tymp/
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; moderate length forelimb NA % Forarm/
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and forearm equal crus length NA % Forarm/CrusL; hindlimb moderately long 129136 % HndlL/
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, 4142 % CrusL/
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, and NA % CrusL/ThghL; hindfoot well developed 3336 % HndfL/
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.
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<paragraph id="8B93D241CC49FFEFFF0058B5FD3B65EB" blockId="30.[123,1174,891,1725]" pageId="30" pageNumber="165">Vomerine teeth presence or absence not reported; palatal fold morphology not reported; tongue entire, i.e., presumably end rounded and not notched.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B93D241CC49FFEFFF00590AFE9A64C6" blockId="30.[123,1174,891,1725]" pageId="30" pageNumber="165">Fingers with slight basal web; lengths 3&gt;2&gt;1&gt;4; tips rounded and not dilated; subarticular tubercles large, round, and two on digits 1, 2, 4, and three on 3; outer palmar tubercle fleshy and large, inner indistinct; asperities (nuptial pad) absent on hand. Toes lightly webbed to below level of proximal subarticular tubercles of toe 4, lengths 4&gt;3&gt;5&gt;2&gt;1; tips rounded; subarticular tubercles variously developed, none on digit 5, one on 1, 2, two on 3, and three on 4, tubercles prominent only on fourth toe (distal and middle one); large, oval inner metatarsal tubercle, indistinct outer tubercle.</paragraph>
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.— The specific name honors Dr. Lim Boo Liat, a pioneer of field zoology in
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.
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.—
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(
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,
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, and possibly
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but unconfirmed) and
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.
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.—
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<emphasis id="B9580E53CC48FFEEFE355D16FD2F6028" box="[414,675,284,308]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="166">Kalophrynus limbooliati</emphasis>
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is a forest-floor resident in a variety of forests, secondary broad-leafed and bamboo. Males call from beneath leaf litter.
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.— Preceding information extracted from
<bibRefCitation id="EFBDAFB0CC48FFEEFD405D57FC336069" author="MATSUI, M. &amp; K. NISHIKAWA &amp; D. M. BELABUT &amp; A. NORHAYATI &amp; H-S. YONG" box="[747,959,349,373]" pageId="31" pageNumber="166" pagination="38 - 46" refId="ref38272" refString="MATSUI, M., K. NISHIKAWA, D. M. BELABUT, A. NORHAYATI, AND H-S. YONG. 2012. A new species of Kalophrynus (Amphibia, Anura, Microhylidae) from southern Peninsular Malaysia. Zootaxa 3155: 38 - 46." type="journal article" year="2012">Matsui et al. (2012)</bibRefCitation>
.
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