293 lines
30 KiB
XML
293 lines
30 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="4D9C645516CB2F8A19F9CABB885C80C8">Taxonomy and evolution of asymmetric male genitalia in the subgenus Ashima Chen (Diptera: Drosophilidae: Phortica Schiner), with descriptions of seven new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C59D100E36E4E042F2ECA64097FD7497">Toda, Masanori J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2D96D9C9B1B24B14795194539A80A935">Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand hans. banziger @ cmu. ac. th; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 8913 - 3034</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="CE258C59A17E4500D016E10045EBA71A">Systematic & Cytogenetic Laboratory, Department of Zoology and Biotechnology, HNB Garhwal University, Srinagar-Garhwal, 246174, Uttarakhand, India. & satipradeep 28 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 6809 - 8575</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="554755E6BC354DB6FCDFD8F215F413E5">Systematic & Cytogenetic Laboratory, Department of Zoology and Biotechnology, HNB Garhwal University, Srinagar-Garhwal, 246174, Uttarakhand, India. & rs. fartyal @ hnbgu. ac. in; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8844 - 6263</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="7BC18C0599C19F21494126A2E979EA2E">Zoology Division (Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense), Research Center for Biology-LIPI, Jl. Raya Jakarta-Bogor Km. 46, Cibinong 16911, West Java, Indonesia. awitswt @ yahoo. com</mods:affiliation>
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16)
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF0A0F1EB32574EFDC9DD91FCFDFF19" author="Maca, J. & Lin, F. J." box="[560,790,153,180]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="1 - 11" refId="ref35756" refString="Maca, J. & Lin, F. J. (1993 a) The Drosophilidae of Taiwan: Genera Amiota (excluding subgenus Phortica) and Leucophenga (Nankangomyia subg. nov.). Bulletin of the Institute of Zoology, Academia Sinica, 32, 1 - 11." type="journal article" year="1993">Máca & Lin, 1993</bibRefCitation>
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(
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)
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF0A0F1EB32574EFE44DDD6FD50FF5C" author="Maca & Lin" box="[445,699,221,246]" firstAuthor="Maca" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="171 - 183" refId="ref35809" refString="Maca, J. & Lin, F. J. (1993 b) The Drosophilidae of Taiwan: Genus Amiota, subgenus Phortica. Bulletin of the Institute of Zoology, Academia Sinica, 32, 171 - 183." type="journal article" year="1993" yearSuffix="b">Máca & Lin, 1993b: 172</bibRefCitation>
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<emphasis id="B9150112EB32574EFF6EDDF4FEBDFEBE" box="[151,342,252,276]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Phortica speculum</emphasis>
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:
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Chen
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<emphasis id="B9150112EB32574EFE66DDF5FE27FEBE" box="[415,460,252,276]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">et al</emphasis>
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., 2005b: 420
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.
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<emphasis id="B9150112EB32574EFF6EDC13FF1BFE99" box="[151,240,283,307]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Phortica</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="B9150112EB32574EFF06DC13FEB3FE99" box="[255,344,283,307]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Phortica</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="B9150112EB32574EFE9FDC13FE2DFE99" box="[358,454,283,307]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">speculum</emphasis>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF0A0F1EB32574EFE2ADC12FD2FFE99" author="Cheng" box="[467,708,282,307]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Cheng" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="614 - 632" refId="ref34455" refString="Cheng, Y., Gao, J. J., Watabe, H. & Chen, H. W. (2008) Revision of the genus Phortica Schiner 1862 in China (Diptera: Drosophilidae). Zoological Studies, 47, 614 - 632." type="journal article" year="2008">
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Cheng
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<emphasis id="B9150112EB32574EFDE5DC14FDA3FE99" box="[540,584,283,307]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">et al</emphasis>
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., 2008: 621
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<treatmentCitation id="0AC0FB11EB32574EFF6EDC32FD21FEF8" author="Chen, H. W. & Maca, J." box="[151,714,313,338]" page="507" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" year="2012">
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<taxonomicName id="4C61A683EB32574EFF6EDC32FD21FEF8" ID-CoL="8DBX2" authority=": Chen & Maca, 2012: 507" authorityName=": Chen & Maca" authorityPageNumber="507" authorityYear="2012" box="[151,714,313,338]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Phortica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="speculum" subGenus="Ashima">
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<emphasis id="B9150112EB32574EFF6EDC32FF1BFEF8" box="[151,240,314,338]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Phortica</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="B9150112EB32574EFF06DC32FEA0FEF8" box="[255,331,314,338]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Ashima</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="B9150112EB32574EFEA0DC32FE52FEF8" box="[345,441,314,338]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">speculum</emphasis>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF0A0F1EB32574EFE3FDC31FD21FEF8" author="Chen & Maca" box="[454,714,313,338]" firstAuthor="Chen" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="493 - 509" refId="ref33941" refString="Chen, H. W. & Maca, J. (2012) Ten new species of the genus Phortica from the Afrotropical and Oriental regions (Diptera: Drosophilidae). Zootaxa, 3478 (1), 493 - 509. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3478.1.42" type="journal article" year="2012">Chen & Máca, 2012: 507</bibRefCitation>
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.
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|
||
<emphasis id="B9150112EB32574EFF6EDC77FEF9FE30" bold="true" box="[151,274,383,410]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
Arista apically with distinct, leaf-like expansion narrower than long and apically tapering and pointed and 2–3 long and 1–3 minute branches dorsally and ventrally, respectively; longest, dorsal branch longer than longest seta on pedicel [“Fig. 19 (mislabeled as 18 on the plate)” in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF0A0F1EB32574EFC81DCC0FBA3FE48" author="Cheng" box="[888,1096,455,483]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Cheng" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="614 - 632" refId="ref34455" refString="Cheng, Y., Gao, J. J., Watabe, H. & Chen, H. W. (2008) Revision of the genus Phortica Schiner 1862 in China (Diptera: Drosophilidae). Zoological Studies, 47, 614 - 632." type="journal article" year="2008">
|
||
Cheng
|
||
<emphasis id="B9150112EB32574EFC30DCC1FC17FE48" box="[969,1020,456,482]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2008
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
]; posterior postgonite apically blunt.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDEDD00EB32574EFF3EDF07FE5AFD11" blockId="20.[151,1437,383,1023]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9150112EB32574EFF3EDF07FDE5FD80" bold="true" box="[199,526,527,554]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Supplementary description</emphasis>
|
||
(not repeating characters common to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C61A683EB32574EFC3ADF19FB8BFD80" authorityName=": Chen & Maca" authorityYear="2012" box="[963,1120,529,555]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Phortica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pavriarista">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9150112EB32574EFC3ADF19FC3FFD80" box="[963,980,529,554]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9150112EB32574EFC1DDF19FB8BFD80" box="[996,1120,529,554]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">pavriarista</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Supracervical setae 8–11. Dorsomedial, tentorial apodeme slightly longer than 1/2 basal, parallel portion of dorsolateral, tentorial apodeme. Cibarial, medial sensilla approximately 8 per side; posterior sensilla 6–7 per side. All tarsi with gray tarsomeres IV and V. Abdominal sternite III wider than long (ch.22-1), widest among sternites (ch.23-1), with dense setulae on medial surface (ch.26-1).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDEDD00EB32574EFF3EDFCCFD96FC8D" blockId="20.[151,1437,383,1023]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
The antisymmetry is observed in the postgonites: in A-type, the left lateral lobe bears 2 anterior postgonites, and the right lobe 1 posterior and 1 anterior postgonites (the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DA63A2EB32574EFCE3DFE0FC6BFCA8" box="[794,896,744,770]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
; “
|
||
<figureCitation id="135AC185EB32574EFC6FDFE0FC31FCA8" box="[918,986,744,770]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1744,1769]" captionTargetBox="[180,1408,181,1717]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[180,1408,181,1718]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 3. Phortica (Phortica) pappi (Tsacas & Okada, 1983) (A; ♂ from Cape Tribulation, Queensland, Australia), Phortica (Ashima) machoruka Prigent & Chen, 2008 (B, C; ♂ holotype), Phortica (Ashima) efragmentata Toda, sp. nov. (D–G; ♂ ho- lotype) and Phortica (Ashima) afoliolata Chen & Toda, 2005 (H; ♂ paratype from Jianfeng, Ledong County, Hainan, China). A, B, D, Periphallic organs (caudolateral view in A and D; caudal view in B); C, pregonites and hypandrial phragma (ventral view); E, surstylus; F, phallic organs (ventral view); G, H, phallic organs (lateral view). Abbreviations: aed gd, aedeagal guide; aed m r, aedeagal median rod; aed s, aedeagal sheath; cerc, cercus; epand, epandrium; goncx, gonocoxite; hypd ph, hypandrial phragma; phap, phallapodeme; phap pr, posterior rod-like process of phallapodeme; preg, pregonite; postg, postgonite; sur, surstylus. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3884620" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3884620/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
” in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF0A0F1EB32574EFBF4DFE0FB01FCA9" author="Maca & Lin" box="[1037,1258,744,771]" firstAuthor="Maca" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="171 - 183" refId="ref35809" refString="Maca, J. & Lin, F. J. (1993 b) The Drosophilidae of Taiwan: Genus Amiota, subgenus Phortica. Bulletin of the Institute of Zoology, Academia Sinica, 32, 171 - 183." type="journal article" year="1993" yearSuffix="b">Máca & Lin 1993b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); but in B-type,
|
||
<emphasis id="B9150112EB32574EFF6EDE05FEE3FC8C" box="[151,264,781,806]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">vice versa</emphasis>
|
||
(“
|
||
<figureCitation id="135AC185EB32574EFEDBDE04FE83FC8C" box="[290,360,780,806]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1804,1829]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,525,1774]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1436,525,1779]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 4. Phortica (Ashima) andreagigoni Toda & Bänziger, sp. nov. (♂ holotype). A, Antenna; B, periphallic organs (cau- dolateral view); C, aedeagus, phallapodeme, hypandrium and pregonite (lateral view); D, aedeagal sheath, postgonites, hypandrium and pregonites (ventral view). Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3884622" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3884622/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
” in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF0A0F1EB32574EFE6FDE04FD9BFC8D" author="Maca & Lin" box="[406,624,780,807]" firstAuthor="Maca" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" pagination="171 - 183" refId="ref35809" refString="Maca, J. & Lin, F. J. (1993 b) The Drosophilidae of Taiwan: Genus Amiota, subgenus Phortica. Bulletin of the Institute of Zoology, Academia Sinica, 32, 171 - 183." type="journal article" year="1993" yearSuffix="b">Máca & Lin 1993b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDEDD00EB32574EFF3EDE27FBE6FCC4" blockId="20.[151,1437,383,1023]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9150112EB32574EFF3EDE27FE2EFCE0" bold="true" box="[199,453,815,842]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Specimens examined.</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B09D75DEB32574EFE32DE39FBC6FCE1" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2636268368" box="[459,1069,816,843]" collectingDate="1994-10" collectionCode="T" collectorName="Ryukyu Is." country="Japan" location="Iriomote" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3769D90EB32574EFE32DE39FDE4FCE1" box="[459,527,817,843]" name="Japan" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D671689EB32574EFDE1DE38FDD0FCE0" box="[536,571,816,842]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
(A-type),
|
||
<location id="8EBE8BDBEB32574EFD57DE38FCFAFCE0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C86C16EB32574EFF6EDD91FCFDFC54:8EBE8BDBEB32574EFD57DE38FCFAFCE0" box="[686,785,816,842]" country="Japan" name="Iriomote" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Iriomote</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="2694B8D6EB32574EFCE2DE38FC7EFCE1" box="[795,917,816,843]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Ryukyu Is.</collectorName>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFDFFBC0EB32574EFC58DE38FC1BFCE0" box="[929,1008,816,842]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="1994-10">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF9B0228EB32574EFC58DE38FC1BFCE0" box="[929,1008,816,842]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="1994-10">x.1994</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, M.
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED7045C5EB32574EFBE3DE39FBC6FCE1" box="[1050,1069,817,843]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">T</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B09D75DEB32574EFBCFDE38FACBFCE0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2636268373" box="[1078,1312,816,842]" collectionCode="SEHU" collectorName="Kimura" country="Japan" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectorName id="2694B8D6EB32574EFBCFDE38FB67FCE0" box="[1078,1164,816,842]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Kimura</collectorName>
|
||
leg. (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED7045C5EB32574EFB31DE38FAFCFCE0" box="[1224,1303,816,842]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">SEHU</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B09D75DEB32574EFAD0DE38FBE2FCC4" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2636268398" collectingDate="1992-07-18" collectionCode="SEHU" collectorName="M. J. Toda" country="China" elevation="550" location="Mt. Emei" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Sichuan">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3769D90EB32574EFAD0DE38FA9BFCE0" box="[1321,1392,816,842]" name="China" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D671689EB32574EFA80DE38FA77FCE0" box="[1401,1436,816,842]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
|
||
(A-type),
|
||
<location id="8EBE8BDBEB32574EFEFFDE5DFE99FCC4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C86C16EB32574EFF6EDD91FCFDFC54:8EBE8BDBEB32574EFEFFDE5DFE99FCC4" box="[262,370,852,879]" country="China" name="Mt. Emei" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" stateProvince="Sichuan">Mt. Emei</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A513E2EB32574EFE84DE5CFE31FCC4" box="[381,474,852,878]" country="China" name="Sichuan" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Sichuan</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<elevation id="004C3A33EB32574EFE1FDE5BFD82FCC4" box="[486,617,851,879]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="m" value="550.0">
|
||
<quantity id="4C9970E5EB32574EFE1FDE5BFDC6FCC5" box="[486,557,851,879]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="m" value="550.0">550 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l.
|
||
</elevation>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFDFFBC0EB32574EFD8CDE5CFD13FCC4" box="[629,760,852,878]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="1992-07-18">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF9B0228EB32574EFD8CDE5CFD13FCC4" box="[629,760,852,878]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" value="1992-07-18">18.vii.1992</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="2694B8D6EB32574EFCFADE5DFC98FCC4" box="[771,883,852,879]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">M.J. Toda</collectorName>
|
||
leg. (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED7045C5EB32574EFC4BDE5CFBEAFCC4" box="[946,1025,852,878]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">SEHU</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37B8E8BEB32574EFF3EDE7FFF15FC1D" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDEDD00EB32574EFF3EDE7FFF15FC1D" blockId="20.[151,1437,383,1023]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9150112EB32574EFF3EDE7FFE8AFC38" bold="true" box="[199,353,887,914]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Ryukyu Is.,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3769D90EB32574EFE0ADE70FDA3FC38" box="[499,584,888,914]" name="Taiwan" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3769D90EB32574EFDADDE70FD7CFC38" box="[596,663,888,914]" name="China" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A513E2EB32574EFD5EDE70FCEEFC38" box="[679,773,888,914]" country="China" name="Shaanxi" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Shaanxi</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A513E2EB32574EFCEBDE70FC8DFC38" box="[786,870,888,914]" country="China" name="Jiangxi" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Jiangxi</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A513E2EB32574EFC8BDE70FC56FC38" box="[882,957,888,914]" country="China" name="Fujian" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fujian</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A513E2EB32574EFC30DE70FBA4FC38" box="[969,1103,888,914]" country="China" name="Guangdong" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Guangdong</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A513E2EB32574EFBA2DE70FB55FC38" box="[1115,1214,888,914]" country="China" name="Guangxi" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Guangxi</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A513E2EB32574EFB32DE70FAC5FC38" box="[1227,1326,888,914]" country="China" name="Guizhou" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Guizhou</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A513E2EB32574EFAC2DE70FA73FC38" box="[1339,1432,888,914]" country="China" name="Sichuan" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Sichuan</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49A513E2EB32574EFF6EDE95FF19FC1D" box="[151,242,925,951]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37B8E8BEB32574EFF3EDEC8FCFDFC54" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDEDD00EB32574EFF3EDEC8FCFDFC54" blockId="20.[151,1437,383,1023]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9150112EB32574EFF3EDEC8FED0FC70" bold="true" box="[199,315,960,986]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
This species resembles
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C61A683EB32574EFDB1DEC9FD08FC70" authorityName=": Chen & Maca" authorityYear="2012" box="[584,739,961,987]" class="Insecta" family="Drosophilidae" genus="Phortica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pavriarista">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9150112EB32574EFDB1DEC9FDB2FC70" box="[584,601,961,986]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">P</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B9150112EB32574EFD9EDEC9FD08FC70" box="[615,739,961,986]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">pavriarista</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the morphology of the aedeagal sheath and postgonites, but can be distinguished from it by the diagnostic characters.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |