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<document id="41C1909DB9B3242EFC6646BA78196947" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.5277083" ID-ISSN="0253-116X" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5277083" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630022602320" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="A. M" docDate="2009" docId="03F587F8465BC727DAC6FE64F26DC49C" docLanguage="en" docName="LinzerbiolBeitr.2009.41.2.1317-1608.pdf" docOrigin="Linzer biologische Beiträge 41 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:24E5EB772D355DE2EE23B1E8D07853E0.9:LinzerbiolBeitr.2006-.journal_article" docStyleId="24E5EB772D355DE2EE23B1E8D07853E0" docStyleName="LinzerbiolBeitr.2006-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Trogini" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="1397" masterDocId="FFCCFF804614C777DA74FFFCF650C675" masterDocTitle="Illustrated key to the tribes of subfamilia Ichneumoninae and genera of the tribe Platylabini of world fauna (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae)" masterLastPageNumber="1608" masterPageNumber="1317" pageNumber="1396" updateTime="1699137232106" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="1CCB2E981D26A5D7584C66D7932A1D67">Illustrated key to the tribes of subfamilia Ichneumoninae and genera of the tribe Platylabini of world fauna (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="4285A1A2ABBD8DA253F7155BC9720906">A. M</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="64D4696FB03942CDC0E0B575F1F07E60">Linzer biologische Beiträge</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="08DCF258A89E5FD854B1A1831DC2EE76">2009</mods:date>
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<subSubSection id="C3466565465BC738DAC6FE64F510C7A1" pageId="79" pageNumber="1396" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BE336EE465BC738DAC6FE64F79BC7DB" blockId="79.[178,459,408,430]" box="[178,459,408,430]" pageId="79" pageNumber="1396">
<heading id="D0AB8182465BC738DAC6FE64F79BC7DB" bold="true" box="[178,459,408,430]" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="79" pageNumber="1396" reason="3">
<emphasis id="B928EAFC465BC738DAC6FE64F79BC7DB" bold="true" box="[178,459,408,430]" pageId="79" pageNumber="1396">
Tribe
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D6D465BC738DA80FE64F79BC7DB" authority="(FOERSTER)" baseAuthorityName="FOERSTER" box="[244,459,408,430]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="1396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Trogini">Trogini (FOERSTER)</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE336EE465BC738DAC6FE3CF510C7A1" blockId="79.[178,832,448,572]" box="[178,832,448,468]" pageId="79" pageNumber="1396">
Trogoidae FOERSTER 1868 - Verh. Natur. Preuss. Rhein. West.
<emphasis id="B928EAFC465BC738D881FE3CF55CC7A1" bold="true" box="[757,780,448,468]" pageId="79" pageNumber="1396">25</emphasis>
: 143.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="8BE336EE465BC738DAC6FE26F4D5C79B" blockId="79.[178,832,448,572]" box="[178,645,474,494]" pageId="79" pageNumber="1396">
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D6D465BC738DAC6FE26F6A1C79B" box="[178,241,474,494]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="1396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Trogini">Trogini</taxonomicName>
:
<bibRefCitation id="EFCD4B1F465BC738DA82FE26F7D5C79B" author="HEINRICH G" box="[246,389,474,494]" pageId="79" pageNumber="1396" pagination="803 - 886" refId="ref142635" refString="HEINRICH G. H. (1962): Synopsis of Nearctic Ichneumoninae Stenopneusticae with particular reference to the northeastern Region. - Canadian Ent. Suppl. 26: 507 - 671; Suppl. 27: 675 - 802; Suppl. 29: 803 - 886." type="journal article" year="1962">HEINRICH 1962</bibRefCitation>
- Can. Ent., Suppl.
<emphasis id="B928EAFC465BC738D84EFE26F401C79B" bold="true" box="[570,593,474,494]" pageId="79" pageNumber="1396">29</emphasis>
: 844.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE336EE465BC738DAC6FE08F48FC47D" blockId="79.[178,832,448,572]" box="[178,735,500,520]" pageId="79" pageNumber="1396">
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D6D465BC738DAC6FE08F6A1C47D" box="[178,241,500,520]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="1396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Trogini">Trogini</taxonomicName>
: HEINRICH 1968 - Ichn. Stenop. of Africa
<emphasis id="B928EAFC465BC738D805FE08F42CC47D" bold="true" box="[625,636,500,520]" pageId="79" pageNumber="1396">1</emphasis>
: 230, 233.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE336EE465BC738DAC6FDF2F4AAC457" blockId="79.[178,832,448,572]" box="[178,762,526,546]" pageId="79" pageNumber="1396">
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D6D465BC738DAC6FDF2F6A1C457" box="[178,241,526,546]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="1396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Trogini">Trogini</taxonomicName>
:
<bibRefCitation id="EFCD4B1F465BC738DA83FDF2F7D6C457" author="HEINRICH G" box="[247,390,526,546]" pageId="79" pageNumber="1396" pagination="1 - 350" refId="ref142883" refString="HEINRICH G. H. (1977): Arthropods of Florida and Neigboring Areas. Vol. 9. - Ichneumoninae of Florida and Neighboring States. Florida Departament of Agriculture and Consumer Services. Contribution 400: 1 - 350." type="journal article" year="1977">HEINRICH 1977</bibRefCitation>
- Ichn.
<collectingRegion id="4998F80C465BC738DBB9FDF2F45FC457" box="[461,527,526,546]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="79" pageNumber="1396">Florida</collectingRegion>
and Neigb. States
<emphasis id="B928EAFC465BC738D8CEFDF2F495C457" bold="true" box="[698,709,526,546]" pageId="79" pageNumber="1396">9</emphasis>
: 283.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE336EE465BC738DAC6FDD4F793C449" blockId="79.[178,832,448,572]" box="[178,451,552,572]" pageId="79" pageNumber="1396">
<typeStatus id="54E7884C465BC738DAC6FDD4F6B1C449" box="[178,225,552,572]" pageId="79" pageNumber="1396">Type</typeStatus>
genus:
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D6D465BC738DB53FDD4F793C449" authority="PANZER." box="[295,451,552,572]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Trogus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="1396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B928EAFC465BC738DB53FDD4F73BC449" box="[295,363,552,572]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="1396">Trogus</emphasis>
PANZER.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE336EE465BC738DAC6FDB1F44BC416" blockId="79.[178,539,589,611]" box="[178,539,589,611]" pageId="79" pageNumber="1396">D i s t r i b u t i o n: World-wide.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE336EE465BC738DAC6FD8FF7C6C4FD" blockId="79.[178,406,626,648]" box="[178,406,626,648]" pageId="79" pageNumber="1396">I n t r o d u c t i o n:</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE336EE465BC738DAC6FD6BF5BEC282" blockId="79.[178,1086,663,1271]" pageId="79" pageNumber="1396">
The point of view of G. HEINRICH on volume and structure of the tribe
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D6D465BC738D985FD6BF26DC4D8" box="[1009,1085,663,685]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="1396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Trogini">Trogini</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFCD4B1F465BC738DACDFD49F70DC4BE" author="HEINRICH G" box="[185,349,693,715]" pageId="79" pageNumber="1396" pagination="1 - 263" refId="ref142350" refString="HEINRICH G. H. (1934): Die Ichneumoninae von Celebes. - Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin 20: 1 - 263." type="journal article" year="1934">HEINRICH 1934</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFCD4B1F465BC738DB18FD49F7F2C4BE" author="HEINRICH G" box="[364,418,693,715]" pageId="79" pageNumber="1396" pagination="803 - 886" refId="ref142635" refString="HEINRICH G. H. (1962): Synopsis of Nearctic Ichneumoninae Stenopneusticae with particular reference to the northeastern Region. - Canadian Ent. Suppl. 26: 507 - 671; Suppl. 27: 675 - 802; Suppl. 29: 803 - 886." type="journal article" year="1962">1962</bibRefCitation>
), in contrast to H.
<bibRefCitation id="EFCD4B1F465BC738D811FD49F556C4BE" author="TOWNES H &amp; HEINRICH G &amp; TOWNES M" box="[613,774,693,715]" pageId="79" pageNumber="1396" pagination="335 - 420" refId="ref144216" refString="TOWNES H. K., HEINRICH G., TOWNES M. &amp; V. GUPTA (1961): A catalogue and reclassification of Indo-Australian Ichneumonidae. - Mem. American Ent. Inst. 1: 1 - 552, 335 - 420 (Ichneumoninae)." type="journal article" year="1961">TOWNES (1961)</bibRefCitation>
seems to be more reasonable. The tendency to shortening of propodeum reaches at
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D6D465BC738D8BAFD2EF54AC49D" box="[718,794,722,744]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="1396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Trogini">Trogini</taxonomicName>
extreme expression and it is a key in determination of a tribal status. A profile of propodeum gains triangular form and its surface abruptly sloping both forward to postscutellum, and back to apex of propodeum from upper point. Area superomedia of propodeum gains a view of smoothed triangular boss, reaching extreme expression in genus
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D6D465BC738D893FCB4F57FC528" box="[743,815,840,861]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Trogus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="1396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B928EAFC465BC738D893FCB4F57FC528" box="[743,815,840,861]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="1396">Trogus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, where it gains a view of curved forward transversal carina. Additional characters are triangle from lateral form of scutellum with tendency to pyramidal and quadrangular areolet of front wings with tendency to petiolate. Head morphology of representatives of subtribe
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D6D465BC738D913FC63F5B8C5C0" box="[871,1000,927,949]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="1396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Callajoppina">Callajoppina</taxonomicName>
is similar to morphology of
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D6D465BC738DBFAFC40F416C5A7" box="[398,582,956,978]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="1396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Protichneumonini">Protichneumonini</taxonomicName>
. At the same time the listed above characters are more significant and testify for the benefit of G. Heinrichs point of view. An overwhelming majority of tribe representatives has amblypygous abdomen, whereas in
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D6D465BC738DAC6FBE8F737C25F" box="[178,359,1044,1066]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="1396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Protichneumonini">Protichneumonini</taxonomicName>
the invert correlation takes place. Form of abdomen of
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D6D465BC738D9B8FBE8F24AC25F" box="[972,1050,1044,1066]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="1396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Trogini">Trogini</taxonomicName>
, in spite of sharp sculptural differences of the representatives of both subtribes, has broadlyoval, or drop-shaped (
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D6D465BC738DBB6FBB2F417C211" box="[450,583,1102,1124]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="1397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Callajoppina">Callajoppina</taxonomicName>
) form. The transitional Palaearctic genus
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D6D465BC738DAC6FB90F7E4C2F4" authority="WESMAEL." authorityName="WESMAEL." box="[178,436,1132,1154]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Catadelphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="1396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B928EAFC465BC738DAC6FB90F76AC2F7" box="[178,314,1132,1154]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="1396">Catadelphus</emphasis>
WESMAEL.
</taxonomicName>
, placed by G. Heinrich to subtribe
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D6D465BC738D925FB90F58BC2F7" box="[849,987,1132,1154]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="1396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Callajoppina">Callajoppina</taxonomicName>
is more relative to tribe
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D6D465BC738DB1EFB75F47BC2EA" box="[362,555,1161,1183]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="1396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Protichneumonini">Protichneumonini</taxonomicName>
(high scutellum without knoll-shaped swelling, expressed area superomedia and lateral carinae of basal field). To the transitional forms it is possible to attribute species of African genus
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D6D465BC738D946FB38F245C2AD" authority="HEINRICH" authorityName="HEINRICH and Neotropical Macrojoppa KRIECHBAUMER" authorityYear="1938" box="[818,1045,1220,1242]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Afrotrogus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="1396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B928EAFC465BC738D946FB38F5F7C2AF" box="[818,935,1220,1242]" italics="true" pageId="79" pageNumber="1396">Afrotrogus</emphasis>
HEINRICH
</taxonomicName>
female of which has oxypygous abdomen and developed scopa on hind coxae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE336EE465BC738DAC6FAFAF5BDC322" blockId="79.[178,1085,1286,1367]" pageId="79" pageNumber="1396">
G. Heinrich gives also and reasonable arguments, based on a biology of the representatives of subtribe
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D6D465BC738DB11FADFF7B9C34C" box="[357,489,1315,1337]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="1396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Callajoppina">Callajoppina</taxonomicName>
, parasitizing on the evolutionally oldest
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D6D465BC738D9D2FADFF24AC34C" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" box="[934,1050,1315,1337]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="1396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Sphingidae</taxonomicName>
, as opposed to
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D6D465BC738DB52FABDF78EC322" box="[294,478,1345,1367]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="1396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Protichneumonini">Protichneumonini</taxonomicName>
, parasitizing on evolutionally younger
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D6D465BC738D900FABDF5B9C322" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" box="[884,1001,1345,1367]" class="Insecta" family="Sphingidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="79" pageNumber="1396" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Sphingidae</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE336EE465BC738DAC6FA9AF558C384" blockId="79.[178,1085,1382,1521]" pageId="79" pageNumber="1396">The tribe is characterized by extremely high elevated, to pyramidal scutellum, shortened and triangle from lateral propodeum with smoothed arcuate prominence at upper point on place of area superomedia, abruptly slanting from it forward to basal furrow and backwards to apex of propodeum. Areolet of front wings is quadrangular (trapeziform), pointed in front to slightly petiolate, slightly asymmetrical.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE336EE465BC727DAC6F9FCF7DEC460" blockId="79.[178,1085,1536,1588]" lastBlockId="80.[178,1085,219,533]" lastPageId="80" lastPageNumber="1397" pageId="79" pageNumber="1396">
Flagellum is bristle-shaped or semi bristle-shaped, of males with short-oval tyloides or without them. Mesonotum is longer than width; notauli are not developed, slightly im- pressed or marked only at base; prepectus behind hind coxae is not impressed; subalarum is thick at most part not sharpened; sternauli are absent or only just marked; lower part of mesopleurae is with distinct bend; mesopleural suture is straight; scutellum is convex, conical to pyramidal, from lateral not carinated. Hind margin of metanotum is with distinct projections opposite lateral longitudinal carinae of propodeum. Lateral carinae of basal area are absent; coxal carina is only in a form of only just visible trace of different structure; spiracles are large, slit-shaped. Hind coxae of females are without scopa, rarely with scopa (
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D6D4644C727DB5BFE54F457C7C9" authority="HEINRICH" authorityName="HEINRICH and Neotropical Macrojoppa KRIECHBAUMER" authorityYear="1938" box="[303,519,424,446]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Afrotrogus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="1397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B928EAFC4644C727DB5BFE54F7CDC7CB" box="[303,413,424,446]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="1397">Afrotrogus</emphasis>
HEINRICH
</taxonomicName>
). Claws are smooth. Abdomen is usually amblypygous with flattened hypopygium, rarely oxypygous (African
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D6D4644C727D88CFE39F47EC782" authority="HEINRICH and Neotropical Macrojoppa KRIECHBAUMER" authorityName="HEINRICH and Neotropical Macrojoppa KRIECHBAUMER" authorityYear="1938" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Afrotrogus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="1397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B928EAFC4644C727D88CFE39F536C7AE" box="[760,870,453,475]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="1397">Afrotrogus</emphasis>
HEINRICH and Neotropical
<emphasis id="B928EAFC4644C727DB72FE1FF7D3C78D" box="[262,387,483,504]" italics="true" pageId="80" pageNumber="1397">Macrojoppa</emphasis>
KRIECHBAUMER
</taxonomicName>
). As rule, there are large species, to largest in subfamily (Calojoppina).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE336EE4644C727DAC6FDD9F5ABC44F" blockId="80.[178,1085,549,747]" box="[178,1019,549,571]" pageId="80" pageNumber="1397">
Tribe is presented by two subtribes
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D6D4644C727D86FFDD9F43BC44E" box="[539,619,549,571]" pageId="80" pageNumber="1400" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Trogina">Trogina</taxonomicName>
FOERSTER and
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D6D4644C727D97EFDD9F5A4C44C" authority="HEINRICH" box="[778,1012,549,571]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="1397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Callajoppina">Callajoppina HEINRICH</taxonomicName>
:
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34665654644C727DAC6FDBAF26DC49C" pageId="80" pageNumber="1397" type="key">
<keyStep id="30A82E4B4644C727DAC6FDBAF26DC49C" pageId="80" pageNumber="1397">
<key id="FFCD61DF4644C727DAC6FDBAF26DC49C" pageId="80" pageNumber="1397">
<paragraph id="8BE336EE4644C727DAC6FDBAF26DC4E8" blockId="80.[178,1085,549,747]" pageId="80" pageNumber="1397">
<keyLead id="30AD95DB4644C727DAC6FDBAF26DC4E8" pageId="80" pageNumber="1397">
1 Segments of abdomen sharply separated from each other, with sharp longitudinal wrinkles and very rough sculpture, tergites 2-5 trapezoidal in cross section; clypeus with thin covcaved front margin; ocellar triangle expressed and not surrounded by deep furrow; frons often with two teeth or carinae ..........................................
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D6D4644C727D9FEFD76F586C4EA" box="[906,982,650,671]" pageId="80" pageNumber="1400" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Trogina">Trogina</taxonomicName>
FOERSTER
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE336EE4644C727DAC6FD54F26DC49C" blockId="80.[178,1085,549,747]" pageId="80" pageNumber="1397">
<keyLead id="30AD95DB4644C727DAC6FD54F26DC49C" pageId="80" pageNumber="1397">
- Abdomen of normal structure; clypeus with thickened or normal front margin; ocellar triangle surrounded by deep furrow; frons always without teeth and carinae ....................... .........................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D6D4644C727D92AFD2AF26DC49C" authority="HEINRICH" box="[862,1085,726,747]" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="80" pageNumber="1397" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Callajoppina">Callajoppina HEINRICH</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</key>
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</treatment>
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