443 lines
50 KiB
XML
443 lines
50 KiB
XML
<document id="55818A83A9552CE4929848068F0FDC44" ID-CLB-Dataset="5293" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3873.4.5" ID-GBIF-Dataset="49fea170-00d0-41ad-bedf-7bfb215d7768" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4948201" ID-ZooBank="3B3F6C1E-BBD9-4ED3-91CC-4B89FBC9E348" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1623699889059" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Guo, Peng, Zhu, Fei, Liu, Qin, Zhang, Liang, Li, Jian X., Huang, Yu Y. & Pyron, R. Alexander" docDate="2014" docId="03F587CEFFC5106CA98DFE87CD9ECD53" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03873p440.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3873 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Herpetoreas burbrinki Guo & Zhu & Liu & Zhang & Li & Huang & Pyron 2014, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="437" masterDocId="FFCCFFB6FFCD1060A91AFFCCCD7ECE46" masterDocTitle="A taxonomic revision of the Asian keelback snakes, genus Amphiesma (Serpentes: Colubridae: Natricinae), with description of a new species" masterLastPageNumber="440" masterPageNumber="425" pageNumber="433" updateTime="1699014810059" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="B05027C2FE0E1829BAB3B6C868197694">
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<mods:title id="83D1EBB10D975102C9771F4A2BA2738F">A taxonomic revision of the Asian keelback snakes, genus Amphiesma (Serpentes: Colubridae: Natricinae), with description of a new species</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="717F6160EEDD94A65A77FF9A0487E78B" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="8D761A1903817B801A9F484B96CD40FA">Guo, Peng</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="956EF9D72F0DE9D2CC7F2E903C75D149">College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Yibin University, Yibin 644007, China & Biology Institute, Yibin University, Yibin 644007, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="65AF882693ED927118D83BEC69A7C541">Zhu, Fei</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="30A6EA077A2092549739B09ABC2E7647">College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Yibin University, Yibin 644007, China & College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="F0F710FB66959B3334C015CDC48300BB" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="0C7FB2D550AF4C9041E07F57AA02A0C4">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="BA17B3094B94C65743CE82E23D96DB18">Liu, Qin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D022588642A3D1D8966D0949F2A196DD">College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Yibin University, Yibin 644007, China & Biology Institute, Yibin University, Yibin 644007, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="FE61307B6B4808AB6B8B5200515240E5">Zhang, Liang</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="022713902E237F4073C3EEA6A26827BF">South China Institute of Endangered Animals, Guangzhou 510260, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:name id="3249AA81FB01A626848F1E916F871697" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="8A219E144658256236F3498112203A65">Li, Jian X.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="A5E812DF2C266608D4870AE4C3ED2F89">College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Yibin University, Yibin 644007, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="C573CAE2D88BB26587248F16756965AF">Huang, Yu Y.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D1131A51BFEC66850712007B634AACD1">College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Yibin University, Yibin 644007, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="CDC681EF03B21933AFE5D45005DAAC49">Pyron, R. Alexander</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="B0942B87BB6B49BADFF417E7ABFF25EE">Department of Biological Sciences, 2023 G St. NW, The George Washington University, Washington, D. C. 20052 USA Corresponding author. E-mail: ybguop @ 163. com</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="8ECC0E81E5AA7035FF3ED5F81003B275">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="1EE5609A64A48171A34378BE5AAABB9E">
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<mods:date id="14065D9ABF9F3306D756B0FEB7D5A591">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="6B25FFD9AB4023CAF4BDB4666450906C">2014-10-17</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="594FE8445FA8F58539B0920B0240C424">3873</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="954C705DC16CBD4F991B45590D0AB5FF" type="CLB-Dataset">5293</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="45DACC853051AE3031E7F1979E2B34DB" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3873.4.5</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03F587CEFFC5106CA98DFE87CD9ECD53" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5123280" ID-GBIF-Taxon="183727910" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5123280" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F587CEFFC5106CA98DFE87CD9ECD53" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F587CEFFC5106CA98DFE87CD9ECD53" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="437" pageId="8" pageNumber="433">
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<subSubSection id="C3466553FFC51068A98DFE87CF74CF20" box="[151,522,331,358]" pageId="8" pageNumber="433" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BE336D8FFC51068A98DFE87CF74CF20" blockId="8.[151,522,331,391]" box="[151,522,331,358]" pageId="8" pageNumber="433">
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<heading id="D0AB81B4FFC51068A98DFE87CF74CF20" bold="true" box="[151,522,331,358]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="433" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B928EACAFFC51068A98DFE87CF74CF20" bold="true" box="[151,522,331,358]" pageId="8" pageNumber="433">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D5BFFC51068A98DFE87CCD8CF23" ID-CoL="6M3KM" authority="Guo & Zhu & Liu & Zhang & Li & Huang & Pyron, 2014" authorityName="Guo & Zhu & Liu & Zhang & Li & Huang & Pyron" authorityYear="2014" box="[151,422,331,357]" class="Squamata" family="Colubridae" genus="Herpetoreas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="433" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="burbrinki" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B928EACAFFC51068A98DFE87CCD8CF23" bold="true" box="[151,422,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="433">Herpetoreas burbrinki</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21B57B1FFC51068A8B7FE80CF74CF20" box="[429,522,332,358]" pageId="8" pageNumber="433" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C3466553FFC51068A98DFEA2CC59CFC1" box="[151,295,366,391]" pageId="8" pageNumber="433" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BE336D8FFC51068A98DFEA2CC59CFC1" blockId="8.[151,522,331,391]" box="[151,295,366,391]" pageId="8" pageNumber="433">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13672A5DFFC51068A985FEA2CD92CFC1" box="[159,236,366,391]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1839,1861]" captionTargetBox="[160,1429,851,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-297@8.[151,1435,845,1817]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 1. Approximately distribution of Amphiesma (sensu lato). Red dot indicates the type locality of the new species Herpetoreas burbrinki sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4948203" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4948203/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="433">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
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&
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<figureCitation id="13672A5DFFC51068A80AFEA2CC60CFC1" box="[272,286,366,391]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1486,1508]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,194,1465]" captionTargetId="figure-250@11.[151,1435,193,1465]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 3. Dorsal view (A) and ventral view (B) of the holotype of Herpetoreas burbrinki sp. nov., and its habitat (C)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4948210" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4948210/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="433">3</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3466553FFC51068A98DFE7ACFFBCFB5" pageId="8" pageNumber="433" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="8BE336D8FFC51068A98DFE7ACFFBCFB5" blockId="8.[151,1437,438,793]" pageId="8" pageNumber="433">
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<materialsCitation id="3B343C85FFC51068A98DFE7ACFFBCFB5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3326574301" collectingDate="2007-09" collectionCode="R" country="China" county="Zayu County" elevation="1889" location="Zayu County" pageId="8" pageNumber="433" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Xizang" typeStatus="holotype">
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||
<emphasis id="B928EACAFFC51068A98DFE7ACC75CF89" bold="true" box="[151,267,438,463]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="433" reason="1">
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||
<typeStatus id="54E7887AFFC51068A98DFE7ACC78CF89" box="[151,262,438,463]" pageId="8" pageNumber="433" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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.
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</emphasis>
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YBU 071128, an adult male, collected in
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<date id="FFE21018FFC51068AA16FE7ACEFCCF89" box="[780,898,438,463]" pageId="8" pageNumber="433" value="2007-09">
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||
<collectingDate id="EFA6E9F0FFC51068AA16FE7ACEFCCF89" box="[780,898,438,463]" pageId="8" pageNumber="433" value="2007-09">
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||
Sep.
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||
<quantity id="4CA49B3DFFC51068AA50FE7ACEFCCF89" box="[842,898,438,463]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.097779999999999" pageId="8" pageNumber="433" unit="in" value="2007.0">2007</quantity>
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</collectingDate>
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||
</date>
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||
in
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||
<collectingCounty id="62824E54FFC51068AAAAFE7BC934CF89" box="[944,1098,438,463]" pageId="8" pageNumber="433">Zayu County</collectingCounty>
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||
,
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||
<collectingRegion id="4998F83AFFC51068AD40FE7AC9D5CF89" box="[1114,1195,438,463]" country="China" name="Xizang" pageId="8" pageNumber="433">Xizang</collectingRegion>
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A.
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<collectionCode id="ED4DAE1DFFC51068ADC4FE7BC98BCF88" box="[1246,1269,439,462]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="8" pageNumber="433">R</collectionCode>
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||
.,
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<collectingCountry id="F34B7648FFC51068AC11FE7AC82FCF89" box="[1291,1361,438,463]" name="China" pageId="8" pageNumber="433">China</collectingCountry>
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, at an elevation of
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<elevation id="0071D1EBFFC51068A839FE16CF57CFB5" box="[291,553,474,499]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.889" pageId="8" pageNumber="433" unit="m" value="1889.0">
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<quantity id="4CA49B3DFFC51068A839FE16CC06CFB4" box="[291,376,474,499]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.889" pageId="8" pageNumber="433" unit="m" value="1889.0">1889 m</quantity>
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above sea level
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</elevation>
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||
(
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||
<figureCitation id="13672A5DFFC51068AB20FE16CF09CFB5" box="[570,631,474,499]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1839,1861]" captionTargetBox="[160,1429,851,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-297@8.[151,1435,845,1817]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 1. Approximately distribution of Amphiesma (sensu lato). Red dot indicates the type locality of the new species Herpetoreas burbrinki sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4948203" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4948203/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="433">Fig.1</figureCitation>
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||
).
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||
</materialsCitation>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3466553FFC51068A9DDFE32CF52CD5F" pageId="8" pageNumber="433" type="diagnosis">
|
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<paragraph id="8BE336D8FFC51068A9DDFE32CF52CD5F" blockId="8.[151,1437,438,793]" pageId="8" pageNumber="433">
|
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<emphasis id="B928EACAFFC51068A9DDFE32CC3FCC51" bold="true" box="[199,321,510,535]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="433" reason="1">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D5BFFC51068A855FE33CF2CCC51" authorityName="Guo & Zhu & Liu & Zhang & Li & Huang & Pyron" authorityYear="2014" box="[335,594,510,535]" class="Squamata" family="Colubridae" genus="Herpetoreas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="433" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="burbrinki">
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<emphasis id="B928EACAFFC51068A855FE33CF2CCC51" box="[335,594,510,535]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="433">Herpetoreas burbrinki</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
can be distinguished from its relatives on the basis of the following combination of characters: 1) TL/SVL ratio in the single male 0.26; 2) one or two preoculars; 3) three postoculars; 4) three anterior temporals followed by two posterior temporals; 5) eight supralabials, 3
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||
<superScript id="7C299B90FFC51068AD6CFD89C9FDCC15" attach="left" box="[1142,1155,581,595]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="433">rd</superScript>
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||
to 5
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||
<superScript id="7C299B90FFC51068ADACFD89C9BCCC15" attach="left" box="[1206,1218,581,595]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="433">th</superScript>
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||
in contact with the eye, 7
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||
<superScript id="7C299B90FFC51068A9C0FDA0CD98CC3C" attach="left" box="[218,230,620,634]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="433">th</superScript>
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||
supralabial largest; 6) ten infralabials, the first five bordering the anterior chinshields; 7) 172 ventrals (plus two preventrals) in the one single male; 8) anal plate divided; 9) 96 divided subcaudals in the one single male; 10) reduction of dorsal scales rows from 19 to 17 scale (VS19TO17) occurring above ventral scale position 108; 11) reduction of the tail dorsal scales rows from 8 to 6 (SC6TO4) occurring above subcaudal 63; 12) dorsal scales in 19-19-17 rows, all distinctly keeled.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<caption id="DF236650FFC51068A98DF8E3CCAFC925" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4948203" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4948203" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4948203/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="433" startId="8.[151,250,1839,1861]" targetBox="[160,1429,851,1811]" targetPageId="8">
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||
<paragraph id="8BE336D8FFC51068A98DF8E3CCAFC925" blockId="8.[151,1436,1839,1892]" pageId="8" pageNumber="433">
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||
<emphasis id="B928EACAFFC51068A98DF8E3CC68C902" bold="true" box="[151,278,1839,1861]" pageId="8" pageNumber="433">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
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Approximately distribution of
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<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D5BFFC51068AB44F8E3CFAAC903" authorityName="Dumeril, Bibron, and Dumeril" authorityYear="1854" box="[606,724,1839,1861]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Amphiesma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="433" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B928EACAFFC51068AB44F8E3CFAAC903" box="[606,724,1839,1861]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="433">Amphiesma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
(
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||
<emphasis id="B928EACAFFC51068ABFCF8FCCE30C903" box="[742,846,1839,1861]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="433">sensu lato</emphasis>
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||
). Red dot indicates the type locality of the new species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D5BFFC51068A98DF883CC05C922" authority="Guo & Zhu & Liu & Zhang & Li & Huang & Pyron, 2014" authorityName="Guo & Zhu & Liu & Zhang & Li & Huang & Pyron" authorityYear="2014" box="[151,379,1870,1892]" class="Squamata" family="Colubridae" genus="Herpetoreas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="8" pageNumber="433" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="burbrinki" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EACAFFC51068A98DF883CC05C922" box="[151,379,1870,1892]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="433">Herpetoreas burbrinki</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21B57B1FFC51068A89BF882CCAFC925" box="[385,465,1870,1891]" pageId="8" pageNumber="433" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3466553FFC51069A9DDF85CCCC9CCCA" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="434" pageId="8" pageNumber="433" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE336D8FFC51069A9DDF85CCEAECE91" blockId="8.[151,1436,1936,2000]" lastBlockId="9.[151,1436,151,215]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="434" pageId="8" pageNumber="433">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EACAFFC51068A9DDF85CCF71C9EF" bold="true" box="[199,527,1936,1961]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="433" reason="1">
|
||
Description of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E7887AFFC51068A8BBF85CCF74C9EF" box="[417,522,1936,1961]" pageId="8" pageNumber="433" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal scale rows 19-19-17, all distinctly keeled. Scales on posterior part of head and temporal region keeled. Reduction from 19 to 17 dorsal scale rows occurs at the level of the 3
|
||
<superScript id="7C299B90FFC51068ADEAF878C983C984" attach="left" box="[1264,1277,1972,1986]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="433">rd</superScript>
|
||
and 4
|
||
<superScript id="7C299B90FFC51068AC5EF878C82EC984" attach="left" box="[1348,1360,1972,1986]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="433">th</superScript>
|
||
dorsal scale rows and between the 107
|
||
<superScript id="7C299B90FFC41069AB11FF5BCF69CEE3" attach="left" box="[523,535,151,165]" fontSize="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="434">th</superScript>
|
||
and 109
|
||
<superScript id="7C299B90FFC41069AB64FF5BCFF4CEE3" attach="left" box="[638,650,151,165]" fontSize="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="434">th</superScript>
|
||
ventrals. There are 172 ventrals and 2 preventrals with 96 pairs of subcaudals. Anal divided. The scale rows reduction formula on the tail is:
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE336D8FFC41069A9EAFEC3CF0CCF1A" pageId="9" pageNumber="434">
|
||
9(4 + 5) 23(3 + 4) 63(2 + 3) 10 8 6 4 9
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EACAFFC41069A81AFEFBCC74CF1A" bold="true" box="[256,266,311,348]" pageId="9" pageNumber="434">(</emphasis>
|
||
4 + 5
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EACAFFC41069A853FEFBCC2DCF1A" bold="true" box="[329,339,311,348]" pageId="9" pageNumber="434">)</emphasis>
|
||
23
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EACAFFC41069A895FEFBCCE7CF1A" bold="true" box="[399,409,311,348]" pageId="9" pageNumber="434">(</emphasis>
|
||
3+ 4
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EACAFFC41069A8C2FEFBCC9CCF1A" bold="true" box="[472,482,311,348]" pageId="9" pageNumber="434">)</emphasis>
|
||
63
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EACAFFC41069AB05FEFBCF57CF1A" bold="true" box="[543,553,311,348]" pageId="9" pageNumber="434">(</emphasis>
|
||
2 + 3)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE336D8FFC41069A9DDFE54CCC9CCCA" blockId="9.[151,1436,408,903]" pageId="9" pageNumber="434">
|
||
Rostral visible dorsally. Internasals subtriangular, wider than long. Prefrontals large, extending laterally onto side of head. Frontal longer than wide. Supraoculars broadly in contact with prefrontal, with supraocular two-thirds as broad as frontal. Single loreal. Preoculars 2 (left) or 1 (right); postoculars 3/3. Temporals 3+2 on both sides. Supralabials 8/8, the 3
|
||
<superScript id="7C299B90FFC41069A883FDCFCCD8CC57" attach="left" box="[409,422,515,529]" fontSize="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="434">rd</superScript>
|
||
to 5
|
||
<superScript id="7C299B90FFC41069A8C6FDCFCC96CC57" attach="left" box="[476,488,515,529]" fontSize="6" pageId="9" pageNumber="434">th</superScript>
|
||
bordering orbit. Infralabials 10/10, first 5 contacting anterior chinshields. Nostrils lateral, nasals are undivided. In preservative, the dorsal body and upper tail surfaces are dark gray. Labials and ventral surface of head faint white. A faint white stripe is present on each side of the body. SVL
|
||
<quantity id="4CA49B3DFFC41069ADF9FD82C83DCC20" box="[1251,1347,590,615]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.95" pageId="9" pageNumber="434" unit="mm" value="495.0">495 mm</quantity>
|
||
, TL
|
||
<quantity id="4CA49B3DFFC41069AC69FD82CDBBCCCC" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="9" pageNumber="434" unit="mm" value="130.0">130 mm</quantity>
|
||
, ratio TL / SVL 0.26.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3466553FFC41069A9DDFD5ACE16CCB1" pageId="9" pageNumber="434" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE336D8FFC41069A9DDFD5ACE16CCB1" blockId="9.[151,1436,408,903]" pageId="9" pageNumber="434">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EACAFFC41069A9DDFD5ACC30CCE9" bold="true" box="[199,334,662,687]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="434" reason="1">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
This species is named after the herpetologist Frank T. Burbrink of Peoria,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4998F83AFFC41069ADBAFD5AC98CCCE9" box="[1184,1266,662,687]" country="United States of America" name="Illinois" pageId="9" pageNumber="434">Illinois</collectingRegion>
|
||
, in recognition of his contributions to snake systematics and evolution. We suggest the common name of this new species be Burbrink’s Keelback in English and Chayu Fulianshe (Chinese).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3466553FFC41069A9DDFCCFCF11CDC1" pageId="9" pageNumber="434" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE336D8FFC41069A9DDFCCFCF11CDC1" blockId="9.[151,1436,408,903]" pageId="9" pageNumber="434">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EACAFFC41069A9DDFCCFCC1ECD5A" bold="true" box="[199,352,771,796]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="434" reason="1">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
This species is currently known only from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E7887AFFC41069AA68FCCFCEDCCD5D" box="[882,930,771,795]" pageId="9" pageNumber="434">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13672A5DFFC41069AD15FCCFC935CD5A" box="[1039,1099,771,796]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1839,1861]" captionTargetBox="[160,1429,851,1811]" captionTargetId="figure-297@8.[151,1435,845,1817]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 1. Approximately distribution of Amphiesma (sensu lato). Red dot indicates the type locality of the new species Herpetoreas burbrinki sp. nov." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4948203" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4948203/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="434">Fig.1</figureCitation>
|
||
). The specimen was collected on a road located in an evergreen forest close to a town (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13672A5DFFC41069AA37FCEACE0ACD79" box="[813,884,806,831]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1486,1508]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,194,1465]" captionTargetId="figure-250@11.[151,1435,193,1465]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 3. Dorsal view (A) and ventral view (B) of the holotype of Herpetoreas burbrinki sp. nov., and its habitat (C)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4948210" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4948210/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="434">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
). It is likely that the new species also occurs in northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34B7648FFC41069A9E4FC87CC34CD24" box="[254,330,843,866]" name="Myanmar" pageId="9" pageNumber="434">Burma</collectingCountry>
|
||
and/or extreme eastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34B7648FFC41069AB46FC87CFEBCD22" box="[604,661,843,868]" name="India" pageId="9" pageNumber="434">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
given the proximity of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E7887AFFC41069AAD4FC87CE80CD25" box="[974,1022,843,867]" pageId="9" pageNumber="434">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality to their borders. No data on its feeding and reproduction are available.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF236650FFC41069A98DF843CC41C9B5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4948205" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4948205" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4948205/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="434" startId="9.[151,244,1935,1957]" targetBox="[233,1355,970,1896]" targetPageId="9">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE336D8FFC41069A98DF843CC41C9B5" blockId="9.[151,1437,1935,2035]" pageId="9" pageNumber="434">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EACAFFC41069A98DF843CC60C9E3" bold="true" box="[151,286,1935,1957]" pageId="9" pageNumber="434">FIGURE 2A.</emphasis>
|
||
Bayesian 50% majority-rule consensus tree inferred from mtDNA data (A)in MrBayes 3.2. The values assigned to the internodes indicate posterior probability support (before the slash) and ML bootstrap (after the slash). A node with support value <50% was indicated by “-“. Branch-support indices are not given for some internodes to preserve clarity. The partition strategy is to see the main text.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF236650FFC7106AA98DF844CF3CC9AB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4948207" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4948207" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4948207/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="435" startId="10.[151,244,1928,1950]" targetBox="[219,1366,190,1919]" targetPageId="10">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE336D8FFC7106AA98DF844CF3CC9AB" blockId="10.[151,1437,1928,2029]" pageId="10" pageNumber="435">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EACAFFC7106AA98DF844CC3BC9D8" bold="true" box="[151,325,1928,1950]" pageId="10" pageNumber="435">FIGURE 2B, 2C.</emphasis>
|
||
Bayesian 50% majority-rule consensus tree inferred from nDNA data (B) and concatenated data set (C) in MrBayes 3.2. The values assigned to the internodes indicate posterior probability support (before the slash) and ML bootstrap (after the slash). A node with support value <50% was indicated by “-“. Branch-support indices are not given for some internodes to preserve clarity. The partition strategy is to see the main text.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF236650FFC6106BA98DFA02C824CBA2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4948210" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4948210" box="[151,1370,1486,1508]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4948210/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="436" startId="11.[151,250,1486,1508]" targetBox="[151,1435,194,1465]" targetPageId="11">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE336D8FFC6106BA98DFA02C824CBA2" blockId="11.[151,1370,1486,1508]" box="[151,1370,1486,1508]" pageId="11" pageNumber="436">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EACAFFC6106BA98DFA02CC6CCBA2" bold="true" box="[151,274,1486,1508]" pageId="11" pageNumber="436">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal view (A) and ventral view (B) of the holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D5BFFC6106BAA4CFA03C944CBA2" authority="Guo & Zhu & Liu & Zhang & Li & Huang & Pyron, 2014" authorityName="Guo & Zhu & Liu & Zhang & Li & Huang & Pyron" authorityYear="2014" box="[854,1082,1486,1508]" class="Squamata" family="Colubridae" genus="Herpetoreas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="11" pageNumber="436" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="burbrinki" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EACAFFC6106BAA4CFA03C944CBA2" box="[854,1082,1486,1508]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="436">Herpetoreas burbrinki</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EACAFFC6106BAD5AFA03C9EECBA2" bold="true" box="[1088,1168,1487,1508]" pageId="11" pageNumber="436">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21B57B1FFC6106BAD5AFA03C9EECBA2" box="[1088,1168,1487,1508]" pageId="11" pageNumber="436" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, and its habitat (C).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3466553FFC6106CA9DDF9DDCD9ECD53" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="437" pageId="11" pageNumber="436" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE336D8FFC6106BA9DDF9DDCC6CC8FC" blockId="11.[151,1436,1553,2010]" pageId="11" pageNumber="436">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EACAFFC6106BA9DDF9DDCC45C86C" bold="true" box="[199,315,1553,1578]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="436" reason="1">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
In molecular phylogenies,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D5BFFC6106BAB61F9DECE75C86C" authorityName="Guo & Zhu & Liu & Zhang & Li & Huang & Pyron" authorityYear="2014" box="[635,779,1553,1578]" class="Squamata" family="Colubridae" genus="Herpetoreas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="11" pageNumber="436" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="burbrinki">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EACAFFC6106BAB61F9DECE75C86C" box="[635,779,1553,1578]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="436">H. burbrinki</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is closely related to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D5BFFC6106BAD19F9DEC9EDC86C" baseAuthorityName="Malnate" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[1027,1171,1553,1578]" class="Squamata" family="Colubridae" genus="Herpetoreas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="11" pageNumber="436" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="platyceps">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EACAFFC6106BAD19F9DEC9EDC86C" box="[1027,1171,1553,1578]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="436">H. platyceps</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13672A5DFFC6106BADBCF9DDC990C86C" box="[1190,1262,1553,1578]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,244,1935,1957]" captionTargetBox="[233,1355,970,1896]" captionTargetId="figure-376@9.[216,1371,958,1911]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 2A. Bayesian 50% majority-rule consensus tree inferred from mtDNA data (A)in MrBayes 3.2. The values assigned to the internodes indicate posterior probability support (before the slash) and ML bootstrap (after the slash). A node with support value <50% was indicated by “-“. Branch-support indices are not given for some internodes to preserve clarity. The partition strategy is to see the main text." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4948205" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4948205/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="436">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
). Besides their differences in external morphology, these species were significantly different in genetic distance. Based on cyt
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EACAFFC6106BAC94F9F9C8E2C808" box="[1422,1436,1589,1614]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="436">b</emphasis>
|
||
sequences, the average divergence (P-distance) between them (13.6%) is much higher than those between some other species in clade A (e.g. 13.1% between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D5BFFC6106BAB8EF9B2CE6FC8D3" baseAuthorityName="Hu & Zhao" baseAuthorityYear="1966" box="[660,785,1662,1685]" class="Squamata" family="Colubridae" genus="Hebius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="11" pageNumber="436" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="optatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EACAFFC6106BAB8EF9B2CE6FC8D3" box="[660,785,1662,1685]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="436">H. optatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D5BFFC6106BAA5DF9B2CE9AC8D0" box="[839,996,1661,1686]" class="Squamata" family="Colubridae" genus="Herpetoreas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="11" pageNumber="436" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="parallelum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EACAFFC6106BAA5DF9B2CE9AC8D0" box="[839,996,1661,1686]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="436">H. parallelum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 4.6% between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D5BFFC6106BAD8DF9B2C835C8D0" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1904" box="[1175,1355,1661,1686]" class="Squamata" family="Colubridae" genus="Hebius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="11" pageNumber="436" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="octolineatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EACAFFC6106BAD8DF9B2C835C8D0" box="[1175,1355,1661,1686]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="436">H. octolineatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D5BFFC6106BAC9BF9B2CC7CC8FF" baseAuthorityName="Inger, Zhao & W.u.Schaffer" baseAuthorityYear="1990" class="Squamata" family="Colubridae" genus="Hebius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="11" pageNumber="436" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="metusium">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EACAFFC6106BAC9BF9B2CC7CC8FF" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="436">H. metusium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE336D8FFC6106BA9DDF909CCAEC90F" blockId="11.[151,1436,1553,2010]" pageId="11" pageNumber="436">
|
||
The new species is very similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D5BFFC6106BAB51F90ACFB3C898" authorityName="Das" authorityYear="1996" box="[587,717,1733,1758]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Amphiesma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="11" pageNumber="436" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sieboldii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EACAFFC6106BAB51F90ACFB3C898" box="[587,717,1733,1758]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="436">H. sieboldii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in external morphology. But the former can be distinct from the latter by having: fewer ventrals (172 vs. 216), more subcaudals (96 vs. 90), more postoculars (3 vs. 2), and a lower TL / SVL ratio (0.26 vs 0.32). In addition, a faint white stripe is present on each side of the body in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D5BFFC6106BAC12F8C2C8EBC960" authorityName="Guo & Zhu & Liu & Zhang & Li & Huang & Pyron" authorityYear="2014" box="[1288,1429,1805,1830]" class="Squamata" family="Colubridae" genus="Herpetoreas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="11" pageNumber="436" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="burbrinki">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EACAFFC6106BAC12F8C2C8EBC960" box="[1288,1429,1805,1830]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="436">H. burbrinki</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but is absent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D5BFFC6106BA85CF8FECCB7C90C" authorityName="Das" authorityYear="1996" box="[326,457,1841,1866]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Amphiesma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="11" pageNumber="436" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sieboldii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EACAFFC6106BA85CF8FECCB7C90C" box="[326,457,1841,1866]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="436">H. sieboldii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE336D8FFC6106CA9DDF899CE67CEBE" blockId="11.[151,1436,1553,2010]" lastBlockId="12.[151,1437,151,789]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="437" pageId="11" pageNumber="436">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EACAFFC6106BA9DDF899CCEBC92B" bold="true" box="[199,405,1876,1902]" pageId="11" pageNumber="436">
|
||
Notes on
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EACAFFC6106BA826F898CCEBC92B" bold="true" box="[316,405,1876,1901]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="436">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D5BFFC6106BA826F898CCEFC92B" authorityName="Thompson" authorityYear="1913" box="[316,401,1876,1901]" class="Squamata" family="Colubridae" genus="Hebius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="11" pageNumber="436" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Hebius</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
In this work, it is not our main aim to explore and address species level taxonomy, but several species are apparently non-monophyletic, and should be examined in future studies. Previously, morphological work indicated that some species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D5BFFC6106BAA1EF851CEF9C9F0" authorityName="Dumeril, Bibron, and Dumeril" authorityYear="1854" box="[772,903,1949,1974]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Amphiesma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="11" pageNumber="436" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus" sensu="lato">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EACAFFC6106BAA1EF851CEF9C9F0" box="[772,903,1949,1974]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="436">Amphiesma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21B57B1FFC6106BAA89F852C977C9F0" box="[915,1033,1949,1974]" pageId="11" pageNumber="436" sensu="lato">sensu lato</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
were poorly diagnosed and quite variable, contributing to frequent misidentification and confusion between these species (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCD4B29FFC6106BAD9AF80DC839C99C" author="David, P. & Bain, R. H. & Nguyen, Q. T. & Orlov, N. L. & Vogel, G. & Vu, N. T. & Ziegler, T." box="[1152,1351,1985,2010]" pageId="11" pageNumber="436" pagination="41 - 60" refId="ref7711" refString="David, P., Bain, R. H., Nguyen, Q. T., Orlov, N. L., Vogel, G., Vu, N. T. & Ziegler, T. (2007) A new species of the natricine snake genus Amphiesma from the Indochinese region (Squamata: Colubridae: Natricinae). Zootaxa, 1462, 41 - 60." type="journal article" year="2007">
|
||
David
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EACAFFC6106BADD4F80EC981C99C" box="[1230,1279,1985,2010]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="436">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2007
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCD4B29FFC6106BAC4EF80DC8EFC99C" author="David, P. & Vogel, G. & Van Rooijen, J." box="[1364,1425,1985,2010]" pageId="11" pageNumber="436" pagination="301 - 335" refId="ref7785" refString="David, P., Vogel, G. & Van Rooijen, J. (2013) On some taxonomically confused species of the genus Amphiesma Dumeril, Bibron and Dumeril, 1854 related to Amphiesma khasiense (Boulenger, 1890) (Squamata, Natricidae). Zootaxa, 3694 (4), 301 - 335. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3694.4.1" type="journal article" year="2013">2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). This misidentification problem was also apparent in this work based on multilocus molecular sampling. It is particularly true for the species within the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D5BFFC1106CABCDFF70CE58CE93" authorityName="Thompson" authorityYear="1913" box="[727,806,188,213]" class="Squamata" family="Colubridae" genus="Hebius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="437" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EACAFFC1106CABCDFF70CE58CE93" box="[727,806,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="437">Hebius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. These species include
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D5BFFC1106CAD24FF71C997CE93" baseAuthorityName="Wall" baseAuthorityYear="1925" box="[1086,1257,188,213]" class="Squamata" family="Colubridae" genus="Hebius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="437" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bitaeniatum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EACAFFC1106CAD24FF71C997CE93" box="[1086,1257,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="437">H. bitaeniatum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D5BFFC1106CADE6FF71C811CE92" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[1276,1391,189,212]" class="Squamata" family="Colubridae" genus="Hebius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="437" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sauteri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EACAFFC1106CADE6FF71C811CE92" box="[1276,1391,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="437">H. sauteri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D5BFFC1106CAC9BFF71CC3DCEBE" class="Squamata" family="Colubridae" genus="Hebius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="437" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="craspedogaster">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EACAFFC1106CAC9BFF71CC3DCEBE" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="437">H. craspedogaster</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D5BFFC1106CA84AFF2DCCADCEB1" baseAuthorityName="Wall" baseAuthorityYear="1910" box="[336,467,224,248]" class="Squamata" family="Colubridae" genus="Hebius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="437" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="venningi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EACAFFC1106CA84AFF2DCCADCEB1" box="[336,467,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="437">H. venningi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D5BFFC1106CAB0AFF2DCFDBCEBE" baseAuthorityName="Gunther" baseAuthorityYear="1875" box="[528,677,223,248]" class="Squamata" family="Colubridae" genus="Hebius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="437" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="modestum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EACAFFC1106CAB0AFF2DCFDBCEBE" box="[528,677,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="437">H. modestum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13672A5DFFC1106CABAEFF13CE72CEBE" box="[692,780,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,244,1935,1957]" captionTargetBox="[233,1355,970,1896]" captionTargetId="figure-376@9.[216,1371,958,1911]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 2A. Bayesian 50% majority-rule consensus tree inferred from mtDNA data (A)in MrBayes 3.2. The values assigned to the internodes indicate posterior probability support (before the slash) and ML bootstrap (after the slash). A node with support value <50% was indicated by “-“. Branch-support indices are not given for some internodes to preserve clarity. The partition strategy is to see the main text." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4948205" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4948205/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="437">Fig. 2C</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE336D8FFC1106CA9DDFEC8C911CC26" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,789]" pageId="12" pageNumber="437">
|
||
The species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D5BFFC1106CA843FEC9CCB3CF5A" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[345,461,261,284]" class="Squamata" family="Colubridae" genus="Hebius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="437" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sauteri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EACAFFC1106CA843FEC9CCB3CF5A" box="[345,461,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="437">H. sauteri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is widely distributed in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34B7648FFC1106CABEAFEC8CE4DCF5B" box="[752,819,260,285]" name="China" pageId="12" pageNumber="437">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
(including
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4998F83AFFC1106CAAA6FEC8C969CF5B" box="[956,1047,260,285]" country="China" name="Taiwan)" pageId="12" pageNumber="437">Taiwan)</collectingRegion>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34B7648FFC1106CAD4CFEC8C9CBCF5B" box="[1110,1205,260,285]" name="Vietnam" pageId="12" pageNumber="437">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCD4B29FFC1106CADDDFEC8C8EECF5B" author="Zhao, E. M. & Huang, M. H. & Zong, Y." box="[1223,1424,260,285]" pageId="12" pageNumber="437" refId="ref10110" refString="Zhao, E. M., Huang, M. H. & Zong, Y. (1998) Fauna Sinica: Reptilia. Vol. 3. Squamata Serpentes. Science Press, Beijing, xvii + 522 pp." type="book" year="1998">
|
||
Zhao
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EACAFFC1106CAC17FEC9C83CCF5B" box="[1293,1346,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="437">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1998
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Based on the counts of ventals and subcaudals, Malnate (1962) divided it into three subspecies (see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCD4B29FFC1106CAC05FEEBCDADCF23" author="Zhao, E. M. & Huang, M. H. & Zong, Y." pageId="12" pageNumber="437" refId="ref10110" refString="Zhao, E. M., Huang, M. H. & Zong, Y. (1998) Fauna Sinica: Reptilia. Vol. 3. Squamata Serpentes. Science Press, Beijing, xvii + 522 pp." type="book" year="1998">
|
||
Zhao
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EACAFFC1106CAC7BFEE5C8EBCF06" box="[1377,1429,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="437">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1998
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The populations from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34B7648FFC1106CA8F8FE80CF4ACF23" box="[482,564,332,357]" name="Taiwan" pageId="12" pageNumber="437">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
and southeastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34B7648FFC1106CABE5FE80CE3CCF23" box="[767,834,332,357]" name="China" pageId="12" pageNumber="437">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
are assigned to
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EACAFFC1106CAAE2FE81C9FCCF22" box="[1016,1154,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="437">
|
||
H. s.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D5BFFC1106CAD2FFE81C9FCCF22" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[1077,1154,333,356]" class="Squamata" family="Colubridae" genus="Hebius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="437" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sauteri">sauteri</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, and those from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4998F83AFFC1106CAC58FE80C8E2CF23" box="[1346,1436,332,357]" country="China" name="Sichuan" pageId="12" pageNumber="437">Sichuan</collectingRegion>
|
||
belong to
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EACAFFC1106CA811FEBDCCDACFC1" box="[267,420,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="437">
|
||
H. s.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D5BFFC1106CA851FEBCCCDACFC1" box="[331,420,368,391]" class="Squamata" family="Colubridae" genus="Hebius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="437" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maxima">maxima</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
. However, molecular results presented here suggest they are not close relatives. So, it is likely that these populations represent two different species, and that
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EACAFFC1106CAAB6FE59C93CCFEA" box="[940,1090,405,428]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="437">
|
||
H. s.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D5BFFC1106CAAF3FE59C93CCFEA" box="[1001,1090,405,428]" class="Squamata" family="Colubridae" genus="Hebius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="437" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maxima">maxima</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
should be given a full species rank as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D5BFFC1106CA9EDFE75CC08CF89" box="[247,374,440,464]" class="Squamata" family="Colubridae" genus="Hebius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="437" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maxima">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EACAFFC1106CA9EDFE75CC08CF89" box="[247,374,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="437">H. maxima</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Another example is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D5BFFC1106CAB62FE75CE6ECF96" baseAuthorityName="Gunther" baseAuthorityYear="1875" box="[632,784,439,464]" class="Squamata" family="Colubridae" genus="Hebius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="437" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="modestum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EACAFFC1106CAB62FE75CE6ECF96" box="[632,784,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="437">H. modestum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A sample of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D5BFFC1106CAADAFE75C926CF96" baseAuthorityName="Gunther" baseAuthorityYear="1875" box="[960,1112,439,464]" class="Squamata" family="Colubridae" genus="Hebius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="437" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="modestum">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EACAFFC1106CAADAFE75C926CF96" box="[960,1112,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="437">H. modestum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4998F83AFFC1106CADBCFE74C981CF89" box="[1190,1279,440,463]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="12" pageNumber="437">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34B7648FFC1106CAC14FE7BC82FCF96" box="[1294,1361,439,464]" name="China" pageId="12" pageNumber="437">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
(CAS 234262) is much distinct from another one from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34B7648FFC1106CABD7FE10CE52CFB3" box="[717,812,476,501]" name="Vietnam" pageId="12" pageNumber="437">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
|
||
(MVZ 226514). Because most samples analyzed here were loaned from museums and colleagues, we are not sure whether these questions have arisen from misidenfification or they represent undescribed new taxa. A comprehensive study with more complete samples as well as various methods is highly desirable in resolving the taxonomies at species level.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE336D8FFC1106CA9DDFDA0CD9ECD53" blockId="12.[151,1437,151,789]" pageId="12" pageNumber="437">
|
||
Finally, taxonomic information on the revised genera
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EACAFFC1106CAA5FFDA0C94FCCC3" box="[837,1073,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="437">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D5BFFC1106CAA5FFDA0CEB5CCC3" authorityName="Dumeril, Bibron, and Dumeril" authorityYear="1854" box="[837,971,620,645]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Amphiesma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="437" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Amphiesma</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D5BFFC1106CAAC1FDA0C953CCC3" authorityName="Thompson" authorityYear="1913" box="[987,1069,620,645]" class="Squamata" family="Colubridae" genus="Hebius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="437" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Hebius</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D5BFFC1106CAD69FDA1C980CCC2" authorityName=", Snakes" authorityYear="2014" box="[1139,1278,621,644]" class="Squamata" family="Colubridae" genus="Herpetoreas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="12" pageNumber="437" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EACAFFC1106CAD69FDA1C980CCC2" box="[1139,1278,621,644]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="437">Herpetoreas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are provided below. However, we note that the generic diagnoses of these genera have been modified from published sources cited herein, and thus may not be precise. More complete diagnoses will depend on comprehensive morphological studies, but even then, the evident degree of convergence may complicate this substantially (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCD4B29FFC1106CADD9FD1BCDAACD53" author="Pyron, R. A. & Burbrink, F. T." pageId="12" pageNumber="437" pagination="22 - 32" refId="ref9114" refString="Pyron, R. A. & Burbrink, F. T. (2009) Systematics of the Common Kingsnake (Lampropeltis getula; Serpentes: Colubridae) and the burden of heritage in taxonomy. Zootaxa, 2241, 22 - 32." type="journal article" year="2009">Pyron & Burbrink, 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |