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<document id="198BF151A8B1A38A3F64B584F3CE0117" ID-CLB-Dataset="5899" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4981.3.5" ID-GBIF-Dataset="fce50f60-b834-424f-9a19-cf4601ffd2a3" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4921345" ID-ZooBank="3F94E1C8-2F49-4B85-86E3-48341F17A358" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1623281889193" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Rafael, José Albertino &amp; Marques, Dayse Willkenia A." docDate="2021" docId="03F5878CFFCBFFF575D1ACD8C51CAD8A" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4981.3.5.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4981 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Macrostomus penai Rafael &amp; Cumming 2006" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="516" masterDocId="FFCCFFF4FFC3FFFF7546AA0DC66DAC5B" masterDocTitle="Four new species of Macrostomus Wiedemann and a checklist of Empididae s. str (Diptera) from Peru" masterLastPageNumber="530" masterPageNumber="506" pageNumber="514" updateTime="1699009141239" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
<mods:mods id="C584B0CDD25EB8085B061618AA1E4A5D" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="BA738C32051A299790793885C978D955">
<mods:title id="9C9ED23C2A9680EA03BC996BD9365AC2">Four new species of Macrostomus Wiedemann and a checklist of Empididae s. str (Diptera) from Peru</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="9DA295547EC838E5042121E4D60D79B2" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="E0EC39C7BE2B1FC030A0A3F64C136A52">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="0A3601B8C67C7F0A4B72A0F4047F1EB1">Rafael, José Albertino</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="8087323819AFCA897540CEA06CAFB13F" type="ORCID">0000-0002-0170-0514</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="379325B8C29D9EC9E1B469BDE2ED3CB1">Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Coordenação de Biodiversidade, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. jarafael @ inpa. gov. br; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 0170 - 0514</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="982A1269A3F3363BC950A08A143AA082" type="email">jarafael@inpa.gov.br</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="142AB0632EAD87BACAEFAC4C62DD8BF0">Marques, Dayse Willkenia A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="4B939BBECC2939B23D8DDEB439E5EC5A" type="ORCID">0000-0001-7260-5760</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="4E8E9274EFB967D1F228B9437BC3415A">Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Entomologia, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. willkenia @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7260 - 5760</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="065970D447821F66F0D699092B1924C3" type="email">willkenia@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="11FEFE41A32A53DF6E1BE61780C0D93B">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="6799409A010B8717CFC414C2E7FE0AC8">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="A3FC6A6BA0FE70A0EA6CFA1927D18DD5">2021-06-08</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="7BEE300856E446B66A008DDF94C2D5FA">4981</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03F5878CFFCBFFF575D1ACD8C51CAD8A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4921726" ID-GBIF-Taxon="183228120" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4921726" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F5878CFFCBFFF575D1ACD8C51CAD8A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F5878CFFCBFFF575D1ACD8C51CAD8A" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="516" pageId="8" pageNumber="514">
<subSubSection id="C3466511FFCBFFF775D1ACD8C412AAB4" box="[151,639,1749,1775]" pageId="8" pageNumber="514" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BE3369AFFCBFFF775D1ACD8C412AAB4" blockId="8.[151,639,1749,1811]" box="[151,639,1749,1775]" pageId="8" pageNumber="514">
<heading id="D0AB81F6FFCBFFF775D1ACD8C412AAB4" bold="true" box="[151,639,1749,1775]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="514" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D19FFCBFFF775D1ACD8C412AAB4" ID-CoL="3XBBB" authority="Rafael &amp; Cumming" authorityName="Rafael &amp; Cumming" authorityYear="2006" box="[151,639,1749,1775]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Macrostomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="penai">
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFCBFFF775D1ACD8C412AAB4" bold="true" box="[151,639,1749,1775]" pageId="8" pageNumber="514">
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFCBFFF775D1ACD8C7EFAAB4" bold="true" box="[151,386,1749,1775]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="514">Macrostomus penai</emphasis>
Rafael &amp; Cumming
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3466511FFCBFFF775D1ACF4C748AB48" box="[151,293,1785,1811]" pageId="8" pageNumber="514" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BE3369AFFCBFFF775D1ACF4C748AB48" blockId="8.[151,639,1749,1811]" box="[151,293,1785,1811]" pageId="8" pageNumber="514">
(
<figureCitation id="13672A1FFFCBFFF775D9ACF4C773AB48" box="[159,286,1785,1811]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="10.[151,248,1278,1302]" captionTargetBox="[155,1431,490,1253]" captionTargetId="figure-133@10.[154,1434,489,1255]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 7. Macrostomus penai Rafael &amp; Cumming, 2006. Holotype ♂ (A–D). A. Tergite 8, dorsal view; B. Tergite and sternite 8, lateral view; C. Epandrium and cerci lobes, lateral view; D. Hypandrium and phallus, lateral view. Paratype ♀ (E–G). E. Female, apex of abdomen, lateral view; F. Female sternite 8, ventral view; G. Genital fork (all figures after Rafael &amp; Cumming (2009))." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4921367" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4921367/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="514">Figs 7A–G</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3466511FFCBFFF775D1AD33C47AAB2F" pageId="8" pageNumber="514" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BE3369AFFCBFFF775D1AD33C241AB0E" blockId="8.[151,1068,1853,1908]" box="[151,1068,1853,1878]" pageId="8" pageNumber="514">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4C11B4FFCBFFF775D1AD33C241AB0E" box="[151,1068,1853,1878]" pageId="8" pageNumber="514">
<treatmentCitation id="0AFD108BFFCBFFF775D1AD33C4FBAB0E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3501147" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3501147" author="Rafael, J. A. &amp; Cumming, J. M." box="[151,662,1853,1877]" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/163B5B4D346EFFEBFEF7CA05FD2D454B" page="58" pageId="8" pageNumber="514" year="2006">
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D19FFCBFFF775D1AD33C4FBAB0E" ID-CoL="3XBBB" authority="Rafael &amp; Cumming, 2006: 58" authorityName="Rafael &amp; Cumming" authorityPageNumber="58" authorityYear="2006" box="[151,662,1853,1877]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Macrostomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="penai">
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFCBFFF775D1AD33C733AB0E" box="[151,350,1854,1877]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="514">Macrostomus penai</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B343CC7FFCBFFF77423AD30C4FBAB0E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3312253321" box="[357,662,1853,1877]" country="Peru" location="Quincemil" pageId="8" pageNumber="514" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Cusco">
<bibRefCitation id="EFCD4B6BFFCBFFF77423AD30C4FBAB0E" author="Rafael, J. A. &amp; Cumming, J. M." box="[357,662,1853,1877]" pageId="8" pageNumber="514" pagination="49 - 64" refId="ref17230" refString="Rafael, J. A. &amp; Cumming, J. M. (2006) New species of Macrostomus Wiedemann (Diptera, Empididae) from Colombia, Ecuador and Peru. Zootaxa, 1136 (1), 49 - 64. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1136.1.3" type="journal article" year="2006">Rafael &amp; Cumming, 2006: 58</bibRefCitation>
</materialsCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<typeStatus id="54E78838FFCBFFF777D9AD33C4BCAB0D" box="[671,721,1854,1878]" pageId="8" pageNumber="514">Type</typeStatus>
locality:
<collectingCountry id="F34B760AFFCBFFF77677AD33C50FAB0E" box="[817,866,1854,1877]" name="Peru" pageId="8" pageNumber="514">Peru</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="4998F878FFCBFFF7762AAD30C5C2AB0E" box="[876,943,1853,1877]" country="Peru" name="Cusco" pageId="8" pageNumber="514">Cuzco</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="8E836041FFCBFFF776FCAD30C245AB0E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F5878CFFCBFFF575D1ACD8C51CAD8A:8E836041FFCBFFF776FCAD30C245AB0E" box="[954,1064,1853,1877]" country="Peru" name="Quincemil" pageId="8" pageNumber="514" stateProvince="Cusco">Quincemil</location>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE3369AFFCBFFF775D1AD50C47AAB2F" blockId="8.[151,1068,1853,1908]" box="[151,535,1884,1908]" pageId="8" pageNumber="514">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4C11B4FFCBFFF775D1AD50C47AAB2F" box="[151,535,1884,1908]" pageId="8" pageNumber="514">
<treatmentCitation id="0AFD108BFFCBFFF775D1AD50C7BAAB2F" author="Yang, D. &amp; Zhang, K. &amp; Yao, G. &amp; Zhang, J." box="[151,471,1884,1908]" page="145" pageId="8" pageNumber="514" year="2007">
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D19FFCBFFF775D1AD50C7BAAB2F" ID-CoL="3XBBB" authority=": Yang et al., 2007: 145" authorityName="Yang" authorityPageNumber="145" authorityYear="2007" box="[151,471,1884,1908]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Macrostomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="514" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="penai">
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFCBFFF775D1AD50C69CAB2F" box="[151,241,1885,1908]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="514">M. penai</emphasis>
:
<bibRefCitation id="EFCD4B6BFFCBFFF775B8AD51C7BAAB2F" author="Yang, D. &amp; Zhang, K. &amp; Yao, G. &amp; Zhang, J." box="[254,471,1884,1908]" pageId="8" pageNumber="514" refId="ref17703" refString="Yang, D., Zhang, K., Yao, G. &amp; Zhang, J. (2007) World Catalog of Empididae (Insecta: Diptera). China Agricultural University Press, Beijing, 599 pp." type="book" year="2007">
Yang
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFCBFFF77471AD50C70FAB2F" box="[311,354,1884,1908]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="514">et al</emphasis>
., 2007: 145
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
(cat.).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3466511FFCBFFF575D1ADAFC410AD3E" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="516" pageId="8" pageNumber="514" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BE3369AFFCBFFF575D1ADAFC2B4AC8E" blockId="8.[151,1436,1954,2023]" lastBlockId="10.[151,1437,151,465]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="516" pageId="8" pageNumber="514">
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFCBFFF775D1ADAFC762ABE7" bold="true" box="[151,271,1954,1980]" pageId="8" pageNumber="514">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
This species is characterized by male and female frons and face wide; postgena setae stout; cell dm rather truncate; veins M
<subScript id="17D834DFFFCBFFF7741DADD4C70EABBC" attach="left" box="[347,355,2009,2023]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="514">1</subScript>
, M
<subScript id="17D834DFFFCBFFF774CCADD4C7FFABBC" attach="left" box="[394,402,2009,2023]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="514">2</subScript>
and CuA+CuP somewhat evanescent distally.
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFCBFFF776DAADCBC58DABBB" bold="true" box="[924,992,1990,2016]" pageId="8" pageNumber="514">Male.</emphasis>
Tergite 8 (
<figureCitation id="13672A1FFFCBFFF7711FADCBC2B8ABBA" box="[1113,1237,1990,2017]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="10.[151,248,1278,1302]" captionTargetBox="[155,1431,490,1253]" captionTargetId="figure-133@10.[154,1434,489,1255]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 7. Macrostomus penai Rafael &amp; Cumming, 2006. Holotype ♂ (A–D). A. Tergite 8, dorsal view; B. Tergite and sternite 8, lateral view; C. Epandrium and cerci lobes, lateral view; D. Hypandrium and phallus, lateral view. Paratype ♀ (E–G). E. Female, apex of abdomen, lateral view; F. Female sternite 8, ventral view; G. Genital fork (all figures after Rafael &amp; Cumming (2009))." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4921367" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4921367/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="514">Figs 7A, B</figureCitation>
) somewhat short, sinuous distally; all cercal lobes elongate dorsally (
<figureCitation id="13672A1FFFC9FFF5778CAA9AC54CACEA" box="[714,801,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="10.[151,248,1278,1302]" captionTargetBox="[155,1431,490,1253]" captionTargetId="figure-133@10.[154,1434,489,1255]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 7. Macrostomus penai Rafael &amp; Cumming, 2006. Holotype ♂ (A–D). A. Tergite 8, dorsal view; B. Tergite and sternite 8, lateral view; C. Epandrium and cerci lobes, lateral view; D. Hypandrium and phallus, lateral view. Paratype ♀ (E–G). E. Female, apex of abdomen, lateral view; F. Female sternite 8, ventral view; G. Genital fork (all figures after Rafael &amp; Cumming (2009))." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4921367" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4921367/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="516">Fig. 7C</figureCitation>
); hypandrium (
<figureCitation id="13672A1FFFC9FFF5768CAA9AC24CACEA" box="[970,1057,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="10.[151,248,1278,1302]" captionTargetBox="[155,1431,490,1253]" captionTargetId="figure-133@10.[154,1434,489,1255]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 7. Macrostomus penai Rafael &amp; Cumming, 2006. Holotype ♂ (A–D). A. Tergite 8, dorsal view; B. Tergite and sternite 8, lateral view; C. Epandrium and cerci lobes, lateral view; D. Hypandrium and phallus, lateral view. Paratype ♀ (E–G). E. Female, apex of abdomen, lateral view; F. Female sternite 8, ventral view; G. Genital fork (all figures after Rafael &amp; Cumming (2009))." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4921367" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4921367/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="516">Fig. 7D</figureCitation>
) somewhat thin, without posterior setae; ejaculatory apodeme without dorsal lamella (
<figureCitation id="13672A1FFFC9FFF57791AAB6C55CAC8E" box="[727,817,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="10.[151,248,1278,1302]" captionTargetBox="[155,1431,490,1253]" captionTargetId="figure-133@10.[154,1434,489,1255]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 7. Macrostomus penai Rafael &amp; Cumming, 2006. Holotype ♂ (A–D). A. Tergite 8, dorsal view; B. Tergite and sternite 8, lateral view; C. Epandrium and cerci lobes, lateral view; D. Hypandrium and phallus, lateral view. Paratype ♀ (E–G). E. Female, apex of abdomen, lateral view; F. Female sternite 8, ventral view; G. Genital fork (all figures after Rafael &amp; Cumming (2009))." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4921367" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4921367/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="516">Fig. 7D</figureCitation>
); phallus same length of hypandrium.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF236612FFCAFFF675D1AC88C5EAABBA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4921365" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4921365" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4921365/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="515" startId="9.[151,250,1669,1693]" targetBox="[237,1346,182,1645]" targetPageId="9">
<paragraph id="8BE3369AFFCAFFF675D1AC88C5EAABBA" blockId="9.[151,1437,1669,2017]" pageId="9" pageNumber="515">
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFCAFFF675D1AC88C778AAC6" bold="true" box="[151,277,1669,1693]" pageId="9" pageNumber="515">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D19FFCAFFF6745BAC8BC4D6AAC6" authority="(Bezzi, 1909)" baseAuthorityName="Bezzi" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[285,699,1669,1693]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Macrostomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="515" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="limbipennis">
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFCAFFF6745BAC8BC449AAC6" box="[285,548,1669,1693]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="515">Macrostomus limbipennis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFCD4B6BFFCAFFF67772AC88C4D9AAC6" author="Bezzi, M." box="[564,692,1669,1693]" pageId="9" pageNumber="515" pagination="293 - 407" refId="ref16928" refString="Bezzi, M. (1909) Beitrage zur Kenntnis der sudamerikanischen Dipterenfauna auf Grund der Sammelergebnisse einer Reise in Chile, Peru und Bolivia, ausgefuhrt in den Jahren 1902 - 1904 von W. Schnuse. Nova Acta Academiae Caesareae Leopoldino-Carolinae Germanicae Naturae Curiosorum, 91, 293 - 407." type="journal article" year="1909">Bezzi, 1909</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. ♂
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFCAFFF677A7AC88C549AAC6" bold="true" box="[737,804,1669,1693]" pageId="9" pageNumber="515">(A–K)</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFCAFFF67674AC88C529AAC6" bold="true" box="[818,836,1669,1693]" pageId="9" pageNumber="515">A</emphasis>
. Habitus, lateral view;
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFCAFFF67171AC88C225AAC6" bold="true" box="[1079,1096,1669,1693]" pageId="9" pageNumber="515">B</emphasis>
. Apex of abdomen, lateral view;
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFCAFFF675D1ACA4C6C4AA9A" bold="true" box="[151,169,1705,1729]" pageId="9" pageNumber="515">C</emphasis>
. Tergite 8, dorsal view;
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFCAFFF674E7ACA4C7DEAA9A" bold="true" box="[417,435,1705,1729]" pageId="9" pageNumber="515">D</emphasis>
. Epandrium detached, lateral view;
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFCAFFF67665ACA4C559AA9A" bold="true" box="[803,820,1705,1729]" pageId="9" pageNumber="515">E</emphasis>
. Cerci lobes, epandrium detached, left lateral view;
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFCAFFF6700FACA4C335AA9A" bold="true" box="[1353,1368,1705,1729]" pageId="9" pageNumber="515">F</emphasis>
. Cerci lobes, epandrium detached, left lateral view;
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFCAFFF6771DACC0C402AABE" bold="true" box="[603,623,1741,1765]" pageId="9" pageNumber="515">G</emphasis>
. Anterior cercus, cercal bridge and subepandrial sclerite, anterior view;
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFCAFFF67004ACC0C33BAABE" bold="true" box="[1346,1366,1741,1765]" pageId="9" pageNumber="515">H</emphasis>
. Idem, posterior view;
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFCAFFF67470ACFCC72DAB52" bold="true" box="[310,320,1777,1801]" pageId="9" pageNumber="515">I</emphasis>
. Apex of ventral projection of cercus and subepandrial sclerite, anterior view;
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFCAFFF6711FACFCC20BAB52" bold="true" box="[1113,1126,1777,1801]" pageId="9" pageNumber="515">J</emphasis>
. Hypandrium, lateral view;
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFCAFFF670C4ACFCC3FBAB52" bold="true" box="[1410,1430,1777,1801]" pageId="9" pageNumber="515">K</emphasis>
. Hypandrium, posterior view. ♀
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFCAFFF67498AD18C44EAB76" bold="true" box="[478,547,1813,1837]" pageId="9" pageNumber="515">(L–M)</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFCAFFF67777AD18C42FAB76" bold="true" box="[561,578,1813,1837]" pageId="9" pageNumber="515">L</emphasis>
. Apex of abdomen, lateral view;
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFCAFFF676DDAD18C5DEAB76" bold="true" box="[923,947,1813,1837]" pageId="9" pageNumber="515">M</emphasis>
. Sternite 8 (inferior piece), genital fork, genital chamber and spermatheca, ventral view. Scale bars, figures A = 1 mm; B, L = 0.3 mm; C–K, M = 0.2 mm. Abbreviations:
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFCAFFF6702AAD34C3F8AB0A" bold="true" box="[1388,1429,1849,1873]" pageId="9" pageNumber="515">a ce</emphasis>
, anterior cercus;
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFCAFFF6747AAD50C703AB2E" bold="true" box="[316,366,1885,1909]" pageId="9" pageNumber="515">b scl</emphasis>
, bacilliform sclerite;
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFCAFFF6770DAD50C4E9AB2E" bold="true" box="[587,644,1885,1909]" pageId="9" pageNumber="515">c brd</emphasis>
, cercal bridge;
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFCAFFF67663AD50C5FDAB2E" bold="true" box="[805,912,1885,1909]" pageId="9" pageNumber="515">d hyprct l</emphasis>
, dorsal hypoproctal lobe;
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFCAFFF671DBAD50C289AB2E" bold="true" box="[1181,1252,1885,1909]" pageId="9" pageNumber="515">gen ch</emphasis>
, genital chamber;
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFCAFFF675D1AD8CC6B7ABC2" bold="true" box="[151,218,1921,1945]" pageId="9" pageNumber="515">gen fk</emphasis>
, genital fork;
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFCAFFF67421AD8CC7F3ABC2" bold="true" box="[359,414,1921,1945]" pageId="9" pageNumber="515">hypd</emphasis>
, hypandrium;
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFCAFFF67777AD8CC40FABC2" bold="true" box="[561,610,1921,1945]" pageId="9" pageNumber="515">m ce</emphasis>
, median cercus;
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFCAFFF6764AAD8CC52AABC2" bold="true" box="[780,839,1921,1945]" pageId="9" pageNumber="515">mpac</emphasis>
, mesial process of anterior cercus;
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFCAFFF671ECAD8CC2ABABC2" bold="true" box="[1194,1222,1921,1945]" pageId="9" pageNumber="515">ph</emphasis>
, phallus;
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFCAFFF6706EAD8CC33FABC2" bold="true" box="[1320,1362,1921,1945]" pageId="9" pageNumber="515">p ce</emphasis>
, posterior cercus;
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFCAFFF67456ADA8C7E1ABE6" bold="true" box="[272,396,1957,1981]" pageId="9" pageNumber="515">sbepand scl</emphasis>
, subepandrial sclerite;
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFCAFFF67730ADA8C4D7ABE6" bold="true" box="[630,698,1957,1981]" pageId="9" pageNumber="515">spmth</emphasis>
, spermatheca;
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFCAFFF67614ADA8C509ABE6" bold="true" box="[850,868,1957,1981]" pageId="9" pageNumber="515">st</emphasis>
, sternite;
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFCAFFF6768EADA8C5BDABE6" bold="true" box="[968,976,1957,1981]" pageId="9" pageNumber="515">t</emphasis>
, tergite;
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFCAFFF6716CADA8C2FFABE6" bold="true" box="[1066,1170,1957,1981]" pageId="9" pageNumber="515">v hyprct l</emphasis>
, ventral hypoproctal lobe;
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFCAFFF675D1ADC4C6D0ABBA" bold="true" box="[151,189,1993,2017]" pageId="9" pageNumber="515">vpc</emphasis>
, ventral process of cerci. Scale bars, figure A = 1 mm; B–L = 0.2 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BE3369AFFC9FFF57581AAD2C40CAD1A" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,465]" pageId="10" pageNumber="516">
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFC9FFF57581AAD2C748ACA2" bold="true" box="[199,293,223,249]" pageId="10" pageNumber="516">Female.</emphasis>
Tergite 8 and sternite 8 (
<figureCitation id="13672A1FFFC9FFF57778AAD2C4D8ACA2" box="[574,693,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="10.[151,248,1278,1302]" captionTargetBox="[155,1431,490,1253]" captionTargetId="figure-133@10.[154,1434,489,1255]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 7. Macrostomus penai Rafael &amp; Cumming, 2006. Holotype ♂ (A–D). A. Tergite 8, dorsal view; B. Tergite and sternite 8, lateral view; C. Epandrium and cerci lobes, lateral view; D. Hypandrium and phallus, lateral view. Paratype ♀ (E–G). E. Female, apex of abdomen, lateral view; F. Female sternite 8, ventral view; G. Genital fork (all figures after Rafael &amp; Cumming (2009))." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4921367" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4921367/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="516">Figs 7E, F</figureCitation>
) very elongate; sternite 8 with a lateral lobe near base and a small internal protuberance with apex thin and elongate at distal third; genital fork (
<figureCitation id="13672A1FFFC9FFF57141AB0EC20DAD46" box="[1031,1120,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="10.[151,248,1278,1302]" captionTargetBox="[155,1431,490,1253]" captionTargetId="figure-133@10.[154,1434,489,1255]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 7. Macrostomus penai Rafael &amp; Cumming, 2006. Holotype ♂ (A–D). A. Tergite 8, dorsal view; B. Tergite and sternite 8, lateral view; C. Epandrium and cerci lobes, lateral view; D. Hypandrium and phallus, lateral view. Paratype ♀ (E–G). E. Female, apex of abdomen, lateral view; F. Female sternite 8, ventral view; G. Genital fork (all figures after Rafael &amp; Cumming (2009))." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4921367" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4921367/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="516">Fig. 7G</figureCitation>
) small, with small cleft distally, with genital chamber membranous.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE3369AFFC9FFF57581AB47C410AD3E" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,465]" box="[199,637,330,357]" pageId="10" pageNumber="516">
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFC9FFF57581AB47C7BCAD3E" bold="true" box="[199,465,330,357]" pageId="10" pageNumber="516">Geographical records.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F34B760AFFC9FFF5749EAB46C45AAD3E" box="[472,567,331,357]" name="Ecuador" pageId="10" pageNumber="516">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F34B760AFFC9FFF57704AB46C414AD3E" box="[578,633,331,357]" name="Peru" pageId="10" pageNumber="516">Peru</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3466511FFC9FFF57581AB63C51FADD1" box="[199,882,366,394]" pageId="10" pageNumber="516" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BE3369AFFC9FFF57581AB63C51FADD1" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,465]" box="[199,882,366,394]" pageId="10" pageNumber="516">
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFC9FFF57581AB63C7DCADD3" bold="true" box="[199,433,366,392]" pageId="10" pageNumber="516">Material examined.</emphasis>
As listed in
<bibRefCitation id="EFCD4B6BFFC9FFF5777AAB62C503ADD1" author="Rafael, J. A. &amp; Cumming, J. M." box="[572,878,367,394]" pageId="10" pageNumber="516" pagination="49 - 64" refId="ref17230" refString="Rafael, J. A. &amp; Cumming, J. M. (2006) New species of Macrostomus Wiedemann (Diptera, Empididae) from Colombia, Ecuador and Peru. Zootaxa, 1136 (1), 49 - 64. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1136.1.3" type="journal article" year="2006">Rafael &amp; Cumming (2006)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3466511FFC9FFF57581AB9EC51CAD8A" pageId="10" pageNumber="516" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BE3369AFFC9FFF57581AB9EC51CAD8A" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,465]" pageId="10" pageNumber="516">
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFC9FFF57581AB9EC756ADF6" bold="true" box="[199,315,403,429]" pageId="10" pageNumber="516">Remarks.</emphasis>
This species was originally described based on the male
<typeStatus id="54E78838FFC9FFF576F2AB9EC27EADF6" box="[948,1043,403,429]" pageId="10" pageNumber="516" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
from
<collectingCountry id="F34B760AFFC9FFF5711EAB9EC2E0ADF6" box="[1112,1165,403,429]" name="Peru" pageId="10" pageNumber="516">Peru</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="4998F878FFC9FFF571DEAB9EC28DADF6" box="[1176,1248,403,429]" country="Peru" name="Cusco" pageId="10" pageNumber="516">Cuzco</collectingRegion>
, Quincemil, plus lots of female specimens from the same locality and from
<collectingCountry id="F34B760AFFC9FFF57656ABBAC500AD8A" box="[784,877,439,465]" name="Ecuador" pageId="10" pageNumber="516">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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