319 lines
37 KiB
XML
319 lines
37 KiB
XML
<document id="EA47335AFC44DF3E8C3CE19BA58427B1" ID-CLB-Dataset="5899" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4981.3.5" ID-GBIF-Dataset="fce50f60-b834-424f-9a19-cf4601ffd2a3" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4921345" ID-ZooBank="3F94E1C8-2F49-4B85-86E3-48341F17A358" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1623281889193" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Rafael, José Albertino & Marques, Dayse Willkenia A." docDate="2021" docId="03F5878CFFC2FFFD75D1A96AC49AA8EA" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4981.3.5.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4981 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Macrostomus apicalis" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="508" masterDocId="FFCCFFF4FFC3FFFF7546AA0DC66DAC5B" masterDocTitle="Four new species of Macrostomus Wiedemann and a checklist of Empididae s. str (Diptera) from Peru" masterLastPageNumber="530" masterPageNumber="506" pageNumber="507" updateTime="1699009141239" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="A423F2F5C4C0565957C7419887CA792A">
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<mods:title id="116F650D77762CBB212AD49EB6B926F6">Four new species of Macrostomus Wiedemann and a checklist of Empididae s. str (Diptera) from Peru</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="74F7465247969B1CD278A1BDAB4534BA" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="28EF018D86252FD328ED2FDF5D48DF3D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="76446DD17AE7C52005C6F44E417B5777">Rafael, José Albertino</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F9D823C3FAD7C7A465F513564528FE9D">Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Coordenação de Biodiversidade, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. jarafael @ inpa. gov. br; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 0170 - 0514</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="D0BE55A717FF1A81442B0FCA5E398CD6" type="email">jarafael@inpa.gov.br</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="E40ECD7599A7417611C8165A73C08CA9">Marques, Dayse Willkenia A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="B46B5044A4512B92BD5B74238F301886" type="ORCID">0000-0001-7260-5760</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="0D3306B15E63CBF54F8DEBF20A621E34">Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Entomologia, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. willkenia @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7260 - 5760</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="DB3B583FDD5D5A0079B0FC04754E2E1E" type="email">willkenia@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="3155BDE3B6248DE5BE01B88508D10597">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="D92289ADC2190E4AEBB6E3A85FCAC8DE">
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<mods:date id="D2B12E4FD56BBD32BF67F7A96A160B9E">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="26D3E8D84CB4035FE91C821B64A261A9">2021-06-08</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="BE875F1EC7C48C6BE1D0576097D2F0F1">4981</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03F5878CFFC2FFFD75D1A96AC49AA8EA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5047245" ID-GBIF-Taxon="183228127" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5047245" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F5878CFFC2FFFD75D1A96AC49AA8EA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F5878CFFC2FFFD75D1A96AC49AA8EA" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="508" pageId="1" pageNumber="507">
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<subSubSection id="C3466511FFC2FFFE75D1A96AC793AFDB" box="[151,510,870,897]" pageId="1" pageNumber="507" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BE3369AFFC2FFFE75D1A96AC793AFDB" blockId="1.[151,510,870,933]" box="[151,510,870,897]" pageId="1" pageNumber="507">
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<heading id="D0AB81F6FFC2FFFE75D1A96AC793AFDB" bold="true" box="[151,510,870,897]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="507" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D19FFC2FFFE75D1A96AC793AFDB" ID-CoL="6QRV2" authority="(Bezzi)" baseAuthorityName="Bezzi" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[151,510,870,897]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Macrostomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="507" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apicalis">
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<emphasis id="B928EA88FFC2FFFE75D1A96AC793AFDB" bold="true" box="[151,510,870,897]" pageId="1" pageNumber="507">
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<emphasis id="B928EA88FFC2FFFE75D1A96AC7CDAFDA" bold="true" box="[151,416,870,897]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="507">Macrostomus apicalis</emphasis>
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(Bezzi)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3466511FFC2FFFE75D1A986C749AFFE" box="[151,292,907,933]" pageId="1" pageNumber="507" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BE3369AFFC2FFFE75D1A986C749AFFE" blockId="1.[151,510,870,933]" box="[151,292,907,933]" pageId="1" pageNumber="507">
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(
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<figureCitation id="13672A1FFFC2FFFE75D9A986C771AFFE" box="[159,284,907,933]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1069,1093]" captionTargetBox="[170,1428,571,1045]" captionTargetId="figure-191@2.[159,1428,560,1045]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Macrostomus apicalis (Bezzi, 1909), holotype ♀. A. Habitus, lateral view (old photo obtained 30 years ago); B. Hind left leg, lateral view; C. Right wing. Scale bars, figures A–C = 1 mm.Abbreviations: CuA—anterior branch of cubital vein" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4921349" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4921349/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="507">Figs 1A–C</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3466511FFC2FFFE75D1A9C2C355A87E" pageId="1" pageNumber="507" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BE3369AFFC2FFFE75D1A9C2C2EAAFBC" blockId="1.[151,1336,975,1061]" box="[151,1159,975,1000]" pageId="1" pageNumber="507">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4C11B4FFC2FFFE75D1A9C2C2EAAFBC" box="[151,1159,975,1000]" pageId="1" pageNumber="507">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AFD108BFFC2FFFE75D1A9C2C45BAFBC" author="Bezzi, M." box="[151,566,975,999]" page="330" pageId="1" pageNumber="507" year="1909">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D19FFC2FFFE75D1A9C2C45BAFBC" authority="Bezzi, 1909: 330" authorityName="Bezzi" authorityPageNumber="330" authorityYear="1909" box="[151,566,975,999]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Rhamphomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="507" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apicalis">
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<emphasis id="B928EA88FFC2FFFE75D1A9C2C7EDAFBC" box="[151,384,975,999]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="507">Rhamphomyia apicalis</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="3B343CC7FFC2FFFE74C0A9C2C45BAFBC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3312253307" box="[390,566,975,999]" country="Peru" location="Puerto de Yesup" municipality="Pichis River" pageId="1" pageNumber="507" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Pasco">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCD4B6BFFC2FFFE74C0A9C2C45BAFBC" author="Bezzi, M." box="[390,566,975,999]" pageId="1" pageNumber="507" pagination="293 - 407" refId="ref16928" refString="Bezzi, M. (1909) Beitrage zur Kenntnis der sudamerikanischen Dipterenfauna auf Grund der Sammelergebnisse einer Reise in Chile, Peru und Bolivia, ausgefuhrt in den Jahren 1902 - 1904 von W. Schnuse. Nova Acta Academiae Caesareae Leopoldino-Carolinae Germanicae Naturae Curiosorum, 91, 293 - 407." type="journal article" year="1909">Bezzi, 1909: 330</bibRefCitation>
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</materialsCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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<typeStatus id="54E78838FFC2FFFE7779A9DDC41CAFB3" box="[575,625,976,1000]" pageId="1" pageNumber="507">Type</typeStatus>
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locality:
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<collectingCountry id="F34B760AFFC2FFFE7797A9DDC56FAFBC" box="[721,770,976,999]" name="Peru" pageId="1" pageNumber="507">Peru</collectingCountry>
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,
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<collectingRegion id="4998F878FFC2FFFE764AA9DDC527AFBC" box="[780,842,976,999]" country="Peru" name="Pasco" pageId="1" pageNumber="507">Pasco</collectingRegion>
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,
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||
<collectingMunicipality id="6B87ACE0FFC2FFFE7612A9C2C5BFAFBC" box="[852,978,975,999]" pageId="1" pageNumber="507">Pichis River</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<location id="8E836041FFC2FFFE769AA9DDC2E9AFBC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F5878CFFC2FFFD75D1A96AC49AA8EA:8E836041FFC2FFFE769AA9DDC2E9AFBC" box="[988,1156,975,999]" country="Peru" municipality="Pichis River" name="Puerto de Yesup" pageId="1" pageNumber="507" stateProvince="Pasco">Puerto de Yesup</location>
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||
.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE3369AFFC2FFFE75D1A9E2C48DA85D" blockId="1.[151,1336,975,1061]" box="[151,736,1006,1030]" pageId="1" pageNumber="507">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4C11B4FFC2FFFE75D1A9E2C48DA85D" box="[151,736,1006,1030]" pageId="1" pageNumber="507">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AFD108BFFC2FFFE75D1A9E2C78AA85D" author="Melander, A. L." box="[151,487,1006,1030]" page="186" pageId="1" pageNumber="507" year="1928">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D19FFC2FFFE75D1A9E2C78AA85D" authority=": Melander, 1928: 186" authorityName="Melander" authorityPageNumber="186" authorityYear="1928" box="[151,487,1006,1030]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Rhamphomyia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="507" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apicalis">
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<emphasis id="B928EA88FFC2FFFE75D1A9E2C76EA85D" box="[151,259,1006,1030]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="507">R. apicalis</emphasis>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCD4B6BFFC2FFFE7457A9E3C78AA85D" author="Melander, A. L." box="[273,487,1006,1030]" pageId="1" pageNumber="507" pagination="1 - 434" refId="ref17013" refString="Melander, A. L. (1928) Diptera, Family Empididae. In: Wytsman, P. (Ed.), Genera Insectorum. Fasc. 185. Louis Desmet-Verteneuil, Bruxelles, pp. 1 - 434. [1927]" type="journal article" year="1928">Melander, 1928: 186</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0AFD108BFFC2FFFE74B7A9E3C4CFA85D" author="Collin, J. E." box="[497,674,1006,1030]" page="211" pageId="1" pageNumber="507" year="1933">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCD4B6BFFC2FFFE74B7A9E3C4CFA85D" author="Collin, J. E." box="[497,674,1006,1030]" pageId="1" pageNumber="507" refId="ref16981" refString="Collin, J. E. (1933) Diptera of Patagonia and South Chile. Part IV Empididae. British Museum (Natural History), London, 334 pp." type="book" year="1933">Collin, 1933: 211</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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(cit.).
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BE3369AFFC2FFFE75D1AE00C355A87E" blockId="1.[151,1336,975,1061]" box="[151,1336,1036,1061]" pageId="1" pageNumber="507">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB4C11B4FFC2FFFE75D1AE00C355A87E" box="[151,1336,1036,1061]" pageId="1" pageNumber="507">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AFD108BFFC2FFFE75D1AE00C444A87F" author="Smith, K. G. V." box="[151,553,1036,1060]" page="53" pageId="1" pageNumber="507" year="1961">
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<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D19FFC2FFFE75D1AE00C444A87F" ID-CoL="6QRV2" authority=": Smith, 1961: 53" authorityName=": Smith" authorityPageNumber="53" authorityYear="1961" box="[151,553,1036,1060]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Macrostomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="507" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apicalis">
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||
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFC2FFFE75D1AE00C71BA87F" box="[151,374,1036,1060]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="507">Macrostomus apicalis</emphasis>
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||
:
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCD4B6BFFC2FFFE74C2AE01C444A87F" author="Smith, K. G. V." box="[388,553,1036,1060]" pageId="1" pageNumber="507" pagination="53 - 56" refId="ref17585" refString="Smith, K. G. V. (1961) On the genus Macrostomus Wiedemann (Diptera: Empididae) with notes on the included species and new synonymy. Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London, Series B, 30, 53 - 56. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 3113.1961. tb 00162. x" type="journal article" year="1961">Smith, 1961: 53</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0AFD108BFFC2FFFE7772AE01C4E0A87E" author="Smith, K. G. V." box="[564,653,1036,1061]" page="29" pageId="1" pageNumber="507" year="1967">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFCD4B6BFFC2FFFE7772AE01C4E0A87E" author="Smith, K. G. V." box="[564,653,1036,1061]" pageId="1" pageNumber="507" pagination="1 - 67" refId="ref17653" refString="Smith, K. G. V. (1967) Family Empididae. In: Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo (Ed.), A Catalogue of Diptera of Americas South of the United States, Sao Paulo, 39, 1 - 67." type="journal article" year="1967">1967: 29</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
(cat.);
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0AFD108BFFC2FFFE7790AE01C27EA87F" author="Rafael, J. A. & Cumming, J. M." box="[726,1043,1036,1061]" page="446" pageId="1" pageNumber="507" year="2004">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCD4B6BFFC2FFFE7790AE01C27EA87F" author="Rafael, J. A. & Cumming, J. M." box="[726,1043,1036,1061]" pageId="1" pageNumber="507" pagination="439 - 448" refId="ref17171" refString="Rafael, J. A. & Cumming, J. M. (2004) The Neotropical genera Macrostomus Wiedemann and Porphyrochroa Melander (Diptera, Empididae, Empidinae). Revista Brasileira de Zoologia, 21 (3), 439 - 448. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / S 0101 - 81752004000300004" type="journal article" year="2004">Rafael & Cumming, 2004: 446</bibRefCitation>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AFD108BFFC2FFFE715BAE00C29AA87F" author="Yang, D. & Zhang, K. & Yao, G. & Zhang, J." box="[1053,1271,1036,1061]" page="145" pageId="1" pageNumber="507" year="2007">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCD4B6BFFC2FFFE715BAE00C29AA87F" author="Yang, D. & Zhang, K. & Yao, G. & Zhang, J." box="[1053,1271,1036,1061]" pageId="1" pageNumber="507" refId="ref17703" refString="Yang, D., Zhang, K., Yao, G. & Zhang, J. (2007) World Catalog of Empididae (Insecta: Diptera). China Agricultural University Press, Beijing, 599 pp." type="book" year="2007">
|
||
Yang
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFC2FFFE7111AE00C2E9A87F" box="[1111,1156,1036,1060]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="507">et al</emphasis>
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||
. 2007: 145
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||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
(cat.).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3466511FFC2FFFE75D1AE5FC7ABA8EE" pageId="1" pageNumber="507" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE3369AFFC2FFFE75D1AE5FC7ABA8EE" blockId="1.[151,1437,1106,2033]" pageId="1" pageNumber="507">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFC2FFFE75D1AE5FC71BA836" bold="true" box="[151,374,1106,1133]" pageId="1" pageNumber="507">Diagnosis. Female.</emphasis>
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Postpedicel short setulose; thorax shiny black; legs predominantly yellow; hind tibia with four longer dorsal setae; wing with apex slightly brown infuscate; anal lobe slightly narrower than cell cua; abdomen shiny black, gold pruinose.
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3466511FFC2FFFE7581AEB3C565ABF2" pageId="1" pageNumber="507" type="description">
|
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<paragraph id="8BE3369AFFC2FFFE7581AEB3C378AB39" blockId="1.[151,1437,1106,2033]" pageId="1" pageNumber="507">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFC2FFFE7581AEB3C718A883" bold="true" box="[199,373,1214,1240]" pageId="1" pageNumber="507">Redescription.</emphasis>
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||
<typeStatus id="54E78838FFC2FFFE7438AEB2C78BA882" box="[382,486,1215,1241]" pageId="1" pageNumber="507" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D5AFD13FFC2FFFE74B6AEB2C468A882" box="[496,517,1215,1241]" pageId="1" pageNumber="507" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13672A1FFFC2FFFE7751AEB2C41DA882" box="[535,624,1215,1241]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1069,1093]" captionTargetBox="[170,1428,571,1045]" captionTargetId="figure-191@2.[159,1428,560,1045]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Macrostomus apicalis (Bezzi, 1909), holotype ♀. A. Habitus, lateral view (old photo obtained 30 years ago); B. Hind left leg, lateral view; C. Right wing. Scale bars, figures A–C = 1 mm.Abbreviations: CuA—anterior branch of cubital vein" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4921349" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4921349/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="507">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
|
||
) (originally described as male). Body length
|
||
<quantity id="4CA49B7FFFC2FFFE7139AEB2C2B7A882" box="[1151,1242,1215,1241]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="1" pageNumber="507" unit="mm" value="2.7">2.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
; wing length
|
||
<quantity id="4CA49B7FFFC2FFFE703FAEB2C6ABA8A6" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="1" pageNumber="507" unit="mm" value="2.8">2.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Head narrowly dichoptic. Inferior facets slightly larger than superior ones. Frons shiny brown slightly wider than anterior ocellus width, narrowing ventrally. One pair of proclinate ocellar setae. Face gray pruinose, slightly narrower than frons, narrower medially, slightly higher than frons. Postcranium shiny brown to black, slightly gray pruinose, except on postocular margin. Inner vertical seta stouter than outer vertical seta, latter subequal in length to uniseriate postocular row of setae; occipital setae slightly shorter than postoculars and restricted to dorsal half. Antenna with pedicel yellow to brown, postpedicel velvety dark brown to black, short setulose. Proboscis yellow, as long as head height. Thorax shiny black; pruinosity, depending on angle of light incidence, slightly more distinct on disc of scutum, scutellum and mediotergite. Thoracic chaetotaxy: setae somewhat damaged, 2–3 antepronotals weak; 1 postpronotal; dorsocentrals damaged (probably four); 1 presutural supra-alar; 0 postsutural supra-alar; 1 postalar; 1–2 proepisternals; 1 notopleural; scutellars damaged (probably two pairs); 2–3 laterotergitals. Legs (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13672A1FFFC2FFFE7029AC2AC6D4AA3E" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1069,1093]" captionTargetBox="[170,1428,571,1045]" captionTargetId="figure-191@2.[159,1428,560,1045]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Macrostomus apicalis (Bezzi, 1909), holotype ♀. A. Habitus, lateral view (old photo obtained 30 years ago); B. Hind left leg, lateral view; C. Right wing. Scale bars, figures A–C = 1 mm.Abbreviations: CuA—anterior branch of cubital vein" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4921349" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4921349/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="507">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
|
||
) mainly yellow except apex of fore tibia, fore tarsomere 5, apex of mid tibia, distal mid tarsomeres, apex of hind femur, distal half of hind tibia and almost entire hind tarsus dark brown to black. Legs longer setae: mid tibia with 1 anteroventral and 1 posteroventral stouter; hind leg (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13672A1FFFC2FFFE77A4AC9EC555AAF6" box="[738,824,1683,1709]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1069,1093]" captionTargetBox="[170,1428,571,1045]" captionTargetId="figure-191@2.[159,1428,560,1045]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Macrostomus apicalis (Bezzi, 1909), holotype ♀. A. Habitus, lateral view (old photo obtained 30 years ago); B. Hind left leg, lateral view; C. Right wing. Scale bars, figures A–C = 1 mm.Abbreviations: CuA—anterior branch of cubital vein" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4921349" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4921349/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="507">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
|
||
): hind femur with 1 anterior sub-basal, 1 anteroventral on distal third, both short but distinct; hind tibia with 4 longer dorsal setae with 1 at basal third and 3 on distal half; hind tarsomere 1 with 1 median dorsal seta. Wing (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13672A1FFFC2FFFE779CACD6C55DAAAE" box="[730,816,1755,1781]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1069,1093]" captionTargetBox="[170,1428,571,1045]" captionTargetId="figure-191@2.[159,1428,560,1045]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Macrostomus apicalis (Bezzi, 1909), holotype ♀. A. Habitus, lateral view (old photo obtained 30 years ago); B. Hind left leg, lateral view; C. Right wing. Scale bars, figures A–C = 1 mm.Abbreviations: CuA—anterior branch of cubital vein" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4921349" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4921349/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="507">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
|
||
) hyaline with apical margin slightly brown infuscated; pterostigma darker; anal lobe narrow; veins M
|
||
<subScript id="17D834DFFFC2FFFE77DDAD1CC4CEAB44" attach="left" box="[667,675,1809,1823]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="507">1</subScript>
|
||
, M
|
||
<subScript id="17D834DFFFC2FFFE778FAD1CC4BCAB44" attach="left" box="[713,721,1809,1823]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="507">2</subScript>
|
||
and CuA+CuP evanescent; distal section of vein M
|
||
<subScript id="17D834DFFFC2FFFE7056AD1CC375AB44" attach="left" box="[1296,1304,1809,1823]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="507">4</subScript>
|
||
longer than vein dm-m; cell dm somewhat truncate. Halter yellow. Abdomen brown to black, gold pruinose, with longer setae laterally. Sternites concolorous with tergites. Tergite and sternite 8 unmodified; cercus short (broken?).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE3369AFFC2FFFE7581AD66C595ABDE" blockId="1.[151,1437,1106,2033]" box="[199,1016,1899,1925]" pageId="1" pageNumber="507">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFC2FFFE7581AD66C767ABDE" bold="true" box="[199,266,1899,1925]" pageId="1" pageNumber="507">Male.</emphasis>
|
||
Unknown. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E78838FFC2FFFE74FCAD66C474ABDE" box="[442,537,1899,1925]" pageId="1" pageNumber="507" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
specimen was originally described as male.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE3369AFFC2FFFE7581AD83C565ABF2" blockId="1.[151,1437,1106,2033]" box="[199,776,1934,1961]" pageId="1" pageNumber="507">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFC2FFFE7581AD83C7A7ABF2" bold="true" box="[199,458,1934,1961]" pageId="1" pageNumber="507">Geographical records.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34B760AFFC2FFFE7496AD82C47BABF2" box="[464,534,1935,1961]" name="Peru" pageId="1" pageNumber="507">PERU</collectingCountry>
|
||
[
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4998F878FFC2FFFE7762AD83C406ABF2" box="[548,619,1934,1961]" country="Peru" name="Pasco" pageId="1" pageNumber="507">Pasco</collectingRegion>
|
||
], Pichis River.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3466511FFC2FFFD7581ADBEC2D4AC8F" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="508" pageId="1" pageNumber="507" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE3369AFFC2FFFE7581ADBEC738ABAA" blockId="1.[151,1437,1106,2033]" pageId="1" pageNumber="507">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFC2FFFE7581ADBEC78AAB97" bold="true" box="[199,487,1970,1997]" pageId="1" pageNumber="507">Type material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B343CC7FFC2FFFE74ABADBFC738ABAA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3312253308" collectingDate="1903-12" collectionCode="SNSD" country="Peru" county="Pichis" elevation="300" location="Yessup" municipality="Puerto" pageId="1" pageNumber="507" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Pasco" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFC2FFFE74ABADBFC4E4AB97" bold="true" box="[493,649,1970,1996]" pageId="1" pageNumber="507">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E78838FFC2FFFE74ABADBFC4E4AB97" box="[493,649,1970,1996]" pageId="1" pageNumber="507" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D5AFD13FFC2FFFE77C9ADBEC4C8AB96" box="[655,677,1971,1997]" pageId="1" pageNumber="507" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
. “
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34B760AFFC2FFFE77FCADBEC56EAB96" box="[698,771,1971,1997]" name="Peru" pageId="1" pageNumber="507">PERU</collectingCountry>
|
||
[
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4998F878FFC2FFFE7649ADBFC53BAB96" box="[783,854,1970,1997]" country="Peru" name="Pasco" pageId="1" pageNumber="507">Pasco</collectingRegion>
|
||
],
|
||
<collectingCounty id="62824E16FFC2FFFE7621ADBEC5C4AB96" box="[871,937,1971,1997]" pageId="1" pageNumber="507">Pichis</collectingCounty>
|
||
[river],
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6B87ACE0FFC2FFFE7144ADBEC224AB96" box="[1026,1097,1971,1997]" pageId="1" pageNumber="507">Puerto</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
[de]
|
||
<location id="8E836041FFC2FFFE71C6ADBEC2A3AB96" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F5878CFFC2FFFD75D1A96AC49AA8EA:8E836041FFC2FFFE71C6ADBEC2A3AB96" box="[1152,1230,1971,1997]" country="Peru" county="Pichis" municipality="Puerto" name="Yessup" pageId="1" pageNumber="507" stateProvince="Pasco">Yessup</location>
|
||
[
|
||
<location id="8E836041FFC2FFFE719CADBFC348AB96" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F5878CFFC2FFFD75D1A96AC49AA8EA:8E836041FFC2FFFE719CADBFC348AB96" box="[1242,1317,1970,1997]" country="Peru" county="Pichis" municipality="Puerto" name="Yesup" pageId="1" pageNumber="507" stateProvince="Pasco">Yesup</location>
|
||
],
|
||
<date id="FFE2105AFFC2FFFE7070ADBEC3FFAB96" box="[1334,1426,1971,1997]" pageId="1" pageNumber="507" value="1903-12">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFA6E9B2FFC2FFFE7070ADBEC3FFAB96" box="[1334,1426,1971,1997]" pageId="1" pageNumber="507" value="1903-12">xii.1903</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
” [
|
||
<quantity id="4CA49B7FFFC2FFFE75D8ADDAC685ABAA" box="[158,232,2006,2033]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="507" unit="m" value="300.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0071D1A9FFC2FFFE75D8ADDAC685ABAA" box="[158,232,2006,2033]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="507" unit="m" value="300.0">300 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
] (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED4DAE5FFFC2FFFE75BBADDAC724ABAA" box="[253,329,2007,2033]" pageId="1" pageNumber="507">SNSD</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE3369AFFC1FFFD7581AA9BC2D4AC8F" blockId="2.[151,1437,150,536]" pageId="2" pageNumber="508">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B343CC7FFC1FFFD7581AA9BC2D4AC8F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3312253309" country="Canada" location="Left" municipality="Terminalia" pageId="2" pageNumber="508" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFC1FFFD7581AA9BC7DDACEB" bold="true" box="[199,432,150,176]" pageId="2" pageNumber="508">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E78838FFC1FFFD7581AA9BC75FACEB" box="[199,306,150,176]" pageId="2" pageNumber="508" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
condition.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<location id="8E836041FFC1FFFD74FFAA9BC78AACEB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F5878CFFC2FFFD75D1A96AC49AA8EA:8E836041FFC1FFFD74FFAA9BC78AACEB" box="[441,487,150,176]" country="Canada" municipality="Terminalia" name="Left" pageId="2" pageNumber="508">Left</location>
|
||
antenna and left wing lost; right wing mounted on microslide with
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34B760AFFC1FFFD71ADAA9BC350ACEB" box="[1259,1341,150,176]" name="Canada" pageId="2" pageNumber="508">Canada</collectingCountry>
|
||
balsam; thorax somewhat damaged by pin; abdomen in microvial with glycerin.
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6B87ACE0FFC1FFFD76EEAAB7C273AC8F" box="[936,1054,186,212]" pageId="2" pageNumber="508">Terminalia</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
not dissected.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3466511FFC1FFFD7581AAD3C49AA8EA" pageId="2" pageNumber="508" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE3369AFFC1FFFD7581AAD3C69DAE43" blockId="2.[151,1437,150,536]" pageId="2" pageNumber="508">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFC1FFFD7581AAD3C754ACA3" bold="true" box="[199,313,222,248]" pageId="2" pageNumber="508">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D19FFC1FFFD7479AAD2C45BACA3" authorityName=": Smith" authorityYear="1961" box="[319,566,222,248]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Macrostomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="508" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apicalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFC1FFFD7479AAD2C45BACA3" box="[319,566,222,248]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="508">Macrostomus apicalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was described from a single female specimen from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F34B760AFFC1FFFD713AAAD2C2DFACA2" box="[1148,1202,223,249]" name="Peru" pageId="2" pageNumber="508">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Pichis River, Puerto de Yesup (SNSD, examined by JAR about 30 years ago). Since then, no additional conspecific specimens have been found in collections, so the redescription of this species is included here, with the original unpublished photos of the type specimen.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D19FFC1FFFD74D4AB46C4EEAD3F" authorityName=": Smith" authorityYear="1961" box="[402,643,330,356]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Macrostomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="508" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apicalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFC1FFFD74D4AB46C4EEAD3F" box="[402,643,330,356]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="508">Macrostomus apicalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is the last species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D19FFC1FFFD7629AB46C26EAD3F" authorityName="Wiedemann" authorityYear="1817" box="[879,1027,331,356]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Macrostomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="508" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFC1FFFD7629AB46C26EAD3F" box="[879,1027,331,356]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="508">Macrostomus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCD4B6BFFC1FFFD71D8AB47C34BAD3E" author="Bezzi, M." box="[1182,1318,330,357]" pageId="2" pageNumber="508" pagination="424 - 460" refId="ref16902" refString="Bezzi, M. (1905) Empididae neotropicae Musei Nationalis Hungarici. Annales Musei Nationalis Hungarici, Budapest, 3, 424 - 460." type="journal article" year="1905">Bezzi (1905</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCD4B6BFFC1FFFD7074AB47C307AD3F" author="Bezzi, M." box="[1330,1386,330,356]" pageId="2" pageNumber="508" pagination="293 - 407" refId="ref16928" refString="Bezzi, M. (1909) Beitrage zur Kenntnis der sudamerikanischen Dipterenfauna auf Grund der Sammelergebnisse einer Reise in Chile, Peru und Bolivia, ausgefuhrt in den Jahren 1902 - 1904 von W. Schnuse. Nova Acta Academiae Caesareae Leopoldino-Carolinae Germanicae Naturae Curiosorum, 91, 293 - 407." type="journal article" year="1909">1909</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) not yet redescribed. Unfortunately, it is in poor condition and the genitalia was not studied and the association with male specimens from the type locality is necessary to facilitate the recognition of this species. The type specimen is externally remarkably similar with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D19FFC1FFFD7740ABBAC4AAAD8B" authorityName="Rafael & Cumming" authorityYear="2009" box="[518,711,438,464]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Macrostomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="508" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melanothorax">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFC1FFFD7740ABBAC4AAAD8B" box="[518,711,438,464]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="508">M. melanothorax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see below) and it will be necessary to study the female genitalia of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54E78838FFC1FFFD759BABD7C752ADAF" box="[221,319,474,500]" pageId="2" pageNumber="508" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D19FFC1FFFD7424ABD6C78DADAF" authorityName=": Smith" authorityYear="1961" box="[354,480,474,500]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Macrostomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="508" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apicalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFC1FFFD7424ABD6C78DADAF" box="[354,480,474,500]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="508">M. apicalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(unfortunately not drawn 30 years ago) to confirm a possible synonymy between both species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF236612FFC1FFFD75D1AE20C3F0A832" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4921349" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4921349" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4921349/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="508" startId="2.[151,250,1069,1093]" targetBox="[170,1428,571,1045]" targetPageId="2">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE3369AFFC1FFFD75D1AE20C3F1A81E" blockId="2.[151,1437,1069,1207]" box="[151,1436,1069,1094]" pageId="2" pageNumber="508">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFC1FFFD75D1AE20C779A81E" bold="true" box="[151,276,1069,1093]" pageId="2" pageNumber="508">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5C4D19FFC1FFFD745AAE23C4FCA81E" authority="(Bezzi, 1909)" baseAuthorityName="Bezzi" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[284,657,1069,1093]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Macrostomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="508" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apicalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFC1FFFD745AAE23C791A81E" box="[284,508,1069,1093]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="508">Macrostomus apicalis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFCD4B6BFFC1FFFD774AAE20C4E7A81E" author="Bezzi, M." box="[524,650,1069,1093]" pageId="2" pageNumber="508" pagination="293 - 407" refId="ref16928" refString="Bezzi, M. (1909) Beitrage zur Kenntnis der sudamerikanischen Dipterenfauna auf Grund der Sammelergebnisse einer Reise in Chile, Peru und Bolivia, ausgefuhrt in den Jahren 1902 - 1904 von W. Schnuse. Nova Acta Academiae Caesareae Leopoldino-Carolinae Germanicae Naturae Curiosorum, 91, 293 - 407." type="journal article" year="1909">Bezzi, 1909</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, holotype ♀.
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFC1FFFD7658AE20C55DA81E" bold="true" box="[798,816,1069,1093]" pageId="2" pageNumber="508">A</emphasis>
|
||
. Habitus, lateral view (old photo obtained 30 years ago);
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFC1FFFD70C3AE20C3FBA81E" bold="true" box="[1413,1430,1069,1093]" pageId="2" pageNumber="508">B</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE3369AFFC1FFFD75D1AE5CC3F0A832" blockId="2.[151,1437,1069,1207]" box="[151,1437,1105,1129]" pageId="2" pageNumber="508">
|
||
Hind left leg, lateral view;
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFC1FFFD74E5AE5CC7D8A832" bold="true" box="[419,437,1105,1129]" pageId="2" pageNumber="508">C</emphasis>
|
||
. Right wing. Scale bars, figures A
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFC1FFFD764AAE5CC574A832" bold="true" box="[780,793,1105,1129]" pageId="2" pageNumber="508">–</emphasis>
|
||
C = 1 mm. Abbreviations:
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFC1FFFD7164AE5CC238A832" bold="true" box="[1058,1109,1105,1129]" pageId="2" pageNumber="508">CuA</emphasis>
|
||
—anterior branch of cubital vein
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE3369AFFC1FFFD75D1AE7BC49AA8EA" blockId="2.[151,1437,1069,1207]" pageId="2" pageNumber="508">
|
||
+
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFC1FFFD75EAAE78C6B1A8D6" bold="true" box="[172,220,1141,1165]" pageId="2" pageNumber="508">CuP</emphasis>
|
||
posterior branch of cubital vein;
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFC1FFFD7777AE78C439A8D6" bold="true" box="[561,596,1141,1165]" pageId="2" pageNumber="508">dm</emphasis>
|
||
—discal medial cell;
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFC1FFFD7668AE78C51EA8D6" bold="true" box="[814,883,1141,1165]" pageId="2" pageNumber="508">dm–m</emphasis>
|
||
—discal medial crossvein;
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFC1FFFD71C1AE78C2CBA8C8" bold="true" box="[1159,1190,1141,1171]" pageId="2" pageNumber="508">
|
||
M
|
||
<subScript id="17D834DFFFC1FFFD71D9AE88C2CBA8C8" attach="left" box="[1183,1190,1157,1171]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="508">1</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
—first branch of media;
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFC1FFFD75D1AE94C6DBA8EC" bold="true" box="[151,182,1177,1207]" pageId="2" pageNumber="508">
|
||
M
|
||
<subScript id="17D834DFFFC1FFFD75E9AEA4C6DBA8EC" attach="left" box="[175,182,1193,1207]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="508">2</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
—second branch of media;
|
||
<emphasis id="B928EA88FFC1FFFD7488AE94C780A8EC" bold="true" box="[462,493,1177,1207]" pageId="2" pageNumber="508">
|
||
M
|
||
<subScript id="17D834DFFFC1FFFD74A0AEA4C780A8EC" attach="left" box="[486,493,1193,1207]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="508">4</subScript>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
—fourth branch of media.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |