451 lines
47 KiB
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451 lines
47 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.976.53859" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3c8d8e79-b176-41e6-87c9-fb6f4b5ff9a6" ID-PMC="PMC7591553" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-976-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="1C1677B3CFE65ECEADF5CA56DACD0B9C" ID-PubMed="33173395" ID-ZooBank="B755A1D5D42D4CA589BE10C11EAB4580" ModsDocID="1313-2970-976-1" checkinTime="1603239875264" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Pholyotha, Arthit, Sutcharit, Chirasak, Tongkerd, Piyoros & Panha, Somsak" docDate="2020" docId="EDA6D4EC96C45350896C93E448FB0A16" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 976: 1-100" docOrigin="ZooKeys 976" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.976.53859" docTitle="Sarika dugasti" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" id="1C1677B3CFE65ECEADF5CA56DACD0B9C" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="1C1677B3CFE65ECEADF5CA56DACD0B9C" masterDocTitle="Integrative taxonomic revision of the land snail genus Sarika Godwin-Austen, 1907 in Thailand, with descriptions of nine new species (Eupulmonata, Ariophantidae)" masterLastPageNumber="100" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668169619115" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Integrative taxonomic revision of the land snail genus Sarika Godwin-Austen, 1907 in Thailand, with descriptions of nine new species (Eupulmonata, Ariophantidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Pholyotha, Arthit</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Biological Sciences Program, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand & Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6677-1164</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Sutcharit, Chirasak</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">jirasak4@yahoo.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Tongkerd, Piyoros</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Panha, Somsak</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Animal Systematics Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>976</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>100</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.976.53859</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.976.53859</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-976-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">B755A1D5D42D4CA589BE10C11EAB4580</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="168504525" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EDA6D4EC96C45350896C93E448FB0A16" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/EDA6D4EC96C45350896C93E448FB0A16" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName LSID="EDA6D4EC-96C4-5350-896C-93E448FB0A16" authority="(Morlet, 1891)" baseAuthorityName="Morlet" baseAuthorityYear="1891" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Sarika" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sarika dugasti" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="dugasti">Sarika dugasti (Morlet, 1891)</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Maximum likelihood tree showing the relationships among species of Sarika based on the mitochondrial COI gene sequences. Numbers by the nodes are the ML bootstrap values (left) and Bayesian posterior probabilities (right); shown only for the nodes supported by ML or BI (≥ 70 % and ≥ 0.95). Each clade colour refers to a genus." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.976.53859.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/464383" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 1</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 44" captionStartId="F44" captionText="Figure 44. Geographic distribution of Sarika dugasti and S. solemi sp. nov. based on the specimens examined herein." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.976.53859.figure44" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/464426" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 44</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 45" captionStartId="F45" captionText="Figure 45. Living snails of Group III: Sarika dugasti group. A Sarika dugasti specimen CUMZ 7563 and B S. solemi sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 7298. Not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.976.53859.figure45" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/464427" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 45A</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 46" captionStartId="F46" captionText="Figure 46. Shells of Group III: Sarika dugasti group. A, B Sarika dugasti A syntype MNHN-IM- 2000 - 27884 and B specimen CUMZ 7542, C-F S. solemi sp. nov. C holotype CUMZ 7297 D paratype CUMZ 7298, and E, F specimen CUMZ 7503." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.976.53859.figure46" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/464428" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 46A, B</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 47" captionStartId="F47" captionText="Figure 47. Genitalia. A, B Sarika dugasti specimen CUMZ 7542 A general view of the genital system and B internal structure of the penis C, D S. solemi sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 7298 C general view of the genital system and D internal structure of the penis. White arrowheads indicate the ends of the penes." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.976.53859.figure47" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/464429" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 47A, B</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 48" captionStartId="F48" captionText="Figure 48. Representative SEM images of the radula. A Sarika dugasti specimen CUMZ 7574 and B S. solemi sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 7298. Central tooth indicated by ' C'; Yellow colour indicates lateral teeth with the transition to marginal teeth." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.976.53859.figure48" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/464430" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 48A</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Morlet" authorityYear="1891" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Macrochlamys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Macrochlamys dugasti" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="dugasti">Macrochlamys dugasti</taxonomicName>
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Morlet, 1891a: 25, 26. Type locality:
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“forêts">"forets</normalizedToken>
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des bords du
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Ménam-Pinh">Menam-Pinh</normalizedToken>
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, Laos occidental" [forest edges of Ping River, Thailand];
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<bibRefCitation author="Fischer-Piette, E" journalOrPublisher="Journal de Conchyliologie" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="149 - 180" refId="B20" refString="Fischer-Piette, E, 1950. Liste des types decrits dans le Journal de Conchyliologie et conserves dans la collection de ce journal. Journal de Conchyliologie 90: 149 - 180" title="Liste des types decrits dans le Journal de Conchyliologie et conserves dans la collection de ce journal." volume="90" year="1950">Fischer-Piette 1950</bibRefCitation>
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: 159;
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<bibRefCitation author="Panha, S" journalOrPublisher="Walkerana" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="31 - 40" refId="B56" refString="Panha, S, 1996. A checklist and classification of the land terrestrial pulmonate snail in Thailand. Walkerana 8: 31 - 40" title="A checklist and classification of the land terrestrial pulmonate snail in Thailand." volume="8" year="1996">Panha 1996</bibRefCitation>
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: 34;
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<bibRefCitation author="Hemmen, J" journalOrPublisher="Schriften zur Malakozoologie aus dem Haus der Natur-Cismar" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="35 - 70" refId="B31" refString="Hemmen, J, Hemmen, C, 2001. Aktualisierte Liste der terrestrischen Gastropoden Thailands. Schriften zur Malakozoologie aus dem Haus der Natur-Cismar 18: 35 - 70" title="Aktualisierte Liste der terrestrischen Gastropoden Thailands." volume="18" year="2001">Hemmen and Hemmen 2001</bibRefCitation>
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: 44.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Ariophanta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ariophanta (Macrochlamys) dugasti" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="dugasti" subGenus="Macrochlamys">Ariophanta (Macrochlamys) dugasti</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation author="Morlet, L" journalOrPublisher="Journal de Conchyliologie" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="230 - 254" refId="B52" refString="Morlet, L, 1891b. Contributions a la faune malacologique de ľIndo-Chine. Journal de Conchyliologie 39: 230 - 254" title="Contributions a la faune malacologique de ľIndo-Chine." volume="39" year="1891 b">Morlet 1891b</bibRefCitation>
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: 231, 239, 240, pl. 5, figs 1, 1a;
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<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.14809" author="Fischer, P" journalOrPublisher="Imprimerie Dejussieu Pere et Fils, Autun" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B18" refString="Fischer, P, 1891. Catalogue et distribution geographique des Mollusques terrestres, fluviatiles & marins ďune partie de ľIndo-Chine (Siam, Laos, Cambodge, Cochinchine, Annam, Tonkin). Imprimerie Dejussieu Pere et Fils, Autun, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.14809" title="Catalogue et distribution geographique des Mollusques terrestres, fluviatiles & marins ďune partie de ľIndo-Chine (Siam, Laos, Cambodge, Cochinchine, Annam, Tonkin)." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.14809" year="1891">Fischer 1891</bibRefCitation>
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: 20.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Nanina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nanina (Macrochlamys) dugasti" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="dugasti" subGenus="Macrochlamys">Nanina (Macrochlamys) dugasti</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation author="Fischer, H" journalOrPublisher="In: Mission Pavie, Etudes Diverses" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="390 - 450" refId="B19" refString="Fischer, H, Dautzenberg, P, 1904. Catalogue des mollusques terrestres et fluviatiles de ľIndo- Chine orientale cites jusqu' a ce jour. In: Mission Pavie, Etudes Diverses 3: 390 - 450" title="Catalogue des mollusques terrestres et fluviatiles de ľIndo- Chine orientale cites jusqu' a ce jour." volume="3" year="1904">Fischer and Dautzenberg 1904</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 395.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Morlet" baseAuthorityYear="1891" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Sarika" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sarika dugasti" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="dugasti">Sarika dugasti</taxonomicName>
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||
:
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<bibRefCitation author="Tomlin, B" journalOrPublisher="The Journal of the Siam Society, Natural History Supplement" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="15 - 17" refId="B89" refString="Tomlin, B, 1929. The land shells of Kaw Tao. The Journal of the Siam Society, Natural History Supplement 8: 15 - 17" title="The land shells of Kaw Tao." volume="8" year="1929">Tomlin 1929</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 16.
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||
<bibRefCitation author="Maneevong, A" journalOrPublisher="Unpublished Master's Thesis, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B44" refString="Maneevong, A, 2000. Taxonomic revision of terrestrial snails genera Macrochlamys, Cryptozona and Hemiplecta in Thailand. Unpublished Master's Thesis, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok" title="Taxonomic revision of terrestrial snails genera Macrochlamys, Cryptozona and Hemiplecta in Thailand." year="2000">Maneevong 2000</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 31, fig. 4-3;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Sutcharit, C" journalOrPublisher="The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="95 - 100" refId="B85" refString="Sutcharit, C, Panha, S, 2008. Taxonomic re-evaluation of Sarika diadema (Dall, 1897) and S. asamurai (Panha, 1997), two endemic land snails from Thailand (Pulmonata: Ariophantidae: Macrochlamydinae). The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 56: 95 - 100" title="Taxonomic re-evaluation of Sarika diadema (Dall, 1897) and S. asamurai (Panha, 1997), two endemic land snails from Thailand (Pulmonata: Ariophantidae: Macrochlamydinae)." volume="56" year="2008">Sutcharit and Panha 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 96;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Schileyko, AA" journalOrPublisher="Ruthenica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 68" refId="B78" refString="Schileyko, AA, 2011. Check-list of land pulmonate molluscs of Vietnam (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora). Ruthenica 21: 1 - 68" title="Check-list of land pulmonate molluscs of Vietnam (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora)." volume="21" year="2011">Schileyko 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 34.
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||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.834.28800" author="Inkhavilay, K" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 166" refId="B36" refString="Inkhavilay, K, Sutcharit, C, Bantaowong, U, Chanabun, R, Siriwut, W, Srisonchai, R, Pholyotha, A, Jirapatrasilp, P, Panha, S, 2019. Annotated checklist of the terrestrial molluscs from Laos (Mollusca, Gastropoda). ZooKeys 834: 1 - 166, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.834.28800" title="Annotated checklist of the terrestrial molluscs from Laos (Mollusca, Gastropoda)." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.834.28800" volume="834" year="2019">Inkhavilay et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 149, fig. 59f;
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/13235818.2020.1723041" author="Pholyotha, A" journalOrPublisher="Molluscan Research" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="183 - 204" refId="B69" refString="Pholyotha, A, Sutcharit, C, Tongkerd, P, Lin, A, Panha, S, 2020c. Taxonomic revision of the land snail genera Macrochlamys Gray, 1847 and Sarika Godwin-Austen 1907 (Eupulmonata: Ariophantidae) from Southeastern Myanmar, with descriptions of three new species. Molluscan Research 40: 183 - 204, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13235818.2020.1723041" title="Taxonomic revision of the land snail genera Macrochlamys Gray, 1847 and Sarika Godwin-Austen 1907 (Eupulmonata: Ariophantidae) from Southeastern Myanmar, with descriptions of three new species." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/13235818.2020.1723041" volume="40" year="2020 c">Pholyotha et al. 2020c</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 19, fig. 9f.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Syntype</emphasis>
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MNHN-IM-2000-27884 (one shell; Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 46" captionStartId="F46" captionText="Figure 46. Shells of Group III: Sarika dugasti group. A, B Sarika dugasti A syntype MNHN-IM- 2000 - 27884 and B specimen CUMZ 7542, C-F S. solemi sp. nov. C holotype CUMZ 7297 D paratype CUMZ 7298, and E, F specimen CUMZ 7503." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.976.53859.figure46" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/464428" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">46A</figureCitation>
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) from
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Forêts">Forets</normalizedToken>
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des bords du
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Ménam-Pinh">Menam-Pinh</normalizedToken>
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, Laos occidental [forest edges of Ping River, Thailand]. Possible syntype NHMUK 1893.12.8.31 (one shell).
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</paragraph>
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||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.976.53859.figure44" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/464426" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 44" startId="F44">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 44.</emphasis>
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Geographic distribution of
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<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Morlet" baseAuthorityYear="1891" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Sarika" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sarika dugasti" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="dugasti">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Sarika dugasti</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="S. solemi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="solemi">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. solemi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. based on the specimens examined herein.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Other material examined.</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Myanmar.</emphasis>
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Phaboo, Salwin Valley, Burma: NHMUK 1891.3.17.559 60 (two shells). Moulmein: NHMUK 1887.06.1.1 (two shells).
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Thailand.</emphasis>
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Siam: NHMUK 1903.7.1.100, NHMUK 1901.1.06.38 (specimen figured in
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<bibRefCitation author="Blanford, WT" journalOrPublisher="Taylor and Francis, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B8" refString="Blanford, WT, Godwin-Austen, HH, 1908. The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Mollusca. Testacellidae and Zonitidae. Taylor and Francis, London" title="The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Mollusca. Testacellidae and Zonitidae." year="1908">Blanford and Godwin-Austen 1908</bibRefCitation>
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: Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 48" captionStartId="F48" captionText="Figure 48. Representative SEM images of the radula. A Sarika dugasti specimen CUMZ 7574 and B S. solemi sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 7298. Central tooth indicated by ' C'; Yellow colour indicates lateral teeth with the transition to marginal teeth." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.976.53859.figure48" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/464430" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">48</figureCitation>
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), SMF 90841/2 (two shells).
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Thailand-Western.</emphasis>
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Wat Tham Inthanin, Mae Sot, Tak,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="16" direction="north" minutes="46" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="01.4" value="16.767056">16°46'01.4"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="98" direction="east" minutes="40" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="21.5" value="98.67264">98°40'21.5"E</geoCoordinate>
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: CUMZ 7567. Limestone outcrop in Mae Sot, Mae Sot, Tak,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="16" direction="north" minutes="45" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="40.8" value="16.761333">16°45'40.8"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="98" direction="east" minutes="43" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="08.1" value="98.71892">98°43'08.1"E</geoCoordinate>
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: CUMZ 7568, 7569. Chao Por Phawo Shrine, Mae Sot, Tak,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="16" direction="north" minutes="46" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="16.9" value="16.77136">16°46'16.9"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="98" direction="east" minutes="41" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="09.1" value="98.68586">98°41'09.1"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
: CUMZ 7571, 7572, 7573, 7574. Limestone outcrop in Tha Song Yang, Tha Song Yang, Tak,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="17" direction="north" minutes="27" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="11.8" value="17.453278">17°27'11.8"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="98" direction="east" minutes="10" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="39.2" value="98.17755">98°10'39.2"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
: CUMZ 7570. Ban Nam Ok Hu, Tha Song Yang, Tak,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="17" direction="north" minutes="07" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="54.4" value="17.131779">17°07'54.4"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="98" direction="east" minutes="23" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="41.5" value="98.39486">98°23'41.5"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
: CUMZ 7575. Limestone outcrop in Umphang, Umphang Tak,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="16" direction="north" minutes="00" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="53.4" value="16.014833">16°00'53.4"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="98" direction="east" minutes="56" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="47.7" value="98.94659">98°56'47.7"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
: CUMZ 7576.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Thailand-Central.</emphasis>
|
||
Pitsunaloke, Siam: NHMUK 1903.2.4.82-84 (four shells). Limestone area near Huai Kha Khaeng, Lan Sak, Uthai Thani,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="15" direction="north" minutes="36" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="31.1" value="15.60864">15°36'31.1"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="99" direction="east" minutes="19" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="15.0" value="99.32083">99°19'15.0"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
: CUMZ 7543. Limestone outcrop in Phran Kratai, Phran Kratai, Kamphaeng Phet,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="16" direction="north" minutes="40" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="40.1" value="16.677805">16°40'40.1"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="99" direction="east" minutes="32" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="27.1" value="99.54086">99°32'27.1"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
: CUMZ 7541. Wat Khao Huai Lung, Banphot Phisai, Nakhon Sawan,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="15" direction="north" minutes="55" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="30.2" value="15.9250555">15°55'30.2"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="99" direction="east" minutes="52" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="28.9" value="99.874695">99°52'28.9"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
: CUMZ 7564. Wat Thep Sathaporn, Banphot Phisai, Nakhon Sawan,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="15" direction="north" minutes="54" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="48.7" value="15.9135275">15°54'48.7"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="99" direction="east" minutes="53" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="04.0" value="99.884445">99°53'04.0"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
: CUMZ 7565, 7566. Tham Yok, Ban Dan Lan Hoi, Sukhothai,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="17" direction="north" minutes="08" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="15.9" value="17.13775">17°08'15.9"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="99" direction="east" minutes="33" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="00.5" value="99.55014">99°33'00.5"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
: CUMZ 7542 (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 46" captionStartId="F46" captionText="Figure 46. Shells of Group III: Sarika dugasti group. A, B Sarika dugasti A syntype MNHN-IM- 2000 - 27884 and B specimen CUMZ 7542, C-F S. solemi sp. nov. C holotype CUMZ 7297 D paratype CUMZ 7298, and E, F specimen CUMZ 7503." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.976.53859.figure46" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/464428" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">46B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Limestone outcrop in Na Choeng Khiri, Khiri Mat, Sukhothai,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="16" direction="north" minutes="52" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="38.7" value="16.877417">16°52'38.7"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="99" direction="east" minutes="41" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="35.1" value="99.693085">99°41'35.1"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
: CUMZ 7557. Tham Lom-Tham Wang, Si Samrong, Sukhothai,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="17" direction="north" minutes="13" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="30.3" value="17.225084">17°13'30.3"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="99" direction="east" minutes="31" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="53.0" value="99.531395">99°31'53.0"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
: CUMZ 7558, 7559, 7560. Wat Tham Rakhang, Si Samrong, Sukhothai,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="17" direction="north" minutes="09" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="54.2" value="17.165054">17°09'54.2"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="99" direction="east" minutes="33" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="36.2" value="99.56006">99°33'36.2"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
: CUMZ 7561, 7562, 7563.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Thailand-Northern.</emphasis>
|
||
Lampun, Siam: SMF 298588/2 (two shells). Lampoon, Siam: NHMUK MacAndrew Coll. Acc. No. 1563 (three shells), NHMUK Kennard Coll. Acc. No. 1824 (one shell), NHMUK ex. 392 (five shells). Tham Luang Pha Wiang, Ban Hong, Lamphun,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="18" direction="north" minutes="13" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="18.7" value="18.22186">18°13'18.7"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="98" direction="east" minutes="51" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="27.7" value="98.8577">98°51'27.7"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
: CUMZ 7551, 7552, 7553, 7554, 7577. Erawan Cave, Pa Sang, Lamphun,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="18" direction="north" minutes="19" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="38.4" value="18.327333">18°19'38.4"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="98" direction="east" minutes="52" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="17.9" value="98.87164">98°52'17.9"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
: CUMZ 7555, 7556. Wat Tham Pha Ngam, Mae Phrik, Lampang,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="17" direction="north" minutes="28" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="49.6" value="17.480446">17°28'49.6"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="99" direction="east" minutes="10" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="05.3" value="99.16814">99°10'05.3"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
: CUMZ 7549. Wat Tham Suk Kasem Sawan, Thoen, Lampang,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="17" direction="north" minutes="42" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="40.0" value="17.711111">17°42'40.0"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="99" direction="east" minutes="12" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="25.2" value="99.207">99°12'25.2"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
: CUMZ 7550. Wachirathan Waterfall, Chom Thong, Chiang Mai,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="18" direction="north" minutes="32" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="31.2" value="18.542">18°32'31.2"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="98" direction="east" minutes="35" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="53.7" value="98.59825">98°35'53.7"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
: CUMZ 7544. Borichinda Cave, Chom Thong, Chiang Mai,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="18" direction="north" minutes="30" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="02.8" value="18.500778">18°30'02.8"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="98" direction="east" minutes="40" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="20.4" value="98.67233">98°40'20.4"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
: CUMZ 7545, 7546. Wat Tham Tong, Chom Thong, Chiang Mai,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="18" direction="north" minutes="15" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="19.8" value="18.2555">18°15'19.8"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="98" direction="east" minutes="34" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="48.0" value="98.58">98°34'48.0"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
: CUMZ 7547. Wat Tham Muang On, Mae On, Chiang Mai,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="18" direction="north" minutes="47" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="46.3" value="18.796194">18°47'46.3"N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate degrees="99" direction="east" minutes="14" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="05.5" value="99.234856">99°14'05.5"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
: CUMZ 7548.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.976.53859.figure45" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/464427" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 45" startId="F45">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 45.</emphasis>
|
||
Living snails of Group III:
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Morlet" baseAuthorityYear="1891" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Sarika" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sarika dugasti" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="dugasti">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Sarika dugasti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Morlet" baseAuthorityYear="1891" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Sarika" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sarika dugasti" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="dugasti">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Sarika dugasti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimen CUMZ 7563 and
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. solemi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="solemi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. solemi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 7298. Not to scale.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Shell medium, globosely depressed, pale to dark brown with well-rounded body whorl. Animal with greyish body and five mantle lobes. Genitalia with a long straight epiphallic caecum and long pseudo-verge. Inner penial sculpture with small cuboidal pilasters in proximal part, then reticulated pilasters in the middle, and larger cuboidal pilasters in distal end.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Shell</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Shell globosely depressed, medium size (shell width up to 17.2 mm, shell height up to 10.5 mm), and rather thin. Shell surface smooth and shining; shell colour very pale to dark brown. Whorls
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="6½-7½">61/2-71/2</normalizedToken>
|
||
, increasing regularly; body whorl large and well rounded. Spire much elevated; suture impressed. Aperture crescent-shaped and obliquely opened. Peristome simple and slightly thickened. Columellar margin simple and slightly reflected near umbilicus. Umbilicus narrowly opened (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 46" captionStartId="F46" captionText="Figure 46. Shells of Group III: Sarika dugasti group. A, B Sarika dugasti A syntype MNHN-IM- 2000 - 27884 and B specimen CUMZ 7542, C-F S. solemi sp. nov. C holotype CUMZ 7297 D paratype CUMZ 7298, and E, F specimen CUMZ 7503." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.976.53859.figure46" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/464428" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">46A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.976.53859.figure46" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/464428" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 46" startId="F46">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 46.</emphasis>
|
||
Shells of Group III:
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Morlet" baseAuthorityYear="1891" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Sarika" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sarika dugasti" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="dugasti">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Sarika dugasti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A, B</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Morlet" baseAuthorityYear="1891" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Sarika" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sarika dugasti" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="dugasti">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Sarika dugasti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||
syntype MNHN-IM-2000-27884 and
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||
specimen CUMZ 7542,
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C-F</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. solemi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="solemi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. solemi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||
holotype CUMZ 7297
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||
paratype CUMZ 7298, and
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E, F</emphasis>
|
||
specimen CUMZ 7503.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Genital organs</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Atrium short. Penis long cylindrical with thin penial sheath covering penis. Proximal penis rather slender; distal penis enlarged with pseudo-verge inside. Inner sculpture of penis proximally with very finely longitudinal penial pilasters to nearly smooth surface, then transformed to small cuboidal and reticulated pilaster in middle and modified to larger cuboidal pilasters at distal end. Pseudo-verge elongate conic and approximately one-third of penis length. Epiphallus cylindrical, and narrower than distal penis. Epiphallic caecum very long, straight, and same diameter as epiphallus. Penial retractor muscle thin and attached at tip of epiphallic caecum. Flagellum long, slender, and approximately as long as penis. Vas deferens thin tube connecting distal epiphallus and free oviduct (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 47" captionStartId="F47" captionText="Figure 47. Genitalia. A, B Sarika dugasti specimen CUMZ 7542 A general view of the genital system and B internal structure of the penis C, D S. solemi sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 7298 C general view of the genital system and D internal structure of the penis. White arrowheads indicate the ends of the penes." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.976.53859.figure47" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/464429" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">47A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.976.53859.figure47" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/464429" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 47" startId="F47">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 47.</emphasis>
|
||
Genitalia.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A, B</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Morlet" baseAuthorityYear="1891" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Sarika" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sarika dugasti" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="dugasti">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Sarika dugasti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimen CUMZ 7542
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||
general view of the genital system and
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||
internal structure of the penis
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C, D</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. solemi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="solemi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. solemi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 7298
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||
general view of the genital system and
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||
internal structure of the penis. White arrowheads indicate the ends of the penes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
Vagina short and approximately one-third of penis length. Dart apparatus large, long cylindrical, and located on atrium at vagina and penis junction. Gametolytic organ (sac and duct) small and long cylindrical tube. Free oviduct cylindrical, approximately as long as vagina, and proximal end encircled with thick tissue (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 47" captionStartId="F47" captionText="Figure 47. Genitalia. A, B Sarika dugasti specimen CUMZ 7542 A general view of the genital system and B internal structure of the penis C, D S. solemi sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 7298 C general view of the genital system and D internal structure of the penis. White arrowheads indicate the ends of the penes." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.976.53859.figure47" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/464429" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">47A</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Bivalvia" family="Limidae" genus="Radula" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Radula" order="Limida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Radula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Teeth with half row formula: 1-(11-12)-47. Central tooth symmetrical tricuspid; lateral teeth asymmetrical tricuspid; marginal teeth elongate bicuspid. Marginal teeth starting at approximately row number 11 or 12 (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 48" captionStartId="F48" captionText="Figure 48. Representative SEM images of the radula. A Sarika dugasti specimen CUMZ 7574 and B S. solemi sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 7298. Central tooth indicated by ' C'; Yellow colour indicates lateral teeth with the transition to marginal teeth." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.976.53859.figure48" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/464430" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">48A</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.976.53859.figure48" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/464430" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 48" startId="F48">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 48.</emphasis>
|
||
Representative SEM images of the radula.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Morlet" baseAuthorityYear="1891" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Sarika" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sarika dugasti" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="dugasti">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Sarika dugasti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimen CUMZ 7574 and
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. solemi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="solemi">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. solemi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 7298. Central tooth indicated by
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="‘C’">'C'</normalizedToken>
|
||
; Yellow colour indicates lateral teeth with the transition to marginal teeth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">External features</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Animal with reticulated skin, greyish body, slightly pale colour on foot sole and darker colour on caudal horn. Mantle edge well developed with three dorsal lobes and two shell lobes, and similar colour to body (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 45" captionStartId="F45" captionText="Figure 45. Living snails of Group III: Sarika dugasti group. A Sarika dugasti specimen CUMZ 7563 and B S. solemi sp. nov. paratype CUMZ 7298. Not to scale." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.976.53859.figure45" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/464427" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">45A</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Morlet" baseAuthorityYear="1891" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Sarika" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sarika dugasti" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="dugasti">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Sarika dugasti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occurs in central, north and western Thailand along the Tenasserim Ranges (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 44" captionStartId="F44" captionText="Figure 44. Geographic distribution of Sarika dugasti and S. solemi sp. nov. based on the specimens examined herein." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.976.53859.figure44" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/464426" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">44</figureCitation>
|
||
) and the Salween Valley, east of the Dawna Ranges in Myanmar (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Blanford, WT" journalOrPublisher="Taylor and Francis, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B8" refString="Blanford, WT, Godwin-Austen, HH, 1908. The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Mollusca. Testacellidae and Zonitidae. Taylor and Francis, London" title="The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Mollusca. Testacellidae and Zonitidae." year="1908">Blanford and Godwin-Austen 1908</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/13235818.2020.1723041" author="Pholyotha, A" journalOrPublisher="Molluscan Research" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="183 - 204" refId="B69" refString="Pholyotha, A, Sutcharit, C, Tongkerd, P, Lin, A, Panha, S, 2020c. Taxonomic revision of the land snail genera Macrochlamys Gray, 1847 and Sarika Godwin-Austen 1907 (Eupulmonata: Ariophantidae) from Southeastern Myanmar, with descriptions of three new species. Molluscan Research 40: 183 - 204, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13235818.2020.1723041" title="Taxonomic revision of the land snail genera Macrochlamys Gray, 1847 and Sarika Godwin-Austen 1907 (Eupulmonata: Ariophantidae) from Southeastern Myanmar, with descriptions of three new species." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/13235818.2020.1723041" volume="40" year="2020 c">Pholyotha et al. 2020c</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). However, the literature records from Laos, Nepal and Vietnam (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Schileyko, AA" journalOrPublisher="Ruthenica" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 68" refId="B78" refString="Schileyko, AA, 2011. Check-list of land pulmonate molluscs of Vietnam (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora). Ruthenica 21: 1 - 68" title="Check-list of land pulmonate molluscs of Vietnam (Gastropoda: Stylommatophora)." volume="21" year="2011">Schileyko 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Inkahvilay et al. 2019) are still uncertain.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="coi analysis">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">COI analysis.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
The ML and BI analyses revealed that the individuals of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. dugasti" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="dugasti">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. dugasti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(n = 3) formed a monophyletic group with good support (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Maximum likelihood tree showing the relationships among species of Sarika based on the mitochondrial COI gene sequences. Numbers by the nodes are the ML bootstrap values (left) and Bayesian posterior probabilities (right); shown only for the nodes supported by ML or BI (≥ 70 % and ≥ 0.95). Each clade colour refers to a genus." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.976.53859.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/464383" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">1</figureCitation>
|
||
; BS = 91%, PP = 1). The mean intraspecific genetic distance of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. dugasti" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="dugasti">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. dugasti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was 3.7% (Table
|
||
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="T2" captionText="Table 2. Mean intra-specific and inter-specific genetic divergences among species of Sarika from the mitochondrial COI gene sequences estimated by the K 2 P model. Taxa in bold are the new species described herein." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/13BDBDF714F2FAA17ADB274D839659A1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableUuid="13BDBDF714F2FAA17ADB274D839659A1">2</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Morlet" baseAuthorityYear="1891" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Sarika" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sarika dugasti" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="dugasti">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Sarika dugasti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be distinguished from all other known
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityYear="1907" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Sarika" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sarika" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Sarika</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species by having a dome-shaped shell with narrow aperture and genitalia with a very long epiphallic caecum and long pseudo-verge. Other
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityYear="1907" class="Gastropoda" family="Ariophantidae" genus="Sarika" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Sarika" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Sarika</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species tend to have a flattened to depressed shell with a wide aperture and genitalia without penial verge. Although we surveyed during the wet season, only immature snails were collected, and so the radula and genitalia of sub-adult specimens are illustrated here.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |