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<document id="20C0D6AD62C5030A41C38EC0FC357429" ID-CLB-Dataset="9001" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4903.3.8" ID-GBIF-Dataset="aa3fe220-2645-46dd-8689-7f23979ffc31" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4428060" ID-ZooBank="621B46AA-55BF-41FC-9189-A59C3A0C7494" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1610100619213" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Li, Zhiqiang &amp; Tang, Hongqu" docDate="2021" docId="039487AB44186B1EFF5CFBFEB1DDFB46" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4903.3.8.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4903 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Paratanytarsus zengensis Li &amp; Tang 2021, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="4CE805DC-D3BD-4217-8FBE-A97A6BDD1995" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="437" masterDocId="FFADFFD3441C6B19FFCBFFC1B55CFFE7" masterDocTitle="Two new species of Paratanytarsus Thienemann &amp; Bause (Diptera: Chironomidae) from Oriental China" masterLastPageNumber="438" masterPageNumber="430" pageNumber="434" updateTime="1698924099118" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
<mods:mods id="C44E07B0D00F0AF33DE709404B68A8C0" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="1E1A6AAAD39CF9A340619AC69259D9DC">
<mods:title id="D4BFF497F50B0987C2213FB2CC584478">Two new species of Paratanytarsus Thienemann &amp; Bause (Diptera: Chironomidae) from Oriental China</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="67630EF088C379D9510593D9C6357450" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="196F8C7F2D15EEE0AD4B934FAAB18971">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="A37F522519FCF68E9E8C550D01EA753E">Li, Zhiqiang</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="45EDD2A3033FD60B75935AB8EE08842C" type="ORCID">0000-0003-0064-7165</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:name id="234376D5ED2740534610C5F1157B08BA" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="8C95114FC8CBBA528534632462490A94">Tang, Hongqu</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="991E69BBC251DED2CA2ED7998B77353F" type="ORCID">0000-0002-4957-4617</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="6A9DE9D3C298D75FB135E5C826E6C667" type="email">townningt@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="2B5FA895A9AC0A9EBBCEDB84AF6C4112">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="41E20EFF38FD84EEEB64525E2D38EE73">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="1AF8B8B7E3C7213288F241405579B193">
<mods:date id="6505BB003C5B260B32CD760BB1716161">2021</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="CBF02B6F49B6F23242684984A36B2D10" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="FA212FD1C46B9141BA0EED55E316C34F">2021-01-08</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="29CAF9AB31599AB65ED0240B9C2C7782">4903</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="AE00E9508448ED23449469AB027D0115">3</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="9896FA3EDA3D40BF13790080BE6A7156">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="A5112F110960A283C71C622053689C9F" type="CLB-Dataset">9001</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="38D71D02500043064C8C32238BD0CB06" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4903.3.8</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="E5DC679266FD9B2FB670EB2C4D588B3B" type="GBIF-Dataset">aa3fe220-2645-46dd-8689-7f23979ffc31</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="1976F75C76536EB50B03E78036954D4C" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="0EB18753C57B935E0BD6A5E1BF024857" type="Zenodo-Dep">4428060</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="CC87C8812802E6EDB2C04F6A2C5B81A7" type="ZooBank">621B46AA-55BF-41FC-9189-A59C3A0C7494</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="039487AB44186B1EFF5CFBFEB1DDFB46" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4428072" ID-GBIF-Taxon="176566861" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4428072" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:4CE805DC-D3BD-4217-8FBE-A97A6BDD1995" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039487AB44186B1EFF5CFBFEB1DDFB46" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="437" pageId="4" pageNumber="434">
<subSubSection id="C327653644186B1DFF5CFBFEB748FBBE" box="[151,532,1087,1113]" pageId="4" pageNumber="434" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B8236BD44186B1DFF5CFBFEB748FBBE" blockId="4.[151,1205,1087,1185]" box="[151,532,1087,1113]" pageId="4" pageNumber="434">
<heading id="D0CA81D144186B1DFF5CFBFEB748FBBE" bold="true" box="[151,532,1087,1113]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="434" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B949EAAF44186B1DFF5CFBFEB748FBBE" bold="true" box="[151,532,1087,1113]" pageId="4" pageNumber="434">
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D3E44186B1DFF5CFBFEB497FBBE" ID-CoL="9HX2H" authority="Li &amp; Tang, 2021" authorityName="Li &amp; Tang" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,459,1087,1113]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Paratanytarsus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="434" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zengensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B949EAAF44186B1DFF5CFBFEB497FBBE" bold="true" box="[151,459,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="434">Paratanytarsus zengensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27A57D444186B1DFE19FBFEB748FBBE" box="[466,532,1087,1113]" pageId="4" pageNumber="434" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C327653644186B1DFF5CFBA2B1E9FB46" pageId="4" pageNumber="434" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B8236BD44186B1DFF5CFBA2B44EFB9A" blockId="4.[151,1205,1087,1185]" box="[151,274,1123,1149]" pageId="4" pageNumber="434">
(
<figureCitation id="13062A3844186B1DFF54FBA2B456FB9A" box="[159,266,1123,1149]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 3" captionStart-1="FIGURE 4" captionStartId-0="5.[151,250,1761,1785]" captionStartId-1="6.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox-0="[158,1434,432,1727]" captionTargetBox-1="[265,1317,192,1910]" captionTargetId-0="figure-130@5.[151,1436,417,1737]" captionTargetId-1="figure-17@6.[252,1335,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId-0="5" captionTargetPageId-1="6" captionText-0="FIGURE 3. Paratanytarsus zengensis sp. n., male. A, Hypopygium, dorsal view; B, anal tergite with anal point; C, median volsella; D, superior volsella, ventral view. Scale: A–D, 25 µm" captionText-1="FIGURE 4. Paratanytarsus zengensis sp. n., pupa. A, Cephalothorax, lateral view; B, abdomen, dorsal view; C, anal comb of abdominal segment VIII, dorsal view. Scale: A–B, 100 µm; C, 25 µm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4428068" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4428070" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4428068/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4428070/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="434">Figs. 3–4</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8236BD44186B1DFF5CFB47B1E9FB46" blockId="4.[151,1205,1087,1185]" box="[151,1205,1158,1185]" pageId="4" pageNumber="434">
http://zoobank.org/
<uri id="FFAC3ABF44186B1DFEBAFB47B1E9FB46" box="[369,1205,1158,1185]" pageId="4" pageNumber="434">
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
<uuid id="FF9B0C6844186B1DFDB4FB47B1E9FB46" box="[639,1205,1158,1185]" pageId="4" pageNumber="434">4CE805DC-D3BD-4217-8FBE-A97A6BDD1995</uuid>
</uri>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C327653644186B1DFF5CFB0EB1DFFAB2" pageId="4" pageNumber="434" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B8236BD44186B1DFF5CFB0EB1DFFAB2" blockId="4.[151,1437,1230,2019]" pageId="4" pageNumber="434">
<emphasis id="B949EAAF44186B1DFF5CFB0EB418FB0F" bold="true" box="[151,324,1230,1257]" pageId="4" pageNumber="434">Type material.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B553CE044186B1DFE80FB0EB05EFAEA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3014736302" collectingDate="2018-12-13" collectorName="H. Q. Tang" country="China" county="Guangzhou City" elevation="160" latitude="23.35" location="Zhengguo Town" longLatPrecision="1256" longitude="113.96667" municipality="Zengcheng District" pageId="4" pageNumber="434" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Guangdong" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="5486881F44186B1DFE80FB0EB4EAFB0E" box="[331,438,1231,1257]" pageId="4" pageNumber="434" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
, adult male,
<collectingCountry id="F32A762D44186B1DFD88FB0EB7FCFB0E" box="[579,672,1231,1257]" name="China" pageId="4" pageNumber="434">CHINA</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="49F9F85F44186B1DFD61FB0EB6C5FB0E" box="[682,921,1231,1257]" country="China" name="Guangdong" pageId="4" pageNumber="434">Guangdong Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="62E34E3144186B1DFC6FFB0EB100FB0E" box="[932,1116,1231,1257]" pageId="4" pageNumber="434">Guangzhou City</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BE6ACC744186B1DFBACFB0EB01DFB0E" box="[1127,1345,1231,1257]" pageId="4" pageNumber="434">Zengcheng District</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8EE2606644186B1DFA80FB0EB451FAEA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039487AB44186B1EFF5CFBFEB1DDFB46:8EE2606644186B1DFA80FB0EB451FAEA" country="China" county="Guangzhou City" latitude="23.35" longLatPrecision="1256" longitude="113.96667" municipality="Zengcheng District" name="Zhengguo Town" pageId="4" pageNumber="434" stateProvince="Guangdong">Zhengguo Town</location>
,
<location id="8EE2606644186B1DFED0FB32B483FAEA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039487AB44186B1EFF5CFBFEB1DDFB46:8EE2606644186B1DFED0FB32B483FAEA" box="[283,479,1267,1293]" country="China" county="Guangzhou City" latitude="23.35" longLatPrecision="1256" longitude="113.96667" municipality="Zengcheng District" name="Shuimei Country" pageId="4" pageNumber="434" stateProvince="Guangdong">Shuimei Country</location>
,
<location id="8EE2606644186B1DFE26FB32B728FAEA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039487AB44186B1EFF5CFBFEB1DDFB46:8EE2606644186B1DFE26FB32B728FAEA" box="[493,628,1267,1293]" country="China" county="Guangzhou City" latitude="23.35" longLatPrecision="1256" longitude="113.96667" municipality="Zengcheng District" name="Lan Stream" pageId="4" pageNumber="434" stateProvince="Guangdong">Lan Stream</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE09507A44186B1DFD49FB35B7BFFAE8" box="[642,739,1268,1295]" degrees="23" direction="north" minutes="21" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="434" precision="925" value="23.35">23°21′N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE09507A44186B1DFD3AFB35B607FAE8" box="[753,859,1268,1295]" degrees="113" direction="east" minutes="58" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="434" precision="925" value="113.96667">113°58′E</geoCoordinate>
, alt.,
<quantity id="4CC59B5844186B1DFC56FB32B6B4FAEA" box="[925,1000,1267,1293]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="4" pageNumber="434" unit="m" value="160.0">
<elevation id="0010D18E44186B1DFC56FB32B6B4FAEA" box="[925,1000,1267,1293]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="4" pageNumber="434" unit="m" value="160.0">160 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FF83107D44186B1DFC3CFB32B125FAEA" box="[1015,1145,1267,1293]" pageId="4" pageNumber="434" value="2018-12-13">
<collectingDate id="EFC7E99544186B1DFC3CFB32B125FAEA" box="[1015,1145,1267,1293]" pageId="4" pageNumber="434" value="2018-12-13">13.xii.2018</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="26C8536B44186B1DFB4CFB32B05EFAEA" box="[1159,1282,1267,1293]" pageId="4" pageNumber="434">H.Q. Tang</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
.
<typeStatus id="5486881F44186B1DFADBFB32B0DDFAEA" box="[1296,1409,1267,1293]" pageId="4" pageNumber="434" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCount id="9D3BFD3444186B1DFA45FB32B58CFAD6" pageId="4" pageNumber="434" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
, 1 pupal exuviae, as
<typeStatus id="5486881F44186B1DFE73FAD6B742FAD6" box="[440,542,1303,1329]" pageId="4" pageNumber="434" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
;
<specimenCount id="9D3BFD3444186B1DFDE2FAD6B729FAD6" box="[553,629,1303,1329]" pageId="4" pageNumber="434" type="adult">1 adult</specimenCount>
male, as previous, except
<date id="FF83107D44186B1DFC57FAD6B6A7FAD6" box="[924,1019,1303,1329]" pageId="4" pageNumber="434" value="2020-01-04">4.i.2020</date>
, Z.Q. Li; 1 pupal exuviae, Hongkong SAR, Tai Po, Ng Tung Chai waterfall,
<geoCoordinate id="EE09507A44186B1DFD83FAFDB7F5FAB0" box="[584,681,1340,1367]" degrees="22" direction="north" minutes="26" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="434" precision="925" value="22.433332">22°26′N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE09507A44186B1DFD7FFAFDB641FAB0" box="[692,797,1340,1367]" degrees="114" direction="east" minutes="08" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="434" precision="925" value="114.13333">114°08′E</geoCoordinate>
, alt.
<quantity id="4CC59B5844186B1DFC98FAFBB6D2FAB2" box="[851,910,1338,1365]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="434" unit="m" value="15.0">15 m</quantity>
,
<date id="FF83107D44186B1DFC51FAFAB14EFAB2" box="[922,1042,1339,1365]" pageId="4" pageNumber="434" value="2016-04-30">30.iv.2016</date>
, K.-C. Li.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C327653644186B1DFF0CFA9FB6FAFA7A" pageId="4" pageNumber="434" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B8236BD44186B1DFF0CFA9FB6FAFA7A" blockId="4.[151,1437,1230,2019]" pageId="4" pageNumber="434">
<emphasis id="B949EAAF44186B1DFF0CFA9FB4F8FA9F" bold="true" box="[199,420,1374,1400]" pageId="4" pageNumber="434">Derivatio nominis.</emphasis>
From the
<typeStatus id="5486881F44186B1DFDDDFA9EB71AFA9E" box="[534,582,1375,1401]" pageId="4" pageNumber="434">type</typeStatus>
locality, Zeng City, also called ‘
<emphasis id="B949EAAF44186B1DFC65FA9EB175FA9E" box="[942,1065,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="434">Zengcheng</emphasis>
’ in Chinese Pinyin, ‘
<emphasis id="B949EAAF44186B1DFADFFA9EB01BFA9F" box="[1300,1351,1375,1400]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="434">zeng</emphasis>
’ means plus or additional, referring to the additional lobe of superior volsella.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C327653644186B1DFF0CFA67B4E6F9CA" pageId="4" pageNumber="434" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B8236BD44186B1DFF0CFA67B4E6F9CA" blockId="4.[151,1437,1230,2019]" pageId="4" pageNumber="434">
<emphasis id="B949EAAF44186B1DFF0CFA67B41EFA27" bold="true" box="[199,322,1446,1472]" pageId="4" pageNumber="434">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Adult male. Scutum with large tubercle, digitus of superior volsella bearing inner tubercle with apical seta, median volsella short, with several setiform and spoon-shaped lamellae. Pupa. T III with paired, posterior wedge-shaped spine patches, T IV–V each with single, oval anteromedian spinule patch. Posterolateral comb on A VIII with 3–4 small teeth.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C327653644186B1EFF0CF9F7B740FE12" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="437" pageId="4" pageNumber="434" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B8236BD44186B1DFF0CF9F7B162F9B6" blockId="4.[151,1437,1230,2019]" box="[199,1086,1590,1617]" pageId="4" pageNumber="434">
<emphasis id="B949EAAF44186B1DFF0CF9F7B4C1F9B6" bold="true" box="[199,413,1590,1617]" pageId="4" pageNumber="434">Description. Male</emphasis>
(n = 2). Total length
<quantity id="4CC59B5844186B1DFD41F9F7B648F9B6" box="[650,788,1590,1617]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.55" metricValueMax="2.6" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="434" unit="mm" value="2.55" valueMax="2.6" valueMin="2.5">2.5–2.6 mm</quantity>
. Wing length
<quantity id="4CC59B5844186B1DFC64F9F7B165F9B6" box="[943,1081,1590,1617]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="4" pageNumber="434" unit="mm" value="1.45" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.4">1.4–1.5 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8236BD44186B1DFF0CF99AB5E3F95A" blockId="4.[151,1437,1230,2019]" pageId="4" pageNumber="434">
<emphasis id="B949EAAF44186B1DFF0CF99AB41EF992" box="[199,322,1627,1653]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="434">Coloration</emphasis>
. Body yellow; thorax light brown on scutal vittae and postnotum; T VI–VIII light brown. Wing with yellow undertone. All legs pale yellow except slightly darkened tibiae and sub-apices of femora; foretarsi brownish.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8236BD44186B1DFF0CF906B4D5F8CE" blockId="4.[151,1437,1230,2019]" pageId="4" pageNumber="434">
<emphasis id="B949EAAF44186B1DFF0CF906B457F906" box="[199,267,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="434">Head.</emphasis>
Temporals 8–10. Antenna with 13 flagellomeres; terminal flagellomere 324–375 μm long; AR 0.65–0.82. Frontal tubercles conical, 7–10 μm long. Lengths of palpomeres 2–5 (μm): 35–38, 90–95,100–105, 180–190. Clypeus with 20–24 setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8236BD44186B1DFF0CF8F2B1D6F8AA" blockId="4.[151,1437,1230,2019]" box="[199,1162,1842,1869]" pageId="4" pageNumber="434">
<emphasis id="B949EAAF44186B1DFF0CF8F2B444F8AA" box="[199,280,1843,1869]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="434">Thorax</emphasis>
. Ac 18–22, biserial; Dc 10–12; H absent; Pa 1; Scts 4–5. Scutal tubercle large.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8236BD44186B1DFF0CF896B4E8F896" blockId="4.[151,1437,1230,2019]" box="[199,436,1879,1905]" pageId="4" pageNumber="434">
<emphasis id="B949EAAF44186B1DFF0CF896B454F897" box="[199,264,1879,1904]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="434">Wing.</emphasis>
VR 1.16–1.20.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8236BD44186B1DFF0CF8BAB072F83A" blockId="4.[151,1437,1230,2019]" pageId="4" pageNumber="434">
<emphasis id="B949EAAF44186B1DFF0CF8BAB458F873" box="[199,260,1915,1940]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="434">Legs.</emphasis>
Foretibia with straight spur 10–12 μm long. Mid and hind tibiae with combs separated; comb spur 20–25 μm long in mid tibia and 25–30 μm long in hind tibia. Ratios of leg segments: LR
<subScript id="17B934F844186B1DFBE5F870B16AF858" attach="left" box="[1070,1078,1969,1983]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="434">1</subScript>
1.93–2.00, BV
<subScript id="17B934F844186B1DFB28F870B1B7F858" attach="left" box="[1251,1259,1969,1983]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="434">1</subScript>
1.70–1.75, SV
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1.33–1.41; LR
<subScript id="17B934F844186B1DFEF1F814B41EF804" attach="left" box="[314,322,2005,2019]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="434">2</subScript>
0.60–0.65, BV
<subScript id="17B934F844186B1DFE20F814B4AFF804" attach="left" box="[491,499,2005,2019]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="434">2</subScript>
3.63–3.73, SV
<subScript id="17B934F844186B1DFD57F814B7F8F804" attach="left" box="[668,676,2005,2019]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="434">2</subScript>
3.65–4.03; LR
<subScript id="17B934F844186B1DFC80F814B60FF804" attach="left" box="[843,851,2005,2019]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="434">3</subScript>
0.69–0.73, BV
<subScript id="17B934F844186B1DFC34F814B15BF804" attach="left" box="[1023,1031,2005,2019]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="434">3</subScript>
2.61–2.64, SV
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3.07–3.21.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8236BD44196B1CFF0CFF56B453FE6E" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,393]" pageId="5" pageNumber="435">
<emphasis id="B949EAAF44196B1CFF0CFF56B40AFF57" box="[199,342,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="435">Hypopygium</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13062A3844196B1CFEADFF56B49DFF56" box="[358,449,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1761,1785]" captionTargetBox="[158,1434,432,1727]" captionTargetId="figure-130@5.[151,1436,417,1737]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Paratanytarsus zengensis sp. n., male. A, Hypopygium, dorsal view; B, anal tergite with anal point; C, median volsella; D, superior volsella, ventral view. Scale: A–D, 25 µm" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4428068" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4428068/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="435">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
). Anal tergite bands separated, each distal end with 3–4 strong setae on basal tubercles; anal point rounded or evenly tapered distally; paired crests well developed (
<figureCitation id="13062A3844196B1CFC2CFF7AB163FF32" box="[999,1087,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1761,1785]" captionTargetBox="[158,1434,432,1727]" captionTargetId="figure-130@5.[151,1436,417,1737]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Paratanytarsus zengensis sp. n., male. A, Hypopygium, dorsal view; B, anal tergite with anal point; C, median volsella; D, superior volsella, ventral view. Scale: A–D, 25 µm" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4428068" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4428068/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="435">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
). Gonocoxite 90–100 μm long. Superior volsella (
<figureCitation id="13062A3844196B1CFEA3FF1EB49CFF1E" box="[360,448,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1761,1785]" captionTargetBox="[158,1434,432,1727]" captionTargetId="figure-130@5.[151,1436,417,1737]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Paratanytarsus zengensis sp. n., male. A, Hypopygium, dorsal view; B, anal tergite with anal point; C, median volsella; D, superior volsella, ventral view. Scale: A–D, 25 µm" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4428068" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4428068/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="435">Fig. 3D</figureCitation>
) rounded, with 4–5 dorsal and 4 inner marginal setae, without microtrichia; digitus robust, pointed apically, with inner tubercle bearing seta. Median volsella short, 15–20 μm long, not extending beyond superior volsella, with several setiform and spoon-shaped lamellae (
<figureCitation id="13062A3844196B1CFC5BFEE6B6B4FEA6" box="[912,1000,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1761,1785]" captionTargetBox="[158,1434,432,1727]" captionTargetId="figure-130@5.[151,1436,417,1737]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Paratanytarsus zengensis sp. n., male. A, Hypopygium, dorsal view; B, anal tergite with anal point; C, median volsella; D, superior volsella, ventral view. Scale: A–D, 25 µm" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4428068" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4428068/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="435">Fig. 3C</figureCitation>
). Inferior volsella apically swollen and rounded, with several recurved setae. Gonostylus 100–108 μm long, 4.0–4.6 times as long as broad at middle; HR 0.86–1.00.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF42663544196B1CFF5CF920B64EF8FA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4428068" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4428068" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4428068/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="435" startId="5.[151,250,1761,1785]" targetBox="[158,1434,432,1727]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="8B8236BD44196B1CFF5CF920B64EF8FA" blockId="5.[151,1437,1761,1821]" pageId="5" pageNumber="435">
<emphasis id="B949EAAF44196B1CFF5CF920B449F91E" bold="true" box="[151,277,1761,1785]" pageId="5" pageNumber="435">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D3E44196B1CFED6F923B77EF91E" authority="Li &amp; Tang, 2021" authorityName="Li &amp; Tang" authorityYear="2021" box="[285,546,1762,1785]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Paratanytarsus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="435" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zengensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B949EAAF44196B1CFED6F923B77EF91E" box="[285,546,1762,1785]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="435">Paratanytarsus zengensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B949EAAF44196B1CFDE0F920B739F91E" bold="true" box="[555,613,1761,1785]" pageId="5" pageNumber="435">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27A57D444196B1CFDE0F920B739F91E" box="[555,613,1761,1785]" pageId="5" pageNumber="435" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, male. A, Hypopygium, dorsal view; B, anal tergite with anal point; C, median volsella; D, superior volsella, ventral view. Scale: A–D, 25 µm
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B8236BD44196B1CFF0CF88AB7DEF881" blockId="5.[151,1437,1867,2038]" box="[199,642,1867,1894]" pageId="5" pageNumber="435">
<emphasis id="B949EAAF44196B1CFF0CF88AB459F882" bold="true" box="[199,261,1867,1893]" pageId="5" pageNumber="435">Pupa</emphasis>
(n = 2). Total length
<quantity id="4CC59B5844196B1CFE3FF88AB722F881" box="[500,638,1867,1894]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="3.1" pageId="5" pageNumber="435" unit="mm" value="3.3" valueMax="3.5" valueMin="3.1">3.1–3.5 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8236BD44196B1CFF0CF8AEB19BF86E" blockId="5.[151,1437,1867,2038]" box="[199,1223,1903,1930]" pageId="5" pageNumber="435">
<emphasis id="B949EAAF44196B1CFF0CF8AEB41EF86E" box="[199,322,1903,1929]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="435">Coloration</emphasis>
. Mostly pale brown; T IV–V each with dark, oval anteromedial spinule patches.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8236BD44196B1CFF0CF852B021F811" blockId="5.[151,1437,1867,2038]" pageId="5" pageNumber="435">
<emphasis id="B949EAAF44196B1CFF0CF852B433F84A" box="[199,367,1939,1965]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="435">Cephalothorax</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13062A3844196B1CFEB5F852B485F84A" box="[382,473,1939,1965]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[265,1317,192,1910]" captionTargetId="figure-17@6.[252,1335,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Paratanytarsus zengensis sp. n., pupa. A, Cephalothorax, lateral view; B, abdomen, dorsal view; C, anal comb of abdominal segment VIII, dorsal view. Scale: A–B, 100 µm; C, 25 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4428070" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4428070/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="435">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
). Frontal setae 100–150 μm long, ca twice as long as distance between them. Thoracic horn 300–360 μm long, with short setae. Antepronotals 2; precorneals 3, including 1 strong and 2 weak setae. Dosocentrals 4, all simple, 50–75 μm long. Prealar tubercle present. Wing sheath with low nose; pearl row present.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF426635441A6B1FFF5CF859B601F832" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4428070" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4428070" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4428070/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="436" startId="6.[151,250,1944,1968]" targetBox="[265,1317,192,1910]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="8B8236BD441A6B1FFF5CF859B601F832" blockId="6.[151,1436,1944,2005]" pageId="6" pageNumber="436">
<emphasis id="B949EAAF441A6B1FFF5CF859B44FF857" bold="true" box="[151,275,1944,1968]" pageId="6" pageNumber="436">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D3E441A6B1FFED1F858B742F857" authority="Li &amp; Tang, 2021" authorityName="Li &amp; Tang" authorityYear="2021" box="[282,542,1945,1968]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Paratanytarsus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="436" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zengensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B949EAAF441A6B1FFED1F858B742F857" box="[282,542,1945,1968]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="436">Paratanytarsus zengensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B949EAAF441A6B1FFDEEF859B702F857" bold="true" box="[549,606,1944,1968]" pageId="6" pageNumber="436">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27A57D4441A6B1FFDEEF859B702F857" box="[549,606,1944,1968]" pageId="6" pageNumber="436" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
, pupa. A, Cephalothorax, lateral view; B, abdomen, dorsal view; C, anal comb of abdominal segment VIII, dorsal view. Scale: A–B, 100 µm; C, 25 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B8236BD441B6B1EFF0CFF56B01AFE36" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1185]" pageId="7" pageNumber="437">
<emphasis id="B949EAAF441B6B1EFF0CFF56B46DFF56" box="[199,305,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="437">Abdomen</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="13062A38441B6B1EFE8BFF56B4C5FF56" box="[320,409,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[265,1317,192,1910]" captionTargetId="figure-17@6.[252,1335,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Paratanytarsus zengensis sp. n., pupa. A, Cephalothorax, lateral view; B, abdomen, dorsal view; C, anal comb of abdominal segment VIII, dorsal view. Scale: A–B, 100 µm; C, 25 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4428070" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4428070/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="437">Fig. 4B</figureCitation>
). T I and VIII without spinulation. T II with extensive spinulation; paired, rectangular point patches present posteriorly. Hook row
<quantity id="4CC59B58441B6B1EFD83FF7BB78BFF32" box="[584,727,186,213]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.475" metricValueMax="2.65" metricValueMin="2.3" pageId="7" pageNumber="437" unit="mm" value="247.5" valueMax="265.0" valueMin="230.0">230–265 µm</quantity>
long, 0.62–0.65 times as long as segment width, with 120–150 hooklets. Pedes spurii A absent, pedes spurii B distinct on A II.T III anteriorly bare, posteriorly with paired, curved or wedge-shaped patches of 55–70 slender spines, 75–95 μm long. T IV–V each with single, oval anteromedian spinule patch bearing anterior neck; paired, elongated point patches posterior to anteromedian patch on TV. T VI with one anteromedian and paired, longitudinally elongated median point patches. T VII with paired point patches only. T IX with paired, weak anterolateral point patches. Posterolateral comb (
<figureCitation id="13062A38441B6B1EFC1FFEAEB177FE6E" box="[980,1067,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[265,1317,192,1910]" captionTargetId="figure-17@6.[252,1335,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Paratanytarsus zengensis sp. n., pupa. A, Cephalothorax, lateral view; B, abdomen, dorsal view; C, anal comb of abdominal segment VIII, dorsal view. Scale: A–B, 100 µm; C, 25 µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4428070" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4428070/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="437">Fig. 4C</figureCitation>
) of A VIII with 3–4 small teeth. Number of Lt-setae on A IV–VIII: 2, 3, 4, 4, 5, respectively. Anal lobe 130–150 μm long, anal lobe ratio 1.24–1.50, with one dorsal seta and fringe of 24–26 taeniae; male genital sac 90 μm long, extending beyond anal lobe.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8236BD441B6B1EFF0CFE1AB740FE12" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1185]" box="[199,540,475,501]" pageId="7" pageNumber="437">
<emphasis id="B949EAAF441B6B1EFF0CFE1AB4C3FE12" bold="true" box="[199,415,475,501]" pageId="7" pageNumber="437">Female and larva.</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3276536441B6B1EFF0CFE3FB484FBBE" pageId="7" pageNumber="437" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B8236BD441B6B1EFF0CFE3FB701FCBA" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1185]" pageId="7" pageNumber="437">
<emphasis id="B949EAAF441B6B1EFF0CFE3FB410FDFF" bold="true" box="[199,332,510,536]" pageId="7" pageNumber="437">Discussion.</emphasis>
The male of
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D3E441B6B1EFE28FE3EB65EFDFF" authority="Li &amp; Tang, 2021" authorityName="Li &amp; Tang" authorityYear="2021" box="[483,770,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Paratanytarsus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="437" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zengensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B949EAAF441B6B1EFE28FE3EB65EFDFF" box="[483,770,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="437">Paratanytarsus zengensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B949EAAF441B6B1EFCC2FE3EB615FDFE" bold="true" box="[777,841,511,537]" pageId="7" pageNumber="437">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27A57D4441B6B1EFCC2FE3EB615FDFE" box="[777,841,511,537]" pageId="7" pageNumber="437" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
will not key past couplet
<quantity id="4CC59B58441B6B1EFBA7FE3EB1CBFDFE" box="[1132,1175,511,537]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="7" pageNumber="437" unit="in" value="2.0">2 in</quantity>
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC4B4C441B6B1EFB55FE3EB0CBFDFE" author="Cranston, P. S. &amp; Dillon, M. E. &amp; Pinder, L. C. V." box="[1182,1431,511,537]" pageId="7" pageNumber="437" pagination="353 - 502" refId="ref4038" refString="Cranston, P. S., Dillon, M. E. &amp; Pinder, L. C. V. (1989) 10. The adult males of Chironominae (Diptera: Chironomidae) of the Holarctic region-Keys and diagnoses. In: Wiederholm, T. (Ed.), Chironomidae of the Holarctic region - Keys and diagnoses. Part 3. Adults. Entomologica scandinavica, 34 (Supplement), pp. 353 - 502." type="journal article" year="1989">
Cranston
<emphasis id="B949EAAF441B6B1EFAC0FE3EB060FDFE" box="[1291,1340,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="437">et al</emphasis>
. (1989)
</bibRefCitation>
, because of the combination of the robust digitus, the apically rounded anal point and the large scutal tubercle. The male is somewhat similar to that of
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D3E441B6B1EFDAFFD86B6EDFD86" authority="Reiss &amp; Sawedal" authorityName="Reiss &amp; Sawedal" authorityYear="1981" box="[612,945,583,609]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Paratanytarsus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="437" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="koreanus">
<emphasis id="B949EAAF441B6B1EFDAFFD86B7BBFD86" box="[612,743,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="437">P. koreanus</emphasis>
Reiss &amp; Säwedal
</taxonomicName>
of the
<emphasis id="B949EAAF441B6B1EFBC8FD86B10BFD86" box="[1027,1111,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="437">kaszabi</emphasis>
group in the anal point with a rounded apex, the sharply pointed digitus with a setiferous inner tubercle, and the short median volsella, barely reaching the apex of superior volsella, with spoon-shaped setae, but the distinctively structured digitus resembles the so-called “
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D3E441B6B1EFEF7FD72B48EFD2B" box="[316,466,691,716]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Micropsectra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="437" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B949EAAF441B6B1EFEF7FD72B48EFD2B" box="[316,466,691,716]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="437">Micropsectra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-seta” which is known from several close genera of the
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<emphasis id="B949EAAF441B6B1EFB85FD72B1B8FD2B" box="[1102,1252,691,716]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="437">Micropsectra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
series (
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC4B4C441B6B1EFAF7FD72B58EFD16" author="Sawedal, L." pageId="7" pageNumber="437" pagination="371 - 400" refId="ref4784" refString="Sawedal, L. (1982) Taxonomy, morphology, phylogenetic relationships and distribution of Micropsectra Kieffer, 1909 (Diptera: Chironomidae). Entomologica scandinavica, 13, 371 - 400. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 187631282 X 00228" type="journal article" year="1982">Säwedal 1982</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC4B4C441B6B1EFF14FD16B753FD16" author="Gilka, W. &amp; Jazdzewska, N." box="[223,527,727,753]" pageId="7" pageNumber="437" pagination="1 - 21" refId="ref4344" refString="Gilka, W. &amp; Jazdzewska, N. (2010) A systematic review of the genus Parapsectra Reiss (Diptera: Chironomidae: Tanytarsini) with description of a new species from Poland. Zootaxa, 2350 (1), 1 - 21. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2350.1.1" type="journal article" year="2010">Giłka &amp; Jażdżewska 2010</bibRefCitation>
). A location/arrangement of the seta, digitus, and superior volsella in
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D3E441B6B1EFAE0FD16B412FCF3" authorityName="Li &amp; Tang" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Paratanytarsus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="437" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zengensis">
<emphasis id="B949EAAF441B6B1EFAE0FD16B412FCF3" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="437">Paratanytarsus zengensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, with the seta and its tubercle distinctly moved from base of the volsella towards the digitus apex differs, however, from those in other members of this heteromorhic genus (cf.
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC4B4C441B6B1EFBC2FCDEB1D5FCDE" author="Gilka, W." box="[1033,1161,799,825]" pageId="7" pageNumber="437" refId="ref4212" refString="Gilka, W. (2009) Order Diptera, family Chironomidae, tribe Tanytarsini. In: H. H. Sheikh Tahnoon Bin Zayed Al Nahyan (pa- tron). In: van Harten, A. (Ed.), Arthropod fauna of the United Arab Emirates. Vol. 2. Dar Al Ummah Printing, Publishing, Distribution &amp; Advertising, Abu Dhabi, pp. 667 - 682." type="book" year="2009">Giłka 2009</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC4B4C441B6B1EFB5EFCDEB0CCFCDE" author="Gilka, W. &amp; Dobosz, R." box="[1173,1424,798,825]" pageId="7" pageNumber="437" pagination="127 - 135" refId="ref4289" refString="Gilka, W. &amp; Dobosz, R. (2015) A contribution to the systematics of Australasian Tanytarsini (Diptera: Chironomidae): first descriptions from New Caledonia. Zootaxa, 3980 (1), 127 - 135. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3980.1.7" type="journal article" year="2015">Giłka &amp; Dobosz 2015</bibRefCitation>
), being thus defined as the unique feature.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8236BD441B6B1EFF0CFCA6B484FBBE" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1185]" pageId="7" pageNumber="437">
Because of the T IV without lateral longitudinal spine or spinule patches and the T V with paired, weak lateral longitudinal point patches, the pupa will not key past to couplet
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAC4B4C441B6B1EFC61FC4AB1F0FC41" author="Pinder, L. C. V. &amp; Reiss, F." box="[938,1196,907,934]" pageId="7" pageNumber="437" pagination="299 - 456" refId="ref4618" refString="Pinder, L. C. V. &amp; Reiss, F. (1986) 10. The pupae of Chironominae (Diptera: Chironomidae) of the Holarctic region-Keys and diagnoses. In: Wiederholm, T. (Ed.), Chironomidae of the Holarctic region-Keys and diagnoses. Part 2. Pupae. Entomologica scandinavica, 28, (Supplement), pp. 299 - 456." type="journal article" year="1986">Pinder &amp; Reiss (1986)</bibRefCitation>
. The pupa somewhat resembles that of
<taxonomicName id="4C3D4D3E441B6B1EFE96FC6EB777FC2D" authority="(Meigen)" baseAuthorityName="Meigen" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[349,555,943,970]" class="Insecta" family="Chironomidae" genus="Paratanytarsus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="437" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenuis">
<emphasis id="B949EAAF441B6B1EFE96FC6EB4E0FC2F" box="[349,444,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="437">P. tenuis</emphasis>
(Meigen)
</taxonomicName>
in the abdominal spinulation, but differs in the well-developed, largely setiferous thoracic horn, the T III with wedge-shaped, large posterior spine patches, and T VI–VII with paired longitudinal point patches. According to
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC4B4C441B6B1EFE06FC36B788FBF6" author="Reiss, F. &amp; Sawedal, L." box="[461,724,1015,1041]" pageId="7" pageNumber="437" pagination="73 - 104" refId="ref4691" refString="Reiss, F. &amp; Sawedal, L. (1981) Keys to males and pupae of the Palaearctic (excl. Japan) Paratanytarsus Thienemann &amp; Bause, 1913, n. comb., with descriptions of three new species (Diptera: Chironomidae). Entomologica scandinavica, 15 (Supplement), 73 - 104." type="journal article" year="1981">Reiss &amp; Säwedal (1981</bibRefCitation>
, fig.31) and
<bibRefCitation id="EFAC4B4C441B6B1EFC95FC36B130FBF6" author="Langton, P. H. &amp; Visser, H." box="[862,1132,1015,1041]" pageId="7" pageNumber="437" refId="ref4507" refString="Langton, P. H. &amp; Visser, H. (2003) Chironomidae exuviae-a key to pupal exuviae of the West Palaearctic Region. World Biodiversity Database. Expert Center for Taxonomic Information, Amsterdam. [CD-ROM Series]" type="book" year="2003">Langton &amp; Visser (2003</bibRefCitation>
, figs. 132e, f), the latter has small and largely bare thoracic horns, oval and relatively small posterior spine patches on T III, and no longitudinal point patch on the T VI–VII.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3276536441B6B1EFF0CFBA3B1DDFB46" pageId="7" pageNumber="437" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8B8236BD441B6B1EFF0CFBA3B1DDFB46" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,1185]" pageId="7" pageNumber="437">
<emphasis id="B949EAAF441B6B1EFF0CFBA3B4E6FB9A" bold="true" box="[199,442,1122,1149]" pageId="7" pageNumber="437">Biology and ecology.</emphasis>
In the cold seasons, the specimens were collected from two mountain streams with depth no more than
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, water temperature 13.1–18.9℃, and dissolved oxygen
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/l.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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