187 lines
20 KiB
XML
187 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document id="51ACB10FECC7F8CA7BD6B91EEECC8A3D" ID-DOI="10.2478/vzoo-2014-0029" ID-ISSN="2073-2333" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6453101" IM.metadata_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_requiresApprovalFor="plazi" checkinTime="1649776632169" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Koretsky, I. A., Rahmat, S. J. & Peters, N." docDate="2014" docId="6177FD75FFCAFFEBE8AD3228C9DF9CD1" docLanguage="en" docName="VestnikZoologii.48.3.255-268.pdf" docOrigin="Vestnik Zoologii 48 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/vzoo-2014-0029" docStyle="DocumentStyle:9FE6554C034D0A4D8EA9CEAE255F4368.2:VestnikZoologii.2014-2019.journal_article" docStyleId="9FE6554C034D0A4D8EA9CEAE255F4368" docStyleName="VestnikZoologii.2014-2019.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Cystophora cristata Erxleben 1777" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="260" masterDocId="9D4E850DFFCEFFEEE80B3667CA68986B" masterDocTitle="Remarks On Correlations And Implications Of The Mandibular Structure And Diet In Some Seals (Mammalia, Phocidae)" masterLastPageNumber="268" masterPageNumber="255" pageNumber="259" updateTime="1699318749414" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="82B273BEE3CC702445EC7837F2F4D217">Remarks On Correlations And Implications Of The Mandibular Structure And Diet In Some Seals (Mammalia, Phocidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E67C5BA0436E2C3A6DF0958E5076CD8F">Koretsky, I. A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="AB8B8D619A673712EE24ADEB216D1532">Rahmat, S. J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="3B0A628060E7C9A266BD910A4C813D46">Peters, N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="3C9A32B9FA309D29714AD8F2F5E78637">Vestnik Zoologii</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="11D31BA4BB0D2088AF7E3C43CFAB19B5">
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<mods:date id="B83BD2BF7B83917F8E3B9BAF3FC3561C">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="6AB505A732C69B58CD6A2618C9B4BDA9">2014-07-17</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="9615B6F3E03EFED5A1FBF3821DB61815">48</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="C8E755C60E8D96491E9B9C47348CC87F">http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/vzoo-2014-0029</mods:url>
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<mods:identifier id="0B6F98F11FA7E9F7B505D7345ABB0B47" type="DOI">10.2478/vzoo-2014-0029</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="D28825DC95F7E49DC35B192D136389BC" type="ISSN">2073-2333</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="6177FD75FFCAFFEBE8AD3228C9DF9CD1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6177FD75FFCAFFEBE8AD3228C9DF9CD1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6177FD75FFCAFFEBE8AD3228C9DF9CD1" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="260" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">
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<subSubSection id="A1C41FE8FFCAFFEAE8AD3228C9109DC1" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="E9614C63FFCAFFEAE8AD3228C89F9C01" blockId="4.[166,759,1103,1130]" box="[166,759,1103,1130]" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">
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<heading id="B229FB0FFFCAFFEAE8AD3228C89F9C01" box="[166,759,1103,1130]" fontSize="36" level="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" reason="3">
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<taxonomicName id="2EDE37E0FFCAFFEAE8AD3228C82F9C01" authority="Erxleben, 1777" authorityName="Erxleben" authorityYear="1777" box="[166,583,1103,1130]" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Sargassaceae" genus="Cystophora" kingdom="Chromista" order="Fucales" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="cristata">
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<emphasis id="DBAA9071FFCAFFEAE8AD3228CBFB9C02" bold="true" box="[166,403,1103,1130]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">Cystophora cristata</emphasis>
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Erxleben, 1777
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation id="71E550E6FFCAFFEAEA5C3228C8FA9C01" box="[599,658,1103,1130]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[174,207,975,997]" captionTargetBox="[285,1165,184,935]" captionTargetId="figure-303@5.[272,1178,174,960]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 3. Subfamily Cystophorinae: left mandible of Cystophora cristata: A— °, NMNH 269130, reversed; B — ♀, NMNH 188956, in labial views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6453107" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6453107/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">fig. 3</figureCitation>
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, table 1)
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E9614C63FFCAFFEAE8D032E8C9109DC1" blockId="4.[166,1225,1167,1834]" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">
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The mandibular ramus is considerably superior to the tooth row, directed posterodorsally and is slightly wider than the body. The posterior border of the coronoid process takes on a hook-shape and slopes slightly toward the condyloid process in both sexes. The condyloid process is located slightly superior to the level of the mandibular notch in females, while in males it is significantly higher (black arrows in
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<figureCitation id="71E550E6FFCAFFEAEC1A3368CE259D41" box="[1041,1101,1295,1322]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[174,207,975,997]" captionTargetBox="[285,1165,184,935]" captionTargetId="figure-303@5.[272,1178,174,960]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 3. Subfamily Cystophorinae: left mandible of Cystophora cristata: A— °, NMNH 269130, reversed; B — ♀, NMNH 188956, in labial views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6453107" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6453107/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">fig. 3</figureCitation>
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). Overall, the mandibular notch is considerably wider in males than in females. A relatively small depression is present on the caudal border of the ramus (
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<figureCitation id="71E550E6FFCAFFEAEB693328C9CA9D01" box="[866,930,1359,1386]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[174,207,975,997]" captionTargetBox="[285,1165,184,935]" captionTargetId="figure-303@5.[272,1178,174,960]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 3. Subfamily Cystophorinae: left mandible of Cystophora cristata: A— °, NMNH 269130, reversed; B — ♀, NMNH 188956, in labial views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6453107" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6453107/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">fig. 3</figureCitation>
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). The angular process is rather weak, creating a distinctly smooth and rounded mandibular angle. The condyloid angle (
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<emphasis id="DBAA9071FFCAFFEAE8FD33E8CB619DC2" box="[246,265,1423,1449]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">°</emphasis>
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33° and
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<emphasis id="DBAA9071FFCAFFEAE96333EACB139DC1" box="[360,379,1421,1450]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">
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<specimenCount id="FFD887EAFFCAFFEAE96333EACB139DC1" box="[360,379,1421,1450]" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
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</emphasis>
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28°; table 1) is wide and shows a large gape.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A1C41FE8FFCAFFEBE8D033C8C9DF9CD1" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="260" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" type="description">
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<paragraph id="E9614C63FFCAFFEAE8D033C8C9029E81" blockId="4.[166,1225,1167,1834]" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">
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The masseteric fossa is less distinctly outlined than that of female
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<taxonomicName id="2EDE37E0FFCAFFEAEBBA33D7CEAA9DA2" authorityName="Gill" authorityYear="1866" box="[945,1218,1456,1481]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Mirounga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="angustirostris">
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<emphasis id="DBAA9071FFCAFFEAEBBA33D7CEAA9DA2" box="[945,1218,1456,1481]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">Mirounga angustirostris</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and the width measures approximately the same (
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<quantity id="2E26E186FFCAFFEAEB1B33A8C90D9D81" box="[784,869,1487,1514]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" unit="cm" value="4.5">4.5 cm</quantity>
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in both sexes of
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<taxonomicName id="2EDE37E0FFCAFFEAEC4E33A8CA939E62" authorityName="Erxleben" authorityYear="1777" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Sargassaceae" genus="Cystophora" kingdom="Chromista" order="Fucales" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="cristata">
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<emphasis id="DBAA9071FFCAFFEAEC4E33A8CA939E62" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">Cystophora cristata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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), even though the overall size of the body is much smaller. Like in
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<taxonomicName id="2EDE37E0FFCAFFEAEC0B3397CEAA9E62" authorityName="Gill" authorityYear="1866" box="[1024,1218,1520,1545]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Mirounga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="angustirostris">
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<emphasis id="DBAA9071FFCAFFEAEC0B3397CEAA9E62" box="[1024,1218,1520,1545]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">M. angustirostris</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, the fossa seems to extend the entire length of the ramus (
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<figureCitation id="71E550E6FFCAFFEAEB6B3068C9C89E41" box="[864,928,1551,1578]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[174,207,975,997]" captionTargetBox="[285,1165,184,935]" captionTargetId="figure-303@5.[272,1178,174,960]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 3. Subfamily Cystophorinae: left mandible of Cystophora cristata: A— °, NMNH 269130, reversed; B — ♀, NMNH 188956, in labial views." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6453107" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6453107/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">fig. 3</figureCitation>
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). The masseteric fossa is relatively smooth in the middle, with no obvious significant ridges or grooves for muscle attachment. The
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<taxonomicName id="2EDE37E0FFCAFFEAE9663037CB8B9E02" authorityName="Erxleben" authorityYear="1777" box="[365,483,1616,1642]" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Sargassaceae" genus="Cystophora" kingdom="Chromista" order="Fucales" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="cristata">
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<emphasis id="DBAA9071FFCAFFEAE9663037CB8B9E02" box="[365,483,1616,1642]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">C. cristata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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coronoid process is much narrower, especially towards the base, but the height is approximately the same as that of female
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<taxonomicName id="2EDE37E0FFCAFFEAEB433017CE629EE2" authorityName="Gill" authorityYear="1866" box="[840,1034,1648,1673]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Mirounga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="angustirostris">
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<emphasis id="DBAA9071FFCAFFEAEB433017CE629EE2" box="[840,1034,1648,1673]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">M. angustirostris</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. The overall size of the
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<taxonomicName id="2EDE37E0FFCAFFEAE8E630F7CB099EC2" authorityName="Erxleben" authorityYear="1777" box="[237,353,1680,1706]" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Sargassaceae" genus="Cystophora" kingdom="Chromista" order="Fucales" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="cristata">
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<emphasis id="DBAA9071FFCAFFEAE8E630F7CB099EC2" box="[237,353,1680,1706]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">C. cristata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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mandible is smaller than that of male and female
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<taxonomicName id="2EDE37E0FFCAFFEAEB9E30F7CE3E9EC2" authorityName="Gill" authorityYear="1866" box="[917,1110,1680,1705]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Mirounga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="angustirostris">
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<emphasis id="DBAA9071FFCAFFEAEB9E30F7CE3E9EC2" box="[917,1110,1680,1705]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">M. angustirostris</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, and both the masseter and temporalis muscle attachments are weaker and less defined in
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<taxonomicName id="2EDE37E0FFCAFFEAEC4730D7CEA99EA2" authorityName="Erxleben" authorityYear="1777" box="[1100,1217,1712,1738]" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Sargassaceae" genus="Cystophora" kingdom="Chromista" order="Fucales" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="cristata">
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<emphasis id="DBAA9071FFCAFFEAEC4730D7CEA99EA2" box="[1100,1217,1712,1738]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">C. cristata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Similar to
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<taxonomicName id="2EDE37E0FFCAFFEAE91430B7CBFA9E82" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1827" box="[287,402,1744,1769]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Mirounga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="DBAA9071FFCAFFEAE91430B7CBFA9E82" box="[287,402,1744,1769]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">Mirounga</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, the
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<taxonomicName id="2EDE37E0FFCAFFEAE9C130B7C8289E82" authorityName="Erxleben" authorityYear="1777" box="[458,576,1744,1770]" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Sargassaceae" genus="Cystophora" kingdom="Chromista" order="Fucales" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="cristata">
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<emphasis id="DBAA9071FFCAFFEAE9C130B7C8289E82" box="[458,576,1744,1770]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">C. cristata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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mandible has weak teeth.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E9614C63FFCAFFEAE8D03088CEA09F41" blockId="4.[166,1225,1167,1834]" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">
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The stomach content of hooded seals (
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<taxonomicName id="2EDE37E0FFCAFFEAEAA23097C94A9F62" authorityName="Erxleben" authorityYear="1777" box="[681,802,1776,1802]" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Sargassaceae" genus="Cystophora" kingdom="Chromista" order="Fucales" pageId="4" pageNumber="259" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="cristata">
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<emphasis id="DBAA9071FFCAFFEAEAA23097C94A9F62" box="[681,802,1776,1802]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">C. cristata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) describes diets consists of halibut,
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<collectingCountry id="91C90CF3FFCAFFEAE8AD3168CB4B9F41" box="[166,291,1807,1834]" name="Greenland" pageId="4" pageNumber="259">Greenland</collectingCountry>
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cod, herring, flounder, octopus, shrimp, squid and mussels (Kovacs, Lavigne,
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="BDA11CEBFFCBFFEBE8A535A8CBB59B94" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6453107" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6453107" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6453107/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" startId="5.[174,207,975,997]" targetBox="[285,1165,184,935]" targetPageId="5">
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<paragraph id="E9614C63FFCBFFEBE8A535A8CBB59B94" blockId="5.[174,1232,973,1023]" pageId="5" pageNumber="260">
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Fig. 3. Subfamily
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<taxonomicName id="2EDE37E0FFCBFFEBE95835A8CB8C9B8E" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1866" box="[339,484,975,997]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Cystophorinae">Cystophorinae</taxonomicName>
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: left mandible of
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<taxonomicName id="2EDE37E0FFCBFFEBEA8235A8C9299B8E" authorityName="Erxleben" authorityYear="1777" box="[649,833,975,997]" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Sargassaceae" genus="Cystophora" kingdom="Chromista" order="Fucales" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="cristata">
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<emphasis id="DBAA9071FFCBFFEBEA8235A8C9299B8E" box="[649,833,975,997]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="260">Cystophora cristata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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:
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<emphasis id="DBAA9071FFCBFFEBEB4735A8C9EE9B8F" box="[844,902,975,997]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="260">A— °</emphasis>
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, NMNH 269130, reversed;
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<emphasis id="DBAA9071FFCBFFEBEC8635A8CEA29B8F" box="[1165,1226,973,997]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="260">B — ♀</emphasis>
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, NMNH 188956, in labial views.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph id="E9614C63FFCBFFEBE8A53273C8149C2E" blockId="5.[173,1233,1044,1093]" pageId="5" pageNumber="260">
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Рис. 3. Подсемейство
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<taxonomicName id="2EDE37E0FFCBFFEBE98C3273C8709C41" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1866" box="[391,536,1044,1066]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="5" pageNumber="267" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Cystophorinae">Cystophorinae</taxonomicName>
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: левая челюсть
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2EDE37E0FFCBFFEBEAB93273C9019C41" authorityName="Erxleben" authorityYear="1777" box="[690,873,1044,1066]" class="Phaeophyceae" family="Sargassaceae" genus="Cystophora" kingdom="Chromista" order="Fucales" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" phylum="Ochrophyta" rank="species" species="cristata">
|
||
<emphasis id="DBAA9071FFCBFFEBEAB93273C9019C41" box="[690,873,1044,1066]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="260">Cystophora cristata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis id="DBAA9071FFCBFFEBEB7F3273C9D89C42" box="[884,944,1044,1066]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="260">А — °</emphasis>
|
||
, NMNH 269130, развёрнута;
|
||
<emphasis id="DBAA9071FFCBFFEBE8A63248CABF9C2E" box="[173,215,1071,1093]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="260">B —</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="59B6463EFFCBFFEBE8D6324AC8119C2E" box="[221,633,1069,1093]" collectionCode="NMNH" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" specimenCode="NMNH 188956" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="DBAA9071FFCBFFEBE8D6324ACA849C2F" box="[221,236,1069,1092]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="260">
|
||
<specimenCount id="FFD887EAFFCBFFEBE8D6324ACA849C2F" box="[221,236,1069,1092]" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCode id="B978E418FFCBFFEBE8FC3248CBE79C2E" box="[247,399,1071,1093]" collectionCode="NMNH" country="USA" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/142r-0w94" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" type="Museum">NMNH 188956</specimenCode>
|
||
, вид с губной стороны
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E9614C63FFCBFFEBE8A53218C9DF9CD1" blockId="5.[174,1233,1151,1210]" pageId="5" pageNumber="260">
|
||
1986). The average diving depth of young pups is
|
||
<quantity id="2E26E186FFCBFFEBEAEC3218C9499CF1" box="[743,801,1151,1178]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" unit="m" value="75.0">75 m</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8D4F3192FFCBFFEBEB253218C9939CF1" author="Scholander, P. J. Experimental" box="[814,1019,1151,1178]" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" refId="ref9135" refString="Scholander, P. J. Experimental investigations of the Respiratory Functions in Diving Mammals and Birds // Hvalradets Skrifter. - 1940. - 22. - 131 p." type="book" year="1940">Scholander, 1940</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) while adults have been known to dive to
|
||
<quantity id="2E26E186FFCBFFEBE9B132F8C86B9CD1" box="[442,515,1183,1210]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" unit="m" value="180.0">180 m</quantity>
|
||
in order to obtain food (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="8D4F3192FFCBFFEBEB2E32F8C9C39CD1" author="King, J. E. Seals of the" box="[805,939,1183,1210]" pageId="5" pageNumber="260" refId="ref8619" refString="King, J. E. Seals of the World. - Ithaca; New York: Cornell University Press, 1983. - 240 p." type="book" year="1983">King, 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |