241 lines
32 KiB
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241 lines
32 KiB
XML
<document id="3A701DF95F7EF004BAB5C73F86B338AA" ID-CLB-Dataset="27726" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4539.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e7c7a589-9f74-4546-9a7b-c3192b9659e5" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="2615911" ID-ZooBank="2C72727B-79C5-407F-BD92-B12F98196800" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1553789058718" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Mah, Christopher L." docDate="2018" docId="193787A0FFE7FF9AF4CBFD394055CD6C" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4539.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4539 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Anthenoides Perrier 1881" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="6" masterDocId="E50EFFD8FFE2FF9FF45CFFC04464CA17" masterDocTitle="New genera, species and occurrence records of Goniasteridae (Asteroidea; Echinodermata) from the Indian Ocean" masterLastPageNumber="116" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="6" updateTime="1698715174966" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="90D7D1D09E84FFEBD442A6C8F3C21295">New genera, species and occurrence records of Goniasteridae (Asteroidea; Echinodermata) from the Indian Ocean</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A28D86D27E58F8A11F5CB9E51FB7B061">Mah, Christopher L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:part id="116E6C46C10F97B8F9FCA62B9669D540">
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<mods:date id="390D25AC91301B43DE536B54C4D45541">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="CA5F8DBF5BF9AFC2F44678482AA293E0">2018-12-21</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="FCF500131571F64C3DEA59E268F2998D">4539</mods:number>
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<treatment id="193787A0FFE7FF9AF4CBFD394055CD6C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5990689" ID-GBIF-Taxon="154521935" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5990689" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:193787A0FFE7FF9AF4CBFD394055CD6C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/193787A0FFE7FF9AF4CBFD394055CD6C" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<subSubSection id="D984653DFFE7FF9AF4CBFD394078C963" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="912136B6FFE7FF9AF4CBFD3945B7C904" blockId="5.[151,467,761,787]" box="[151,467,761,787]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<heading id="CA6981DAFFE7FF9AF4CBFD3945B7C904" bold="true" box="[151,467,761,787]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="569E4D35FFE7FF9AF4CBFD3945B7C904" ID-CoL="7NP87" authority="Perrier 1881" authorityName="Perrier" authorityYear="1881" box="[151,467,761,787]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Anthenoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="A3EAEAA4FFE7FF9AF4CBFD3945B7C904" bold="true" box="[151,467,761,787]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<emphasis id="A3EAEAA4FFE7FF9AF4CBFD39454AC904" bold="true" box="[151,302,761,787]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Anthenoides</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="F50F4B47FFE7FF9AF569FD3945B7C904" author="Perrier, E." box="[309,467,761,787]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 31" refId="ref73631" refString="Perrier, E. (1881) Report on the Results of dredging in the Gulf of Mexico and in the Caribbean Sea, 1877 - 79, by the United States Coastal Survey Steamer Blake. 14. Description sommaire des especes nouvelles d'Asteries. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, 9, 1 - 31." type="journal article" year="1881">Perrier 1881</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="912136B6FFE7FF9AF4CBFC804078C963" blockId="5.[151,1436,832,946]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<bibRefCitation id="F50F4B47FFE7FF9AF4CBFC80457CC941" author="Perrier, E." box="[151,280,832,854]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 31" refId="ref73631" refString="Perrier, E. (1881) Report on the Results of dredging in the Gulf of Mexico and in the Caribbean Sea, 1877 - 79, by the United States Coastal Survey Steamer Blake. 14. Description sommaire des especes nouvelles d'Asteries. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, 9, 1 - 31." type="journal article" year="1881">Perrier 1881</bibRefCitation>
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: 23; 1884: 246;
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<bibRefCitation id="F50F4B47FFE7FF9AF5E2FC814624C941" author="Macan, T. T." box="[446,576,832,854]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="324 - 432" refId="ref71993" refString="Macan, T. T. (1938) Asteroidea. British Museum of Natural History, John Murray Expedition 1933 - 34, Scientific Reports, IV (9), 324 - 432." type="journal article" year="1938">Macan 1938</bibRefCitation>
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: 401;
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<bibRefCitation id="F50F4B47FFE7FF9AF622FC804748C941" author="Bernasconi, I." box="[638,812,832,854]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 25" refId="ref68310" refString="Bernasconi, I. (1963) Asteroideos argentinos. 4. Familia Goniasteridae. Revista Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales Bernardino Rivadavia. Zoologia, 9 (1), 1 - 25, pls. 1 - 5." type="journal article" year="1963">Bernasconi 1963</bibRefCitation>
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: 20;
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<bibRefCitation id="F50F4B47FFE7FF9AF702FC804788C941" author="Halpern, J. A." box="[862,1004,832,854]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="193 - 286" refId="ref70647" refString="Halpern, J. A. (1970) Goniasteridae (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) of the Straits of Florida. Bulletin of Marine Science, 20 (1), 193 - 286." type="journal article" year="1970">Halpern 1970</bibRefCitation>
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: 272;
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<bibRefCitation id="F50F4B47FFE7FF9AF076FC8040C8C941" author="Sladen, W. P." box="[1066,1196,832,854]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 893" refId="ref74372" refString="Sladen, W. P. (1889) Asteroidea. Report of the Scientific Results of H. M. S. Challenger, 30, 1 - 893. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1882. tb 02281. x" type="journal article" year="1889">Sladen 1889</bibRefCitation>
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: 326;
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<bibRefCitation id="F50F4B47FFE7FF9AF0B6FC804102C941" author="Fisher, W. K." box="[1258,1382,832,854]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 420" refId="ref70203" refString="Fisher, W. K. (1911) Asteroidea of the North Pacific and adjacent waters. 1. Phanerozonia and Spinulosida. Bulletin of the US National Museum, 76, xiii + 1 - 420. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 03629236.76. i" type="journal article" year="1911">Fisher 1911</bibRefCitation>
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: 169, 173;
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<bibRefCitation id="F50F4B47FFE7FF9AF4A6FC9E45D9C963" author="Liao, Y. & Clark, A. M." box="[250,445,862,884]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refId="ref71887" refString="Liao, Y. & Clark, A. M. (1995) The Echinoderms of Southern China. Science Press, Beijing, 614 pp, 23 pls." type="book" year="1995">Liao & Clark 1995</bibRefCitation>
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: 90;
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<bibRefCitation id="F50F4B47FFE7FF9AF5B2FC9E4750C963" author="Clark, H. E. S. & McKnight, D. G." box="[494,820,862,884]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 270" refId="ref69285" refString="Clark, H. E. S. & McKnight, D. G. (2001) The Marine Fauna of New Zealand: Echinodermata: Asteroidea (sea-stars), Order Valvatida. NIWA Biodiversity Memoir, 117, 1 - 270." type="journal article" year="2001">H.E.S. Clark & McKnight 2001</bibRefCitation>
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: 13.(as
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<taxonomicName id="569E4D35FFE7FF9AF7DEFCA04070C962" authorityName="Sladen" authorityYear="1889" box="[898,1044,864,885]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Leptogonaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="A3EAEAA4FFE7FF9AF7DEFCA04070C962" box="[898,1044,864,885]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Leptogonaster</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D984653DFFE7FF9AF4CBFCBD41EAC9A5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="description">
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<paragraph id="912136B6FFE7FF9AF4CBFCBD470CC984" blockId="5.[151,1436,832,946]" box="[151,872,893,915]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<bibRefCitation id="F50F4B47FFE7FF9AF4CBFCBD4570C984" author="Verrill, A. E." box="[151,276,893,915]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="145 - 234" refId="ref74885" refString="Verrill, A. E. (1899) Revision of certain genera and species of starfishes, with descriptions of new forms. Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences, 10 (1), 145 - 234. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 7031" type="journal article" year="1899">Verrill 1899</bibRefCitation>
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: 173;
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<bibRefCitation id="F50F4B47FFE7FF9AF50DFCBD45A9C984" author="Fisher, W. K." box="[337,461,893,915]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="987 - 1130" refId="ref70129" refString="Fisher, W. K. (1906) The starfishes of the Hawaiian islands. Bulletin of the United States Fish Commission, 23, 987 - 1130." type="journal article" year="1906">Fisher 1906</bibRefCitation>
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: 1067; 1911: 169, 173. (as
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<taxonomicName id="569E4D35FFE7FF9AF683FCBD4704C984" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1899" box="[735,864,893,915]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Antheniaster" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="A3EAEAA4FFE7FF9AF683FCBD4704C984" box="[735,864,893,915]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Antheniaster</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="912136B6FFE7FF9AF4CBFC5D41EAC9A5" blockId="5.[151,1436,832,946]" box="[151,1422,924,946]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<bibRefCitation id="F50F4B47FFE7FF9AF4CBFC5D454DC9A5" author="Downey, M. E." box="[151,297,924,946]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 158" refId="ref70032" refString="Downey, M. E. (1973) Starfishes from the Caribbean and the Gulf of Mexico. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 126, 1 - 158. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00810282.126" type="journal article" year="1973">Downey 1973</bibRefCitation>
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: 48;
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<bibRefCitation id="F50F4B47FFE7FF9AF506FC5C467AC9A5" author="Liao, Y. & Clark, A. M." box="[346,542,924,946]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="37 - 42" refId="ref71830" refString="Liao, Y. & Clark, A. M. (1989) Two new species of the genus Anthenoides (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) from southern China. Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology, 7 (1), 37 - 42. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 02842656" type="journal article" year="1989">Liao & Clark 1989</bibRefCitation>
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: 37;
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<bibRefCitation id="F50F4B47FFE7FF9AF611FC5C475CC9A5" author="Clark, A. M. & Downey, M. E." box="[589,824,924,946]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refId="ref69188" refString="Clark, A. M. & Downey, M. E. (1992) Starfishes of the Atlantic. Chapman and Hall, London, 794 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5860 / choice. 30 - 2659" type="book" year="1992">Clark & Downey 1992</bibRefCitation>
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: 228;
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<bibRefCitation id="F50F4B47FFE7FF9AF729FC5C40D8C9A5" author="Clark, H. E. S. & McKnight, D. G." box="[885,1212,924,946]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 270" refId="ref69285" refString="Clark, H. E. S. & McKnight, D. G. (2001) The Marine Fauna of New Zealand: Echinodermata: Asteroidea (sea-stars), Order Valvatida. NIWA Biodiversity Memoir, 117, 1 - 270." type="journal article" year="2001">H.E.S. Clark & McKnight 2001</bibRefCitation>
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: 13 (as
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<taxonomicName id="569E4D35FFE7FF9AF155FC5C41E2C9A5" authorityName="Perrier" authorityYear="1881" box="[1289,1414,924,946]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Anthenoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="A3EAEAA4FFE7FF9AF155FC5C41E2C9A5" box="[1289,1414,924,946]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Anthenoides</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D984653DFFE7FF9AF4CBFC1E4097CE90" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="912136B6FFE7FF9AF4CBFC1E4097CE90" blockId="5.[151,1436,990,1915]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<emphasis id="A3EAEAA4FFE7FF9AF4CBFC1E4575C9E0" bold="true" box="[151,273,990,1015]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="569E4D35FFE7FF9AF545FC1E45D1C9E0" baseAuthorityName="Mah and Foltz" baseAuthorityYear="2011" box="[281,437,990,1015]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Goniasteridae</taxonomicName>
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with stellate body form, pointed, triangular arms, broad interradial arcs, abactinal plates abutted, papulae present over radial regions on disk and arms, absent interradially. Continuous granule-invested tegument covers abactinal, marginal, actinal surface. Marginal plates quadrate forming distinct abactinal-actinal facing border with granules or short spinelets. Pedicellariae present or absent. Furrow spines, fine slender, subambulacral spination variable but some species with both bivalve and forceps-like pedicellariae.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D984653DFFE7FF9AF49BFB524055CD6C" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="912136B6FFE7FF9AF49BFB5247C0CF94" blockId="5.[151,1436,990,1915]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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<emphasis id="A3EAEAA4FFE7FF9AF49BFB52452BCEBC" bold="true" box="[199,335,1170,1195]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Comments.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="569E4D35FFE7FF9AF500FB524582CEBC" authorityName="Perrier" authorityYear="1881" box="[348,486,1170,1195]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Anthenoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="A3EAEAA4FFE7FF9AF500FB524582CEBC" box="[348,486,1170,1195]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Anthenoides</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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includes ten nominal species distributed across the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. Thorough morphological descriptions of
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<taxonomicName id="569E4D35FFE7FF9AF683FB76470DCED8" authorityName="Perrier" authorityYear="1881" box="[735,873,1206,1231]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Anthenoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="A3EAEAA4FFE7FF9AF683FB76470DCED8" box="[735,873,1206,1231]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Anthenoides</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are found in
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<bibRefCitation id="F50F4B47FFE7FF9AF049FB7640D0CED8" author="Fisher, W. K." box="[1045,1204,1206,1231]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 547" refId="ref70312" refString="Fisher, W. K. (1919) Starfishes of the Philippine seas and adjacent waters. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 3 (100), 1 - 547, 156 pls. https: // doi. org / 10.1126 / science. 50.1293.348" type="book chapter" year="1919">Fisher (1919)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="F50F4B47FFE7FF9AF09AFB7741F3CED8" author="Mortensen, T." box="[1222,1431,1206,1231]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="14 - 154" refId="ref73145" refString="Mortensen, T. (1925) On some echinoderms from South Africa. Annals and Magazines of Natural History, 9, 16 (91), 14 - 154. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222932508633280" type="journal article" year="1925">Mortensen (1925)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="F50F4B47FFE7FF9AF4CBFB1B4553CEE4" author="Macan, T. T." box="[151,311,1243,1267]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="324 - 432" refId="ref71993" refString="Macan, T. T. (1938) Asteroidea. British Museum of Natural History, John Murray Expedition 1933 - 34, Scientific Reports, IV (9), 324 - 432." type="journal article" year="1938">Macan (1938)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="F50F4B47FFE7FF9AF518FB1A4597CEE4" author="Halpern, J. A." box="[324,499,1242,1267]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="193 - 286" refId="ref70647" refString="Halpern, J. A. (1970) Goniasteridae (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) of the Straits of Florida. Bulletin of Marine Science, 20 (1), 193 - 286." type="journal article" year="1970">Halpern (1970)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="F50F4B47FFE7FF9AF5A3FB1A4742CEE4" author="Clark, A. M. & Downey, M. E." box="[511,806,1242,1267]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refId="ref69188" refString="Clark, A. M. & Downey, M. E. (1992) Starfishes of the Atlantic. Chapman and Hall, London, 794 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5860 / choice. 30 - 2659" type="book" year="1992">Clark and Downey (1992)</bibRefCitation>
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and
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<bibRefCitation id="F50F4B47FFE7FF9AF702FB1A40EECEE4" author="Clark, H. E. S. & McKnight, D. G." box="[862,1162,1242,1267]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 270" refId="ref69285" refString="Clark, H. E. S. & McKnight, D. G. (2001) The Marine Fauna of New Zealand: Echinodermata: Asteroidea (sea-stars), Order Valvatida. NIWA Biodiversity Memoir, 117, 1 - 270." type="journal article" year="2001">Clark & McKnight (2001)</bibRefCitation>
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. Examination of species within
|
|
<taxonomicName id="569E4D35FFE7FF9AF4BBFB3E4515CF00" authorityName="Perrier" authorityYear="1881" box="[231,369,1278,1303]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Anthenoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="A3EAEAA4FFE7FF9AF4BBFB3E4515CF00" box="[231,369,1278,1303]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Anthenoides</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, compared with descriptions in
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="F50F4B47FFE7FF9AF683FB3E471ECF00" author="Fisher, W. K." box="[735,890,1278,1303]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 547" refId="ref70312" refString="Fisher, W. K. (1919) Starfishes of the Philippine seas and adjacent waters. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 3 (100), 1 - 547, 156 pls. https: // doi. org / 10.1126 / science. 50.1293.348" type="book chapter" year="1919">Fisher (1919)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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|
<bibRefCitation id="F50F4B47FFE7FF9AF7DBFB3F4043CF00" author="Macan, T. T." box="[903,1063,1279,1303]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="324 - 432" refId="ref71993" refString="Macan, T. T. (1938) Asteroidea. British Museum of Natural History, John Murray Expedition 1933 - 34, Scientific Reports, IV (9), 324 - 432." type="journal article" year="1938">Macan (1938)</bibRefCitation>
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|
and other sources (e.g.,
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="F50F4B47FFE7FF9AF163FB3E452FCF2C" author="Clark, H. E. S. & McKnight, D. G." pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 270" refId="ref69285" refString="Clark, H. E. S. & McKnight, D. G. (2001) The Marine Fauna of New Zealand: Echinodermata: Asteroidea (sea-stars), Order Valvatida. NIWA Biodiversity Memoir, 117, 1 - 270." type="journal article" year="2001">Clark & McKnight 2001</bibRefCitation>
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|
) show morphological overlap to form a wide-ranging species complex. Some species, such as
|
|
<taxonomicName id="569E4D35FFE7FF9AF1D8FAE3449CCF49" baseAuthorityName="Sladen" baseAuthorityYear="1889" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Anthenoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="cristatus">
|
|
<emphasis id="A3EAEAA4FFE7FF9AF1D8FAE3449CCF49" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">A. cristatus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
are widely occurring and variation within this species has been treated as representing separate species, but here synonymized (see
|
|
<taxonomicName id="569E4D35FFE7FF9AF595FAAA46CDCF94" authorityName="Alcock" authorityYear="1893" box="[457,681,1386,1411]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Anthenoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="sarissa">
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|
<emphasis id="A3EAEAA4FFE7FF9AF595FAAA46CDCF94" box="[457,681,1386,1411]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Anthenoides sarissa</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
|
synonymized herein).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="912136B6FFE7FF9AF49BFA4E452DCC20" blockId="5.[151,1436,990,1915]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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Three species of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="569E4D35FFE7FF9AF5D8FA4E466BCFB0" authorityName="Perrier" authorityYear="1881" box="[388,527,1422,1447]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Anthenoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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|
<emphasis id="A3EAEAA4FFE7FF9AF5D8FA4E466BCFB0" box="[388,527,1422,1447]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Anthenoides</emphasis>
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|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
have been reported from the Indian Ocean but only two have been recorded from the western Indian Ocean.
|
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<taxonomicName id="569E4D35FFE7FF9AF595FA7246D6CFDC" authorityName="Mortensen" authorityYear="1925" box="[457,690,1458,1483]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Anthenoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="marleyi">
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|
<emphasis id="A3EAEAA4FFE7FF9AF595FA7246D6CFDC" box="[457,690,1458,1483]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Anthenoides marleyi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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|
has been reported from
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|
<collectingCountry id="E9897626FFE7FF9AF790FA72403ACFDC" box="[972,1118,1458,1483]" name="South Africa" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">South Africa</collectingCountry>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="F50F4B47FFE7FF9AF032FA734156CFDC" author="Mortensen, T." box="[1134,1330,1458,1483]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="14 - 154" refId="ref73145" refString="Mortensen, T. (1925) On some echinoderms from South Africa. Annals and Magazines of Natural History, 9, 16 (91), 14 - 154. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222932508633280" type="journal article" year="1925">Mortensen, 1925</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="F50F4B47FFE7FF9AF163FA7245F5CFF8" author="Clark, A. M. & Courtman-Stock, J." pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refId="ref69157" refString="Clark, A. M. & Courtman-Stock, J. (1976) The echinoderms of Southern Africa. British Museum of Natural History, London, 277 pp." type="book" year="1976">Clark & Courtman-Stock 1976</bibRefCitation>
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) and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="569E4D35FFE7FF9AF58EFA1646A2CFF9" baseAuthorityName="Sladen" baseAuthorityYear="1889" box="[466,710,1494,1519]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Anthenoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="cristatus">
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|
<emphasis id="A3EAEAA4FFE7FF9AF58EFA1646A2CFF9" box="[466,710,1494,1519]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Anthenoides cristatus</emphasis>
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|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(as
|
|
<taxonomicName id="569E4D35FFE7FF9AF6ABFA174703CFF9" authorityName="Alcock" authorityYear="1893" box="[759,871,1495,1518]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Anthenoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="sarissa">
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|
<emphasis id="A3EAEAA4FFE7FF9AF6ABFA174703CFF9" box="[759,871,1495,1518]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">A. sarissa</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
) has been recorded by Alcock (1893) and
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="F50F4B47FFE7FF9AF10CFA174485CC04" author="Macan, T. T." pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="324 - 432" refId="ref71993" refString="Macan, T. T. (1938) Asteroidea. British Museum of Natural History, John Murray Expedition 1933 - 34, Scientific Reports, IV (9), 324 - 432." type="journal article" year="1938">Macan (1938)</bibRefCitation>
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|
from the Andaman Islands and the Gulf of Aden, respectively, and by
|
|
<bibRefCitation id="F50F4B47FFE7FF9AF06FFA3B413ECC04" author="Jangoux, M. & Aziz, A." box="[1075,1370,1530,1555]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="631 - 650" refId="ref71303" refString="Jangoux, M. & Aziz, A. (1988) Les asterides (Echinodermata) recoltes autour de l'ile de la Reunion par le N. O. Marion- Dufresne en 1982. Bulletin Museum national d'Historie du naturelle, 4 (10), 631 - 650." type="journal article" year="1988">Jangoux and Aziz (1988)</bibRefCitation>
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from Reunion Island.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="912136B6FFE7FF9AF49BF98246D9CD18" blockId="5.[151,1436,990,1915]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
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The third species,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="569E4D35FFE7FF9AF5C4F982475CCC4C" authority="H. L. Clark 1938" authorityName="H. L. Clark" authorityYear="1938" box="[408,824,1602,1627]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Anthenoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="dubius">
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|
<emphasis id="A3EAEAA4FFE7FF9AF5C4F9824612CC4C" box="[408,630,1602,1627]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Anthenoides dubius</emphasis>
|
|
H.L. Clark 1938
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
|
from near Broome,
|
|
<collectingRegion id="535AF854FFE7FF9AF07EF983408ACC4C" box="[1058,1262,1602,1627]" country="Australia" name="Western Australia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Western Australia</collectingRegion>
|
|
, is problematic and although it is part of the same species cluster/lineage described herein, is most likely not a proper species in
|
|
<emphasis id="A3EAEAA4FFE7FF9AF4CBF94A454DCCB4" box="[151,297,1674,1699]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="569E4D35FFE7FF9AF4CBF94A4541CCB4" authorityName="Perrier" authorityYear="1881" box="[151,293,1674,1699]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Anthenoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">Anthenoides</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
H.L. Clark (1938: 94), indicated that it was “improbable” but noted a “superficial” resemblance between
|
|
<taxonomicName id="569E4D35FFE7FF9AF559F96E458FCCD0" authorityName="H. L. Clark" authorityYear="1938" box="[261,491,1710,1735]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Anthenoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="dubius">
|
|
<emphasis id="A3EAEAA4FFE7FF9AF559F96E458FCCD0" box="[261,491,1710,1735]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Anthenoides dubius</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and the Atlantic
|
|
<taxonomicName id="569E4D35FFE7FF9AF68EF96E47DDCCD1" authorityName="Perrier" authorityYear="1881" box="[722,953,1710,1735]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Anthenoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="peircei">
|
|
<emphasis id="A3EAEAA4FFE7FF9AF68EF96E47DDCCD1" box="[722,953,1710,1735]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Anthenoides peircei</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
; he assigned it to
|
|
<taxonomicName id="569E4D35FFE7FF9AF0E9F96E415BCCD0" authorityName="Perrier" authorityYear="1881" box="[1205,1343,1710,1735]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Anthenoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="A3EAEAA4FFE7FF9AF0E9F96E415BCCD0" box="[1205,1343,1710,1735]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Anthenoides</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
out of convenience. Clark apparently ruled out that this was a juvenile of
|
|
<emphasis id="A3EAEAA4FFE7FF9AF7D3F9124051CCFC" box="[911,1077,1746,1771]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Stellaster incei</emphasis>
|
|
but
|
|
<taxonomicName id="569E4D35FFE7FF9AF036F91340B1CCFC" authorityName="H. L. Clark" authorityYear="1938" box="[1130,1237,1746,1771]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Anthenoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="dubius">
|
|
<emphasis id="A3EAEAA4FFE7FF9AF036F91340B1CCFC" box="[1130,1237,1746,1771]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">A. dubius</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
shares characters with many members of the “
|
|
<taxonomicName id="569E4D35FFE7FF9AF58AF9364604CD18" authorityName="Perrier" authorityYear="1881" box="[470,608,1782,1807]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Anthenoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
|
<emphasis id="A3EAEAA4FFE7FF9AF58AF9364604CD18" box="[470,608,1782,1807]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Anthenoides</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
” group.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="912136B6FFE7FF9AF49BF8DA4055CD6C" blockId="5.[151,1436,990,1915]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
|
<emphasis id="A3EAEAA4FFE7FF9AF49BF8DA45B9CD24" box="[199,477,1818,1843]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="569E4D35FFE7FF9AF49BF8DA45BDCD24" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1913" box="[199,473,1818,1843]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Anthenoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="granulosus">Anthenoides granulosus</taxonomicName>
|
|
,
|
|
</emphasis>
|
|
previously recorded from the south and central Pacific has now been recorded from
|
|
<collectingCountry id="E9897626FFE7FF9AF4CBF8FE4545CD40" box="[151,289,1854,1879]" name="Madagascar" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
|
. In spite, of their overlapping occurrence,
|
|
<taxonomicName id="569E4D35FFE7FF9AF6A6F8FE4784CD40" box="[762,992,1854,1879]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Anthenoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="marlyei">
|
|
<emphasis id="A3EAEAA4FFE7FF9AF6A6F8FE4784CD40" box="[762,992,1854,1879]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Anthenoides marlyei</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
shows significant character differences from both
|
|
<taxonomicName id="569E4D35FFE7FF9AF551F8A2459ACD6C" baseAuthorityName="Sladen" baseAuthorityYear="1889" box="[269,510,1890,1915]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Anthenoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="cristatus">
|
|
<emphasis id="A3EAEAA4FFE7FF9AF551F8A2459ACD6C" box="[269,510,1890,1915]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Anthenoides cristatus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
and
|
|
<taxonomicName id="569E4D35FFE7FF9AF669F8A24727CD6C" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1913" box="[565,835,1890,1915]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Anthenoides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="granulosus">
|
|
<emphasis id="A3EAEAA4FFE7FF9AF669F8A24727CD6C" box="[565,835,1890,1915]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Anthenoides granulosus</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, as illustrated below.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |