140 lines
16 KiB
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140 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="10.37520/fi.2022.016" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a360f5c7-16da-4c69-afbe-01e6ad032418" ID-ISSN="2533-4069" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7522801" approvalRequired="15" approvalRequired_for_taxonomicNames="15" checkinTime="1673382488781" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Friis, Else Marie, Crane, Peter R., Pedersen, Kaj Raunsgaard, Mendes, Mário Miguel & Kvaček, Jiří" docDate="2022" docId="03FD87F2FFD2FFC1FF19FB8EC638FD92" docLanguage="en" docName="FossilImprint.78.2.341-424.pdf" docOrigin="Fossil Imprint 78 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.37520/fi.2022.016" docStyle="DocumentStyle:0EC54BF35E227CA4627F894F6BA30634.3:FossilImprint.2016-.journal_article" docStyleId="0EC54BF35E227CA4627F894F6BA30634" docStyleName="FossilImprint.2016-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Paisia pantoporata E. M. FRIIS, M. M. MENDES et K. R. PEDERSEN 2018" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="388" masterDocId="FFC4FF8AFFFDFFEEFFBFFFFFC378FFA6" masterDocTitle="The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Catefica, Portugal: Angiosperms" masterLastPageNumber="424" masterPageNumber="341" pageNumber="388" updateTime="1673638629897" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-ND-3.0">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Catefica, Portugal: Angiosperms</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Friis, Else Marie</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Crane, Peter R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Pedersen, Kaj Raunsgaard</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Mendes, Mário Miguel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Kvaček, Jiří</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title>Fossil Imprint</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number>2022-12-20</mods:number>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>78</mods:number>
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<mods:start>341</mods:start>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.37520/fi.2022.016</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">2533-4069</mods:identifier>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FD87F2FFD2FFC1FF19FB8EC638FD92" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FD87F2FFD2FFC1FF19FB8EC638FD92" lastPageNumber="388" pageId="47" pageNumber="388">
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<taxonomicName authority="E. M. FRIIS, M. M. MENDES et K. R. PEDERSEN, 2018" authorityName="E. M. FRIIS, M. M. MENDES et K. R. PEDERSEN" authorityYear="2018" class="Magnoliopsida" genus="Paisia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" pageId="47" pageNumber="388" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pantoporata">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="388">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[166,374,1137,1161]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="388">Paisia pantoporata</emphasis>
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E.M.FRIIS, M.M.MENDES et K.R.PEDERSEN, 2018
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="47.[345,505,1202,1226]" box="[345,505,1202,1226]" pageId="47" pageNumber="388">
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<figureCitation box="[345,505,1202,1226]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="51.[124,205,1551,1572]" captionTargetBox="[127,1440,151,1536]" captionTargetId="figure-160@51.[122,1443,148,1538]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="Text-fig. 33. Synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, a, c) and scanning electron microscope (SEM, b, d) images of Paisia pantoporata (a–c) and?Paisia sp. (d); Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Lateral view (volume rendering) of flower showing the carpels (c) and the fleshy tepals (t) that have a slightly bulge near the base; b) Pollen grains in situ from stamen showing scattered pores and spiny supratectal ornamentation; c) Transverse section (orthoslice xz1024) through flower showing the pentamerous organization with five tepals (green) five stamens (yellow) and five carpels (red) all on the same radii; d) Lateral view of floral structure with three free carpels borne on the swollen receptacle that has poorly defined facets at the apex indicating the former presence of perianth parts. Specimens, Catefica 49-S101214 (a, c), Catefica 50-S170188 (b), Catefica MM125-P0292 (d). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a, c, d), 6 Μm (b)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522873" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522873/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="388">Text-fig. 33a–c</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="47" pageNumber="388" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="47.[106,745,1250,1955]" pageId="47" pageNumber="388">
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D e s c r i p t i o n a n d r e m a r k s.
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<taxonomicName authorityName="E. M. FRIIS, M. M. MENDES et K. R. PEDERSEN" authorityYear="2018" box="[539,745,1250,1274]" class="Magnoliopsida" genus="Paisia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" pageId="47" pageNumber="388" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pantoporata">
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<emphasis box="[539,745,1250,1274]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="388">Paisia pantoporata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is based on about
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<specimenCount box="[293,436,1282,1306]" pageId="47" pageNumber="388" type="generic">60 specimens</specimenCount>
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of fossil flowers and isolated floral parts recovered from the Catefica mesofossil flora (for a full description and discussion see
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<bibRefCitation author="Friis, E. M. & Mendes, M. M. & Pedersen, K. R." box="[548,733,1347,1371]" pageId="47" pageNumber="388" pagination="1 - 15" refId="ref56463" refString="Friis, E. M., Mendes, M. M., Pedersen, K. R. (2018 a): Paisia, an Early Cretaceous eudicot angiosperm flower with pantoporate pollen from Portugal. - Grana, 57: 1 - 15. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00173134.2017.1310292" type="journal article" year="2018">Friis et al. 2018a</bibRefCitation>
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). Flowers are small, about
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<quantity box="[370,430,1380,1404]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="47" pageNumber="388" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
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long and
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<quantity box="[533,613,1380,1404]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="47" pageNumber="388" unit="mm" value="1.2">1.2 mm</quantity>
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in diameter, actinomorphic and pentamerous with a perianth consisting of a single whorl of five tepals, an androecium consisting of a single whorl of stamens, and a gynoecium of five free carpels (
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<figureCitation box="[195,360,1509,1533]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="51.[124,205,1551,1572]" captionTargetBox="[127,1440,151,1536]" captionTargetId="figure-160@51.[122,1443,148,1538]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="Text-fig. 33. Synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, a, c) and scanning electron microscope (SEM, b, d) images of Paisia pantoporata (a–c) and?Paisia sp. (d); Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Lateral view (volume rendering) of flower showing the carpels (c) and the fleshy tepals (t) that have a slightly bulge near the base; b) Pollen grains in situ from stamen showing scattered pores and spiny supratectal ornamentation; c) Transverse section (orthoslice xz1024) through flower showing the pentamerous organization with five tepals (green) five stamens (yellow) and five carpels (red) all on the same radii; d) Lateral view of floral structure with three free carpels borne on the swollen receptacle that has poorly defined facets at the apex indicating the former presence of perianth parts. Specimens, Catefica 49-S101214 (a, c), Catefica 50-S170188 (b), Catefica MM125-P0292 (d). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a, c, d), 6 Μm (b)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522873" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522873/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="388">Text-fig. 33a, c</figureCitation>
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). The organs of the three whorls are arranged on the same radius with the incurved margins of each tepal embracing a stamen (
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<figureCitation box="[441,581,1574,1598]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="51.[124,205,1551,1572]" captionTargetBox="[127,1440,151,1536]" captionTargetId="figure-160@51.[122,1443,148,1538]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="Text-fig. 33. Synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, a, c) and scanning electron microscope (SEM, b, d) images of Paisia pantoporata (a–c) and?Paisia sp. (d); Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Lateral view (volume rendering) of flower showing the carpels (c) and the fleshy tepals (t) that have a slightly bulge near the base; b) Pollen grains in situ from stamen showing scattered pores and spiny supratectal ornamentation; c) Transverse section (orthoslice xz1024) through flower showing the pentamerous organization with five tepals (green) five stamens (yellow) and five carpels (red) all on the same radii; d) Lateral view of floral structure with three free carpels borne on the swollen receptacle that has poorly defined facets at the apex indicating the former presence of perianth parts. Specimens, Catefica 49-S101214 (a, c), Catefica 50-S170188 (b), Catefica MM125-P0292 (d). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a, c, d), 6 Μm (b)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522873" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522873/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="388">Text-fig. 33c</figureCitation>
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). Stamens have a short, stout filament that merges above into the anther. Anthers are tetrasporangiate with two pairs of pollen sacs borne laterally and separated by a massive connective.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="47.[106,745,1250,1955]" pageId="47" pageNumber="388">
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Pollen grains are small, spheroidal, about 11–14 µm in diameter and pantoporate with six to eight pores. The pollen wall is tectate-punctate with spiny supratectal ornamentation (
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<figureCitation box="[113,255,1801,1825]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="51.[124,205,1551,1572]" captionTargetBox="[127,1440,151,1536]" captionTargetId="figure-160@51.[122,1443,148,1538]" captionTargetPageId="51" captionText="Text-fig. 33. Synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, a, c) and scanning electron microscope (SEM, b, d) images of Paisia pantoporata (a–c) and?Paisia sp. (d); Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Lateral view (volume rendering) of flower showing the carpels (c) and the fleshy tepals (t) that have a slightly bulge near the base; b) Pollen grains in situ from stamen showing scattered pores and spiny supratectal ornamentation; c) Transverse section (orthoslice xz1024) through flower showing the pentamerous organization with five tepals (green) five stamens (yellow) and five carpels (red) all on the same radii; d) Lateral view of floral structure with three free carpels borne on the swollen receptacle that has poorly defined facets at the apex indicating the former presence of perianth parts. Specimens, Catefica 49-S101214 (a, c), Catefica 50-S170188 (b), Catefica MM125-P0292 (d). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a, c, d), 6 Μm (b)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7522873" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/7522873/files/figure.png" pageId="47" pageNumber="388">Text-fig. 33b</figureCitation>
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). The carpels are follicular, narrowly elliptical to obovate with a ventral slit that extends for the full length of the carpel. Each carpel has one dorsal and two ventral bundles and contains about 20–30 seeds borne in two rows along the full length of the ventral suture.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="47.[106,745,1978,2100]" lastBlockId="47.[820,1459,151,564]" pageId="47" pageNumber="388">
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A f f i n i t y a n d o t h e r o c c u r r e n c e s. Pantoporate pollen occurs scattered among all major groups of angiosperms. However, the characters of the pollen combined with the pentamerous organisation indicate that
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<taxonomicName authorityName="E. M. FRIIS, M. M. MENDES et K. R. PEDERSEN" authorityYear="2018" box="[678,949,152,2099]" class="Magnoliopsida" genus="Paisia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" pageId="47" pageNumber="388" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pantoporata">
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<emphasis box="[678,949,152,2099]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="388">Paisia pantoporata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is most likely an extinct lineage of basal eudicots, probably most closely related to extant Ranunculales.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="47.[820,1459,151,564]" pageId="47" pageNumber="388">
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Flowers of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="E. M. FRIIS, M. M. MENDES et K. R. PEDERSEN" authorityYear="2018" box="[1006,1226,217,240]" class="Magnoliopsida" genus="Paisia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" pageId="47" pageNumber="388" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pantoporata">
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<emphasis box="[1006,1226,217,240]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="388">Paisia pantoporata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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have so far been recovered only from the Catefica locality. Pollen of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="E. M. FRIIS, M. M. MENDES et K. R. PEDERSEN" authorityYear="2018" class="Magnoliopsida" genus="Paisia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" pageId="47" pageNumber="388" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pantoporata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="388">Paisia pantoporata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is also encountered in the palynological strew preparations from Catefica, where it occurs in clumps of several grains. Pantoporate pollen grains of the kind produced by
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<taxonomicName authorityName="E. M. FRIIS, M. M. MENDES et K. R. PEDERSEN" authorityYear="2018" box="[971,1184,379,402]" class="Magnoliopsida" genus="Paisia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" pageId="47" pageNumber="388" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pantoporata">
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<emphasis box="[971,1184,379,402]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="388">Paisia pantoporata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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have not been reported from other palynofloras. Pantoporate pollen grains are not uncommon in Early Cretaceous palynofloras (for references see
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<bibRefCitation author="Ibrahim, M. I. A. & Zobaa, M. K. & El-Noamani, Z. M. & Tahoun, S. S." box="[860,1064,475,499]" pageId="47" pageNumber="388" pagination="101 - 116" refId="ref58125" refString="Ibrahim, M. I. A., Zobaa, M. K., El-Noamani, Z. M., Tahoun, S. S. (2015): A review of the angiosperm pollen genus Cretacaeiporites Herngreen, with one new species from the Upper Cretaceous of Egypt. - Palynology, 41: 101 - 116. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 01916122.2015.1093561" type="journal article" year="2015">Ibrahim et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Friis, E. M. & Mendes, M. M. & Pedersen, K. R." box="[1074,1256,475,500]" pageId="47" pageNumber="388" pagination="1 - 15" refId="ref56463" refString="Friis, E. M., Mendes, M. M., Pedersen, K. R. (2018 a): Paisia, an Early Cretaceous eudicot angiosperm flower with pantoporate pollen from Portugal. - Grana, 57: 1 - 15. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00173134.2017.1310292" type="journal article" year="2018">Friis et al. 2018a</bibRefCitation>
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), but grains similar to pollen of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="E. M. FRIIS, M. M. MENDES et K. R. PEDERSEN" authorityYear="2018" box="[948,1154,509,532]" class="Magnoliopsida" genus="Paisia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" pageId="47" pageNumber="388" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pantoporata">
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<emphasis box="[948,1154,509,532]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="388">Paisia pantoporata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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have not been reported from other mesofossil floras or dispersed palynofloras.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |