629 lines
68 KiB
XML
629 lines
68 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="333116FB01C903CB8A4C12032B0AB471">Two new day-flying species of Agrotis Ochsenheimer (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from the alpine summit of the Maunakea Volcano</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="2F03D70F951B74D8DAF3CBD6857D3C57">Kirkpatrick, Jessica</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="26DEC4913B942BD10F569B9BF6E199D0">Prestes, Andersonn</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="714D7D9224A74F3C8BDF726E152B962E">Eiben, Jesse</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="11A50D04DEC8F42D155C093066D73041">Rubinoff, Daniel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="C075BBDDEEDE3933B60961CDB8053464">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="55782753CADAAAD7C8EDBE37B2FD1468">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="70EA1B34ACC5C24EEF9A117B048B4594">2019-01-17</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03FD879378737B6BFF5EFB77FE92D7A0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5929669" ID-GBIF-Taxon="154531083" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5929669" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FD879378737B6BFF5EFB77FE92D7A0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FD879378737B6BFF5EFB77FE92D7A0" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="281" pageId="1" pageNumber="278">
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<subSubSection id="C34E650E78737B6EFF5EFB77FDBAD1CC" box="[151,534,1159,1184]" pageId="1" pageNumber="278" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BEB368578737B6EFF5EFB77FDBAD1CC" blockId="1.[151,534,1159,1184]" box="[151,534,1159,1184]" pageId="1" pageNumber="278">
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<heading id="D0A381E978737B6EFF5EFB77FDBAD1CC" bold="true" box="[151,534,1159,1184]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="278" reason="2">
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<emphasis id="B920EA9778737B6EFF5EFB77FDBAD1CC" bold="true" box="[151,534,1159,1184]" pageId="1" pageNumber="278">
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<taxonomicName id="4C544D0678737B6EFF5EFB77FE1CD1CC" authority="Medeiros" authorityName="Kirkpatrick & Prestes & Eiben & Rubinoff" authorityYear="2019" box="[151,432,1159,1184]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Agrotis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="278" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="helela" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B920EA9778737B6EFF5EFB77FE94D1CC" bold="true" box="[151,312,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="278">Agrotis helela</emphasis>
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Medeiros
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21357EC78737B6EFE75FB78FDBAD1CC" box="[444,534,1159,1184]" pageId="1" pageNumber="278" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34E650E78737B6EFF5EFB30FEF2D014" pageId="1" pageNumber="278" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BEB368578737B6EFF5EFB30FEF2D014" blockId="1.[151,1437,1231,1977]" pageId="1" pageNumber="278">
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<emphasis id="B920EA9778737B6EFF5EFB30FEBDD184" bold="true" box="[151,273,1231,1256]" pageId="1" pageNumber="278">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C544D0678737B6EFED1FB2FFE19D184" authorityName="Kirkpatrick & Prestes & Eiben & Rubinoff" authorityYear="2019" box="[280,437,1231,1256]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Agrotis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="278" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="helela">
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<emphasis id="B920EA9778737B6EFED1FB2FFE19D184" box="[280,437,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="278">Agrotis helela</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
is superficially most similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D0678737B6EFCDCFB2FFBEED184" authority="Meyrick. The" authorityName="Meyrick. The" authorityYear="1899" box="[789,1090,1231,1256]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Agrotis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="278" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="microreas">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EA9778737B6EFCDCFB2FFC08D184" box="[789,932,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="278">A. microreas</emphasis>
|
||
Meyrick. The
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
two are conspicuously smaller than all other congeners, with average forewing lengths of approximately
|
||
<quantity id="4CAC9B6078737B6EFBC8FB0BFBDAD061" box="[1025,1142,1268,1293]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="278" unit="mm" value="22.5" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="20.0">20–25mm</quantity>
|
||
. The two species can be distinguished by the configuration of the white forewing bands: horizontal in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D0678737B6EFC3CFAE7FB2FD05C" authorityName="Meyrick. The" authorityYear="1899" box="[1013,1155,1304,1328]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Agrotis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="278" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="microreas">
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<emphasis id="B920EA9778737B6EFC3CFAE7FB2FD05C" box="[1013,1155,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="278">A. microreas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC54B7478737B6EFB74FAE8FA30D05C" author="Walsingham, L. T. de" box="[1213,1436,1303,1328]" pageId="1" pageNumber="278" pagination="469 - 759" refId="ref5321" refString="Walsingham, L. T. de G. (1907 b) Microlepidoptera. In: Sharp, D. (Ed.), Fauna Hawaiiensis. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 469 - 759." type="book chapter" year="1907">Walsingham, 1907b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
as well as
|
||
<figureCitation id="136F2A0078737B6EFED0FAC3FEC2D038" box="[281,366,1340,1365]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1497,1519]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,241,1452]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,195,1473]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. A: A. helela, paratype voucher AP117, wing expanse 28.5mm. B: A. kuamauna, holotype voucher AP114, wing expanse 46.6mm. C. A. kuamauna, paratype (voucher AP114; UHIM), wing expanse 40.5mm. D: A. epicremna (voucher AP327; UHIM), wing expanse 48mm. E: A. helela, paratype (voucher AP117; UHIM), wing expanse 24mm. F: A. microreas (BPBM), wing expanse 26mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2946755/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="278">Fig. 1F</figureCitation>
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||
) and vertical in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D0678737B6EFDF1FAC3FD0DD039" authorityName="Kirkpatrick & Prestes & Eiben & Rubinoff" authorityYear="2019" box="[568,673,1340,1365]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Agrotis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="278" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="helela">
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<emphasis id="B920EA9778737B6EFDF1FAC3FD0DD039" box="[568,673,1340,1365]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="278">A. helela</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
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(
|
||
<figureCitation id="136F2A0078737B6EFD7DFAC3FCC5D038" box="[692,873,1340,1365]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1497,1519]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,241,1452]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,195,1473]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. A: A. helela, paratype voucher AP117, wing expanse 28.5mm. B: A. kuamauna, holotype voucher AP114, wing expanse 46.6mm. C. A. kuamauna, paratype (voucher AP114; UHIM), wing expanse 40.5mm. D: A. epicremna (voucher AP327; UHIM), wing expanse 48mm. E: A. helela, paratype (voucher AP117; UHIM), wing expanse 24mm. F: A. microreas (BPBM), wing expanse 26mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2946755/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="278">Figs. 1A & 1E</figureCitation>
|
||
). The male and female genitalia of the two are indistinguishable.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection id="C34E650E78737B6DFF0EFA7BFE24D253" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="279" pageId="1" pageNumber="278" type="description">
|
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<paragraph id="8BEB368578737B6EFF0EFA7BFA22D364" blockId="1.[151,1437,1231,1977]" pageId="1" pageNumber="278">
|
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<emphasis id="B920EA9778737B6EFF0EFA7BFEFED0F1" bold="true" box="[199,338,1412,1437]" pageId="1" pageNumber="278">Description</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="136F2A0078737B6EFEACFA7BFE55D0F0" box="[357,505,1412,1437]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1497,1519]" captionTargetBox="[151,1431,241,1452]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,195,1473]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. A: A. helela, paratype voucher AP117, wing expanse 28.5mm. B: A. kuamauna, holotype voucher AP114, wing expanse 46.6mm. C. A. kuamauna, paratype (voucher AP114; UHIM), wing expanse 40.5mm. D: A. epicremna (voucher AP327; UHIM), wing expanse 48mm. E: A. helela, paratype (voucher AP117; UHIM), wing expanse 24mm. F: A. microreas (BPBM), wing expanse 26mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2946755/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="278">Figs 1A, 1E</figureCitation>
|
||
, &
|
||
<figureCitation id="136F2A0078737B6EFDE5FA7BFDFED0F0" box="[556,594,1412,1436]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1845,1867]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,686,1832]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,661,1832]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. A: Wing venation of A. helela (from slide LB81 “wings”). B: Wing venation of A. kuamauna (from slide LB82 “wings”). C: A. kuamauna larva, length = 20mm. D: A. kuamauna pupa, length = 15mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2946759/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="278">2A</figureCitation>
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).
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EA9778737B6EFDA3FA7BFD0AD0F1" box="[618,678,1412,1437]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="278">Head</emphasis>
|
||
: Vertex and frontoclypeus greyish-brown, heavily scaled. Ocelli present. Antenna ca. 0.6–0.7x forewing length; flagellomere bipectinate in males, each segment cylindrical and without triangular processes (
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EA9778737B6EFE38FA32FD83D088" box="[497,559,1485,1508]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="278">sensu</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC54B7478737B6EFDF2FA33FCA5D089" author="Zimmerman, E. C." box="[571,777,1484,1509]" pageId="1" pageNumber="278" refId="ref5362" refString="Zimmerman, E. C. (1958) Insects of Hawaii. Uol. 7. Macrolepidoptera. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, 542 pp." type="book" year="1958">Zimmerman 1958</bibRefCitation>
|
||
pg 216); flagellomere filiform in female. Labial palpus greyish-brown; porrect; third segment drooping; heavily scaled, length ca. 2.5x diameter of eye; proboscis naked.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEB368578737B6EFF07F9EBFC8CD38C" blockId="1.[151,1437,1231,1977]" pageId="1" pageNumber="278">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EA9778737B6EFF07F9EBFEB3D341" box="[206,287,1556,1581]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="278">Thorax</emphasis>
|
||
: Grey dorsally and ventrally. Legs grey with lighter scales near apex of tarsal segments; all tibiae and tarsal segments heavily spined; midleg with one pair of tibial spurs; hindlegs with two pairs. Forewing expanse
|
||
<quantity id="4CAC9B6078737B6EFABBF9C7FF45D318" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="2.4" metricValueMin="2.1" pageId="1" pageNumber="278" unit="mm" value="22.5" valueMax="24.0" valueMin="21.0">21– 24 mm</quantity>
|
||
(n = 8), dorsal ground color dark grey to black with a few lighter scales near base; prominent whitish antemedial and postmedial bands running from costa to anal margin; faint, poorly defined broad medial band running from costa to anal margin, whitish subterminal spots present; fringe grey; grey ventrally. Hindwing greyish-brown, fringe greyish-brown; light grey ventrally.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEB368578737B6EFF0EF913FF42D2D5" blockId="1.[151,1437,1231,1977]" pageId="1" pageNumber="278">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EA9778737B6EFF0EF913FEC2D269" box="[199,366,1772,1797]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="278">Male genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="136F2A0078737B6EFEB7F913FE7FD268" box="[382,467,1772,1797]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1897,1919]" captionTargetBox="[163,1433,923,1840]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[163,1448,913,1876]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. A: A. kuamauna, male genitalia (slide LB83) scale bars = 1mm. B: A. kuamauna, female genitalia (slide LB82) scale bar = 1mm. C: A. helela, male genitalia (slide LB80) scale bars = 1mm. D: A. helela, female genitalia (slide LB81) scale bar = 1mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2946763/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="278">Fig 3C</figureCitation>
|
||
): Uncus thin, curved basally then straight, with fine setae along nearly entire length except at base. Tegumen truncated at apex. Valva subrectangular, long, narrow, with band of strong setae immediately basad of corona. Sacculus well defined, extending ~0.7x length of valva and terminating in a pointed apex; ampulla not swollen. Saccus narrow, U-shaped, with anterior spine-like projection. Juxta subrectangular. Aedeagus broad, cylindrical, with long internal sac (sensu
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC54B7478737B6EFCEDF883FC41D2F9" author="Zimmerman, E. C." box="[804,1005,1916,1941]" pageId="1" pageNumber="278" refId="ref5362" refString="Zimmerman, E. C. (1958) Insects of Hawaii. Uol. 7. Macrolepidoptera. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, 542 pp." type="book" year="1958">Zimmerman 1958</bibRefCitation>
|
||
pg 216), apex adorned with very short cornuti.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF2B660D78707B6DFF5EFA26FE7FD327" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2946755/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="279" startId="2.[151,250,1497,1519]" targetBox="[151,1431,241,1452]" targetPageId="2">
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<paragraph id="8BEB368578707B6DFF5EFA26FE7FD327" blockId="2.[151,1436,1497,1611]" pageId="2" pageNumber="279">
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||
<emphasis id="B920EA9778707B6DFF5EFA26FEB8D082" bold="true" box="[151,276,1497,1519]" pageId="2" pageNumber="279">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
A:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D0678707B6DFEF4FA25FE34D083" authorityName="Kirkpatrick & Prestes & Eiben & Rubinoff" authorityYear="2019" box="[317,408,1497,1519]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Agrotis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="279" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="helela">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EA9778707B6DFEF4FA25FE34D083" box="[317,408,1497,1519]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="279">A. helela</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, paratype voucher AP117, wing expanse 28.5mm. B:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D0678707B6DFC0EFA25FBE2D083" authorityName="Kirkpatrick & Prestes & Eiben & Rubinoff" authorityYear="2019" box="[967,1102,1497,1519]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Agrotis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="279" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kuamauna">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EA9778707B6DFC0EFA25FBE2D083" box="[967,1102,1497,1519]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="279">A. kuamauna</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, holotype voucher AP114, wing expanse 46.6mm. C.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D0678707B6DFEB0FA06FDAED362" authorityName="Kirkpatrick & Prestes & Eiben & Rubinoff" authorityYear="2019" box="[377,514,1528,1550]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Agrotis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="279" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kuamauna">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EA9778707B6DFEB0FA06FDAED362" box="[377,514,1528,1550]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="279">A. kuamauna</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, paratype (voucher AP114; UHIM), wing expanse 40.5mm. D:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D0678707B6DFB64FA06FA94D362" authorityName="Meyrick" authorityYear="1899" box="[1197,1336,1529,1550]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Agrotis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="279" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="epicremna">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EA9778707B6DFB64FA06FA94D362" box="[1197,1336,1529,1550]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="279">A. epicremna</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(voucher AP327; UHIM), wing expanse 48mm. E:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D0678707B6DFD8CF9E8FD0CD340" authorityName="Kirkpatrick & Prestes & Eiben & Rubinoff" authorityYear="2019" box="[581,672,1558,1580]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Agrotis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="279" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="helela">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EA9778707B6DFD8CF9E8FD0CD340" box="[581,672,1558,1580]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="279">A. helela</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, paratype (voucher AP117; UHIM), wing expanse 24mm. F:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D0678707B6DFAD3F9E8FA37D341" authorityName="Meyrick. The" authorityYear="1899" box="[1306,1435,1559,1581]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Agrotis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="279" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="microreas">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EA9778707B6DFAD3F9E8FA37D341" box="[1306,1435,1559,1581]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="279">A. microreas</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(BPBM), wing expanse 26mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEB368578707B6DFF0EF98DFB30D3BE" blockId="2.[151,1436,1650,2035]" pageId="2" pageNumber="279">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EA9778707B6DFF0EF98DFE2AD3E7" box="[199,390,1650,1675]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="279">Female genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="136F2A0078707B6DFE5DF98DFE44D3E7" box="[404,488,1650,1675]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1897,1919]" captionTargetBox="[163,1433,923,1840]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[163,1448,913,1876]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. A: A. kuamauna, male genitalia (slide LB83) scale bars = 1mm. B: A. kuamauna, female genitalia (slide LB82) scale bar = 1mm. C: A. helela, male genitalia (slide LB80) scale bars = 1mm. D: A. helela, female genitalia (slide LB81) scale bar = 1mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2946763/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="279">Fig 3D</figureCitation>
|
||
): Posterior apophysis 1.3x as long as anterior apophysis; ductus bursae
|
||
<date id="FFEA104578707B6DFAC3F98DFA8AD3E7" box="[1290,1318,1650,1675]" pageId="2" pageNumber="279">5x</date>
|
||
as long as anterior apophysis; corpus bursae 2.5x as long as anterior apophysis, signum absent; appendix bursae
|
||
<date id="FFEA104578707B6DFAC2F968FA8AD3C3" box="[1291,1318,1687,1711]" pageId="2" pageNumber="279">9x</date>
|
||
as long as corpus bursae, apex globose; ductus seminalis originating laterally near corpus bursae apex.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEB368578707B6DFF0EF921FBEED394" blockId="2.[151,1436,1650,2035]" box="[199,1090,1758,1784]" pageId="2" pageNumber="279">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EA9778707B6DFF0EF921FE9DD39B" box="[199,305,1758,1783]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="279">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
: dark grey with tufts of scales projecting laterally from each segment.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEB368578707B6DFF0EF8FBFE23D277" blockId="2.[151,1436,1650,2035]" box="[199,399,1794,1819]" pageId="2" pageNumber="279">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EA9778707B6DFF0EF8FBFEA6D277" box="[199,266,1796,1819]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="279">Larva</emphasis>
|
||
: Unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEB368578707B6DFF0EF8D7FE24D253" blockId="2.[151,1436,1650,2035]" box="[199,392,1830,1855]" pageId="2" pageNumber="279">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EA9778707B6DFF0EF8D7FEA7D253" box="[199,267,1832,1855]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="279">Pupa:</emphasis>
|
||
Unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34E650E78707B6CFF0EF8B5FAA0D4BC" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="280" pageId="2" pageNumber="279" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEB368578707B6DFF0EF8B5FCC7D2EB" blockId="2.[151,1436,1650,2035]" pageId="2" pageNumber="279">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B3C3CD878707B6DFF0EF8B5FCC7D2EB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2147526459" collectingDate="2014-06-04" collectionCode="UHIM" collectorName="J. Eiben" country="United States of America" county="Island" elevation="2933" latitude="19.763916" location="Hale Pohaku Region" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-155.45053" municipality="Mauna Kea" pageId="2" pageNumber="279" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Hawaii" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EA9778707B6DFF0EF8B5FE91D20F" bold="true" box="[199,317,1866,1891]" pageId="2" pageNumber="279">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54EF882778707B6DFF0EF8B5FE94D20F" box="[199,312,1866,1891]" pageId="2" pageNumber="279" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F343761578707B6DFE84F8B4FD87D20F" box="[333,555,1867,1891]" name="United States of America" pageId="2" pageNumber="279">UNITED STATES</collectingCountry>
|
||
: HAWAI‘ I:
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EA9778707B6DFD71F8B5FCAAD20F" bold="true" box="[696,774,1866,1891]" pageId="2" pageNumber="279">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4990F86778707B6DFD71F8B5FCAAD20F" box="[696,774,1866,1891]" country="United States of America" name="Hawaii" pageId="2" pageNumber="279">Hawai</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
‘
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EA9778707B6DFCC6F8B5FCDED20F" bold="true" box="[783,882,1866,1891]" pageId="2" pageNumber="279">
|
||
i
|
||
<collectingCounty id="628A4E0978707B6DFCEEF8B5FCDED20F" box="[807,882,1866,1891]" pageId="2" pageNumber="279">Island</collectingCounty>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6B8FACFF78707B6DFC40F8B4FBBBD20E" box="[905,1047,1867,1890]" pageId="2" pageNumber="279">Mauna Kea</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8E8B605E78707B6DFBE2F8B5FA84D20F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FD879378737B6BFF5EFB77FE92D7A0:8E8B605E78707B6DFBE2F8B5FA84D20F" box="[1067,1320,1866,1891]" country="United States of America" county="Island" latitude="19.763916" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-155.45053" municipality="Mauna Kea" name="Hale Pohaku Region" pageId="2" pageNumber="279" stateProvince="Hawaii">Hale Pohaku Region</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CAC9B6078707B6DFAF5F8B5FA34D20F" box="[1340,1432,1866,1891]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9330903999999998" pageId="2" pageNumber="279" unit="ft" value="9623.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0079D1B678707B6DFAF5F8B5FA34D20F" box="[1340,1432,1866,1891]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9330903999999998" pageId="2" pageNumber="279" unit="ft" value="9623.0">9623 ft</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE60504278707B6DFF5EF891FE84D2EB" box="[151,296,1902,1927]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="279" precision="1" value="19.763916">N19°45.835’</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE60504278707B6DFEE6F891FE75D2EB" box="[303,473,1902,1927]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="279" precision="1" value="-155.45053">W155°27.032’</geoCoordinate>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D52FD0C78707B6DFE2DF890FDBCD2EB" box="[484,528,1903,1927]" pageId="2" pageNumber="279" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFAEE9AD78707B6DFDD5F890FD36D2EB" box="[540,666,1903,1927]" pageId="2" pageNumber="279" value="2014-06-04">
|
||
<date id="FFEA104578707B6DFDD5F890FD36D2EB" box="[540,666,1903,1927]" pageId="2" pageNumber="279" value="2014-06-04">4 Jun 2014</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26A1535378707B6DFD6CF88FFD53D2EB" box="[677,767,1902,1927]" pageId="2" pageNumber="279">J. Eiben</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE4078707B6DFCC7F890FCF3D2EB" box="[782,863,1903,1927]" pageId="2" pageNumber="279">UHIM</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEB368578707B6CFF0EF86DFAA0D4BC" blockId="2.[151,1436,1650,2035]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1437,151,608]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="280" pageId="2" pageNumber="279">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B3C3CD878707B6DFF0EF86DFE12D2A3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2147526601" collectingDate="1967-06-15" collectingDateMax="1967-07-01" collectingDateMin="1967-06-15" collectionCode="BPBM" collectorName="R. T. Hansen" country="United States of America" elevation="3360" location="Mauna Loa" municipality="Island" pageId="2" pageNumber="279" specimenCount="12" specimenCount-female="10" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Hawaii" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EA9778707B6DFF0EF86DFEE4D2C7" bold="true" box="[199,328,1938,1963]" pageId="2" pageNumber="279">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54EF882778707B6DFF0EF86DFEEFD2C7" box="[199,323,1938,1963]" pageId="2" pageNumber="279" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F343761578707B6DFE99F86CFD8BD2C7" box="[336,551,1939,1963]" name="United States of America" pageId="2" pageNumber="279">UNITED STATES</collectingCountry>
|
||
: HAWAI‘ I:
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EA9778707B6DFD6DF86DFD5ED2C7" bold="true" box="[676,754,1938,1963]" pageId="2" pageNumber="279">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4990F86778707B6DFD6DF86DFD5ED2C7" box="[676,754,1938,1963]" country="United States of America" name="Hawaii" pageId="2" pageNumber="279">Hawai</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
‘
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EA9778707B6DFD32F86DFCF9D2C7" bold="true" box="[763,853,1938,1963]" pageId="2" pageNumber="279">
|
||
i
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6B8FACFF78707B6DFCC2F86DFCF9D2C7" box="[779,853,1938,1963]" pageId="2" pageNumber="279">Island</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<location id="8E8B605E78707B6DFCAFF86CFC47D2C6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FD879378737B6BFF5EFB77FE92D7A0:8E8B605E78707B6DFCAFF86CFC47D2C6" box="[870,1003,1939,1962]" country="United States of America" municipality="Island" name="Mauna Loa" pageId="2" pageNumber="279" stateProvince="Hawaii">Mauna Loa</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<quantity id="4CAC9B6078707B6DFC3EF86DFBE4D2C7" box="[1015,1096,1938,1963]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.36" pageId="2" pageNumber="279" unit="m" value="3360.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0079D1B678707B6DFC3EF86DFBE4D2C7" box="[1015,1096,1938,1963]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.36" pageId="2" pageNumber="279" unit="m" value="3360.0">3360m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFEA104578707B6DFB9CF86DFA96D2C7" box="[1109,1338,1938,1963]" pageId="2" pageNumber="279" value="1967-06-15" valueMax="1967-07-01" valueMin="1967-06-15">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFAEE9AD78707B6DFB9CF86DFA96D2C7" box="[1109,1338,1938,1963]" pageId="2" pageNumber="279" value="1967-06-15" valueMax="1967-07-01" valueMin="1967-06-15">15 Jun – 1 Jul 1967</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D52FD0C78707B6DFA8FF86CFADFD2C6" box="[1350,1395,1939,1963]" pageId="2" pageNumber="279" type="male">2 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D52FD0C78707B6DFA49F86CFF00D2A3" pageId="2" pageNumber="279" type="female">10 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26A1535378707B6DFF77F847FEE2D2A3" box="[190,334,1976,1999]" pageId="2" pageNumber="279">R.T. Hansen</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE4078707B6DFEABF848FE1AD2A3" box="[354,438,1975,1999]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="2" pageNumber="279" type="Museum">BPBM</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B3C3CD878707B6DFE04F847FB0AD2A3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2147526457" box="[461,1190,1974,1999]" collectingDate="1967-07-12" collectionCode="BPBM" collectorName="R. T. Hansen" country="United States of America" elevation="3360" location="Mauna Loa" pageId="2" pageNumber="279" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<location id="8E8B605E78707B6DFE04F847FDF9D2A3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FD879378737B6BFF5EFB77FE92D7A0:8E8B605E78707B6DFE04F847FDF9D2A3" box="[461,597,1976,1999]" country="United States of America" name="Mauna Loa" pageId="2" pageNumber="279">Mauna Loa</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<quantity id="4CAC9B6078707B6DFDAFF849FD1AD2A3" box="[614,694,1974,1999]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.36" pageId="2" pageNumber="279" unit="m" value="3360.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0079D1B678707B6DFDAFF849FD1AD2A3" box="[614,694,1974,1999]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.36" pageId="2" pageNumber="279" unit="m" value="3360.0">3360m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFEA104578707B6DFD0FF848FCFAD2A3" box="[710,854,1974,1999]" pageId="2" pageNumber="279" value="1967-07-12">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFAEE9AD78707B6DFD0FF848FCFAD2A3" box="[710,854,1974,1999]" pageId="2" pageNumber="279" value="1967-07-12">12 Jul 1967</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D52FD0C78707B6DFCAFF848FC38D2A3" box="[870,916,1975,1999]" pageId="2" pageNumber="279" type="female">2 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26A1535378707B6DFC6EF847FB9BD2A3" box="[935,1079,1976,1999]" pageId="2" pageNumber="279">R.T. Hansen</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE4078707B6DFB83F848FB32D2A3" box="[1098,1182,1975,1999]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="2" pageNumber="279" type="Museum">BPBM</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B3C3CD878707B6DFB7CF847FC8FD29F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2147526456" collectingDate="1967-07-01" collectingDateMax="1967-07-03" collectingDateMin="1967-07-01" collectionCode="BPBM" collectorName="R. T. Hansen" country="United States of America" location="Mauna Loa Station" pageId="2" pageNumber="279" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<location id="8E8B605E78707B6DFB7CF847FA34D2A3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FD879378737B6BFF5EFB77FE92D7A0:8E8B605E78707B6DFB7CF847FA34D2A3" box="[1205,1432,1974,1999]" country="United States of America" name="Mauna Loa Station" pageId="2" pageNumber="279">Mauna Loa Station</location>
|
||
, 11,200’,
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFAEE9AD78707B6DFF36F824FE31D29F" box="[255,413,2010,2035]" pageId="2" pageNumber="279" value="1967-07-01" valueMax="1967-07-03" valueMin="1967-07-01">
|
||
<date id="FFEA104578707B6DFF36F824FE31D29F" box="[255,413,2010,2035]" pageId="2" pageNumber="279" value="1967-07-01" valueMax="1967-07-03" valueMin="1967-07-01">1–3 Jul 1967</date>
|
||
</collectingDate>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D52FD0C78707B6DFE64F824FE71D29E" box="[429,477,2011,2035]" pageId="2" pageNumber="279" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D52FD0C78707B6DFE27F824FDBDD29F" box="[494,529,2011,2035]" pageId="2" pageNumber="279" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26A1535378707B6DFDEDF824FD1FD29E" box="[548,691,2011,2034]" pageId="2" pageNumber="279">R.T. Hansen</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE4078707B6DFD0EF824FCB7D29F" box="[711,795,2011,2035]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="2" pageNumber="279" type="Museum">BPBM</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B3C3CD878707B6CFCFBF824FF57D5DC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2147526518" collectingDate="1967-07-13" collectionCode="BPBM" collectorName="R. T. Hansen" country="United States of America" elevation="3900" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="280" location="Mauna Kea" pageId="2" pageNumber="279" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<location id="8E8B605E78707B6DFCFBF824FC17D29E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FD879378737B6BFF5EFB77FE92D7A0:8E8B605E78707B6DFCFBF824FC17D29E" box="[818,955,2011,2034]" country="United States of America" name="Mauna Kea" pageId="2" pageNumber="279">Mauna Kea</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CAC9B6078707B6DFC02F824FBB0D29F" box="[971,1052,2011,2035]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" pageId="2" pageNumber="279" unit="m" value="3900.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0079D1B678707B6DFC02F824FBB0D29F" box="[971,1052,2011,2035]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" pageId="2" pageNumber="279" unit="m" value="3900.0">3900m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFEA104578707B6DFBE5F824FB10D29F" box="[1068,1212,2010,2035]" pageId="2" pageNumber="279" value="1967-07-13">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFAEE9AD78707B6DFBE5F824FB10D29F" box="[1068,1212,2010,2035]" pageId="2" pageNumber="279" value="1967-07-13">13 Jul 1967</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D52FD0C78707B6DFB02F824FB56D29E" box="[1227,1274,2011,2035]" pageId="2" pageNumber="279" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26A1535378707B6DFAC4F824FA30D29E" box="[1293,1436,2011,2034]" pageId="2" pageNumber="279">R.T. Hansen</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE4078717B6CFF56FF67FF5FD5DC" box="[159,243,152,176]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="3" pageNumber="280" type="Museum">BPBM</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B3C3CD878717B6CFECCFF67FC14D5DC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2147526357" box="[261,952,151,176]" collectingDate="1967-06-18" collectionCode="BPBM" collectorName="R. T. Hansen" country="United States of America" elevation="4140" location="Mauna Kea" pageId="3" pageNumber="280" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<location id="8E8B605E78717B6CFECCFF67FE26D5C3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FD879378737B6BFF5EFB77FE92D7A0:8E8B605E78717B6CFECCFF67FE26D5C3" box="[261,394,152,175]" country="United States of America" name="Mauna Kea" pageId="3" pageNumber="280">Mauna Kea</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CAC9B6078717B6CFE5FFF67FE4BD5DC" box="[406,487,152,176]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.14" pageId="3" pageNumber="280" unit="m" value="4140.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0079D1B678717B6CFE5FFF67FE4BD5DC" box="[406,487,152,176]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.14" pageId="3" pageNumber="280" unit="m" value="4140.0">4140m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFEA104578717B6CFE38FF67FDD3D5DC" box="[497,639,151,176]" pageId="3" pageNumber="280" value="1967-06-18">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFAEE9AD78717B6CFE38FF67FDD3D5DC" box="[497,639,151,176]" pageId="3" pageNumber="280" value="1967-06-18">18 Jun 1967</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D52FD0C78717B6CFD40FF67FD18D5C3" box="[649,692,152,176]" pageId="3" pageNumber="280" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26A1535378717B6CFD0BFF67FCE0D5C3" box="[706,844,152,175]" pageId="3" pageNumber="280">R.T. Hansen</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE4078717B6CFC95FF67FC1CD5DC" box="[860,944,152,176]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="3" pageNumber="280" type="Museum">BPBM</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B3C3CD878717B6CFC0BFF67FE63D5B8" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2147526454" collectingDate="1967-04-18" collectingDateMax="1967-06-02" collectingDateMin="1967-04-18" collectionCode="BPBM" collectorName="R. T. Hansen" country="United States of America" elevation="4140" location="Mauna Kea" pageId="3" pageNumber="280" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="3" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<location id="8E8B605E78717B6CFC0BFF67FBEBD5C3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FD879378737B6BFF5EFB77FE92D7A0:8E8B605E78717B6CFC0BFF67FBEBD5C3" box="[962,1095,152,175]" country="United States of America" name="Mauna Kea" pageId="3" pageNumber="280">Mauna Kea</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4CAC9B6078717B6CFB9BFF67FB08D5DC" box="[1106,1188,152,176]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.14" pageId="3" pageNumber="280" unit="m" value="4140.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0079D1B678717B6CFB9BFF67FB08D5DC" box="[1106,1188,152,176]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.14" pageId="3" pageNumber="280" unit="m" value="4140.0">4140m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFEA104578717B6CFB67FF67FA34D5DC" box="[1198,1432,151,176]" pageId="3" pageNumber="280" value="1967-04-18" valueMax="1967-06-02" valueMin="1967-04-18">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFAEE9AD78717B6CFB67FF67FA34D5DC" box="[1198,1432,151,176]" pageId="3" pageNumber="280" value="1967-04-18" valueMax="1967-06-02" valueMin="1967-04-18">18 Apr – 2 Jun 1967</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D52FD0C78717B6CFF5EFF43FF6FD5B8" box="[151,195,188,212]" pageId="3" pageNumber="280" type="female">3 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26A1535378717B6CFF1DFF42FECDD5B8" box="[212,353,189,212]" pageId="3" pageNumber="280">R.T. Hansen</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE4078717B6CFEBAFF43FE6BD5B8" box="[371,455,188,212]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="3" pageNumber="280" type="Museum">BPBM</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B3C3CD878717B6CFE15FF42FEE7D594" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2147526455" collectingDate="2005-05-10" collectionCode="UHIM" collectorName="A. Prestes" country="United States of America" location="Mauna Kea Summit area" pageId="3" pageNumber="280" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<location id="8E8B605E78717B6CFE15FF42FD52D5B8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FD879378737B6BFF5EFB77FE92D7A0:8E8B605E78717B6CFE15FF42FD52D5B8" box="[476,766,188,213]" country="United States of America" name="Mauna Kea Summit area" pageId="3" pageNumber="280">Mauna Kea Summit area</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFEA104578717B6CFCC5FF43FC07D5B9" box="[780,939,188,213]" pageId="3" pageNumber="280" value="2005-05-10">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFAEE9AD78717B6CFCC5FF43FC07D5B9" box="[780,939,188,213]" pageId="3" pageNumber="280" value="2005-05-10">10 May 2005</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D52FD0C78717B6CFC71FF43FC4BD5B8" box="[952,999,188,212]" pageId="3" pageNumber="280" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D52FD0C78717B6CFC3FFF43FB8ED5B8" box="[1014,1058,188,212]" pageId="3" pageNumber="280" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26A1535378717B6CFBFAFF43FB06D5B8" box="[1075,1194,188,212]" pageId="3" pageNumber="280">A. Prestes</collectorName>
|
||
, (vouchers AP116 & AP117;
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE4078717B6CFF3AFF1FFEEFD594" box="[243,323,224,248]" pageId="3" pageNumber="280">UHIM</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B3C3CD878717B6CFE9FFF20FF54D470" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2147526354" collectingDate="2013-07-01" collectionCode="UHIM" collectorName="J. Eiben" country="United States of America" elevation="2822" location="lower Halepohaku" municipality="Maunakea" pageId="3" pageNumber="280" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6B8FACFF78717B6CFE9FFF20FE62D594" box="[342,462,223,248]" pageId="3" pageNumber="280">Maunakea</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8E8B605E78717B6CFE13FF20FD05D594" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FD879378737B6BFF5EFB77FE92D7A0:8E8B605E78717B6CFE13FF20FD05D594" box="[474,681,223,248]" country="United States of America" municipality="Maunakea" name="lower Halepohaku" pageId="3" pageNumber="280">lower Halepōhaku</location>
|
||
parking lot,
|
||
<quantity id="4CAC9B6078717B6CFCF2FF20FC3FD594" box="[827,915,223,248]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.822448" pageId="3" pageNumber="280" unit="ft" value="9260.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0079D1B678717B6CFCF2FF20FC3FD594" box="[827,915,223,248]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.822448" pageId="3" pageNumber="280" unit="ft" value="9260.0">9,260 ft</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
19.7609 -155.4561:
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D52FD0C78717B6CFB48FF1FFB00D59B" box="[1153,1196,224,248]" pageId="3" pageNumber="280" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFEA104578717B6CFB72FF1FFA99D594" box="[1211,1333,223,248]" pageId="3" pageNumber="280" value="2013-07-01">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFAEE9AD78717B6CFB72FF1FFA99D594" box="[1211,1333,223,248]" pageId="3" pageNumber="280" value="2013-07-01">1 Jul 2013</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26A1535378717B6CFA88FF1FFA30D594" box="[1345,1436,223,248]" pageId="3" pageNumber="280">J. Eiben</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE4078717B6CFF56FEFBFF5CD470" box="[159,240,260,284]" pageId="3" pageNumber="280">UHIM</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B3C3CD878717B6CFEC8FEFBFEECD42C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2147526356" collectingDate="2014-07-23" collectionCode="UHIM" collectorName="J. Eiben" country="United States of America" latitude="19.1052" location="Halepohaku region" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-155.11514" municipality="Maunakea" pageId="3" pageNumber="280" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6B8FACFF78717B6CFEC8FEFBFED5D471" box="[257,377,260,285]" pageId="3" pageNumber="280">Maunakea</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="8E8B605E78717B6CFE4DFEFBFDF0D471" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FD879378737B6BFF5EFB77FE92D7A0:8E8B605E78717B6CFE4DFEFBFDF0D471" box="[388,604,260,285]" country="United States of America" latitude="19.1052" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-155.11514" municipality="Maunakea" name="Halepohaku region" pageId="3" pageNumber="280">Halepōhaku region</location>
|
||
, 10,538’,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE60504278717B6CFD03FEFBFCE1D471" box="[714,845,260,285]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="280" precision="1" value="19.1052">N19°6.312’</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE60504278717B6CFC9DFEFBFC42D471" box="[852,1006,260,285]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="280" precision="1" value="-155.11514">W155°6.909’</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFEA104578717B6CFC30FEFBFBD3D470" box="[1017,1151,260,285]" pageId="3" pageNumber="280" value="2014-07-23">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFAEE9AD78717B6CFC30FEFBFBD3D470" box="[1017,1151,260,285]" pageId="3" pageNumber="280" value="2014-07-23">23 Jul 2014</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D52FD0C78717B6CFB40FEFBFB1ED470" box="[1161,1202,260,284]" pageId="3" pageNumber="280" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
(slide LB80),
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D52FD0C78717B6CFA9AFEFBFAD1D470" box="[1363,1405,260,284]" pageId="3" pageNumber="280" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26A1535378717B6CFA43FEFAFF74D42C" pageId="3" pageNumber="280">J. Eiben</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE4078717B6CFF21FED7FE95D42C" box="[232,313,296,320]" pageId="3" pageNumber="280">UHIM</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B3C3CD878717B6CFE85FED8FAA0D4BC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2147526460" collectingDate="2005-05-29" collectingDateMax="2016-05-05" collectingDateMin="2005-05-29" collectionCode="UHIM, VLBA" collectorName="J. Eiben & M. J. Medeiros & J. Yoshina" country="United States of America" location="Halepohaku" municipality="Maunakea" pageId="3" pageNumber="280" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-female="3" specimenCount-male="2" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6B8FACFF78717B6CFE85FED8FE68D42C" box="[332,452,295,320]" pageId="3" pageNumber="280">Maunakea</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
, summit region, ~13,000’, 19.8194 -155.4745 batch plant parking lot,
|
||
<date id="FFEA104578717B6CFB14FED8FACBD42C" box="[1245,1383,295,320]" pageId="3" pageNumber="280" value="2012-08-06">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFAEE9AD78717B6CFB14FED8FACBD42C" box="[1245,1383,295,320]" pageId="3" pageNumber="280" value="2012-08-06">6 Aug 2012</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D52FD0C78717B6CFABBFED7FA30D453" box="[1394,1436,296,320]" pageId="3" pageNumber="280" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
(slides LB81 and LB81 “wings),
|
||
<collectorName id="26A1535378717B6CFDDEFEB2FDDFD409" box="[535,627,332,357]" pageId="3" pageNumber="280">J. Eiben</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE4078717B6CFD4CFEB3FD7AD408" box="[645,726,332,356]" pageId="3" pageNumber="280">UHIM</collectionCode>
|
||
). Maunakea, west of
|
||
<location id="8E8B605E78717B6CFC04FEB3FBFBD409" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FD879378737B6BFF5EFB77FE92D7A0:8E8B605E78717B6CFC04FEB3FBFBD409" box="[973,1111,332,357]" country="United States of America" municipality="Maunakea" name="Halepohaku" pageId="3" pageNumber="280">Halepōhaku</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFEA104578717B6CFBACFEB3FB5AD409" box="[1125,1270,332,357]" pageId="3" pageNumber="280" value="2016-05-05">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFAEE9AD78717B6CFBACFEB3FB5AD409" box="[1125,1270,332,357]" pageId="3" pageNumber="280" value="2016-05-05">5 May 2016</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D52FD0C78717B6CFACBFEB3FA83D408" box="[1282,1327,332,356]" pageId="3" pageNumber="280" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26A1535378717B6CFA89FEB2FA30D409" box="[1344,1436,332,357]" pageId="3" pageNumber="280">J. Eiben</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE4078717B6CFF56FE8FFF5CD4E4" box="[159,240,368,392]" pageId="3" pageNumber="280">UHIM</collectionCode>
|
||
). Mauna Loa, 10,800’, 19.6239 -155.5852:
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D52FD0C78717B6CFD2DFE8FFCBED4EB" box="[740,786,368,392]" pageId="3" pageNumber="280" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFEA104578717B6CFCE9FE8FFC17D4E4" box="[800,955,367,392]" pageId="3" pageNumber="280" value="2005-05-29">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFAEE9AD78717B6CFCE9FE8FFC17D4E4" box="[800,955,367,392]" pageId="3" pageNumber="280" value="2005-05-29">29 May 2005</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26A1535378717B6CFC00FE8FFBC2D4E4" box="[969,1134,367,392]" pageId="3" pageNumber="280">M.J. Medeiros</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE4078717B6CFBB6FE8FFB7CD4E4" box="[1151,1232,368,392]" pageId="3" pageNumber="280">UHIM</collectionCode>
|
||
). Maunakea, puʻu south of the Very Long Baseline Array (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE4078717B6CFD95FE6BFD00D4C0" box="[604,684,404,428]" pageId="3" pageNumber="280">VLBA</collectionCode>
|
||
) radio observatory, ~12,140ʻ, 19.7978 -155.4575,
|
||
<date id="FFEA104578717B6CFB2CFE6BFAF3D4C0" box="[1253,1375,404,429]" pageId="3" pageNumber="280" value="2014-07-08">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFAEE9AD78717B6CFB2CFE6BFAF3D4C0" box="[1253,1375,404,429]" pageId="3" pageNumber="280" value="2014-07-08">8 Jul 2014</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D52FD0C78717B6CFAA3FE6BFA3BD4C0" box="[1386,1431,404,428]" pageId="3" pageNumber="280" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26A1535378717B6CFF5EFE47FF5DD4BC" box="[151,241,439,464]" pageId="3" pageNumber="280">J. Eiben</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE4078717B6CFEC9FE47FEFDD4BC" box="[256,337,440,464]" pageId="3" pageNumber="280">UHIM</collectionCode>
|
||
). Maunakea, batch plant parking lot, ~13,000ʻ
|
||
<date id="FFEA104578717B6CFC94FE47FC46D4BC" box="[861,1002,440,464]" pageId="3" pageNumber="280" value="2014-06-12">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EFAEE9AD78717B6CFC94FE47FC46D4BC" box="[861,1002,440,464]" pageId="3" pageNumber="280" value="2014-06-12">12 Jun 2014</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D52FD0C78717B6CFC3CFE47FBB3D4A3" box="[1013,1055,440,464]" pageId="3" pageNumber="280" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="26A1535378717B6CFBE4FE47FB0DD4BC" box="[1069,1185,439,464]" pageId="3" pageNumber="280">J. Yoshina</collectorName>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED45AE4078717B6CFB66FE47FAACD4BC" box="[1199,1280,440,464]" pageId="3" pageNumber="280">UHIM</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34E650E78717B6CFF07FE23FC01D70C" pageId="3" pageNumber="280" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEB368578717B6CFF07FE23FC01D70C" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,608]" pageId="3" pageNumber="280">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EA9778717B6CFF07FE23FEF9D499" bold="true" box="[206,341,476,501]" pageId="3" pageNumber="280">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The Hawaiian term “hele lā” means to travel by day, as opposed to “hele pō,” to travel by night. A beloved Hawaiian goddesses of Oʻahu
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F343761578717B6CFDA8FE00FD09D774" box="[609,677,511,536]" name="Iceland" pageId="3" pageNumber="280">Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
is Kaiona, patroness of travelers; her home is on the summit of Kaʻala, and she is referred to as ka wahine hele lā (the woman who travels by day).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D0678717B6CFBF6FDDBFB77D751" authorityName="Kirkpatrick & Prestes & Eiben & Rubinoff" authorityYear="2019" box="[1087,1243,548,573]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Agrotis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="280" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="helela">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EA9778717B6CFBF6FDDBFB77D751" box="[1087,1243,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="280">Agrotis helela</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, therefore, refers to the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D0678717B6CFF14FDB7FE82D733" authorityName="Ochsenheimer" authorityYear="1816" box="[221,302,584,607]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Agrotis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="280" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EA9778717B6CFF14FDB7FE82D733" box="[221,302,584,607]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="280">Agrotis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
moth that flies diurnally, though only on Hawai‘i
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F343761578717B6CFCA8FDB8FC05D70C" box="[865,937,583,608]" name="Iceland" pageId="3" pageNumber="280">Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF2B660D78717B6CFF5EF8CAFBB7D206" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2946759/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="280" startId="3.[151,250,1845,1867]" targetBox="[151,1436,686,1832]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEB368578717B6CFF5EF8CAFBB7D206" blockId="3.[151,1436,1845,1898]" pageId="3" pageNumber="280">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EA9778717B6CFF5EF8CAFEB8D226" bold="true" box="[151,276,1845,1867]" pageId="3" pageNumber="280">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
A: Wing venation of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D0678717B6CFE31F8C9FDF8D227" authorityName="Kirkpatrick & Prestes & Eiben & Rubinoff" authorityYear="2019" box="[504,596,1845,1867]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Agrotis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="280" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="helela">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EA9778717B6CFE31F8C9FDF8D227" box="[504,596,1845,1867]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="280">A. helela</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(from slide LB81 “wings”). B: Wing venation of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D0678717B6CFB93F8C9FB4ED227" authorityName="Kirkpatrick & Prestes & Eiben & Rubinoff" authorityYear="2019" box="[1114,1250,1845,1867]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Agrotis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="280" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kuamauna">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EA9778717B6CFB93F8C9FB4ED227" box="[1114,1250,1845,1867]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="280">A. kuamauna</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(from slide LB82 “wings”). C:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D0678717B6CFED4F8ABFE0FD206" authorityName="Kirkpatrick & Prestes & Eiben & Rubinoff" authorityYear="2019" box="[285,419,1876,1898]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Agrotis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="280" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kuamauna">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EA9778717B6CFED4F8ABFE0FD206" box="[285,419,1876,1898]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="280">A. kuamauna</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
larva, length = 20mm. D:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D0678717B6CFD66F8ABFC99D206" authorityName="Kirkpatrick & Prestes & Eiben & Rubinoff" authorityYear="2019" box="[687,821,1876,1898]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Agrotis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="280" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kuamauna">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EA9778717B6CFD66F8ABFC99D206" box="[687,821,1876,1898]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="280">A. kuamauna</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
pupa, length = 15mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34E650E78717B6BFF07F86EFE92D7A0" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="281" pageId="3" pageNumber="280" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEB368578717B6BFF07F86EFD27D42C" blockId="3.[151,1437,1937,2034]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1436,151,717]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="281" pageId="3" pageNumber="280">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EA9778717B6CFF07F86EFEEED2C6" bold="true" box="[206,322,1937,1962]" pageId="3" pageNumber="280">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D0678717B6CFE85F86DFE18D2C6" authorityName="Kirkpatrick & Prestes & Eiben & Rubinoff" authorityYear="2019" box="[332,436,1937,1962]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Agrotis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="280" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="helela">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EA9778717B6CFE85F86DFE18D2C6" box="[332,436,1937,1962]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="280">A. helela</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is diurnal and occurs on both Maunakea and Maunaloa volcanoes. On Maunakea,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D0678717B6CFA4DF86DFF70D2A2" authorityName="Kirkpatrick & Prestes & Eiben & Rubinoff" authorityYear="2019" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Agrotis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="280" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="helela">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EA9778717B6CFA4DF86DFF70D2A2" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="280">A. helela</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are commonly found flying throughout the alpine region on sunny days, even during high winds. Additionally, adults have been observed on flowers of the endemic silversword,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D0678717B6CFBE2F826FAF6D29D" box="[1067,1370,2009,2034]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Argyroxiphium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="3" pageNumber="280" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sanwicense">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EA9778717B6CFBE2F826FAF6D29D" box="[1067,1370,2009,2034]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="280">Argyroxiphium sanwicense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
subs.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D0678767B6BFF5EFF68FE88D5DC" baseAuthorityName="Zimmerman" baseAuthorityYear="1958" box="[151,292,151,176]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Argyroxiphium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="4" pageNumber="281" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sandwicense">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EA9778767B6BFF5EFF68FE88D5DC" box="[151,292,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="281">sandwicense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
that exist in the alpine and subalpine ecosystems on Maunakea. Although we lack information on the larval and pupal stages of this species, we hypothesize that adults occur across the alpine or subalpine region of the volcano, and may facilitate pollination of the Maunakea silversword.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D0678767B6BFC6FFF1FFBE8D594" authorityName="Kirkpatrick & Prestes & Eiben & Rubinoff" authorityYear="2019" box="[934,1092,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Agrotis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="281" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="helela">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EA9778767B6BFC6FFF1FFBE8D594" box="[934,1092,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="281">Agrotis helela</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
joins the apparently extinct
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D0678767B6BFA4DFF1FFEC1D471" authority="Meyrick" authorityName="Meyrick. The" authorityYear="1899" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Agrotis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="281" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="microreas">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EA9778767B6BFA4DFF1FFEAAD470" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="281">A. microreas</emphasis>
|
||
Meyrick
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(http://hbs.bishopmuseum.org/endangered/ext-insects.html) as the second Hawaiian species to be conspicuously smaller than its congeners.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEB368578767B6BFF0EFEB3FE92D7A0" blockId="4.[151,1436,151,717]" pageId="4" pageNumber="281">
|
||
This
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D0678767B6BFEC8FEB3FEFED40F" authorityName="Ochsenheimer" authorityYear="1816" box="[257,338,332,355]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Agrotis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="281" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EA9778767B6BFEC8FEB3FEFED40F" box="[257,338,332,355]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="281">Agrotis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species is not the only diurnal member of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D0678767B6BFCA3FEB3FC62D409" authorityName="Harris" authorityYear="1841" box="[874,974,332,357]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="281" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Agrotina">Agrotina</taxonomicName>
|
||
subtribe of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D0678767B6BFB4DFEB3FAD4D409" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1809" box="[1156,1400,332,357]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="281" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Noctuini">Noctuini (Noctuidae)</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as several species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D0678767B6BFEBFFE90FE15D4E4" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1856" box="[374,441,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Feltia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="281" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EA9778767B6BFEBFFE90FE15D4E4" box="[374,441,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="281">Feltia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the sister genus to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D0678767B6BFD7FFE8FFCA4D4EB" authorityName="Ochsenheimer" authorityYear="1816" box="[694,776,368,391]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Agrotis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="281" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EA9778767B6BFD7FFE8FFCA4D4EB" box="[694,776,368,391]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="281">Agrotis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, are diurnal as well. These include
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D0678767B6BFB09FE90FE0CD4C1" authority="(Lafontaine)" authorityName="Lafontaine" baseAuthorityName="Lafontaine" baseAuthorityYear="1986" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Feltia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="281" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="woodiana" subGenus="Trichosilia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EA9778767B6BFB09FE90FEAAD4C1" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="281">Feltia (Trichosilia) woodiana</emphasis>
|
||
(Lafontaine)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D0678767B6BFE2FFE6BFC70D4C1" authority="Lafontaine" authorityName="Lafontaine" authorityYear="2004" box="[486,988,404,429]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Feltia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="281" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="troubridgei" subGenus="Trichosilia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EA9778767B6BFE2FFE6BFCFDD4C1" box="[486,849,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="281">Feltia (Trichosilia) troubridgei</emphasis>
|
||
Lafontaine
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, both from northern
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4990F86778767B6BFB2AFE6BFA34D4C1" box="[1251,1432,404,429]" country="Canada" name="Yukon" pageId="4" pageNumber="281">Yukon territory</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F343761578767B6BFF5EFE48FF42D4BC" box="[151,238,439,464]" name="Canada" pageId="4" pageNumber="281">Canada</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D0678767B6BFF36FE48FD4FD4BC" authority="(Lafontaine)" authorityName="Lafontaine" baseAuthorityName="Lafontaine" baseAuthorityYear="1986" box="[255,739,439,464]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Feltia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="281" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boreana" subGenus="Trichosilia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EA9778767B6BFF36FE48FDEAD4BC" box="[255,582,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="281">Feltia (Trichosilia) boreana</emphasis>
|
||
(Lafontaine)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which ranges from Hudson Bay,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F343761578767B6BFB4CFE48FB70D4BC" box="[1157,1244,439,464]" name="Canada" pageId="4" pageNumber="281">Canada</collectingCountry>
|
||
, to northeastern
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4990F86778767B6BFF5EFE23FF44D499" box="[151,232,476,501]" country="United States of America" name="Alaska" pageId="4" pageNumber="281">Alaska</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F343761578767B6BFF3DFE23FEEFD498" box="[244,323,476,500]" name="United States of America" pageId="4" pageNumber="281">U.S.A.</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D0678767B6BFE49FE23FBB6D499" authority="(Lafontaine & Kononenko)" authorityName="Lafontaine & Kononenko" baseAuthorityName="Lafontaine & Kononenko" baseAuthorityYear="1986" box="[384,1050,476,501]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Feltia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="281" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="beringiana" subGenus="Trichosilia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EA9778767B6BFE49FE23FD76D499" box="[384,730,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="281">Feltia (Trichosilia) beringiana</emphasis>
|
||
(Lafontaine & Kononenko)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, from northern
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4990F86778767B6BFB02FE23FABBD499" box="[1227,1303,476,501]" country="Canada" name="Yukon" pageId="4" pageNumber="281">Yukon</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F343761578767B6BFAEAFE23FAD6D499" box="[1315,1402,476,501]" name="Canada" pageId="4" pageNumber="281">Canada</collectingCountry>
|
||
, to northeastern
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4990F86778767B6BFEE3FE00FED7D774" box="[298,379,511,536]" country="United States of America" name="Alaska" pageId="4" pageNumber="281">Alaska</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F343761578767B6BFE41FDFFFE7BD774" box="[392,471,512,536]" name="United States of America" pageId="4" pageNumber="281">U.S.A.</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="4990F86778767B6BFDDFFE00FD2FD774" box="[534,643,511,536]" country="Russia" name="Chukotka" pageId="4" pageNumber="281">Chukotka</collectingRegion>
|
||
in northeastern Siberia,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F343761578767B6BFC57FE00FC40D774" box="[926,1004,511,536]" name="Russia" pageId="4" pageNumber="281">Russia</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Each of these four
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D0678767B6BFB1DFE00FABBD774" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1856" box="[1236,1303,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Feltia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="281" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EA9778767B6BFB1DFE00FABBD774" box="[1236,1303,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="281">Feltia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species are similar in phenotype to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D0678767B6BFE64FDDBFDB9D751" authorityName="Kirkpatrick & Prestes & Eiben & Rubinoff" authorityYear="2019" box="[429,533,548,573]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Agrotis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="281" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="helela">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EA9778767B6BFE64FDDBFDB9D751" box="[429,533,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="281">A. helela</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in being smaller than their congeners. The small body size and diurnal flight behaviors of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D0678767B6BFEE2FDB7FE3CD70C" authorityName="Kirkpatrick & Prestes & Eiben & Rubinoff" authorityYear="2019" box="[299,400,583,608]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Agrotis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="281" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="helela">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EA9778767B6BFEE2FDB7FE3CD70C" box="[299,400,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="281">A. helela</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C544D0678767B6BFE01FDB8FDA7D70C" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1856" box="[456,523,583,608]" class="Insecta" family="Noctuidae" genus="Feltia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="281" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EA9778767B6BFE01FDB8FDA7D70C" box="[456,523,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="281">Feltia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species are consistent with evolutionary adaptations of arthropods that persist in alpine and high latitude environments (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC54B7478767B6BFDB9FD93FCBED7E8" author="Somme, L." box="[624,786,620,644]" pageId="4" pageNumber="281" pagination="367 - 407" refId="ref5271" refString="Somme, L. (1989) Adaptations of terrestrial arthropods to the alpine environment. Biological Reviews, 64 (4), 367 - 407. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1469 - 185 X. 1989. tb 00681. x" type="journal article" year="1989">Somme 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="B920EA9778767B6BFCE5FD92FC0ED7E8" box="[812,930,621,644]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="281">Specimens</emphasis>
|
||
AP116, AP117, and 05A54 had the COI “barcode” region sequenced with primer pairs LCO/HCO (Appendix 1) and have Genbank accession codes listed in Appendix 2.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |