247 lines
26 KiB
XML
247 lines
26 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="B658BD9AB9145F8B6798F6D1DC6C8DAD">Updating the knowledge of the flower flies (Diptera: Syrphidae) from Chile: Illustrated catalog, extinction risk and biological notes</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="71A2235FC72F9F286713F7AA8EE2E27F">Barahona-Segovia, Rodrigo M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="4C18313C48DCCAB9ACFF15A13A932AFC">Riera, Pamela</mods:namePart>
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<taxonomicName id="4C5489D5FF801862FF270EC8FD68FDCD" ID-CoL="3KTTR" authority="Shannon & Aubertin, 1933" authorityName="Shannon & Aubertin" authorityYear="1933" box="[151,728,510,537]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Hemixylota" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="varipes">
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<emphasis id="B9202E44FF801862FF270EC8FE31FDCC" bold="true" box="[151,385,510,537]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Hemixylota varipes</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC58FA7FF801862FE380EC8FD68FDCD" author="Shannon, R. C. & Aubertin, D." box="[392,728,510,536]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" pagination="120 - 170" refId="ref139210" refString="Shannon, R. C. & Aubertin, D. (1933) Syrphidae. In: Diptera of Patagonia and South Chile. Part 6. Fascicle 3. British Museum (Natural History), London, pp. 120 - 170." type="book chapter" year="1933">Shannon & Aubertin, 1933</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B9202E44FF801862FF270D75FEEDFD8E" box="[151,349,579,603]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Hemixylota varipes</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC58FA7FF801862FED30D75FD18FD8E" author="Shannon, R. C. & Aubertin, D." box="[355,680,579,603]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" pagination="120 - 170" refId="ref139210" refString="Shannon, R. C. & Aubertin, D. (1933) Syrphidae. In: Diptera of Patagonia and South Chile. Part 6. Fascicle 3. British Museum (Natural History), London, pp. 120 - 170." type="book chapter" year="1933">Shannon & Aubertin, 1933: 147</bibRefCitation>
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<materialsCitation id="3B3CF80BFF801862FF270DBFFCEFFD71" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3080455350" box="[151,863,649,676]" collectionCode="BMNH" country="Argentina" location="Argentina" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="B9202E44FF801862FF270DBFFE17FD76" bold="true" box="[151,423,649,675]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
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<typeStatus id="54EF4CF4FF801862FF270DBFFF62FD76" box="[151,210,649,675]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Type</typeStatus>
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locality and data.
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“Ensenada.
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” (T,
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,
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)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BEBF256FF801862FF770D9BFB4DFD3E" blockId="58.[151,1437,649,1180]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
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<emphasis id="B9202E44FF801862FF770D9BFE2BFD12" box="[199,411,685,711]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Material examined</emphasis>
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:
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<materialsCitation id="3B3CF80BFF801862FE190D98FD83FD3E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3080455079" collectingDate="1982-12-29" collectionCode="CNC" collectorName=" A. Newton " location="Los Lagos" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Los Lagos">
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<collectingRegion id="49903CB4FF801862FE190D98FD92FD1D" box="[425,546,686,712]" country="Chile" name="Los Lagos" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Los Lagos</collectingRegion>
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:
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<specimenCount id="9D5239DFFF801862FD9C0D9BFDFFFD12" box="[556,591,685,711]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
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, Volcán Villarrica,
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<collectingDate id="EFAE2D7EFF801862FC960D9BFC02FD12" box="[806,946,685,711]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" value="1982-12-29">29.XII.1982</collectingDate>
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</date>
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,
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<collectorName id="26A19780FF801862FC0C0D98FBDEFD1D" box="[956,1134,686,712]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Leg. A. Newton</collectorName>
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&
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<collectorName id="26A19780FF801862FB200D98FAB5FD12" box="[1168,1285,685,712]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">M. Thayer</collectorName>
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(
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<collectionCode id="ED456A93FF801862FAA40D9BFAE3FD12" box="[1300,1363,685,711]" country="Canada" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/y2kv-9w3k" name="Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and Nematodes" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">CNC</collectionCode>
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);
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<collectorName id="26A19780FF801862FAD60D9BFF59FD39" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Casa Pangue</collectorName>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC58FA7FF801862FF480DE7FD9BFD3E" author="Shannon, R. C. & Aubertin, D." box="[248,555,721,747]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" pagination="120 - 170" refId="ref139210" refString="Shannon, R. C. & Aubertin, D. (1933) Syrphidae. In: Diptera of Patagonia and South Chile. Part 6. Fascicle 3. British Museum (Natural History), London, pp. 120 - 170." type="book chapter" year="1933">Shannon & Aubertin, 1933</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</materialsCitation>
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,
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<materialsCitation id="3B3CF80BFF801862FD8F0DE7FB49FD3E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3080454920" box="[575,1273,721,748]" collectingDate="1926-12-10" collectionCode="CNC" collectorName="Leg. F." location="Los Lagos" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Los Lagos">
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<specimenCount id="9D5239DFFF801862FD8F0DE7FDD2FD3E" box="[575,610,721,747]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
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, same locality,
|
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<date id="FFEAD496FF801862FCA10DE7FC2CFD3E" box="[785,924,721,747]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" value="1926-12-10">
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<collectingDate id="EFAE2D7EFF801862FCA10DE7FC2CFD3E" box="[785,924,721,747]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" value="1926-12-10">10.XII.1926</collectingDate>
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</date>
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,
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<collectorName id="26A19780FF801862FC180DE4FC46FD39" box="[936,1014,722,748]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Leg. F.</collectorName>
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& M. Edwards (
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<collectionCode id="ED456A93FF801862FB010DE7FB40FD3E" box="[1201,1264,721,747]" country="Canada" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/y2kv-9w3k" name="Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and Nematodes" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">CNC</collectionCode>
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)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34EA1DDFF801862FF770DC3FBCFFC3D" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BEBF256FF801862FF770DC3FCD9FCA9" blockId="58.[151,1437,649,1180]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
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<emphasis id="B9202E44FF801862FF770DC3FEE0FCDA" bold="true" box="[199,336,757,783]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">References.</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC58FA7FF801862FEEA0DC3FD7CFCDA" author="Shannon, R. C. & Aubertin, D." box="[346,716,757,783]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" pagination="120 - 170" refId="ref139210" refString="Shannon, R. C. & Aubertin, D. (1933) Syrphidae. In: Diptera of Patagonia and South Chile. Part 6. Fascicle 3. British Museum (Natural History), London, pp. 120 - 170." type="book chapter" year="1933">Shannon & Aubertin, 1933: 148</bibRefCitation>
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(desc.), fig. 30 (face, lateral);
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC58FA7FF801862FB820DC3FABEFCDA" author="Stuardo, C." box="[1074,1294,757,783]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" refId="ref140025" refString="Stuardo, C. (1946) Catalogo de los Dipteros de Chile. Ministerio de Agricultura, Chile, Santiago, 251 pp." type="book" year="1946">Stuardo, 1946: 126</bibRefCitation>
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(cat.);
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC58FA7FF801862FAD30DC3FEA5FCE1" author="Hull, F. M." pageId="58" pageNumber="59" pagination="257 - 408" refId="ref130373" refString="Hull, F. M. (1949 b) The morphology and inter - relationships of the genera of syrphid flies, recent and fossil. Transactions of The Zoological Society of London, 26, 257 - 408. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1949. tb 00224. x" type="journal article" year="1949">Hull, 1949b: 375</bibRefCitation>
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(desc.);
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC58FA7FF801862FEC50C2FFD81FCE6" author="Fluke, C. L." box="[373,561,793,820]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" pagination="1 - 181" refId="ref128681" refString="Fluke, C. L. (1957) Catalog of the family Syrphidae in the Neotropical Region. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 7, 1 - 181." type="journal article" year="1957">Fluke, 1957: 112</bibRefCitation>
|
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(desc.);
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC58FA7FF801862FD200C2FFCC8FCE1" author="Etcheverry, M." box="[656,888,793,820]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" pagination="1 - 144" refId="ref127618" refString="Etcheverry, M. (1963) Descripciones originales, sinonimia y distribucion geografica de las especies de la familia Syrphidae (Diptera) en Chile. Publicaciones del Centro de Estudios Entomologicos, 5, 1 - 144." type="journal article" year="1963">Etcheverry, 1963: 50</bibRefCitation>
|
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(cat.);
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC58FA7FF801862FC760C2FFAB4FCE6" author="Thompson, F. C." box="[966,1284,793,819]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" pagination="73 - 215" refId="ref140281" refString="Thompson, F. C. (1972 b) A contribution to a generic revision of the Neotropical Milesiinae (Diptera, Syrphidae). Arquivos de Zoologia, Sao Paulo, 23, 73 - 215." type="journal article" year="1972">Thompson, 1972b: 172–173</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, fig. 71 (male genitalia), 71a (aedeagus and apodeme), 71e (ejaculatory apodeme), 71s (sternum),
|
||
<quantity id="4CAC5FB3FF801862FBF70C0BFBDAFC82" box="[1095,1130,829,855]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="7.1" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" unit="t" value="71.0">71t</quantity>
|
||
(tergum) (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5489D5FF801862FB530C0BFAEBFC82" authorityName="Rondani" authorityYear="1845" box="[1251,1371,829,855]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Milesiinae">Milesiinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
rev.);
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC58FA7FF801862FF270C57FE7DFCAE" author="Thompson, F. & Vockeroth, J. R. & Sedman, Y. S." box="[151,461,865,892]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" pagination="1 - 195" refId="ref141458" refString="Thompson, F. C, Vockeroth, J. R. & Sedman, Y. S. (1976) Family Syrphidae. In: Papavero, N. (Ed.), A catalog of the Diptera of the Americas south of the United States. Edanee, Sao Paulo, pp. 1 - 195. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 49898" type="book chapter" year="1976">
|
||
Thompson
|
||
<emphasis id="B9202E44FF801862FEA60C54FEFEFCAE" box="[278,334,865,891]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 1976: 121
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(cat.);
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC58FA7FF801862FDAC0C57FCAFFCAE" author="Thompson, F. C." box="[540,799,865,891]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" pagination="321 - 378" refId="ref140621" refString="Thompson, F. C. (1999 a) A key to the genera of the flower flies (Diptera, Syrphidae) of the Neotropical Region including descriptions of new genera and species and a glossary of taxonomic terms used. Contributions on Entomology International, 3, 321 - 378." type="journal article" year="1999">Thompson, 1999a: 334</bibRefCitation>
|
||
(key).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEBF256FF801862FF770CB3FD10FC4A" blockId="58.[151,1437,649,1180]" box="[199,672,901,927]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9202E44FF801862FF770CB3FE1FFC4A" bold="true" box="[199,431,901,927]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">World distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F343B2C6FF801862FE060CB3FD95FC4A" box="[438,549,901,927]" name="Argentina" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F343B2C6FF801862FDEC0CB3FD2CFC4A" box="[604,668,901,927]" name="Chile" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Chile</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEBF256FF801862FF770C9FFCC8FC16" blockId="58.[151,1437,649,1180]" box="[199,888,937,964]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9202E44FF801862FF770C9FFE70FC16" bold="true" box="[199,448,937,963]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Chilean distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Only recorded from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49903CB4FF801862FD1D0C9CFCC4FC16" box="[685,884,937,964]" country="Chile" name="Los Lagos" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Los Lagos region</collectingRegion>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEBF256FF801862FF770CFBFBCFFC3D" blockId="58.[151,1437,649,1180]" box="[199,1151,973,1000]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9202E44FF801862FF770CFBFE2CFC32" bold="true" box="[199,412,973,999]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Altitudinal range.</emphasis>
|
||
From inland valleys to highland ecosystems (590–
|
||
<quantity id="4CAC5FB3FF801862FC670CFBFB8BFC3D" box="[983,1083,973,1000]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" unit="m" value="2.5">2,500 m</quantity>
|
||
.a.s.l.).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34EA1DDFF801862FF770CC7FD99FAD2" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEBF256FF801862FF770CC7FF5BFB86" blockId="58.[151,1437,649,1180]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9202E44FF801862FF770CC7FE15FBDE" bold="true" box="[199,421,1009,1035]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Biology and notes.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5489D5FF801862FE1D0CC7FD38FBDE" authorityName="Shannon & Aubertin" authorityYear="1933" box="[429,648,1009,1035]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Hemixylota" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="varipes">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9202E44FF801862FE1D0CC7FD38FBDE" box="[429,648,1009,1035]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Hemixylota varipes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is associated with the Valdivian evergreen forest, which has been replaced by urbanization, croplands and plantation forestry. All basic aspects of its biology and ecology remain unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEBF256FF801862FF770B6BFED7FB49" blockId="58.[151,1437,649,1180]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9202E44FF801862FF770B6BFE0BFBA2" bold="true" box="[199,443,1117,1143]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Conservation status.</emphasis>
|
||
EN under B2ab (iii) using using AOO =
|
||
<quantity id="4CAC5FB3FF801862FC360B6BFC7DFBA2" box="[902,973,1117,1143]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" unit="km" value="12.0">12 km</quantity>
|
||
2 and three localities (or subpopulations); EOO =
|
||
<quantity id="4CAC5FB3FF801862FF5F0BB7FEE9FB4E" box="[239,345,1153,1179]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.716" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" unit="km" value="9.716">9,716 km</quantity>
|
||
<superScript id="7C215F1EFF801862FEE80BB7FED0FB5A" attach="left" box="[344,352,1153,1167]" fontSize="6" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">2</superScript>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEBF256FF801862FF270BDBFD99FAD2" blockId="58.[151,553,1261,1288]" box="[151,553,1261,1288]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9202E44FF801862FF270BDBFD99FAD2" bold="true" box="[151,553,1261,1288]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
|
||
Genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5489D5FF801862FF5E0BDBFD99FAD2" authority="Philippi, 1865" authorityName="Philippi" authorityYear="1865" box="[238,553,1261,1288]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Stilbosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9202E44FF801862FF5E0BDBFEC4FADD" bold="true" box="[238,372,1261,1288]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Stilbosoma</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC58FA7FF801862FECB0BDBFD99FAD2" author="Philippi, P. I." box="[379,553,1261,1287]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" pagination="595 - 782" refId="ref136094" refString="Philippi, P. I. (1865) Aufzahlung der chilenischen Dipteren. Verhandlunger der Zoologisch- Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 15, 595 - 782. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 9295" type="journal article" year="1865">Philippi, 1865</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C34EA1DDFF801862FF270A04FB50FA9F" box="[151,1248,1330,1354]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BEBF256FF801862FF270A04FB50FA9F" blockId="58.[151,1248,1330,1354]" box="[151,1248,1330,1354]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB44D578FF801862FF270A04FB50FA9F" box="[151,1248,1330,1354]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AF5D447FF801862FF270A04FE64FA9F" author="Philippi, P. I." box="[151,468,1330,1354]" page="736" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" year="1865">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5489D5FF801862FF270A04FE64FA9F" ID-CoL="7NNP" authority="Philippi, 1865: 736" authorityName="Philippi" authorityPageNumber="736" authorityYear="1865" box="[151,468,1330,1354]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Stilbosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9202E44FF801862FF270A04FEB8FA9F" box="[151,264,1330,1354]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Stilbosoma</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC58FA7FF801862FEBE0A04FE64FA9F" author="Philippi, P. I." box="[270,468,1330,1354]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" pagination="595 - 782" refId="ref136094" refString="Philippi, P. I. (1865) Aufzahlung der chilenischen Dipteren. Verhandlunger der Zoologisch- Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 15, 595 - 782. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 9295" type="journal article" year="1865">Philippi, 1865: 736</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
. Type-species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C5489D5FF801862FDD70A04FC7CFA9F" ID-CoL="52NYT" authority="Philippi, 1865" authorityName="Philippi" authorityYear="1865" box="[615,972,1330,1354]" class="Insecta" family="Syrphidae" genus="Stilbosoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubiceps">
|
||
<emphasis id="B9202E44FF801862FDD70A04FC85FA9F" box="[615,821,1330,1354]" italics="true" pageId="58" pageNumber="59">Stilbosoma rubiceps</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC58FA7FF801862FC8C0A04FC7CFA9F" author="Philippi, P. I." box="[828,972,1330,1354]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" pagination="595 - 782" refId="ref136094" refString="Philippi, P. I. (1865) Aufzahlung der chilenischen Dipteren. Verhandlunger der Zoologisch- Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 15, 595 - 782. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 9295" type="journal article" year="1865">Philippi, 1865</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(sub. des.,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC58FA7FF801862FB8F0A04FB65FA9F" author="Shannon, R. C." box="[1087,1237,1330,1354]" pageId="58" pageNumber="59" pagination="1 - 52" refId="ref139074" refString="Shannon, R. C. (1926) Review of the American xylotine syrphid - flies. Proceedings of the United States National Museum, 69, 1 - 52. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.2635" type="journal article" year="1926">Shannon 1926</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |