448 lines
70 KiB
XML
448 lines
70 KiB
XML
<document id="5CECA3C6F8FDF76DDA29BFF27583EC25" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3838.3.6" ID-GBIF-Dataset="95162697-db5d-4e65-ae89-ccf6aa1ac03d" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5109825" checkinTime="1623430773561" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Takaoka, Hiroyuki, Sofian-Azirun, Mohd, Ya’Cob, Zubaidah, Chen, Chee Dhang, Lau, Koon Weng & Pham, Hong Thai" docDate="2014" docId="03D047680277FFF0FF5CFF10FC51FED8" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03838p366.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3838 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Simulium (Gomphostilbia) hongthaii Takaoka, Sofian-Azirun" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="350" masterDocId="FFE93F100276FFF4FFCBFF88FFE7FF86" masterDocTitle="New species and records of black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) from Vinh Phuc Province, Vietnam" masterLastPageNumber="366" masterPageNumber="347" pageNumber="348" updateTime="1698303708898" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="4AF8D9D49C7FB62A71CAC438D9433C92">
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<mods:title id="93EB9900863B7F172FB5FF285262F2ED">New species and records of black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) from Vinh Phuc Province, Vietnam</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="6998DD67C37E158430531D1A41A79D01" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="C964F8A1412CF615E1A03A8E9115D59A">Takaoka, Hiroyuki</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6BCFF3048A59326AE86017A227DFEE5E">Sofian-Azirun, Mohd</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E1A83AC5DF4EC4522E08DFA8C250E637">Ya’Cob, Zubaidah</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="D1F94C3C48E2C596AFC6622C5BADB1BB" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="C395FAF38651A9E82E89AC89C263AD0A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="20674DC9BBC41B9416D170F54434B1AB">Chen, Chee Dhang</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="601D49D547CB6B6394578A9FF05C90C8">Lau, Koon Weng</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A406722062F027405DD6D932BC69382D">Pham, Hong Thai</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="790DC92B0FEA000A8DE87D265889C27A">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="982CE5E18C6D98DCCD5F445F5196A303">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="68C53639D7F4D08FF50C096A0171C835">
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<mods:date id="7B860BC4620452C1124D955DA39E211F">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="43FD07E528500EFBE214FDB33A7F0E05">2014-07-18</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="4525BCD6434E379842F2D0D074C8BE14">3838</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="ABDF783BE99EA57241443163E6AB205A">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="AA0E93A531B660C65675A023B6DE8E50" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3838.3.6</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03D047680277FFF0FF5CFF10FC51FED8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927385" ID-GBIF-Taxon="183549056" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4927385" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D047680277FFF0FF5CFF10FC51FED8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D047680277FFF0FF5CFF10FC51FED8" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="350" pageId="1" pageNumber="348">
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<subSubSection id="C363A5F50277FFF5FF5CFF10FB6DFF34" box="[151,1162,151,178]" pageId="1" pageNumber="348" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BC6F67E0277FFF5FF5CFF10FB6DFF34" blockId="1.[151,1162,151,178]" box="[151,1162,151,178]" pageId="1" pageNumber="348">
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<heading id="D08E41120277FFF5FF5CFF10FB6DFF34" bold="true" box="[151,1162,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="348" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0277FFF5FF5CFF10FB6DFF34" bold="true" box="[151,1162,151,178]" pageId="1" pageNumber="348">
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1.
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<taxonomicName id="4C798DFD0277FFF5FF7FFF1FFC4FFF34" ID-CoL="9HS3N" authority="Takaoka, Sofian-Azirun" authorityName="Takaoka, Sofian-Azirun" box="[180,936,151,178]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="348" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hongthaii" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
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<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0277FFF5FF7FFF1FFECCFF37" bold="true" box="[180,299,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="348">Simulium</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0277FFF5FEF7FF1FFE0AFF37" bold="true" box="[316,493,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="348">Gomphostilbia</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0277FFF5FE35FF1FFD94FF37" bold="true" box="[510,627,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="348">hongthaii</emphasis>
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Takaoka, Sofian-Azirun
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</taxonomicName>
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& Ya’cob sp. nov.
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C363A5F50277FFF7FF5CFF56FDF7FACD" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="350" pageId="1" pageNumber="348" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BC6F67E0277FFF5FF5CFF56FE02F83C" blockId="1.[151,1437,222,1978]" pageId="1" pageNumber="348">
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<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0277FFF5FF5CFF56FF33FF71" bold="true" box="[151,212,222,247]" pageId="1" pageNumber="348">Male</emphasis>
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. Body length
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<quantity id="4C815B9B0277FFF5FEB4FF56FE3BFF70" box="[383,476,222,247]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="348" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 mm</quantity>
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.
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<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0277FFF5FE20FF56FDCEFF71" bold="true" box="[491,553,222,247]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="348">Head</emphasis>
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. Somewhat wider than thorax. Upper eye medium brown, consisting of 16 vertical columns and 16 horizontal rows of large facets. Face brownish-black, white pruinose. Clypeus brownishblack, whitish pruinose, densely covered with golden-yellow scale-like medium-long hairs (mostly directed upward) interspersed with several dark-brown longer hairs. Antenna composed of scape, pedicel and 9 flagellomeres, medium brown except scape and pedicel yellow and base of first flagellomere whitish-yellow; first flagellomere elongate, 1.9 times length of second one. Maxillary palp light to medium brown, with 5 segments, proportional lengths of third, fourth, and fifth segments 1.0:1.2:2.4; third segment (
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<figureCitation id="1342EAFB0277FFF5FBBAFE3EFB2BFE49" box="[1137,1228,438,463]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1843,1865]" captionTargetBox="[271,1321,222,1814]" captionTargetId="figure-163@2.[237,1354,195,1835]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Male and pupa of S (G.) hongthaii sp. nov. A–K, male; L & M, pupa. A, third segment of right maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (front view); B, tibia of left hind leg (outer view); C, basitarsus with calcipala and second tarsomere with pedisulcus of left hind leg (outer view); D, coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); E & F, right styles (E, medial view; F, ventrolateral view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (caudal view); I, left paramere (caudal view); J & K, right cerci (J, lateral view; K, caudal view); L, anterior portion of thorax and gill filaments (right side, outer view); M, terminal hooks (caudal view). Scale bars = 0.1 mm for B, C & L, and 0.02 mm for A, D–K & M." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5109827" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5109827/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="348">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
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) slender; sensory vesicle (
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<figureCitation id="1342EAFB0277FFF5FF3DFE52FEA9FE75" box="[246,334,474,499]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1843,1865]" captionTargetBox="[271,1321,222,1814]" captionTargetId="figure-163@2.[237,1354,195,1835]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Male and pupa of S (G.) hongthaii sp. nov. A–K, male; L & M, pupa. A, third segment of right maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (front view); B, tibia of left hind leg (outer view); C, basitarsus with calcipala and second tarsomere with pedisulcus of left hind leg (outer view); D, coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); E & F, right styles (E, medial view; F, ventrolateral view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (caudal view); I, left paramere (caudal view); J & K, right cerci (J, lateral view; K, caudal view); L, anterior portion of thorax and gill filaments (right side, outer view); M, terminal hooks (caudal view). Scale bars = 0.1 mm for B, C & L, and 0.02 mm for A, D–K & M." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5109827" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5109827/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="348">Fig. 1A</figureCitation>
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) globular, small (0.2 times length of third segment), and with opening of medium-size.
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<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0277FFF5FAF4FE52FA73FE75" bold="true" box="[1343,1428,474,499]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="348">Thorax</emphasis>
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. Scutum dark-brown to brownish-black, without longitudinal vittae, shiny and thinly gray pruinose on shoulders, on wide area along each lateral margin and on prescutellar area when illuminated at certain angles, densely covered with golden-yellow scale-like recumbent hairs. Scutellum medium brown, covered with yellow short hairs and dark-brown long upright hairs along posterior margin. Postnotum brownish-black, shiny and white pruinose when illuminated at certain angles, and bare. Pleural membrane bare. Katepisternum dark brown, longer than deep, shiny when illuminated at certain angles, moderately covered with fine short hairs.
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<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0277FFF5FBCFFD3BFBDDFD4C" bold="true" box="[1028,1082,691,714]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="348">Legs</emphasis>
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. Foreleg: coxa whitish-yellow; trochanter light brown except base yellow; femur light brown with apical cap medium brown (though apical tip yellowish); tibia white to grayish except base light brown and little less than apical 1/3 brownish-black, and covered with white and yellow hairs on basal 2/3 of outer surface and white sheen on basal 2/3 of outer surface when illuminated at certain angles; tarsus brownish-black; basitarsus moderately dilated, 7.5–8.4 times as long as its greatest width. Midleg: coxa dark brown except posterior surface brownish-black; trochanter light brown except base whitish-yellow; femur light brown with posterior surface of base somewhat whitish-yellow and apical cap medium brown (though apical tip yellow); tibia medium brown except basal 1/4 or little more whitish-yellow; tarsus dark brown except extreme base of basitarsus yellow. Hind leg: coxa light brown though apical portion whitish-yellow; trochanter whitish-yellow; femur light brown with base narrowly whitish-yellow and apical cap dark brown (though apical tip whitish-yellow); tibia (
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<figureCitation id="1342EAFB0277FFF5FD24FB92FCA3FBB5" box="[751,836,1050,1075]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1843,1865]" captionTargetBox="[271,1321,222,1814]" captionTargetId="figure-163@2.[237,1354,195,1835]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Male and pupa of S (G.) hongthaii sp. nov. A–K, male; L & M, pupa. A, third segment of right maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (front view); B, tibia of left hind leg (outer view); C, basitarsus with calcipala and second tarsomere with pedisulcus of left hind leg (outer view); D, coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); E & F, right styles (E, medial view; F, ventrolateral view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (caudal view); I, left paramere (caudal view); J & K, right cerci (J, lateral view; K, caudal view); L, anterior portion of thorax and gill filaments (right side, outer view); M, terminal hooks (caudal view). Scale bars = 0.1 mm for B, C & L, and 0.02 mm for A, D–K & M." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5109827" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5109827/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="348">Fig. 1B</figureCitation>
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) dark brown to brownish-black except little less than basal 1/2 whitish-yellow, covered with yellow hairs on basal 2/3 of outer surface; tarsus (
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<figureCitation id="1342EAFB0277FFF5FB48FBB6FB3EFBD1" box="[1155,1241,1086,1111]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1843,1865]" captionTargetBox="[271,1321,222,1814]" captionTargetId="figure-163@2.[237,1354,195,1835]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Male and pupa of S (G.) hongthaii sp. nov. A–K, male; L & M, pupa. A, third segment of right maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (front view); B, tibia of left hind leg (outer view); C, basitarsus with calcipala and second tarsomere with pedisulcus of left hind leg (outer view); D, coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); E & F, right styles (E, medial view; F, ventrolateral view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (caudal view); I, left paramere (caudal view); J & K, right cerci (J, lateral view; K, caudal view); L, anterior portion of thorax and gill filaments (right side, outer view); M, terminal hooks (caudal view). Scale bars = 0.1 mm for B, C & L, and 0.02 mm for A, D–K & M." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5109827" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5109827/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="348">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
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) medium to dark brown except little less than basal 1/2 of basitarsus (border not well defined) and basal 1/3 of second tarsomere yellowish; basitarsus (
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<figureCitation id="1342EAFB0277FFF5FE53FB0EFE17FB19" box="[408,496,1158,1183]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1843,1865]" captionTargetBox="[271,1321,222,1814]" captionTargetId="figure-163@2.[237,1354,195,1835]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Male and pupa of S (G.) hongthaii sp. nov. A–K, male; L & M, pupa. A, third segment of right maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (front view); B, tibia of left hind leg (outer view); C, basitarsus with calcipala and second tarsomere with pedisulcus of left hind leg (outer view); D, coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); E & F, right styles (E, medial view; F, ventrolateral view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (caudal view); I, left paramere (caudal view); J & K, right cerci (J, lateral view; K, caudal view); L, anterior portion of thorax and gill filaments (right side, outer view); M, terminal hooks (caudal view). Scale bars = 0.1 mm for B, C & L, and 0.02 mm for A, D–K & M." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5109827" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5109827/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="348">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
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) enlarged, 3.9–4.0 times as long as wide, and 0.9–1.0 and 1.0 times as wide as greatest width of tibia and femur, respectively; calcipala (
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<figureCitation id="1342EAFB0277FFF5FCE8FB22FC9FFB45" box="[803,888,1194,1219]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1843,1865]" captionTargetBox="[271,1321,222,1814]" captionTargetId="figure-163@2.[237,1354,195,1835]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Male and pupa of S (G.) hongthaii sp. nov. A–K, male; L & M, pupa. A, third segment of right maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (front view); B, tibia of left hind leg (outer view); C, basitarsus with calcipala and second tarsomere with pedisulcus of left hind leg (outer view); D, coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); E & F, right styles (E, medial view; F, ventrolateral view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (caudal view); I, left paramere (caudal view); J & K, right cerci (J, lateral view; K, caudal view); L, anterior portion of thorax and gill filaments (right side, outer view); M, terminal hooks (caudal view). Scale bars = 0.1 mm for B, C & L, and 0.02 mm for A, D–K & M." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5109827" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5109827/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="348">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
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) slightly shorter than basal width, and 0.3 times as wide as greatest width of basitarsus. Pedisulcus (
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<figureCitation id="1342EAFB0277FFF5FD14FB46FCD3FB61" box="[735,820,1230,1255]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1843,1865]" captionTargetBox="[271,1321,222,1814]" captionTargetId="figure-163@2.[237,1354,195,1835]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Male and pupa of S (G.) hongthaii sp. nov. A–K, male; L & M, pupa. A, third segment of right maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (front view); B, tibia of left hind leg (outer view); C, basitarsus with calcipala and second tarsomere with pedisulcus of left hind leg (outer view); D, coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); E & F, right styles (E, medial view; F, ventrolateral view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (caudal view); I, left paramere (caudal view); J & K, right cerci (J, lateral view; K, caudal view); L, anterior portion of thorax and gill filaments (right side, outer view); M, terminal hooks (caudal view). Scale bars = 0.1 mm for B, C & L, and 0.02 mm for A, D–K & M." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5109827" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5109827/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="348">Fig. 1C</figureCitation>
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) well defined.
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<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0277FFF5FC2BFB46FBFAFB61" bold="true" box="[992,1053,1230,1255]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="348">Wing</emphasis>
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. Length
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|
||
. Costa with dark spinules and hairs except hairs on basal portion yellow. Subcosta bare. Hair tuft on base of radial vein yellow. Basal portion of radius fully haired; R
|
||
<subScript id="17FDF43B0277FFF5FE31FAADFDE5FAB5" attach="left" box="[506,514,1317,1331]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="348">1</subScript>
|
||
with dark spinules and hairs; R
|
||
<subScript id="17FDF43B0277FFF5FCA9FAADFC8DFAB5" attach="left" box="[866,874,1317,1331]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="348">2</subScript>
|
||
with hairs only. Basal cell absent.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C798DFD0277FFF5FB27FA9EFAD2FAA9" authorityName="Rambur" authorityYear="1842" box="[1260,1333,1302,1327]" class="Insecta" family="Nemopteridae" genus="Halter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="348" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0277FFF5FB27FA9EFAD2FAA9" bold="true" box="[1260,1333,1302,1327]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="348">Halter</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Grayish except basal stem darkened.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0277FFF5FE12FAB5FDA0FAD0" bold="true" box="[473,583,1341,1366]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="348">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
. Basal scale dark brown, with fringe of light-brown hairs. Dorsal surface of abdomen medium to dark brown except anterior 1/2 of segment 2 yellowish, covered with dark-brown short to long hairs; segments 2 and 5–8 each with pair of shiny dorsolateral or lateral patches.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0277FFF5FBECFA0DFB75FA18" bold="true" box="[1063,1170,1413,1438]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="348">Genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
. Coxite in ventral view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1342EAFB0277FFF5FF54FA21FF1FFA44" box="[159,248,1449,1474]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1843,1865]" captionTargetBox="[271,1321,222,1814]" captionTargetId="figure-163@2.[237,1354,195,1835]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Male and pupa of S (G.) hongthaii sp. nov. A–K, male; L & M, pupa. A, third segment of right maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (front view); B, tibia of left hind leg (outer view); C, basitarsus with calcipala and second tarsomere with pedisulcus of left hind leg (outer view); D, coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); E & F, right styles (E, medial view; F, ventrolateral view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (caudal view); I, left paramere (caudal view); J & K, right cerci (J, lateral view; K, caudal view); L, anterior portion of thorax and gill filaments (right side, outer view); M, terminal hooks (caudal view). Scale bars = 0.1 mm for B, C & L, and 0.02 mm for A, D–K & M." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5109827" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5109827/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="348">Fig. 1D</figureCitation>
|
||
) nearly rectangular, 2.2 times as long as its greatest width. Style in ventral view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1342EAFB0277FFF5FB6FFA21FB1BFA44" box="[1188,1276,1449,1474]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1843,1865]" captionTargetBox="[271,1321,222,1814]" captionTargetId="figure-163@2.[237,1354,195,1835]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Male and pupa of S (G.) hongthaii sp. nov. A–K, male; L & M, pupa. A, third segment of right maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (front view); B, tibia of left hind leg (outer view); C, basitarsus with calcipala and second tarsomere with pedisulcus of left hind leg (outer view); D, coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); E & F, right styles (E, medial view; F, ventrolateral view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (caudal view); I, left paramere (caudal view); J & K, right cerci (J, lateral view; K, caudal view); L, anterior portion of thorax and gill filaments (right side, outer view); M, terminal hooks (caudal view). Scale bars = 0.1 mm for B, C & L, and 0.02 mm for A, D–K & M." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5109827" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5109827/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="348">Fig. 1D</figureCitation>
|
||
) bent inward, bluntly rounded apically and with apical spine; style in medial view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1342EAFB0277FFF5FC6AFA45FC12FA60" box="[929,1013,1485,1510]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1843,1865]" captionTargetBox="[271,1321,222,1814]" captionTargetId="figure-163@2.[237,1354,195,1835]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Male and pupa of S (G.) hongthaii sp. nov. A–K, male; L & M, pupa. A, third segment of right maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (front view); B, tibia of left hind leg (outer view); C, basitarsus with calcipala and second tarsomere with pedisulcus of left hind leg (outer view); D, coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); E & F, right styles (E, medial view; F, ventrolateral view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (caudal view); I, left paramere (caudal view); J & K, right cerci (J, lateral view; K, caudal view); L, anterior portion of thorax and gill filaments (right side, outer view); M, terminal hooks (caudal view). Scale bars = 0.1 mm for B, C & L, and 0.02 mm for A, D–K & M." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5109827" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5109827/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="348">Fig. 1E</figureCitation>
|
||
) shorter than coxite (0.8 times length of coxite), gently bent inward, nearly parallel-sided to apex; style in ventrolateral view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1342EAFB0277FFF5FB41FA79FB3AF98C" box="[1162,1245,1521,1546]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1843,1865]" captionTargetBox="[271,1321,222,1814]" captionTargetId="figure-163@2.[237,1354,195,1835]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Male and pupa of S (G.) hongthaii sp. nov. A–K, male; L & M, pupa. A, third segment of right maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (front view); B, tibia of left hind leg (outer view); C, basitarsus with calcipala and second tarsomere with pedisulcus of left hind leg (outer view); D, coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); E & F, right styles (E, medial view; F, ventrolateral view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (caudal view); I, left paramere (caudal view); J & K, right cerci (J, lateral view; K, caudal view); L, anterior portion of thorax and gill filaments (right side, outer view); M, terminal hooks (caudal view). Scale bars = 0.1 mm for B, C & L, and 0.02 mm for A, D–K & M." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5109827" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5109827/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="348">Fig. 1F</figureCitation>
|
||
) nearly parallelsided from base to basal 1/3, then slightly tapered toward apex, with truncated apex. Ventral plate in ventral view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1342EAFB0277FFF5FF54F9B1FF1DF9D4" box="[159,250,1593,1618]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1843,1865]" captionTargetBox="[271,1321,222,1814]" captionTargetId="figure-163@2.[237,1354,195,1835]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Male and pupa of S (G.) hongthaii sp. nov. A–K, male; L & M, pupa. A, third segment of right maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (front view); B, tibia of left hind leg (outer view); C, basitarsus with calcipala and second tarsomere with pedisulcus of left hind leg (outer view); D, coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); E & F, right styles (E, medial view; F, ventrolateral view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (caudal view); I, left paramere (caudal view); J & K, right cerci (J, lateral view; K, caudal view); L, anterior portion of thorax and gill filaments (right side, outer view); M, terminal hooks (caudal view). Scale bars = 0.1 mm for B, C & L, and 0.02 mm for A, D–K & M." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5109827" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5109827/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="348">Fig. 1D</figureCitation>
|
||
) with body transverse, 0.5 times as long as wide, with anterior margin produced anteromedially, and posterior margin somewhat concave medially (though posterior margin slightly convex medially when ventral plate is slightly inclined), lateral margins slightly emarginated sub-basally, and densely covered with microsetae on ventral surface; basal arms of moderate length, directed forward, then convergent apically; ventral plate in lateral view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1342EAFB0277FFF5FF16F941FED4F964" box="[221,307,1737,1762]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1843,1865]" captionTargetBox="[271,1321,222,1814]" captionTargetId="figure-163@2.[237,1354,195,1835]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Male and pupa of S (G.) hongthaii sp. nov. A–K, male; L & M, pupa. A, third segment of right maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (front view); B, tibia of left hind leg (outer view); C, basitarsus with calcipala and second tarsomere with pedisulcus of left hind leg (outer view); D, coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); E & F, right styles (E, medial view; F, ventrolateral view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (caudal view); I, left paramere (caudal view); J & K, right cerci (J, lateral view; K, caudal view); L, anterior portion of thorax and gill filaments (right side, outer view); M, terminal hooks (caudal view). Scale bars = 0.1 mm for B, C & L, and 0.02 mm for A, D–K & M." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5109827" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5109827/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="348">Fig. 1G</figureCitation>
|
||
) moderately produced ventrally; ventral plate in end view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1342EAFB0277FFF5FC05F941FBC2F964" box="[974,1061,1737,1762]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1843,1865]" captionTargetBox="[271,1321,222,1814]" captionTargetId="figure-163@2.[237,1354,195,1835]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Male and pupa of S (G.) hongthaii sp. nov. A–K, male; L & M, pupa. A, third segment of right maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (front view); B, tibia of left hind leg (outer view); C, basitarsus with calcipala and second tarsomere with pedisulcus of left hind leg (outer view); D, coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); E & F, right styles (E, medial view; F, ventrolateral view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (caudal view); I, left paramere (caudal view); J & K, right cerci (J, lateral view; K, caudal view); L, anterior portion of thorax and gill filaments (right side, outer view); M, terminal hooks (caudal view). Scale bars = 0.1 mm for B, C & L, and 0.02 mm for A, D–K & M." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5109827" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5109827/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="348">Fig. 1H</figureCitation>
|
||
) trapezoidal, with ventral margin shallowly concave medially, densely covered with microsetae on posterior surface except portion near each lateral tip narrowly bare. Median sclerite thin, plate-like, wide. Parameres (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1342EAFB0277FFF5FC52F899FC01F8AC" box="[921,998,1809,1834]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1843,1865]" captionTargetBox="[271,1321,222,1814]" captionTargetId="figure-163@2.[237,1354,195,1835]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Male and pupa of S (G.) hongthaii sp. nov. A–K, male; L & M, pupa. A, third segment of right maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (front view); B, tibia of left hind leg (outer view); C, basitarsus with calcipala and second tarsomere with pedisulcus of left hind leg (outer view); D, coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); E & F, right styles (E, medial view; F, ventrolateral view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (caudal view); I, left paramere (caudal view); J & K, right cerci (J, lateral view; K, caudal view); L, anterior portion of thorax and gill filaments (right side, outer view); M, terminal hooks (caudal view). Scale bars = 0.1 mm for B, C & L, and 0.02 mm for A, D–K & M." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5109827" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5109827/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="348">Fig. 1I</figureCitation>
|
||
) of moderate size, each with 4 distinct long and medium-long stout hooks and several smaller ones including smallest one on middle part of basal arm. Aedeagal membrane moderately setose, not sclerotized at base; dorsal plate not defined. Ventral surface of abdominal segment 10 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1342EAFB0277FFF5FE60F8F5FDC6F810" box="[427,545,1917,1942]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1843,1865]" captionTargetBox="[271,1321,222,1814]" captionTargetId="figure-163@2.[237,1354,195,1835]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Male and pupa of S (G.) hongthaii sp. nov. A–K, male; L & M, pupa. A, third segment of right maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (front view); B, tibia of left hind leg (outer view); C, basitarsus with calcipala and second tarsomere with pedisulcus of left hind leg (outer view); D, coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); E & F, right styles (E, medial view; F, ventrolateral view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (caudal view); I, left paramere (caudal view); J & K, right cerci (J, lateral view; K, caudal view); L, anterior portion of thorax and gill filaments (right side, outer view); M, terminal hooks (caudal view). Scale bars = 0.1 mm for B, C & L, and 0.02 mm for A, D–K & M." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5109827" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5109827/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="348">Fig. 1J, K</figureCitation>
|
||
) without distinct hairs near posterior margin. Cercus in lateral view (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1342EAFB0277FFF5FA88F8F5FA75F810" box="[1347,1426,1917,1942]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1843,1865]" captionTargetBox="[271,1321,222,1814]" captionTargetId="figure-163@2.[237,1354,195,1835]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Male and pupa of S (G.) hongthaii sp. nov. A–K, male; L & M, pupa. A, third segment of right maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (front view); B, tibia of left hind leg (outer view); C, basitarsus with calcipala and second tarsomere with pedisulcus of left hind leg (outer view); D, coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); E & F, right styles (E, medial view; F, ventrolateral view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (caudal view); I, left paramere (caudal view); J & K, right cerci (J, lateral view; K, caudal view); L, anterior portion of thorax and gill filaments (right side, outer view); M, terminal hooks (caudal view). Scale bars = 0.1 mm for B, C & L, and 0.02 mm for A, D–K & M." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5109827" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5109827/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="348">Fig. 1J</figureCitation>
|
||
) small, rounded, with 14 hairs.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF06A6F60274FFF6FF5CF8BBFB30F877" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5109827" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5109827" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5109827/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="349" startId="2.[151,250,1843,1865]" targetBox="[271,1321,222,1814]" targetPageId="2">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC6F67E0274FFF6FF5CF8BBFB30F877" blockId="2.[151,1436,1843,2034]" pageId="2" pageNumber="349">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0274FFF6FF5CF8BBFEF5F8CE" bold="true" box="[151,274,1843,1865]" pageId="2" pageNumber="349">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
Male and pupa of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C798DFD0274FFF6FE1BF8BBFD97F8CF" authority="Takaoka & Sofian-Azirun & Ya’Cob & Chen & Lau & Pham, 2014" authorityName="Takaoka & Sofian-Azirun & Ya’Cob & Chen & Lau & Pham" authorityYear="2014" box="[464,624,1843,1865]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="349" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hongthaii" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0274FFF6FE1BF8BBFE3AF8CF" box="[464,477,1843,1865]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="349">S</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0274FFF6FE20F8BBFDE6F8CF" box="[491,513,1843,1865]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="349">G.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0274FFF6FDC4F8BBFD97F8CF" box="[527,624,1843,1865]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="349">hongthaii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23E97170274FFF6FDBDF8BCFD23F8CF" box="[630,708,1844,1865]" pageId="2" pageNumber="349" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
A–K, male; L & M, pupa. A, third segment of right maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (front view); B, tibia of left hind leg (outer view); C, basitarsus with calcipala and second tarsomere with pedisulcus of left hind leg (outer view); D, coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); E & F, right styles (E, medial view; F, ventrolateral view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (caudal view); I, left paramere (caudal view); J & K, right cerci (J, lateral view; K, caudal view); L, anterior portion of thorax and gill filaments (right side, outer view); M, terminal hooks (caudal view). Scale bars = 0.1 mm for B, C & L, and 0.02 mm for A, D–K & M.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC6F67E0275FFF7FF0CFF1FFB0FFAAE" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2014]" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0275FFF7FF0CFF1FFEE3FF36" bold="true" box="[199,260,151,176]" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">Pupa</emphasis>
|
||
. Body length
|
||
<quantity id="4C815B9B0275FFF7FE6CFF1FFDE6FF29" box="[423,513,151,176]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" unit="mm" value="2.4">2.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0275FFF7FDC5FF1FFDACFF36" bold="true" box="[526,587,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">Head</emphasis>
|
||
. Integument yellow, moderately covered with small round tubercles except antennal sheaths and ventral surface almost bare; antennal sheath without any protuberances; face with pair of unbranched long trichomes with coiled apices, and frons with 3 pairs of unbranched long trichomes with coiled or uncoiled apices; 3 frontal trichomes on each side arising close together, subequal in length to one another and slightly longer than facial one.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0275FFF7FE5FFEAAFE0FFEBD" bold="true" box="[404,488,290,315]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">Thorax</emphasis>
|
||
. Integument yellow, moderately covered with round tubercles, and with 3 unbranched long dorsomedial trichomes with coiled or uncoiled apices, 2 unbranched long anterolateral trichomes (1 with coiled apex, 1 with uncoiled apex), 1 unbranched medium-long mediolateral trichome with uncoiled apex, and 3 unbranched ventrolateral trichomes with uncoiled apices (1 medium-long, 2 short) on each side. Gill (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1342EAFB0275FFF7FB45FE02FB04FE25" box="[1166,1251,394,419]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1843,1865]" captionTargetBox="[271,1321,222,1814]" captionTargetId="figure-163@2.[237,1354,195,1835]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Male and pupa of S (G.) hongthaii sp. nov. A–K, male; L & M, pupa. A, third segment of right maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (front view); B, tibia of left hind leg (outer view); C, basitarsus with calcipala and second tarsomere with pedisulcus of left hind leg (outer view); D, coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); E & F, right styles (E, medial view; F, ventrolateral view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (caudal view); I, left paramere (caudal view); J & K, right cerci (J, lateral view; K, caudal view); L, anterior portion of thorax and gill filaments (right side, outer view); M, terminal hooks (caudal view). Scale bars = 0.1 mm for B, C & L, and 0.02 mm for A, D–K & M." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5109827" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5109827/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">Fig. 1L</figureCitation>
|
||
) composed of 8 slender thread-like filaments, arranged as [3+ (1+2)]+2 or [(2+1)+3]+2 filaments from dorsal to ventral, with medium-long common basal stalk having somewhat swollen transparent basal fenestra at base; common basal stalk 0.5–0.8 times length of interspiracular trunk; dorsal and middle triplets share short stalk and each composed of 3 individual filaments arising at same level, with short stalk, or composed of 1 individual and 2 paired filaments and bearing short primary and secondary stalks; stalk of ventral pair of filaments medium-long, 1.2–1.3 times length of common basal stalk, and 0.9–1.0 times length of interspiracular trunk, and 1.1–1.3 and 1.2–1.4 times as thick as primary stalks of middle and dorsal triplets, respectively, and 0.9 times as thick as common stalk of middle and dorsal triplets; primary stalk of dorsal triplet lying against that of lower pair at angle of about 50 degrees when viewed laterally; 6 filaments of dorsal and middle triplets subequal in length (1.8–2.0 mm) and thickness to one another; 2 filaments of ventral pair subequal in length (
|
||
<quantity id="4C815B9B0275FFF7FDB2FD6DFD37FD78" box="[633,720,741,766]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" unit="mm" value="2.6">2.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
) and thickness to each other, and 1.3–1.5 times as thick as 6 other filaments when compared basally; all filaments light brown, gradually tapered toward apex; cuticle of all filaments with well-defined annular ridges and furrows though becoming less marked apically, densely covered with minute tubercles.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0275FFF7FEC3FCC5FE93FCE0" bold="true" box="[264,372,845,870]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
. Dorsally, segments 1 and 2 not pigmented and without tubercles; segment 1 with 1 unbranched slender medium-long hair-like seta on each side; segment 2 with 1 unbranched slender medium-long hair-like seta and 5 short somewhat spinous setae submedially on each side; segments 3 and 4 each with 4 hooked spines and 1 short somewhat spinous seta on each side; segment 5 lacking spine-combs and comb-like groups of minute spines on each side; segments 6–9 each with spine-combs in transverse row (those on segment 9 slightly to much smaller than those on segments 6–8) and comb-like groups of minute spines on each side; segments 5–8 each with 2 or 3 short setae near posterior margin on each side; segment 9 with pair of wide flat terminal hooks, of which outer margin is 2.8–3.0 times length of inner margin and crenulated (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1342EAFB0275FFF7FD89FBB7FD7BFBDE" box="[578,668,1087,1112]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1843,1865]" captionTargetBox="[271,1321,222,1814]" captionTargetId="figure-163@2.[237,1354,195,1835]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Male and pupa of S (G.) hongthaii sp. nov. A–K, male; L & M, pupa. A, third segment of right maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (front view); B, tibia of left hind leg (outer view); C, basitarsus with calcipala and second tarsomere with pedisulcus of left hind leg (outer view); D, coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); E & F, right styles (E, medial view; F, ventrolateral view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (caudal view); I, left paramere (caudal view); J & K, right cerci (J, lateral view; K, caudal view); L, anterior portion of thorax and gill filaments (right side, outer view); M, terminal hooks (caudal view). Scale bars = 0.1 mm for B, C & L, and 0.02 mm for A, D–K & M." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5109827" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5109827/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">Fig. 1M</figureCitation>
|
||
) when viewed caudally. Ventrally, segment 4 with 1 unbranched hook (subequal in size to those on segments 5–7) and few slender short setae on each side; segment 5 with pair of bifid hooks submedially and few short slender setae on each side; segments 6 and 7 each with pair of bifid inner and unbranched outer hooks somewhat spaced from each other and few short slender setae on each side; segments 4–8 with comb-like groups of minute spines. Each side of segment 9 with 3 grapnel-shaped hooklets.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0275FFF7FB33FB42FAA8FB65" bold="true" box="[1272,1359,1226,1251]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">Cocoon</emphasis>
|
||
. Wallpocket-shaped, thinly and moderately woven, widely extended ventrolaterally; dorsomedial portion of anterior margin somewhat produced anteriorly, with short anterodorsal bulge; 3.0–
|
||
<quantity id="4C815B9B0275FFF7FCA6FA87FC26FAA1" box="[877,961,1295,1320]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" unit="mm" value="3.2">3.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
long by
|
||
<quantity id="4C815B9B0275FFF7FBEAFA87FB41FAA1" box="[1057,1190,1295,1320]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.15" metricValueMax="2.4" metricValueMin="1.9" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" unit="mm" value="2.15" valueMax="2.4" valueMin="1.9">1.9–2.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC6F67E0275FFF7FF0CFABAFDF7FACD" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2014]" box="[199,528,1330,1355]" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0275FFF7FF0CFABAFEFAFACD" bold="true" box="[199,285,1330,1355]" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">Female</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0275FFF7FE9AFABAFE69FACD" bold="true" box="[337,398,1330,1355]" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">larva</emphasis>
|
||
. Unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C363A5F50275FFF7FF0CFADEFF0AF9E6" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC6F67E0275FFF7FF0CFADEFF0AF9E6" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2014]" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0275FFF7FF0CFADEFE98FAEB" box="[199,383,1365,1390]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0275FFF7FF0CFADEFE9FFAE8" bold="true" box="[199,376,1365,1390]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">Type specimens</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B11FC230275FFF7FE4DFADDFC9AFA50" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3323288302" collectingDate="2013-11-08" collectorName="M. Sofian-Azirun" country="Vietnam" elevation="5" location="Male" municipality="Tam Dao National Park" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Vinh Phuc" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C248DC0275FFF7FE4DFADDFE17FAE8" box="[390,496,1365,1390]" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
<location id="8EA6A0A50275FFF7FE30FADDFDD3FAE8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D047680277FFF0FF5CFF10FC51FED8:8EA6A0A50275FFF7FE30FADDFDD3FAE8" box="[507,564,1365,1390]" country="Vietnam" municipality="Tam Dao National Park" name="Male" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" stateProvince="Vinh Phuc">Male</location>
|
||
(reared from pupa and preserved with its associated pupal exuviae and cocoon in a vial with 80% ethanol), collected from a small stream (width
|
||
<quantity id="4C815B9B0275FFF7FCA5FAFFFC57FA09" box="[878,944,1399,1424]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" unit="m" value="0.5">
|
||
<elevation id="0054114D0275FFF7FCA5FAFFFC57FA09" box="[878,944,1399,1424]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" unit="m" value="0.5">0.5 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
, bed rocky, water temperature 17˚C, shaded, altitude
|
||
<quantity id="4C815B9B0275FFF7FF24FA12FED0FA34" box="[239,311,1434,1459]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.75" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" unit="m" value="975.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0054114D0275FFF7FF24FA12FED0FA34" box="[239,311,1434,1459]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.75" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" unit="m" value="975.0">975 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
, N21˚27’501’’/E105˚38’941’’), flowing slowly in a bush along the road in the
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BA26C040275FFF7FB59FA13FA7FFA35" box="[1170,1432,1434,1459]" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">Tam Dao National Park</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49BD389C0275FFF7FF5CFA35FE66FA50" box="[151,385,1469,1494]" country="Vietnam" name="Vinh Phuc" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">Vinh Phuc Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36EB6EE0275FFF7FE5AFA35FE16FA50" box="[401,497,1469,1494]" name="Vietnam" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFC7D0BE0275FFF7FDC9FA35FD9FFA50" box="[514,632,1469,1494]" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" value="2013-11-08">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF8329560275FFF7FDC9FA35FD9FFA50" box="[514,632,1469,1494]" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" value="2013-11-08">8-XI-2013</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, by
|
||
<collectorName id="268C93A80275FFF7FD7AFA36FC9AFA50" box="[689,893,1469,1494]" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">M. Sofian-Azirun</collectorName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="3B11FC230275FFF7FC46FA36FF0EF9E6" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3323288301" collectingDate="2013-11-09" collectorName="Z. Ya'cob" country="Vietnam" elevation="5" location="One" municipality="Tam Dao National Park" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Vinh Phuc" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54C248DC0275FFF7FC46FA36FC16FA50" box="[909,1009,1470,1494]" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
<location id="8EA6A0A50275FFF7FBCAFA35FBC8FA50" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D047680277FFF0FF5CFF10FC51FED8:8EA6A0A50275FFF7FBCAFA35FBC8FA50" box="[1025,1071,1469,1494]" country="Vietnam" municipality="Tam Dao National Park" name="One" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" stateProvince="Vinh Phuc">One</location>
|
||
male (reared from a pupa and preserved with its associated pupal exuviae and cocoon in a vial with 80% ethanol), collected from a small stream (width
|
||
<quantity id="4C815B9B0275FFF7FF2EF98AFEC1F99C" box="[229,294,1538,1563]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" unit="m" value="0.5">
|
||
<elevation id="0054114D0275FFF7FF2EF98AFEC1F99C" box="[229,294,1538,1563]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" unit="m" value="0.5">0.5 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
, shaded, water temperature 17 ˚C, shaded, altitude
|
||
<quantity id="4C815B9B0275FFF7FC9DF98AFC79F99C" box="[854,926,1538,1563]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.97" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" unit="m" value="997.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0054114D0275FFF7FC9DF98AFC79F99C" box="[854,926,1538,1563]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.97" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" unit="m" value="997.0">997 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
, N21˚27’819’’/E105˚38’946’’) flowing slowly in a forest, about
|
||
<quantity id="4C815B9B0275FFF7FE94F9ADFE4FF9BB" box="[351,424,1573,1598]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" unit="m" value="500.0">
|
||
<elevation id="0054114D0275FFF7FE94F9ADFE4FF9BB" box="[351,424,1573,1598]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" unit="m" value="500.0">500 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
inside the gate,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="6BA26C040275FFF7FDAFF9AEFC95F9B8" box="[612,882,1573,1598]" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">Tam Dao National Park</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49BD389C0275FFF7FCB4F9ADFB85F9B8" box="[895,1122,1573,1598]" country="Vietnam" name="Vinh Phuc" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">Vinh Phuc Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36EB6EE0275FFF7FBA4F9ADFB28F9B8" box="[1135,1231,1573,1598]" name="Vietnam" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="FFC7D0BE0275FFF7FB17F9ADFAB4F9B8" box="[1244,1363,1573,1598]" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" value="2013-11-09">
|
||
<collectingDate id="EF8329560275FFF7FB17F9ADFAB4F9B8" box="[1244,1363,1573,1598]" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" value="2013-11-09">9-XI-2013</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, by
|
||
<collectorName id="268C93A80275FFF7FA4EF9AEFF0EF9E6" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">Z. Ya’cob</collectorName>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C363A5F50275FFF7FF0CF9E2FE1CF94E" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC6F67E0275FFF7FF0CF9E2FE1CF94E" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2014]" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0275FFF7FF0CF9E2FEC4F904" box="[199,291,1642,1667]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0275FFF7FF0CF9E2FEFBF905" bold="true" box="[199,284,1642,1667]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">Biology</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
The pupae of this new species were collected from trailing grasses. The associated species were
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0275FFF7FA9DF9E3FA83F904" box="[1366,1380,1643,1666]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">S</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C798DFD0275FFF7FAB9F9E2FD24F920" authority="Takaoka, Sofian-Azirun & Hashim" authorityName="Takaoka, Sofian-Azirun & Hashim" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brinchangense" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0275FFF7FAB7F9E3FA6AF904" box="[1404,1421,1643,1666]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">G</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0275FFF7FF5CF905FEDEF923" box="[151,313,1677,1701]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">brinchangense</emphasis>
|
||
Takaoka, Sofian-Azirun & Hashim
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0275FFF7FD05F906FD3BF923" box="[718,732,1678,1701]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">S</emphasis>
|
||
. (
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0275FFF7FD38F906FC60F923" box="[755,903,1678,1701]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">Nevermannia</emphasis>
|
||
) sp. (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C798DFD0275FFF7FC0DF905FB4EF923" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1934" box="[966,1193,1677,1701]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feuerborni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0275FFF7FC0DF905FB4EF923" box="[966,1193,1677,1701]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">Simulium feuerborni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species-group) and
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0275FFF7FA4CF906FA72F923" box="[1415,1429,1678,1701]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">S</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C798DFD0275FFF7FF5CF927FE1CF94E" authority="Takaoka & Davies." authorityName="Takaoka & Davies. These" authorityYear="1995" box="[151,507,1711,1736]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevipar" subGenus="Simulium">
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0275FFF7FF6BF938FF49F941" box="[160,174,1712,1735]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">S</emphasis>
|
||
.)
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0275FFF7FF0FF938FEC6F94E" box="[196,289,1712,1736]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">brevipar</emphasis>
|
||
Takaoka & Davies.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C363A5F50275FFF7FF0CF95AFC7AF8B6" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC6F67E0275FFF7FF0CF95AFC7AF8B6" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2014]" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0275FFF7FF0CF95AFEA3F96C" box="[199,324,1746,1771]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0275FFF7FF0CF95AFEDAF96D" bold="true" box="[199,317,1746,1771]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
The species name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C798DFD0275FFF7FDFBF95BFD7EF96D" authorityName="Takaoka & Sofian-Azirun & Ya’Cob & Chen & Lau & Pham" authorityYear="2014" box="[560,665,1747,1771]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hongthaii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0275FFF7FDFBF95BFD7EF96D" box="[560,665,1747,1771]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">hongthaii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is in honor of Dr. Hong Thai Pham, head of Insect systematics Department, Institute of Biodiversity and Biological Resources,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36EB6EE0275FFF7FCB5F97DFC3CF888" box="[894,987,1781,1806]" name="Vietnam" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
|
||
Academy of Science and Technology,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49BD389C0275FFF7FF5CF89FFF3AF8B6" box="[151,221,1815,1840]" country="Vietnam" name="Ha Noi" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">Hanoi</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36EB6EE0275FFF7FF2CF89FFEA0F8B6" box="[231,327,1815,1840]" name="Vietnam" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
|
||
, for his contribution in insect systematics and ecology.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C363A5F50275FFF0FF0CF8B2FC51FED8" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="351" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BC6F67E0275FFF0FF0CF8B2FC51FED8" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,2014]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1437,151,350]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="351" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0275FFF7FF0CF8B2FED4F8D4" box="[199,307,1850,1875]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0275FFF7FF0CF8B2FECBF8D5" bold="true" box="[199,300,1850,1875]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
This new species is assigned to the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C798DFD0275FFF7FD06F8B3FC70F8D5" authorityName="Takaoka & Davies" authorityYear="1995" box="[717,919,1851,1875]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asakoae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0275FFF7FD06F8B3FC70F8D5" box="[717,919,1851,1875]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">Simulium asakoae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species-group of the subgenus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C798DFD0275FFF7FB32F8B3FA7BF8D5" box="[1273,1436,1851,1875]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0275FFF7FB32F8B3FA7BF8D5" box="[1273,1436,1851,1875]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">Gomphostilbia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
defined by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE88B8F0275FFF7FEDFF8D5FE26F8F0" author="Takaoka, H." box="[276,449,1885,1910]" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" pagination="1 - 42" refId="ref13787" refString="Takaoka, H. (2012) Morphotaxonomic revision of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) (Diptera: Simuliidae) in the Oriental Region. Zootaxa, 3577, 1 - 42." type="journal article" year="2012">Takaoka (2012)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
by having the yellow hair tuft on the base of the radial vein, enlarged male hind basitarsi and ventral plate with lateral margins emarginated medially (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1342EAFB0275FFF7FCF2F8F7FC76F81E" box="[825,913,1919,1944]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1843,1865]" captionTargetBox="[271,1321,222,1814]" captionTargetId="figure-163@2.[237,1354,195,1835]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Male and pupa of S (G.) hongthaii sp. nov. A–K, male; L & M, pupa. A, third segment of right maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (front view); B, tibia of left hind leg (outer view); C, basitarsus with calcipala and second tarsomere with pedisulcus of left hind leg (outer view); D, coxites, styles and ventral plate (ventral view); E & F, right styles (E, medial view; F, ventrolateral view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (caudal view); I, left paramere (caudal view); J & K, right cerci (J, lateral view; K, caudal view); L, anterior portion of thorax and gill filaments (right side, outer view); M, terminal hooks (caudal view). Scale bars = 0.1 mm for B, C & L, and 0.02 mm for A, D–K & M." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5109827" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5109827/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">Fig. 1D</figureCitation>
|
||
). The male of this new species is characterized by the greater number of upper-eye large facets in 16 vertical columns and 16 horizontal rows. Such a greater number of upper-eye facets was recorded in five of the 21 species of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C798DFD0275FFF7FC85F84DFC4FF85B" authorityName="Takaoka & Davies" authorityYear="1995" box="[846,936,1989,2013]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asakoae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0275FFF7FC85F84DFC4FF85B" box="[846,936,1989,2013]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">asakoae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species-group, i.e.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C798DFD0275FFF0FB4AF84EFEEBFF29" authority="Long, An & Hao" authorityName="Long, An & Hao" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="351" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jianfengense" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0275FFF7FB4AF84EFB71F85B" box="[1153,1174,1990,2013]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">S.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0275FFF7FB6FF84EFB5BF85B" box="[1188,1212,1990,2013]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">G.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0275FFF7FB00F84DFAB1F85B" box="[1227,1366,1989,2013]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">jianfengense</emphasis>
|
||
Long, An & Hao
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36EB6EE0272FFF0FE9AFF1FFE71FF36" box="[337,406,151,176]" name="China" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C798DFD0272FFF0FE69FF10FCFEFF36" authority="Takaoka & Hashim" authorityName="Takaoka & Hashim" authorityYear="2011" box="[418,793,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sofiani" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0272FFF0FE69FF10FE50FF29" box="[418,439,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">S.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0272FFF0FE0CFF10FE38FF29" box="[455,479,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">G.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0272FFF0FE24FF10FDDEFF36" box="[495,569,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">sofiani</emphasis>
|
||
Takaoka & Hashim
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C798DFD0272FFF0FC9AFF10FA7FFF36" authority="Takaoka, Sofian-Azirun & Hashim" authorityName="Takaoka, Sofian-Azirun & Hashim" authorityYear="2011" box="[849,1432,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lurauense" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0272FFF0FC9AFF10FC81FF29" box="[849,870,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">S.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0272FFF0FCBDFF10FC69FF29" box="[886,910,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">G.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0272FFF0FC55FF10FBEDFF36" box="[926,1034,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">lurauense</emphasis>
|
||
Takaoka, Sofian-Azirun & Hashim
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, both from Peninsular
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36EB6EE0272FFF0FE42FF32FE17FF55" box="[393,496,186,211]" name="Malaysia" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C798DFD0272FFF0FDE7FF33FC37FF55" authority="Huang & Takaoka" authorityName="Huang & Takaoka" box="[556,976,186,211]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taitungnese" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0272FFF0FDE7FF33FDA6FF54" box="[556,577,187,210]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">S.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0272FFF0FD99FF33FD8DFF54" box="[594,618,187,210]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">G.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0272FFF0FDB0FF33FD1EFF54" box="[635,761,187,210]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">taitungnese</emphasis>
|
||
Huang & Takaoka
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C798DFD0272FFF0FBC7FF33FAC6FF55" authority="Takaoka" authorityName="Takaoka" authorityYear="1979" box="[1036,1313,186,211]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tuenense" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0272FFF0FBC7FF33FBC6FF54" box="[1036,1057,187,210]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">S.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0272FFF0FBF9FF33FBAEFF54" box="[1074,1097,187,210]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">G.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0272FFF0FB91FF33FB5DFF54" box="[1114,1210,187,210]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">tuenense</emphasis>
|
||
Takaoka
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, both from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F36EB6EE0272FFF0FF5CFF55FF0FFF70" box="[151,232,221,246]" name="Taiwan" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE88B8F0272FFF0FF36FF56FE54FF70" author="Long, Z. M. & An, J. Y. & Hao, B. S. & Yan, G. & Yuan, W. H." box="[253,435,221,246]" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" pagination="405 - 409" refId="ref13449" refString="Long, Z. M., An, J. Y., Hao, B. S., Yan, G. & Yuan, W. H. (1994) Two new blackflies of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) from Hainan Island, China (Diptera: Simuliidae). Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control, 5, 405 - 409." type="journal article" year="1994">
|
||
Long
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0272FFF0FEF6FF56FE8BFF73" box="[317,364,221,245]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1994
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE88B8F0272FFF0FE75FF55FD46FF70" author="Takaoka, H. & Sofian-Azirun, M. & Hashim, R." box="[446,673,221,246]" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" pagination="389 - 399" refId="ref13897" refString="Takaoka, H., Sofian-Azirun, M. & Hashim, R. (2011 a) Simulium (Gomphostilbia) sofiani, a new species of black fly (Diptera: Simuliidae) from Peninsular Malaysia. Tropical Biomedicine, 28, 389 - 399." type="journal article" year="2011">
|
||
Takaoka
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0272FFF0FDEBFF56FDB0FF73" box="[544,599,221,245]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2011a
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, b;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE88B8F0272FFF0FD0CFF56FC69FF70" author="Huang, Y. T. & Takaoka, H. & Otsuka, Y. & Aoki, C." box="[711,910,221,246]" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" pagination="577 - 588" refId="ref13381" refString="Huang, Y. T., Takaoka, H., Otsuka, Y. & Aoki, C. (2011) Simulium (Gomphostilbia) taitungense, a new species of black fly (Diptera: Simuliidae) from Taiwan, with description of the male of S. (G.) tuenense Takaoka. Tropical Biomedicine, 28, 577 - 588." type="journal article" year="2011">
|
||
Huang
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0272FFF0FCDDFF56FCA2FF73" box="[790,837,221,245]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2011
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). However, the male of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C798DFD0272FFF0FB44FF56FAA5FF73" authority="Takaoka & Sofian-Azirun & Ya’Cob & Chen & Lau & Pham, 2014" authorityName="Takaoka & Sofian-Azirun & Ya’Cob & Chen & Lau & Pham" authorityYear="2014" box="[1167,1346,221,246]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hongthaii" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0272FFF0FB44FF56FB43FF73" box="[1167,1188,222,245]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">S.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0272FFF0FB78FF56FB2CFF73" box="[1203,1227,222,245]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">G.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0272FFF0FB12FF55FAA5FF73" box="[1241,1346,221,245]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">hongthaii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23E97170272FFF0FA82FF56FA7AFF73" box="[1353,1437,222,245]" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is easily distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C798DFD0272FFF0FE02FE88FD7AFE9E" box="[457,669,255,280]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jianfengense" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0272FFF0FE02FE88FE39FE91" box="[457,478,256,279]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">S.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0272FFF0FE27FE88FDE3FE91" box="[492,516,256,279]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">G.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0272FFF0FDD8FE88FD7AFE9E" box="[531,669,256,280]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">jianfengense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the ventral plate which is trapezoidal in caudal view (cf., triangular in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C798DFD0272FFF0FF78FEABFE6FFEBD" box="[179,392,290,315]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jianfengense" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0272FFF0FF78FEABFF2FFEBC" box="[179,200,291,314]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">S.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0272FFF0FF1CFEABFF08FEBC" box="[215,239,291,314]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">G.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0272FFF0FF35FEABFE6FFEBD" box="[254,392,291,315]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">jianfengense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and all the other four species by the relative width of the hind basitarsus against the hind tibia (0.9–1.0 in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C798DFD0272FFF0FEDFFECEFE2FFEDB" authority="Takaoka & Sofian-Azirun & Ya’Cob & Chen & Lau & Pham, 2014" authorityName="Takaoka & Sofian-Azirun & Ya’Cob & Chen & Lau & Pham" authorityYear="2014" box="[276,456,325,350]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hongthaii" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0272FFF0FEDFFECEFECEFEDB" box="[276,297,326,349]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">S.</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0272FFF0FEF2FECEFEB7FEDB" box="[313,336,326,349]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">G.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="B90D2A6C0272FFF0FE94FECDFE2FFEDB" box="[351,456,325,349]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">hongthaii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23E97170272FFF0FE04FECEFDC3FEDB" box="[463,548,326,349]" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
versus
|
||
<quantity id="4C815B9B0272FFF0FDBDFECDFD53FED8" box="[630,692,325,350]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.032" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" unit="in" value="0.8">0.8 in</quantity>
|
||
the other four species).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |