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<document id="4810AD5F22622F63769E043C7336283B" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4146.1.1" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4146.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f27bf01d-bf27-4e86-b2ba-81b84931d348" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="268078" ID-ZooBank="35E0DECB-20CE-4295-AE8E-CB3CAB226C70" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1470033666767" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Sara A. Lourie, Riley A. Pollom &amp; Sarah J. Foster" docDate="2016" docId="03C42F370C62731DFF66CDF0BFF8D815" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4146.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4146 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Hippocampus angustus Gunther 1870" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="15" masterDocId="FFFD574F0C6C7312FFF1C92FBC3BD96D" masterDocTitle="A global revision of the Seahorses Hippocampus Rafinesque 1810 (Actinopterygii: Syngnathiformes): Taxonomy and biogeography with recommendations for further research" masterLastPageNumber="66" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="15" updateTime="1698366633973" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="2635EA331B55DD0C6331A6F028D7A3D2">A global revision of the Seahorses Hippocampus Rafinesque 1810 (Actinopterygii: Syngnathiformes): Taxonomy and biogeography with recommendations for further research</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F5234636CCB426FC72E0F4A8EBBD2FFD">Sara A. Lourie</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="ECE71F3CAC42406AADACD2697748860E">Riley A. Pollom</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5931580E2E667EA43058BD2439048E4F">Sarah J. Foster</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="DC01392CEB56019DE9AE3C726AFB3D56">2016</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="CB8529F6172D48AB27575EC176EDB570">4146</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03C42F370C62731DFF66CDF0BFF8D815" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6090911" ID-GBIF-Taxon="125134181" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6090911" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C42F370C62731DFF66CDF0BFF8D815" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C42F370C62731DFF66CDF0BFF8D815" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<subSubSection id="C377CDAA0C62731CFF66CDF0B974DC53" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BD29E210C62731CFF66CDF0BDE4DD94" blockId="14.[151,479,1247,1273]" box="[151,479,1247,1273]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<heading id="D09A294D0C62731CFF66CDF0BDE4DD94" bold="true" box="[151,479,1247,1273]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C6DE5A20C62731CFF66CDF0BDE4DD94" ID-CoL="3LZKB" authority="Gunther 1870" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1870" box="[151,479,1247,1273]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="angustus">
<emphasis id="B91942330C62731CFF66CDF0BDE4DD94" bold="true" box="[151,479,1247,1273]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="B91942330C62731CFF66CDF0BD12DD94" bold="true" box="[151,297,1247,1273]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">H. angustus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFFCE3D00C62731CFEC0CDF0BDE4DD94" author="Gunther" box="[305,479,1247,1273]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Gunther, A. (1870) Catalogue of the fishes of the British Museum. Volume 8. Taylor and Francis, London, 549 pp." type="book" year="1870">Günther 1870</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD29E210C62731CFF66CC0AB974DC53" blockId="14.[151,1437,1317,2023]" box="[151,1359,1317,1342]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="B91942330C62731CFF66CC0ABED1DC53" bold="true" box="[151,746,1317,1342]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">English common names. Narrow-Bellied Seahorse</emphasis>
,
<collectingRegion id="49A950C30C62731CFD09CC08BF68DC53" box="[760,851,1319,1342]" country="Sri Lanka" name="Western" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Western</collectingRegion>
Australian seahorse, western spiny seahorse.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C377CDAA0C62731CFF36CC65BEA5DC0F" box="[199,670,1354,1379]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BD29E210C62731CFF36CC65BEA5DC0F" blockId="14.[151,1437,1317,2023]" box="[199,670,1354,1379]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="B91942330C62731CFF36CC65BD02DC0E" bold="true" box="[199,313,1354,1379]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Syntypes.</emphasis>
BMNH 1858.12.27.97-103 (7).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C377CDAA0C62731CFF36CC42BD02DCA3" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BD29E210C62731CFF36CC42BF2CDCEB" blockId="14.[151,1437,1317,2023]" box="[199,791,1389,1414]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<materialsCitation id="3B05947C0C62731CFF36CC42BF2CDCEB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1416636199" box="[199,791,1389,1414]" location="Freycinet Harbour" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Australia" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B91942330C62731CFF36CC42BD5EDCEB" bold="true" box="[199,357,1389,1414]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<typeStatus id="54D620830C62731CFF36CC42BD39DCEB" box="[199,258,1389,1414]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Type</typeStatus>
locality.
</emphasis>
<location id="8EB2C8FA0C62731CFE9DCC42BE07DCEB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C42F370C62731DFF66CDF0BFF8D815:8EB2C8FA0C62731CFE9DCC42BE07DCEB" box="[364,572,1389,1414]" name="Freycinet Harbour" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" stateProvince="Western Australia">Freycinet Harbour</location>
,
<collectingRegion id="49A950C30C62731CFDB6CC40BF28DCEB" box="[583,787,1389,1414]" country="Australia" name="Western Australia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<collectingRegion id="49A950C30C62731CFDB6CC40BE99DCEB" box="[583,674,1391,1414]" country="Sri Lanka" name="Western" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Western</collectingRegion>
Australia
</collectingRegion>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD29E210C62731CFF36CCBDBD02DCA3" blockId="14.[151,1437,1317,2023]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="B91942330C62731CFF36CCBDBD72DCC6" bold="true" box="[199,329,1426,1451]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Synonyms.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C6DE5A20C62731CFEA2CCBCBEB1DCC7" authority="Kuiter 2001" authorityName="Kuiter" authorityYear="2001" box="[339,650,1426,1451]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="grandiceps">
<emphasis id="B91942330C62731CFEA2CCBCBDCFDCC7" box="[339,500,1426,1450]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">H. grandiceps</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFFCE3D00C62731CFE0CCCBDBEB1DCC7" author="Kuiter" box="[509,650,1426,1451]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Kuiter, R. (2001) Revision of the Australian seahorses of the genus Hippocampus (Syngnathiformes: Syngnathidae) with descriptions of nine new species. Records of the Australian Museum, 53, 293 - 340. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3853 / j. 0067 - 1975.53.2001.1350" type="journal article" year="2001">Kuiter 2001</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C6DE5A20C62731CFD69CCBCBF8ADCC7" authority="Kuiter 2001" authorityName="Kuiter" authorityYear="2001" box="[664,945,1426,1451]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hendriki">
<emphasis id="B91942330C62731CFD69CCBCBF21DCC7" box="[664,794,1426,1450]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">H. hendriki</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFFCE3D00C62731CFCD5CCBDBF8ADCC7" author="Kuiter" box="[804,945,1426,1451]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Kuiter, R. (2001) Revision of the Australian seahorses of the genus Hippocampus (Syngnathiformes: Syngnathidae) with descriptions of nine new species. Records of the Australian Museum, 53, 293 - 340. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3853 / j. 0067 - 1975.53.2001.1350" type="journal article" year="2001">Kuiter 2001</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C6DE5A20C62731CFC4ECCBCB8C0DCC7" authority="Kuiter 2001" authorityName="Kuiter" authorityYear="2001" box="[959,1275,1426,1451]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="multispinus">
<emphasis id="B91942330C62731CFC4ECCBCB85DDCC7" box="[959,1126,1426,1450]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">H. multispinus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFFCE3D00C62731CFB9ECCBDB8C0DCC7" author="Kuiter" box="[1135,1275,1426,1451]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Kuiter, R. (2001) Revision of the Australian seahorses of the genus Hippocampus (Syngnathiformes: Syngnathidae) with descriptions of nine new species. Records of the Australian Museum, 53, 293 - 340. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3853 / j. 0067 - 1975.53.2001.1350" type="journal article" year="2001">Kuiter 2001</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C6DE5A20C62731CFAFBCCBCBD0DDCA3" authority="Gunther 1870" authorityName="Gunther" authorityYear="1870" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="erinaceus">
<emphasis id="B91942330C62731CFAFBCCBCB9A7DCC7" box="[1290,1436,1427,1450]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">H. erinaceus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFFCE3D00C62731CFF66CC9ABD0DDCA3" author="Gunther" box="[151,310,1461,1486]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Gunther, A. (1870) Catalogue of the fishes of the British Museum. Volume 8. Taylor and Francis, London, 549 pp." type="book" year="1870">Günther 1870</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C377CDAA0C62731DFF36CCF5BFF8D815" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BD29E210C62731CFF36CCF5BEF4DC9E" blockId="14.[151,1437,1317,2023]" box="[199,719,1498,1523]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="B91942330C62731CFF36CCF5BD5BDC9E" bold="true" box="[199,352,1498,1523]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F37ADEB10C62731CFE96CCF5BDF5DC9E" box="[359,462,1498,1523]" name="Australia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Australia</collectingCountry>
(north and northwest).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD29E210C62731DFF36CCD4BFF8D815" blockId="14.[151,1437,1317,2023]" lastBlockId="15.[151,1436,151,376]" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="B91942330C62731CFF36CCD4BD2ADF79" bold="true" box="[199,273,1531,1556]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Notes.</emphasis>
Differences of opinion exist as to the number of spiny, striped-snouted, reticulated brown-patterned seahorse species in northern
<collectingCountry id="F37ADEB10C62731CFE1FCF33BE63DF58" box="[494,600,1564,1589]" name="Australia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Australia</collectingCountry>
. Morphologically and meristically there is a lot of overlap among the specimens and there are no clear morphological distinctions (Appendix B). Based on our measurements of many of the same specimens that were used to describe
<emphasis id="B91942330C62731CFD43CF4FBFD1DF1A" box="[690,1002,1631,1655]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<taxonomicName id="4C6DE5A20C62731CFD43CF4FBF6EDF1A" box="[690,853,1631,1655]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="grandiceps">H. grandiceps</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C6DE5A20C62731CFC93CF4FBFDDDF1A" box="[866,998,1631,1655]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hendriki">H. hendriki</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C6DE5A20C62731CFBD5CF4FB955DF1A" authority="Kuiter 2001" authorityName="Kuiter" authorityYear="2001" box="[1060,1390,1631,1656]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="multispinus">
<emphasis id="B91942330C62731CFBD5CF4FB8F3DF1A" box="[1060,1224,1631,1655]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">H. multispinus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFFCE3D00C62731CFB29CF70B95DDF1A" author="Kuiter" box="[1240,1382,1631,1656]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Kuiter, R. (2001) Revision of the Australian seahorses of the genus Hippocampus (Syngnathiformes: Syngnathidae) with descriptions of nine new species. Records of the Australian Museum, 53, 293 - 340. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3853 / j. 0067 - 1975.53.2001.1350" type="journal article" year="2001">Kuiter 2001</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, we find inconsistencies between our counts, and our counts do not uphold the very slight modal differences among the putative species described in
<bibRefCitation id="EFFCE3D00C62731CFE11CF8DBE46DFD7" author="Kuiter" box="[480,637,1698,1723]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Kuiter, R. (2001) Revision of the Australian seahorses of the genus Hippocampus (Syngnathiformes: Syngnathidae) with descriptions of nine new species. Records of the Australian Museum, 53, 293 - 340. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3853 / j. 0067 - 1975.53.2001.1350" type="journal article" year="2001">Kuiter (2001)</bibRefCitation>
. Even these differences disappear when all the specimens measured by SL (including ones not measured in
<bibRefCitation id="EFFCE3D00C62731CFDC6CFECBEFADFB1" author="Kuiter" box="[567,705,1731,1756]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refString="Kuiter, R. (2001) Revision of the Australian seahorses of the genus Hippocampus (Syngnathiformes: Syngnathidae) with descriptions of nine new species. Records of the Australian Museum, 53, 293 - 340. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3853 / j. 0067 - 1975.53.2001.1350" type="journal article" year="2001">Kuiter 2001</bibRefCitation>
) are divided regionally, and we therefore treat them as a single, morphologically variable species with the name
<taxonomicName id="4C6DE5A20C62731CFD18CFCABF43DF91" box="[745,888,1765,1788]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="angustus">
<emphasis id="B91942330C62731CFD18CFCABF43DF91" box="[745,888,1765,1788]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">H. angustus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Eleven barcode sequences are available for specimens from this group (six of which are publicly available): one from Rockingham, south of Perth (identified as
<taxonomicName id="4C6DE5A20C62731CFF49CE07BD4ADE52" box="[184,369,1831,1855]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="subelongatus">
<emphasis id="B91942330C62731CFF49CE07BD4ADE52" box="[184,369,1831,1855]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">H. subelongatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), one from Shark
<collectingRegion id="49A950C30C62731CFDB8CE07BE4DDE2D" box="[585,630,1832,1856]" country="Somalia" name="Bay" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Bay</collectingRegion>
(identified as
<taxonomicName id="4C6DE5A20C62731CFCD1CE07BF92DE52" box="[800,937,1832,1855]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="angustus">
<emphasis id="B91942330C62731CFCD1CE07BF92DE52" box="[800,937,1832,1855]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">H. angustus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), two from the northwest coast of
<collectingRegion id="49A950C30C62731CFAB0CE07BCC5DE0C" country="Australia" name="Western Australia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<collectingRegion id="49A950C30C62731CFAB0CE07B9A7DE52" box="[1345,1436,1832,1855]" country="Sri Lanka" name="Western" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Western</collectingRegion>
<collectingCountry id="F37ADEB10C62731CFF66CE67BCC5DE0C" box="[151,254,1864,1889]" name="Australia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Australia</collectingCountry>
</collectingRegion>
(identified as
<taxonomicName id="4C6DE5A20C62731CFE6FCE66BE1EDE0D" box="[414,549,1865,1888]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="angustus">
<emphasis id="B91942330C62731CFE6FCE66BE1EDE0D" box="[414,549,1865,1888]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">H. angustus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), one from Misool,
<collectingRegion id="49A950C30C62731CFCF4CE66BFB2DE0D" box="[773,905,1865,1888]" country="Indonesia" name="Papua Barat" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<collectingRegion id="49A950C30C62731CFCF4CE66BF07DE0D" box="[773,828,1865,1888]" country="Tanzania" name="Mjini Magharibi" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">West</collectingRegion>
Papua
</collectingRegion>
(identified as
<emphasis id="B91942330C62731CFBD8CE66B8F2DE0C" box="[1065,1225,1865,1889]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
H. cf
<taxonomicName id="4C6DE5A20C62731CFB97CE66B8F2DE0C" box="[1126,1225,1865,1889]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="barbouri">barbouri</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
) and five from the Torres Strait (identified as
<taxonomicName id="4C6DE5A20C62731CFE33CE44BE7ADEEF" box="[450,577,1898,1922]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hendriki">
<emphasis id="B91942330C62731CFE33CE44BE7ADEEF" box="[450,577,1898,1922]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">H. hendriki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and not publicly available). BOLD separates them into three BINs (Barcode Index Number groups): i)
<taxonomicName id="4C6DE5A20C62731CFE4DCEA3BE49DECE" box="[444,626,1931,1955]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="subelongatus">
<emphasis id="B91942330C62731CFE4DCEA3BE49DECE" box="[444,626,1931,1955]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">H. subelongatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C6DE5A20C62731CFD56CEA3BF16DECE" box="[679,813,1932,1955]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="angustus">
<emphasis id="B91942330C62731CFD56CEA3BF16DECE" box="[679,813,1932,1955]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">H. angustus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Shark
<collectingRegion id="49A950C30C62731CFC74CEA3BF8FDEC9" box="[901,948,1932,1956]" country="Somalia" name="Bay" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Bay</collectingRegion>
) (identical sequences), ii) two northwest
<taxonomicName id="4C6DE5A20C62731CFA70CEA3BCC0DEA9" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="angustus">
<emphasis id="B91942330C62731CFA70CEA3BCC0DEA9" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">H. angustus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(maximum genetic distance within this group is 0.61%) and iii)
<emphasis id="B91942330C62731CFC36CE82B85CDEA8" box="[967,1127,1965,1989]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
H. cf
<taxonomicName id="4C6DE5A20C62731CFBF2CE82B85CDEA8" box="[1027,1127,1965,1989]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="barbouri">barbouri</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C6DE5A20C62731CFB6DCE82B921DEA8" box="[1180,1306,1965,1989]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hendriki">
<emphasis id="B91942330C62731CFB6DCE82B921DEA8" box="[1180,1306,1965,1989]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">H. hendriki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(maximum genetic distance within this group is 0.92%). The genetic distance among the groups is 1.281.44%, which is below the 2% threshold We have adopted for this revision. If further study suggests that spiny seahorses from Shark
<collectingRegion id="49A950C30C63731DFA9EC9B7B9A7D9DD" box="[1391,1436,152,176]" country="Somalia" name="Bay" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Bay</collectingRegion>
(the
<typeStatus id="54D620830C63731DFF38C995BCC2D9BF" box="[201,249,186,210]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">type</typeStatus>
locality of
<taxonomicName id="4C6DE5A20C63731DFE89C995BDC5D9BC" box="[376,510,186,209]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="angustus">
<emphasis id="B91942330C63731DFE89C995BDC5D9BC" box="[376,510,186,209]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">H. angustus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) are indeed the same as
<taxonomicName id="4C6DE5A20C63731DFCFFC995BFFFD9BC" box="[782,964,185,209]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="subelongatus">
<emphasis id="B91942330C63731DFCFFC995BFFFD9BC" box="[782,964,185,209]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">H. subelongatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C6DE5A20C63731DFC20C995B86CD9BC" box="[977,1111,186,209]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="angustus">
<emphasis id="B91942330C63731DFC20C995B86CD9BC" box="[977,1111,186,209]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">H. angustus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has chronological priority. If the spiny northern seahorses turn out to be a single species, and distinct from
<taxonomicName id="4C6DE5A20C63731DFBF0C9F4B8BCD99F" box="[1025,1159,219,242]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="angustus">
<emphasis id="B91942330C63731DFBF0C9F4B8BCD99F" box="[1025,1159,219,242]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">H. angustus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but conspecific with
<emphasis id="B91942330C63731DFA70C9F4BD31D879" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<taxonomicName id="4C6DE5A20C63731DFA70C9F4BD3CD879" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="erinaceus">H. erinaceus</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
the name
<taxonomicName id="4C6DE5A20C63731DFE8CC9D2BE37D879" box="[381,524,253,276]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="erinaceus">
<emphasis id="B91942330C63731DFE8CC9D2BE37D879" box="[381,524,253,276]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">H. erinaceus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
would have priority over new species names (those from
<bibRefCitation id="EFFCE3D00C63731DFB61C9D3B920D879" author="Kuiter" box="[1168,1307,252,277]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refString="Kuiter, R. (2001) Revision of the Australian seahorses of the genus Hippocampus (Syngnathiformes: Syngnathidae) with descriptions of nine new species. Records of the Australian Museum, 53, 293 - 340. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3853 / j. 0067 - 1975.53.2001.1350" type="journal article" year="2001">Kuiter 2001</bibRefCitation>
). That said, although the meristic data of
<taxonomicName id="4C6DE5A20C63731DFE07C831BEB1D858" box="[502,650,286,309]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="erinaceus">
<emphasis id="B91942330C63731DFE07C831BEB1D858" box="[502,650,286,309]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">H. erinaceus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
match those of other northern spiny species, it is a much smaller specimen with a relatively short snout. If the northern seahorses turn out to be more than one species,
<taxonomicName id="4C6DE5A20C63731DFAFCC810B9A7D83B" box="[1293,1436,319,342]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="erinaceus">
<emphasis id="B91942330C63731DFAFCC810B9A7D83B" box="[1293,1436,319,342]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">H. erinaceus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
should be one of the names. See additional notes under
<emphasis id="B91942330C63731DFCF4C84EBFF8D815" box="[773,963,352,376]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<taxonomicName id="4C6DE5A20C63731DFCF4C84EBF84D815" box="[773,959,352,376]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Syngnathidae" genus="Hippocampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Syngnathiformes" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="subelongatus">H. subelongatus</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>