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<document id="3DA22C6A42A5ED5FFD83D4C350E8C03A" ID-CLB-Dataset="299712" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.11512380" ID-GBIF-Dataset="cbd0259b-b622-45d4-88a9-ed702008c386" ID-ISSN="0068-547X" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11512380" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="carolina" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="carolina" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="carolina" IM.treatments_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1717719451574" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Williams, Gary C. &amp; Matsumoto, Asako K." docDate="2015" docId="039C8788FFAEFFDC2A68261D915AFB31" docLanguage="en" docName="ProcCalifAcadSci.62.8.257-266.pdf" docOrigin="Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences 62 (8)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:E411DA009AF5E7F9A7E023431E2B7D5B.2:ProcCalifAcadSci.2015-.journal_article" docStyleId="E411DA009AF5E7F9A7E023431E2B7D5B" docStyleName="ProcCalifAcadSci.2015-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Stylatula diminutiva Williams and Matsumoto 2015, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="261" masterDocId="FFA5FFF0FFAFFFD82A13221D9341FFD7" masterDocTitle="A Review of the Pennatulacean Genus Stylatula, with the Description of a New Species from Japan (Cnidaria: Octocorallia)" masterLastPageNumber="266" masterPageNumber="257" pageNumber="258" updateTime="1720736776001" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="46145FB5F72FB60572C1EBBC60E7395C">A Review of the Pennatulacean Genus Stylatula, with the Description of a New Species from Japan (Cnidaria: Octocorallia)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E75813A25662C5BDFEA215D994B3BD37">Williams, Gary C.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="8D958AA0313EF9C2F21BCBD6A4D84AF2">Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Geology, California Academy of Sciences, 55 Music Concourse Drive, San Francisco, California 94118, USA. Corresponding author: Email: gwilliams @ calacademy. org.;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="CE5D04820D6E0B484EF5F4AD2605D541">Matsumoto, Asako K.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="688BED0D5CCDAF9F42E348E8D16747C8">Planetary Exploration Research Center (PERC), Chiba Institute of Technology (Chitec), Tsudanuma 2 - 17 - 1, Narashino, Chiba 275 - 0016, Japan; &amp; Faculty of Economics and Informatics, Educational Foundation SHOUHEIKOU, Higashi Nippon International University, 37 Suganezawa, Kamata, Taira, Iwaki, Fukushima 970 - 8023, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="0EDC69DD069ABFB1232FA43C1C8176F7">Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="313BC031F1E4F52BC600824B3E332E53">2015</mods:date>
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<treatment id="039C8788FFAEFFDC2A68261D915AFB31" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11512436" ID-GBIF-Taxon="235041604" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11512436" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039C8788FFAEFFDC2A68261D915AFB31" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/039C8788FFAEFFDC2A68261D915AFB31" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="261" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">
<subSubSection id="C32F6515FFAEFFD92A68261D91A7FBCF" box="[123,742,1024,1048]" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B8A369EFFAEFFD92A68261D91A7FBCF" blockId="1.[123,742,1024,1079]" box="[123,742,1024,1048]" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">
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<taxonomicName id="4C354D1DFFAEFFD92A68261D91C0FBCF" ID-CoL="6ZZQJ" authority="Williams and Matsumoto" authorityName="Williams and Matsumoto" authorityYear="2015" box="[123,641,1024,1048]" class="Anthozoa" family="Virgulariidae" genus="Stylatula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pennatulacea" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="diminutiva" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B941EA8CFFAEFFD92A68261D921BFBCF" bold="true" box="[123,346,1024,1048]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">Stylatula diminutiva</emphasis>
Williams and Matsumoto
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,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27257F7FFAEFFD92883261D91A7FBCF" box="[656,742,1024,1048]" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation id="130E2A1BFFAEFFD92A68263C93FBFBA5" captionStart-0="FIGURE" captionStart-1="FIGURE" captionStart-2="FIGURE" captionStart-3="FIGURE" captionStart-4="FIGURE" captionStart-5="Figure 7" captionStart-6="FIGURE" captionStart-7="FIGURE" captionStartId-0="2.[155,167,1551,1570]" captionStartId-1="3.[182,194,845,864]" captionStartId-2="3.[182,194,1614,1633]" captionStartId-3="4.[185,197,830,849]" captionStartId-4="4.[695,707,843,862]" captionStartId-5="5.[155,211,1620,1639]" captionStartId-6="6.[539,551,1077,1096]" captionStartId-7="7.[155,167,1461,1480]" captionTargetBox-0="[160,1137,216,1534]" captionTargetBox-1="[147,632,216,832]" captionTargetBox-2="[147,627,988,1599]" captionTargetBox-3="[149,637,216,817]" captionTargetBox-4="[647,1140,216,824]" captionTargetBox-5="[133,1176,216,1598]" captionTargetBox-6="[507,1176,216,1069]" captionTargetBox-7="[120,1175,787,1441]" captionTargetId-0="figure-83@2.[160,1137,216,1534]" captionTargetId-1="figure-238@3.[147,627,216,827]" captionTargetId-2="figure-240@3.[147,627,988,1599]" captionTargetId-3="figure-411@4.[149,629,216,815]" captionTargetId-4="figure-439@4.[660,1140,216,827]" captionTargetId-5="figure-84@5.[133,1176,216,1598]" captionTargetId-6="figure-545@6.[504,1176,216,1071]" captionTargetId-7="figure-201@7.[120,1175,787,1441]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionTargetPageId-2="3" captionTargetPageId-3="4" captionTargetPageId-4="4" captionTargetPageId-5="5" captionTargetPageId-6="6" captionTargetPageId-7="7" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Stylatula diminutiva sp. nov. A-B. Living colony. C. Wet preserved holotype (CAS 198016). D-F. Wet preserved paratype (CAS 203514). Scale bars = 2.5 mm." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Stylatula diminutiva sp. nov. SEM of surface of axis (CAS 203513), showing surface pores. A. Portion of axis; scale bar = 0.2 mm. B. Detail of axial surface; scale bar = 0.02 mm. C. Ultrastructural detail of axial surface; scale bar = 0.01 mm." captionText-2="FIGURE 4. Stylatula diminutiva sp. nov. SEM of internal morphology of the axis (CAS 203514), showing radial arrangement of calcareous material. Transverse sections of axis; scale bars = 0.02 mm." captionText-3="FIGURE 5. Stylatula diminutiva sp. nov. SEM of scle- rites from region of the polyp leaf armature (Non-type CAS 203513); scale bars = 0.10 mm." captionText-4="FIGURE 6. Stylatula diminutiva sp. nov. SEM of scle- rites from region of the polyp leaf armature (Paratype CAS 203514); scale bars = 0.10 mm." captionText-5="Figure 7. Wet-preserved colonies of Pacific Ocean species of Stylatula. A-C. Stylatula elongata (CAS 173213); scale bars: A = 40 mm, B &amp; C = 15 mm. D-F. Stylatula diminutiva sp. nov.; scale bar = 10 mm. D. (CAS 203513). E. Holotype (CAS 198016). F. Paratype (CAS 198017). G. Stylatula austropacifica Paratype (CAS 173209); scale bar = 30 mm." captionText-6="FIGURE 8. Stylatula austropacifica, sclerites from the holotype (CAS 173209), showing that they are not three-flanged; scale bar = 0.50 mm." captionText-7="FIGURE 9. Map of the Pacific and Indian Oceans showing the known geographic distribution of the genus Stylatula. Arrows point to type localities of 11 of the species. Localities of S. lacazi and S. kinsbergi are not known." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11512382" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12728940" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12728942" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12728944" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11512386" figureDoi-5="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11512388" figureDoi-6="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12728946" figureDoi-7="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11512392" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/11512382/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/12728940/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/12728942/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/12728944/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/11512386/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/11512388/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/12728946/files/figure.png" httpUri-7="https://zenodo.org/record/11512392/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">
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<paragraph id="8B8A369EFFAEFFD92A68263C93B2FBE1" blockId="1.[123,742,1024,1079]" box="[123,243,1057,1079]" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">Figures 1–9.</paragraph>
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<collectionCode id="ED24AE5BFFAEFFD92AB826479240FBA6" box="[171,257,1114,1138]" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">SPECIES</collectionCode>
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.— Virgulariid pennatulaceans; mature colonies &lt;
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long; number of polyps per polyp leaf 2–4; number of large sclerites comprising fan-shaped polyp leaf armature &lt;7; sclerites three-flanged throughout.
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.—
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:
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;
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,
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,
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,
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;
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x
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;
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depth
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;
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; collection number AKM 1414; collector
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on board
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/
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<location id="8EEA6045FFAEFFD928A326E391ABFAC2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039C8788FFAEFFDC2A68261D915AFB31:8EEA6045FFAEFFD928A326E391ABFAC2" box="[688,746,1278,1301]" country="Japan" name="Yayoi" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" stateProvince="Iwate">Yayoi</location>
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with
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biological dredge; remarks – mud bottom inside bay, water temperature 9.6° C: one whole specimen preserved in 95% EtOH
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.
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:
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</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B5D3CC3FFAEFFD92BA2272291DAFA80" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4905176310" box="[433,667,1343,1367]" collectionCode="R, V" country="Japan" elevation="1" location="Yayoi" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Iwate" typeStatus="paratype">same data as holotype</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B5D3CC3FFAEFFD928BB27229011FA80" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4905176308" box="[680,848,1343,1367]" collectionCode="CASIZ" country="Japan" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" specimenCode="CASIZ 203514" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Iwate" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B941EA8CFFAEFFD928BB27229011FA80" bold="true" box="[680,848,1343,1367]" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">
<specimenCode id="DB939EE5FFAEFFD928BB27229011FA80" box="[680,848,1343,1367]" collectionCode="CASIZ" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">CASIZ 203514</specimenCode>
</emphasis>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B5D3CC3FFAEFFD9294D272297D7FA4F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4905176311" collectingDate="1993-11-12" collectorName="S. Ohta" country="Japan" elevation="119" latitude="39.566666" location="east Otsuchi Bay" longLatPrecision="1168" longitude="142.68333" municipality="Sanriku" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Iwate" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectingCountry id="F322760EFFAEFFD9294D272290DAFA81" box="[862,923,1343,1366]" name="Japan" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">Japan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49F1F87CFFAEFFD929BB27229719FA80" box="[936,1112,1343,1367]" country="Japan" name="Iwate" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">Iwate Prefecture</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BEEACE4FFAEFFD92E77272293E7FAA0" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">Sanriku</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8EEA6045FFAEFFD92AA1277D9224FAAF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039C8788FFAEFFDC2A68261D915AFB31:8EEA6045FFAEFFD92AA1277D9224FAAF" box="[178,357,1375,1400]" country="Japan" latitude="39.566666" longLatPrecision="1168" longitude="142.68333" municipality="Sanriku" name="east Otsuchi Bay" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" stateProvince="Iwate">east Otsuchi Bay</location>
; approximate coordinates 39°24′ –
<geoCoordinate id="EE015059FFAEFFD928CD277D9076FAA0" box="[734,823,1374,1400]" degrees="39" direction="north" minutes="34" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" precision="925" value="39.566666">39°34′N</geoCoordinate>
, ca. 142°10′–
<geoCoordinate id="EE015059FFAEFFD929DB277D976DFAA0" box="[968,1068,1374,1400]" degrees="142" direction="east" minutes="41" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" precision="925" value="142.68333">142°41′E</geoCoordinate>
;
<elevation id="0018D1ADFFAEFFD92E2A277D9390FA4F" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.19" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="1.18" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" unit="m" value="119.0" valueMax="120.0" valueMin="118.0">
<quantity id="4CCD9B7BFFAEFFD92E2A277D93D1FA4F" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.19" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="1.18" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" unit="m" value="119.0" valueMax="120.0" valueMin="118.0">118–120 m</quantity>
depth
</elevation>
;
<date id="FF8B105EFFAEFFD92AF3279D92ECFA4F" box="[224,429,1408,1432]" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" value="1993-11-12">
<collectingDate id="EFCFE9B6FFAEFFD92AF3279D92ECFA4F" box="[224,429,1408,1432]" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" value="1993-11-12">12 November 1993</collectingDate>
</date>
; collection number AKM 1627 (= 1618b); collector
<collectorName id="26C05348FFAEFFD929F3279D9770FA4F" box="[992,1073,1408,1432]" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">S. Ohta</collectorName>
on board
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B5D3CC3FFAEFFD92A6827BC90A5FA0E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4905176304" collectionCode="R, V" collectorName="Tansei-maru KT" country="Japan" elevation="1" location="St." pageId="1" pageNumber="258" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Iwate" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectionCode id="ED24AE5BFFAEFFD92A6827BC93CCFA6F" box="[123,141,1441,1464]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">R</collectionCode>
/
<collectionCode id="ED24AE5BFFAEFFD92A8727BC93E6FA6F" box="[148,167,1441,1464]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
<collectorName id="26C05348FFAEFFD92ABC27BC9221FA6F" box="[175,352,1441,1465]" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">Tansei-maru KT</collectorName>
93–15 cruise,
<location id="8EEA6045FFAEFFD9281127BC915EFA6F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:039C8788FFAEFFDC2A68261D915AFB31:8EEA6045FFAEFFD9281127BC915EFA6F" box="[514,543,1441,1465]" country="Japan" name="St." pageId="1" pageNumber="258" stateProvince="Iwate">St.</location>
01 with
<quantity id="4CCD9B7BFFAEFFD9289027BC91EDFA6F" box="[643,684,1441,1465]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" unit="m" value="1.0">
<elevation id="0018D1ADFFAEFFD9289027BC91EDFA6F" box="[643,684,1441,1465]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" unit="m" value="1.0">1 m</elevation>
</quantity>
biological dredge; remarks – separated from AKM 1618a; one whole specimen fixed in formalin and preserved in 95% EtOH
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B5D3CC3FFAEFFD929E027DC9284FA2D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4905176303" collectionCode="OTHER, MATERIAL" country="Japan" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" specimenCode="CASIZ 203513" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Iwate">
<typeStatus id="548E883CFFAEFFD929E027DC93D7FA2E" isOtherTypeStatus="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">
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<collectionCode id="ED24AE5BFFAEFFD929E027DC977BFA0F" box="[1011,1082,1473,1497]" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">OTHER</collectionCode>
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<collectionCode id="ED24AE5BFFAEFFD92E5127D893D7FA2E" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">MATERIAL</collectionCode>
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(non-type):
<emphasis id="B941EA8CFFAEFFD92B0F27FF9284FA2D" bold="true" box="[284,453,1506,1530]" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">
<specimenCode id="DB939EE5FFAEFFD92B0F27FF9284FA2D" box="[284,453,1506,1530]" collectionCode="CASIZ" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">CASIZ 203513</specimenCode>
</emphasis>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B5D3CC3FFAEFFD92BC727FF9181FA2D" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="4905176301" box="[468,704,1506,1530]" collectionCode="R, V" country="Japan" elevation="1" location="Yayoi" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Iwate">same data as holotype</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32F6515FFAEFFDC2AB8241E9206FBD0" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="261" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B8A369EFFAEFFDC2AB8241E9206FBD0" blockId="1.[123,1174,1114,1726]" lastBlockId="4.[123,1174,975,1255]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="261" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">
<smallCapsWord id="8D6CA042FFAEFFD92AB8241E927BF9CE" baselines="1557,1556" box="[171,314,1539,1563]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Description" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">
<emphasis id="B941EA8CFFAEFFD92AB8241E927BF9CE" bold="true" box="[171,314,1539,1563]" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">DESCRIPTION</emphasis>
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.— The wet-preserve
<typeStatus id="548E883CFFAEFFD92823241F91CCF9CD" box="[560,653,1538,1562]" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
measures
<quantity id="4CCD9B7BFFAEFFD92919241F9014F9CD" box="[778,853,1538,1562]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" unit="mm" value="36.0">36 mm</quantity>
in length and 2.
<quantity id="4CCD9B7BFFAEFFD92E0F241F9718F9CD" box="[1052,1113,1538,1562]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
at it widest point (across the second polyp pair from the terminal apex. The internal axis is thin and extends the length of the colony. It is cylindrical, round in cross section, and contains numerous surface pores, which are often narrow and elongated. The composition of the axis is that of radially-arranged, wedge-shaped columns of calcareous matter, as in other pennatulaceans (
<figureCitation id="130E2A1BFFAEFFD92E32249897C4F94A" box="[1057,1157,1669,1693]" captionStart-0="FIGURE" captionStart-1="FIGURE" captionStartId-0="3.[182,194,845,864]" captionStartId-1="3.[182,194,1614,1633]" captionTargetBox-0="[147,632,216,832]" captionTargetBox-1="[147,627,988,1599]" captionTargetId-0="figure-238@3.[147,627,216,827]" captionTargetId-1="figure-240@3.[147,627,988,1599]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionText-0="FIGURE 2. Stylatula diminutiva sp. nov. SEM of sur- face of axis (CAS 203513), showing surface pores. A. Portion of axis; scale bar = 0.2 mm. B. Detail of axial surface; scale bar = 0.02 mm. C. Ultrastructural detail of axial surface; scale bar = 0.01 mm." captionText-1="FIGURE 4. Stylatula diminutiva sp. nov. SEM of internal morphology of the axis (CAS 203514), show- ing radial arrangement of calcareous material. Trans- verse sections of axis; scale bars = 0.02 mm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12728940" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12728942" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/12728940/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/12728942/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="258">Figs. 2–4</figureCitation>
), which is similar to the axial structure of ellisellid gorgonians (
<bibRefCitation id="EFA44B6FFFAEFFD9290D24BB9096F969" author="BAYER, F. M." box="[798,983,1701,1726]" pageId="1" pageNumber="258" refId="ref3098" refString="BAYER, F. M. 1956. Octocorallia. Pages 163 - 231 in R. C. Moore, ed., Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology Part F. Coelenterata. The University of Kansas Press and the Geological Society of America and University of Kansas Press, Lawrence, Kansas, USA. 498 pp." type="book" year="1956">Bayer, 1956: 224</bibRefCitation>
). Of the approximately thirty-five pairs of polyp leaves that are distinguishable, nine of these at the upper end of the rachis are fully developed, have mature polyps and conspicuous fan-shaped basal armature. The other twenty-six polyp leaf pairs are incipient, or not fully mature, and are not separated from apex. Small, cross-like sclerites may also be present. Some sclerites may also have a short side branch (
<figureCitation id="130E2A1BFFABFFDC2AC121F2927AFBD0" box="[210,315,1007,1031]" captionStart-0="FIGURE" captionStart-1="FIGURE" captionStartId-0="4.[185,197,830,849]" captionStartId-1="4.[695,707,843,862]" captionTargetBox-0="[149,637,216,817]" captionTargetBox-1="[647,1140,216,824]" captionTargetId-0="figure-411@4.[149,629,216,815]" captionTargetId-1="figure-439@4.[660,1140,216,827]" captionTargetPageId-0="4" captionTargetPageId-1="4" captionText-0="FIGURE 5. Stylatula diminutiva sp. nov. SEM of scle- rites from region of the polyp leaf armature (Non-type CAS 203513); scale bars = 0.10 mm." captionText-1="FIGURE 6. Stylatula diminutiva sp. nov. SEM of scle- rites from region of the polyp leaf armature (Paratype CAS 203514); scale bars = 0.10 mm." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12728944" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11512386" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/12728944/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/11512386/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="261">Figs. 5–6</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF4A6616FFADFFDA2A8824129106F9EB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11512382" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11512382" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11512382/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="259" startId="2.[155,167,1551,1570]" targetBox="[160,1137,216,1534]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8B8A369EFFADFFDA2A8824129106F9EB" blockId="2.[123,1173,1551,1596]" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">
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1.
<taxonomicName id="4C354D1DFFADFFDA2AE6241292E3F9F5" authority="Williams &amp; Matsumoto, 2015" authorityName="Williams &amp; Matsumoto" authorityYear="2015" box="[245,418,1551,1570]" class="Anthozoa" family="Virgulariidae" genus="Stylatula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pennatulacea" pageId="2" pageNumber="259" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="diminutiva" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B941EA8CFFADFFDA2AE6241292E3F9F5" box="[245,418,1551,1570]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="259">Stylatula diminutiva</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27257F7FFADFFDA2BBA241292ACF9F5" box="[425,493,1551,1570]" pageId="2" pageNumber="259" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
A-B. Living colony. C. Wet preserved holotype (CAS 198016). D-F. Wet preserved paratype (CAS 203514). Scale bars = 2.5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF4A6616FFACFFDB2AA52150929AFC11" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12728940" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12728940" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12728940/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="260" startId="3.[182,194,845,864]" targetBox="[147,632,216,832]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="8B8A369EFFACFFDB2AA52150929AFC11" blockId="3.[150,625,844,966]" pageId="3" pageNumber="260">
<smallCapsWord id="8D6CA042FFACFFDB2AA5215093B2FC89" baselines="859,858" box="[182,243,845,864]" lowerCaseFontSize="6" mainFontSize="8" normCase="title" normString="Figure" pageId="3" pageNumber="260">FIGURE</smallCapsWord>
2.
<taxonomicName id="4C354D1DFFACFFDB2B1D215192FBFC88" authority="Williams &amp; Matsumoto, 2015" authorityName="Williams &amp; Matsumoto" authorityYear="2015" box="[270,442,844,863]" class="Anthozoa" family="Virgulariidae" genus="Stylatula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pennatulacea" pageId="3" pageNumber="260" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="diminutiva" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B941EA8CFFACFFDB2B1D215192FBFC88" box="[270,442,844,863]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="260">Stylatula diminutiva</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27257F7FFACFFDB2BAC21509143FCB7" box="[447,514,845,864]" pageId="3" pageNumber="260" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
SEM of surface of axis (CAS 203513), showing surface pores. A. Portion of axis; scale bar = 0.2 mm. B. Detail of axial surface; scale bar = 0.02 mm. C. Ultrastructural detail of axial surface; scale bar = 0.01 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B8A369EFFACFFDB28D32193973AFC6C" blockId="3.[672,1147,910,1057]" pageId="3" pageNumber="260">
<smallCapsWord id="8D6CA042FFACFFDB28D3219391BCFC77" baselines="924,924" box="[704,765,910,929]" lowerCaseFontSize="6" mainFontSize="8" normCase="title" normString="Figure" pageId="3" pageNumber="260">F IGURE</smallCapsWord>
3.
<taxonomicName id="4C354D1DFFACFFDB293021939095FC76" authority="Williams &amp; Matsumoto, 2015" authorityName="Williams &amp; Matsumoto" authorityYear="2015" box="[803,980,910,929]" class="Anthozoa" family="Virgulariidae" genus="Stylatula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pennatulacea" pageId="3" pageNumber="260" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="diminutiva" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B941EA8CFFACFFDB293021939095FC76" box="[803,980,910,929]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="260">Stylatula diminutiva</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27257F7FFACFFDB29CC21939769FC76" box="[991,1064,910,929]" pageId="3" pageNumber="260" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
SEM of internal morphology of the axis (CAS 203513). A.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8A369EFFACFFDB28B321DC9767FBF6" blockId="3.[672,1147,910,1057]" pageId="3" pageNumber="260">Transverse section of axis, 0.23 mm in diameter, showing elongated pores; scale bar = 0.02 mm; lightened rectangle is shown enlarged in B below. B. Internal structural detail of axis; scale bar = 0.01 mm.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8A369EFFACFFDB289D26259078FAA7" blockId="3.[654,1174,1080,1712]" pageId="3" pageNumber="260">adjacent pairs in the proximal region of the rachis, or are separated by &lt;2 mm of bare rachis in the middle portion of the rachis. The uppermost polyp leaf pairs on the distal part of the rachis are separated from adjacent pairs of polyp leaves by approximately 2 mm of bare rachis (Fig. 1C). In the largest polyp leaves of the upper rachis, there are 2–4 polyps comprising each leaf. The peduncle is approximately 7 mm in length (Fig 7E).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B8A369EFFACFFDB28AD276597D4F967" blockId="3.[654,1174,1080,1712]" pageId="3" pageNumber="260">The sclerites are predominantly threeflanged spindles and rods (0.04–0.85 mm in length). Each polyp leaf is subtended by a conspicuous V-shaped or fan-shaped polyp leaf armature of relatively large sclerites (Fig 1). The fan-shaped armature is narrowly V-shaped and gradually tapers proximally. The ends of each sclerite may be acute and pointed or truncated and blunt. Some sclerites are minutely toothed on a portion of the margins or on one terminal</paragraph>
<caption id="DF4A6616FFACFFDB2AA524539157F979" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12728942" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12728942" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12728942/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="260" startId="3.[182,194,1614,1633]" targetBox="[147,627,988,1599]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="8B8A369EFFACFFDB2AA524539157F979" blockId="3.[150,625,1614,1710]" pageId="3" pageNumber="260">
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4.
<taxonomicName id="4C354D1DFFACFFDB2B0A2453928BF9B6" authority="Williams &amp; Matsumoto, 2015" authorityName="Williams &amp; Matsumoto" authorityYear="2015" box="[281,458,1614,1633]" class="Anthozoa" family="Virgulariidae" genus="Stylatula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pennatulacea" pageId="3" pageNumber="260" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="diminutiva" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B941EA8CFFACFFDB2B0A2453928BF9B6" box="[281,458,1614,1633]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="260">Stylatula diminutiva</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27257F7FFACFFDB2BC52453915FF9B6" box="[470,542,1614,1633]" pageId="3" pageNumber="260" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
SEM of internal morphology of the axis (CAS 203514), showing radial arrangement of calcareous material. Transverse sections of axis; scale bars = 0.02 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF4A6616FFABFFDC2AAA21239299FC53" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12728944" ID-Zenodo-Dep="12728944" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/12728944/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="261" startId="4.[185,197,830,849]" targetBox="[149,637,216,817]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="8B8A369EFFABFFDC2AAA21239299FC53" blockId="4.[185,626,829,849]" lastBlockId="4.[152,627,855,900]" pageId="4" pageNumber="261">
<smallCapsWord id="8D6CA042FFABFFDC2AAA212393B4FC98" baselines="844,843" box="[185,245,830,849]" lowerCaseFontSize="6" mainFontSize="8" normCase="title" normString="Figure" pageId="4" pageNumber="261">FIGURE</smallCapsWord>
5.
<taxonomicName id="4C354D1DFFABFFDC2B1D212092F8FC87" authority="Williams &amp; Matsumoto, 2015" authorityName="Williams &amp; Matsumoto" authorityYear="2015" box="[270,441,829,848]" class="Anthozoa" family="Virgulariidae" genus="Stylatula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pennatulacea" pageId="4" pageNumber="261" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="diminutiva" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B941EA8CFFABFFDC2B1D212092F8FC87" box="[270,441,829,848]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="261">Stylatula diminutiva</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27257F7FFABFFDC2BAD21239141FC86" box="[446,512,830,849]" pageId="4" pageNumber="261" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
SEM of sclerites from region of the polyp leaf armature (Non-type CAS 203513); scale bars = 0.10 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF4A6616FFABFFDC28A421569097FC45" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11512386" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11512386" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11512386/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="261" startId="4.[695,707,843,862]" targetBox="[647,1140,216,824]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8B8A369EFFABFFDC28A421569097FC45" blockId="4.[663,1137,843,914]" pageId="4" pageNumber="261">
<smallCapsWord id="8D6CA042FFABFFDC28A4215691B5FC8A" baselines="857,857" box="[695,756,843,862]" lowerCaseFontSize="6" mainFontSize="8" normCase="title" normString="Figure" pageId="4" pageNumber="261">FIGURE</smallCapsWord>
6.
<taxonomicName id="4C354D1DFFABFFDC291E215690F9FC89" authority="Williams &amp; Matsumoto, 2015" authorityName="Williams &amp; Matsumoto" authorityYear="2015" box="[781,952,843,862]" class="Anthozoa" family="Virgulariidae" genus="Stylatula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pennatulacea" pageId="4" pageNumber="261" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="diminutiva" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B941EA8CFFABFFDC291E215690F9FC89" box="[781,952,843,862]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="261">Stylatula diminutiva</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27257F7FFABFFDC29AE215690BEFC89" box="[957,1023,843,862]" pageId="4" pageNumber="261" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
SEM of sclerites from region of the polyp leaf armature (Paratype CAS 203514); scale bars = 0.10 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C32F6515FFABFFDC2AB8261293A9FBB1" pageId="4" pageNumber="261" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B8A369EFFABFFDC2AB8261293A9FBB1" blockId="4.[123,1174,975,1255]" pageId="4" pageNumber="261">
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<emphasis id="B941EA8CFFABFFDC2AB826129274FBF2" bold="true" box="[171,309,1039,1063]" pageId="4" pageNumber="261">ETYMOLOGY</emphasis>
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.— The specific epithet is derived from the Late Latin,
<emphasis id="B941EA8CFFABFFDC29832612975BFBF0" box="[912,1050,1039,1063]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="261">deminutivum</emphasis>
(indicating small size); in reference to the miniature size of the colonies relative to those of other species in the genus.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32F6515FFABFFDC2AB8267290BFFB51" box="[171,1022,1135,1159]" pageId="4" pageNumber="261" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B8A369EFFABFFDC2AB8267290BFFB51" blockId="4.[123,1174,975,1255]" box="[171,1022,1135,1159]" pageId="4" pageNumber="261">
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<emphasis id="B941EA8CFFABFFDC2AB826729202FB52" bold="true" box="[171,323,1135,1159]" pageId="4" pageNumber="261">DISTRIBUTION</emphasis>
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.— Otsuchi Bay,
<collectingRegion id="49F1F87CFFABFFDC2BEE267291EEFB50" box="[509,687,1135,1159]" country="Japan" name="Iwate" pageId="4" pageNumber="261">Iwate Prefecture</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F322760EFFABFFDC28A8267291B9FB51" box="[699,760,1135,1158]" name="Japan" pageId="4" pageNumber="261">Japan</collectingCountry>
;
<quantity id="4CCD9B7BFFABFFDC291526729033FB51" box="[774,882,1135,1159]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.2" metricValueMax="12.0" metricValueMin="4.4" pageId="4" pageNumber="261" unit="m" value="82.0" valueMax="120.0" valueMin="44.0">44–120 m</quantity>
depth range.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C32F6515FFABFFDC2AB82692915AFB31" pageId="4" pageNumber="261" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B8A369EFFABFFDC2AB82692915AFB31" blockId="4.[123,1174,975,1255]" pageId="4" pageNumber="261">
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<emphasis id="B941EA8CFFABFFDC2AB826929261FB72" bold="true" box="[171,288,1167,1191]" pageId="4" pageNumber="261">VARIATION</emphasis>
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.— The polyp leaves that comprise a single pair can be arranged oppositely (as in the
<typeStatus id="548E883CFFABFFDC2AB226B293BFFB10" box="[161,254,1199,1223]" pageId="4" pageNumber="261" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
CAS 198016) or sub-alternately (as in CAS 203513). The four entire specimens examined ranged in length from
<quantity id="4CCD9B7BFFABFFDC2BB226D29156FB31" box="[417,535,1231,1255]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.8" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="3.6" pageId="4" pageNumber="261" unit="mm" value="48.0" valueMax="60.0" valueMin="36.0">36–60 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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