136 lines
12 KiB
XML
136 lines
12 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.245.3416" ID-PMC="PMC3577090" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-245-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FFFF52503A0AFF882450FFB66D45FF8E" ID-PubMed="23431087" ID-Zenodo-Dep="578462" ModsDocID="1313-2970-245-1" checkinTime="1425642919252" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Bousquet, Yves" docDate="2012" docId="AD31B3B7A8325C63B4B4750F3F35C449" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 245: 1-1722" docOrigin="ZooKeys 245" docPubDate="2012-11-28" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.245.3416" docTitle="Agonoderus (Anthracus) Motschulsky 1850" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" id="FFFF52503A0AFF882450FFB66D45FF8E" lastPageNumber="682" masterDocId="FFFF52503A0AFF882450FFB66D45FF8E" masterDocTitle="Catalogue of Geadephaga (Coleoptera, Adephaga) of America, north of Mexico" masterLastPageNumber="1722" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="682" updateTime="1668154792637" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Catalogue of Geadephaga (Coleoptera, Adephaga) of America, north of Mexico</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Bousquet, Yves</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Central Experimental Farm, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">bousquety1@yahoo.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2012</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2012-11-28</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>245</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>1722</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.245.3416</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.245.3416</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-245-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">FFFF52503A0AFF882450FFB66D45FF8E</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">578462</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182238200" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AD31B3B7A8325C63B4B4750F3F35C449" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/AD31B3B7A8325C63B4B4750F3F35C449" lastPageNumber="682" pageId="681" pageNumber="682">
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<subSubSection pageId="681" pageNumber="682" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="681" pageNumber="682">
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Subgenus
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<taxonomicName LSID="AD31B3B7-A832-5C63-B4B4-750F3F35C449" authority="Motschulsky, 1850" authorityName="Motschulsky" authorityYear="1850" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Agonoderus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="(Anthracus)" order="Coleoptera" pageId="681" pageNumber="682" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Anthracus">Anthracus Motschulsky, 1850</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="681" pageNumber="682" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="681" pageNumber="682">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Motschoulsky" authorityYear="1850" class="Hexapoda" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthracus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="681" pageNumber="682" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Anthracus</taxonomicName>
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Motschulsky, 1850a: 21. Type species:
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Duftschmid" authorityYear="1812" class="Hexapoda" family="Carabidae" genus="Carabus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="681" pageNumber="682" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="consputus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="681" pageNumber="682">Carabus consputus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Duftschmid, 1812 by original designation. Etymology. From the Greek
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="681" pageNumber="682">anthrax</emphasis>
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(coal), probably alluding to the color of adults of the sole species Motschulsky had before him [masculine].
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="681" pageNumber="682">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Balius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="681" pageNumber="682" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Balius</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Schiødte">Schiodte</normalizedToken>
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, 1861: 184 [junior homonym of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Balius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="681" pageNumber="682" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="681" pageNumber="682">Balius</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Guérin-Méneville">Guerin-Meneville</normalizedToken>
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, 1857]. Type species:
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Duftschmid" authorityYear="1812" class="Hexapoda" family="Carabidae" genus="Carabus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="681" pageNumber="682" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="consputus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="681" pageNumber="682">Carabus consputus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Duftschmid, 1812 by monotypy.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="681" pageNumber="682" type="diversity">
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<paragraph pageId="681" pageNumber="682">Diversity.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="681" pageNumber="682">Thirty-two species in the Nearctic (two western species), Australian (five species), Oriental (five species), Palaearctic (15 species), and Afrotropical (eight species) Regions.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="681" pageNumber="682" type="identification">
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<paragraph pageId="681" pageNumber="682">Identification.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="681" pageNumber="682">The two North American species have never been compared and the specific independence of the two not tested.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="681" pageNumber="682" type="taxonomic note">
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<paragraph pageId="681" pageNumber="682">Taxonomic Note.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="681" pageNumber="682">
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This taxon is considered a distinct genus by several authors, including Jaeger and Kataev (2003: 399). However, the main character state separating members of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Motschoulsky" authorityYear="1850" class="Hexapoda" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthracus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="681" pageNumber="682" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="681" pageNumber="682">Anthracus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from those of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1829" class="Hexapoda" family="Carabidae" genus="Acupalpus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="681" pageNumber="682" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="681" pageNumber="682">Acupalpus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is the shape of the pronotum which is cordiform with the sides sinuate in basal half and the posterior angles well distinct, right (see Jeannel 1948a: 714; Basilewsky 1951: 232; Habu 1973a: 301-302). However this character is not constant. Antoine (1959: 453) reported that adults of
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<taxonomicName authority="cantabricus" class="Hexapoda" family="Carabidae" genus="Acupalpus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="681" pageNumber="682" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="cantabricus" subGenus="Acupalpus" subSpecies="cantabricus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="681" pageNumber="682">Acupalpus (Acupalpus) cantabricus cantabricus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Piochard de la
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Brûlerie">Brulerie</normalizedToken>
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in Morocco have the sides of the pronotum arcuate and the posterior angles rounded while those of
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<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Carabidae" genus="Acupalpus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="681" pageNumber="682" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="cantabricus" subSpecies="zaerensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="681" pageNumber="682">Acupalpus cantabricus zaerensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Antoine (these two taxa are now considered separate species) have the sides sinuate and the posterior angles right and that some specimens greatly resemble adults of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Motschoulsky" authorityYear="1850" class="Hexapoda" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthracus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="681" pageNumber="682" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="681" pageNumber="682">Anthracus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Basilewsky (1951: 237) separated
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<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Carabidae" genus="Acupalpus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="681" pageNumber="682" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angulatus" subGenus="Acupalpus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="681" pageNumber="682">Acupalpus (Acupalpus) angulatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Jeannel from most other species in his key to Afrotropical
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1829" class="Hexapoda" family="Carabidae" genus="Acupalpus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="681" pageNumber="682" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="681" pageNumber="682">Acupalpus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by the clearly sinuate sides of pronotum with the posterior angles markedly acute. Other character states usually reported, such as the mandibles and antennae relatively longer, the prosternum with small setae, and the median line of the pronotum deeper, more or less sulciform in
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Motschoulsky" authorityYear="1850" class="Hexapoda" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthracus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="681" pageNumber="682" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="681" pageNumber="682">Anthracus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are also variable and not at all diagnostic of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Motschoulsky" authorityYear="1850" class="Hexapoda" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthracus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="681" pageNumber="682" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="681" pageNumber="682">Anthracus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Until the relationships between members of the acupalpine complex are better known, I prefer to follow Ball (1960b: 147), Lindroth (1968: 925), Noonan (1976: 24), and Ball and Bousquet (2000: 94) and treat
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Motschoulsky" authorityYear="1850" class="Hexapoda" family="Carabidae" genus="Anthracus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="681" pageNumber="682" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="681" pageNumber="682">Anthracus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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as a subgenus of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1829" class="Hexapoda" family="Carabidae" genus="Acupalpus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="681" pageNumber="682" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="681" pageNumber="682">Acupalpus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |