179 lines
16 KiB
XML
179 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document ID-CLB-Dataset="23559" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.142.48365" ID-GBIF-Dataset="447d0c45-35c7-4aaa-b3b3-acbf7069da06" ID-PMC="PMC7082394" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-142-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="7B3A5CC9B82952B6B3E20C46E12DB4F1" ID-PubMed="32210671" ModsDocID="1314-2003-142-1" checkinTime="1584104974826" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Klopper, Ronell R., Crouch, Neil R., Smith, Gideon F. & van Wyk, Abraham E." docDate="2020" docId="A2B17A1410E1539B9A2BE3F5104AF1CD" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 142: 1-88" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 142" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.142.48365" docTitle="Aloe kraussii Baker 1880" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="7B3A5CC9B82952B6B3E20C46E12DB4F1" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="7B3A5CC9B82952B6B3E20C46E12DB4F1" masterDocTitle="A synoptic review of the aloes (Asphodelaceae, Alooideae) of KwaZulu-Natal, an ecologically diverse province in eastern South Africa" masterLastPageNumber="88" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1732650654357" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="3CFB8FF6880ACBF3659D86E5A35CED53">A synoptic review of the aloes (Asphodelaceae, Alooideae) of KwaZulu-Natal, an ecologically diverse province in eastern South Africa</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="BD287F66D2FF569E9BE81E97E3B745B5">Klopper, Ronell R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="D3D199A1533D8CBF2E5AD674497C0DAB">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="2BEDAE1200AE9C7F5CECF4B88C6FF215">Crouch, Neil R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="55AB1A0E63EDB1A2703FD5EF68272247">Smith, Gideon F.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="0F977B24E8977BEC522745B412CF02D6" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="BC37D0F0A31E9D29F8A19DC2CA8E7A34">van Wyk, Abraham E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="C213E98336B0D7DD92C48DD97F36EE2D">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="63CFD2418EBFAE10D6948E2E0587B0B5">PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="C28690FD852867EB233D9C73BCE1F150">
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<mods:date id="1B3E41F437CD1B4F2E13888AF372112B">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="80959176A4F83472F6656F41517B0CD1" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="A51412F304EE58EC5FFCD835BB504775">142</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="B4FCCDCF529E80D6DF96DEBA8CD4CC5E">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="9175CB1987096894FEBFFE3372E5AE99">88</mods:end>
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<mods:location id="840A21CD61FA1EACECB2D5748DB4DBDA">
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<mods:url id="4C795FE1A8BE2A543A6638CB28EF46BB">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.142.48365</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification id="03BB63D32CFAB06FE6BEA00B553392E7">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="FB546F1EEA579862242DF3BE03A7FD23" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.142.48365</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="0C0AECE2FDE4FC5EB82172B0AA2C90DD" type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-142-1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="A2B17A1410E1539B9A2BE3F5104AF1CD" ID-GBIF-Taxon="162487020" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A2B17A1410E1539B9A2BE3F5104AF1CD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A2B17A1410E1539B9A2BE3F5104AF1CD" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" scope_family="Asphodelaceae">
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<subSubSection id="2D99B6632D35B6D32A5785B90185A07C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="34B4AC693748F9C42063A11444A69B0E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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E
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<taxonomicName id="41185525BC535118857BB902C981BF26" ID-CoL="C3RS" LSID="A2B17A14-10E1-539B-9A2B-E3F5104AF1CD" authority="Baker" authorityName="Baker" authorityYear="1880" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe kraussii" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kraussii">Aloe kraussii Baker</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F68206D5B8F1DA9F5969E0608F395785" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="common names">
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<paragraph id="514C9337F785FB78F5522EC1DFE37A89" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Common names.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4FF726BA2A9AFC3C56D2EC16FF910DF9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Broad-leaved yellow grass aloe (English); isipukutwane, isiputumane (Zulu).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="E35D9F4C9F822F182EC02D30E4F2EC39" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph id="D802D148545099D849B5B22B50D969E1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="47E936296706F85F0BEDBE748BDA97E4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Grass aloe. Acaulescent plants or
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<emphasis id="FECAB5BF2254E9C8680CAA79C220688C" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">stem</emphasis>
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very short, dried leaves not persistent; rosettes solitary or suckering to form small groups.
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<emphasis id="A665B320DC35B7565F413169DF917896" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Leaves</emphasis>
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distichous or sub-distichous, becoming rosulate in old plants, deciduous, erectly spreading, dull green, usually without spots, lower surface sometimes with few white spots near base, broadly linear-acuminate,
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<normalizedToken id="F02E57EDE646C4B3B1672B36B4D739B8" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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30-40 cm long, 3.5-5.0 cm wide; margin extremely narrow, white, cartilaginous, with minute white teeth; exudate clear.
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<emphasis id="6E9C9ABB0A77C3745A6832A44A793081" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Inflorescence</emphasis>
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0.35-0.40 m high, erect, simple.
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<emphasis id="C2DBF411650DF8E548E11651D2501C01" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Raceme</emphasis>
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capitate, somewhat corymbose,
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<normalizedToken id="F1DCB6A41C79053FC9773EC8BA402EEB" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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3 cm long,
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<normalizedToken id="23B7A07B290387B3534BE58765649AD6" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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10 cm wide, dense.
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<emphasis id="7B42BF0E838D38D54653BDEB27CEB4FC" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Floral bracts</emphasis>
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up to 15 mm long, 5 mm wide.
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<emphasis id="21D371934827C4EC45149DA2B2FADD3D" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pedicels</emphasis>
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up to 35 mm long.
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<emphasis id="2CD1AD503E6C8BCF5BF33F6055426DE0" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Flowers</emphasis>
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:
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<emphasis id="BF396AFF66C6DD195861BC53209AB16A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">perianth</emphasis>
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lemon-yellow to yellow, green-tipped, 16-18 mm long,
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<normalizedToken id="31B91A4C839B800E8CA6A59460FEDE12" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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6 mm across ovary, narrowing towards slightly upturned mouth, base tapering into pedicel, straight, cylindrical; outer segments free almost to base;
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<emphasis id="8EC34F9DF18A92080830800E31BD1CCC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">stamens</emphasis>
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exserted to 3 mm;
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<emphasis id="C05F97E227C749C67607FA114C96DD9D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">style</emphasis>
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exserted to 5 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="EEBB91F06D0964186731B52B49F0779F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="flowering time">
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<paragraph id="5BB862A55E30B60E5CB8B852F295E1FA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Flowering time.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="5BB1DC28E7C69521E8627E292CDCCC52" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">November-February.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="39C0B48AC4C0E1C1C5CBBC3C59E01FF8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="habitat">
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<paragraph id="23BD310B872F887930727E2C4B073CF4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Habitat.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="030293EA2CC5EC0669D8A63FDCDCE1F6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Damp places in sandy soil or on stony slopes of grassy hillsides in the mistbelt of the KwaZulu-Natal midlands.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0529BBC9E927CE15E525DA1B305CC584" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph id="FE4F6D104077979A17DA3F8FB039A5D6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnostic characters.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="BC9BAEDCC49A54D4818932C18BB6FC47" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="9FD2DCBE21601CD0DD0AA1FB7DFADD5C" authorityName="Baker" authorityYear="1880" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe kraussii" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kraussii">
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<emphasis id="DB0C7E5FC80E548016B04C2415209051" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aloe kraussii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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can be distinguished from other grass aloes in KwaZulu-Natal with unkeeled leaves that are wider than 3.5 cm (
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<taxonomicName id="FF5123DB8CCEDC5E53B035BB3C1587DF" authorityName="Baker" authorityYear="1892" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe boylei" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="boylei">
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<emphasis id="BC5105DC23CE2CED13BFE92E78FD6727" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aloe boylei</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="BDCD6AE420C7B9D72F6D91219124F3A2" authorityName="Salm-Dyck" authorityYear="1849" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe ecklonis" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ecklonis">
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<emphasis id="1315A79A2A18E6569E766269B535180F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aloe ecklonis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="2C72B3E784EC4848EFE91AC36026B259" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe hlangapies" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hlangapies">
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<emphasis id="89A9444F245D0E074D9D5479EDDB1563" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aloe hlangapies</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="ACEF1193DD7DD19EDDC8780026146E5E" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe neilcrouchii" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="neilcrouchii">
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<emphasis id="FBA9FF43157FD339B6B28A55678A8889" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aloe neilcrouchii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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), by the rosettes of erectly spreading, distichous or sub-distichous leaves (
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<normalizedToken id="B56A81BEADD273EE8DCF32CD00738035" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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30-40
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<normalizedToken id="F48C409F7122E8B22F283D73A298A43F" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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3.5-5.0 cm), that sometimes have a few white spots near the base on the lower surface. It is further characterised by the unbranched inflorescences (0.35-0.40 m high) that have dense, capitate and somewhat corymbose racemes (
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<normalizedToken id="F44AEF8AB68F555F429E5EEBE3856EBB" originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
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3 cm long) with small (16-18 mm long), yellow, rather straight flowers.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="3241B26F84E5A9BC6C4E5901B194353C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="conservation status">
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<paragraph id="F3FBC49826ABE491B342E5F978542D3E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Conservation status.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="841482AA59C417125AD0288143BEFAFF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Endangered. Threats include habitat loss and degradation owing to silviculture, agiculture (mainly sugarcane) and urban expansion, as well as alien invasives (L. von Staden pers. comm.). It is one of the rarer of the grass aloes owing to habitat loss (
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<bibRefCitation id="246398E35B16392CFAB9080B73706769" author="Craib, C" journalOrPublisher="12 part 3. Royal Botanic Garden, Kew, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B8" refString="Craib, C, 2005. Grass Aloes of the South African Veld. Umdaus Press, Hatfield, Pretoria." title="Grass Aloes of the South African Veld. Umdaus Press, Hatfield, Pretoria." year="2005">Craib 2005</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="E96C77943A8A89A3D5836046D133C9DA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="B4D80DFBA0E71F8A3DD1978BA42A9F3D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9D2F646CAC532C71B80B384945E7E26E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Confined to the coastal areas of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, where it is still fairly common (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="9987D2638D064E5819393996AA180DBF" captionStart="Figure 19" captionStartId="F19" captionText="Figure 19. Aloe kraussii. Photo: G. Nichols." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.142.48365.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/388245" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">19</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="9E39C6586C134BEB5E40306CEDC01CA8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="notes">
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<paragraph id="35D23675CE38B89378C7984BEF29FBE7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Notes.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="07C7DA7B1530496AD98DBF302408959F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="A60DA75DDADBA42580B554F9FDDFD624" authorityName="Baker" authorityYear="1880" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe kraussii" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kraussii">
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<emphasis id="ACB24081F9F5171A11E8A62A5F7A0E3A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aloe kraussii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is considered by some to be a low-altitude form of
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<taxonomicName id="0EE37C5A630A372227B24465F5B40846" authorityName="Salm-Dyck" authorityYear="1849" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe ecklonis" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ecklonis">
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<emphasis id="8FE248392170402D6A8649F319AB743E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aloe ecklonis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Salm-Dyck (
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<bibRefCitation id="1ECB38778045649392A61F2600884AAE" author="Carter, S" journalOrPublisher="12 part 3. Royal Botanic Garden, Kew, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B6" refString="Carter, S, Lavranos, JJ, Newton, LE, Walker, CC, 2011. Aloes: the Definitive Guide. Kew Publishing, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew / British Cactus & Succulent Society." title="Aloes: the Definitive Guide. Kew Publishing, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew / British Cactus & Succulent Society." year="2011">Carter et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="40B79B5A184588CB38AFC6ADB4F62DB7" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.142.48365.figure19" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/388245" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 19" startId="F19">
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<paragraph id="C88FDD3B7BA84E9FEA0AB4D7F61732D2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis id="439711A13DDD9EE05C04DE7AB06147A6" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 19.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="96FE0A3427A9A9E79EF6D5DCFCC2349B" authorityName="Baker" authorityYear="1880" class="Liliopsida" family="Asphodelaceae" genus="Aloe" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aloe kraussii" order="Asparagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kraussii">
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<emphasis id="12D03AF5F9585B0015D00277C1B015F6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Aloe kraussii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Photo: G. Nichols.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |