283 lines
32 KiB
XML
283 lines
32 KiB
XML
<document id="6515931A9E0A5D16BAD056B3C2DC72BF" ID-CLB-Dataset="55630" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5134.1.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a13639ac-223e-4ffe-9cae-007a1b397482" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6531298" ID-ZooBank="4B68EA16-6738-431E-BFFF-4CF9FB4FBB41" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1652087317317" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Duelli, Peter & Henry, Charles S." docDate="2022" docId="0388BB4B671AE06CB39DFF6CFC0309EA" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5134.1.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5134 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Apertochrysa aspersa" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="86" masterDocId="FFB1C3336703E075B30AFFFAFFEF0F57" masterDocTitle="The Apertochrysa prasina group (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae), with a key to the European species" masterLastPageNumber="91" masterPageNumber="61" pageNumber="86" updateTime="1699330029926" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="2595666190EF06ECB3697649A48F60D2">The Apertochrysa prasina group (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae), with a key to the European species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="25C1FCA1E444F77158D47B1F639221E1">Duelli, Peter</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="9B50194B86A10F0CC45DB247B3E91FE9" type="ORCID">0000-0001-8862-8262</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="87B09048242DF295A680A30FA4F6A7F8">Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, Zu ̈ rcherstrasse 111, CH- 8903 Birmensdorf ZH, Switzerland. peter. duelli @ wsl. ch; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 8862 - 8262</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="276B49AAE2A8E8521670540C1B6508BE" type="email">peter.duelli@wsl.ch</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="B477663606DBE17C6CFFEEF88CD59D00">Henry, Charles S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="47ADE73CE35188E11B9CC823F358ED5C" type="ORCID">0000-0001-7297-9703</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="27655D37D4DE29CD08C4EDEB67ED94BA">Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Connecticut, Unit 3043, 75 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, CT 06269 - 3043, USA. charles. henry @ uconn. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7297 - 9703</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="81E0924B9C92764AF240184A35BD4D7F" type="email">charles.henry@uconn.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="57B5EEDFDB61A7298A3D108283C29C01">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="BFFCA71E0B652E1BC02577E636C3A27B">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="4247D08D85EC154682D5D00E8404881F">2022-05-09</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="86B1231CDCAEF27CF64D64226190C4C8">5134</mods:number>
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<treatment id="0388BB4B671AE06CB39DFF6CFC0309EA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6533043" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195277856" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6533043" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0388BB4B671AE06CB39DFF6CFC0309EA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0388BB4B671AE06CB39DFF6CFC0309EA" lastPageNumber="86" pageId="25" pageNumber="86">
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<subSubSection id="C33B59D6671AE06CB39DFF6CFD580FE7" box="[151,695,150,177]" pageId="25" pageNumber="86" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B9E0A5D671AE06CB39DFF6CFD580FE7" blockId="25.[151,895,150,249]" box="[151,695,150,177]" pageId="25" pageNumber="86">
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<heading id="D0D6BD31671AE06CB39DFF6CFD580FE7" bold="true" box="[151,695,150,177]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="25" pageNumber="86" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B955D64F671AE06CB39DFF6CFD580FE7" bold="true" box="[151,695,150,177]" pageId="25" pageNumber="86">
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Ap2:
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<taxonomicName id="4C2171DE671AE06CB3D2FF6CFD730FE7" authority="(Wesmael, 1841)" baseAuthorityName="Wesmael" baseAuthorityYear="1841" box="[216,668,150,177]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Apertochrysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aspersa">
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<emphasis id="B955D64F671AE06CB3D2FF6CFE3F0FE6" bold="true" box="[216,464,150,177]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="86">Apertochrysa aspersa</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB077AC671AE06CB2D5FF6CFD7B0FE7" author="Wesmael, C." box="[479,660,150,176]" pageId="25" pageNumber="86" pagination="411 - 413" refId="ref20463" refString="Wesmael, C. (1841) Notice sur les Hemerobides de Belgique. Bulletins de l'Academie Royale des Sciences et Belles - Lettres de Bruxelles, 51, 411 - 413." type="journal article" year="1841">Wesmael, 1841</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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||
??
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33B59D6671AE06CB39DFF40FC900FAE" pageId="25" pageNumber="86" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8B9E0A5D671AE06CB39DFF40FCFE0F83" blockId="25.[151,895,150,249]" box="[151,785,186,212]" pageId="25" pageNumber="86">
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<taxonomicName id="4C2171DE671AE06CB39DFF40FDC30F83" ID-CoL="5Z27W" authority="(Wesmael, 1841)" baseAuthorityName="Wesmael" baseAuthorityYear="1841" box="[151,556,186,212]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Chrysopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aspersa">
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<emphasis id="B955D64F671AE06CB39DFF40FE8D0F83" box="[151,354,186,212]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="86">Chrysopa aspersa</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB077AC671AE06CB27BFF40FDCC0F83" author="Wesmael, C." box="[369,547,186,212]" pageId="25" pageNumber="86" pagination="411 - 413" refId="ref20463" refString="Wesmael, C. (1841) Notice sur les Hemerobides de Belgique. Bulletins de l'Academie Royale des Sciences et Belles - Lettres de Bruxelles, 51, 411 - 413." type="journal article" year="1841">Wesmael, 1841</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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: original description
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9E0A5D671AE06CB39DFF24FC900FAE" blockId="25.[151,895,150,249]" box="[151,895,222,249]" pageId="25" pageNumber="86">
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Synonymized with
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<taxonomicName id="4C2171DE671AE06CB27BFF25FD400FAF" ID-CoL="5YPJT" authority="Burmeister, 1839" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1839" box="[369,687,222,249]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Chrysopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="prasina">
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<emphasis id="B955D64F671AE06CB27BFF25FE070FAF" box="[369,488,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="86">C. prasina</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB077AC671AE06CB2E4FF24FD400FAF" author="Burmeister, H. C. C." box="[494,687,222,248]" pageId="25" pageNumber="86" pagination="757 - 1050" refId="ref18271" refString="Burmeister, H. C. C. (1839) s. n. In: Handbuch der Entomologie. Zweiter Band. Besondere Entomologie. Zweite Abteilung. Kaukerfe. Gymnognatha. Zweite Ha ¨ lfte. Vulgo Neuroptera. T. C. F. Enslin, Berlin, pp. 757 - 1050." type="book chapter" year="1839">Burmeister, 1839</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB077AC671AE06CB1D3FF25FC950FAE" author="Brauer, F." box="[729,890,222,249]" pageId="25" pageNumber="86" pagination="703 - 708" refId="ref18110" refString="Brauer, F. (1856) Ru ¨ ckblick auf die im Jahre 1850 beschriebenen o ¨ sterreichischen Arten der Gattung Chrysopa Leach nebst Beschreibung der Ch. tricolor n. sp.. Verhandlungen der Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 6, 703 - 708." type="journal article" year="1856">Brauer (1856)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C33B59D6671AE06CB39DFEDCFC0309EA" pageId="25" pageNumber="86" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8B9E0A5D671AE06CB39DFEDCFAD60DA6" blockId="25.[151,1437,294,1725]" pageId="25" pageNumber="86">
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The
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<typeStatus id="549AB4FF671AE06CB3C1FEDDFF140E16" box="[203,251,295,321]" pageId="25" pageNumber="86">type</typeStatus>
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||
specimen of
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<taxonomicName id="4C2171DE671AE06CB29DFEDCFD8C0E17" baseAuthorityName="Wesmael" baseAuthorityYear="1841" box="[407,611,294,320]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Chrysopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aspersa">
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<emphasis id="B955D64F671AE06CB29DFEDCFD8C0E17" box="[407,611,294,320]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="86">Chrysopa aspersa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is deposited in the Institut Royale des Sciences Naturelles de Belgiques (ISNB). It has a white label “
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<taxonomicName id="4C2171DE671AE06CB2EAFEB0FDA30E32" baseAuthorityName="Wesmael" baseAuthorityYear="1841" box="[480,588,330,357]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Chrysopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aspersa">c. aspersa</taxonomicName>
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(mihi)”, and two pink labels “
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<typeStatus id="549AB4FF671AE06CB0ABFEB0FC030E33" box="[929,1004,330,356]" pageId="25" pageNumber="86">TYPE</typeStatus>
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” and a note: “
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<taxonomicName id="4C2171DE671AE06CB786FEB0FAB80E33" baseAuthorityName="Wesmael" baseAuthorityYear="1841" box="[1164,1367,330,356]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Chrysopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aspersa">
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<emphasis id="B955D64F671AE06CB786FEB0FAB80E33" box="[1164,1367,330,356]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="86">Chrysopa aspersa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<typeStatus id="549AB4FF671AE06CB66FFEB1FA720E32" box="[1381,1437,331,357]" pageId="25" pageNumber="86">Type</typeStatus>
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présumé, retrouvé in coll. Sélys - 1965, G. Demoulin”. The pink label “
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<typeStatus id="549AB4FF671AE06CB0CFFE94FBFF0EDF" box="[965,1040,366,392]" pageId="25" pageNumber="86">TYPE</typeStatus>
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” has the same color as the note by Demoulin, so most probably it was not a
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<typeStatus id="549AB4FF671AE06CB161FE69FD740EFA" box="[619,667,403,429]" pageId="25" pageNumber="86">type</typeStatus>
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label by Wesmael himself. It is a female with a wing length of only
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<quantity id="4CD9A7B8671AE06CB39DFE4CFF050E86" box="[151,234,438,465]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="25" pageNumber="86" unit="mm" value="12.0">12 mm</quantity>
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, which makes clear that it cannot be
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<taxonomicName id="4C2171DE671AE06CB193FE4DFCFF0E87" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1839" box="[665,784,439,465]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Chrysopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" sensu="stricto" species="prasina">
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<emphasis id="B955D64F671AE06CB193FE4DFCFF0E87" box="[665,784,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="86">A. prasina</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2666B34671AE06CB013FE4DFCD30E87" box="[793,828,439,465]" pageId="25" pageNumber="86" sensu="stricto">s.s.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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(with a female wing length of
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<quantity id="4CD9A7B8671AE06CB7AFFE4CFAA30E86" box="[1189,1356,438,465]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" metricValueMax="1.75" metricValueMin="1.55" pageId="25" pageNumber="86" unit="mm" value="16.5" valueMax="17.5" valueMin="15.5">15.5–17.5 mm</quantity>
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) under which it was synonymized by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB077AC671AE06CB2E0FE21FD650EA2" author="Brauer, F." box="[490,650,474,501]" pageId="25" pageNumber="86" pagination="703 - 708" refId="ref18110" refString="Brauer, F. (1856) Ru ¨ ckblick auf die im Jahre 1850 beschriebenen o ¨ sterreichischen Arten der Gattung Chrysopa Leach nebst Beschreibung der Ch. tricolor n. sp.. Verhandlungen der Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 6, 703 - 708." type="journal article" year="1856">Brauer (1856)</bibRefCitation>
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||
. However, the
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<typeStatus id="549AB4FF671AE06CB03BFE21FC8E0EA2" box="[817,865,475,501]" pageId="25" pageNumber="86">type</typeStatus>
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specimen apparently chosen as
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<typeStatus id="549AB4FF671AE06CB7C2FE21FB170EA2" box="[1224,1272,475,501]" pageId="25" pageNumber="86">type</typeStatus>
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by Desmoulin does not really agree with Wesmael’s original description in 1841: wing length 6.5-8.5 li. There had been different measures for designating “linea (li)” at that time, but none would go as low as
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<quantity id="4CD9A7B8671AE06CB708FDD8FBBF0D6A" box="[1026,1104,546,573]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="25" pageNumber="86" unit="mm" value="12.0">12 mm</quantity>
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for 6.5 “linea”. If we take the size of the French or Rhinelandic measure (1 li =
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<quantity id="4CD9A7B8671AE06CB1C6FDBCFCDE0D36" box="[716,817,582,609]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.26" pageId="25" pageNumber="86" unit="mm" value="2.26">2.26 mm</quantity>
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or
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<quantity id="4CD9A7B8671AE06CB052FDBCFC2E0D36" box="[856,961,582,609]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.18" pageId="25" pageNumber="86" unit="mm" value="2.18">2.18 mm</quantity>
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), the range of wing lengths in the original description would be
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<quantity id="4CD9A7B8671AE06CB284FD90FDDC0DD2" box="[398,563,618,645]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6949999999999998" metricValueMax="1.92" metricValueMin="1.47" pageId="25" pageNumber="86" unit="mm" value="16.95" valueMax="19.2" valueMin="14.7">14.7–19.2 mm</quantity>
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or
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<quantity id="4CD9A7B8671AE06CB151FD90FCED0DD2" box="[603,770,618,645]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.625" metricValueMax="1.83" metricValueMin="1.42" pageId="25" pageNumber="86" unit="mm" value="16.25" valueMax="18.3" valueMin="14.2">14.2–18.3 mm</quantity>
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, which are both far too large for the
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<typeStatus id="549AB4FF671AE06CB7A0FD91FB350DD2" box="[1194,1242,619,645]" pageId="25" pageNumber="86">type</typeStatus>
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specimen with a wing length of only
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<quantity id="4CD9A7B8671AE06CB276FD74FE200DFE" box="[380,463,654,681]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="25" pageNumber="86" unit="mm" value="12.0">12 mm</quantity>
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. The smallest “linea” at that time was the Spanish linea (
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<quantity id="4CD9A7B8671AE06CB75AFD74FB440DFE" box="[1104,1195,654,681]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="25" pageNumber="86" unit="mm" value="1.9">1.9 mm</quantity>
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), which would give a range of
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<quantity id="4CD9A7B8671AE06CB3F1FD48FE720D9A" box="[251,413,690,717]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.425" metricValueMax="1.6199999999999999" metricValueMin="1.23" pageId="25" pageNumber="86" unit="mm" value="14.25" valueMax="16.2" valueMin="12.3">12.3–16.2 mm</quantity>
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for the original description, almost matching the range of the prasinoid specimens found in the tray.
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<collectingCountry id="F3364ACD671AE06CB3F2FD2CFEB70DA7" box="[248,344,726,752]" name="Belgium" pageId="25" pageNumber="86">Belgium</collectingCountry>
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once was “Spanish
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<collectingCountry id="F3364ACD671AE06CB130FD2CFD750DA7" box="[570,666,726,752]" name="Netherlands" pageId="25" pageNumber="86">Holland</collectingCountry>
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,” so Wesmael might indeed have used the Spanish measure.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9E0A5D671AE06CB3CDFD01FE900B0F" blockId="25.[151,1437,294,1725]" pageId="25" pageNumber="86">
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In the tray with the
|
||
<typeStatus id="549AB4FF671AE06CB2A0FD01FE350C42" box="[426,474,763,789]" pageId="25" pageNumber="86">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimen at the museum in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E5C4BF671AE06CB028FD00FC6B0C43" box="[802,900,762,788]" country="Belgium" name="Region de Bruxelles-Capitale" pageId="25" pageNumber="86">Brussels</collectingRegion>
|
||
, we identified three prasinoid species collected around
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E5C4BF671AE06CB3E6FCE4FEA10C6F" box="[236,334,798,824]" country="Belgium" name="Region de Bruxelles-Capitale" pageId="25" pageNumber="86">Brussels</collectingRegion>
|
||
, all labelled as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2171DE671AE06CB2F6FCE5FD9C0C6F" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1839" box="[508,627,799,825]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Chrysopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="prasina">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955D64F671AE06CB2F6FCE5FD9C0C6F" box="[508,627,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="86">C. prasina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2171DE671AE06CB193FCE5FCFE0C6F" baseAuthorityName="Wesmael" baseAuthorityYear="1841" box="[665,785,799,825]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Chrysopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aspersa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955D64F671AE06CB193FCE5FCFE0C6F" box="[665,785,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="86">C. aspersa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D27C1D4671AE06CB02BFCE4FC410C6F" box="[801,942,798,824]" pageId="25" pageNumber="86" type="female">four females</specimenCount>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D27C1D4671AE06CB0EFFCE4FB890C6F" box="[997,1126,798,824]" pageId="25" pageNumber="86" type="male">three males</specimenCount>
|
||
of
|
||
<emphasis id="B955D64F671AE06CB786FCE5FACA0C6F" box="[1164,1317,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="86">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2171DE671AE06CB786FCE5FAED0C6F" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1839" box="[1164,1282,799,825]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Chrysopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" sensu="stricto" species="prasina">A. prasina</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2666B34671AE06CB603FCE5FACA0C6F" box="[1289,1317,799,824]" pageId="25" pageNumber="86" sensu="stricto">s.s</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, had wing lengths larger than the range characteristic of the other prasinoid species, while
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D27C1D4671AE06CB73BFCB8FB410C0B" box="[1073,1198,834,861]" pageId="25" pageNumber="86" type="female">25 females</specimenCount>
|
||
had wing lengths of less than
|
||
<quantity id="4CD9A7B8671AE06CB20AFC9CFE8B0CD6" box="[256,356,870,897]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" pageId="25" pageNumber="86" unit="mm" value="15.5">15.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
and thus were either Ap2 or Ap3. We assume that the Mediterranean Ap1 does not occur around
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E5C4BF671AE06CB39DFC70FF160CF3" box="[151,249,906,932]" country="Belgium" name="Region de Bruxelles-Capitale" pageId="25" pageNumber="86">Brussels</collectingRegion>
|
||
. Three non-furwing males (certainly Ap3) with im cells> 15% dark and multiple dark portions were identified, as well as four Ap
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D27C1D4671AE06CB2D0FC54FDC00C9F" box="[474,559,942,968]" pageId="25" pageNumber="86" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
|
||
with furwings and im cells <15% dark, in mostly one portion (certainly Ap2). The designated female
|
||
<typeStatus id="549AB4FF671AE06CB296FC29FE230CBA" box="[412,460,979,1005]" pageId="25" pageNumber="86">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2171DE671AE06CB2F8FC29FD850CBB" baseAuthorityName="Wesmael" baseAuthorityYear="1841" box="[498,618,979,1005]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Chrysopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aspersa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955D64F671AE06CB2F8FC29FD850CBB" box="[498,618,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="86">C. aspersa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, with
|
||
<quantity id="4CD9A7B8671AE06CB1BBFC28FCEF0CBA" box="[689,768,978,1005]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="25" pageNumber="86" unit="mm" value="12.0">12 mm</quantity>
|
||
wing length, can only be Ap2, because none of the females of Ap3 encountered in this study had a wing length of less than
|
||
<quantity id="4CD9A7B8671AE06CB069FC0CFC250B46" box="[867,970,1014,1041]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" pageId="25" pageNumber="86" unit="mm" value="12.5">12.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
. None of the specimens in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="49E5C4BF671AE06CB7F0FC0CFAB60B47" box="[1274,1369,1014,1040]" country="Belgium" name="Region de Bruxelles-Capitale" pageId="25" pageNumber="86">Brussels</collectingRegion>
|
||
had a red suture, which in the case of small males with furwings (certainly Ap2) must be interpreted as a color loss due to long preservation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B9E0A5D671AE06CB3CDFB98FC0309EA" blockId="25.[151,1437,294,1725]" pageId="25" pageNumber="86">
|
||
Quite obviously, Wesmael had written the original description for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2171DE671AE06CB0B1FB98FB5E0B2B" baseAuthorityName="Wesmael" baseAuthorityYear="1841" box="[955,1201,1122,1148]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Apertochrysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aspersa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955D64F671AE06CB0B1FB98FB5E0B2B" box="[955,1201,1122,1148]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="86">Apertochrysa aspersa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on a series of specimens belonging to three different species. From the range of sizes given in the original description it is not clear which of the specimens from the collection of Edm. de Sélys-Longchamps that Wesmael considered to be the type specimen. Demoulin in 1965 selected a type specimen, unfortunately a female, and the smallest of them all, which was smaller than the size range given in the original description by Wesmael. A
|
||
<typeStatus id="549AB4FF671AE06CB750FB08FB2E0A5B" box="[1114,1217,1266,1292]" pageId="25" pageNumber="86" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||
has to be chosen, if possible, from the original set of described specimens. To save the name
|
||
<emphasis id="B955D64F671AE06CB0C8FAEDFBAF0A67" box="[962,1088,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="86">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2171DE671AE06CB0C8FAEDFBD30A67" baseAuthorityName="Wesmael" baseAuthorityYear="1841" box="[962,1084,1303,1329]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Apertochrysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aspersa">C. aspersa</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and still recognize Demoulin’s choice, it should be an Ap
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D27C1D4671AE06CB2B3FAC0FDEC0A03" box="[441,515,1338,1364]" pageId="25" pageNumber="86" type="male">2 male</specimenCount>
|
||
with furwings to clearly separate it from Ap3. Plus, the wing length must be in the range given in the original description. From the use of the name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2171DE671AE06CB073FAA5FC1E0A2F" baseAuthorityName="Wesmael" baseAuthorityYear="1841" box="[889,1009,1375,1401]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Apertochrysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aspersa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955D64F671AE06CB073FAA5FC1E0A2F" box="[889,1009,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="86">C. aspersa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by specialists such as Burmeister and Navás, we can infer what the original
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2171DE671AE06CB140FA79FD2C0ACB" baseAuthorityName="Wesmael" baseAuthorityYear="1841" box="[586,707,1411,1437]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Apertochrysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aspersa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955D64F671AE06CB140FA79FD2C0ACB" box="[586,707,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="86">C. aspersa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
of Wesmael must have looked like. In the tray with the original type of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2171DE671AE06CB3E6FA5DFDC40A97" authority="Burmeister, 1839" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1839" box="[236,555,1446,1473]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Chrysopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="prasina">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955D64F671AE06CB3E6FA5DFE8C0A97" box="[236,355,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="86">C. prasina</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB077AC671AE06CB263FA5CFDC40A97" author="Burmeister, H. C. C." box="[361,555,1446,1472]" pageId="25" pageNumber="86" pagination="757 - 1050" refId="ref18271" refString="Burmeister, H. C. C. (1839) s. n. In: Handbuch der Entomologie. Zweiter Band. Besondere Entomologie. Zweite Abteilung. Kaukerfe. Gymnognatha. Zweite Ha ¨ lfte. Vulgo Neuroptera. T. C. F. Enslin, Berlin, pp. 757 - 1050." type="book chapter" year="1839">
|
||
Burmeister,
|
||
<quantity id="4CD9A7B8671AE06CB2F9FA5CFDC40A97" box="[499,555,1446,1472]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.67106" pageId="25" pageNumber="86" unit="in" value="1839.0">1839</quantity>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in Halle,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3364ACD671AE06CB192FA5CFCEE0A97" box="[664,769,1446,1472]" name="Germany" pageId="25" pageNumber="86">Germany</collectingCountry>
|
||
, there is a much smaller prasinoid with the label
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2171DE671AE06CB62FFA5DFF080AB2" authority="Wesm." authorityName="Wesm." class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Apertochrysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aspersa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955D64F671AE06CB62FFA5DFA730A97" box="[1317,1436,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="86">C. aspersa</emphasis>
|
||
Wesm.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which still displays the red sutures under the antennae and clearly is Ap2. We assume that Burmeister himself had identified that specimen as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2171DE671AE06CB154FA15FD37095F" box="[606,728,1519,1545]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Apertochrysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aspersa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955D64F671AE06CB154FA15FD37095F" box="[606,728,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="86">C. aspersa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
before it was synonymized with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2171DE671AE06CB75CFA15FB21095F" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1839" box="[1110,1230,1519,1545]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Chrysopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="prasina">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955D64F671AE06CB75CFA15FB21095F" box="[1110,1230,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="86">C. prasina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in 1856. He must have considered the
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D27C1D4671AE06CB276F9E9FDCD097B" box="[380,546,1554,1581]" pageId="25" pageNumber="86" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
in his tray as different species—and he was right. In the insect collection of the Natural History Museum of Basel, a small “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2171DE671AE06CB176F9CCFCA90907" baseAuthorityName="Wesmael" baseAuthorityYear="1841" box="[636,838,1590,1616]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Chrysopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aspersa">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955D64F671AE06CB176F9CCFCA90907" box="[636,838,1590,1616]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="86">Chrysopa aspersa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
” bears the label “det. L. Navás.” Navás had described several prasinoid varieties as looking similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2171DE671AE06CB1B6F9A1FCA90923" box="[700,838,1627,1653]" pageId="25" pageNumber="86" rank="variety" variety="aspersa">
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B955D64F671AE06CB1E5F9A1FCA90923" box="[751,838,1627,1652]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="86">aspersa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2171DE671AE06CB07CF9A1FBE00923" box="[886,1039,1626,1653]" pageId="25" pageNumber="86" rank="variety" variety="adspersa">
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B955D64F671AE06CB0A0F9A0FBE00923" box="[938,1039,1626,1652]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="86">adspersa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. They all were smaller than his
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2171DE671AE06CB689F9A1FF1909CF" baseAuthorityName="Navas" baseAuthorityYear="1905" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Dichochrysa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mariana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955D64F671AE06CB689F9A1FF1909CF" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="86">C. mariana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
type specimen with a wing length of
|
||
<quantity id="4CD9A7B8671AE06CB196F984FD0209CE" box="[668,749,1662,1689]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="25" pageNumber="86" unit="mm" value="16.0">16 mm</quantity>
|
||
, which became a junior synonym of the large
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2171DE671AE06CB7F8F985FA8709CF" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1839" box="[1266,1384,1663,1689]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Chrysopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="prasina">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955D64F671AE06CB7F8F985FA8709CF" box="[1266,1384,1663,1689]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="86">A. prasina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. For Navás,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2171DE671AE06CB3E1F959FE9D09EB" box="[235,370,1699,1725]" pageId="25" pageNumber="86" rank="variety" variety="aspersa">
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="B955D64F671AE06CB211F959FE9D09EB" box="[283,370,1699,1724]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="86">aspersa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also was clearly different from Burmeister’s
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C2171DE671AE06CB065F959FC0A09EB" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1839" box="[879,997,1699,1725]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Chrysopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="86" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="prasina">
|
||
<emphasis id="B955D64F671AE06CB065F959FC0A09EB" box="[879,997,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="86">C. prasina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |