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<document id="B90F2FAC39E3075D9FFCF62EEE224D36" ID-CLB-Dataset="55543" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5134.4.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6cdcd17b-e695-4d2b-9f19-d6c2cf59a722" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6541737" ID-ZooBank="79D78E49-C127-4EB8-BEA2-784B0BC65363" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1652342354988" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Dean, W. Richard J., Åhlander, Erik &amp; Johansson, Ulf S." docDate="2022" docId="0384EA10F76AB114B1D2F980333E41C7" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5134.4.3.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5134 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Muscicapa fuscula Sundevall 1850" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="553" masterDocId="FFBD9268F775B134B145FFFF32394342" masterDocTitle="Avian type localities and the type specimens collected by Johan August Wahlberg in southern Africa" masterLastPageNumber="560" masterPageNumber="521" pageNumber="552" updateTime="1699330261015" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="40C444FE37992996EBAA57A6990911F7">Avian type localities and the type specimens collected by Johan August Wahlberg in southern Africa</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="05A441D83544100C84C1E831C7477110">Dean, W. Richard J.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="D5E2CC0CD0E87C1C734736FA9992BC17" type="ORCID">0000-0002-6541-3565</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="206229793F5EF866C738A64A4AF002D6">Research Associate, FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7701 South Africa. wrjdean 01 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6541 - 3565 &amp; Wolwekraal Conservation and Research Organisation, P. O. Box 47, Prince Albert 6930, South Africa. &amp; South African Environmental Observation Network, Arid Lands Node, Kimberley, South Africa.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="9CB74071768AE71B047A7D90FF750DC1" type="email">wrjdean01@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="8D90AB2BCDF155974AABAF2DDFBF3F24">Åhlander, Erik</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="F87FC4829AE3567C72AAD53AF05F47D6">Swedish Museum of Natural History, Zoology, Box 50007, SE- 104 05 Stockholm, Sweden.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="7A9958756CEE93DB577E44C613DBA41B">Johansson, Ulf S.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="14F06CF1E1C08A869793C0C8E31F97DF">Swedish Museum of Natural History, Zoology, Box 50007, SE- 104 05 Stockholm, Sweden.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="20AE18B4AA27A2AAE9C3A72FC5D5D0DE">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="F5EE7696E8AD6EF305AB33EFBCF32BA5">2022</mods:date>
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<treatment id="0384EA10F76AB114B1D2F980333E41C7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6543041" ID-GBIF-Taxon="195304216" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6543041" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0384EA10F76AB114B1D2F980333E41C7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0384EA10F76AB114B1D2F980333E41C7" lastPageId="32" lastPageNumber="553" pageId="31" pageNumber="552">
<subSubSection id="C337088DF76AB12BB1D2F980307645A3" pageId="31" pageNumber="552" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B925B06F76AB12BB1D2F98030B745DB" blockId="31.[151,654,1663,1690]" box="[151,654,1663,1690]" pageId="31" pageNumber="552">
<heading id="D0DAEC6AF76AB12BB1D2F98030B745DB" bold="true" box="[151,654,1663,1690]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="31" pageNumber="552" reason="1">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB3D7C28F76AB12BB1D2F98030B745DB" box="[151,654,1663,1690]" pageId="31" pageNumber="552">
<emphasis id="B9598714F76AB12BB1D2F98030B745DB" bold="true" box="[151,654,1663,1690]" pageId="31" pageNumber="552">
<treatmentCitation id="0A8C7D17F76AB12BB1D2F98030B145DB" author="Sundevall, C. J." box="[151,648,1663,1690]" page="105" pageId="31" pageNumber="552" year="1850">
<taxonomicName id="4C2D2085F76AB12BB1D2F98030B145DB" authority="Sundevall, 1850: 105" authorityName="Sundevall" authorityPageNumber="105" authorityYear="1850" box="[151,648,1663,1690]" class="Aves" family="Muscicapidae" genus="Muscicapa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="31" pageNumber="552" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fuscula">
<emphasis id="B9598714F76AB12BB1D2F980334445D8" bold="true" box="[151,381,1663,1690]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="552">Muscicapa fuscula</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFBC26F7F76AB12BB0C6F98030B145DB" author="Sundevall, C. J." box="[387,648,1663,1689]" pageId="31" pageNumber="552" pagination="96 - 111" refId="ref29984" refString="Sundevall, C. J. (1850) Foglar fran sodra Afrika. Ofversigt af Kongliga Vetenskaps-akademiens forhandlingar, 7 (4), 96 - 111." type="journal article" year="1850">Sundevall, 1850: 105</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</emphasis>
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</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B925B06F76AB12BB1D2F937307645A3" blockId="31.[151,1437,1735,2014]" box="[151,591,1735,1762]" pageId="31" pageNumber="552">
VERBATIM
<typeStatus id="5496E5A4F76AB12BB042F9303301459D" box="[263,312,1743,1759]" pageId="31" pageNumber="552">TYPE</typeStatus>
LOCALITY: “
<emphasis id="B9598714F76AB12BB0F8F937307A45A3" box="[445,579,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="552">in Caffraria</emphasis>
”
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C337088DF76AB12BB182F91432EC4468" pageId="31" pageNumber="552" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B925B06F76AB12BB182F91432EC4468" blockId="31.[151,1437,1735,2014]" pageId="31" pageNumber="552">
CURRENT STATUS:
<taxonomicName id="4C2D2085F76AB12BB0CCF91331464444" authority="Sundevall 1850" authorityName="Sundevall" authorityYear="1850" box="[393,895,1771,1798]" class="Aves" family="Muscicapidae" genus="Muscicapa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="31" pageNumber="552" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="adusta" subSpecies="fuscula">
<emphasis id="B9598714F76AB12BB0CCF91330844447" box="[393,701,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="552">Muscicapa adusta fuscula</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFBC26F7F76AB12BB381F91431464444" author="Sundevall, C. J." box="[708,895,1771,1798]" pageId="31" pageNumber="552" pagination="96 - 111" refId="ref29984" refString="Sundevall, C. J. (1850) Foglar fran sodra Afrika. Ofversigt af Kongliga Vetenskaps-akademiens forhandlingar, 7 (4), 96 - 111." type="journal article" year="1850">Sundevall 1850</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C2D2085F76AB12BB2C9F91432E84468" authority="(Dickinson &amp; Christidis 2014: 588)" baseAuthorityName="Dickinson &amp; Christidis" baseAuthorityPageNumber="588" baseAuthorityYear="2014" class="Aves" family="Muscicapidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="31" pageNumber="552" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">
Muscicapidae (
<bibRefCitation id="EFBC26F7F76AB12BB57BF91432F14468" author="Dickinson, E. C. &amp; Christidis, L." pageId="31" pageNumber="552" refId="ref28395" refString="Dickinson, E. C. &amp; Christidis, L. (2014) The Howard and Moore Complete Checklist of the Birds of the World. 4 th Edition. Vol. 2. Passerines. Aves Press, Eastbourne, 752 pp." type="book" year="2014">Dickinson &amp; Christidis 2014: 588</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C337088DF76AB114B182F8CB30C2417F" lastPageId="32" lastPageNumber="553" pageId="31" pageNumber="552" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B925B06F76AB114B182F8CB31E3415B" blockId="31.[151,1437,1735,2014]" lastBlockId="32.[151,1437,150,645]" lastPageId="32" lastPageNumber="553" pageId="31" pageNumber="552">
<collectionCode id="ED3CC3C3F76AB12BB182F8CB32C24409" box="[199,251,1844,1870]" pageId="31" pageNumber="552">TYPE</collectionCode>
MATERIAL:
<bibRefCitation id="EFBC26F7F76AB12BB03EF8CC3040440C" author="Sundevall, C. J." box="[379,633,1843,1870]" pageId="31" pageNumber="552" pagination="96 - 111" refId="ref29984" refString="Sundevall, C. J. (1850) Foglar fran sodra Afrika. Ofversigt af Kongliga Vetenskaps-akademiens forhandlingar, 7 (4), 96 - 111." type="journal article" year="1850">Sundevall (1850: 105)</bibRefCitation>
did not indicate how many specimens he had available, but it appears that apart from material collected by Wahlberg, the
<specimenCount id="9D2B908FF76AB12BB389F8A731494433" box="[716,880,1879,1906]" pageId="31" pageNumber="552" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
(male and female) illustrated by Levaillant under the name “
<emphasis id="B9598714F76AB12BB055F883300D44D7" box="[272,564,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="552">Le Gobe Mouches Ondulé</emphasis>
” (1805, vol. 4: plate 156) are part of the type series. According to Sundevall’s acquisition catalogue
<specimenCount id="9D2B908FF76AB12BB0C8F85F300A44FB" box="[397,563,1951,1978]" pageId="31" pageNumber="552" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
were at hand in 1850 (marked “
<taxonomicName id="4C2D2085F76AB12BB2E4F85F360444FB" authority="Dean &amp; Åhlander &amp; Johansson, 2022" authorityName="Dean &amp; Åhlander &amp; Johansson" authorityYear="2022" box="[929,1085,1951,1977]" class="Aves" family="Muscicapidae" genus="Muscicapa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="31" pageNumber="552" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fuscula" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9598714F76AB12BB2E4F85F360444FB" box="[929,1085,1951,1977]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="552">Musc. fuscula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26A3A6FF76AB12BB500F85F364244FB" box="[1093,1147,1951,1978]" pageId="31" pageNumber="552" rank="species">n sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
” but also “
<emphasis id="B9598714F76AB12BB5BEF86037A944FB" box="[1275,1424,1951,1977]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="552">l’Ondulé 156</emphasis>
” + illegible).
<bibRefCitation id="EFBC26F7F76AB12BB067F83C300C449C" author="Gyldenstolpe, N." box="[290,565,1987,2014]" pageId="31" pageNumber="552" pagination="1 - 116" refId="ref28755" refString="Gyldenstolpe, N. (1926) Types of birds in the Royal Natural History Museum in Stockholm. Arkiv f or Zoologi, 19, 1 - 116." type="journal article" year="1926">Gyldenstolpe (1926: 60)</bibRefCitation>
referred to NRM 568764 [6799] as a “type”; we treat this as a
<typeStatus id="5496E5A4F76AB12BB5BAF83C375F449F" box="[1279,1382,1987,2013]" pageId="31" pageNumber="552" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
designation of this adult male collected
<date id="FF937DC6F755B114B372FF6830F743F3" box="[567,718,151,177]" pageId="32" pageNumber="553" value="1840-05-12">
12 May
<quantity id="4CD5F6E3F755B114B3D3FF6830F743F3" box="[662,718,151,177]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6736" pageId="32" pageNumber="553" unit="in" value="1840.0">1840</quantity>
</date>
in Durban. The
<typeStatus id="5496E5A4F755B114B2CFFF68361843F3" box="[906,1057,151,177]" pageId="32" pageNumber="553" type="paralectotype">paralectotype</typeStatus>
is NRM 568765 [6798], an adult male collected
<date id="FF937DC6F755B114B001FF4433DB4397" box="[324,482,187,213]" pageId="32" pageNumber="553" value="1840-04-29">
29 April
<quantity id="4CD5F6E3F755B114B0EFFF4433DB4397" box="[426,482,187,213]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.6736" pageId="32" pageNumber="553" unit="in" value="1840.0">1840</quantity>
</date>
in Durban. However, the illustrations in Levaillant (1805, vol. 4: plate 156) are the type specimens for
<taxonomicName id="4C2D2085F755B114B03DFF20309B43BB" authority="Boie, 1828" authorityName="Boie" authorityYear="1828" box="[376,674,223,249]" class="Aves" family="Coleophoridae" genus="Butalis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="553" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="adusta">
<emphasis id="B9598714F755B114B03DFF20302543BB" box="[376,540,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="553">Butalis adusta</emphasis>
Boie, 1828
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C2D2085F755B114B3F1FF2031BA43BB" baseAuthorityName="F. Boie" baseAuthorityYear="1828" box="[692,899,223,249]" class="Aves" family="Muscicapidae" genus="Muscicapa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="32" pageNumber="553" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="adusta">
<emphasis id="B9598714F755B114B3F1FF2031BA43BB" box="[692,899,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="553">Muscicapa adusta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). The specimens illustrated by Levaillant have no explicit origin, but he stated that he had seen this species in “le pays d’Auteniquoi” where it is very common as well as along the coast of Natal. The specimens on Levaillant’s plate are
<typeStatus id="5496E5A4F755B114B28BFED836494203" box="[974,1136,295,321]" pageId="32" pageNumber="553" type="paralectotype">paralectotypes</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="4C2D2085F755B114B5D2FED837534203" authorityName="Dean &amp; Åhlander &amp; Johansson" authorityYear="2022" box="[1175,1386,295,321]" class="Aves" family="Muscicapidae" genus="Muscicapa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="32" pageNumber="553" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fuscula">
<emphasis id="B9598714F755B114B5D2FED837534203" box="[1175,1386,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="553">Muscicapa fuscula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but they are no longer primary types, and they are name-bearing for
<taxonomicName id="4C2D2085F755B114B23DFEB436224227" authorityName="Boie" authorityYear="1828" box="[888,1051,331,357]" class="Aves" family="Coleophoridae" genus="Butalis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="553" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="adusta">
<emphasis id="B9598714F755B114B23DFEB436224227" box="[888,1051,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="553">Butalis adusta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
only. No
<typeStatus id="5496E5A4F755B114B5C9FEB436CA4227" box="[1164,1267,331,357]" pageId="32" pageNumber="553" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
or
<typeStatus id="5496E5A4F755B114B45EFEB4374D4227" box="[1307,1396,331,357]" pageId="32" pageNumber="553" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
<emphasis id="B9598714F755B114B439FEB4330142CB" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="553">
for
<taxonomicName id="4C2D2085F755B114B1D2FE90330142CB" authorityName="Boie" authorityYear="1828" box="[151,312,367,393]" class="Aves" family="Coleophoridae" genus="Butalis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="553" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="adusta">Butalis adusta</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
seems to have been designated.
<bibRefCitation id="EFBC26F7F755B114B3E4FE9031B342CB" author="Traylor Jr., M. A." box="[673,906,367,393]" pageId="32" pageNumber="553" refId="ref30134" refString="Traylor Jr., M. A. (1986 a) Family Muscicapidae (sensu stricto), Old World Flycatchers (African). In: Mayr, E. &amp; Cottrell, G. W. (Eds.), Check-List of Birds of the World. Vol. 11. Museum of Comparative Zoology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, pp. 295 - 375." type="book" year="1986">Traylor (1986a: 329)</bibRefCitation>
referred to the TL as “Auteniquoi ex Levaillant = Knysna district,
<collectingRegion id="49E995E4F755B114B023FE6C302942EF" box="[358,528,403,429]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="32" pageNumber="553">Cape Province</collectingRegion>
”, which does not agree with Levaillant. The locality “Knysna” was corrected by
<bibRefCitation id="EFBC26F7F755B114B419FE6C33104290" author="Rookmaaker, L. C." pageId="32" pageNumber="553" pagination="189 - 190" refId="ref29483" refString="Rookmaaker, L. C. (1986) The location of Levaillant's &quot; Pays d'Auteniquois &quot;. Ostrich, 57, 189 - 190." type="journal article" year="1986">Rookmaaker (1986)</bibRefCitation>
; the “Pays d’Auteniquois”
<emphasis id="B9598714F755B114B374FE4830504292" box="[561,617,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="553">sensu</emphasis>
Levaillant is in the immediate vicinity of George.According to Levaillant’s map of his travels, however, he clearly never visited the coastal area near Durban, and so the type localities of
<taxonomicName id="4C2D2085F755B114B408FE24335D415B" authority="Boie, 1828" authorityName="Boie" authorityYear="1828" class="Aves" family="Coleophoridae" genus="Butalis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="553" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="adusta">
<emphasis id="B9598714F755B114B408FE2432DB415B" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="553">Butalis adusta</emphasis>
Boie, 1828
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C2D2085F755B114B0DFFE003113415B" authority="Sundevall, 1850" authorityName="Sundevall" authorityYear="1850" box="[410,810,510,537]" class="Aves" family="Muscicapidae" genus="Muscicapa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Passeriformes" pageId="32" pageNumber="553" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="fuscula">
<emphasis id="B9598714F755B114B0DFFE003054415B" box="[410,621,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="553">Muscicapa fuscula</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFBC26F7F755B114B331FE003113415B" author="Sundevall, C. J." box="[628,810,510,537]" pageId="32" pageNumber="553" pagination="96 - 111" refId="ref29984" refString="Sundevall, C. J. (1850) Foglar fran sodra Afrika. Ofversigt af Kongliga Vetenskaps-akademiens forhandlingar, 7 (4), 96 - 111." type="journal article" year="1850">Sundevall, 1850</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
do not overlap.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B925B06F755B114B182FDDC30C2417F" blockId="32.[151,1437,150,645]" box="[199,763,547,573]" pageId="32" pageNumber="553">
<materialsCitation id="3B45515BF755B114B182FDDC30CE417F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3766756369" box="[199,759,547,573]" collectionCode="VERIFIED" location="Durban" pageId="32" pageNumber="553" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectionCode id="ED3CC3C3F755B114B182FDDC331A4178" box="[199,291,547,573]" pageId="32" pageNumber="553">VERIFIED</collectionCode>
<typeStatus id="5496E5A4F755B114B06FFDD533624178" box="[298,347,554,570]" pageId="32" pageNumber="553">TYPE</typeStatus>
LOCALITY:
<location id="8EF20DDDF755B114B091FDDC3016417F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0384EA10F76AB114B1D2F980333E41C7:8EF20DDDF755B114B091FDDC3016417F" box="[468,559,547,573]" name="Durban" pageId="32" pageNumber="553" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">Durban</location>
,
<collectingRegion id="49E995E4F755B114B37EFDDC30CE417F" box="[571,759,547,573]" country="South Africa" name="KwaZulu-Natal" pageId="32" pageNumber="553">KwaZulu-Natal</collectingRegion>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C337088DF755B114B182FDB8333E41C7" pageId="32" pageNumber="553" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B925B06F755B114B182FDB8333E41C7" blockId="32.[151,1437,150,645]" pageId="32" pageNumber="553">
COMMENTS: There are no journal entries for this date. Wahlberg was in Durban from March to early
<date id="FF937DC6F755B114B41CFDB8333B41C7" pageId="32" pageNumber="553" value="1840-10">October 1840</date>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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